DOCSLIB.ORG

Good Reading to You All, Deirdre, Librarian

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Good Reading to You All, Deirdre, Librarian Dear Readers, Welcome to Library Newsletter No.4. The Christmas Library Competition is in full swing with lots of entries already! The stories I have read so far have been brilliant, lots of exciting plots, characters and settings. As for Santa’s treats, well, what can I say…. they look delicious! Well done to all the children who have worked hard on their entries and very enthusiastically accessed their amazing imaginations. Good luck to you all! NOTE: Closing date for the competition has changed from the 21st of December to the 17th of December, this will also be announced in the school. This month the library is celebrating the 200th anniversary publication of Jane Austen’s fourth novel, Emma (1815): “Silly things do cease to be silly if they are done by sensible people in an impudent way.” And the 150th anniversary of the birth of Rudyard Kipling: “If history were taught in the form of stories, it would never be forgotten.” In the world of mathematics, a short discussion will be presented on the famous mathematician Fibonacci and his amazing Fibonacci sequence. “No student ought to complete a course in Mathematics without the feeling that there must be something in it, without catching a glimpse, however fleeting of its possibilities, without at least a few moments of pleasure in achievement and insight.” Helen A. Merrill In the grammar world the newsletter will provide an insight into vowels, why they exist and who decided to split the alphabet into consonants and vowels! Plus, a brief history on the origin of alphabets and phonetics. Author of the fortnight is Andrew Lane. Author of the Young Sherlock Holmes book series, some of which I managed to purchase at a very reasonable price over the last week. They are already catalogued and on the library shelves eagerly awaiting avid young readers. A huge to Dympna Devin (sister-in-law to our fantastic caretaker, Davy), for donating to the school library. The books are greatly appreciated by students and staff alike, with some of them already in the hands of Mr. Flanagan’s 3rd Class. Imagine, this is the second last newsletter for this year! Only 15 more sleeps to go!!! Ho! Ho! Ho! Good reading to you all, Deirdre, Librarian. Young Sherlock Holmes is a series of young adult Thriller novels by Andrew Lane featuring Arthur Conan Doyle's detective Sherlock Holmes as a teenager in the 1860s, who is faced with numerous crimes and adventures throughout the series. Books in the series So far there have been seven books released in the series, with the seventh book released in September 2014. There could potentially be nine in total. Death Cloud (June 2010): Fourteen-year-old Sherlock Holmes is sent to live with his Aunt and Uncle in Hampshire and teams up with Matty Arnatt to investigate two mysterious deaths which appear to be somehow related to a black cloud which Sherlock Holmes has to solve. Red Leech, retitled Rebel Fire for the American market, (November 2010): A few months after the events of the first novel, Holmes investigates the possibility that John Wilkes Booth is alive and well, and living in England. The investigation takes Sherlock to America with his tutor, Amyus Crowe. Black Ice (June 2011): Mycroft invites Sherlock and his tutor to London for a visit, but when they arrive at the Diogenes Club they find Mycroft with a dagger in his hand and a dead body on the floor. The adventure takes them from the depths of the London sewers to the frozen Russian landscapes. Fire Storm (November 2011): Fourteen-year-old Sherlock has come up against some challenges in his time, but what confronts him now is completely baffling. His tutor, Crowe, and Crowe's daughter, Virginia, have vanished. Their house looks as if nobody has ever lived there. Snake Bite (September 27, 2012): Sherlock finds himself facing another mystery after being kidnapped and taken to China on a ship named as the Gloria Scott. Knife Edge (October 2013): Takes place in Ireland. Following the events of the last book Sherlock returns home to find himself stuck in the middle of a kidnapping. Stone Cold (September 2014): Following his last thrilling adventure Sherlock Holmes has been sent to live in Oxford to focus on his education. But something strange is happening in the university pathology labs. Body parts are being stolen from corpses and are being posted one by one to an address in London. What can these sinister goings-on mean, and what message is someone trying to send? In an attempt to find out, Sherlock finds himself in an isolated manor house where strange things have been happening. Can he get to the bottom of another baffling mystery? Who knows? Night Break (September 2015): Sherlock's mother has died, his father has gone missing in India and his sister is acting strangely. The Holmes family seems to be falling apart, and not even brother Mycroft can keep it together. A mysterious disappearance leads them to Egypt and the Suez Canal, where an explosive finale will tear the Holmes family apart! Background Based on the success of Charlie Higson's bestselling Young Bond series (as discussed in the last newsletter), the estate of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle authorised a series of books detailing the life of the teenage Sherlock Holmes. One of Andrew Lane's key aims is to explain some of the complexities of Holmes' character, who is scientific and analytical on the one hand, and artistic and moody on the other. Two new characters introduced in this series, his two tutors, Amyus Crowe and Rufus