11420 EXTENSIONS OF,REMARKS May 5, 1969 DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICP: Harold M.· Grindle, of Iowa, to be U.S. Robert K. · Fukuda·, of Hawall, to be U.S. :Louis 0. Bechtle~ of Pennsylvania, to be marshal for the southern ctistrlct of Iowa attorney for the district of Hawall for the U.S. attorney for the eastern district of Penn­ for the term of 4 years. . · term of 4 years: sylvania for the term of 4 years. BOARD OF PA.BOLE U.S. PATENT OFFICE Daniel Bartlett, Jr., of Missouri, to be U.S. attorney for the eastern district of Missouri George J. Reed, of Oregon, to be a member ·wuuiun E:. Schuyler, Jr., of Maryland,, to for the term of 4 years. of the Board of Parole for the term expiring be Commissioner of Paten ts. September 30, 1974. Richard Van Thomas, of Wyoming, to be DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND U.S. attorney for the district o.f Wyoming U.S. Omcurr COURT WELFARE for the term of 4 years. George E. MacKlruion, of Minnesota, to be James E. Allen, Jr., of New York, to be ·an Herbert F. Travers, Jr., of Massachusetts, to U.S. circuit judge for the District o! Colum­ Assistant Secretary or· Health, Education; . be U.S. attorney for the ctistrlct of Massa­ bia circuit. and Welfare. · chusetts for the term of 4 years. Roger Robb, of the District of Columbia, J.ames E. Allen, Jr., of New York, to be John W. stokes, Jr., of Georgia, to be U.S. to be U.S. circuit judge for the District of Commissioner of Education. attorney for the northern district of Georgia Columbia circuit. for the term o! 4 years. Brian P. Gettings, o! Virginla, to be U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE attorney for the eastern district of Virginia Shiro Ka.shiwa, o! Hawall, to be an Assist­ WITHDRAWAL for tbe term of 4 years. ant Attorney General. Executive nomination withdrawn from F. 1.,.. Peter Stone, of Delaware, to be U.S. Victor R. Ortega, of New Mexico, to be the Senate May 5, 1969: attorney for the district of Delaware for the U.S. attorney for the district of New Mexico term of 4 years. for the term of 4 years. . Govmmoit OJ' VIRGIN Isl.ANDS Blll Carnes Murray, of Georgia, to be U.S Thomas A. Flannery, . of Maryland, to be Peter A. Bove, of Vermont, to be Governor marshal for the northern district of Georgia U.S. attorney !or the District o! Columbia o! the Virgin Islands, which was sent to the for the term of 4 years. for the term o! 4 years. Senate on March 7, 1969.

. EXTE·NSION.S OF REMARKS

POLICE NEED UNDERSTANDING, Most evident o! these problems 1s the dif­ they are working in the best interests of HELP ficulty in convicting individuals who have individuals and society. been arrested for transgressing against the The media, o! course. should do a better laws of society. Many police omcers can cite job of explainlng these problems to the HON. EDWARD HUTCHINSON instances where individuals charged with public. The public should consider the prob­ OF KICHIGAN crimes were released o.n technicalities of lems a policeman has to face . and be more wording or procedures that, according to re­ understanding. Policemen won't always be· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cent judicial ruling, violated the individual's right, but they are doing what they believe Monday, May 5, 1969 rights. The issue in many such cases isn't ls right and best. They need help in preserv­ guilt or 1.nnocent, but how in!orm.a.tion was ing and !ortl!ying the social order, the demo­ Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. Speaker, un­ obtained, whether the individual was ap­ cratic life. der leave to extend my remarks, I in­ praised of his rights. or whether certain tech­ clude an editorial from the Niles (Mich.> nical procedures had been followed. Daily Star on April 10, describing an in­ The individual must be protected, but so NATIONAL MINERALS POLICY formative meeting between law enforce­ must society. At this point, many policemen believe society is su1fering because the in­ ment o:flicials and news media repre­ dividual ls being over protected. HON. GORDON ALLOTT sentatives held in my congressional dis­ The policeman's frustrations and problems OF COLOV..DO trict recently. The editorial confesses are heightened by the increased confronta­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES that most people do not know enough tion between various groups and omcial& about police problems and then outlines o! institutions and govern.xnent. These sit­ Monday, May 5, 1969 thqse that were discussed. Certainly uations dramatize the gray area where the Mr. ALLOTT. Mr. President, on April rights of individuals and the rights of society such meetings as this are being held all 18, J. Allen Overton~ Jr., of the American. over the country, and they should be en­ appear to clash. Mining Congress, delivered a most in­ couraged. Law o:flicers will find as citi­ The pollceman frequently 1s thrust into the role of the bad man when these confronta­ formative statement before the Mining zens' interest is aroused, that the great tions occur. Like a disciplined football player, Environmental Conference at Rolla, Mo. majority of the people will support them the policeman's job 1s to carry out advance Because Mr. Overton's address points in their essential function of criminal game plans, with possible alternatives, and up once again the essential responsibility law enforcement. operate according to existing rules (laws). that this Govenunent has for the devel­ The editorial follows: But, just as well disciplined football play­ opment of a healthy and growing min­ ers sometimes lose their cool, so do police­ erals industry, I ask unanimous consent [From the Niles (Mich.) Dally Star, men. Apr. 10, 1969] Imagine this scene, somewhat typical that his remarks be printed. in the POLICE NEED UNDERSTANDING, HELP these days: a group of 30 to 100 individuals RECORD. A meeting with area law enforcement of­ congregate to protest a situation, idea or I have been advocating for a long time ficers Tuesday to discuss media-police rela­ ruling~ The police are called to preserve the that Congress must begin to assert its tions emphasized a significant point--most peace and to protect individuals and prop­ responsibility in this field, and to this end citizens don't know enough about police erty. I have once again introduced proposed problems. However, unless the individuals violate a legislation in the 9 lst Congress t.o estab­ It was pointed out that less than 10 per law, the police must simply stand by. If a lish and develop a national minerals cent of the American people have observed or violation occurs, the police are obligated participated in court trials beyond the munic­ to exercise their responsiblllties as omcers policy. It is my firm belief that legisla­ ipal level. This lack of background in the ac­ of the law. This sometimes is diffi.cUlt to do. tion such as I have proposed, and which tual workings o! the judicial process has loo The protesting individuals often look on Mr. Overton and other leaders of the to some misunderstanding of the police­ the policeman as bad men-obstructions to mineral industry support, will assure a man's role in society and of h1s problems. achieving their wants or desires. Frequently healthy domestic mining industry which The judicial process is in constant flux and the police are taunted and subjected to foul will continue to contribute to the devel­ the policeman often ls frustrated by these la.nguag-e. Sometimes missiles of paper, rocks, opment of our great country. changes. The pendulum of justice has moved, cartons, etc. are thrown from the middle of in recent years, nearer to the side of the in­ the crowd. There being no objection, the remarks dividual. Many believe that it has moved too How much can or should a. policeman were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, far from center. Others contend that it had take? How much can or should a football as follows: to move because the lnd.ividual was being player take? In either· '!aSe that del>ends on MINING ENvm~NMENT4L CONFERENCE, Rchapel and necessary maintenance and util­ tion is submitted in accordance with the re­ cret Service Center at Beltsville will replace ity areas. quest of Mr. William A. Schmidt, Deputy those now in use at the National Arboretum. The new facility will be located on a site Commissioner, Public Buildings Service, re­ These facilities at the Arboretum, because of of approximately 50 acres which the Depart­ garding the proposed training facility to be safety and other considerations, will not ment of the Navy will make available for the constructed for this Bureau at Quantico, continue to be available for Secret Service purpose. The proposed location is adjacent Virginia. use. The Arboretum facilities, although to the outdoor firing range used by the FBI The enlargement of the FBI training fa­ maintained by the Secret Service, serve other and will consolidate the FBI training facility cilities, in the form of a new academy build­ activities. The total group which is served into one contiguous area. ing, is based principally on the President's includes Secret Service Special Agents as­ The site will provide sufficient space to desire a nd instructions that more assistance signed to protective details and the 213 provide a campus type setting for the Acad­ be extended local law enforcement in the members of the White House Police Force, emy building in addition to providing space fight against crime. This new facility is members of the Treasury Guard Force, all for athletic and drill fieids, garage and shop planned to accommodate the training of at Secret Service Special Agents attending the building for academy vehicles, power plant least 2,200 local law enforcement personnel Secret Service Special Agent School conduct­ for heating, airconditioning, and emergency annually, in addition to FBI personnel. The ed in the facilities of Treasury Law En­ power units, and roadways. To provide the u t ilizat ion of this new academy for training forcement School in downtown Washington, necessary security to the area the facility operations by other Federal investigative and investigators from all the Treasury en­ will be bounded with a perimeter fence. A agencies is impractical for several reasons. forcement agencies across the country dur­ paved parking area will be provided for ap­ The training given local law enforcement of­ ing the time they are in attendance at the proximately 500 vehicles for instructors, ficers necessarily covers a wide range of sub­ Treasury Basic School in Criminal Investiga­ students, and visitors. ject matter in order to assist them in tion, also conducted in the Treasury Law An impressive record hits been achieved by meeting their numerous responsibilities. On Enforcement School in downtown Wash­ the graduates of the FBI National Academy. the other hand, training curricula for the ington. They represent the nucleus of strength various Federal investigative agencies other The proposed Secret Service site, is there­ among law enforcement agencies in every than the FBI are, of necessity, highly spe­ fore, concerned with providing outdoor fire­ State of the Union; and year by year, the cialized because of varying jurisdictional in­ arms and other training to a police, guard, importance of their role in protecting the terest, responsibilities, and authority. Such and criminal investigator population which lives, welfare and rights of all citizens has training is not compatible with the various totals approximately 4,500. continued to grow. Since 1935, a total of courses given local law enforcement officers The training of Secret Service agents on 4,740 officers have completed the tuition-free and FBI Special Agents. Accordingly, each t he White House Detail and members of the course offered by the FBI. Of those graduates Federal agency must design specialized train­ White House Police Force must be scheduled still active in law enforcement, one out of ing programs equip its personnel to function in a manner which will not conflict with every three occupy executive positions in effectively on matters under the investigative their important daily mission of physical their departments. jursdiction of the agency. While the training protection. The facilities to be provided at The National Academy utilizes the same of FBI agents, local law enforcement officers Beltsville will therefore be scheduled nearly facilities as those used in the training and and Secret Service agents is compatible in a full time and use of the facilities at Quan- retraining programs which the FBI affords limited number of areas, there are many May 5, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF- REMARKS 11425• fields in which the wide responsibilties · a.nd was the most applauded item in his speeches. sent to · me by eighth-grade students to jurisdiction of the FBI and local police agen­ And after there was no political capital to commemorate the 10th anniversary of cies would be of little interest to the Secret make of it, he still kept the faith. When he Alaska statehood. Service. conceded . election night---he said: "Prom­ The proposed new FBI Academy is being inent in my thoughts tonight are the young I would like to share these poems with designed to operate at full capacity training people for whom we were trying to build a my colleagues as I believe many of them police officers and FBI personnel. In order "new politics" in Florida." will enjoy these poems as much as I to handle additional training for the Secret He would be pleased to see us this night have: Service or any other a.gency, the facilities and know that we-tocr-are keeping the COLD TO GOLD would require enlargement., including bed­ faith. The Bill of Rights was an overture to (By Ronald Ciaffaglione) room space, recreation areas, dining facilities, a symphony. It is still an unfinished sym­ Thought cold and barren and full of snow study areas, library facilities and the like. The phony, although we Americans h a ve been The Last Frontier t hey called you so. present FBI firearms ranges at Quantico, writing on it nearly 200 years. When disaster hit in memorable 1964 which will be utilized in the new academy Beethoven's Ninth Symphony-is called a All t he people their great brief bore. training program, cannot be expanded since Hymn to Brotherhood. Our unfinished the Marine Corps has permanent installations American symphony-finished-will be a The Kodiak bear so huge and strong on either side of the existing facilities. Under Hymn to Freedom. That is why we came to­ When we bought Alaska we weren't wrong our expanded training program these ranges night---to be collaborators with our fore­ So productive and mighty great will be used to capacity. It will, therefore, not fathers who wrote the great passages and Happy Anniversary, sister state! be possible to provide added firearms training movements that have gone before. unless additional ranges are constructed. For instance, when this country was THE LAST FRONTIER This, of course, would require a significant founded, all 13 states denied the right to (By Cornelius Griffin) expenditure of funds. vote to all except property owners. A great A training academy, to be effective, must be debate ensued. The Liberals said the right to T h e sun, the moon, the stars up there controlled administratively as a single entity. vote is a birthright. The Conservatives said Seem always to shine on the last frontier This includes all facets of its operations, in­ virtue follows property and only the virtuous The place of places, oh what a view cluding planning of curricula, scheduling of should vote. The Liberals won. And let's not forget the Caribou. classes, control of personnel, assignment of Universal manho09 suffrage was adopted. Oh how I wish that I were there instructors, and the like. This centralized Then came the debate over public education. To get a glimpse of the Kodiak Bear. control cannot exist if a number of agencies, The Liberals said all children should be Alaska was tortured by an earthquake each having varied investigative interests and educated. The Conservatives said--0nly an That land sure took a monstrous shake specially planned training curricula attempt elite few. The Liberals won. The walls fell and so did the floor to use the same training facility. The com­ The free public school system was created. In that destructive year of 1964. bining of training programs for the FBI and Next was the struggle over free enterprise. Secret Service would present obvious admin­ The Liberals said all men should have equal FROM RUSSIA WITH LoVE istrative difficulties. Law enforcement today, business opportunity. That our economic sys­ whether it be Federal or state, is a profes­ tem should be founded on competition-the (By Matthew Morra) sional service and training must be given corporations should be formed, at will, by an From Russia many acres were bought to each based on its particular needs and easy simple method. The Conservatives said An Arctic climate, it's useless, they thought demands. The FBI's wide range of jurisdic­ corporations should be created by special When Gold was discovered in '99 tion over the enforcement of Federal laws is legislative acts only. Its population started in climb similar in many respects to that of local That corporate charters should confer When Fairbanks produced it in 1903 police agencies. monopolies on the incorporators. During the The natives became as busy as bees In view of the difference in jurisdictional Jacksonian period, the Liberals won. The Today the forty-ninth star in Old Glory authority, the fact that the planned facility free enterprise system came into being. The Ask Mr. Seward, he'll tell you the story is large enough to accommodate only local contest swirled then around slavery. The Alaska, Alaska, how lovely and grand law enforcement and FBI personnel, the Liberals said slavery should be abolished. The biggest and nicest in U.S. land. limited capacity of our present range facili­ That all men were created free and equal­ ties and the need to exercise administrative and that slavery was a moral abomination. A.LASKA, CONGRATULATIONS control of the proposed academy by a single The Conservatives said that slaves are prop­ (By Teresa Fiorentino) agency, it is not felt that it would be practical erty-that property could not be taken from to try to include the training of Secret Service them by the Government---that blacks were Who can boast of a mighty peak personnel in the new FBI training academy to made inferior by God Almighty. The Liberals That in American cannot be beat be constructed at Quantico, Virginia. won. Slavery was abolished. Mount McKinley's 20,320 feet Sincerely yours, Next there came suffrage for women. The Is a mountain climber's treat. Liberals said-and this is still controversial­ Frolicking in the Land of Midnight Sun that women were sensible enough to vote. Lads grow up brave Alaskan sons The Conservatives said-perhaps rightfully Alaska, surely put us in a whirl Because you're as precious a~ a pearl NICHOLAS S. MASTERS: UNIQUE this time---the suffrage for women would un­ dermine the hallowed doctrine of masculine Congratulations, Sister state SPEAKER WITH A MESSAGE supremacy and it bas. From New York Empire State. The Liberals won-women's suffrage was granted. Now the great debate rages over the ALASKA HON. JENNINGS RANDOLPH right to vote for 18 year olds. The Liberals say (By Debra Robinson) OP WEST VIRGINIA young men who are old enough to fight and A is for appreciation for Russia's mistake IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES die for this country are old enough to partici­ L is for the land of the great Midnight Sun pate in the decisions that produce the wars A is for Anchorage its largest modern city Monday, May 5, 1969 in which they fight and die. S is for salmon its greatest industry Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. President, it re­ It is as certain as morning and as inevi t­ K is for Kuskokwim its second largest stream cently was my privilege to address a able as noon that this view will prevail. When A all things found in our Alaskan dream. forum in Jacksonville, Fla., on lowering it does, you will be able to say that you KODIAK worked in the vineyard. But even then the the voting age, sponsored by the Duval symphony will not be finished. There will be (By Joanne Coco) County Young Democrats. new freedoms always ahead. There will never On Friday, March 27th in the year 1964 Appearing on the same program was be a millennium, but there will be-and must A terrible earthquake shook Alaska's floor Nicholas S. Masters, an attorney from be social justice. Caught Kodiak Island with never a war ning Daytona Beach, Fla. Mr. Masters is a And brought dest ruction wit h some unique and forceful speaker, and he had mourning. an important message. Brought the Alaskan fishery a loss TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF ALASKA Of a $750 million cost I ask unanimous consent that Mr. STATEHOOD Its pride, joy and wealth Masters' remarks be printed in the Had to be brought back to healtn. RECORD. HON. HOWARD W. POLLOCK There being no objection, the remarks KODIAK OF ALASKA were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, OF ALASKA (By Dominic Adinolfi) IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as follows: The people of Kodiak one morning did wake Robert King High wa.s the Democratic Monday, May 5, 1969 To the roar of a Seismic Wave Earthquake; Nominee for G<>vernor in 1966. He coined the Some people clied, others were saved phrase "new politics." He knew it was the Mr. POLLOCK. Mr. Speaker, I was re­ But the flag of America still waved tide of the future and that young people cently privileged to receive from the Holy The City of Kodiak contributes to America; must be the builders of it. He made lower­ Family Civics Club in Bronx, N.Y., a A city, state that will always be great ing the voting age to 18, a campaign issue. It series of poems which were created and Kodiak, Alaska, a great city in a great state. 11426 EXTENSIONS' OF REMARKS May 5, 1969

SEISMIC WAVE STATE one of the fastest growing independent ·in.:. dormitory (Bl'oadhu.rst).. Helena Pouah Hall (By· Kevin Kennedy) stituti'Ons· of ' higher ·learning in New' Eng­ (a women·~ . dorm) an.g. Amaron Hall (class­ land. · fQOm bui~ding) were in the p,la1;ming stage. The peace of KOdiak saw its. grave . ·This· is also the story of one ··m.an;· a·' ttHin 1962-63; Ground was broken for Pouch When the Seismic Wave ushered the quake; who has devoted 15' years· of liis life tc» the Hali. Tiie increase 'in' female applications Brave Kodians rebuilt it, says the report presidency of American International Col­ prompted the 'college. to plan a second wom­ It's ~come United States' top fishing port. lege. Many of today's realities are the. result en's dormitory. Owen Street_' Hall was de~ of Adm. John F. Hines'. progressive approach molished to make room for Amaron Half. · KODIAK TRADEGY to not only the role of higher education in 1963-6'4: Ground. ~was · broken .for ,a new (By Thomas Mangan) the changing world, but . also the contribu­ men's, dormitory; Gwen Street •Ha.U. ,An ,im; Once New York had a Black Tuesday tions made to t:Q.is community by AIC under­ proveq group insurance a:r;id .pension pl.a;n was You had your Black Friday; gr~du,a~es, alumni, _fac111ty; and administra­ introduced. The FaGulty Lecture Committee Your Black Frlday was worse than ours tive staff. was formed. A Conference on Desegregation Because your homes were destroyed, not ours. A comment by Adm. Hines in his inaugural was held in May. Amaron Hall was completed address-"We must be certain of where we in June. ' Brave Alaskans rebuilt it since 1964 are going".:._is basically his philosophy and A better Kodiak than ever before; 1964-65 : Harry J. Courniotes· was appointed that of the college. vice president and Dr. John F. Mitchell acad­ Congratulations on all your efforts In 1953-54, when Adm. Hines became the But e!?pecially your tenth birthday. emic dean of AIC. Prof. Robert Hemond tenth president of AIC, he set goals for him­ helped to organize the Western Mass. Eco­ self and this college. During the past 15 nomic Education Council with headquarters ADM. JOHN F. HINES years-"The Growing Years"-many of these at AIC. Physical education joined the cur­ goals have been attained and others are on :i;icµlum. The Joint Civic Agencies of Sprii:i.g­ the drawing bo!=Lrd. field held a January.breakfast in the Campus HON. EDWARD P. BOLAND Here are some of the academic highlights Center. AIC hosted the National Joint Coun­ of "The Growing Years": · cil on Economic Education. Ground was OF MASSACHUSETTS 1953-54: Plans were made for a 38% in­ broken for the gym, Magna Hall (a women's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES crease in student enrollment by 1965. The worm) and the Dining Commons. A mall was post of academic dean created. AIC ·and Monday, May 5, 1969 w.as designed to connect Edgewood Gardens with Springfield Hospital affiliated for a senior State St. Mr. BOLAND. Mr. Speaker, Adm. course in biology. Several conferences were 1965-66 ~ . Three new buildings became a John F. Hines, president of American held on campus. Tuition was increased $30 reality-the Butova Gym, Magna Hall, and International College in Spring.field, to $480. the Dining Commons. The JCA held·its April 1954-55: Adm. Hines' first full year as breakfast in the .new Commons ppnoriµg Mass., is retiring next year. Admiral president saw the opening of the fifth year Hines, named president in 1954, has led several AIC s:tudents ~Faculty ;r..~c~ure_ Ser~es of the Bermuda Division at Kindley Air Force brought many notal!les to the can:ip~s. Th·e AIC through a remarkable period of Base to accommodate military personnel AIC Journal made its debut. Pi-eside~t Hitl~s growth over the past 15 years. Under his who desired a college education. Two pro­ was the keynote speaker at the National Se- leadership the college has made striking grams were offered·: Operation Bootstrap and curity Seminar. · - progress-in the size and scholastic Operation Midnight Oil. Construction was 1966-67: AIC, Springfield and Western New ability of its student body, in its physical started on a new science building: England Colleges embarked on a cQ~.S~­ 1955~56: A Ford Foundation grant was re­ sharing program. New courses were adq~d _i:µ plant, in its contributions to th_e com­ ceived to subsidize faculty salaries. -Richard munity. AIC is now one of the finest the Humanities and Dr. Arthur Bertrand's re­ Ullery was appointed Dean of Administra­ source-aides program attracted national at­ small colleges in the Northeast. Just one tion. On Oct. 20, at a special convocation tention. rir·. Charles W. Cole, former presi­ index of the affection and admiration marking 70 years of education, AIC awarded dent of Amherst College, became a consur­ AIC's students hold for Admiral Hines is honorary degre~s to Danny Kaye and Sir tant to the AIC Board of Trustees. Cbm­ the surprise "appreciation dinner" they Percy Spender of Australia. AIC and Spring­ mencement--on campus for the first 1;i1:ne--:­ held for him last week in the school's field College combined for a capital gift cam­ was held in the Butova· Gymnasium. . dining commons. It is refreshing-in­ paign. 1967-68: The 15th year of Adm. Hines.'. ad­ 1956- 57: AIC was successfully evaluated by deed, almost unique-to find a contem­ ministration: ~egan witl;l ground br_eaking for the New England Association of Colleges and the Breck Hall of Science. A teacher-certi­ porary college president who is praised Se_condary Schools. Tuition was raised $90 to by his students rather than pilloried. fication program, to . help relieve a t~aciier meet demands for quality education. Adm. shortage, was started with the Spri~!ffield With permission, Mr. Speaker, I put in Hines noted the growing role being played School System. On Oct. 31, AIC. flew the UN:i­ the RECORD at this point a Springpeld by the Federal Government in education and CEF Flag· iiesigned by. the late" wait, DWiey Union article describing the "Apprecia­ urged financial aid for students and income to ·officially ope~ the 1967 Trick:-or-':['~ea;t tax relief for parents. The Bermuda Branch tion dinner" and an excerpt from an AIC drive. In April, the Governor's Council he~d brochure outlining the school's growth was closed. Three new positions were created: its first meeting in history on the campus· of Director of the Evening and Summer Divi­ a private college-in our Campus· Center over the past 15 years: sions, Comptroller, and Plant Supervisor. The Audi~orium : WELL DoNE, ADMIRAL HINES science building was completed and planning Adm. John F. Hines, president of America:µ began for a men's dorm on the Edgewood. International College who is retiring Aug. 15, Gardens' campus. was saluted Thursday by the student body. 1957-58: An educational television series COLD-WEATHER HARDSHIPf:? Over 500 undergraduates of AIC surprised started on WHYN-TV. AIC held a community Adm. Hines at an appreciation dinner in his neighborhood night for families which in­ honor in the Dining Commons. cluded outdoor movies and a campus tour. HON. HOWARD W. POLLOC.~ ·. 1958-59: Overseas branches of AIC were He was showered with gifts including a OF ALASKA ruund-trip ticket for two to any plac·e he discontinued. Presidents of AIC, Springfield and Mrs. Hines would care to visit, presented and Western New England started to hold IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by the student body; a portable color tele­ mon_thly luncheons to discuss mutual plans Monday, May 5, 1969 vision set from AIC Evening College stu­ and problems. dents; an honorary pass to all events spon­ 1959-60: The 75th Anniversary Year began ML·. PoLL·oc:K. Mr. Speaker,· today· I sored by AIC fraternities and sororities; and with the announcement of future plans for have introduced a bill which would au­ a large card, three by four feet signed by the the construction of a Campus Center, class­ thorize the Secretary of. Labor to assist entire student body. room building, two men's dormitories, gym­ individuals with the purchase of homes Adm. and Mrs. Hines were detained in the nasium and fieldhouse. The liberal arts and which are substantially completed during president's office by a group of students. At business administration divisions were ele­ 5 p .m. they walked out of the building with vated to the School of Arts and Sciences and the 5-month period between the fiscal him where he was welcomed by an honor tlie School of Business Administration. A year on the 1st of November and in· that guard of two Marines and two from the Navy "brainstorming" session was held with 16 geographical area of 'the United Stfi,tes and two long lines of students. AIC's first civic leaders suggested ways in which AIC which the Secretary shall deem to be a couple marched between the two rows of stu­ might better serve the community. winter harqship ..a_r~ .a .,or . iµ ~n.Y. area that dents to the Dining Commons. At the Com­ 196o~i :Harry J. doµrniotes a~d Dr~ Jo:Q.~ F. the Se_ ci;et~q ge _t~,r~jn~ , ~ h~J:\dtq!3.-J? , px­ mons the retired admiral was "piped aboard" Mitcheli were appointed deans of the School ist~ becau~e pf ., c.o~d - w~a.t~~r dtlr.wg . a by a boatswain's mate. · of Business Administration and School of construction ;Se~·son . . -.. The bon voyage card stated, "The works of Arts and Sciences, respectively. A series of a great man are many times as unknown as forums sponsored jointly with the city's 9it­ · Mr. Speaker-,-what this will would -do the vein of water flowing hidden under­ izens' Action Commission was-held on cam­ fur the State ef Alaska· is that it would ground; secretly making the ground green." pus. The Housing ,~nd Home Fina~ce Agency give ·us· year-round construction rather This is the story of American International loaned AIC $443,0_QO for a men's dormitory. thari' season . whicli is now the pb;:>l;>ll:!tn. College, and the people who have made it 1961-;62: Ground was )?roken for a men's ~t would .authorize the Gove_mment' '._'to May 5, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11427 help otiset the increased cost of build­ small businessmen and family farmers on Johnson to continue to seek at the presi­ ing during the winter. The Secretary of investment in machinery and equipment. dential level the establishment of a joint Labor wo\.l.ld be authorized to assist by Small businessmen and farmers do not have commission with, but he could not include the capital or resources of big business and it in his program at that time; and direct aid in an amount which construc­ need assistance to compete in today's mar­ Whereas, in 1947, a joint presidential com­ ti.on costs are increased because of cold kets. mission was ~stablished to set up controls weatller hardships. CLOSING OF LOOPHOLES Df CHAR~ABLE for hoof and mouth disease which was plagu­ The second major provision of this bill, DEDUCTIONS ing cattle on both sides of the border, such Mr. Speaker, is that the Federal Govern­ a commission is even more needed for the This bill. also would eliminate a loophole health of our young people whose lives are ment would assist local governments in in the present tax laws which permits construction of public works programs daily infiuenced by the ready supply of mari·· wealthy individuals to manipulate certain juana, barbiturates and other dangerou s during the winter months in hardship exceptions in charitable deductions to escape drugs which must be cut off by striking at the areas. millions in taxes. steady stream of illicit traffic across the bor­ Mr. Speaker, this bill will assist the The bill ·which I am introducing this week der with Mexico. State of Alaska in becoming a year­ is designed to establish equity and justice Now, therefore, be it resolved that the round construction State. in important areas of the tax laws for the City Council of the City of Torrance respect­ great middle i:ange of taxpayers who bear the fully requests the President of the United brunt. of ~he tax load while many wealthy States, the Honorable Richard M. Nixon, t o individuals with skilled tax attorneys avoid, establish with the President of Mexico, the escape and evade their tax obligations. Honorable Gustave Diaz Ordaz, to halt the TAX REFORM BILL PROPOSES EX­ There is nothing as powerful as an idea illicit flow of narcotics and dangerous drugs EMPTION INCREASE FROM $600 whose time has come-and the" momentum between our two countries, and TO $1,200 for tax reform calls for action now by the Be it further resolved that copies of this Congress. resolution be forwarded to Secretary of State William P . Rogers, Attorney General John HON. JOE L. EVINS N. Mitchell, Secretary of Health, Education OF TENNESSEE HOUSE JOINT_RESOLUTION 486 .and Welfare Robert H. Finch and to all U.S. