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The Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine iltshire Archaeological d Natural History Magazine Volume 89 1996 THE WILTSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY MAGAZINE VOLUME 89 1996 This volume of the Magazine is dedicated, with affection and gratitude, to the memory of Margaret Guido, FSA, Vice-President of the Society, who died on 8 September 1994. Published by Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society 41 Long Street Devizes SN10 INS Telephone (01380) 727369 Registered Charity Commission No. 309534 V.A.T. No. 140 2791 91 THE WILTSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY MAGAZINE VOLUME 89 (1996) ISSN 0262 6608 © Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society and authors 1996 Editor: Kate Fielden, BA, D.Phil. Hon. Natural History Editor: Patrick Dillon, B.Ed., Ph.D., C.Biol., MIBiol., FLS Hon. Local History Editor: James Thomas, BA, Ph.D, FRHist.S Hon. Reviews Editor: Michael Marshman, ALA Editorial Assistant: Lorna Haycock, BA, Dip.ELH, Cert. Ed. Change of Title The journals issued to volume 69 as parts of The Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine (Part A Natural History; Part B Archaeology and Local History) were from volumes 70 to 75 published under separate titles as The Wiltshire Natural History Magazine and The Wiltshire Archaeological Magazine. With volume 76 the magazine reverted to its combined form and title. We acknowledge with thanks publication grants for this volume from the following bodies: The Gleeson Group pic, for the paper 'Prehistoric Sites and a Romano-British Settlement at Butterfield Down, Amesbury' by Mick Rawlings and A.P. Fitzpatrick; Esso Petroleum Co. Ltd, for the paper 'A Romano-British Farmstead and Associated Burials at Maddington Farm, Shrewton' by Jacqueline I. McKinley and Michael Heaton; and the Council for British Archaeology for Graham Brown's paper 'West Chisenbury: Settlement and Land-use in a Chalk Downland Landscape'. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Society and authors. Origination by Avonset, Midsomer Norton, Bath Set in Plantin Printed in Great Britain by The Looseleaf Company, Melksham, Wiltshire WILTSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY COUNCIL AND OFFICERS (31 July 1995) PRESIDENT Professor S. Piggott, CBE, FBA, FSA VICE-PRESIDENTS FOUNDATION TRUSTEES Professor W.H. Dowdeswell, MA, FIBiol. B.H.C. Sykes, MA R.G. Hum R.G. Hum N. Davey, QBE, Ph.D., DSc., FSA H.F Seymour, BA Dr T.K. Maurice, OBE J.F. Phillips, B.Sc. Chairman N. de l'E. W.Thomas, MA, FSA (1993) Deputy Chairman Professor W.H. Dowdeswell, MA, FIBiol. (1992) Elected Members Dr C.A. Shell, MA, MMet. (1990) C.J. Gingell (1992) M.J. Smith, BA, FICE (1990) Miss S.F. Rooke (1992) D.J. Williams, MA (1990) N. de l'E.W. Thomas, MA, FSA (1992) F.K. Annable, BA, FSA, FMA (1991) Ms A. Borthwick (1993) Mrs S.J. Buxton (1991) L. Luckctt, BA (1993) E. Elliott, B.Sc, F.B.Ps.S. (1991) C.J. Perraton, MA, CBiol., MIBiol. (1993) J.M.G. Kirkaldy, Ph.D, M.Sc. (Econ.) (1991) D.N. Shelton, BA, B.Sc, Dip.Ed., FRGS (1993) N.J. Anderson (1992) Lt Col C. Chamberlain (1994) Ex-officio Members Mrs G. Swanton, BA, Dip. Ad. Ed. Chairman, Archaeology Committee Miss K.J. Fielden, D.Phil. Chairman, Buildings & Monuments Committee and Editor *Mrs P. Slocombe, BA Chairman, Industrial Archaeology Committee Mrs G. Learner, BA Chairman, Library Committee Mrs P. Sneyd, Ph.D, B.Sc, CBiol., MIBiol. Chairman, Natural History Committee *D.J. Williams, MA Chairman, Programme Committee R.S. Webber Hon. Treasurer (desig.) D. Rowe, Dip. Ed., Cert. Ed. Hon. Publicity Officer R.C. Hatchwell, FSA Hon. Keeper of Prints and Drawings Nominated Members Mrs D.J. Main, Miss D.J. Matthews and A.H. Goring Members, Wiltshire County Council A.R. Taylor Member, Devizes Town Council T.R. O'Sullivan Member, Kennet District Council A. P. Bishop Member, North Wiltshire District Council T. Carbin Member, West Wiltshire District Council Mrs P. Slocombe, BA Wiltshire Buildings Record R.L. Pybus, MA, FLA, FBIM, MILAM, FRSA Director, WCC Library & Museum Service PR. Saunders, BA, FSA, FMA Curator, Salisbury & South Wiltshire Museum *also Elected or Nominated Member OFFICERS Secretary P.M. McG Coston Curator PH. Robinson, Ph.D, FSA, AMA Assistant Curator Miss A.J. Hoog, BA, MA Assistant Curator (Natural Sciences) A.S. Tucker, B.Sc. Assistant Curator (Biological Recorder) Miss S. Scott-White, MA Sandell Librarian Mrs P. Colman, Dip. ELH, FRSA Assistant Librarian Mrs L. Haycock, BA, Dip. ELH, Cert. Ed. Contents Prehistoric Sites and a Romano-British Settlement at Butterfield Down, Amesbury 1 by MICK RAWLINGS and A. P. FITZPATRICK with contributions by D.A. ALLEN, MICHAEL J. ALLEN, A BURNETT, ROSAMUND M.J.CLEAL, M.CORNEY, ANDREW CROCKETT, S.M.DUGGAN, J.EGERTON, M. FAIRBROTHER, P.A. HARDING, M. HENIG, J.I. MILLARD and SARAH F. WYLES A Romano-British Farmstead and Associated Burials