Stone, will help shed light on the formation of the two sides of his character evident in later life. Further titles in the series may include; The Giant Rat of Sumatra (mentioned in "The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire") The Remarkable Worm Unknown to Science (mentioned in "The Problem of Thor Bridge") Colonel Warburton’s Madness (mentioned in "The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb") The Segregation of the Queen (mentioned in "His Last Bow") A Sample of Online Reviews by Young Sherlock Holmes Readers: Louis Desforges, age 13 - 'Interesting and exciting read which is a great introduction to the Young Sherlock Holmes series. I would recommend it to readers who enjoy action and adventure stories.' Liam, age 12 - 'This book was very well written by a very good author who I was interested in. When I had finished reading it, I instantly needed to read the next book in the series.' James Harrison, age 11 - 'I really hope a whole lot more of Young Sherlock books come out, so, all-in- all I say: 'Go Young Sherlock'!' Benjy Randall, age 10 - 'A great all round adventure book, with lots of action. Will keep any young reader full entertained.' Daisy Grundy, yr 7 - 'The book was set with mysteries which would all come together at an exciting climax which the ideas and questions would click together.' Phoebe Allan, age 14 - 'This is a clever book that is full of suspense...His fearless journey is full of action and does not fail to amaze me in a way that only the incredible creation that is Sherlock Holmes can.' Read full review > Mukunth Kowsik, age 12 - 'This book is so good that you simply will not put it down. It is Sherlock Holmes made more easier to understand and to be enjoyed by teenagers.' Elenie Williams, age 11 - 'Young Sherlock; Death Cloud is a gripping adventure story that is so tense it will make you not want to put it down. Why wouldn't you pick it up?' Jenny Bridgeman, age 9 - 'Cracking thriller that re-introduces a classic character to a modern day audience!' Ella Hollingshead, age 13 - 'Suspense, mystery, criminals, detectives- this book is packed full of such excitement. Set in an English town, Young Sherlock looks set to be an exciting series, I can't wait to read the next book!' Jemma Rubens, age 10 - 'This book is the first in a six part series about young Sherlock Holmes. He is accompanied throughout by his tutor, his urchin friend and the tutor's daughter.' Sam Harper, age 10 - 'a thrilling mystery, perfect for anyone who likes solving crimes...A great introduction to the worlds most famous detective.' In the early 1200’s, an Italian mathematician Leonardo of Pisa (nicknamed Fibonacci) discovered the famous Fibonacci sequence. This sequence falls under the mathematical domain of number theory and its most famous problem concerned rabbits. Fibonacci numbers are an interesting mathematical idea. Although not normally taught in the school curriculum, particularly in primary schools, the prevalence of their appearance in nature and the ease of understanding them, makes them an excellent principle for young children to study. The Fibonacci Quarterly is a modern journal devoted to studying mathematics related to this sequence. Fibonacci's work in number theory was almost wholly ignored and virtually unknown during the Middle ages. Three hundred years later the same results appear in the work of Francesco Maurolico, (September 16, 1494 - July 21, 1575), a mathematician and astronomer from Sicily. INTRODUCTION TO FIBONACCI NUMBERS Have you ever pulled the petals off of a daisy? If you look closely at the centre of a daisy, you will find that the yellow centre is not solid. It is made up of sets of spirals that go out from the centre. It’s not just daisies! Nature is all about math. Look at the pictures of a pinecone. It has those same kinds of spirals. They don’t go around and around in a circle - they go out like fireworks.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Linguistic Presentation of Objects
    Zygmunt Ryznar dr emeritus Cracow Poland [email protected] Linguistic presentation of objects (types,structures,relations) Abstract Paper presents phrases for object specification in terms of structure, relations and dynamics. An applied notation provides a very concise (less words more contents) description of object. Keywords object relations, role, object type, object dynamics, geometric presentation Introduction This paper is based on OSL (Object Specification Language) [3] dedicated to present the various structures of objects, their relations and dynamics (events, actions and processes). Jay W.Forrester author of fundamental work "Industrial Dynamics”[4] considers the importance of relations: “the structure of interconnections and the interactions are often far more important than the parts of system”. Notation <!...> comment < > container of (phrase,name...) ≡> link to something external (outside of definition)) <def > </def> start-end of definition <spec> </spec> start-end of specification <beg> <end> start-end of section [..] or {..} 1 list of assigned keywords :[ or :{ structure ^<name> optional item (..) list of items xxxx(..) name of list = value assignment @ mark of special attribute,feature,property @dark unknown, to obtain, to discover :: belongs to : equivalent name (e.g.shortname) # number of |name| executive/operational object ppppXxxx name of item Xxxx with prefix ‘pppp ‘ XXXX basic object UUUU.xxxx xxxx object belonged to UUUU object class & / conjunctions ‘and’ ‘or’ 1 If using Latex editor we suggest [..] brackets
    [Show full text]
  • Golden Ratio: a Subtle Regulator in Our Body and Cardiovascular System?
