Getting to Know GRUB Install and Use This Robust Boot Loader
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Linux Boot Loaders Compared
Linux Boot Loaders Compared L.C. Benschop May 29, 2003 Copyright c 2002, 2003, L.C. Benschop, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. Per- mission is granted to make verbatim copies of this document. This is version 1.1 which has some minor corrections. Contents 1 introduction 2 2 How Boot Loaders Work 3 2.1 What BIOS does for us . 3 2.2 Parts of a boot loader . 6 2.2.1 boot sector program . 6 2.2.2 second stage of boot loader . 7 2.2.3 Boot loader installer . 8 2.3 Loading the operating system . 8 2.3.1 Loading the Linux kernel . 8 2.3.2 Chain loading . 10 2.4 Configuring the boot loader . 10 3 Example Installations 11 3.1 Example root file system and kernel . 11 3.2 Linux Boot Sector . 11 3.3 LILO . 14 3.4 GNU GRUB . 15 3.5 SYSLINUX . 18 3.6 LOADLIN . 19 3.7 Where Can Boot Loaders Live . 21 1 4 RAM Disks 22 4.1 Living without a RAM disk . 22 4.2 RAM disk devices . 23 4.3 Loading a RAM disk at boot time . 24 4.4 The initial RAM disk . 24 5 Making Diskette Images without Diskettes 25 6 Hard Disk Installation 26 7 CD-ROM Installation 29 8 Conclusions 31 1 introduction If you use Linux on a production system, you will only see it a few times a year. If you are a hobbyist who compiles many kernels or who uses many operating systems, you may see it several times per day. -
The GNU GRUB Manual the Grand Unified Bootloader, Version 2.02, 25 April 2017
the GNU GRUB manual The GRand Unified Bootloader, version 2.02, 25 April 2017. Gordon Matzigkeit Yoshinori K. Okuji Colin Watson Colin D. Bennett This manual is for GNU GRUB (version 2.02, 25 April 2017). Copyright c 1999,2000,2001,2002,2004,2006,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections. i Table of Contents 1 Introduction to GRUB ::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.1 Overview :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.2 History of GRUB :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.3 Differences from previous versions :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2 1.4 GRUB features::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 1.5 The role of a boot loader ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5 2 Naming convention ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7 3 OS-specific notes about grub tools :::::::::::: 9 4 Installation ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 11 4.1 Installing GRUB using grub-install :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 11 4.2 Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 12 4.3 The map between BIOS drives and OS devices :::::::::::::::: 13 4.4 BIOS installation ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 13 5 Booting::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 15 5.1 How to boot operating systems :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 15 5.1.1 How to boot an OS directly with GRUB :::::::::::::::::: -
The GNU GRUB Manual the Grand Unified Bootloader, Version 2.06, 10 May 2021
the GNU GRUB manual The GRand Unified Bootloader, version 2.06, 10 May 2021. Gordon Matzigkeit Yoshinori K. Okuji Colin Watson Colin D. Bennett This manual is for GNU GRUB (version 2.06, 10 May 2021). Copyright c 1999,2000,2001,2002,2004,2006,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections. i Table of Contents 1 Introduction to GRUB ::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.1 Overview :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.2 History of GRUB :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.3 Differences from previous versions :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2 1.4 GRUB features::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 1.5 The role of a boot loader ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5 2 Naming convention ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7 3 OS-specific notes about grub tools :::::::::::: 9 4 Installation ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 11 4.1 Installing GRUB using grub-install :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 11 4.2 Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 12 4.3 The map between BIOS drives and OS devices :::::::::::::::: 13 4.4 BIOS installation ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 13 5 Booting::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 15 5.1 How to boot operating systems :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 15 5.1.1 How to boot an OS directly with GRUB :::::::::::::::::: -
The GNU GRUB Manual the Grand Unified Bootloader, Version 2.04, 24 June 2019
the GNU GRUB manual The GRand Unified Bootloader, version 2.04, 24 June 2019. Gordon Matzigkeit Yoshinori K. Okuji Colin Watson Colin D. Bennett This manual is for GNU GRUB (version 2.04, 24 June 2019). Copyright c 1999,2000,2001,2002,2004,2006,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections. i Table of Contents 1 Introduction to GRUB ::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.1 Overview :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.2 History of GRUB :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.3 Differences from previous versions :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2 1.4 GRUB features::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 1.5 The role of a boot loader ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5 2 Naming convention ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7 3 OS-specific notes about grub tools :::::::::::: 9 4 Installation ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 11 4.1 Installing GRUB using grub-install :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 11 4.2 Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 12 4.3 The map between BIOS drives and OS devices :::::::::::::::: 13 4.4 BIOS installation ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 13 5 Booting::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 15 5.1 How to boot operating systems :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 15 5.1.1 How to boot an OS directly with GRUB ::::::::::::::::::