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Senators and Representatives in the Congress. Introduced, approved and adopted t his Monday, May 5, 1969 HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON 29th day of April, 1969. Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, OF CALIFORNIA ALBERT !SEN, Mayor of the Ci ty of Torrance. after careful study and consideration, I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES At test: am introducing a bill which would in­ Monday, May 5, 1969 . VERNON W. COIL, crease income tax exemptions from $600 Ci ty Cler k of the City of Torrance. to $1,200 and close certain loopholes in Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. the tax structure. Speaker, I would like to bring to the at­ H.J. RES 486 Because of the interest · of my col­ tention of my colleagues a resolution by Joint resolut ion to request the President to leagues and the American people in the the city of Torrance w·ging the creation negot iate with the Mexican Government for matter of tax reform, I am· placing -in of a Presidential Comniission between the purpose of setting up a joint United th.e R&CORD herewith copy. of my news­ the United States and Mexico to help States-Mexican commission to investigate a control the flow of narcotics and danger­ the ft.ow of inarihuana, narcotic drugs, and ··'· letter, Capitol Comments, which dis­ ous drugs between our two countries. dangerous drugs between the United States cusses the matter in more detail. This resolution asks the Presidents of and Mexico The newsletter follows : the two nations to set up a joint Presi­ Whereas Mexico is the primary source • of INCOME TAX EXEMPTIONS SHOULD BE IN­ dential Commission as Congressman supply for narcotic drugs and dangero:us CREASED FROM $600 TO $1 ,200--TAX LOOP- D1cK d:rugs brought into the southwestern part of HOLES SHOULD BE PLUGGED . HANNA and I proposed in House the United States; and - Joint Resolution 486. As tp.e Committee on Ways and Means con­ Whereas these narcotic drugs and danger­ tinues its studies and deliberations on tax Mr. Speaker, it is my hope and tllat of ous drugs are subsequently distributed r.eform, your Representative is intr09ucing a many people 1tl California that President throughout the United States; and bill to increase individual income tax exemp­ Nixon will take the necessary steps to set Whereas 100 per centum of the marihuana tions from $600 to $1,200 to provide some tax up such a Commission to stop the rising seized by the enforcement officials in the relief for lower and middle income taxpayers, and alarming incidence in the use of southwestern part of the United States comes particularly those with children in college. these dangerous drugs and narcotics in from Mexico; and The present $600 exemption is clearly out­ our State and especially in southern Whereas the smuggling of narcotic drugs moded and outdated. and dangerous drugs into the United States Callfornia . poses the largest sfogle problem for collectors My bill also will close a number of tax iii loopholes including the elimination of tax I am including the RECORD a copy of of the custoins and for the Federal courts in avoidance practices of certain foundations the resolution by the city of Torrance the southwestern part of the United States; which have used the charitable and educa­ and a copy of the bill which we have in- and tional provisions of tax laws to avoid billions troduced: · Whereas the use of narcotic drugs and dan­ in taxes. These foundations at the same time RESOLUTION 69-86 gerous drugs by juveniles has greatly in­ have been used for the benefit of individuals A resolution of the city council of the city creased due to the easy accessibility of such and families who have transferred business of Torrance recommending and urging the drugs from Mexico: Now, therefore, be it assets to foundations to avoid taxes: · Other creation of a Commission To Control the Resolv ed by the Senate and House of RepreJ provisions of this bill include: Fl9w of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs Be­ sentativ es of the United States of Amer ica CLOSING THE HOBBY FARMING LOOPHOLE tween the United States and Mexico. in Congress .assembled, That the President is .. . ·Whereas, the most effective way to stop requested ·to initiate negotia_tions with the "Hobby farming" refers to the practice of the illicit traffic in narcotics and dangerous Government of Mexico for the purpose of writing off profits incurred in a regular busi­ drugs into our community is to cut off the settting up a joint United States-Mexican ness or profession by accepting "paper losses" supply at its source, there should be estab:.. commission to investigate and to recommend on a farm to a".oid taxes that should be paid lished a joint presidential commission be­ appropriate solutions concerning the flow of on profits earned in a regular line of work. tween the United States and Mexico to un­ marihuana, narcotic drugs, and d angerous A $15,000 limit would be placed on this type dertake an action program to control the drugs bet ween said countries. of tax write-off. This will increase revenues flow of narcotics between the two countries; by an estimated $145 million annually and and make up in part for the loss of revenues Whereas, in 1959, the Board of Supervisors caused by increased tax exemptions for indi­ of the County of Los Angeles requested Pres­ viduals. EULOGY TO THE LATE REPRESENT­ ident Eisenhower to establish a control com­ ATIVE ROBERT A. EVERETT, OF ELIMINATION OF INVESTMENT TAX CREDIT EX- mission to which he responded by sending CEPT FOR SMALL BUSINESS a fact-fl.riding team to Los Angeles and other TENNESSEE Under this provision the seven percent in­ cities to investigate the drug traffic problem; vestment tax credit would be eliminated ex­ and · · HON. ROBERT N. GIAIMO cept for small business and family farmers. · Whereas, · in 1962 Pre·sident John F : This tax credit was enacted ·in ·1962 to en­ Kennedy called the first White ·House Con­ OF CONNECTICUT courage expansion of business and industry · ference on Narcotics and Drug Abuse, and, IN THE HOUS E OF REPRESENTATIVES and is estimated to have reduced Federal rev­ while there was much discussion and debate, Monday, Nay 5, 1969 enues by $14 billion in eight years. My bill little action resulted; and would eliminate this credit in this business - Whereas, in March, 1968. Supervisor Ken-. Mr. GIAIMO. Mr~ Speaker, .wm Rog-: boom period except up to $30.000 limit for neth Hahn urged President Lyndon B. ers once said, "I never met a man I 11428 EXTENSIONS\ OF. REMARKS ·_ May 5, 1969 - didn't like." When speaking of our be­ and it was suggested that the kingship more than i:oo oth_er ~I?-eralS-:in figtirmg· loved and departed colleague Robert A. of Poland-which was then filled by elec­ their taxes on income from wells. · · · tion-should be made hereditary. The The producer in'ay deduct 27¥2 .% from tbe Everett of Tennessee. I can truly say, gross annu~l income of a lease or property. "I never met a man he didn't like or Polish commitment to freedom was This is tax - free._~e figure, however, may riot · who didn't like him." again manifested, and a hereditary mon­ exceed 50 % of the net income of the lease. He was a dedicated man, Mr. Speak­ archy was denied Jan Sobieski though This limitation actually prevents most pro­ er, one who spent his life serving his he was their greatest leader. ducers from_ taking the full deduction._ In people, often at the expense of glorY The foregoing is illustrative of how practice, it averages only 23% and in many deeply the Polish people have been com­ cases is much less than tb'.at. · · ··" and headlines for himself. This policy · r~coghlies that oH in the He was a concerned man, concerned mitted to freedom. For the true test of ground is part of the producer's capital". It · about projects for his home State and such commitment occurs not when peo­ is like real estate. But this capital is used concerned about all veterans of this Na­ ple are themselves oppressed and thirst up-or depleted-by operation of an oil or tion's wars. for their own freedom, but whether they gas well. The rate of deduction, when deter­ He was a jovial man, with a wonder­ are prepared, when in a position of mined 43 years ago, was estimated as ·equal ful sense of humor and a vast storehouse power, to lay down their lives to secure the capital value of oil in the ground. It's · of stories designed to bring laughter to freedom for others. This is the true her­ now probably less, a.nd a higher rate would itage of the Polish people, and I pray not be more equitable. · all who heard them. Opponents, however, favor stripping de­ He was, most of all, a man of warmth only for them but for all Americans that pletion back until it assures the producer he and compassion. While burdened with this heritage be not sacrificed on the will recover his actual investment or costs in the affairs of State and with his own alter of present-day indifference. a lease. After this amount is recovered over failing health, he always managed the a period of time, deductions would end. The warm greeting, the sunny smile, and the producer's income taxes would increase. Thus cost depletion would serve a function similal' firm handshake. He was called Fats AN OPEN LETTER ON OIL TAXES to depreciation. Everett not out of scorn but out of This overlooks the unique position of oil friendship. as capital in the ground. It also ignores the He was a big man, Mr. Speaker, big HON. GARNER E. SHRIVER unusual risks involved in finding replace­ 1n size but bigger in heart. He left us OF KANSAS ment petroleum. Depletion encourages the producer to hunt new reserves-depreciation richer for the privilege of having known IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES him. We still miss him and always will. doesn't. · · Mo~day_, May 5, 1969 Say, for an example, an oil man recovered only his lease costs by deductions. He has no Mr, ·SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, under assurance he can take this fund, drill a single leave to extend my remarks in the REC­ well and come up with any ·on or gas. The·· POLISH CONSTITUTION DAY ORD, I include the following open letter odds are he will drill nine dry holes for every published by the Oil and Gas Journal producing well. And what's more, he'll drill HON. LOUIS STOKES which is_a reasonable and understand­ 46 marginal wells to every 1 that nets out·a · able presentation on the subject of oil profit . .Depreciation funds would melt quick-', · OF OHIO taxes, particularly the depletion allow­ ly under these odds. But depletion funds ' · IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from one good well give a producer the fl- · ance. I am pleased to bring it to the at­ nancial staying power to keep drilling. Thursday, May 1, 1969 tention of my colleagues in the House. What would happen if percentage deple- Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, on May 3, The open letter follows: tion were ended? - · · · · ' : '' the day which commemorates the spirit To: The U.S. voter. It would drastically curtail the hunt for Subject: Oil taxes. oil and gas. Our reserves would dwindle even of independence of the Polish people, it Percentage depletion has been on the fed­ more. Why? Because operators would become would be well to pause and pay tribute eral law books for 4~ . years. And for 36 of more selective and cautious in their drilling to one of the many ethnic cultures which these years, it has been vocife!ously attacked plans. They'd drill only the better prospects, combine to breathe vitality into the sin­ as an unfair "loophole" for avoiding taxes. shun the costly and high-risk ones. ews of our great country. The greatest It's happening again. Many producers would sell out and take contribution of the Polish people to his­ The attackers have been highly placed: advantage of the more favorable tax rates tory, and particularly to America, is a Former presidents, cabinet members, law­ , on ca.pi tal gains from oil in the ground. They makers, college professors. As well as un­ would thus escape the high regular rates on moral commitment to the concept of washed radicals, uninformed housewives, and production. The buyer, in turn, would set freedom, a commitment which was being entertainers who make poor jokes. up to deplete at 100% of his cost. So, it's redeemed by the sacrifice of Polish blood Congress through it all has refused to junk difficult to see how the government could for centuries prior to our own Revolution. the provision or even modify it. reap a tax bonanza from this change. While modern history leaves us with Why have attacks by so-called tax reform­ Consumers of petroleum products would the impression that the Polish people ers failed? suffer, too. The cost of crude oil and natural . Several reasons. gas would rise. This inevitably would be have been the subject of brutal conquest translated into higher product prices. and oppressions, this was not always so. Opponents haven't advanced a single new Why then disturb a policy that promises In 1683 a massive Turkish Army was argument that wasn't thoroughly considered to cause such an upheaval when the bene­ moving into Eastern Europe with a de­ prior to passage of the 1926 measure. Con­ fits are so uncertain? gress consistently has decided benefits out­ But the critics cry: "Some companies pay sign to subjugate all of Europe. They weigh costs. chose to bypass Poland whose military no income tax at all. That's unfair." Depletion also is tied closely to the basic Let's examine this one carefully. It comes might they feared. They laid siege to the concepts of our oonstitution. These are: up every time taxes are mentioned. It's be­ city of Vienna which had been aban­ Never tax capital. Tax only the income from coming cause celebre among oil-industry doned by Leopold who was then Emperor. capital. Taxing away capital is likened to critics. King Jan Sobieski, of Poland, who on killing the goose that lays the golden eggs. In the first place, any producer who com­ many occasions had been slighted and Why then do the attacks persist? pletely escapes income taxes doesn't do so insulted by Emperor Leopold, assembled Taxes are pinching everyone. They always with percentage depletion alone. The 50%­ the Polish Army. Sobieski had the choice go up. Never down. The bureaucratic tax­ of-net-income" limitation prevents that. So, spenders as well as tax-burdened companies he must use the benefits of other deduc­ of their remaining secure in Poland or and individuals are eager to shut off tax tions-most likely the expensing of intangi­ setting forth to attempt to rescue of avoidance to ease the pinch. It's easy to level ble dr1111ng costs and write-offs for dry holes. Vienna which meant engaging an enemy a.n emotional diatribe against depletion and By way of explanation, drilling costs come army that far outnumbered the one he then hoot down any reasoned explanation of in two kinds. Tangible drilling costs, such commanded. the complex issue. as cost of tan.ks, equipment, and structures, Manifesting the Polish commitment to That's why we must examine the !Ssue are depreciated over the years. ·NO argument freedom, he chose the latter course, and constantly. ' · . here. Intangi"!>le costs,. such es_ e](pen~e for led his army to Vienna where he routed Percentage depletion hB.s two objects: Re­ wages,. fuel, repairs, ~d all services, may cover the producer's capital. And give hjm an be recovered the ~e - way or as an operating the Turkish Army in one of the most incentive to drill more wells, find more oil. • expense in the year incurred. Most oil men decisive battles of European history. How does it work? · elect to. exJMlnse the intangibles. This allows Upon his return to Poland after free­ Stripped of its emotional setting, percent­ them to get their money back more quickly ing Vienna, Jan Sobieski was recognized age depletion is simply a deduction available to use in further operations. Expensing of as perhaps the greatest King of Poland, to oil and gas producers--and producers of intangibles does reduce the net income o! May 5, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11429 the lease, even may create a loss. All this Spending on exploration should be doubled. when it comes to the safety of the country. reduces the total subject to income tax. ' Oil and gas now furnish 75 % of our nation's He is unwavering in his belief that self­ There are a few facts, however, to keep energy. We're using petroleum at such a clip preservation is the nation's number one in mind. The producer can deduct intangi­ that consumption is expected to double by priority. More monies have been appropri­ ble expenses only once. They tend to re­ 1980. ated out of the Treasury of the United States duce benefits of percentage depletion. And Tampering with any policy that encourages during his Chairmanship than in any other the producer, in order to have intangible exporatlon for petroleum is courting disaster. comparable period in history. Under his lead­ deductions, must keep on drilling. This is The facts speak just as clearly and loudly ership of our Defense Subcommittee more exactly what the tax policies are designed to as ever against changing either the rate or than $827 billion has been appropriated for do--keep oil men drilling. principle of percentage depletion. Congress National security alone. What else do critics find wrong about per­ will serve the nation best by again refusing to My own feeling is that there is only one centage depletion? What do they suggest? change this policy. thing which he shaves more than appropria­ Here are a few, and the answers to them. tions, and that is his golf score at the Burn­ Depletion allows companies to offset in­ ing Tree Country Club. come from other sources, escape more taxes. With respect to his golf game, and he is a Percentage depletion cannot reduce tax­ HON. GEORGE H. MAHON golfer of some repute, I have it on good au­ able income from any source except the one thority that his golf scores have been classi­ lease or property on which it is computed. SIGNALLY HONORED fied with the military stamp "top secret". Oil companies aren't escaping taxes even if Now, in a more serious vein, may I say that the bite of the income tax is lighter on them. George Mahon truly is a guardian of the fed­ It may surprise many to know that the total HON. WILLIAM M. COLMER eral purse. Even though he is personally con­ tax burden on the petroleum industry ac­ OF .MISSISSIPPI servative and economy-minded, not once has tually is heavier than average. In 1966, oil IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES he ever been penurious where the true wel­ fare of the nation is concerned. paid $2.5 billion in direct taxes. This $2.5 Monday, May 5, 1969 billion amounted to 5.1 % of gross revenue While he has opposed many of the federal from all operations. The direct tax burden Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, on the encroachments in areas of state and local for all U.S. business corporations was only evening of April 30 at the Sheraton-Park responsibility, he has insisted that the ma­ about 4.5 % of gross revenue. This is about jority ought to be willing to impose the Hotel here in the city of Washington, necessary taxes to support the spending pro­ 10% less than the tax burden of petroleum. D.C., That plays hob with the contention that oil our highly respected and beloved grams that are enacted. companies don't pay taxes. colleague of Texas, the Honorable This mild-mannered, hard-working, studi­ Oil profits are exorbitant. Too many oil GEORGE H. MAHON, was signally honored. ous, farm boy from West Texas is a source millionaires are created by percentage de­ The occasion was the annual recognition of great pride to all who know him. He is a pletion. of two outstanding Americans by the devoted husband to his lovely wife, Helen, The average profit of 99 oil companies in American Good Gov.ernment Society. On who is a native Texan and who has actively 1968 was equal to a 12.9 % return on net that occasion our honored colleague, assisted him in his achievements. He is a worth. This is below the 13.1 % return on net chairman of the powerful House Appro­ loving father and doting grandfather who worth earned by 2,250 manufacturing com­ priations Committee, together with an­ takes the time to pass on his golfing skills to panies. There's certainly nothing exorbitant a favorite grandson. He is a man of impec­ about this. Percentage depletion hasn't made other distinguished Member of the Con­ cable integrity, widely respected, a lover of oil millionaires. Oil fortunes rise from the gress, U.S. Senator WALLACE F. BENNETT, good music, a Christian gentleman, unfail­ combination in an individual of ability, of Utah, was the recipient of the George ingly fair in all his dealings with his fellow stubbornness, and luck in finding oil. Suc­ Washington award. man, and a lover of the truth. He is my good cess in finding oil is the key-not percentage This highly coveted award is made to friend. I might add also that although he and depletion. I disagree on occasion, not once in our long outstanding Americans, who, in the judg­ association has he ever been disagreeable Oil producers don't use tax savings to look ment of the trustees of the society, have for more oil and gas. with me. The figures show differently. Statistics in­ made substantial contributions to this I am reminded that when the going gets dicate oil producers would pay $1.3 billion cherished young Republic. To be thus rough in our Committee and we find our­ more annually in taxes if present policies placed in this Congressional Hall of Fame selves divided, George typically gets us back were ended. In the last 10 years, they have in accordance with the ideals and goals together with the heart-warming statement: spent this-plus an average $3.1 billion more of this nonpartisan, patriotic organiza­ "This is the day which the Lord hath made. on exploration and development. tion is truly a highly regarded and re­ Let us rejoice and be glad in it." The depletion rate of 27 % is too high. Cut Today surely is a day which the Lord hath spected recognition. I am sure that this made for George Mahon. Let us rejoice and it to 20, 15, or 10%. occasion is appreciated by George's This is begging the question. A lower rate be glad in it. won't satisfy the critics. They'd be back at the friends at home and his colleagues in the I take great pleasure in presenting on be­ next session to whittle away at the lower rate. Congress. half of the American Good Government So­ As we've noted, the present rate probably al­ Mr. Speaker, on this occasion the Hon­ ciety, one of its two 1969 George Washington ready is too low to achieve an adequate re­ orable FRANK T. Bow, a Representative Awards to the distinguished Chairman of the Cominittee on Appropriations of the House turn of capital. If it were lower, percentage from the great State of Ohio and the depletion also would lose effectiveness as an of Representatives, the Honorable George H . ranking minority member of the Appro­ Mahon of Texas. exploration incentive. It would give oil men priations Committee, a highly respected too little money to finance new drilling. Out­ Mr. Speaker, the citation on the plaque side investors would fear other cuts. Uncer­ Member in his own right, made the pres­ reads: tainty of their return piled on the normal risk entation of the award. Congressman Bow of exploration would cool them on oil ven­ said: RESOLUTION OF 'I'RmUTE AND HONOR: GEORGE H. MAHON tures. Exploration needs to be made more George Mahon and the 19th Congressional Farmer, Lawyer and Statesman, has served attractive to risk capital-not less. District of Texas are one and the same to the Eliminate all deductions and grant an out­ the People of Texas and the United States plainsmen of West Texas. He ha.s represented more than forty years; as County Attorney right federal subsidy to encourage ex­ the good people of the 19th District since ploration. and District Attorney for seven years, and it was created back in 1934. They know a now is in his thirty-fifth year in the United Can you ima.gine what kind of drilling pro­ good thing when they see it. gram would emerge if it depended on annual States House of Representatives, the last five George Mahon and the House Appropria­ as Chairman of the Committee on Appropria­ appropriations from Congress? What a boon­ tions Cominittee are one and the same here doggle this opens up! The drilling decision­ tions, the largest in Congress. in the Nation's Capital. A member of the He has championed a strong Army and makers would be bureaucrats who are subject Committee since 1939 and its Chairman since to political pressure and not fitted by train­ Navy since before World War II. Under his 1964, a position from which I had hoped to guidance Congress has provided more than ing or position to take risks involved. Where dislodge him last fall, the House of Repre­ would the savings be in this approach? Eight Hundred Billions of Dollars for the senatatives also knows a good thing when it Common Defense, to make the United States There are other arguments. None really sees it. George is a product of the oft-criti­ new. All have been refuted time and time impregnable to any foe. An outspoken Advo­ cized seniority system. But someone once cate of Economy in Government and pay as again. The fact they are being taken seriously observed that all men must tarry at Jericho is the big surprise. you go policies, he is also Chairman of the until their beards are grown. It is unfor­ Joint Committee on Reduction of Federal It is especially surprising in view of the tunate that the critics of our seniority sys­ Expenditures. present low state of petroleum exploration. tem do not take into account the abilities Representative Mahon stands with Wash­ That's the new circumstance in the whole and shining qualities of men like George fight. ington: "To be Prepared for War is one of the Mahon. most effectual means of Preserving Peace." Our reserves of oil and gas are dwindling at George is a great fiscal conservative, but The People of the United States must warmly a time they should be rising twice ·as fast. I wou.ld suggest to you tha.t he is no piker commend his efforts for their safety. 11430 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 5, 1969 Mr. Speaker, Congressman MAHoN's llcan so that he can take over my job as ernment that our country, our cherished in­ timely and well-received remarks to­ Chairman! As I see it--from my stand­ stitutions, our governments at all levels wlll point--this would be a major disaster. But I be as good, as free, and as great as a mili­ gether with a list of those who have pre­ wlll say this: If I have to bow to anyone, I'd tant majority of our people are determine(j viously been so honored follow: rather bow to Bow than any Member I know. they shall be! This ls a great moment for my wife Helen One further serious word about economy. Again, let me express my deepest thanks and me. I wish to express my deepest thanks It is a far cry from the days of Galvin to the American Good Government Society to the American Good Government Society Coolidge, but I would like to quote with and wish you much success in your efforts for the award which you have presented me. approval one statement of his. He said he to promote the welfare of our great country. It is a great honor and I shall never cease favored economy not because he wished t.o Thank you very much. to appreciate it. save money but because he wished to save I wish to express my special thanks to my people. PREVIOUS RECIPIENTS OF THE GEORGE Texas friends who have come from afar to be Our m ajor problem is saving people, our WASHINGTON AW ARDS here this evening. country, and promoting its continued growth. 1953.-U.S. Senator Harry Flood Byrd, of I have been to these dinners before but In this context. the much used word "mili­ Virginia; U.S. Senator Robert A. Taft, of Ohio. this one seems better than any of the rest. tancy" forcefully comes to mind. I am not 1954.-Former President Herbert Hoover; Of course, it could be that the honor which thinking in terms Of m111tancy by dope ad­ Governor Allan Shivers, of Texas. is being bestowed upon the Ma.hons could dicts, demonstrators, riot instigators, or 1955.-Representatlve Howard W. Smith, have something to do with it! small, disruptive, undisciplined groups in of Virginia; General Robert E. Wood, of Illi­ I am honored to be on the plaftorm with the colleges. I am thinking in terms of mili­ nois. my friend Senator Bennett, and to hear tancy by the majority. 1956.-U.S. Senator Walter F. George, of former Governor Cecil Underwood, of West I just cannot believe that the great ma­ Georgia; Secretary of the Treasury George M. Virginia, make the most interesting remarks jority of our people will indefinitely stand Humphrey. about the Electoral College I have ever been idly by and see the greatest citadel of liberty 1957.-Representative William. M. Colmer, privileged to hear. Despite the turbulent and freedom and abundance on earth go of Mississippi; U.S. Senator Karl E. Mundt, history of the Electoral College, I am not down the drain. Sometimes we seem to be of South Dakota. so sure but that it ls about the most stable hobbled by timidity and a spirit of appease­ 1958.-U.S. Senator William F. Knowland, college we have these days I ment. It is time for the great majority to of California; U.S. Senator Richard B. Russell, I have looked over this list of the past 32 call a halt. It is time to see to it that the of Georgia. recipients of the award. Many have been destructive elements are denied full leeway in 1959.-U.S. Senator John L. McClellan, of members of the House or Senate. It is a very their efforts to erode and destroy the very Arkansas; Secretary of Commerce Lewis L. distinguished company. foundation of our institutions. Strauss. However, I tend to look with some con­ I want to see more militancy on the part 1960.-Representative Graham A. Barden, descension upon prior Congressional recipi­ of the great rank and file of college students of North Carolina; U.S. Senator Barry Gold­ ents of the award! And let me explain. In view who are rapidly losing an opportunity to water, of Arizona. of the recent pay raise, Senator Wallace Ben­ live in an atmosphere where education and 1961.-Representative Charles A. Halleck, nett and I are the highest priced members growth are possible. I applaud President of Indiana; U.S. Senator Spessard L. Holland, ever to receive the award! We are in a class Nixon's statement of yesterday in which he of Florida. by ourselves. But, what with all the problems urged college administrators to take firmer 1962.-Representative John W. Byrnes, of which confront us, it looks like we are going action to maintain stab111ty. Wisconsin; Representative Wilbur D. Mills, of to begin to earn the pay raise. I want to see more militancy on the part Arkansas. A recent calculation shows that the aver­ of people who believe in the old-fashioned 1963.-U.S. Senator A. Willis Robertson, of age American taxpayer in order to pay his virtues. Virginia; U.S. Senator John J. Williams, of local, state and Federal taxes, in effect, works I want to see more militancy on the part Delaware. from January 1 through April 27 for the gov­ 1964.