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306051060 Golden Ratio: A subtle regulator in our body and cardiovascular system? Article in International journal of cardiology · August 2016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.147 CITATIONS READS 8 266 3 authors, including: Selcuk Ozturk Ertan Yetkin Ankara University Istinye University, LIV Hospital 56 PUBLICATIONS 121 CITATIONS 227 PUBLICATIONS 3,259 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: microbiology View project golden ratio View project All content following this page was uploaded by Ertan Yetkin on 23 August 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. International Journal of Cardiology 223 (2016) 143–145 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Cardiology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijcard Review Golden ratio: A subtle regulator in our body and cardiovascular system? Selcuk Ozturk a, Kenan Yalta b, Ertan Yetkin c,⁎ a Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Bolu, Turkey b Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Edirne, Turkey c Yenisehir Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Mersin, Turkey article info abstract Article history: Golden ratio, which is an irrational number and also named as the Greek letter Phi (φ), is defined as the ratio be- Received 13 July 2016 tween two lines of unequal length, where the ratio of the lengths of the shorter to the longer is the same as the Accepted 7 August 2016 ratio between the lengths of the longer and the sum of the lengths.
    [Show full text]
  • Linguistic Presentation of Object Structure and Relations in OSL Language
    Zygmunt Ryznar Linguistic presentation of object structure and relations in OSL language Abstract OSL© is a markup descriptive language for the description of any object in terms of structure and behavior. In this paper we present a geometric approach, the kernel and subsets for IT system, business and human-being as a proof of universality. This language was invented as a tool for a free structured modeling and design. Keywords free structured modeling and design, OSL, object specification language, human descriptive language, factual markup, geometric view, object specification, GSO -geometrically structured objects. I. INTRODUCTION Generally, a free structured modeling is a collection of methods, techniques and tools for modeling the variable structure as an opposite to the widely used “well-structured” approach focused on top-down hierarchical decomposition. It is assumed that system boundaries are not finally defined, because the system is never to be completed and components are are ready to be modified at any time. OSL is dedicated to present the various structures of objects, their relations and dynamics (events, actions and processes). This language may be counted among markup languages. The fundamentals of markup languages were created in SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) [6] descended from GML (name comes from first letters of surnames of authors: Goldfarb, Mosher, Lorie, later renamed as Generalized Markup Language) developed at IBM [15]. Markups are usually focused on: - documents (tags: title, abstract, keywords, menu, footnote etc.) e.g. latex [14], - objects (e.g. OSL), - internet pages (tags used in html, xml – based on SGML [8] rules), - data (e.g. structured data markup: microdata, microformat, RFDa [13],YAML [12]).
    [Show full text]
  • The Golden Ratio
    Mathematical Puzzle Sessions Cornell University, Spring 2012 1 Φ: The Golden Ratio p 1 + 5 The golden ratio is the number Φ = ≈ 1:618033989. (The greek letter Φ used to 2 represent this number is pronounced \fee".) Where does the number Φ come from? Suppose a line is broken into two pieces, one of length a and the other of length b (so the total length is a + b), and a and b are chosen in a very specific way: a and b are chosen so that the ratio of a + b to a and the ratio of a to b are equal. a b a + b a ! a b a+b a It turns out that if a and b satisfy this property so that a = b then the ratios are equal to the number Φ! It is called the golden ratio because among the ancient Greeks it was thought that this ratio is the most pleasing to the eye. a Try This! You can verify that if the two ratios are equal then b = Φ yourself with a bit of careful algebra. Let a = 1 and use the quadratic equation to find the value of b that makes 1 the two ratios equal. If you successfully worked out the value of b you should find b = Φ. The Golden Rectangle A rectangle is called a golden rectangle if the ratio of the sides of the rectangle is equal to Φ, like the one shown below. 1 Φ p 1 −1+ 5 If the ratio of the sides is Φ = 2 this is also considered a golden rectangle.
