Poor Grade of Paper , since about 1850 are printed on poor-quality paper. Made of as ground wood or mechanical wood pulp, tends to become discolored, brittle, and acidic over time and easily tear when handled. History of Local Newspapers

(Note: To simulate the News-Letter First Legal appearance of early The first legal newspaper, the Boston News-Letter, newspapers, there are 4 began on Apr. 24,1704. John Campbell, a Boston columns on each folio postmaster, was the first editor and publisher. Is (page), topics have sued weekly, it was a single page, 2 columns, with headlines, lines separate text printed on both sides. legs (columns) and hori- ______The News-Letter main- Stagecoaches, Visitors zontal rules end each ly had news from London Brought Newspapers item.) journals and news about The earliest newspapers various Boston events to reach the Hamlet and the European wars. came from Boston and It also had listings for Boston's First Newspaper Was Illegal Salem. Travellers left ship arrivals, deaths, ser- In 1690, Boston printer book, pamphlet or other them at the tavern and mons, political appoint- Benjamin Harris illegally matter whatsoever" to be with friends they visited. ments, fires and acci- produced the first issue printed without the gov- Locals mainly heard dents. of Publick Occurrences, ernor's "especial leave news about the town and There were no adver- the first multi-age news- and license first ob- surrounding areas, at the tisements. paper published in the tained." Harris had no Sabbath meetings and American colonies. license. All copies found the tavern. Later, when Campbell sold the A British law was that, of the Publick Occur- the town had a post of- News-Letter at his post "no person [was to] keep rences were destroyed. fice, some people had Bo office, likely for a penny. a printing-press for print- One copy survived and is Boston newspapers sent ______ing nor [was] any ⇒ in the British Library. to their post office box. So ends this leg ______Treasures of Hamilton History – Local Newspapers Pg. 1 Random Hamilton 1839 – Eastern Railroad ex- Salem Evening News of 1880 News Appeared tended to Hamilton. Became Salem News in 2002 1843 – Meetinghouse rebuilt. There was enough news Toward the end of the 1860 – Asbury Grove Method- The News, sold to the th 19 century, a few local ist Camp Ground opened. to cover and enough ad- Ottaway Co. in 1994, papers began to occa- 1869 – Hamilton House Hotel vertising to cover costs merged with the Beverly sionally publish articles opened on √ Main St. for a daily newspaper to Times and the Peabody about Hamilton. Many of 1886 – Voted to prohibit liquor begin in 1880. Times. these articles were sales. 1883 - Myopia Hunt The Salem Evening On Aug. 19, 2002, the about the new religious Club, Hamilton, began. News mantra was to pro- name of the Salem paper camp-ground in the As- 1872- Chebacco House open- vide" "the truthful and changed to Salem News ed. bury Grove area of Ham- plain-spoken advocacy of (dropping the 'evening'). 1886 – Horsecar service ex- the interest of the citizens ilton. tended into Hamilton. In 2005, the Eagle- of Salem, and to furnish a Major Hamilton news 1888 – Town installed clock in Tribune Publishing Co. of in the 1800s was: meetinghouse steeple. reliable record of all the North Andover bought 1793 - Hamilton became a 1888 – Wennepoyken House fresh news in the vicini- . separate town from Ipswich opened. ty," Later that year, Com- 182? – Thomas Manning Mill 1896 – Hamilton established a Frank C. Damon was munity Newspaper Hold- opened. ⇒ fire company. the city editor. and was ings bought the Eagle- ______connected with the paper Tribune Publishing Co. Newspapers Mailed from the beginning. ______Zion's Herald to Some in Hamilton Its longtime headquar- Many Newspapers 1823-2011 For news New England, ters was at 159-189 A newspaper reaching the country and Europe, Started in the 1800s Washington St., They In the 1800s, a great the many people that an- some people had news- moved to Beverly in the nually went to Hamilton's papers from Boston and many newspapers be- 1990's. ⇒ gan. Most existed for only Asbury Grove was the New York mailed to ______Zion's Herald. them. a short time. There were more than Founded by a group of Hamilton's Austin Ipswich Chronicle lay Methodists, The Zi- a dozen newspapers in Brown (1820-1908) sub- 1872-Current on's Herald was a weekly scribed to: the Essex Salem, including: . journal. It had 3 columns County Mercury (“made The Ipswich Chronicle, a Salem Impartial Register, 1800-1801 on 8 pgs., each 17x24 in. up from the reading mat- weekly, began in 1872. , 1802-1918 By 1883, its circulation ter of the Salem Ga- Edward Davenport and Frederick Goodwin were , 1824-1895 was up to 15,000. Alonzo zette,” subscription $1.50 Salem Literary and Commer- S. Weed printed and dis- a year), the Boston Jour- the first publishers. cial Observer, 1825-1827 tributed to nal ($1 yearly), the tri- About 1875, I.J. Potter , 1871-Current