-U.S. Senator Frank J. Lausche, of ernment. This is April 30. My work to pay of omce holders and community leaders. Too often as candidates we are "bloody, bold, and Ohio; U.S. Senator Everett McKinley Dirksen, taxes has been concluded and I'm now speak­ of Illinois. ing on my own time, not the government's, resolute" but as omcials we tend to over­ rationallze every situation which arises and 1965.-Representative Oren Harris, of Ar­ and I shall not be hampered by bureaucratic kansas; U.S. Senator Roman L. Hruska, o! limitations I take on the image of appeasement and timidity. Nebra::ka. I think I'm going to feel at home with the 1966.-U.S. Senator Sam J. Ervin. Jr., of George Washington Good Government Award. No, I am not advocating rashness or vio­ lence; I am advocating that we take steps North Carolina; Representative Gerald R. After all, my first name is George, and I was Ford, of Michigan. also born on the 22nd. It makes little differ­ to curb anarchy which is eating ravenously at the very heart of this great country. 1967.-Representative Melvin R. Laird, of . ence that it was September 22 and not Feb­ Wisconsin; Speaker Jesse M. Unruh, o! the ruary 22 I Of course, one other George re­ A few days ago I had a letter from a min­ California Assembly. ceived the award, George Humphrey, former ister from my home country. I want to quote 1968.-U.S. Senator Thruston B. Morton, of Secretary of the Treasury, who spoke of a couple of sentences: Kentucky; U.S. Senator John C. Stennis, of budgets that would curl the hair! Regretfully, "It looks like too many of our men in high Mississippi. we have continued to have "hair curling" places ... are gutless. And for that reason, deficits. small groups all over the great United States are being permitted to destroy the great The remarks of the distinguished gentle­ DON'T YOU BURN MY FLAG man from Ohio, my warm friend, Mr. Bow, principles for which we have stood so long." were most compl!mentary and generous. Gutless may not be a very nice word, but Never have I seen Frank Bow more extrava­ anarchy is not a nice word either. I think HON. SAMUELL. DEVINE gant. He usually leans to the conservative it is time, high time, for law-abiding citi­ and often deals in understatement. Maybe zens-that great majority-to rise up in their OF OHIO this is explained by the fact that his generous might and insist upon the preservation of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES encomiums didn't cost any money! the best qualities in American life. That is Monday, May 5, 1969 Frank Bow is a big man. His booming and the issue before the American people. Per­ resonant voice can fill any hall. But Frank haps never before in our history have a so­ Mr. DEVINE. Mr. Speaker, last Friday Bow's true bigness is his heart. It has been called free people been so badgered and be­ I was the speaker at Courtright Elemen­ a great experience for me to work with him leagured by small groups of outlaws and tary School in Columbus, Ohio. This fine through the years in matters that involve exhibitionists. school had a program in honor of the deeply the destiny of our country. Thomas Paine said, those who expect to servicemen in Vietnam and the Ameri­ In spending matters we have long been reap the blessings of freedom must undergo aware that heads of government agencies the fatigue of supporting it. can way of life. insist upon ever-increasing expenditures. There are no pat answers to the problems During the proceedings, the youngsters They love spending. . . . But Frank and I but there are reasonably adequate answers. ranging from kindergarten through the feel-and upon good authority-that the They relate to such fundamental virtues as sixth gracie sang a wonderful song en­ love of money is the root of all evil and we restraint, discipline, morality, constitutional titl~d "Don't You Burn My Flag." This try to hold them. down. We belleve--a.s I government, and patriotism. was new to me and I inquired of the prin­ think you do--1n the principle of pay-as­ Americans never mount a. major etiort un­ cipal, Joseph W. Dupuis, as to the source. you-go in government spending. til they become deeply concerned and He told me it was written there at the Now that we have a. budget surplus of sorts aroused. That point has been reached and In prospect, I am thinking of switching to I believe we are at the beginning of the scho.:>l and was put to music there. a pay-less-as-you-go philosophy! turning of the tide. Mr. Speaker, although I am unable to But even though Frank is my good and I conclude in a spirit of high hopes and provide the tune, I am delighted to share always helpful friend, I have a lurking sus­ optimism. I do not have to tell this audience with my colleagues, this outstanding con­ picion that he wants the House to go Repub- o! people who believe in constitutional gov- tribution of pure patriotism: May :5; J9o9. EXTENSIONS QF REMARKS. · 11431• Don't·you burn lilJ::flag. - - everything else- to his taste. 'J,'hat is the se­ Mamie sa:ys--he can retreat to his combined. Don't you bumJ.!;, don.'._t you_bll!'n it, cret or .the grill a.nd_her succ~ in ru_:µajng· den and trophy-room.· ~ere he is surround­ Don't you burn my flag. Don't you burn it, the homefront. ed by his mementos of the war: decorations burn lt, burn it, · ·Today, Mamie Doud Eisenhower is a bright, and medals of all kinds, expensive gifts, and Don't you bmn tn~ fla_g. cheerful person· who oft.en says "My God­ signed photographs of many of the world's frey!" -when she is excited. This expression political and military notables. You can talk with me, I'll list.en to your pla.n. must have been almost indispensable ~ur­ Mamie's headquarters are in the Eise:r;i­ You can d.Lsa.gree with the War in Vietnam. ing the hectic weeks while the unsolicited. hower bedroom. Many mornings find her You can get real mad. I! you don't under­ Eisenhower-for-President hoom was driving_ propped up in the dusty-rose quilted satin stand. You can even laugh at me. But don't the General to his final, dramatic "No." bed. She wears a frilly bed jacket, and the you burn my flag. The outcome was no surprise to Mamie. pink ribbon in her dark 'Qrown hair matches You c-an live With me, Freedom to enjoy. You She knew all the time Ike would have noth­ the satin cover on the bed. Mrs. Eisenhower oa.n have a share in safety, pel;\Ce, and joy, ing to do with politics, but the decision for sensibly believes that if she needs extra rest, My daddy's in the war. Our freedom to the climatic statement, "cleared the air" and bed is the place to get it, and she directs insure. You can even la.ugh a t me. But was a relief to both of them. It permitted houskeeping operations from there. "In any don't you burn our flag. the Eisenhowers to relax. Mamie enjoys llfe event, I keep things boiling in the mornings," and makes no secret of it. Her gay, intense Mamie explains. She is already plan:plng fo;r You can burn your card. And protiest in a reactions amuse Ike. Mamie is his favorite Ike's home-:coming that night. line. You can have your say. And take up entertainer, and home with her around ls " Our household revolves around Ike; the all my time. You can stand around while never dull. for she believes it a fine thing for whole scheme of arrangements puts him first. daddy's in the war. You can even laugh people to laugh and have ~ good time. I may be funny," she admits. "but I like it at me. But don't you burn my flag. · She has a smile Which is not so well known that way. The place comes to life the minut;e I might add, Mr. Speaker, the follow­ as her hfisband's, but which is just as nat­ they call to say Ike has started home. Every­ ing youngsters performed in an out..: ural and full of the same warmth. Every­ body is on his toes. Me, too." body calls her Mamie. When she smlles--as It ls obvious that .Mrs. Eisenhower is ac­ standing maruier: she frequently does-people have a habit of customed to being on her toes. Her 5-foot-3 Carol Boiman, council president. smiling back. Her blue eyes sparkle when she figure is trim and she looks years younger Tim Hampton, ce>uncil vice president. talks, which she enjoys doing. She doesn't than the calendar says she must be, taking Patti Ray, Pledge of Allegiance. hesitate . to tell a story at her own expense. into consideration she married Ike in 1916 at Toni Todd, poem, "My Flag." Mamie is qulck-witt.ed, easily a match for the age of 19. Her vivid face makes it easy to Melissa Thompson, poem, "I Give You the ·General. Yet she delights in quoting the believe her when she says she has been "su­ America." bright sayings of Ike, and it is no wonder to premely happy." her that the public appreciates him, too. But · "I am perfectly satisfied to be known as a she is not awed by the fact her husband is housewife," she says. "I take a great deal of IKE'S SILENT the most popular man in the Unitied States, pride in my role. The home is my bailiwick. PARTNER as shown by public-opinion polls early this I wouldn't think of interfering with Ike's year. office routine, and he leaves the homefront "I always knew Ike was wonderful," Mamie to me. We run our life on that pattern. Ike HON. PAGE BELCHER exclaims. "I married him, didn't I?" says, 'The office is mine, the house is yours.' '! OF OKLAHOMA · Over the years, Mamie has developed a Mamie's outlook explains why she has been IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES philosophy to guide her in this marriage. She quite content to be one of the most success­ believes that the place of most women is in ful silent partners in history. At the time Monday, May 5, 1969 the home. She knows that is where she be­ when her husband beca.m.e a lea.ding world Mr. BELCHER. Mr. Speaker, under longs and where Ike is happy to find her. figure--his beaming smile familiar to nearly to There isn't a bit- of pretiense about Iowa.­ every American-Mrs. Eisenhower made no leave granted, I wish insert in the born Mamie. She hasn't changed her hair attem pt to share in the spotlight. She worked RECORD the following article, which ap­ style radically in 30 years, because she likes quietly in two service canteens in Washing­ peared in the June 1948 issue of Amer­ bangs and knows they are becoming to her. ton: the Soldiers, Sailors, and Marines, and ican magazine, written by two Oklaho­ And she insists Ike is still the best cook In the American Women's Voluntary Services; mans, Malvine Stephenson and Ruth the family. Around home there's oft.en a At the SSM, she set the table and brought Robinson Greenup. ribbon in her hair, and the Eisenhower bed­ the food for hundreds of hungry GI Joes who Miss Stephenson, now a Washington room shows her weakness for pink and green never once realized that their "waitress" was correspondent for Swanco Broadcasting, -also ruffles. the wife of the man who was commanding Out in public, however, she is smart and the invasion of Europe. Inc., and the Tulsa World, covered Mrs. poised. Even the Queen of England openly On at lea.st one occasion her anonymity Eisenhower for the Kansas City Star, admired one of her dinner dresses when the had amusing complications. She likes to tiell during the trying days of World War Il Elsenhowers visited the Royal Family some of the time that she was visiting in Holly­ when her husband was the Supreme time ago. But it is charactieristic of Mamie wood, Fla., and decided impulsively to visit Commander of the Allied Forces, and that she did not curtsy in the presence of the the U.S. air station at near-by Fort Lauder­ later when the general was torn between Queen. Mrs. Eisenhower recalls that she was d ale. She and her friend were wearing sun private life and responding to a draft for sounded out delicatiely in advance as to suits. When they drove up to the gate of the whether she would want to bend her knee to base, t h e young m arine on guard eyed them President. Mrs. Greenup, a former Okla­ their Royal Majesties. "I said I didn't think skeptically. He listened politely while homa newspaperwoman who later wrote that was necessary," she says matter-of-fact­ Mamie explained they were just passing the in South America, is the coauthor with ly. She was delighted to discover that the base when they decided. it would be nice to her husband of "Revolution Before Royal Family were "just like any normal drop in and get a close look at the planes Breakfast." family. They have little jokes among them­ which were always passing overhead. He This is the first magazine article, and selves. They were gay and friendly." plainly was not convinced it was a harmless probably the most comprehensive close­ One of the reasons both the General and sightseeing trip, and showed no inclination, up, done on Mamie Eisenhower and her Mrs. Eisenhower are pleased with his appoint­ :to let them in. ment as president of Columbia University is Finally Mamie said, "I'm Mrs. Eisenhower." earlier life with the general. Mrs. Eisen­ that this will enable them to have a home The youngster on guard glanced once aga in hower talked freely before she became of their own-for the first time in their mar­ at the sun suits the ladies were wearin·g. An First Lady and was restricted by life in ried life. They plan eventually to buy a little "Oh yeah!" glint came into his eyes and he the White House. country place somewhere around New York asked for identlfication. IKE'S SILENT PARTNER where they can retreat and Ike can work in Mamie fl.shed desperatiely into her purse, the garden. It will be a farm in the Middle­ and came up with the best credential she h ad (By Malvina Stephenson and Ruth Robinson Western style rather than an estate. Greenup) with her-a little 10-cent picture of Ike cov­ For formal entertainin g they have the of­ ered with cellophane. "That's my husband!" (NoTE.-Her name is Mamie. And she•s ficial residence of the university president, f:lhe d eclared proudly, pointing to the dime­ been the woman behind Dwight D. Eisen­ into which they moved in May. It was re­ hower's happy grin for 31 years. Here's an store memento. It was a delicate situation. decorated according to Mamie's taste and the The marine, less than h alf convinced by intimate glimpse of Mr. and Mrs. Ike at top-floor rooms enlarged by the removal of home.) Mamie's evidence, consulted the officer of the partitions. Their personal furniture has gone day, who in turn summoned the command­ There's a woman behind the happy grin into storage until they select their own home. ing officer of the garrison out of his shower. that Dwight D. Eisenhower wears as he puts Only their most treasured possessions, such By that time it was too late for Mrs. on civilian clothes and begins work as presi­ as Ike's trophies, fa.mlly portraits, china, and Eisenhower to retreat. The commanding dent of Columbia University. Her name is silver have been installed in the Columbia officer, she recalls with admiration, "was just Mamie and he married her 31 years ago. residence. shining, so clean and starched, the flashiest Ike had to teach his bride how to cook. If the General wants to work on a speech­ thing you ever saw, and there was I in m y Since then, Mamie has been trying to do and not all of them are extemporaneous; sun suit, big red and yellow flowers, a red CXV--720-Part 9 11432 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 5, 1969 ribbon on my hair, play shoes, and bare legs. "I was denied those last precious hours ing the Invasion. of Euroi)e, her only son, Allot the time I could see him looking at my with my baby. He died in Ike's arms. It was Johnny, was preparing to go overseas, .and regalia." . iro:nic, I ~ave thought many i!imes, hrtunity to re­ death. Fortunately, we had many under­ philosophy. I was sure that the Lord would­ deem herself. . She and her friend dressed up standing friends to help us through this or­ protect Ike as long as he had something to in their best black dresses, put on their white deal. We took our baby to Denver, where do and wouldn't let anything happen to him hats and gloves, and went to tea at the invi­ my parents lived, and there we buried him. until it was completed." However, this con~ tation of the commanding officer's wife. "I In our absence, loving hands removed the viction was not sufficient to avert a consider­ was acting the part that time," Mrs. Eisen­ silent reminders. They dismantled the wHted able nervous strain, part of which was caused hower says merrily. Christmas tree and they quietly took his by unthinking people. · Since General Eisenhower returned from toys away. I don't think I could have stood "Two or three times people called me. the wars, Mamie has been at his side at most the sight of his idle little tricycle. His clothes They had heard rumors and they really public functions. And thousands of Ameri­ were packed in a wooden chest which the scared me half to pieces. Once a certain cans have become familiar with the trade­ enlisted men had made as their tribute. newspaper was calling me long distance, but mark of the General's wife-her bangs. The Icky's death seemed a personal loss to every­ I didn't answer. And it was a good thing, bangs suit Mamie Eisenhower perfectly. one. Giving up a baby is the hardest trial a because I found out a couple of days later They go well with her piquant face. young couple may have to face." that this newspaper had heard a rumor that This was the face that brought the young Grievous as their loss was, Mrs. Eisen­ Ike had been killed, and they were going to Ike courting in 1915. He was a lieutenant hower says, "We tried not to let it embitter a~k me about it. I was stUDJ'.!.ed just to hear just out of West Point, and was stationed at us. We tried to look to the future and thank about it afterwards. Just think, if ·that news­ Fort Sam Houston, Texas. The Doud family God we were young enough to have another paperman had reached me! Telling me that were spending the winter in near-by San child. In this spirit, we welcomed Johnny could have been a terrific blow! Ike had . al­ Antonio, and one Sunday afternoon went into our lives in the summer of 1922. We ready been gone for two and a half years. It with friends to visit the fort: They were all were stationed in Panama at the time, ·and I was in the midst of the Battle of the Bulge, invited to stay for dinner. But 18-year-old went home to Denver to have the baby. In when everything looked bad. Johnny was Mamie protested. She wanted to leave im­ the fall, I returned by army transport, and in leaving for overseas the next day. I think it mediately, for she already had a date. my arms I brought · John . Sheldon Doud would have been too much for me." "Finally, Mamma put her foot down and Eisenhower, named for my father. I wish Mamie. never had inside information on said I could just call my young man and have you could have seen the expression on Ike's how the war was going. The supreme com­ him to pick me up at the post," Mrs. Eisen­ face, the glow of pride and joy over his new mander's wife didn't know any more about hower recalls. "That settled it, and later I son," says Mrs. Eisenhower, whose own face developments than any other civilian. She was to thank my lucky stars that Mamma lights up with pride whenever she mentions recalls that "Ike wrote little personal things, which, of course, I wanted to hear. When he won out. For that night, at dinner, I met Ike. their "Johnny." We clicked from the start." The little family was ·frequently on the was in the underground fortress at Malta, he However, attractive Mamie already had a move after that, as the young army officer wrote me that everything he had was full of waiting list of beaux. Ike got on it in October. dust, and that's all he could say. He said, advanced in his profession. At the same 'Yours and Johnny's pictures are beside me By Christmas he was at the head of the list, time, Mamie was mastering the technique of and on Valentine's Day Mamie accepted a and I bet you never knew your picture would being a successful army wife. be down this deep.' " miniature of his class ring, which she wears "I learned the hard Vfay," Mrs. Eisen­ today. Mrs. Eisenhower waited as anxiously as any hower says. She made one mistake early. GI's wife for V-E Day. It came while she was "You know, Ike is as persistent as the The first time they moved, another army wife dickens, once he makes· up his mind," Mrs. visiting in Hollyyrood, Fla.. First, there were told Inexperienced Mamie, "Sell everything the rumors. She listened to the radio all that Eisenhower says with obvious satisfaction. you have." The wedding was at high noon on the fol­ day and night. The news was fihally c<>n­ "Well, I was gullible," Mrs. Eisenhower ad­ firmed two days later. She says, "By that lowing July 1 in Denver in the Doud family mits. "For a wedding present I had received time, I was a nervous wreck. I took three home (the Douds moved to Denver when a beautiful walnut bedroom suite, and in bromides when I got the news. I was suffer­ Mamie was 7). It was a conventional cere­ my trousseau were rugs and curtains. I sold ing from shock. I was so weak I couldn't mony with only the. family present. Mamie everything at give-away prices. I didn't have walk." Doud wore an ankle-length dress of white a~y bedroom furniture of my own for years. Chantilly lace and carried a bouquet of pink Mrs. Eisenhower had lost 15 pounds during We slept on government cots. I wish young­ the war and was down to 110. Her run-down sweetheart roses. But she remembers more sters could realize that the heartaches and about Ike's appearance, and smiles in telling condition made her an easy victim of pneu­ hardships of wartime are not new to this monia shortly after Ike came home from the story: generation. We brides of thirty years ago "He looked stunning when he arrived in struggled with shortages, high prices, and Europe. The supreme commander who had his white dress uniform-two hours early. limited government allowances. become a world hero found that a part of Ike is very punctual, you know. I still chuckle his new duties was to cook and wash dishes "At one post," says Mrs. Eisenhower, "we during her convalescence. when I think about it. His trousers were cooked on a little oil stove in a former show­ Cooking really was no hardship for Ike. starched beautifully, so stur that he had to er-room. The spray nozzle was still in evi­ stand up those whole two hours. He refused dence, and the drain showed up plainly In He likes to, considering it a form of relaxa­ to sit down even once, because he wouldn't the middle of the :floor. But I managed, and tion. Even after becoming chief of staff he run the risk of a wrinkle." Ike never went hungry. I used my wits, and often slipped down to the kitchen. Vegetable Ike had only ten days' leave, and Mamie very little money, to furnish the rest of the soup continued to be one of his specialties. soon found herself in the Army. Their first quarters. Several pieces were salvaged from Mrs. Eisenhower says it takes him about three home was in tiny, two-room quarters at the post dump. I made a dressing table out days to complete a batch: Fort Sam Houston. There was no kitchen of a packing case and skirted it with cretonne. "The first day, he makes the stock, lets it until Ike improvised one. Then he had to The same material was used to cover the settle and the grease come to the top. He teach Mamie how to cook. quartermaster beds. A desk from the office skims off the grease the next day and puts in Those carefree months came to a close was converted into a buffet." vegetables. All of the strength is cooked out when Ike began moving around on a series Mamie found herself improvising home of the first vegetables and they are removed. of wartime assignments. Mamie had to stay after home for Ike. About the time she would The next day he puts in another batch of behind, for they were expecting their first get things under control in one place, Ike vegetables and cooks them until they are child. Doud Dwight Eisenhower, affection­ would be ordered to another. They lived In tender, and then the soup is ready to serve." ately known as little Icky, was born in numerous army posts in the United States As Mrs. Eisenhower was talking, Ike was September, 1917, four days after Ike had and In others scattered halfway across the In the kitchen cooking sauerkraut. been ordered to Fort Oglethorpe, Ga. world. Ike's duties took them to Panama, to "How he doe·s it, I don't know," she con­ "I went through the first experience of the Philippines, and to France. One result of fessed. "He doesn't hang over cookbooks. He motherhood without my husband at my side, nomadic army life is that today the Eisen­ likes to go in and stir up ·something good but I didn't grieve too much at the time. howers are still looking forward to owning a out of the icebox. Ike would rather serve Youngsters can take things, somehow. When home of their own-something they have fried eggs at home than go out for a six­ you get older it's not so easy," Mrs. Eisen­ never been able to do. course dinner. We never were night-club peo­ hower observes. The Eisenhowers are especially fond of ple. No matter the size or the place of our The family moved later to Fort Meade. Texas-because the folks there understand quarters, our friends have always been wel­ Little Icky was 3 then and became the dar­ army people-and the Pacific Northwest, come. Informal Sunday-evening supper par­ ling of the post. But tragedy struck the where Ike and Mamie became enthusiastic ties are still our favorite." Eisenhowers after Christmas of 1920. The gardeners. The Eisenhowers are in constant demand, baby fell ill of scarlet fever. Mrs. Eisen­ The Eisenhowers lived in and near Wash­ but have made it a rule not to try to do "too hower was quarantined. Ike, however, was ington, D.C., longer than anywhere else, and much" socially. immune and remained at the -baby's side at this is Mrs. Eisenhower's favorite spot, in "When we do go out," Mamie says, "we the hospital. The memory still saddens Mrs. spite of the fact that she spent the most ex­ try to get home by 11 or 11 :30, so Ike can Eisenhower as she tells of Icky's death: acting years of her life there. Ike was direct- get the proper amount of sleep." May . 5, , 1'969'· EXTENSIONS ~oF REMARKS · 111133

They· a:lways ma.nag~ to spend several eve­ joy. ·Now, ·however,. it· 1-ooks rather modest so many different -countries that he believes nings aw-eek at home. aio.ngslde the massive piece'S of silver which there is a basis for understanding. among the "Ike has seen hundreds of people tanding event Committee and the entire House concur among Polish Americans throughout the in that view, and will therefore restore country. HON. ROBERT V. DENNEY the ACP to its present $200 million level. This year, yesterday af.ternoon, we OF NEBRASKA Nebraska farmers have participated in were honored to have with us for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this program with farsightedness and ac­ principal address the Honorable John Monday, May 5, 1969 complishment. For the 5-year period of Volpe, the Secretary of Transportation. 1962-67, approximately 63,000 farmers He is an old friend, a gentleman, and a Mr. DENNEY. Mr. Speaker, it is with took part in ACP. The amount of cost­ superb public servant. His address to us extreme reluctance that I rise today to sharing participation by the Federal highlighted all those qualities. He is also take issue with a . recent decision by the Government has been approximately $6 a man of heart, for he brought with him Nixon administration. My attitude to­ million per year. Because the Federal his new Assistant Secreta1;y for Public ward Mr. Nixon's approach in these first contribution is no more than 50 percent Affairs, Mr. Walter Mazan, who is him­ months has been one of patience in those of the actual work done, and is some­ self of Polish descent. areas where decisions have yet to be times less, the $6 million figure must be By unanimous consent, I include here made. And where decisions have been doubled to arrive at the minimum of Secretary Volpe's address on Sunday made, they have generally enjoyed my actual conservation work done: that is, afternoon in Chicago: enthusiastic support, as well as the sup- $12 million. port of many of my colleagues. · ADDRESS BY JOHN A. VOLPE, SECRETARY OF Nebraska farmers have put these funds TRANSPORTATION, AT 3D OF MAY CONSTITU­ But today, I take exception to the re­ toward such uses as vegetative cover, TION DAY CELEBRATION, CHICAGO, ILL., MAY quest by the Executive that the present constructing reservoirs, terracing, and 4, 1969 $200 million agricultural conservative many others contributing to wise conser­ I am honored by your invitation to be here. program appropriation be reduced to 50 vation of our land and water. This is a momentous occasion for Polish­ percent, or to $100 million for the 1969 The priorities that President Nixon has Americans. I consider it a great privilege to fiscal year. join with you in observing it. set for the Nation have in general been President Nixon has asked me to extend to The whole concept of a reduced wisely chosen. But in this case where the you his gireetings on this your native holiday. budget is to combat inflation. It has potential for good of the ACP has been so He is mindful of the many and the rich con­ finally been determined by a courageous strongly demonstrated, and the potential tributions Polish Americans have made to administration that the present infla­ harm from failure to adequately conserve our culture. He is appreciative of the sacri­ tionary trend, which is far above that is so great, I feel that the Congress fices of Polish Americans in our wars. justifiable as contributing to sound should set a wiser course. And I want to tell you I have brought wit h growth, must be stifled by a reduction in me today my Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Mr. Walter M.azan, who is himself of Federal expenditures. This has meant Polish descent. Every morning Walter sa.ys budgetary reductions in every depart-. "Dobrii Dyen" and I say "Dyen Dobrii" and mental area with the exception of INEQUITABLE MILITARY PAY BILL after that everything seems to go pretty well. Justice. It must be psychological. But there are some programs that have Mr. Mazan has just joined me in the De­ not felt the pruning shears of the Budget HON. HOWARD W. POLLOCK partment after a period of outstanding serv­ Bureau. These programs have demon­ O;F ALASKA ice with the President's Office of Emergency IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Preparedness from 1957 through 1969. As strated a considerable contribution to our Aoting Director of Liaison with the Office of Nation in past and hold in st.ore the· Monday, May 5, 1969 Emergency Preparedness he was given a spe­ promise of valuable contribution in the cial citation in July 1968 by the National future. Such a program, in my estima­ Mr. POLLOCK. Mr. Speaker, under 37 Governors' Conference. The Governors said tion, is the ACP. U.S.C., 305 members of American military that Walter had created "the best working It is trite to say that a strong agricul­ service are eligible for special pay pro­ partnership in modern history . . . between tural economy has been one of the vided under certain circumstances while the Governors and the Executive Branch of primary factors in the building of our stationed outside of the 48 contiguous the Federal Government." great Nation. Without the wherewithal States. As a former chairman of the- Governor's Under this section special pay is given Conference I can tell you that those words of to feed our people and provide many raw praise for Walter are well earned. In fact, it materials for our industrialized Nation, to those persons serving in the Staite of was on the strength of his performance there we could not have advanced to our pres­ Alaska. However, as the law now reads, that I offered him a high level position on ent affluent position. an Alaskan who is assigned to Alaska my staff. May 5, · J969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11435