    [Show full text]
  • Geometry and Art & Architecture
    CHARACTERISTICS AND INTERRELATIONS OF FORMS ARCH 115 Instructor: F. Oya KUYUMCU Mathematics in Architecture • Mathematics can, broadly speaking, be subdivided into to study of quantity - arithmetic structure – algebra space – geometry and change – analysis. In addition to these main concerns, there are also sub-divisions dedicated to exploring links from the heart of mathematics to other field. to logic, to set theory (foundations) to the empirical mathematics of the various sciences to the rigorous study of uncertanity Lecture Topics . Mathematics and Architecture are wholly related with each other. All architectural products from the door to the building cover a place in space. So, all architectural elements have a volume. One of the study field of mathematics, name is geometry is totally concern this kind of various dimensional forms such as two or three or four. If you know geometry well, you can create true shapes and forms for architecture. For this reason, in this course, first we’ll look to the field of geometry especially two and three dimensions. Our second goal will be learning construction (drawing) of this two or three dimensional forms. • Architects intentionally or accidently use ratio and mathematical proportions to shape buildings. So, our third goal will be learning some mathematical concepts like ratio and proportions. • In this course, we explore the many places where the fields of art, architecture and mathematics. For this aim, we’ll try to learn concepts related to these fields like tetractys, magic squares, fractals, penrose tilling, cosmic rythms etc. • We will expose to you to wide range of art covering a long historical period and great variety of styles from the Egyptians up to contemporary world of art and architecture.
    [Show full text]
  • A Note on Unbounded Apollonian Disk Packings
    A note on unbounded Apollonian disk packings Jerzy Kocik Department of Mathematics Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL62901 [email protected] (version 6 Jan 2019) Abstract A construction and algebraic characterization of two unbounded Apollonian Disk packings in the plane and the half-plane are presented. Both turn out to involve the golden ratio. Keywords: Unbounded Apollonian disk packing, golden ratio, Descartes configuration, Kepler’s triangle. 1 Introduction We present two examples of unbounded Apollonian disk packings, one that fills a half-plane and one that fills the whole plane (see Figures 3 and 7). Quite interestingly, both are related to the golden ratio. We start with a brief review of Apollonian disk packings, define “unbounded”, and fix notation and terminology. 14 14 6 6 11 3 11 949 9 4 9 2 2 1 1 1 11 11 arXiv:1910.05924v1 [math.MG] 14 Oct 2019 6 3 6 949 9 4 9 14 14 Figure 1: Apollonian Window (left) and Apollonian Belt (right). The Apollonian disk packing is a fractal arrangement of disks such that any of its three mutually tangent disks determine it by recursivly inscribing new disks in the curvy-triangular spaces that emerge between the disks. In such a context, the three initial disks are called a seed of the packing. Figure 1 shows for two most popular examples: the “Apollonian Window” and the “Apollonian Belt”. The num- bers inside the circles represent their curvatures (reciprocals of the radii). Note that the curvatures are integers; such arrangements are called integral Apollonian disk pack- ings; they are classified and their properties are still studied [3, 5, 6].
    [Show full text]
  • The Golden Relationships: an Exploration of Fibonacci Numbers and Phi
    The Golden Relationships: An Exploration of Fibonacci Numbers and Phi Anthony Rayvon Watson Faculty Advisor: Paul Manos Duke University Biology Department April, 2017 This project was submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Graduate Liberal Studies Program in the Graduate School of Duke University. Copyright by Anthony Rayvon Watson 2017 Abstract The Greek letter Ø (Phi), represents one of the most mysterious numbers (1.618…) known to humankind. Historical reverence for Ø led to the monikers “The Golden Number” or “The Devine Proportion”. This simple, yet enigmatic number, is inseparably linked to the recursive mathematical sequence that produces Fibonacci numbers. Fibonacci numbers have fascinated and perplexed scholars, scientists, and the general public since they were first identified by Leonardo Fibonacci in his seminal work Liber Abacci in 1202. These transcendent numbers which are inextricably bound to the Golden Number, seemingly touch every aspect of plant, animal, and human existence. The most puzzling aspect of these numbers resides in their universal nature and our inability to explain their pervasiveness. An understanding of these numbers is often clouded by those who seemingly find Fibonacci or Golden Number associations in everything that exists. Indeed, undeniable relationships do exist; however, some represent aspirant thinking from the observer’s perspective. My work explores a number of cases where these relationships appear to exist and offers scholarly sources that either support or refute the claims. By analyzing research relating to biology, art, architecture, and other contrasting subject areas, I paint a broad picture illustrating the extensive nature of these numbers.