at Maddington Farm, Shrewton 44 by JACQUELINE I. MCKINLEY and MICHAEL HEATON with contributions by RACHAEL SEAGER SMITH, DAVID MURDIE, MICHAEL J. ALLEN, JOHN A. DAVIES, S. HAMILTON-DYER, P. HINTON and R. MONTAGUE West Chisenbury: Settlement and Land-use in a Chalk Downland Landscape 73 by GRAHAM BROWN Royal Itineraries and Medieval Routes 84 by NORMAN HIDDEN Wiltshire Deer Parks: An Introductory Survey 88 by KENNETH WATTS William Lisle Bowles: The Making of the Bard of Bremhill 99 by DOREEN SLATTER A Provisional Checklist of Fossil Insects from the Purbeck Group of Wiltshire 106 by A.J. ROSS and E.A. JARZEMBOWSKI The Common Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) in Wiltshire, 1994 1 16 by JACK OLIVER Notes 130 An Early Anglo-Saxon Wrist-clasp from the Parish of Baydon by JOHN HINES 1 30 The Identification of Alentone/Allentone in Wiltshire Domesday by JASON ST. JOHN NICHOLLE 1 32 The Silver Seal-matrix of Geve of Calstone by JOHN CHERRY 1 34 A Medieval Heraldic Roundel from Potterne by PAUL ROBINSON 136 An Addition to the Stourhead Canon by ROBERT J. MAYHEW 138 Pen Pits and Sir Arthur Bliss by RAYMOND J. SKINNER 1 39 Excavation and Fieldwork in Wiltshire 1994 144 1 Reviews 154 Michael Aston and Carenza Lewis (editors), The Medieval Landscape of Wessex (JOHN CHANDLER) 154 Richard Bradley, Roy Entwistle and Frances Raymond, Prehistoric Land Divisions on Salisbury Plain. The Work of the Wessex Linear Ditches Project (MARK CORNEY) 155 D.A. Crowley (editor), A History of Wiltshire, VCH Vol. 15: Amesbury Hundred and Branch and Dole Hundred (K.H. ROGERS) 1 56 A.R Fitzpatrick and E.L. Morris (editors), The Iron Age in Wessex: Recent Work (ROY CANHAM) 157 J.K. Kirby (editor), The Hungerford Cartulary (STEVEN HOBBS) 157 Michael Parsons, Farley with Pitton, Vols. 1-11 (MICHAEL MARSHMAN) 159 FE. Warneford (editor), Warneford Star Chamber Suits, WRS Vol.48 (STEVEN HOBBS) 1 59 Obituaries 161 Richard Atkinson, CBE 1 6 Grace Fairhurst 161 Leslie Grinsell, OBE 162 Peggy Guido 1 63 Index 165 THE WILTSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY The Society was founded in 1853. Its activities include the promotion of the study of archaeology (including industrial archaeology), history, natural history and architecture within the county; the issue of a Magazine, and other publications, and the maintenance of a Museum, Library, and Art Gallery. There is a programme of lectures and excursions to places of archaeological, historical and scientific interest. The Society also maintains the Wiltshire Biological Records Centre at the Museum. The Society's Museum contains important collections relating to the history of man in Wiltshire from earliest times to the present day, as well as the geology and natural history of the county. It is particularly well known for its prehistoric collections. The Library houses a comprehensive collection of books, articles, pictures, prints, drawings and photographs relating to Wiltshire. The Society welcomes the gift of local objects, printed material, paintings and photographs to add to the collections. The Wiltshire Archaeological arid Natural History Magazine is the annual journal of the Society and is issued free to its members. For information about the availability of back numbers and other publications of the Society, enquiry should be made to the Secretary. Contributions for the Magazine should be on subjects related to the archaeology, history or natural history of Wiltshire. There is no fixed length. Papers, notes and reviews should be typed on one side of a page only, with good margins and double spacing. The style for footnotes, references and so on should be that found in this issue. The author-date system is preferred for references and footnotes should be avoided unless essential. Contributions of article length should be accompanied by a summary of about 100 words. Two copies, one of which is a top copy, should be sent to the editor at the Museum, 41 Long Street, Devizes, Wiltshire, SN10 INS. A further copy should also be retained by the author. The editor and subject editors will be pleased to advise and discuss with intending contributors at any stage during the preparation of their work. They will also supply notes, if requested, which may be helpful in explaining house style and in giving advice on the compilation of references and bibliographies, and the preparation of illustrations. Proofs: authors will receive galley proofs only. Offprints: ten offprints of each article will be given free or shared between joint authors of articles (not notes or reviews). Further offprints may be ordered from the printer at galley proof stage, when prices will be indicated. Publication by the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society does not imply that the Society endorses the views expressed; the factual content and the opinions presented herein remain the responsibility of the authors.
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