We meet to commemorate a great declara- . I maintain .that freedom will be restored world -knows that we mean what we say tion of freedom-the Polish Constitution. to the land of your fathers, and that tyranny about defending freedom at home and To some Americans, democracy and indiv:id- will not survive. abroad. ual liberty are long established facts and we I submit that Poland's war for liberation We are the strongest power in the world. occasionally tend to forget that these rights ls far from over, and that the people of We did not actively seek such power, but we have a most sacred meaning. We sometimes Poland will-again-join the proud ranks of have it and we have to use it responsibly. forget that our human heritage of freedom free men. We must courageously do what needs to be had its beginning long before our American But while we are concerned with the pros­ done for the cause of peace. We cannot win revolution and our own Constitutional con- pects of freedom abroad, we must be no less the peace by being weak. And that is why vention. The struggle for freedom from tyr- attentive to the protection of our liberty the President has decided to deploy a lim­ anny-the battle for the rights of man begun at home. There is still much for us to do here ited A-B-M System to defend our deter­ many hundreds of years before. on these shores. rent power. The Safeguard will not only Our own Constitution was the culmination Freedom in America ls still unfinished protect us but will indicate our resolve to of the best efforts of many great men. We business and it is our job to take this gen­ resist tryanny from any quarter. The Presi­ need only mention the names of -Kosciuszko-- eration one step closer to our goal. Freedom dent's decision on the A-B-M is a perfect Pulaski-Lafayette--Von Steuben-and the has many enemies. example of the cautious but tough-minded significance is apparent. This opposition takes many forms. It can attitude of this Administration. (And let me add to that list, on behalf be the white man who hates the black man. Indeed, in the short period of three months of my own heritage, the names of two great It can be the black militant who cries out President Nixon has reoriented the Federal Italians who assisted in the American war for for race war and separatism. It can be the Government apparatus. He has inspired a independence: Cosima. Medici, and Colonel superpatriot who cries out for preventive war. new confidence in the people of this country. Francesco Vigo.) It can be the isolationist who demands that He is fighting inflation so your dollar will But the real point--is that if we think of we withdraw from world affairs and pretends still be able to buy your groceries and other these men solely in terms of their military that we have no responsibility to maintain needs. He has launched an anti-crime pro­ contribution to our freedoms, we miss a far the peace. gram in Washington, D.C., that could become greater truth. Your fathers-as did mine-came here to a model for other cities. He has proposed new Kosciuszko and Pulaski: came to the United find opportunity. They didn't want to leave ways to fight the hideous power of criminal States some fifteen years before the estab- their homes, but they did so for the sake of syndicate~. He is taking the Post Office out lishment of their own constitution. They the higher good, for the benefit of their fami­ of politics. He is doing his best behind the came not as free men but as men seeking lies. They found what they were looking scenes to prevent an explosion in the Middle freedom. They brought with them from their for and the Polish contribution ls now one East. And he is seeking an honorable peace native Poland the spirit of liberty. of the glorious chapters in American his- in Vietnam. In fact, as this group certainly knows, tory. Polish Americans have helped build Here is a real chief executive, then, who Kosciuszko made Thomas Jefferson the exec- America from the forges and factories to knows that performance is more impressive utor of his will and directed that all funds the pinnacle of professional and cultural and longer lasting than public relations. Here from his estates be used to purchase freedom achievement. They have enriched the whole is a man who can really lead the free world, for individual American Negro slaves. range of American life. who can negotiate from strength, and who is above all confident in the eventual victory Yes, my friends, the same great dreams However, the Poles who came to this coun- of freedom over totalitarianism. He needs and hopes--the same firm faith in the worth try did not turn their backs on their home­ your support, your confidence, your prayers, of the common man that later brought forth land. The work of the Polish National Al­ and your heart--and together we shall tha Polish Constitution earlier inspired our liance ls proof of that. This persistent en­ prevail. own struggle for freedom. The common effort deavor between the people of Poland and Again, my friends, I thank you for giving of American and Polish patriots is evident in the people of the United States, carried on me the opportunity to be here with you both documents. Listen to these excerpts against considerable obstacles, will continue today to celebrate this most significant occa­ from the stirring preamble of the Polish to pay great dividends for both countries. sion. God bless you all. Constitution: You may also be proud of the American "Prizing more than life, and every per- Research Hospital for Children in Krakow son.a.I consideration, the political existence, for it is preparing a better life for thos~ external independence, and internal liberty who will succeed us, regardless of nationality. of the nation. . . . In these and many ways, Polish Ameri- A. PHILIP RANDOLPH CELEBRATES "We do solemnly establish the present cans are building bridges of understanding 80TH BffiTHDAY Constitution which we declare wholly in- between people who want to live in peace violable in every part ..." with one another. It is evident that Polish and American While the Polish Constitution was a land- HON. SHIRLEY CHISHOLM patriots were of a common heart. They con- mark of democracy in its own time and re­ OF NEW YORK tributed spirit and thought to each other. mains so today, in the years in between we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Our American freedom owes a debt to these have learned how fragile liberty is unless Polish revolutionaries who established their there is equality as well. In fact, we are Monday, May 5, 1969 own national Constitution. Th:s is the mean- learning that without equality freedom can- Mrs. CHISHOLM. Mr. Speaker, tomor­ ing of the third of May to all Americans. not survive. ' row night at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel But to you Americans of Polish origin, the Today, we are trying to extend equal op- be Pollsh Constitution cannot but call forth portunity to all who are willing to help in New York City there will a testi­ other emotions. The Constitution was but themselves. The future of freedom today is monial dinner to mark the 80th birthday barely new when Poland was crushed and being moulded by decisions we take on the of one of the greatest living Americans, destroyed by invading armies. And the long neighborhood level-in the communities A. Philip Randolph, When the hisfory night of Poland began, and the great Po- where we live, work and go to school. I'm books are rewritten to give black citizens lish Constitution was forgotten. Or was it? not talking about theories; I'm talking about their due share of the credit for building whether a man can get a good job and find I say it was not. I say it will one day again a decent home for his family and a good our Nation, Mr. Randolph's stature will become the great document of human rights, school for his kids regardless of his accent, become more widely known. ~he governing document of the Polish Na- his color, or his religion. Even now it is impossible for the most tion. When this Nation was being born it was biased historian to deny him his page My friends, I have a deep conviction that helped into existence by the great heroes Kos­ in the history of the labor movement, for no noble effort by any man ever dies but ciusko and Pulaski. It needs such generous his monumental achievement in creating that, no matter how small it is, it becomes and dedicated men today, for we are fighting part of the rich human inheritance that another war for justice and opportunity. and winning recognition for his union in increases through the centuries and ever adds Many Americans, white and black, still do not the face of unwavering, bitter opposition to the improvement and glory of the state have an equal chance at the good things of from the railroads and from the rail­ of man. life. Americans who have benefitted from op- road brotherhoods. So it is with the Polish Constitution. It portunity--such as you and me--will be the But how many high school history stu­ exists and is remembered and revered. Wit- last to deny opportunity to any man, be­ dents realize that when President Harry ness our meeting here today. And I have no cause we of all people know what it really Truman is gl.ven credit for ordering de­ doubt but that in the cities and villages means. of Poland, May Third does not pass but what The fight for freedom continues on all segreg~tion of the armed s~rvices; or teachers and leaders and raitional men pause fronts. We must not retreat if America is Franklin D. Roosevelt for settmg up the to reflect on their memory of a former and to be the world's greatest democracy. What Fair Employment Practices Commission better way of arranging the affa.1.rs of men. Polish Americans have done for themselves during World War II, that these are I maintain that the Polish Constitution- . can give ap Americans a lesson. They have really A. Philip ·Randolph's- achieve­ a great statement of human hopes--still lives , fo_qght and died_for freedom in four of our ments? Without the moral pressure that in the hearts and minds of Polish people wars. Their s&crifi9es have made this country A. Philip ~ando~ph exerted by· warnihg everywhere. more eredibl · e i 1:1 .t he worl<:I at large-'-for the Truman that black Americ::iris woUld not 11436 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 5~ 1969 register to be drafted into a Jim Crow of a non-American governmental authority; nations. Then I could engage in intelligent, army, and by threatening Roosevelt with and - constructive discussion as ·Well as accept and a march on Washington to secure a fair Whereas, the Suez Canal has been closed attempt to understand people di:trerent from tWice in the pest ten years, subject to the myself. I can become actively involved in share of wartime employment for blacks, discretion of the Egyptian Government, and the political processes by voting, serving on it is not likely that either of these mile­ the most recent closing, in June of 1967, committees and, if I am so inclined, par­ stones in the civil rights struggle would resulted in a very substantial increase in ticipating in the legislative or executive have been reached. United States shipping cos.ts: branches of government at the local, state or Future historians will, I am sure, Mr. Now, therefore, be it resolved by the Sen­ even national level. Speaker, insure that A. Philip Randolph ate of the first session of the thirty-second However, I must realize that changing peo .. will be remembered as one of the great Oklahoma. Legislature, the House of Repre­ ple's attitudes toward each other is an evo­ men of his time, and pay him his just sentatives concurring therein: lutionary, time-consuming process requiring tribute for the role he has played in try­ Section 1. The Government of the United both persistence and patience. States should maintain and protect its sov­ ing to make this Nation become, some­ ereign rights and jurisdiction over the Pan­ day, truly the land of th~ free. ama Canal, and the United States Govern­ ment should in no way forfeit, cede, negoti­ DR. CLIFFORD C. FURNAS DIES­ ate, or transfer any of these sovereign rights SCIENTIST AND EDUCATOR or jurisdiction to any other sovereign nation PANAM.A CANAL: OKLAHOMA LEG­ or international organization. ISLATURE OPPOSES SURRENDER Section 2. Tha.t duly authenticated copies HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI of this resolution, after consideration a.nd OF NEW YORK enrollment, be prepared and sent to the HON. DANIEL J. FLOOD President; Secretary of State; Honorable IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF PENNSYLVANIA Daniel J. Flood of Pennsylvania; and all Monday, May 5, 1969 members of the Oklahoma Congressional IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Delegation. Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, my home Monday, May 5, 1969 city of Buffalo, N.Y., and the Nation Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, the passage have lost a distinguished citizen, scien­ on April 14, 1969, by the Oklahoma Leg­ SOLUTION TO OUR PROBLEMS tist, and educator, in the sudden passing islature of Senate Concurrent Resolution of Dr. Clifford C. Furnas, president emer­ No. 21 opposing relinquishment by the HON. WILLIAM D. HATHAWAY itus of State University of Buffalo and United States of its control over the Pan­ former Assistant Secretary of Defense OF MAINE for Research Engineering. ama Canal brings the total of such State IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES legislative actions to seven: Alabama, Dr. Furnas collapsed and died in Am­ California, Louisiana, Oklahoma, South Monday, May 5, 1969 sterdam, Holland, while on a trip with Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. Mr. HATHAWAY. Mr. Speaker, re­ Mrs. Furnas and a group of Buffalonians. In order that the Congress and the cently the Mutual Broadcasting System Besides his role at the Pentagon during Nation may be informed about the ac­ sponsored a "Solution to Our Problems" the Eisenhower administration, Dr. Fur­ tion of the Oklahoma Legislature in con­ contest. Twenty-five of the over 3,500 nas held a long series of advisory and nection with the current Panama treaty submissions were selected as winning other roles with the Federal Government, situation, I quote the indicated resolution essays. including the Congress, and spanning as part of my remarks: I am proud to state that a constituent several administrations. He was a dedicated public servant who CONCURRENT RESOLUTION No. 21 of mine, Mrs. Rita W. Clifford of South Resolution expressing the feeling of the Paris, Maine, wrote one of the prize­ devoted great effort and talent to the Oklahoma. Legislature that the United winning essays. best interests of his country, his com­ States should not relinquish its control I was extremely impressed with Mrs. munity, his educational activities and over the Panama Canal; and directing Clifford's proposed solutions to our na­ to his fellow man. In the true tradition distribution tional and world problems, and I am of the "busy man," he was never too busy Whereas, under the Hay-Pa.uncefote Treaty pleased to commend them to the atten­ to be helpful with counsel or otherwise of 1901 between Great Britain a11d the United in matters of both public and private· States, the United States adopted the princi­ tion of my colleagues in the House. Mrs. Clifford's essay follows: concern. ples of the Convention of Constantinople of It was a great privilege to have had 1888 as the rules for the operation, regula­ Most problems challenging our nation to­ tion, and management of the Panama Canal; day are products of a much more funda­ the opportunity to know Dr. Furnas. He and mental problem, a basic lack of trust, under­ left his mark wherever he went, as a Whereas, by the terms of the Hay-Bunau­ standing and communication among people friend and as a technician. Varma Treaty of 1903, between the Republic of the United States and of the world. Not Dr. Furnas had greart vision. He wrote of Panama and the United States, the per­ only do nationalities throughout the world in 1935 that man would one day fly to petuity of use, occupation, control, construc­ misunderstand and distrust those of dif­ the moon. Although at the time he tion, maintenance, operation, sanitation, ferent backgrounds (thus the Cold War, Viet­ doubted he would live to see the day, the and protection for said canal was granted to nam, the H-bomb threat) but even we prospect lies now in the very near fu­ the United States; and Americans lack insight into the motivations Whereas, the United States had paid the of our own countrymen of different races ture not only for flight to the moon, but Republic of Panama almost $50,000,000.00 in and socio-economic classes. for man to land on the moon. the form of a gratuity; and As President I would foster understanding The esteem in which he was held in his Whereas, the United States has made an among Americans by supporting increased home city is well expressed in an edi­ aggregate investment in said canal in an educational appropriations to improve the torial in the April 29 edition of the Buf­ amount of over $4,889,000,000.00 and qu9.lity of teachers and of the curriculum, falo Evening News, as follows: Whereas, said investment of any pa.rt especially in social studies and English. I there of could never be recovered in the would encourage the development of experi­ CLIFFORD C. F'URNAS event of Panamanian seizure or United States mental programs designed to reach the child Dr. Clifford C. Furnas pursued a great abandonment; and of the ghetto, now being missed by tradi­ variety of careers during a lifetime of ex­ Whereas, seventy per cent (70%) of the tional approaches. The mass media, especially traordinary breadth and accomplishment, and Canal Zone traffic either originates or ter­ television, could be instrumental in influ­ excelled in each of them. minates in United States ports; and encing adults by placing increased emphasis Olympic runner, teacher, scientist, author, Whereas, said canal is of vital strategic on materials and programs that promote un­ assistant secretary of defense, administrator, importance and imperative to the hemi­ derstanding among races, classes and ethnic university president--he was indeed a man of spheric defense and to the security of the groups. parts, a Renaissance man in the wide thrust United States; and I would further international understand­ of a fertile mind to which no human interest Whereas, a treaty has been proposed be­ ing by supporting the Peace Corps, increas­ or activity was deemed alien. tween the United States and the Republic ing the number of educational and cultural He was a prophet with honor in his own of Panama which in effect would greatly exchanges, urging an expansion of nonmili­ community. Such was his vision that he lived impair if not all but eliminate the known tary foreign aid and attempting to clarify to see the realization of many of the things and admitted sovereign rights of the United American objectives to other nations. he had boldly predicted in a book written States in said canal; and As a private citizen I should learn more while he was still a young man. Even in re­ Whereas, under said proposed treaty, the about our racial and ethnic groups, our tirement, his hunger for knowledge and ex­ Panama Canal would become the property urban and rural poor and people of other perience did not diminish. He was traveling May 5, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11437 in Missouri when felled by a stroke in 1968. Olympics in Antwerp. An often-told story in eng1neer1n2 from Purdue and the University When death came Sunday, he was touring the later years was how he watched Jean of Michigan. Among his many citations was Holland with a Buffalo Area Chamber of Guillemot out-run Paavo Nurmi in that the Golden Cross of the Order of Phoenix, Commerce group. event--"! trailed them right down to the conferred on behalf of the king of Greece in As head of Cornell Aeronautical Labora­ wire." 1963. tory, he displayed uncomm.on gifts of scien­ Two years later, he won the Big Ten UNIVERSITY CITATIONS tific insight and administrative competence, medal for the best combined scholastic and Among his other awards were a UB pub­ contributing greatly to its luster among the athletic record. lic service citation in 1961; a University of nation's leading research resources. He ap­ Before coming to Buffalo as director of Michigan Alumni citation in 1963; a cita­ plied these same talents to the public service the Curtiss-Wright research laboratory in tion for studies in blast furnace reactions, as a member of the Eisenhower sub-cabinet, 1943, Dr. Furnas had served as coach and Chicago District and Eastern States Blast in charge of the Defense Department's re­ teacher in Faribault, Minn., taught chemical Furnace & Coke Oven Associations, 1957. search and development program. engineering at Yale, and worked as co-or­ Also, the Frank J. Tone Award for out­ From the viewpoint of the Niagara Fron­ dinator of a large research and development standing achievements in metallurgy, 1957; tier, the high point of his career was his dis­ program for the National Defense Research the American Institute of Chemical Engineers tinguished and richly productive association Committee. Local Professional Achievement Award, 1968; with the State University of Buffalo, start­ CHEMICAL RESEARCH the J. Fred Schoellkopf Medal of the Western ing in 1954. New York Section, American Chemical Soci­ It was not merely that he presided over When Curtiss-Wright closed after the war, Dr. Furnas was instrumental in having the ety, 1962; and the Exchange Club's Golden an impressive expansion of UB and helped Deeds Award for community service, 1960. to make it a center of nuclear research. It lab donated to Cornell University. He was was not merely that he maintained the uni­ made executive vice president and director In 1964, Dr. Furnas received the title of fel­ versity in the liberal tradition of his prede­ of the converted lab, now Cornell Aeronauti­ low in the American Society of Mechanical cessors. cal Laboratory. Engineers. Of even greater importance, he guided UB's In earlier years, he did a great deal of re­ He was a member of Theta Chi, a social fra­ crucial transition from a relatively small, search in process metallurgy chemistry, spe­ ternity, and these honorary fraternities: Tau underfinanced private school--0ommitted cializing in and writing on fluid flow, heat Beta Pi, engineering; Phi Lambda Upsilon, basically to community service as an urban transfer, combustion and aviation research. chemistry, and Sigma Xi, research. university-to its present status as the fore­ In 1935, he wrote that man would fly to Dr. Furnas was a member of the Saturn most campus in a rapidly expanding State the moon-"! hardly expect it in my day"­ Club, the Cosmos Club, of Washington, the University system promising far greater bene­ and that air transports would some day travel Thursday Club, the Chemists Club and the fits than were dreamed of in the old UB days. 350 mph. Thirty years later, this amiable Statler Club of Ithaca. Thus Dr. Furnas has truly been character­ man laughed at some of his "horse-and­ PROFESSION AL ENGINEER ized as the architect of today's UB. It is in buggy predictions." His professional societies included: The that role that this versatile community OUTSTANDING CITIZEN leader will be chiefly remembered. American Chemical Society, American insti­ In 1965, on receiving the National Brother­ tute of Chemical Engineers, American Society The many facets of the life of Dr. hood Citation from the National Oonference of Mechanical Engineers the institute of Aero­ Furnas are well detailed in the following of Christians & Jews, Dr. Furnas told 800 nautical Sciences, the American Rocket So­ obituary from the same April 29 edition friends: ciety, the American Association for the Ad­ of the Buffalo Evening News: "Brotherhood in Western New York­ vancement of Science, and the Newcomen worthy as it is-will be shallow and fleeting Society. DR. FURNAS Is DEAD-Ex-CHANCELLOR OF UB until there is a reasonable pattern of inter­ Dr. Furnas was a professional engineer, li­ HELD MANY U.S. POSTS national oollaboration and good will." censed in the states of New York and Con­ Dr. Clifford C. Furnas, 68, president emeri­ He also was cited in 1952 by the Buffalo necticut. tus of the State University of Buffalo and a Evening News as one of Buffalo's outstanding He was a director of the Manufacturers & nationally recognized leader in the field of citizens. Traders Trust Co., and a former director of defense planning, died Sunday (April 27, Among his many books and articles are: the Irving Air Chute Co., Inc. 1969) in Amsterdam, Holland. "The Next Hundred Years," published in Dr. Furnas and his wife lived at 651 LeBrun The ninth chancellor of the 121-year-old 1932; "Man, Bread and Destiny," written with Rd., Eggersville. There is one daughter, Mrs. university and its first president following his wife in 1937, and "The Storehouse of Civ­ Carl Pollock, Denver, Colo., and four grand­ UB's affiliation with the State University, Dr. ilization," published in 1939. He also edited children, all of whom survive. Furnas collapsed while going to dinner and a number of scientific manuals and journals. His wife has requested that any memorial was pronounced dead on arrival at a hospital. In recent years, there was little time for contributions be made to the C. C. Furnas Dr. Furnas and his wife, the former Sparkle writing and personal research. Demands of Scholarship of the University of Buffalo Moore, were in Holland on the final day of a the university, plus active service of various Foundation. This scholarship fund was three-week Butfalo Area Chamber of Com­ government technical boards and panels, started in 1966 with $90,000, contributed by merce tour. The body was cremated. were too demanding. 2500 friends from all over the country._ Dr. Furnas retired Aug. 31, 1966, after 12 The enrollment at UB was 6800 when Dr. years as the chief administrator at UB, but A memorial service for Dr. Furnas will be Furnas became chancellor in 1955. By the held on Saturday at 11 a.m. in Clark Gym­ maintained his close contact with the uni­ time he retired, it had nearly doubled. versity as head of its Nuclear Research Center. nasium on the UB Campus. Members of the Under Dr. Furnas, UB's School of Engineer­ Community and the University administra­ ENVISIONED GREAT SCHOOL ing received its accreditation and many of tion will speak. UB's highest honor, the Chancellor's Medal, the buildings on the present Main-Bailey was bestowed on Dr. Furnas in February campus, including the $8 Inillion health 1968, by his successor at UB, President Martin science complex, were constructed. Meyerson, who described his as "architect of GOVERNMENTAL ADVISOR THE 178TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE today's university," and "the first to speak POLISH CONSTITUTION and dream of ... the great university which At the time of his appointment to UB, Dr. has been developed." Furnas was a member of the Committee on Shortly after his appointment as chancellor Aircraft Construction of the National Ad­ HON. JOSEPH P. ADDABBO in 1954, Dr. Furnas took a leave of absence visory Committee for Aeronautics; the Army to become assistant secretary of defense for Ordnance Advisory Committee and chairman OF NEW YORK research and development. He resigned that of the Technical Advisory Panel of Aeronau­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tics for the assistant secretary of defense. position two years later after differences of Thursday, May 1, 1969 opinion with Defense Secretary Charles E. He was instrumental in organizing the De­ Wilson. fense Science Board formed in 1956, was a Mr. ADDABBO. Mr. Speaker, May 3 Later he occupied a series of other govern­ member of the board and its former chair­ marks the l 78th anniversary of the Po­ ment posts under Presidents Eisenhower and man. He also was chairman of the Army Scientific Advisory Panel, and a trustee of lish Constitutioh of 1791. On this day we Kennedy. He was cited many times for his in the Congress Jom with people contributions to national defense, engineer­ the Naval Research Advisory Commission of ing and brotherhood. the Aerospace Corp. throughout the United States in paying In all his activities, Dr. Furnas stressed tribute to our Polish friends and to the IN COLLEGE TRACK the importance of basic as well as develop­ spirit of the people of Poland who live Born Oct. 24, 1900, tn Sheridan, Ind., Dr. mental research. under Communist oppression. Furnas received a bachelor of science degree He was a member of the State's General with honors from Purdue in 1922. He earned Advisory Committee on Atomic Energy and a We remember the spirit of democracy a PhD f.rom the University of Michigan in past chairman of the State Advisory Council embodied in the words of the Constitu­ 1926. for the Advancement of Industrial Research tion of 1791: A long-distance runner 1n college, Dr. Fur­ & Development. All power in a civil society should be de­ nas competed in the 5000-meter at the 1922 Dr. l"urnas held honorary doctorate of rived from the will of the people. 11438 EXTENSIONS OF -REMARKS May 5, · 1969 We also remember the third partition judge was Dr. Kurt Bode, now retired Gen­ you.r speedy intervention so that justice may of Poland in 1795-just 4 years· later­ eralstaatsa.nwalt Schleswig-Holstein, the be restored prior to the · expiration of the by Russia, Prussia, and Austria. Since prosecutor was Dr. Ludwig Giesecke, and the stat"Q.lte of limitations on Nazi crimes. · executor was the later SS Sturmbannfuehrer We already requested the Minister of Jus­ that time Poland has never been free, Kurt Eimann. tice to remove this case from Schleswig Hol­ but has lived with tyranny. In 1965, a US citizen, Dr. George C. Fuz of stein jurisdiction and that a proper discipli­ Despite the history of oppression, the Los Angeles, Calif., whose father was mur­ nary action be taken against the prosecu t­ will and courage of the Polish people has dered as the defender of the Post Office in ing authorities of Schleswig-Holstein f or remained intact. This year's May 3 ob­ Danzig in 1939, requested the Zentrale Stelle their dereliction of duty and condoning of servance is marked by the simultaneous in Ludwigsburg to identify, to locate, and a Nazi crime. observances of the 30th anniversary of to prosecute all persons responsible for the We are respectfully requesting you and judicial murder of the postal employees in your Party to: the German-Soviet attack on Poland; Danzig. In 1964, the persons responsible for 1. Institute a formal judicial and Bunde­ the 25th anniversary of the Warsaw up­ this crime were located in the Federal Re­ stag inquiry into the past handling of this rising and the bloody victory at Monte public of Germany, and the Zentrale Stelle case of deliberate shielding of former high Cassino and the 25th anniversary of the indicated that they would be prosecuted judicial official from murder charges and of founding of the Polish American Con­ through the Staatsanwaltschaft Luebeck. deliberate delaying tactics in the process of gress. In 1966, the Staatsanwaldtschaft Luebeck justice for five years. The spirit of the Polish people has kept abandoned the criminal proceedings stating 2. Initiate a. Bundestag inquiry as to the that the defenders of the Post -Office were reasons why the Auswaertiges Amt main­ alive the hope for freedom. While com­ "Franc tireurs"(l). A complaint to the Gen­ tained complete silence and totally ignored munism has crushed liberty in Poland, eralstaatsanwalt Schleswig-Holstein brought our repeated requests, in the interest of it can never crush the spirit of the peo­ the same answer that the law was not broken justice, for amicus curiae in this case, al­ ple. by the members of the Eberhardt court. Sub­ though fully knowing the deliberate viola­ That is why we observe this anni­ sequent Klageerzwingungverfahren to the tion of the elementary standards of the in­ versary of the Polish Constitution of 1791 Oberlandesgericht Schleswig Strafsena..t ternational law and its responsibilities under brought a. decision in early 1968 that the the present treaty with the United States of and pay tribute to the Polish struggle members of the court "das damals geltende America concerning a fair and impartial ju­ against tyranny. Recht nicht vorsaetzlich gebeught haben"(l), dicial hearing before German judiciary for however, the court indicated that if new United States citizens. evidence is found the case may be reopened. 