    [Show full text]
  • Mathematics of the Extratropical Cyclone Vortex in the Southern
    ACCESS Freely available online y & W OPEN log ea to th a e im r l F C o f r e o c l Journal of a a s n t r i n u g o J ISSN: 2332-2594 Climatology & Weather Forecasting Case Report Mathematics of the Extra-Tropical Cyclone Vortex in the Southern Atlantic Ocean Gobato R1*, Heidari A2, Mitra A3 1Green Land Landscaping and Gardening, Seedling Growth Laboratory, 86130-000, Parana, Brazil; 2Aculty of Chemistry, California South University, 14731 Comet St. Irvine, CA 92604, USA; 3Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 B.C. Road Kolkata, 700019, India ABSTRACT The characteristic shape of hurricanes, cyclones, typhoons is a spiral. There are several types of turns, and determining the characteristic equation of which spiral CB fits into is the goal of the work. In mathematics, a spiral is a curve which emanates from a point, moving farther away as it revolves around the point. An “explosive extra-tropical cyclone” is an atmospheric phenomenon that occurs when there is a very rapid drop in central atmospheric pressure. This phenomenon, with its characteristic of rapidly lowering the pressure in its interior, generates very intense winds and for this reason it is called explosive cyclone, bomb cyclone. It was determined the mathematical equation of the shape of the extratropical cyclone, being in the shape of a spiral called "Cotes' Spiral". In the case of Cyclone Bomb (CB), which formed in the south of the Atlantic Ocean, and passed through the south coast of Brazil in July 2020, causing great damages in several cities in the State of Santa Catarina.
    [Show full text]
  • Euclidean Geometry
    Euclidean Geometry Rich Cochrane Andrew McGettigan Fine Art Maths Centre Central Saint Martins http://maths.myblog.arts.ac.uk/ Reviewer: Prof Jeremy Gray, Open University October 2015 www.mathcentre.co.uk This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. 2 Contents Introduction 5 What's in this Booklet? 5 To the Student 6 To the Teacher 7 Toolkit 7 On Geogebra 8 Acknowledgements 10 Background Material 11 The Importance of Method 12 First Session: Tools, Methods, Attitudes & Goals 15 What is a Construction? 15 A Note on Lines 16 Copy a Line segment & Draw a Circle 17 Equilateral Triangle 23 Perpendicular Bisector 24 Angle Bisector 25 Angle Made by Lines 26 The Regular Hexagon 27 © Rich Cochrane & Andrew McGettigan Reviewer: Jeremy Gray www.mathcentre.co.uk Central Saint Martins, UAL Open University 3 Second Session: Parallel and Perpendicular 30 Addition & Subtraction of Lengths 30 Addition & Subtraction of Angles 33 Perpendicular Lines 35 Parallel Lines 39 Parallel Lines & Angles 42 Constructing Parallel Lines 44 Squares & Other Parallelograms 44 Division of a Line Segment into Several Parts 50 Thales' Theorem 52 Third Session: Making Sense of Area 53 Congruence, Measurement & Area 53 Zero, One & Two Dimensions 54 Congruent Triangles 54 Triangles & Parallelograms 56 Quadrature 58 Pythagoras' Theorem 58 A Quadrature Construction 64 Summing the Areas of Squares 67 Fourth Session: Tilings 69 The Idea of a Tiling 69 Euclidean & Related Tilings 69 Islamic Tilings 73 Further Tilings
    [Show full text]
  • Mathematics Extended Essay
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by TED Ankara College IB Thesis MATHEMATICS EXTENDED ESSAY “Relationship Between Mathematics and Art” Candidate Name: Zeynep AYGAR Candidate Number: 1129-018 Session: MAY 2013 Supervisor: Mehmet Emin ÖZER TED Ankara College Foundation High School ZEYNEP AYGAR D1129018 ABSTRACT For most of the people, mathematics is a school course with symbols and rules, which they suffer understanding and find difficult throughout their educational life, and even they find it useless in their daily life. Mathematics and arts, in general, are considered and put apart from each other. Mathematics represents truth, while art represents beauty. Mathematics has theories and proofs, but art depends on personal thought. Even though mathematics is a combination of symbols and rules, it has strong effects on daily life and art. It is obvious that those people dealing with strict rules of positive sciences only but nothing else suffer from the lack of emotion. Art has no meaning for them. On the other hand, artists unaware of the rules controlling the whole universe are living in a utopic world. However, a man should be aware both of the real world and emotional world in order to become happy in his life. In order to achieve that he needs two things: mathematics and art. Mathematics is the reflection of the physical world in human mind. Art is a mirror of human spirit. While mathematics showing physical world, art reveals inner world. Then it is not wrong to say that they have strong relations since they both have great effects on human beings.