subscribers for $2.50/yr. weekly New York Tribune acquired the newspaper. Many more were in The Herald primarily ($1.50 yearly) and the With his brother, J. M. Ipswich, such as: was "devoted to religion Salem Evening News. Potter, they also pub- Ipswich Register, 1837-1839 and moral subjects;" ______lished the Amesbury Vil- Ipswich Bulletin, 1866- 1868 however, it also carried lager, Lynn Reporter, Ipswich Advance, 1871- 1872 departments for women, Advertisers Pay the Lynn Bee and the Yan- Ipswich Chronicle, 1872 children and book re- Bills, Not Readers kee Blade of Boston. Ipswich News and Chronicle , views. Newspapers survived by The Ipswich Chronicle 1936-1945 advertising income, not had articles about the Ipswich Independent, 1882- Contents also included 1912 by what people paid to Hamlet district of Ipswich short sermons, poetry, Ipswich Today , 1970-1983 get them. Local stores and later, when the Ham- biography, and political, As population grew, and businesses bought let became the town of literary, and scientific there were morning and advertisements in the Hamilton, including a news items. afternoon newspapers. newspapers to reach long article about the It was strongly op- Morning papers had their customers. To be opening of the town hall posed to slavery. The news from the previous successful, a newspaper in 1897. Herald also advocated afternoon and night; the needed a large circula- In 2006, Gate House temperance and women's evening papers had mor- tion of local readers. Media acquired the Ips- rights. ning and afternoon news. wich Chronicle.

______Treasures of Hamilton History – Local Newspapers Pg. 2 Wenham-Hamilton At the time Hamilton Times, 1892-1902 had a population of less In 1892, Albert Vittum than 1,000 and Wenham published the Wenham- was less than 900. Nei- Hamilton Times and the ther town had many retail Asbury Grove Cottager. businesses. In October 1893, the The WHT ceased pub- first issue of the WHT lication in 1902. had a 6-column folio, but Vittum also published later in the year was en- the Beverly Evening larged to 7 columns. 15 x Times, the Essex County 22, 8 pg. Mercury and the Beverly Vittum printed 125 Weekly Times. copies of the WHT, at his ______Beverly plant. In May Wenham-Hamilton 1899, there were 24 sub- Star, 1894-1895 scribers to the WHT in The Wenham-Hamilton Railroad Ave. Paper Store Hamilton's Hamilton and Wenham Star was a brief competi- Hub of Newspaper Distribution had an unknown number. tor to the Wenham-Ham- For many years from 1937 to about 1995, most ⇒ ilton Times. The Salem newspapers in Hamilton and Wenham were dis- Register published the tributed from the Paper Store on Railroad Ave. Beverly Citizen Star in 1894 and 1895. A visit to the paper store, for many people, was 1851-current Like the Times, the Star was an 8-pg. weekly a daily must. They knew when, the morning and Mar. 28 1851, the Bever- and its size was 15 in. x afternoon Boston newspapers would be dropped ly Citizen was the first 22 in. Likely, the Star was off at the train station. They would get the papers, newspaper published in placed at the shops offer- perhaps have a coffee or cold tonic, and chit–chat Beverly. It was a 6- with other locals. ing the Times. column, 25 x 32-in. folio, ______Near the paper store entrance, there was a printed in Boston. Arthur red, wood, wheelbarrow. People would sit on the F Wales, the publisher, Beverly Evening wagon, when its sidewalls were removed, and had an express delivery Times, 1893-1964 read the day's paper; however, its main use was business between Bev- The paper began as a 6- to cart bundles of the day's Boston newspapers column folio. at close of 30 erly and Boston. from the train depot. Competitors were a the first year, it was 7 col- From 1970 to 1977, Phil Hanson of Hamilton couple of Salem news- umns; and at the end of leased the building. He ran a paper store, in second year, it was 8. 30 papers, which had been which there was a lunch counter. published for more than Established with 600 Before Hanson, Neil T. Crockett, who owned 20 years. subscribers, the Beverly the Hamilton–Wenham News Agency, a newspa- 30 In 1855, John B. Evening Times, within 6 per distribution service, ran the shop. Crockett Cressy purchased the months had a circulation bought the business in 1957 from Samuel S. 205 business and began of 1,000. Conary, a Wenham selectman. Conary left the printing it in Beverly. In 1964, Evening was selectman's office, in 1947, to buy the paper store Irving W Allen pur- dropped from the name. It and property from Earl E. Johnson of Hamilton. chased the Citizen in closed in 1995, when the In 1937, Johnson razed the original building on 1881. George Chinn was owner, Ottaway Newspa- this site and erected the paper store building. He the editor and he was pers, acquired the Salem opened a store selling Boston and local newspa- followed by J. Herman Evening News and pers, as well as candy, ice cream, tonic, maga- 203 Carver of Newburyport. merged its Beverly and zines, and tobacco. In December 1892, Peabody papers into the Johnson's paper store also was the distribution Charles A. King pur- Salem paper. center for newspapers to houses in Wenham and chased the paper. It con- Noted journalist Ben Hamilton. He hired boys to deliver papers to as- tinued until June 1919, Bradlee started his career signed routes. when King halted publi- as a copy boy, in the ______cation. 