3. Initiate legislation for prompt and ef­ In June 1968, the Katholls ches Buero fective compensation by the Government of NAZI WAR CRIMINALS Bonn -approached the Bundesminister der the Federal Republic of Germany oo the fam­ Justiz with a Vorlage indicating its concern ilies of the victims of this crime committed with the treatment of this case by the prose­ by agents of the Reichsregierung on inter­ HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON cuting authorities in Schleswig and the nationally protected and guaranteed territory OF CALIFORNIA court. The subject of their particular con­ of Danzig. cern was why the court did not answer the Please accept our assurances of our highest IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vital questions whether or not the Post Of­ consideration, Monday, May 5, 1969 fice was attacked during the peace time by Respectfully yours, group of Nazi law-breakers, and why the H. WESTWALEWICZ, Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. court maintained that the law was not delib­ President. Speaker, I wish to bring to the attention erately broken by the murderous court in of my colleagues a letter written by Mr. 1939. H. Westwalewicz of the California In late 1968, two new documents were branch of the Polish American Congress. found in Bundesmilitaera.rchiv indicating LAW DAY, U.S.A., 1969 This letter, which I learned of from Dr. beyond any doubt that the criminal attack­ Alfred J. Wrobel, a professor of history ers were not members of the German Armed at El Camino College in Torrance, Calif., Forces and that the prosecutor himself of HON. CARL ALBERT the murderous court had most serious doubts OP OKLAHOMA details the facts of a long fight that Dr. whether or not the postal employees could be George C. Fuz of Los Angeles has been tried as "Franc Tireurs" in view of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES waging with German authorities to bring "besondere Lage von Danzig." Thursday, May 1, 1969 to justice certain Nazi war criminals in Following our letter, in August 1968, to Germany. the President of the Bundestag, we were In­ Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, on this, This case takes on special significance formed in November 1968 by the Zentrale the first day of May, the Communist­ Stelle that the Staa.tsanwa.ltscha!t Luebeck dominated world celebrates the estab­ and urgency because of the fact that the reopened the criminal proceedings against lishment of regimes which destroy the German statute of limitations on Nazi Bode. liberty, the democracy, and the freedom war criminals is due to expire at the On February 14, 1969, the Staatsanwalt­ which- the rest of the world so highly end of the year. While I have no knowl­ schaft Luebeck indicated that it abandoned esteems. In order to demonstrate our edge of the facts related in this case, I further proceedings against the murderers believe it important that any remaining of the postal employees as there was no new love of the blessings which a free people evidence in this case; it referred in its de­ enjoy, our country recognizes May 1 as Nazi war criminals be prosecuted before Law Day. this statute expires. cision to only one document (Acta of the Wehkrels Danzig) and no reference at all was For us, this day gives Americans the The letter follows: made to the supplied acta of the 3rd Ger­ opportunity to express their gratitude POLISH AMERICAN CONGRESS, INC., man Army (the record of the fateful tele­ not only for the free democratic Govern­ Los Angeles, March 7, 1969. phone conversation between the prosecutor ment which our forefathers have passed HERR VORSITZENDE DER FDP F'RAKTION, and the illQ(Gericht)) . Deutscher Bundestag, Since this case contains, according to the on to us, but it gives us an appropriate Bonn, Germany. doctrine of Res Ipsa Loquitur, and the most time when we may recognize the impor­ DEAR Sm: The Polish American Congress elementary principles of international law, tance of law in building and maintain­ wishes to bring to your attention the follow­ a.nd the German criminal law, no mysteries ing the structure of our society. We are ing grave matter: On September 1, 1939 at at all for a mandatory prosecution of mur­ indeed fortunate to enjoy the fruits of 4:30 AM, thus during the peace time, the der, the Polish American Congress cannot a thousand years of the evolution of the Polish Post Office Am Heveliusplatz in Dan­ escape the unfortunate conclusion that the Anglo-Saxon common law-a system of zig was attacked without any provocation by prosecuting authorities are deliberately law which is so much a part of our his­ Sturmbann E (Hilfspolizei under command avoiding prosecution of their former high of police lieutenant Kurt Eimann). The ranking colleague in violation of the exist­ tory and civilization that many now term Reichschancellor officially declared in the ing German law, the international law, the it the Anglo-American legal system. Reichstag on September l, 1939 that hos­ Human Rights Conventions and their own Needless to say, before the time of our tilities against Poland began at 4.45 AM. At oath of office. Federal Constitution it brought to us a that time, the only official unit of the Ger­ We are further gravely concerned that determination to preserve the rights man Armed Forces in Danzig was the naval such a perversion of a legal process is possi­ which had been won for Englishmen over ship "Schleswig-Holstein" which commenced ble in a Reichtsstaat and that a United. States hundreds of years by both revolution and hostilities at 4.45 AM. citizen is deliberately deprived. of a fair and evolution. And, we were so determined The defenders of this public institution, impartial judicial hearing in a friendly state. protected by law and by international agree­ In view of the fundamental character of to preserve these rights that our fore­ ments (international status of the Free City this case, and the deliberate five yea.rs de­ fathers incorporated them within our of Danzig), were later in 1939 executed as lay in justice, the Polish American Congress written Federal Constitution. Americans "Franc tl.reurs"(l) by a military court of the in the name of fifteen million Americans of today in observing Law Day will, there­ former Freikorps Eberhardt. The presiding Polish ancestry is respectfully requesting fore, thank those who have preceded us May 5, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11439 for preserving for their posterity the valor in the face of superior odds and their the rare characteristics he possessed so rights of free speech, free choice of reli­ heroism led to the creation of Cinco de Ma.yo abundantly. gion, freedom of the press, freedom from as a national holiday for Mexico. How better could .we close than by quot­ Although halted momentarily by the ing from the old-fashioned motto that hung unlawful search and seizure, and the courageous Mexicans at Puebla. the French in his bedroom at Abilene, "Thy Will Be right of trial by jury. For these precious ultimately were able to capture Mexico City Done." rights Americans stand ready to fight, and to install Archduke Maximilian of Aus­ and even to die that they shall not perish. tria upon the throne. Yet, as we know, Maxi­ mlllan never commanded the allegiance of NATIONWIDE SUPPORT BACKS RE­ the Mexican people. What control he did TENTION OF OFFICE OF SMALL­ have was limited and totally dependent upon TOWN SERVICES OF DEPART­ CINCO DE MAYO the French troops in Mexico. I am glad to say that with the conclusion of the Civil War, MENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN the United States was able to come to the DEVELOPMENT HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON rescue of its southern neighbor. Our nation refused recognition of Maxlmllia.n and de­ OF CALIFORNIA manded that the French recall their expedi­ HON. JOE L. EVINS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tionary force. Left to rule on his own, Maxi­ OF TENNESSEE Monday, May 5, 1969 milian was captured by the Mexicans in June 1867, and soon executed. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. The 5th of May thus commemorates a Monday, May 5, 1969 Speaker, today is an important day in day upon which courage and love for their homeland enabled Mexicam> to triumph over Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker. the history of our Mexican neighbors to there is great interest in continuing and the south of us. It is "Cinco de Mayo," the troops of a foreign power. It is with real pleasure that I join with our Mexican friends retaining the Office of Smalltown Serv­ 107th anniversary of the Battle of in paying tribute to the strength, valor, and ices in the Department of Housing and Puebla, in which a small. courageous patriotism of those men who fought so Urban Development which is providing a band of Mexican patriots victoriously re­ bravely and so well on that day in Puebla vital and essential service to smalltown pelled a superior, well-prepared force of more than 100 years ago. In so doing we also America. French troops led by their leader, Na­ pay tribute to all the citizens of Mexico in In this connection, I place in the poleon III, who had greedy designs on whose hearts burn the self-same love of the homeland of the Mexican people. country. In memory of that great day, we RECORD herewith a number of communi­ extend greetings and warmest best wishes to cations which I have received recently To the 2 million Mexican Americans in the great neighbor to the south of us-­ expressing interest in the continuation California and some 20,000 in the 17th Mexico. and expansion of this Office, including Congressional District, this is a day of a letter from my colleague, Congressman special significance. It recalls the courage GRAHAM PURCELL. and spirit of that brave group of defend­ DWIGHT DAVID EISENHOWER The communications in support of ers and symbolizes a victory of the hu­ Office of Smalltown Services in the De­ man spirit over all military odds. partment of Housing and Urban Devel­ Let us, then. look briefiy at Mexican HON. DURWARD G. HALL opment follow: OF .MISSOURI history in order to more fully understand HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVJ;:S, the significance of the Battle of Puebla IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Washington, D.C., April 28, 1969. and "Cinco de Mayo": Monday, May 5, 1969 Hon. JOE L. EVINS, After emancipation from Spanish control U.S. House of Representatives, in 1822, Mexico experienced many difficulties. Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, the "Ameri­ Washington, D.O. Changes of government were often accom­ can War Dads" were formed in Kansas DEAR JoE: I have just heard of your efforts panied by bloodshed and violence. Several City, Mo., during World War II. Their to attempt to save the Office of Small Town European nations continued to cast greedy program consists very simply of how they Services in the Department of Housing and glanc~ upon the struggling young na.tion. can best help the men and women in Urban Development. In the early 1860's Benito Juarez was able service. The qualification for member­ I just wanted to let you know that I am to establish a liberal government. Yet do­ behind you 100 % . If the small, common mestic turmoil accentuated the financial ship is that the member have a son or dying towns in my District did not obtain difficulties of his government, which, along daughter in the service. aid in solving their problems in creating a with other confiscatory measures at home, Mr. Elwyn S. Woods, the Americanism more attractive environment for individuals. refused to acknowledge the foreign debts and patriotism chairman of the Missouri then I think we can expect them to continue contracted by its predecessors. This, plus St-ate Association of American War Dads to wither away until there is nothing lett claims for compensation of d a.mage incurred has written this tribute to Dwight D. of rural America. during the Mexican civil strife, gave a.n easy Eisenhower. Under unanimous consent The Office of Small Town Services repre­ pretext for intervention. I insert this article at this point in the sents a ray ot hope in an otherwise gloomy Three powers were interested in Mexico-­ picture. I hope you are successful in con­ Great Britain, Spain, and France, but the RECORD: vincing the Department that abolishment of operation which finally developed was mainly DWIGHT DAVID EISENHOWER this office would not be in the best interests a project ot Napoleon III of France. His mo­ (By Elwyn S. Woods) of anyone. tives were complex and somewhat confused, Unworth y as our effort may be, we must pay Warmest regards, but basically he want ed to create a. zone of our tribute to one who lived so generously GRARAllC PuRCELL. French influence in Mexico and to placate for others. Catholic opinion in France by favoring cleri­ ms first altar at his mother's knee. and WASHINGTON, D.C., cal interests in Mexico. her great faith when his childish tantrums April 29, 1969. In October 1861, Britain, France, and Spain obsessed him must have tempered his life Repr esen tative JoE L . EVINS, agreed to joint action which took the form of and laid the f oundation for the altar of de­ Oh.airman, Su bcommi ttee on Independent occupation of Vera Cruz. Spain and Britain, votion to his country upon which he placed O ffices and Department of Housing and however, had no such far-reaching designs his life and his fortune, in later years. Ur b an Development, House Office Bui ld­ as France, and, in 1862, t hey withdrew, leav­ The titles of Soldier, Statesman, General i ng, Washington, D.C.: ing the French to pursue their grandiose and President do not truly indicat e his great­ In the National Rural Electric Cooperative schemes alone. ness. They but epitomize the inner qualities Association's position paper on rural develop­ About 6,000 French soldiers ~et out from and talents which made their attainment in­ ment of January, 1969, we Strongly recom­ Vera Cruz to Mexico City to the victory they evitable. So many aspire to greatness but fall mend that the Department of Housing and were sure would be theirs. Yet their confi­ short of the goal; he never was ambitious Urban A1fallrs give high priority to helping dence was unwarranted, for on May 5, 1862, for honors but acquired them all. small communities. Moreover, we recom­ they encountered a courageous band of Mexi­ Abilene, Kansas, can rightfully claim the mend that the office of small town services can patriots at Puebla, a strategic city half­ dist inction of his boyhood d ays, but his be expanded as one step in insuring that way between Vera Cruz and Mexico City. death, as was said of Mr. Lincoln, "makes small towns are not bypassed by HUD's pro­ When the French general reached Puebla, him belong to the whole world." grams. We are disturbed to learn that this he chose to send his men into the center of We know not how historians will record office may be curtailed. In which event, the Mexican fortifications, over a. d.ltch and a him-nor do we care. One thing we know for prospects of rural areas receiving HUD as­ brick wall and up the steep slopes of the sure--thls great American P a triot was loved sistance could be substantially lessened. Cerro de Guadalupe. Led by the great leader, by all. He will be long remembered when ROBERT D. PARTRIDGE, Ignacio Zaragosa., the Mexicans fiung the others are thought of no more. Let us think G eneral Manager, Rural Electric Co­ French back to Orlzaba and the coast. Their of him often that we may be relnspired by oper ative Association. 11440 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 5, 1969 WASHINGTON, D.C., ment of rural America and does support any our city in . the upgrading of many of our May 2, 1969. reasonable e:ffort to increase the economic public services. '· Hon. JOEL. EVINS, · opportunities of rural residents so that the We rely heavily on its advice and assistance Chairman, Subcommittee on Independent trend of migration to urban areas may be and our cominunity would be deeply disap­ Offices and Housing and Urban Develop­ slowed or, in fact, reversed. pointed and affected if the services of this ment, Rayburn House Office Building, Therefore, we feel that it is of vital im­ Department are discontinued or even dimin­ Washington, D.C. portance that the special office in H.U.D. en­ ished. Mr. CHAmMAN: The National Federation titled "Office of Small Town Services" not Best regards. of Independent B~siness, with more . than. only be retained but expanded to meet the BOB BREEDING, · a quarter of · a million members, has been · needs of rural communities. Mayor, City of Sparta, Tenn. intensely interested in your biil H.R. 799, "RURAL AREA DEVELOPMENT for development o:l rural America. We have KENAI, ALASKA, polled our members twice on your bill and "The basic cause of the crisis in our cities May 1, 1969. :found that a very large majority of our today is the flocking of our people from the · Representative JOE EVINS, members supported it. Recommendation rural areas in search of a better way of life. Washington, D.C.: No. 51 of the final report of the Select Com­ This migration from rural areas, which no Urge your support NRECA position to re­ mittee on Small Business (H. Rept. 1985) longer requires the labor of a large number tain HUD Sma,11 Town Office. urges that the· omce of Small Town America of people · in its agricultural pursuits, has JESS H. NICHOLAS. in HUD be enlarged and that it act as co­ been recognized by the President and the ordinating and liaison agency for all Federal Congress. HOMER, ALASKA, programs a11:d agencies on behalf of smaller "The Grange recommends that public May 1, 1969. cities and towns. We fervently hope that policy goals should include: Hon. JOE EVINS, "1. Adequate assistance to help rural people your appropriations subcommittee will take U.S. House of Representatives, the small business committee recommenda­ adjust to changes within agriculture or to Washington, D.C.: tion into account when considering appro­ obtain the nieai:i.s to enable them to make We strongly support and urge considera­ priations for iruD. rewarding contributions in non-farm em­ tion of continuance of the office of Small GEORGES. BULLEN, ployment; Town Services within the office Of Housing "2. Adequate assistance to help them adjust '\,~ Legislative Director, National Federa.- and Urban Development. The problems with . ' tibn of Independent Bu'siness. · their community institutions such as health, the cities are dev.eloping because of inade­ education and welfare, to a changed environ- quate opportunities and facilities Of small ment. . r AMERICAN PUBLIC POWER AsSOCIA.TION, ·towns. Surely by now this should be appar­ Washington, D.C., April 25, 1969. "Further, the National Grange will support . ent to all concerned with the problem. all legitimate efforts to improve opportuni­ Hon. JoE L. EVINS, EDWARD REHDER, ties and economic income-producing poten­ President, Homer Electric Association. Chairman, Subcommittee on Independent tial for small farmers to reduce migration to Offices and the Department of Housing cities and aggravation of tensions." and Urban Development, U.S. House of KENAI, ALASKA. The above policy statement was adopted by Representative JosEPH Evms, Representatives, Washington, D.C. the delegate body of the National Grange, at DEAR CHAmMAN EVINS: As you know, the its 102nd Annual Session, in November, 1968. Washington, D.C.: American Public Power Association repre­ City of Kenai urgently urges strengthening The necessary funding of H.U.D. to retain office of Small Town Services HUD vital to sents more than 1,400 local publicly-owned and expand the "Office of Small Town Serv­ electric utilities ln 48 States. Moot of these ices" is of primary importance in meeting Alaska development. . systems are municipally-owned and serve JAMES W. HARRISON, the needs of our rural-urban residents. City Manager. small communities throughout the Nation. Mr. Chairman, we would be pleased to have These small urban areas have unique prob­ this letter made a part of the hearing record. WASHINGTON, D.C., lems. They are neither problems of rural, Sincerely, May-2, 1969 . . agricultural areas nor probleins of large ur­ JOHN W. SCOTT, Master. Congressman JOEL. EVINs, ban complexes. House of Representatives, Because of the fact that most of our mem­ Washington, D.C.: bers are located in small towns and conse­ WASHINGTON, D.C., Rural areas and small towns are victims quently face these unique problems, we were May 2, 1969. of unorganized points of persuasion. They encouraged by the estfl..blishment in the De­ JOE L. EVINS, do not riot and demonstrate. They feel that partment of Housing and Urban Develop­ Chairman, Subcommittee on Independent the office of Small. Towns Services ls their ment of an Office of Small Communities. Offices and Department of Housing and only· unk with-Hon. .A cooperative league ls · Attention to the po6Slbility Of enhancing . Urban .Development Appropriations, U.S. distressed that our rural and small towns the viabllity of the small town has a dual House of Representatives, Washington, communities· are being by-passed instead of beneficial e:ffect of retaining the small com­ D.C.: encouraged to stay in the rural areas. Your munity structure within the country and Proposed action to close the Office of Small support for maintenance and expansion of preventing additional outfiow of people firom Town Services in HUD would be a tragic the office of Small Town Services will be small towns to already overcrowded large blow to small towns and cities that are eligi­ appreciated. clties. ble for ma.ny HUD programs. We urge that DWIGHT D. TOWNSEND, A survey conducted by International Re­ congressional mandate that HUD serve both Vice President, Cooperative League of search Associates for the National Rural small cities and large cities be followed so U.S.A. Electric Coopeiratlve Association showed all can get equitable treatment. that 53% of the people would prefer living TONY T. DECHANT, MADISON, WIS., in small communities but only 29% feel that President, National Farmers Union. May 2, 1969. small communities o:ffer the best opportu­ Hon. JOE L. EVINS, nity for "building a good life" for oneself. COOKEVILLE, TENN., House Office Building, The Office of Sinall Communities concen­ May 1, 1969. Washington, D.C.: trates on "building a good life" in these small Congressman JOEL. EVINS, We urge that you do everything possible towns which are preferred by a majority of Washington, D.C.: to preserve the office of Small Town Services the American people, and hence fills a vital As mayor of Cookeville I urge you to do all in the Department of Housing and Urban role in our governmental structure. This Of­ in your power to support the Office of Small Development. Rural America seriously needs fice has done a fine job in its short existence, Town Services in the Department of Housing supporting agencies such as this in its pres­ and has been extremely valuable to our and Urban A:ffairs. This office has rendered ent effort to improve its job and income Association and our members. We hope that invaluable services to Cookeville. We look for­ potential and general quality of life. Losing it will be retained and expanded in the ward to continued benefits from these serv­ this helpful facility or even a part of its Department of Housing and Urban Develop­ ices thls office renders. We urge you to support effectiveness will impair other vigorous at­ ment, where such an office properly belongs. this office in the Department of Housing and tempts at substantial rural development. In Sincerely, Urban A:ffairs. this event solutions surely will be delayed ALEX RADIN. ROBERT C. DAVIS, also for many urban troubles clearly rooted Mayor. in rural problems. NATIONAL GRANGE, W. V. THOMAS, Washington, D.C., May 1, 1969. SPARTA, TENN., General Manager, Wisconsin Electric Co­ Hon. JOE L. EVINS, May 1, 1969. operative. Chairman, Subcommittee on Independent Hon. JoE L. Evms, Offices and Housing and Urban Develop­ U.S. House of Representatives, COLUMBUS, OHIO. ment, Committee on Appropriations, U.S. Washington, D.C.: Congressman JoE Evms, House of Representatives, Washington, I strongly urge your continued support for· House Office Building, D.C. the Office of Small Town Services in the De­ Washington, D.C.: DEAR CONGRESSMAN EVINS: The National partment of Housing and Urban A:ffairs. This Would like to recommend expansion of Grange has a vital interest in the develop- office has been very useful and beneficial to Small Town Services in HUD's program. Our May 5, 1969 11441 State A'.ssoeiation of Rural Electric Coopers- · adopting ·a constitution of its own'. It is , tion facilities. The death rate at birth in tive representing 15,000 members supports appropriate that we recall in AII)eric~ Robbins is double that for the rest of the county where it is located. this pt~am. · · · th~t this early European assertion of 'HowAJU> A. CUMMINS, 3. Pembr'cike Township in Kankakee Coun­ · Ohfo·Rural Electric Cooperative. democracy was made in Poland and that . ty has 12,000 citizens and a physician only self-government w.as achieved without two days a week. MONTPELIER, VT., bloody revolution. At lea,st once a month some community May 2,1969. This year, several other significant .calls to tell me its desperate plight. O'Dell, Representative JOSEPH EVINS, dates in Polish history also coincide witn · Illinois-along Highway 66-has had J' sign Chairman, HUD Appropriations Committee, Constitution Day. We are sobered in re­ up for months that it needs a doctor. House of Representatives, calling that this is the 30th anniversary Dr. Thomsen suggests that the medical Washington, D.C.: of the German-Soviet attack on Poland; school must be used better-that they are We are informed that the Office of Small producing fine research people, but not near­ Town Services in the Department of Hous­ this date also marks the epic victory of ly enough family doctors. ing and Urban Development 18 in danger of Polish troops at Monte Cassino during He also feels that the medical schools being eliminated or financially curtailed. It World War II, as well as the heroic War­ should have more programs to help keep the is one of the few rural helps in HUD. NRECA saw Uprising; it also coincides with the physician in the small community abreast of in its programs for rural development has 25th anniversary of the founding of the the latest developments. recommended that this Office of Small Town Polish-American Congress. What the outspoken doctor says makes a Services be expanded and stepped up in pri­ Taken together these historic events great deal of sense. He calls the recent re­ ority for rur9.I area in the HUD multibillion serve as a solemn reminder of the price port to the Illinois Board of Higher Edu­ program. The loss of benefits from this pro­ cation to gradually increase the number of gram would be felt by the 12,000 plus peo­ that has been paid by the Polish people doctors as excellent but "too gentle with ple this cooperative serves. We wish to urge for an elusive freedom. Mr. Speaker, it time". you to eipress your support for much needed is fitting that we join today with people The Illinois Medical Society's President Office of Small Town Services. of Polish origin in America and through­ makes sense in what he says. JOHN H. LARKIN, out the world in a persistent hope that President, Washington Electric Coopetative. one day a free Poland may emerge. The deep faith and courage of every Pole is a RICHMOND, VA., source of inspiration to us all and re­ MEDICARE'S CHALLENGES May 2, 1969. Congressman JoE EVINS, affirms our belief that international House of Representatives, justice miist at last prevail. HON. H. R. GROSS Washington, D.C.: The Rural Electric Cooperatives of Vir­ OF IOWA ginia are greatly concerned about the de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES velopment of the rural areas Office of Small WE NEED MORE DOCTORS Monday, May 5, 1969 Town Services HUD can provide services to enhance our efforts as we work through free Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, it is a pleas­ enterprise to develop rural areas urge· that HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI ure for me to insert into the RECORD at this office be kept and adequately funded. OF ILLINOIS this time, the courageous address of my EARL J. SHIFFLET, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES colleague, the Honorable DURWARD G. Executive Manager, Virginia Monday, May 5, 1969 HALL, of MissourL The address was deliv­ Association of Cooperatives. ered last Wednesday, April 30, before the Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, Lt. INDIANAPOLIS, IND., 170 members of the American College of May 2, 1969. Gov. Paul Simon, of Illinois, in a column Hospital Administrators attending the Hon. JoE L. EvINs, distributed to newspapers throughout the District 2 Education Assembly on Hos­ U.S. House of Representatives, Stat~ touched upon the need for more pital Administration, in Pittsburgh, Pa. Rayburn Office Building, Washington, D.C.: doctors to service the populace. Congressman HALL'S remarks were de­ On behalf of Indiana's Rural Electric Co­ His comments were inspired by the livered not only as a Member of Congress, operatives and their 190 thousand member emphasis which has been placed on the but as a former physician and surgeon, consumers we urge that adequate funds be subject by Dr. Philip G. Thomsen, pres­ provided for the Office of Small Town Serv­ and specialist in general surgery with ices in the Department of Housing and Ur­ ident of the Illinois Medical Society. The the Smith-Glynn-Callaway Clinic, in ban Development. Such funds are essential article tells its story in a very effective Springfield, Mo. The address follows: to guarantee the use of bold, imaginative fashion drawing upon an extremely Recently I sought permission and by unan­ and large scale corrective measure to help knowledgeable source. imous consent was given the opportunity to reverse the social and economic detioration The article follows: insert in the Congressional Record, a sixty of rural areas and arrest the migration of WE NEED MORE DOCTORS page report published by the Washington displaced rural people to urban centers. office of AMA, entitled, .. Federal Medical Our leadership is ready, wllling and able (By Lt. Gov. Paul Simon) Health Appropriations for Fiscal 1969." Simi­ to assist in the vital path of revitalizing The president of the Illinois Medical So­ lar annual reports prepared by the Washing­ rural areas we further urge that Congress ciety recently issued a strong statement ton office of AMA have been made available put high priority to the solution of this calling for a dramatically stepped up pro­ since the early 1960-s. Like all growing things, problem with the objective of making rural gram to have more doctors in the state. Federal health appropriations have blos­ America a full partner in the Nations life Dr. Philip G. Thomsen's unusual state­ somed. Listen to these figures for the fiscal and prosperity. ment squarely faces the realities in Illinois. year ending June 30, 1954-Federal expendi­ A. D. MUELLER, He notes, among other things, that Illinois tures were one billion dollars. Six years later Executive Vice President. medical schools graduated 40 fewer last year and in fiscal year 1960 the total was 3 billion than in 1934, when he got his diploma. 160 million dollars. Six years later, for the "We cannot afford the luxury of tim.e," fiscal year 1966 (and by now medicare was on he stated. "America had a crash program in the books) the total reached $15 billion, 517 POLISH CONSTITUTION DAY World War II which doubled the annual million. In the current fiscal year, which wlll output of doctors. We need the same thing end on June 30, 1969, the expected total will now." be $16 bllllon, 771 million. More than 100 HON. JOSEPH E. KARTH Not only are there fewer physicians and health programs are found throughout the dentists, as he points out, but because of the ' OF MINNESOTA National Government in 21 separate Depart­ increasing specialization there are fewer and ments and Agencies. The Department with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fewer in the areas of greatest need. the lion's share of appropriations is the De­ Monday, May 5, 1969 Here are some examples which I have partment of HEW which in this current year seen: will have available more than 11.8 billion dol­ Mr. KARTH. Mr. Speaker, on the 3d of 1. A teacher in an inner-city situation lars. The dollar-growth experienced in Fed­ May, the U.S. Congress traditionally said none of her second grade students had eral programs has been kept pace with-by joins with citizens of Polish origin in been to a dentist until she took them to a the increase in the number of legislative pro­ commemorating -one of the outstanding dental school. So.me of their teeth were in posals. Twenty years ago, for the full two events of Polish history-the 3d of May unbelievably bad shape. There are no den­ year 8lst Congress, only 251 bills could be Constitution Day. tists in the area of the school. identified· as dealing with -medical matters. 2. A .few WGeks. ago I visited the commu­ In the 90th Congress (which closed last Oc­ 9n th¥> pay in 1789,, Poland pio~eered nity of Robbins, population 9,500. They have tober)~ .the. total number .of bills attributed f reedow.. an~ . IiberaliSJ;n in Europe by no physician and very limited transporta- to medicine or health . totaled 1453. 'I.'here· 11442 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 5, 1969 can be no doubt that the Federal Govern­ remai.ns in the States, to pick and choose 7. We should all speak out against the 'ijb­ ment's interest in medicine .is in an fnfia­ the objects of Federal financing for not only eralization of .the eligibillty test in medicaid: . tionary spiral. 'new, but old facilities which need refurbish­ that is, the $5,600 program ·in New York and · I am sad to report that many O!f my col• ing and modernizing. others (needy not greedy) . · leagues in the Congress, fine fellows, but I certainly would oppose replacing State 8. The annual increment rate of physicians lacking in real training or insight into medi­ administration of grants, and instead sub­ fees has gone from three percent, perhaps cine's problems have become authors of "pro­ stitute putting administrative authority for due to a combined fear of schedules, the posed health legislation"-legislation which this program in a Federal arbiter. "fioor", and in many cases-pure gluttony, would be deleterious in many cases to the Another proposal before the same House have bungled the relationship with American quality of medicine. Let me give you such an com.mi ttee will broaden and enlarge programs nurses. example in this 91st Congress, i.e., 26 bills in the area of encouraging the production of The "league" could do some admittin' re: have been introduced to permit chiropractors all types of health personnel, doctors, nurses, Patient care! Having confessed, and hope­ to furnish their services to the public in all technicians, etc.