    [Show full text]
  • Fibonacci Sequence and the Golden Ratio
    Fibonacci Sequence and the Golden Ratio Developed as part of Complementary Learning: Arts-integrated Math and Science Curricula generously funded by the Martha Holden Jennings Foundation Introduction: In this lesson students will learn about the Fibonacci sequence and the golden ratio. They will see the appearance of these numbers in art, architecture, and nature. Grade Level and Subject Area: Grades 9-12. Geometry Key Concepts: Fibonacci Sequence: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13… This sequence follows the pattern Fn=Fn-1+Fn-2 Golden Ration (Phi): 1.61803399… Objectives: Students will be able to • Derive the Fibonacci sequence from the “rabbit” problem • Approximate the limit of F/Fn-1. • Determine how close a ratio is to phi • Determine that phi is an irrational number Materials: • Smart Board (or some sort of projector) • Paper and Pencils • Rulers and Compasses • “Fibonacci Sequence Limit” (word document) • “Golden Ration Exploration Field Trip” (excel) • “Fibonacci and Golden Rectangle” (PowerPoint) • “Art Museum Reflective Questions” (document) • Pieces of Art: o Portrait of Lisa Colt Curtis, John Singer Sargent o Polyhymnia, Muse of Eloquence, Charles Meynier o Apollo, God of Light, Eloquence, Poetry and the Fine Arts with Urania, Muse of Astronomy, Charles Meynier o Head of Amenhotep III Wearing the Blue Crown o Portrait of Tieleman Roosterman o Chair o Ebony Cabinet • Golden Spiral Windows: Golden Spirals drawn on transparencies with permanent marker. About 2 per transparency. Procedure: Lesson will take 2 days. The first day will contain part 1 and part 2. The second day will contain part 3. Part 1: Introduction Lesson Students will answer the following question and derive the Fibonacci sequence Starting with one pair of rabbits, how many rabbits will there be at the beginning of each month if the rabbits can breed after two months and none of the rabbits die? After they find the pattern discuss the occurrences of these numbers in nature.
    [Show full text]
  • The Architecture of Starch Blocklets Follows Phyllotaxic Rules Francesco Spinozzi1, Claudio Ferrero2 & Serge Perez3*
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The architecture of starch blocklets follows phyllotaxic rules Francesco Spinozzi1, Claudio Ferrero2 & Serge Perez3* The starch granule is Nature’s way to store energy in green plants over long periods. Irrespective of their origins, starches display distinct structural features that are the fngerprints of levels of organization over six orders of magnitude. We hypothesized that Nature retains hierarchical material structures at all levels and that some general rules control the morphogenesis of these structures. We considered the occurrence of a «phyllotaxis» like features that would develop at scales ranging from nano to micrometres, and developed a novel geometric model capable of building complex structures from simple components. We applied it, according to the Fibonacci Golden Angle, to form several Golden Spirals, and derived theoretical models to simulate scattering patterns. A GSE, constructed with elements made up of parallel stranded double-helices, displayed shapes, sizes and high compactness reminiscent of the most intriguing structural element: the ‘blocklet’. From the convergence between the experimental fndings and the theoretical construction, we suggest that the «phyllotactic» model represents an amylopectin macromolecule, with a high molecular weight. Our results ofer a new vision to some previous models of starch. They complete a consistent description of the levels of organization over four orders of magnitude of the starch granule. Green plants and algae produce starch for energy storage over long periods. In photosynthetic tissues, starch is synthesized in a temporary storage form during the day, since its degradation takes place at night to sustain meta- bolic events and energy production. For long time storage, in non-photosynthetic tissues found in seeds tubers, roots etc, the synthesis occurs in amyloplasts.
    [Show full text]