1930s, at the Beverly ______Evening______Times. ______Treasures of Hamilton History – Local Newspapers Pg. 3 Many Newspaper being a 3-story hen Hamilton-Wenham Chronicle, 1949-Current Correspondents house on the Meadow- Vol. 1, No. 1 of the Ham- There was no home Articles about develop- brook Farm on Highland ilton-Wenham Chronicle delivery, either by mail or ments in nearby towns Street, in Hamilton. was published Sep. 30, delivery boys. Distribu- came from independent A 1900 Wenham- 1949. The editor was tion, on Thursdays, was correspondents. They Hamilton Times article Morley L. Piper, who only by sales at local were paid by column noted that "in some cas- lived on Orchard Rd. stores in Hamilton, Wen- inch of the published in- es it is not safe for the Correspondents were: ham and nearby towns. formation they submit- unknown men, who ap- Ann Neary, Thelma Gra- Typically, about 1,200 ted. pear at the various ham and Jimmy Dodge, copies were sold, for a Knowing that in laying farmhouses, to be taken of Hamilton, and Norma nickel. out of printed pages in and fed." Flynn of Wenham. Ella Editor Piper left the there often would be ______Johnson of Hamilton H-W Chronicle in 1952. short gaps at the bottom Salem Register handled advertising. He went to work at the of a column and be- 1800-1911 Piper and Johnson Boston Globe, in Boston, tween articles, corre- Written for working class worked in a room on the in the sales department. spondents submitted it opposed views of the first floor of the house on The Ipswich Chroni- small filler items with Salem Gazette that had the corner of Railroad cle Publishing sold the quirky topics. many wealthy readers. Ave. and Willow St. The H-W Chronicle to North In an 1889 issue of From 1807-1840, when correspondents worked Shore Weeklies, which the Salem Gazette, on Essex St., it was the at their homes. was sold to Fidelity In- there was a short item Essex Register. "At first," Piper said, vestments, in 1986. commenting on there ⇒ ______"town officials were re- Which in 1991, created luctant to provide infor- Community Newspaper Searching the Net for News mation. They did not Co., a holding company want to talk to the press. for several media prop- Digital news transmission patch, e.g., the Hamilton began in the mid 1990s. As the officials and other erties. In 2001, Fidelity and Wenham patch. people became more sold CNC, to the Boston Many print news sources Gates only covered familiar with the paper, Herald. In 2006, Gate started using the Internet, the H-W patch for news. news was brought to of- House Media acquired along with their paper dis- The content expanded fice." CNC. tribution. Broadcast news throughout each day. also was adding Internet When news stories were The writing was news distribution. removed from the Patch, style, with focus on re- The Salem News and they were transferred to porting the "who, what, the Hamilton-Wenham an archive the Patch where, when and why" Chronicle were early local maintained. of a development, de- sources of so-called digi- The Patch was free. void of the writer's opin- tal news. Both created Income came from small ions and comments. rmer CNC. websites for readers to ads inserted among the The H-W Chronicle get local news. digital news stories. was a venture of the In September 2010, For various economic Ipswich Chronicle Pub- the Hamilton-Wenham reasons, local digital lishing Co., which was Patch became the first news service has greatly established in 1872. local news source only changed. No longer is The H-W Chronicle was available via the Internet. there a dedicated editor. printed at the Ipswich Robert B. "Bobby" Gates First issue, Hamilton-Wen- Digital news publishers Chronicle plant. was the first editor. ham Chronicle, Sep. 30, 1949 now have a large staff of When introduced, the The Patch Media Co. editors, all writing for ______began the H-W Patch. At H-W Chronicle had many different outlets. broad-sheet-size pages Beverly Chronicle the time, it was a subsidi- Digital news no longer (29 x 22 in.). The pages Just a Year, 1890 ary of AOL. The name is free. Further, recipients, had 7 columns and typi- W. C. Trump published "patch" was intended to called visitors, need pro- signify that the news was cally had 9 or more arti- the Beverly Chronicle on vide personal information, Saturdays. Lasted for only for a specific ⇒ cles per page. Each is- in addition to their email less than a year in 1890. address. sue had 8 pages. ⇒ ______Jack Hauck, Jan. 2019 ______Treasures of Hamilton History – Local Newspapers Pg. 4