-proposals of this type will fully purged and redirected-what then is federally assisted health programs. Still also receive my support. theRX?- others demagogue about what they consider As you know, I am one of only three physi­ 1. All members of the health-team, must the unreasonably high costs of delivering cians members of Congress. One Congress­ face up to the need of an orderly develop­ health services, by providers of such health man is a former druggist, none now are ment of priorities to assure maximum effect services. trained in dentistry, none have been a hos­ in use of federal funds, and all must have The knowledge about health matters pos­ pital administrator. You folks have a real the courage to say, let's go easy on research sessed by these "critics" regarding the fac­ chore to fill this vacuum by becoming ac­ money until we can get some of our prime tors involved is no more adequate, than it quainted with, ~nd giving advice to your needs cared for, such as the needed rehabil- was when the same congressmen voted to elected congressional representatives in a . itation of physical facilities, a balanced enact the programs without sufficient under­ field in which you are knowledgeable. If you budget, payment on the national debt, etc. standing and information-and now they don't run for, and fill this void, education of Mundane and square perhaps, but most complain that their programs are costing Congressmen in medical matters must, in my timely and essential-it's your money! the Federal Government too much money! opinion, be accomplished using hometown 2. Let us have the courage to say to Con­ Prior to the enactment of the medicare pro­ props. For instance, if your town or your gress, that many Hill-Burton hospitals in gram, hospital administrators were telling State has a medical personnel shortage and rural areas, with only fifty percent occupancy, Congress for years that the passage of fair you believe Federal funds are needed to aid are wastful ! Let's try to locate needed facili­ labor standards with higher minimum wages in producing more such graduates, let your ties without regard to political considera­ had to result in higher per diem rates. Physi­ Congressman know your views! Employ the tions, expediency, or crass provincialism! The cians were telling Congress that over-utiliza­ expertise of your school officials, have your old bromide of a "work-shop" plea, begets no tion would occur. They warned of a physi­ hospital administrators and trustees give more old fashioned general practitioner. cian-shortage because physicians were being their valuable advice, and don't fail to use 3. As a "health-team" we have a lot of drawn away from private practice by easy local and State officials who are aware of the "image" building to accomplish, before we Federal research grant money, thus causing need. If there are Federal programs which can restore the proper image to the American a more unfavorable doctor-patient ratio. They have been proposed erroneously, demonstrate people. We must do it together! We must not warned this would ca.use index-changes in the reasons why such a program should be fight among ourselves, instead we must gird the cost of delivering service, higher costs laid aside, or the effort transferred to more ourselves for the greater battle of overcoming than those predicted by eager HEW actuar­ meaningful areas-and again with hometown the health care needs for generations to come ial predictions of costs. They also were tell­ props, prove to your Congressman that there with increased demands and quality! We ing Congress that this would be especially is no unmet need. In any event, you must must not again sell each other (one or the compounded by heavy Government spend­ ever remain the professional experts. other) down the river for unit gain or the ing resulting in inflation which would raise You must offset advice provided Congress­ will of the wisp! the cost of providing services in its fallout men by "know-nothing" social planners who In closing, I would like to urge, that every­ on office rents, salaries of technicians, assist­ are without credentials, training, or meaning~ one of you present, if not as an organization, ants, and even the cost of malpractice insur­ ful medical knowledge. How a.bout a "heal­ by a response as an individual citizen--do ance rates (now practically unobtainable for ing arts committee?" your part to preserve our way of life-form class V risks) . The two recently enacted programs, Medi­ your own medical committee; call on your In my opinion and recollection your na­ care and Medicaid, are having a revolutionary congressman; write letters to your congress­ tional association and a good portion of your effect on the health care industry! They have man. This is the essence of good participation membership failed to join in warning the caused the average annual rate of hospital in the mechanics of a representative govern­ coot, which was calc~ated at seven percent ment in the republic whose constitution can Congress, that the cost estimates were un­ for the twenty years from 1945 to 1965, to realistically low. be changed from within. The effort ls worth soar to almost double that, following 1965. it. Liberal Members of Congress now don't Now that all of the members of the "health like to be told that their liberal (and un­ It's not two minutes' till midnight. This team" are being criticized by the news media is not the time for harbingers of doom or thinking) votes, thrust many of these pro­ and the Congress, there are some admissions grams into the statute books during the that all concerned should be prepared to "nervous Nellies." We have no time for the Great Society administration. make. There are solid reasons for the health­ kind of attitude; "it's our money-I'll get Their angry attitude is illustrated by such team to get together and suggest solutions: mine before they get theirs." It is the time to stand up and be counted for what is right. inquisition type hearings, as the current 1. Let the Congress admit that its "Medi­ "cost of care" hearings being scheduled be­ care" Act (passed versus professional advice), "Not gold, but only men can make, fore the Senate Finance Committee, the turned an expected ceiling on fees, into a A nation great and strong Senate Labor and Welfare Committee, and floor. Men who for truth and honors sake the House Interstate and Foreign Affairs 2. Let the AMA admit that there is a doc­ Stand fast and labor long. Committee. There are also the Nelson drug tor shortage of about 50,000. Action should Brave men, who work while others sleep, hearings, and the Hart hearings, etc., which have been taken to alleviate this years ago. Who dare while others shy are advertised as a "breach" between the 3. Medical school deans should admit, that They build a nation's pillars deep druggists and physicians; but actually are all along they could have taken a few more And lift them to the sky." meant to keep the entire free enterprise prac­ students. The graduating classes were dou­ tice system in bad repute with _the public. bled during World War II and should be do­ There a.re still other dangerous hearings be­ ing the same thing now. (An Illinois doctor ing held based on such legislative proposals has told me that 13 Illinois county-seat towns as those which would restrict the physicians are without an M.D.). HON. HARRY SHEPPARD from using any but generic drugs in all the 4. Let the medical teachers admit that they Government-financed (or partially financed) have been lured by easy federal research health programs, including medicare, medic­ money, instead of performing their prime HON. CHARLES H. WILSON aid, and the military dependents programs, function, teaching! (Grantsmanship!) OF CALIFORNIA to mention but a few. 5. Let the welfare departments admit, that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There are a goodly and adequate number for too long, they have been getting by with of worthwhile Federal programs advocated by paying less than actual cost for welfare pa­ Wednesday, April 30, 1969 the more thoughtful and studious Members tients. (Failure by definition!) Social secu­ Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON. Mr. of Congress. I, being a physician, attempt rity up and welfare up! Speaker, it was my privilege to serve in to give support, guidance, and advice on 6. The hospital association should admit this distinguished body with our late these, e.g., eldercare, needy, etc. The House that it erred in not warning the Congress of friend and colleague, Harry Sheppard. Interstate and Foreign Commerce Commit­ the high cost that would be incurred with tee has been holding hearings to effectuate a the passage of medicare. I did! What ·about His long tenure in the Congress will dis­ three-year extension of the Hill-Burton con­ selling out "training" for cheap-help, and tinguish him forever as a great Ameri­ struction program. Surely I expect to give my full coverage with elimination of your annual can and an invaluable credit to the State best efforts to assure a continuance of the twenty percent "charitable" accounts-receiv­ of California. He was a remarkably able fine program so long as its administration able? and energetic man who brought a great May 5, 19'69 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11443 ·deal more than simply adequacy to his did not provide for justice. There was cor­ tionship. Harry Sheppard was always duties, both in the House of Representa­ ruption in the state legislatures, rebellion in fair and genial and considerate---Our as­ tives and as the extremely able dean of the states to resist by force actions to collect sociation was memorable. He carefully debts, and riots in New England in response the California delegation. We have to foreclosures for taxes and debts. Only considered each request and his recom­ missed him a great deal since his re­ upon the ratification of the Constitution in mendations and decisions were appro­ tirement and his passing comes as a 178S- did the government begin on its way priate and judicious. saddening piece of news in these troubled to attaining justice and equality for all men. He also served ably as dean and leader times. One can easily see that the law has not of the California House delegation, and In his work on the Appropriations always been fair or good. Many times it has as a member of the Committee on Ap­ become "the tool of those few who merely seek propriations. Harry Sheppard was our Committee, . Harry Sheppard was a control over others. This is where "you" stanch and responsible guardian of our enter. This is where the individual must re­ · good friend and he will be greatly missed. national security and a true patriot as solve himself to do what is right by creating I take this means. of extending to Mrs. well. I remember him for these quali­ the just law that is fair to all men. However, Sheppard and other members of the ties and, above all, his characteristic there are those who think that society can family this expression of my deepest and and unwaivering honesty. He was a rare never be exonerated of all its sins against most sincere sympathy in their loss and and special Congressman who brought mankind. They call for the complete destruc­ bereavement. the best qualities to the job. tion of society and all its laws, whether good or bad, in hopes of creating a new world of He and his lovely wife Kay were al­ justice and equality. Such was the mistake ways a gracious and generous host and of the French Revolution of 1789. There were hostess to all of us; we will deeply miss many voices who realized the force of tradi­ PENNSYLVANIA-FIRST IN THE NA­ Harry's good humor and companionship. ·tion in human affairs and tried to holdfast TION TO ESTABLISH Am AND To Kay Sheppard, Mrs. Wilson and I to what was good and useful in the older WATER POLLUTION MONITORING extend our deepest sympathies at this order. However, their voices were silenced by NETWORKS the roar of the Paris mob. And so the older diffi.cult time. order was swept away before a new one was . We in the House of Representatives ready to take its place. As a result, the HON. ALBERT W. JOHNSON are fortunate to have had Harry Shep­ French Revolution became nothing but suc­ OF PENNSYLVANIA pard's friendship and guidance for so cessive attempts to build up an ideal order IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES many years. He was an exceptional on ruins. Only by working with what man Member of this body and an outstand­ has so painstakingly learned through many Monday, May 5, 1969 ing American. He will occupy a distin­ centuries of war and peace, slavery and free­ dom, and tyranny and democracy can one Mr. JOHNSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. guished and honored place in State and ever hope to make the world more just-more Speaker, Gov. Raymond P. Shafer of congressional history. free. Pennsylw.nia in his April 28, 1969, in­ Others, who believe that society has had formation newssheet titled "A View its chance to right all the wrongs but has not From the Governor's Office" discussed his succeeded, have resigned themselves from administration's 10-year Project Envi­ LAW DAY, 1969, ESSAY organized society, away from the evil man ronment featuring the use of the com­ infiicts upon man. Although they leave be­ hind many injustices, they also leave behind puter in monitoring air and water pol­ HON. JACK BRINKLEY ·a world that is in need of their help, a world lution on a statewide basis as well as the OF GEORGIA that cannot escape itself. Of course, there are State's comprehensive waste manage­ unjust laws, but they were created by man ment system. Governor Shafer's state­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and they can be changed by man. ment follows: Monday, May 5, 1969 One cannot change the unjust laws by loud A VIEW FROM THE GOVERNOR'S OFFICE protestations calling for the destruction of Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker,. as part society and all its laws. Equality cannot be (By Gov. Raymond P. Shafer) of the recent observance of Law Day, the guaranteed by the "withdrawal" of those who Pennsylvania-first in the nation to create Columbus, Ga., Lawyers Club sponsored proclam that they will have nothing to do a statewide computerized water pollution an essay contest for local high school with an unjust, an evil society. Justice can monitoring network, first in the nation to students. The winning essay, entitled only be attained by the involvement of the establish an automatic air monitoring net­ "Justice and Equality Depend Upon people working for the "right" within the work on a statewide basis, first in the nation framework of the law. in legislation for a comprehensive solid waste ~w...:._And You,'' was submitted by Miss management system. Rebecca Burt, of Baker High School, As part of this Administration's 10-year daughter of Mrs. M. W. Burt, 2444 Pye "Project Environment," these trend-setting A venue, Columbus, Ga. It is pleasing to TRIBUTE TO THE MEMORY OF THE accomplishments have placed the Common­ see young people participate in worth­ LATE HARRY R. SHEPPARD wealth in the forefront of states which ac­ while projects such as this, and I believe knowledged that protection of man's envi­ Rebecca's words have particular signif­ ronment is an essential guardianship, more SPEECH OF than a refereeing job. icance for the time in which we live. I Deputy Secretary for Environmental Pro­ would like to include her essay in the HON. JOE L. EVINS tection Wesley E. Gilbertson of the Depart­ RECORD at this point in the belief that OF TENNESSEE ment of Health puts the problem this way: Members will find it to be refreshing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "Once we could run away from the prob­ and reassuring. lems that threatened life and the quality of Wednesday, April 30, 1969 living in places where people congregated. JUSTICE AND EQUALITY DEPEND UPON LAW­ Now there is no place to hide. If we want AND You Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, our environment fit to live in, we must fight Lev Tolstoi once said in War and Peace, I want to join with my colleagues from . for it." "Where there's law there's injustice." In­ California and others in paying a brief FmST IN COMPUTERIZED WATER CO.NTROL equities do exist in a society ruled by laws, but sincere tribute to the memory of our A federal grant of more than a quarter of and as a result many men have been deprived late friend and colleague, Harry R. Shep­ a million dollars was awarded to the Bureau of their freedom. The Black man was bound pard, of California. · of Sanitary Engineering in January to assist in slavery for two hundred years and exiled Certainly, I was saddened to learn of in developing a comprehensive water quality by segregation for another two hundred-the management information system for the Jew was ostracized by many of the Christian his recent passing, as I recall his warm more than 50,000 miles of Pennsylvania communities--the woman was denied the personality and his humane philosophy. waterways. right to vote--and the American Indian was Harry Sheppard was a dedicated Ameri­ Designed to tighten enforcement of Penn­ declared not a citizen. All these injustices can and he served his district, State, and sylvania's model Clean Streams Law, the existed under the law-the law created by Nation with distinction and effective­ statewide water pollution monitoring net­ man, fallible man. Yes, "Where there's law ness. work began with a complete water quality _ th~re·~ injusti~,'' but where there's no ~aw It was my pleasure to serve with Harry inventory of all of Penll!>ylvania's streams to there's no justice. After the American Revo­ pinpoint known sources l:)f pol~ution and lution when the Articles of Co:ci.federation Sheppard when he was chairman of the ·provide detailed iruormaticin on ·existing and were ratified, there was much confilslon Speaker's Committee on Personnel. As needed waste treatmezi t ·facilities. - concerning 'the powers of this new govern- a fellow member of this committee, I Hundreds of man-hours were involved In .. · ment Undet th~s weak government, the law found this to be a most rewarding rela- taking individual samples from waterways 11444 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May ;;_, 1969 under varying conditions. This project has grants to municipalities to help them pre­ tions such as that," Castro -said. "From the now progressed to the point where Pennsyl­ pare plans for subinission by the end of 1970. safety point of view, I don't think it is. in the vania has detailed information on water pol­ Effective January 1, 1970, permits will be public intere&t to per,mit det,nonstr~tions lution never before available. required for the disposal of solid wastes. The such as that." · When fully operational within the next Act prohibits the construction, alteration or two or three years, a central computer bank opera.tion of solid waste disposal or process­ [From the Washington Post, Washington, will store this and related information and ing facilities without a permit from the D.C., May 3, 1969) make it instantly available to locate sources Pennsylvania Department of Health. A 22- of sudden slugs of pollution, to investigate member Solid Waste Management Advisory SCLC OWES $265 ,000 known polluters and to record enforcement Committee is already working on policy and Nash Castro, regional dii:ector for the Na­ actions taken by the State Sanitary Water formulating guidelines. tional Park Service, has told a House subcom­ Board. · In 1966, Pennsylvania became one of the mittee th.at the 1968 encampment of poor AUTOMATIC Am MONITORING first states to apply for and receive a Federal people near the Lincoln Memorial cost the Major legislation designed to make Penn­ grant to conduct a three-year study on Federal and D.C. Governments $275,600, most sylvania the leading State in the Union in which to develop a State-wide solid waste of which is still owed by the Southern Chris­ controlling air pollution was passed in July, management plan. The inventory of solid tian Leadership Conference, sponsors of the 1968. waste storage, collection and disposal prac­ Ressurection City project. This forward-looking legislation resulted tices of 2,559 municipalities (100 percent) In testimony released yesterday, Castro in an award in late 1968 CYf $699,222 in Fed­ has been completed, and an inventory of the said $5000 had been realized from the sale of eral funds to Pennsylvania to establish the practices of Pennsylvania's industrial and lumber from the encampment and the Gov­ first State-wide air pollution monitoring net­ agricultural establishments is on its way to ernment retains the $5000 bond posted by work in the Nation. completion. SCLS. Collection of the rest, Castro said, has In addition, Pennsylvania ls one of only Pennsylvania was a member of the Na­ been left up to the Justice Department. three States whose present air control pro­ tional Task Force Committee which devel­ In response to a question, Castro said, "I gram has been awarded Federal funds for oped data inventory forms for solid waste like to think that we are not going to involve continuation of its pioneering efforts. studies. It was one of five states which tested ourselves in another demonstration such as Two experimen~l mobile field stations are the forms and was the first State to adopt and that ... from the safety point of view, I already in operation, one near Norristown, use them. It was also the first State to use don't think it is in the public interest to Plymouth Township, Montgomery County; the U.S. Public Health Service's data process­ permit demonstrations such as that." another near Chester, Delaware County. It ing facilities to compile information from is expected the automatic network will in­ these forms. clude at least 25 different sampling sites in In all three areas, Pennsylvania has again the State. shown its determination to move forward The 1968 legislation makes it possible for in environmental protection. With continued POLISH CONSTITUTION OF 1791 the Commonwealth to plan and develop its public support, I am certain that it will. Clean Air Program in cooperation with local jurisdictions and the State's industries. Un­ HON. JOSEPH G. MINISH der the new amendments, regional air pol­ OF NEW JERSEY lution control associations are given a more "DOC" ABERNATHY'S CONTRIBU­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES limited time period to resolve air pollution TION TO THE POOR problems, and the public's right to take legal Monday, May 5, 1969 action is clarified. Mr. MINISH. Mr. Speaker, I am proud A comprehensive list of criteria already de­ HON. JOHN R. RARICK to pay tribute today to the people of Po­ veloped by the State Air Pollution Commis­ sion for such pollutants as sulfur dioxide OF LOUISIANA land and to Americans of Polish descent and other gases, and smoke, soot and dust IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on the occasion of the 178th anniversary of the adoption of that inspiring docu­ will greatly facilitate the task of establish­ Monday, May 5, 1969 ing standards. ment modeled after our own Constitu­ Within the next few months, standards for Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, Ralph tion-the Polish Constitution of 1791. the control of air pollution in the recently Abernathy and his tent city fiasco in Without a bloody revolution or dis­ designated "Federal Metropolitan Interstate Washington, D.C., last year . has cost order of any type, the noble Polish people, Air Quality Control Region" will be com­ pleted. This region includes Bucks, Chester, the U.S. taxpayers $275,600. through the constitution of 1791, trans­ Delaware, Montgomery and Philadelphia Perhaps the Justice Department will formed their homeland into a modern Counties in Pennsylvania plus Burlington, recover our costs from Abernathy and state by effectively correcting the most Camden, Gloucester, Mercer and Salem SCLC's tax-free receipts from contribu­ basic shortcomings of both their parlia­ Counties in New Jersey and New Castle tions. mentary and social systems. County in Delaware. I ask that clippings from the local That Constitution reads in part: Last month Federal hearings were held on a plan to designate the Western Pennsylvania papers be printed in the RECORD: All power in civil society should be de­ Counties of Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, (From the Evening Star, Washington, D.C., rived from the will of the people, its end Butler, Lawrence, Washington and West­ May 2, 1969) and object being the preservation and in­ tegrity of the state, the civil liberty and the moreland as a. Federal air quality control TENT CITY COSTS PUT AT $275,600 region. good order of society, on an equal scale and Resurrection City cost the federal and Dis­ on a lasting foundation. Since complete guidelines for developing trict governments $275,600, most of which implementation plans have not yet been is­ has never been repaid, a House subcommit­ Today, although the fulfillment of sued by the Federal Government, Pennsyl­ tee revealed today. vania will continue enforcing its own State these high ideals has been tragically Nash Castro, regional director of the Na­ thwarted by Communist domination, regulations until all Federal requirements tional Capital Region, told a House Interior are determined. this expression of national commitment Appropriations subcommittee in testimony to free and democratic institutions lives FIRST IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT made public today that efforts failed to re­ on in the hearts of Polish people both in On July 31, 1968, Governor Shafer signed cover the money from the sponsor of the into law Pennsylvania's pioneering Solid Poor People's Campaign, the Southern the mother country and in nations Waste Management Act. Christian Leadership Conference. throughout the world. Intent of the Act is to provide urbanized He said the collection issue now is before Poland's history since the proclama­ areas of the Commonwealth with protection the Justice Department. tion of May 3, 1791, has been marked from public health hazards emanating from He said police costs totaled $144,989; engi­ by frustration and external domination. improper handling of solid waste. This Act neering costs to lay out the site, $178; addi­ Within 5 short years, the Polish Republic also makes Pennsylvania the first State to tional police cost for the Solidarity Day establish a cooperative effort with local gov­ march, 9,027, and $5,580 to clean up the was partitioned for a third time as Rus­ ernments to develop a comprehensive, State­ area after the march. Castro said it cost sian and Prussian troops invaded and di­ wide solid waste management program. $35,000 to resod the 12 acres of grass which vided the nation among themselves and B1sically, it provides for the planning and was destroyed in the area.. The department the Austrians. Later Polish history has regulation of all types of solid waste matter has only recovered $10,000. been scarred by the invasion and domi­ including domestic, agricultural and indus­ Castro, asked what guideline would be fol­ nation by the totalitarian forces of na­ trial wastes, their storage, collection, trans­ lowed for future marches, said: zism and communism. At the conclusion portation, processing and disposal. "Madam chairman, I like to think that Pennsylvania's program requires munici­ we are not going to involve ourselves in an­ of World War I the forces of democracy palities to submit to the Department of other demonstration such as that on the and freedom again saw hope for the per­ Health plans for solid waste management basis of our past experience and because of manent liberation of the Polish people. systems in their jurisdictions and authorizes t he many, many implications of demonstra- This rebirth, however, was cruelly May 5, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11445 crushed and engulfed first by the nazis Two years ago, in an address to the United radicals. Today I would like to praise a in 1939 and later by the Soviet Union. Nations shortly before his death, Adlai young unheralded hero. Chester Jarmo­ Today we who are fortunate enough Stevenson stated that the fate of the world linski was killed in Vietnam but the will be decided before the year 2000 and that to still enjoy the blessings of our Con­ we may be the last generation on earth. The principles he stood for will not die. These stitution, extend our sincere prayers to last! When the nuclear weapons are un­ are the principles which the majority of the people of Poland that their indomi­ leashed, and each escalation increases that the youth of today stand for. They are table spirit will continue to sustain them danger, it may well be the end of the world. the principles which unfort·.mately like until they too achieve liberation into a Faced with such a grim specter it is no won­ Chester's action and life do not get free and democratic nation. der that students riot against a system that the same coverage as those who would I should also like to express genuine accepts war and the nuclear threat in such destroy the values that have made Amer­ "business-as-usual" complacency. We saw appreciation today to all Americans of this student unrest in India, where the huge ica the greatest human experiment. Polish ancestry. Our Nation owes them Hindu University at Berares had been shut I feel there is hope for our country in an immense debt for their unfailing ded­ down for weeks and the army was occupying this its time of trouble because we still ication to liberty and justice for all peo­ the campus. When we reached Tokyo we find modest men of great courage and ples of the world. found all of the Japanese universities were great character like Chester Jarmolinski. on strike, including our own St. Paul's, one I would like to enter into the RECORD of the largest. A student riot took place the an article from the April 19 edition of day we left, aimed at getting U.S. air bases the Jersey Journal. It tells the story of BISHOP HALLOCK OF MILWAUKEE out of J apan. Chester Jarmolinski: CALLS ON PRESIDENT NIXON TO The New Yorker for March 22d quotes from an address by a Harvard biologist, CHESTER JARMOLINSKI GAVE HIS LIFE FOR A STOP ARMS RACE AND WAR IN George Wald, a Nobel laureatet, its title most CAUSE-WORKED FOR THE JERSEY JOURNAL VIETNAM significant: "A Generation in Search of a (By Phil Voza) Future" . With the world in the shape it is A smiling, diffident, bespectacled young how much assurance is there that there will fellow with grateful, vibrantly blue eyes HON. HENRY S. REUSS be any future? One specialist in government OF WISCONSIN looked around at his colleagues in The Jersey that Professor Wald quotes estimates the Journal composing room one afternoon sev­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES chances of full-scale nuclear war as increas­ eral months ago. He had been exhorted: ing by two per cent per year, in other words Monday, May 5, 1969 "Make a speech, Chester! Make a speech!" by 1990 the chances being one in three, by But Chester Jarmolinski could not com­ Mr. REUSS. Mr. Speaker, the Right the year 2000 fifty-fifty. Anything less than ply. He was just a little overwhelmed at the Reverend Donald H. V. Hallock, bishop a full scale nuclear attack is unthinkable. surprise party arranged by Edward Gold­ of the diocese of Milwaukee, recently When one goes they all will go. sxnith, former president of Local 94, Inter­ wrote President Nixon, urging that he And what will th.at be like, presuming the national Typographical Union, of which the world isn't smashed to smithereens? It is youth was an apprentice member. All Chet, act quickly to bring the war in Vietnam frightening to contemplate Professor Wald's a,s he was affectionately known, could say, to a close and to curb the influence of description, "The Most conservative esti­ was: the military-industrial complex. The let­ mates of the number of Americans who "I'm no hero. All I've done is enlist in the ter is included in the Bishop's column in would be killed in a major nuclear attack, Marine Corps. Gosh, a lot of you fellows the April 1969 Milwaukee Churchman. with everything working as well as can be were in World War II, and you got no I commend the column to my colleagues hoped and all foreseeable precautions taken, parties." run to about fifty million. We have become But Chester Jarmolinski was a hero to his for its thoughts on war and peace and callous to gruesome statistics, and this seems student unrest in our age. colleagues in the composing room, and to his at first to be only another gruesome statistic. faxnily, including his uncle, William Jarmo­ FROM ·THE BISHOP'S DESK You think, Bang!-and next morning, if you linski, an aerial gunner in World War II and "Dear Mr. President.... " are still there, you read in the newspapers a union official. He was a hero then because I had never written to a president before, that fifty million people were killed. of his bubbling patriotism and anxiety to but the other day it happened. I could con­ "But that isn't the way it happens. When help his country press an UIU>opular war. tain myself no longer and I wrote President we killed close to two hundred thousand And he remains a hero in memory. Nixon the following letter: people with those first, little, old-fashioned For Lance Cpl. Chester Jarmolinski, while uranium bombs that we dropped on Hiro­ on a routine patrol several miles from Da "THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, shima and Nagasaki, about the same number Nang was felled by small arms and mortar "The White House, of persons were maimed, blinded, burned, fire a few days ago, far from his native "Washington, D.C. poisoned, and otherwise doomed. A lot of Jersey City and the country he loved so "DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: Please get us out of them took a long time to die. much. The Defense Department has con­ Viet Nam-as quickly as possible! This is a "That's the way it would be. Not a bang firmed he was killed by enemy action. Iniserable war nobody can win. Let us stop and a certain number of corpses to bury but Fellow workers recalled today the last mo­ this useless and senseless killing! a nation filled with millions of helpless, ments of Chester's farewell party. Two sea­ "Please break the vicious grip of the mili­ maimed, tortured, and doomed persons and soned Marine Oorps sergeants from the famil­ tary-industrial complex, upon our nation's the survivors huddled with their families in iar recruitment booth at Journal Square at­ resources, human and material. There can shelters, with guns ready to fight off their tended as invited guests. One was black, be no peace in the world as long as this neighbors trying to get some uncontami­ the other white. They were both Marines combination of generals and we~pons manu­ nated food and water." and representatives of the United States facturers wields such influence in our de­ A frightening and a harrowing picture, but Armed Forces. And as such they expressed cisions of national policy and budget. Our that is the way it could be unless the insane their pride in the recruit and told him he great President Eisenhower gave us fair madness of the war psychology is reversed, would find a new life, now, fast friends united warning! and soon! I just have an idea that the will in a common cause. "Accomplish these two things, Mr. Presi­ of God is that we should use our abundant Six months ago Chester paid a visit to dent, and the whole world will rise up and resources to wipe out hunger and poverty, his colleagues at the Journal. The presses call you blessed. not the human race. were rolling off their final editions as for­ "I pray God will give you courage and mer fellow workers gathered around him. strength to do His will as you face such "It's nice to be back," he said, above the difficult tasks in these· terrible and terrify­ roar of the giant presses and the clattering ing days. SPEECH BY CONGRESSMAN COR­ linotypes. "Those Marines were right . . . "Sincerely and prayerfully, NELIUS E. GALLAGHER COM­ I've made many, many friends, of all na­ "DONALD H. V. HALLOCK, tionalities and of all races-all Americans. "The Bishop of Milwaukee." MEMORATING THE LOSS OF A YOUNG VIE'INAM VETERAN The morale is great-and the goal of liberty I am not a pacifist and I served twenty is greater. I'm glad I'm part of a team like three very active years in our country's re­ that." serve forces including over five years in HON. CORNELIUS E. GALLAGHER In those words Chester unwittingly weaved a tribute Journal workers will never forget. WWII. But now our country, and the whole OF NEW JERSEY world, is in very deep trouble because we They offer words of comfort to his parents, llave come to accept war, not peace, as the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Chester and Marie Jarmolinski, to his broth- normal state of affairs. How many years Monday, May 5, 1969 . ers, Charles and Robert, and sisters, Marie, has it been since there was any peace any­ Carol Ann, and Jean, and to his uncle and where to be found? I can hardly remember Mr. GALLAGHER. Mr. Speaker, per­ fellow worker, Bill. and the NOW-generation under thirty years haps too much of the news about the But Jn their memory always will be a smil­ of age never has known anything else but youth of today centers around the ac­ ing, blue-eyed young fellow who gave his war and nations on a war-footing. tions of a small group of violent campus life for his country-and a cause. 11446 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 5, 1969 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA SELF­ give you a pass to the Senate or House gal­ reappraise the real value of this "num­ GOVERNMENT lery--obtain for you those pamphlets that bers game" and seek ways to make the interest you from among the hundreds printed a.t government expense. Ask him if Peace Corps a greater "agent of change" HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. he has tried to give representation to the in the third world. voteless residents of the District of Columbia. At this point in the RECORD I insert an OF INDIANA BUT WOULD YOU LIKE TO LIVE HERE? article from the May 2 Washington IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Post on the Blatchford appointment: Ride the subway from your Senator's or Monday, May 5, 1969 Representative's omce to the Capitol. It is WIDER PEACE CORPS ROLE SET the only rapid transit in Washington. Don't The Nixon Administration's youngest Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, self-gov­ blame us for tramc or parking problems. We agency head, 34-year-old Joseph H. Blatch­ ernment and congressional representa­ a.re completely powerless to remedy them and ford, who was confirmed by the Senate yes­ tion should be given to the District of must endure them every day. There's lots terday, wants to "rejuvenate" the Peace Columbia in order that democracy and of parking weekdays at the great Smithso­ Corps. normal community life might be re­ nian National Zoo, maintained in Rock Creek He sizes up his eight-year-old agency as stored to the Nation's Capital. I believe Park by the citizens of the District. "the most :flexible and innovative a.rm of this matter is of vital concern to all my Presidents Nixon, Johnson, Kennedy, Ei­ the U.S. Government, very well accepted" senhower and others have all advocated local both here and overseas. But he also finds it colleagues and would therefore like to self-government and Congressional repre­ "a. waning program" that no longer is "excit­ bring to their attention the following sentation for the District. Both party plat­ ing" young Americans. statement prepared by the League of forms have endorsed it. SET UP OWN CORPS Women Voters: Do you agree with our desire to vote for Bla.tchford's ideas for remodeling the Peace The beautiful capital of the world's great­ omcials who govern us? Then please tell your Corps, which he sketched out recently over est democracy is still an American colony. Sena.tor and Representative to give full vot­ dinner with a group of reporters, are drawn Washington, D.C. elects neither its local ing citizenship to your Nation's Ca.pita.I, both largely from his own experience with AC­ government nor any member of the Congress self-government and congressional represen­ CION, a four-nation "private peace corps" which levies its taxes, spends its money, tation. He will appreciate a. visit while you that he founded in 1960. drafts its sons. are in Washington. Blatchford feels the program must be Visit the Archives Building at 7th and Most Congressmen agree that Washington judged not only in terms of current good will Constitution Avenue, N.W. See the Declara­ should be a. "showcase for Democracy." But but also by whether it leaves behind a. "mul­ tion of Independence. "We hold these truths they need to know that you care, that the tiplier effect" of local self-help to carry on to be self-evident," it says, that "govern­ denial of the basic right to vote is a national and expand the U.S.-exported beginnings. ments derive their just powers from the con­ concern. Your support is vita.I to us-you al­ He wants the . nations receiving Peace sent of the governed." Step outside to see ready have a vote! Corpsmen to play a bigger role in directing 800,000 of your fellow Americans governed the local programs and in selecting the vol­ without any opportunity to express or deny unteers. He wants them to organize national their consent, taxed without any representa­ agencies that will utilize and direct the tion. The documents are lowered into a. WIDER ROLE FOR PEACE CORPS Corpsmen, and he pledges that the Corps will bomb-proof vault ea.ch night. The rights strive to find and train qualified nationals a.s they guarantee a.re violated every day in the country directors. capital district itself. HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON "The shortcoming of the Peace Corps," Blatchford says, "has been that it is essen­ The more than 800,000 people living in OF ILLINOIS tially a people provider: It finds them, trains Washington ranks the city a.head of Montana, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES or New H&IUpshire. or Alaska, or Delaware, or them and puts them a.t the disposal of the seven other states in population. Each of Monday, May 5, 1969 local gover~ents." Most of these govern­ these states has two Senators and one or ments, he suggests, have done little to di­ two Representatives. But the District of Co­ Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. Speak­ rect the incoming volunteers into areas where lumbia has only old and revered documents er, last week the Senate confirmed the their talents are most urgently needed; as a and no congressional representation. appointment of Joseph Blatchford as the result, they tend to "spin off a.lone" into noncontroversial tasks in isolated rural IT'S A WONDERFUL PLACE TO VISIT new Director of the Peace Corps. I wish to commend President Nixon on this out­ areas. Walk down the Mall. Enjoy the broad ave­ WORKED IN SLUMS standing appointment. Mr. Blatchford nues and impressive Federal buildings. The Blatchford's ACCION, on the other hand, Federal Government owns or exempts from not only brings youth to this youthful was focused entirely on the growing urban taxes 55 percent of the land in the District agency-he is 34-but he also brings slums of South America, sending in trained of Columbia. In 1968 Congress a.ppropriated eminent qualifications. Mr. Blatchford community organizers to help set up local $70 million as due oompensa.tion to the Dis­ started his own private peace corps in self-help groups. Starting with American trict. In that same year the remaining 45 per­ South America back in 1960 and it has and European volunteers, technical experts, cent of the land brought in $98.8 million in been a highly successful attempt at spur­ and American business contributions, it has real estate taxes. established locally run nonprofit corporations Washington raises 85 percent of its own ring individuals to organize self-im­ provement on their own behalf. His in Venezuela, Peru, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo revenues. Some states receive a higher pro­ and Buenos Aires. portion of their budget from the Federal gov­ volunteer organization, called Accion, Blatchford's plans for the Peace Corps call ernment. The Federal payment barely covers organized 400 separate improvement for more technical expertise to back up the costs of public services performed by the Dis­ projects last year and operated on a volunteers. "We need more 'Ugly Ameri­ trict for the Federal government and ta.x­ budget of $1.5 million, most of it coming cans,' " he says. exempt embassies a.nd national organizations. from South American sources. One possibility under consideration, to District residents have the highest per ca.pita. avoid the big budget costs of swapping $75- income of any state; hence pay high Federal Speaking with reporters recently, Blatchford indicated that Peace Corps a-month volunteers for high-salaried experts, income taxes. They also pay a full range of would involve some form of cooperation be­ other local taxes. is a waning program and needs rejuve­ tween the Peace Corps and groups that send CONGRESS MUST EXERCISE ULTIMATE AUTHORITY nating. He said Peace Corps cannot be retired business executives overseas as short­ The Constitution decrees that the District judged only in terms of good will, but term volunteers. shall not have sovereignty such as a state is must also be judged in terms of how Blatchford also is thinking about ties be­ guaranteed. Washington is proud of !Jts much it helps other nations to help tween the Peace Corps and similar domestic unique role as the Federal district. But the themselves. He criticized the corps for volunteer prograins, such as VISTA, to help citizens, conscious of the needs of the Fed­ not properly channeling volunteer talent make use of returning Corpsmen. eral government, see no reason why they and for failing to provide other nations can't conduct their own local affairs. No with adequate technical expertise. state denies to the citizens of its capita.I the DISTRICT OPINION SHIFTS right to participate in their own local and I think Mr. Blatchford has an acute state governments. understanding of the problems of devel­ ON VIETNAM It is uneconmnical, inemcient and un­ oping nations derived from his prior ex­ democratic for 535 members of Congress to perience and will bring a badly needed HON. DONALD RUMSFELD have the degree of control they now practice. fresh approach to our voluntary efforts OF ILLINOIS We'd rather do it ourselves, acting com­ overseas. Many former Peace Corps patibly with the Federal interest which is our volunteers have criticized the agency for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES best interest also. · Monday, May 5, 1969 Visit your Senator or Representative in substituting quantity for quality at the his omce on Capitol Hill. Ask him to arrange expense of development and self-help. Mr. RUMSFELD. Mr. Speaker, the re­ a special tour of the White House for you- I am confident that Mr. Blatchford will sults of the 1969 national issues poll con- May 5, 1969 EXTENSIONS OP- REMARKS 11447 ducted - in the : 13th District of ·Illinois 5. Do. you favor -stricter penalties and en­ and the need for U.S. leadership in de­ show a substantial. shift in the opinion forcement for laws relating to the illegal sale velop.mg a world of true freedom and of its residents on the war in Vietnam. of drugs? lasting peace. During the last month, I have received Yes------~ ------77. 0 The address referred to follows: No------10.0 more than 23,000 answers to the poll Undecided ______.::. ______.::. ____ 3. 9 REMARKS OF ALOYSIUS A. MAZEWSKI, PRESt­ questionnaire, an unusually heavy re­ No response ______9.0 DENT OF THE POLISH NATIONAL ALLIANCF: sp.onse. AND POLISH-AMERICAN CONGRESS, DELIVERJ:Il On the question of Vietnam, approxi­ 6. Regarding the draft, do you favor: AT THE CONSTITUTION OF MAY 3 0BSERVANC:F.:. IN HUMBOLDT PARK, CHICAGO mately half-49.6 percent-of the 13th Continuation of the present selective D~strict residents who answered the ·poll service system ______24.2 One hundred and seventy eight years ago, now favor a gradual withdrawal of U.S. A lottery system for inductions ______23. O our ancestors gave the Polish nation a new An all-volunteer military ______42. 8 lease on life by adopting and proclaiming troops, regardless of the outcome of the No response ______10. O the Constitution of May 3rd of 1791. It be­ Paris peace talks. About one-third-35.4 longs to the most significant and unique percen~favor stepping up the war if the 7. Do you favor greater use o! tax credits documents in the history of Europe. talks fail, while 5.2 percent support con­ and incentives for private enterprise to meet While this constitution of May 3rd has tinuation of the war at the present level the problems of: been the culmination o! centuries-long par­ in the event-of f allure. Air and water pollution: liamentary traditions that fiourished in the This breakdown of opinion represents Royal Republic of Poland, it departed from · Yes ------69.4 the precepts of exaggerated freed.om of the a sharp contra.st to a similar question in No ------16. 8 individual and declared that freedom and Undecided ------3. 7 the 1967 national issues poll when six of No response______10. 1 authority are joined. For it was through the 10 13th District residents favored con­ misuse of freedom, or, more precisely, tinued escalation of the U.S. military Job training for the unskilled: through arrogating the benefits of freedom effort in Vietnam. Yes------64.9 to personal whims, that Poland, once the On the issue of U.S. election laws, resi­ No ------17. 9 most powerful state on the continent of NoUndecided response ______------10.46. 8 Europe, found herself on the brink of anar­ dents of the district who responded to the chy, chaos and disaster. poll expressed a· clear preference for Development o! business in low In- The Constitution of May 3d, put a stop changes in the exi-sting system of elect­ come, high unemployment areas: to this freedom grown wild and established ing the President and Vice President. In Yes ------57.9 the rule of Law and Order for the land. fact, only 6.6 percent favored retaining No------19.7 It ca.me too late to save Poland from par­ the present electoral college system. NoUndecided response ------______10.811. 6 titions. However, it remained a potent force Drawing the most support was the pro­ of spiritual and moral renewal for the Polish posal for a direct popular vote, favored 8. Regarding military spending, do you nation, and became the wellspring o! inspira­ favor: tion and patriotic discipline !or whole gen­ by 62.1 percent of the residents. About a erations of Poles. fifth-22 percent--of the respondents Superiority------27. 3 It taught the Polish and other European supported revisions in the electoral col­ Parity with the U.S.S.Jt______20. 1 generations at the closing yea.rs of the 18th lege system to reflect a majority in each Sufficiency ------42. 2 Century, that responsiveness to the needs of No response______10.4 a nation, to the security of the state, to the congressional district. laws o! the land is inherent in freedom. The highest percentage of opinion re­ 9. Do you !avor returning a percentage of This lesson stands in bold relie! for us in the tax money collected by the Federal Gov­ America today. Our true freedom and its cor­ gistered on any of the 10 questions on ernment to State and local Governments to this year's poll wa.s in support of income use as they see fit? olla.ry--civic responsibility, are endangered tax revisions, which were favored by four by wild misbehavior of a comparatively small of five residents-81.1 percent. Yes ------­ 53.5 but articulate minority of college and uni­ No ------27. 2 versity students. They seem to think that The full tabulation of 13th District freedom equates with a free hand at dis­ NoUndecided response ______------_ 10. 3 opinion recorded from the poll responses 9.0 orders and disruption of education for the follows: majority of students. 10. With respect to the presidential elec- They need to be convinced that freedom TABULATED RESULTS OF 1969 NATIONAL ISSUES tions, do you favor: and order are not incompatible. Neither are POLL Retaining the electoral ~ollege as it is_ 6.6 freedom and authority. Moreover, the exer­ [Results in percent J Electing the President and Vice Presi- cise of freetlom requires the protection of 1. With respect to the Mid-East, do you dent by direct popular vote______62. 1 authority. favor: Revising the electoral college voting to Thus, complacency and acquiescence by refiect the majority in ea.ch Congres- college and university administrators who A formal alliance with Israel to insure sional District______fail to act effectively against campus dem­ U.S. intervention in the case of an 22.1 Arab attack ______12.4 No response ______onstrators are completely unfounded. Equal­ 9.2 ly irrelevant are those who advocate new A joint diplomatic effort with the laws to cope with this disturbing situation. U.S.S.R. to work for a. settlement____ 27. 2 Our existing laws of the land are sufficiently Continued efforts by the U.N. and/ or a. strong and clear to establish and keep peace Nomultination response______group to secure peace ___ 50.9.8 6 THE ANNIVERSARY OF POLAND'S and order on our campuses. CONSTITUTION President Nixon, addressing the United 2. With respect to Vietnam, do you favor: States Chamber of Commerce la.st Tuesday in Washington, stated:- Stepping up the war 1! the Paris talks HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI "There can be no compromise with law­ fall ------35. 4: OF ILLINOIS lessness and no surrender to force if free Gradual withdrawal of U.S. troops re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES education is to survive in the United States." gardless of the outcome of the Paris This statement deserves the wholehearted talks------49.6 Monday, May 5, 1969 support of us whose ethnic heritage is Continuation o! the war at the present steeped in the precept of the May 3rd Con­ level if Paris produces no changes___ 5. 2 ·Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I am No response ______9. 8 stitution. pleased to insert in the RECORD the re­ We also express the confidence that Presi­ 3. Do you believe that present income tax marks of Aloysius A. Mazewski, president dent Nixon's foreign policy of calm judg­ laws need revision? of the Polish National Alliance and the ment and !oresight, steeped in the aware­ Polish-American Congress, delivered yes­ ness o! American power and responsibility Yes ------81. 1 terday afternoon at the constitution of will eventually bring about meaningful ne­ No------5.0 gotiations in place of dead-centered con­ Undecided ___ .:______: ______5 . 1 May 3 observance in Humboldt Park, No response ______8. 8 frontations with our ideological and politi­ Chicago, Ill. cal adversaries abroad. 4. Do you feel wage and price controls are These remarks merit consideration as And we respectfully submit that in any, desirable if the lnfiationary spiral worsens? an expression of feeling from a leading even initial settlement with the communist spokesman of a people who have made block, the case o! Poland be considered in Yes ------51.8 the light of history, demography and geog­ No------29.8 a .sound and lasting contribution to the raphy, so that the tragedy of diploma.tic Undecided ------·------9. 1 building of America and who recognize misconception o! the closing days o! World No response------9.3 also the complications in foreign affairs War Two be a.voided. CXV--721-Part 9 11448 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 5, 19.o9

We further submit that the peace and emotion. It is controversial. It ls subtle. Having said that, let me make one point stability in Europe, and, consequently, a Above all, it ls immeasurably complex. unmistakably clear: the solution of the popu­ major part of American security, are linked It is the tangled problem of excessive lation problem is in no way a substitute with the fate of Poland. Due to her geograph­ population growth. for the more traditional forms of develop­ ic position and historic development, Poland It ls not merely a problem, it ls a paradox. mental assistance: aid for economic infra­ occupies the key position on the eastern It is at one and the same time an issue that structure; aid for agriculture; aid for indus­ ramparts of Western clvllization and the is intimately private-and yet inescapably trialization; aid for education; aid for tech­ western periphery of the Soviet empire. For public. nological advance. this reason, Poland could be a bridge be­ It ls an issue characterized by reticence The underdeveloped world needs invest­ tween the West and the East, but she can­ and circumspection-and yet in desperate ment capital for a whole gamut of productive not, she must not be a mere pawn in power need of realism and candor. projects. But nothing would be more unwise politics. It ls an issue intolerant of government than to allow these projects to fail because Geography, history and destiny combined pressure-and yet endangered by govern­ they are finally overwhelmed by a tidal wave to make Poland the pivotal state in East ment procrastination. of population. Central Europe. She cannot fulfill her mis­ It ls an issue, finally, that is so hyper­ Surely, then, it is appropriate that we sion, if subjected to outside dominance. sensitlve-gi ving rise to such diverse opin­ should attempt to unravel the complexities We, Americans of Polish ancestry firmly ion-that there ls an understandable tend­ that so confuse this critical issue. believe that by supporting Poland's claims ency simply to avoid argument, turn one's ll to full freedom and independence, we are attention to less complicated matters, and acting for the best, enlightened interests of hope that the problem will somehow dis­ One can begin with the stark demographic the United States. appear. dimensions. The dynamics are deceivingly But the problem will not disappear. simple. Population increase is simply the What may disappear ls the opportunity to excess of births over deaths. For most ·of find a solution that ls rational and humane. man's history the two have been in relative ROBERT S. McNAMARA ADDRESSES If we wait too long, that option will be equilibrium. Only in the last century have overtaken by events. they become seriously unbalanced, NOTRE DAME We cannot afford that. For if there is any­ Though the figures are well known, they thing certain about the population explo­ are worth repeating-if for no other reason HON. OGDEN R. REID sion, it is that if it is not dealt with reason­ than to forestall the famlliarlty with un­ ably, it will in fact explode: explode in pleasant facts from cloaking itself with com­ OF NEW YORK sutrering, explode in violence, explode in in­ placency. It required sixteen hundred years IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES humanity. to double the world population of 250 mil­ lion, as it stood in the first century A.D. Monday, May 5, 1969 All of us are, of course, concerned about this. Toaay, the more than three billion on earth Mr. REID of New York. Mr. Speaker, You, here at Notre Dame, have been giving will double in 35 years time, and the world's the recent speech of Robert McNamara constructive attention to this concern for population will then be increasing at the several years. And yet it may seem strange rate of an additional billion every eight years. given at the University of Notre Dame To project the totals beyond the year 2000 is a pertinent expression by a foremost that I should speak at a center of Catholic thought on this awkward issue which might becomes so demanding on the imagination as authority indicating the vital need for so conveniently be ignored, or left to demog­ to make the statistics almost incomprehen­ immediate action in the field of popula­ raphers to argue. sible. tion control. I have chosen to discuss the problem be­ A child born today, living on into his The facts of the ever-rising population cause my responsibilities as President of the seventies, would know a world of 15 billion. of the world indeed merit our closest at­ World Bank compel me to be candid about His grandson would share the planet with 60 tention, for when, as Mr. McNamara the blunt facts affecting the prospects for billion. global development. In six and a half centuries from now-the states, one-half of humanity is presently same insignificant period of time separating The bluntest fact of all is that the need for hungering, imagine us by 2000 when the us from the poet Dante-there would be one development is desperate. population may well have doubled; and human being standing on every square foot when 300 million children under the age One-third of mankind today lives in an of land on earth: a fantasy of horror that environment of relative abundance. even the Inferno could not match. of 4 are presently subsisting in hunger But two-thirds of mankind-more than that risks permanent brain damage, Such projections are, of course, unreal. two billion individuals-remain entrapped They will not come to pass because events imagine the numbers by 2000. in a cruel web of circumstances that se­ will not permit them to come to pass. The blatant facts demand that the verely limits their right to the necessities of Of that we can be certain. United States and other developed na­ life. They have not yet been able to achieve What is not so certain is precisely what tions deal immediately with this crisis the transition to self-sustaining economic those events will be. They can only be: mass that threatens to overcome us all. Per­ growth. They are caught in the grip of hun­ starvation; political chaos; or population ger and malnutrition; high illiteracy; inade­ planning. haps we can begin by reversing our quate education; shrinking opportunity; and strange priority which allocates to popu­ What ever may happen after the year 2000, corrosive poverty. what is occurring right now is enough to jolt lation control and planning less than The gap between the rich and poor nations one into action. 1 percent of that which we allocate to ls no longer merely a gap. It is a chasm. On India, for example, is adding a million military hardware and research. If we one side are nations of the West that enjoy people a month to its population-and this wish to avoid famine, we have no choice. per capita incomes in the $3,000 range. On in spite of the oldest family-planning pro­ Mr. Speaker, I insert Mr. McNamara's the other are nations in Asia and Africa that gram in Southeast Asia. speech in the RECORD: struggle to survive on per capita incomes of The Philippines currently has a population less than $100. of 37 million. There is no authorized govern­ ADDRESS TO THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME BY What is important to understand ls that ment family-planning program . . At the ROBERT S. McNAMARA, PRESIDENT, WORLD this is not a static situation. The Inisery of present rate of growth, these limited is­ BANK GROUP, NOTRE DAME, IND., MAY 1, the underdeveloped world is today a dynamic lands-in a brief 35 years-would have to 1969 misery, continuously broadened and deep­ support over one hundred million human I ened by a population growth that is totally beings. I am grateful for this award, and pleased to unprec$dented in history. The average population growth of the become an honorary aluinnus of Notre Dame. This is why the problem of population is world at large is 2 % . Many underdeveloped This university, over the years, has become an inseparable part of the larger, overall countries are burdened with a rate of 3% % a catalytic center of creative thought. It does problem of development. or more. A population growing at 1 % doubles what universities do best: it probes. It probes There are some who speak as if simply hav­ itself in 70 years; at 2% it doubles in 35 the past for what is most relevant to the ing fewer people in the world is some sort years; at 3Yz % it doubles in only 20 years. present. It probes the present for what is of intrinsic value in and of itself. Clearly, Now, if we are to reject mass starvation most formative of the future. And it probes it is not. and political chaos as solutions to this ex­ the future for what will most enlarge man's But when human life ls degraded by the plosive situation, then there are clearly only freedom and fulfillment. plague of poverty, and that poverty is trans­ three conceivable ways in which a nation I want to discuss with you this afternoon mitted to future generations by too rapid a can deliberately plan to diminish its rate of a problem that arose out of that recent past; growth in population, then one with responsi­ population growth: to increase the death that already plagues man in the present; and bilities in the field of development has no rate; to step up the migration rate; or to that will diminish, if not destroy, much of alternative but to deal with that issue. reduce the birth rate. his future-should he fail to face up to it, To put it simply: the greatest single No one is in favor of the first choice. On and solve it. obstacle to the economic and social advance­ the contrary, under the impact of publio It is, by half a dozen criteria, the most ment of the majority of the peoples in the health programs, death rates are falling delicate and clitficult issue of our era-per­ underdeveloped world is rampant population throughout the underdeveloped areas. Even haps of any era in history. It is overlaid with growth. simple medical improvements-better sanl- ...

May · s~ 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11449 - tation, malaria suppression, widespread vac­ the desire to succeed, the will to exert an they often turn to desperate and illegal cination-bring on a rapid and welcome de­ effort--all these inestimable hum.an qualities measures. cline in mortality. The low-level death rate~ drain away. Statistics suggest that abortion is one of which Europe required a century and a half How many children today are caught up in the world's most commonly chosen methods to achieve are now being accomplished in the this crisis? How many of them subsist at to limit fert111ty--despite the fact that in emerging areas in a fifth of that time. levels of hunger and malnutrition that risk most societies it is ethically offensive, illegal, The second choice is wholly inadequate. their being irreversibly mentally retarded for expensive, and medically hazardous. Increased migration, on any scale significant the rest of their lives? Some three hundred In five countries o! western Europe, it is enough to be decisive, is simply not prac­ million. estimated that there are as many illegal abor­ tical. Countries concerned about their own But the population explosion's corrosive tions as live births. future crowding are understandably disin­ effects on the quality of life do not end with In India, the estimate is that each month a clined to add to it by accepting more than a hunger. They range through the whole spec­ quarter of a million women undergo illegal limited number of foreigners. But the more trum of human deprivation. With entire abortion. important point is that the continually ex­ national populations, already caught up in In Latin America, illegal abortion rates are panding increment, on a global basis, is al­ the dilemmas of development, now doubling among the highest in the world. In one coun­ ready so m_assive that migration as a solution in as short a time as 20 years, there is a try, they are said to total three times the live to population pressure is manifestly un­ chronic insufficiency of virtually every ne­ birth rate; in another, to be the cause of realistic. We can put a man on the moon. cessity. two out of every five deaths of pregnant But we cannot migrate by the millions off Current birth rates throughout the emerg­ women. Further, there are indica.tions that our own planet. ing world are seriously crippling develop­ the illegal abortion rate in Latin America is That leaves the third choice: a humane and mental efforts. It is imperative to understand increasing, and that multiple illegal abor­ rational reduction of the birth rate. why. The intractable reason is that these gov­ tions among mothers are becoming comm.on. Is it feasible? It is. ernments must divert an inordinately high The tragic truth is that illegal abortion is Is it simple? It is not. proportion of their limited national savings endemic in many parts of the world. And Is it necessary? Without question. away from productive investment simply in it is particularly prevelent in those areas It is necessary because the consequences order to maintain the current low level of where there is no adequate, organized family­ of continuing the present population growth existence. planning assistance. rates are unacceptable. Each additional child brought into the The conclusion is clear: where the public m world must not only be fed, but clothed, authorities will not assis.t parents to avoid housed, medically cared for, and supported unwanted births, the parents will often take Let us examine those consequences. by at least minimal educational services. One cannot sense the inner significance matters into their own hands-at whatever All of this requires new capital-new capi­ cost to conscience or health. of the cold, remote, impersonal demographic tal that cannot be invested in other desper­ data by merely tracing a line upward on a ately needed sectors of the economy. For IV graph, or by scanning the print-out from a approximately the first 15 years of their Now I have noted that this entire question computer. lives, children cannot contribute economi­ of population planning is incredibly complex. The consequences of rapid population cally to the nation: simply because they are There are, of course, certain precise and pain­ growth-piled on top of an already oppres­ young they are consumers rather than pro­ ful moral dilemmas. But quite apart from sive poverty-must be grasped in all their ducers. these, there is a vague and murky mythology concrete, painful reality. If the number of children in the total that befogs the issue. Not only does this col­ The first consequence can be seen in the lection of myths obscure the essentials of the gaunt faces of hungry men. population-as a result of high birth rates- 1s very large, a nation is under the com­ problem, but worse still, it builds barriers One half of humanity is hungering at this pelling necessity to expend ever greater re­ to constructive action. very moment. There is less food per person sources simply to keep its people from slip­ I should like to turn now to that mythol­ on the planet today than there was 30 years ping beneath minimum subsistence levels. ogy, and examine some of its more irrational ago in the midst of a worldwide depression. A treadmill economy tends to emerge in premises. Thousands of human beings will die to­ which the total national etfort will exhaust There is, to begin with, the generalized day-as they die every day-of that hunger. itself in running faster and faster merely assumption that somehow "more people They will either simply starve to death, or to stand still. means more wealth." As with all fallacies, they will die because their diet is so inade• there is a deceptive substratum of plausi­ quate that it cannot protect them from some More and more classrooms must be built; more and more teachers must be provided; bility to the thesis. With the earlier rise of easily preventable disease. nationalism in the West--and the more re­ Most of those thousands of individuals- more and more vocational training facilities must be established. But despite all this cent emergence of newly independent coun­ 1ndividuals whose intrinsic right to a decent tries in Asia and Africa-rapid population life is as great as yours or mine--are chil­ efiort both the quantity and quality of ed­ ucation will inevitably decline. It simply growth has often been regarded as a symbol dren. They are not mere statistics. They are of national vigor. It provided, so it was be­ human beings. And they are dying; now; cannot keep pace with the mounting waves lieved, the foundations of a more powerful at this very moment; while we are speaking. of children. Thus, one of the prime movers military establishment; an economically ad­ They are not your children. Or my chil­ of all human development--education-is vantageous internal market; a pool of cheap dren. But they are someone's children. And sacrificed. labor; and, in general, a prestigious political they are dying needlessly. Further, as ill-educated, perhaps wholly place in the sun. And yet the thousands who die are perhaps illiterate, children reach the age when they But in the underdeveloped world, nearly the more fortunate ones. For millions of ought to become producers in the economy, every one of these assumptions is false. Be­ other children, suffering the same malnutri­ they are engulfed. by the hopelessness of cause rapid population growth tends seri­ tion, do not die. They live languidly on­ underemployment. In many of the world's ously to retard growth in per capita income, stunted in their bodies, and crippled in their shanty towns 50 to 60 % of the adolescents the developing nation soon discovers that its minds. are out of work. economic vigor is diminished rather than en­ The human brain reaches 90% of its nor­ Not only are these youngsters unequipped hanced by the phenomenon of high fertility. mal structural development in the first !our for the jobs that might have been available, The hoped-for internal market becomes a years of life. We now know that during that but the total number of meaningful jobs it­ mere mass of discontented indigents, with­ critical period of growth, the brain is highly self tends to decline in proportion to the out purchasing power but with all the frus­ vulnerable to nutritional deficiencies: de­ population simply because the government trations of potential consumers whose ex­ ficiencies that can cause as much as 25% has been unable to invest adequately in job­ pectations cannot be met. impairment of normal mental ability. Even producing enterprises. The capital that ought "Cheap labor" in such countries turns out a deterioration of 10% is sufficient to cause to have been invested was simply not avail­ not to be cheap at all. For sound economic a serious handicap to productive life. able. It was dissipated by the ever rising tide growth requires technological improvements, This is irreversible brain damage. of additional children. and these in turn demand higher levels of What is particularly tragic in all of this is This, then, is the cruel and self-perpetuat­ training than the strained government re­ that when such mentally deprived children ing dilemma that governments face in un­ sources can supply. Though individual work­ reach adulthood, they are likely to repeat the derdeveloped countries overburdened for ers may be paid lower salaries than their whole depressing sequence in their own fam­ long periods with high birth rates. counterparts abroad, their efficiency and pro­ ilies. They perpetuate mental deficiency, not Their plans for progress evaporate into ductiveness are so low that the nation's through genetic inheritance; but simply be­ massive etforts merely to maintain the sta­ goods are often priced out of the competitive c ~us e as parents they are ill-equipped men­ tus quo. export market. The "cheap" labor turns out tally to understand, and hence to avoid the But what is true at the national level is to be excessively expensive labor. very nutritional deprivations in their own repeated with even greater poignancy on Even the argument of expanding the pop­ children that they themselves suffered. the persona.I family level. Millions of indi­ ulation in order to provide a powerful mili­ Thus hunger and malnutrition forge a vidual families wish to avoid unwanted preg­ tary force is suspect--not merely l>ooause the chain of conditions that only spiral the total nancies. expansion of one nation's forces will, in time, human performance dismally downward. And when these families cannot find legal lead to a reactive expansion of its neighbor's Alertness, vitality. energy, the ability to learn, and compasslona.te assistance in this matter, forces, but also because modern defense 11450 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 5, 1969 forces require an increasing ratio of educated that economic advancement by itself-with­ non-white nations of ·the developing areas is recruits rather than mere masses of illiterate out the assistance of well organized family a surreptitioµs plot to keep thl:l whites in troops. planning-could ace<;>mplish this in any a racial ascendancy·. 'i'he iµ:Vth_ is absurd on As for political prestige, nations caught in feasible time-frame of the future is wholly purely demographic grounds, as well as on the catastrophe of an uncontrolled popula­ naive. · . . . many others. Non-whiie peoples on the tion growth do not enhance their po~ition in . Ind~d, even with fa~ly planning, no such planet massively outnumber whites. They the family of nations. On the contrary, they promising results are feasible in less than always have arid always will. No conceivable find it slipping away as their once optimistic two or three decades. What is feasible-in­ degree of- family planning could possibly plans for progress turn inevitably to the deed what is imperative-is the establish­ alter that mathematical fact. politics of confrontation and extremism. ment of family planning on a scale that will But a more relevant answer is that if the Akin to the myth that "more people means stave off total economic and political disin­ white world actually did desire to plot more wealth" is the notion that countries tegration in those countries where social against the non-white nations, one of the with large tracts of uninhabited open land progress is being seriously limited by the most effective ways possible to do so would have no need to worry about birth rates, since glut of unwanted births. be for the whites to deny these nations any there is ample room for expansion. No government can, of course, ultimately assistance whatever in family planning. For The argument is as shallow as it is mis­ succeed in convincing its own population to the progressive future of the non-white leading. For the patent fact is that mere undertake family planning, if parents them­ world is directly related to their indigenous open land does not, in and of itself, support selves do not really want it. economic development--and ·that, in turn, a high rate of population growth. Such open But the almost universal fact is that par­ as we have seen, is dependent upon their land-if it is to become the home of large ents do want it. They often want it far more being able to bring birth rates down to a numbers of people-must be provided with than their own political leaders compre­ level that will allow a significant increase in a whole panoply of heavy government invest­ hend. per capita income. ments: investments in roads, housing, sani­ People--particularly poor, ill-educated peo­ v tation, agricultural and industrial develop­ ple--may not understand the techniques of There is one more myth that obstructs ment. family planning. Most of them have only the the road to action. It is the belief that the The sound economic argument is quite the most tenuous understanding of human time for decisive action is past, and that other way round. What such raw space re­ biology. Often their limited comprehension sweeping famine is inevitable. quires first is not surplus people, but sur­ is tragically confused by gross misinforma­ The distinguished British scientist and plus funds for investment. And it is pre­ tion. novelist, C. P. Snow, has recently noted that cisely surplus people in a developing econ­ But the notion that family-planning pro­ it the view of men of sober judgment that omy that make the accumulation of surplus grams are sinister, coercive plots to force "many millions of people in the poor coun­ funds so incredibly difficult. poor people into something they really do tries are going to starve to death before our What is equally overlooked is that a ra­ not want, is absurd. eyes." tional restraint on fertility rates in an emerg­ The pervasive prevalence of voluntary il­ "We shall see them doing so," he adds, ing country never implies an absolute reduc­ legal abortion should be enough to dispel "upon our television sets." tion of the total population. It simply hopes that fiction. He stresses that when the collision between for a more reasonable balance between birth The poor do not always know how to limit food and population takes place, "at best, and death rates. And since death rates in the their families in less drastic and dangerous this will mean local famines to begin wlth. future are certain to drop with continued ways, but there is overwhelming evidence At worst, the local famines will spread into advances in medicine-and in highly under­ that they would like to know how. a sea of hunger. The usual date predicted for developed countries the drop in the death Another serious misunderstanding is the the beginning of the local famines is 1975- rate is characteristically precipitous-there fear that family planning in the developing 80 ." are no grounds whatever for fearing that a world would inevitably lead to a breakdown In summing up his own view, he suggests nation's population, under the influence of of familiar moral fiber-and that it would that "The major catastrophe will happen family planning, will dangerously ebb away. encourage parents to limit the number of before the end of the century. We shall, in The danger is quite the opposite: that even their children for essentially frivolous and the rich countries, be surrounded by a sea with family planning-should it be inade­ selfish reasons: that it would trade the re­ of famine, involving hundreds of millions of quately utilized-the population will pro­ sponsibiUty of having a large number of human beings." liferate in the future to self-defeating levels. children for the opportunity of acquiring "The increase of population," he predicts, A still more prevalent myth is the mis­ the needless gadgetry of a.n advancing con­ "all over the rich world may get a little less. apprehension that official programs of family sumer economy. In the poor world it won't except in one or planning in a developing country are wholly But one stroll through the slums of any two pockets. Despite local successes, as in unnecessary since the very process of devel­ major city in the developing world is enough India, the food-population collision will duly opment itself automatically leads to lowered to dispel that concept. If anything is threat­ occur. The attempts to prevent it, or melio­ birth rates. The experience of Europe is cited ening the fiber of family life it is the de­ rate it, will be too feeble. Famine will take as persuasive proof of this theory. grading conditions of subsistence survival charge in many countries. It may become, But the proof is no proof at all, for the that one finds in these sprawling camps of by the end of the period, endemic famine. theory is hopelessly irrevelant to today's packing crates and scrap metal. Children on There will be suffering and desperation on a conditions in the underdeveloped world. the streets instead of in non-existent class­ scale as yet unknown." There are no comparable circumstances be­ rooms. Broken men-their pride shattered­ Now, though Lord Snow is a brilliant and tween what happened in Europe's early peri­ without work. Despondent mothers-often od of modernization, and what is happening perceptive man of good will, I simply do unmarried-unable to cope with exhaustion not believe that one need feel quite so near in the emerging world today. because of annual pregnancies. And all pf this despair~ven in the face of a situation as Aside from a lapse of logic which fails to in a frustrating environment of misery and ominous as this one. grasp that the current population growth in hunger and hopelessness. These are not the these areas inhibits the very economic devel­ Wholesale famine is not inevitable. I am conditions that promote an ethically fibered convinced that there is time to reverse the opment which is supposed to curb that family life. growth, the historical fact is that conditions situation, if -we will but use it. Only barely Family planning is not designed to destroy sufficient time. But time nevertheless. in Europe during its initial developmental families. On the contrary, it is designed to period were far more favorable to lower rates save them. It is the time which has been given us by of population growth. The birth rates were All of us accept the principle that in a free those who have created the revolution in much lower than they are in the underdevel­ society, the parents themselves must ulti­ agricultural technology; a revolution based oped world today, the death rates had not mately decide the size of their own family. on new seeds, hybrid strains, fertilizers, and yet drastically fallen, and by the time public we would regard it as an intolerable inva­ the intensified use of natural resources. health measures had accomplished that, the sion of the family's rights for the State to It is a revolution which already has in­ infrastructure of industrialization was al­ use coercive measures to implement popula­ creased the yields of food gains by more than ready in place. tion policy. We can preserve that right best 100 % in parts of Southeast Asia, and which Further, in nineteenth century Europe, un­ by assisting families to understand how they promises to boost yields by one-half ton per like in the developing countries today, mar­ can make that decision for themselves. acre throughout Asia. It is a revolution which riages were entered into later, and the level The fact is that millions of children are has expanded the number of acres sown with of literacy-always an important factor af­ born without their parents desiring that it the new seeds from 200 in 1965 to 20,000,000 fecting population growth-was considerably happen. Hence, a free, rational choice for an in 1968-and an estimated 34,000,000 in higher. a.ddltlonal child is not made in these cases. 1969-but which has yet to touch more than Even in spite of all these advantages, it re­ If we are to keep the right of decision in a small percentage of the rice and wheat­ quired some 70 years for Europe to reduce its the hands of the family-where it clearly producing acreage of the world. birth rates to present levels. Today the aver­ belongs-then we must give the family the If we will but speed the spread of this agri­ age birth rate for developing countries is 40 knowledge and assistance it requires to exer­ cultural revolution-by adequate and prop­ to 45 per 1000 of population. To get this cise that right. erly administered -technical and financial as­ rate down to the 17 tQ 20 per 1000 that ls Nor need anyone be deterred from appro­ sistance to the developing-countries-we· can ~omni.on in coritemporacy Europe would re­ priate action by' the pernicious, if pervasive, expect that for · the next two decitdes the qu.ire a reduction in the developing world my-th tha~ ·the white· western world's assist­ world's food supply Will grow at a'-faster Tate · of ·some 50 million births a year. To suppose . ance· in family planning efforts' among the than its population . May 5, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11451 .'rhe predicted spectre of famine can be . And resear1;:h eff,orts should range far be­ than it has been by any catastrophe the averted. , . , . . yond b_ioJogy. world has yet endured ~ It will 'take immense energy and organizing Demography, as a fully developed science, There is time-just barely time-to escape skill, and significant infusions of new capital remains in its infancy. It is likely that fewer that threat. investment-but it is possible to stave off than half the world's births are even reg­ We can, and we must, act. disaster. istered. And while the crude estimates of What we must comprehend is this: the What is required to accomplish this is not birth rates almost inevitably turn out to be population problem will be solved one way so much a psychologically comforting op­ too low, it is essential that more precise or the other. Our only fundamental option timism, as an energetic, creative realism. data be developed in those areas where the is whether it is to be solved rationally and I believe enough of that realism exists population problem is the most acute. humanely-or irrationally and inhumanely. among men of good will-both in the de­ Similarly, there is a pressing need for far Are we to solve it by famine? Are we to veloped and in the emerging world-to do more research in the socio-cultural aspects solve it by riot, by insurrection, by the vio­ the job. of family planning. There is manifestly a lence that desperately starving men can be This is the fundamental reason I do not great deal more to population planning than driven to? Are we to solve it by wars of share Lord Snow's degree of discouragement. merely birth control. Attitudes, motivation, expansion and aggression? Or are we to solve There is no point whatever in being naively preferences differ from country to country, it rationally, humanely-in accord with over-optimistic about a situation as full of and this essential research can clearly best man's dignity? peril as the population problem. be conducted locally. The developed nations There is so little time left to make the But I am confident that application of the should be generous in their financial sup­ decision. To make no decision would be to new technology will dramatically expand the port for such studies and surveys. make the worst decision of all. For to ignore rate of agricultural growth and will buy two Above all else, there is a need to develop a this problem is only to make certain that decades of time-admittedly the barest mini­ realistic sense of urgency in all countries nature will take catastrophic revenge on our mum of time-required to cope with the over the population problem. indecisiveness. population explosion, and reduce it to man­ Programs are beginning to show progress Providence has placed you and me-and all ageable proportions. in limited areas. But no reduction in birth of us-at that fulcrum-point in history where rates has yet been achieved anywhere in the a rational, responsible, moral solution to the VI underdeveloped areas which can significantly population problem must be found. How can this best be done? affect overall world population totals. You and I-and all of us--share the re­ To begin with, the developed nations must This means that family planning is going sponsibility, to find and apply that solution. give every measure of support they possibly to have to be undertaken on a humane but If we shirk that responsibility, we will can to those countries which have already massive scale. Other massive efforts 1n our have committed the crime. established family-planning programs. Many century-for example, in the field of public But it will be those who come after us have. The governments of India, Pakistan, health-have been mounted and have been who will pay the undeserved-and the un­ Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore successful. And granted all the difficulties, speakable-penalties. have established both policies and specific there is no insuperable reason this one targets for reducing population growth rates cannot be. and have shown some measurable progress. The threat of unmanageable population Ceylon, Malaysia, Turkey, Tunisia, the pressures is very much like the threat of United Arab Republic, Morocco, Kenya, Mau­ nuclear war. CONGRESSMAN EILBERG INTRO- ritius, Chile, Honduras, Barbados, and Ja­ Both threats are undervalued. Both threats DUCES THE DOOR-TO-DOOR maica are giving government support to fam­ are misunderstood. SALES ACT OF 1969 ily-planning programs, but need substantial Both threats can-and will-has cata­ technical or financial assistance before any strophic consequences unless they are dealt significant reduction in birth rates can occur. with rapidly and rationally. HON. JOSHUA EILBERG Some 20 other governments are considering The threat of violence is intertwined with OF PENNSYLVANIA family-planning programs. the threat of undue popuI.ation growth. It is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In other countries, where governments are clear that pop\Uatio_n pressures in the under- . Monday, May 5, 1969 only dimly aware of the dangers of the pop­ developed societies can lead to economic ten­ ulation problem-but would like, neverthe­ sions, and political turbulence: stresses in the Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, today I less, to ponder the matter-the developed .body politic which in the end can bring on have introduced the Door-to-Door Sales nations can quietly assist by helping with the con:tlicts among nations. demographic and social studies that will re­ Act of 1969. This bill is designed to pro­ Such violence must not be allowed to vide the consumer with some meaning­ veal the facts and thus point up the urgency happen. of the issue, a.nd the disadvantages of delay. ful and readily available relief once he It is essential, of course, to recognize the You and I-and all of us---share the re­ sponsibility of taking those actions necessary has succumbed to the high pressure right of a given country to handle its popu­ sales pitch of a door-to-door salesman lation problem in its own way. But handle it, to assure that it will not happen. it must. There is no point in despair. but has subsequently had time to mull The developed nations can point out the There is every point simply in getting busy over the transaction and realize that he demographic facts; can explain the economic with the job. That is surely what God gave has made an unwise and unwanted pur­ realities; can warn of the consequences of us our reason and our will for: to get on with chase, paid and unconscionable price, or procrastination. They can-and should-in­ the tasks which must be done. unnecessarily burdened his family with form. They should not-and cannot-pres­ I do not have to convince you of that here a major long-term expenditure. sure. at Notre Dame. My bill would permit a consumer, who Technologically advanced countries can You, and the Roman Catholic Church at has entered into a contract for goods or make one of their greatest contributions by large, are completely dedicated to the goal services in excess of $25 at a place other initiating a new order of intensity in research of development. One has only to read the into reproductive biology. They have starved Second Vatican Council's Pastoral Constitu­ than the seller's place of business, to re­ their research facilities of funds in this field. tion on the Church in the Modern World, scind that sale or contract if he mails­ The result is that we are still only on the and Pope Paul's Populorum Progressio to un­ by certified mail-or delivers in person threshold of understanding the complexities derstand that. Both these impressive docu­ to the seller at his place of business a of conception, and therefore only at the outer men~s call for a solution to the population, notice of his intent to rescind the con­ edge of the necessary knowledge to help make problem as it relates to development. Such 'tract of sale within 3 business days after . family planning in the developing countries controversy as remains in this matter is the contract or sale was made. It also · beneficial on a meaningful scale. merely about the means, not at all about the requires that the seller deliver to the Annual wor'ldwide expenditures for re­ end. search in reproductive biology now total I am confident that you in this university, buyer, at the time of the sale, or at the roughly 50 million dollars. The hardheaded and those in the Catholic community that time that the buyer signs a contract, a estimate is that the sum should treble to 150 reaches out around the gJobe, and the ·fa­ receipt which contains the seller's name million dollars· annually-for the next ten therly and compassionate Pontiff who stan$ls and adCiress, the details of the transac­ years-if we are to develop the knowledge at your helm----as well as men everywhere of tion, and a prominent notice advising necessary for the most effective and accept­ whatever religious allegiance-I am confident the buyer of his right to rescind the able kinds of family planning. that all of us are dedicated to that end how­ contract. Our parsimony in this matter in the United ever much we m.ay disagree on the specifics My bill is patterned after a steadily in­ States is illustrated by the discouraging fact of the means. that out of a total budget of nearly one bil­ The end desired by the Church-and by all creasing number of State cooling-off lion dollars, the National Institutes of Health men of good will-is the enhancement of hu­ laws. My home State of Pennsylvania this year are spending less than ten million man dignity. That, after all, is what develop­ has such a law. I believe that Federal dollars fer research in population-related ment is all about. legislation in this area is important be­ phenomena. . Hundreds of millions of dollars And human dignity is severely threatened cause the matters covered by my bill for death control. Scarcely 1 % of that by the population explosion-more severely, affect all the States. My bill will estab­ amount for fertility control. more completely, more certainly threatened lish clear and consistent requirements 11452 EXTENSIONS b:F·: iti:MAR.k.S ' Mf of the· product being sold to be confident· rapid growth will occur in the fte1d as that the consumer will want that produCt more and more firms turn from direct the Door-to-Door Sales Act of 1969 are: even .after there has been 3 days ·to · First, Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays think over his decision to pur.chase from mail to the door-to-door approach. are not included as business days; sec- The vast majority of door-to-door sell­ ond, the bill protects the consumer from a door-to-door .seller. ers honestly perform a constructive and the difficulty which he experiences when useful function to conveniently bringing he trys to rescind a contract only to find their products to the doors of millions of that th:e seller .ihas discounted, negoti­ POLISH CONSTITUTION DAY housewives. But, -a brief examination of aterovided in the est law-the moral law of God and the that it maximizes what has been called bill shall be subject to a civil pena!J.ty·not principles which that law embodies. They "impulse buYing." It is quite one thing to exceed $2,500 per violation:· have been steadfast in their adherence to to buy an elQ>ensive kinket on i.Jnpulse, My bill alsO provides f~r the courts tho~e principl_es. They. would -not com~

. ; i May 5, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11453 promise with the law of the jungle,. the here today to talk with a. group of men who diagnose disease for doctors; shopping lists law that might makes right. Because of have done so :much to spur industrial prog­ _will be placed in qonsoles a_t hon:ie, ti:ans­ their unwavering devotiOn to their· prin­ ress in America. Our firm's association with mitted to a warehouse, and the goods will be your membership has provided us with a delivered to the door with the cost auto­ . ciples, the sc9µ~ge of war which later en- great sense of _pride-pride in what you are matically deducted from banking accounts; gulfed the whole world, came to them in doing and pride in the fact that we are able and intercity travel will be on trains moving 1939. . at times to be of help to you in your work. on air. Only people impued with the highest It. is a very great honor and privilege to Yet all these summaries of technological ideals of morality and justice, would speak. before this Golden Anniversary Meet­ and scientific brillance of both the present have resisted the onslaught of the great­ ing of the Associated Equipment Distribu­ and the future must sometimes leave you, as est military machine that the world had tors. A very great industrial institution, one they do me, with a feeling that all is not as ever known up to that time. What of the most important and vital trade asso­ . wonderful as our scientists say it is. As an ciations in our modern business world, has inhabitant of Long Island, I am certainly as courage it took to stand for principle come into being since that day in 1919 wlien pleased as anyone that man has circled the when compromise with the ideology of five pioneer equipment distributors stood on moon, but I would be even more pleased if the aggressors would have been so ma­ a suburban railroad platform in Western the commuter trains could get me to New terially expedient. Pennsylvania and decided there ought to be , York City on time. As an owner of an auto- What irony of fate, that Poland, which a common meeting ground for all those who . mobile, I am impressed -with its .beauty and presented to the free world an were engaged in marketing equipment to the its power, but I wish I did not have to wait example of steadfastness to the cause of construction industry. Over the yea.rs, the a week before my dealer would iook at the freedom by resisting Nazi aggression, A.E.D. and the great series of Road Shows car to see if he could eliminate a problem. should now suffer oppression by an equal­ have made incalculable contributions to the As the possessor of a television set, I am awed economic strength and material progress of by this demonstration of ma.n's mastery of ly brutal, conscienceless regime-the this nation and have earned for the con­ electronics, but I wish I could find someone · Soviets. struction equipment industry a. reputation to remedy a condition where I get channel The free world must not, and cannot and acceptance by business and government four when I tune into channel two and never with honor, fail to make every effort to tha,t makes your calling one of the most get channel two at all. It's confusing. restore freedom to Poland. Poland's cour­ respected in the American business world. I I could go on like this, but I think you will age and sufferings have made her an congratulate you on this most significant understand my point. As much as I praise our immortal symbol of resistance to and happy anniversary. Utopia, I recognize that it has its frustra­ tyranny. Revolutions ... the real revolutions of life tions. I not only recognize them, I live with ... a.re created by rather quiet people intent them-day in and day out. So do you. You as on doing their work. James Watt, Robert equipment distributors and I as a finance Fulton, Henry Ford, Guglielmo Ma.rconi­ man can leave the advancement of solutions CORPORATION CHAIRMAN SOUNDS these were true revolutionaries. They con­ to our sociological economic and political WARNING: "WANTED: MANPOWER tributed to an industrial revolution that problems to others. But I think we can FOR UTOPIA" rolls on to new inventive ·and scientific legitimately claim to know something about achievements. With the help of you men who technical deficiencies in our. Utopia, and to distribute essential equipment, we have make suggestions as to how they may at least HON. LESTER L. WOLFF reached a. point in our development where be reduced. OF NEW YORK it can be said that we are living in Yester­ Obviously, the big problem is the ratio of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATTVES day's Dream of Utopia-at least in the tech­ adequately trained manpower to machines. nological sense. Two examples Will explain what I m.ean: Ten Monday, May 5, 1969 The crowning technological success of this years ago, there was one trained mechanic for Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, a financial decade undoubtedly will be putting a. man on every 109 cars on the road. Today, the ratio the moon. It is difficult !or us over fifty to be­ is one mechanic for every 125 cars. And, of leader who has a broad vision of national lieve it. I can still remember the day when an course, cars are much more complicated to­ needs in other areas recently stated in airplane fiew over my school and the teacher day than they were 10 years ago. The same clear, forceful terms the need of this suspended the class in order that we might sort of deteriorating ratio can be found in country for skilled technicians to fill a look out the window at that amazing sight. medicine. In 1900 there was one health as­ critical shortage created by the mush­ It seems as if it were only yesterday that sistant for every doctor. Today there is one rooming technological developments of ·Charles Lindbergh fiew the Atlantic alone. for every 13 doctors. By 1975, it is expected our time. What has happened, of course, is an amazing there will be one for every 25 doctors. Similar speed-up in our rate of technological develop­ comparisons could be made for many another Mr. Charles S. Jensen, chairman of ment. field of endeavor. the board of the CIT Corp., and one of Palmer Hoyt, editor and publisher of the Clearly, we are undergoing a decline in the my distinguished constituents residing at Denver Post, has graphically illustrated this relative number of people employed in the Manhasset, Long Island, points out in speeding up of man's progress. To show how mechanical and technical · arts-as auto his speech-"Wanted: Manpower for this change has accelerated, he supposed the mechanics, plumbers, radio and television re­ Utopia"-that technology is being de­ past 50,000 yea.rs were compressed into the pa.irmen, medical technicians, carpenters, all veloped to the extent that our lives may, lifetime of a. 50-year-old man. Just 10 years the other vocations below the professional in time, actually become utopian. a.go, this 50-year-old man would have level in our society. We have the most critical crawled out of a cave. Two years ago he shortage of technical manpower ever known But he warns that- would have heard of Christianity. Twenty in this country because of the increas1ng im­ we are undergoing a. decline in the relative days ago he would have first learned of elec­ pact of technology on our lives. number of people employed in the mechan­ tricity. Ten days ago he would have listened As you have recognized, we must place the ical and technical arts-as auto mechanics, to a radio for the first time. And he would responsibility for our relative lack of tech­ plumbers, radio and television repairman, now be getting ready to ride in a. jet air­ nicians upon our educational system and medical technicians, carpenters, all the other plane, invented a. few minutes ago. the social status atmosphere of the society in vocations below the professional level in our We are rapidly approaching the end of the which we live. To put it bluntly, middle­ society. twentieth century-surely the most amaz­ class America overemphasizes the four-year In fact, Mr. Jensen says: ingly progressive 100 yea.rs, from the tech­ college education lea.ding to the baccalaureate nical standpoint, in the history of man. Our degree. We a.re in the midst of the most critical minds are filled with guesses of what will be shortage of technical manpower ever known lt is certainly a very good thing that wt happening by the time we enter the new Americans want to educate our children­ in this country because of the increasing im­ century. Let us remember that the people pact of technology on our lives. prefera.bly to educate them just a. little bet­ who will be here in the year 2,000 are al­ ter than we ourselves were educated. Never­ Then, he makes some interesting and ready in our schools, and by the turn of the theless, there is a. good deal of snob appeal, practical suggestions for meeting this century they will be only 35 to 50 years of striving for status, in giving to some chil­ problem, that will, I am sure, Mr. old-in their prime. dren the type of education for which they Speaker, be of interest to you and our What will life be like? are not suited. · colleagues. Under unanimous consent I I recently saw a forecast, published in Eng­ I think a quotation from Dr. Felix Robb, include Mr. Jensen's speech in the REC­ land by the Advisory Center for Education, director of the Southern Association of Col­ that offered these probabilities: robots will leges and Schools, is apropos at this point: ORD, as follows: do domestic household chores; cripples will "The education profession has been prac­ WANTED: MANPOWER FOR UTOPIA move on automatically controlled limbs that ticing a. form of snob appeal that has over­ (By Charles S. Jensen before the 1969 Con­ will move like human legs; most people will sold the value of college enrollment for some vention of the Associated Equipment Dis­ have their own personal computers, just as individuals to the point where millions of tributors, Chicago, Jan. 20, 1969) most now have wrist watches; a. turn of the youngsters who cannot or should not go to Thank you, Mr. Chairman. knob at home will bring a complete facsimile college view themselves at age 16 or 17 as fail­ ~t ls a very great pleasure !or me to be of a newspaper; computers will automatically ures." A group of University of California 11454 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 5, 1969 and Stanford University psychiatrists and should stl'ive to get across to our young peo­ ther problem we have today .is ftnd1ng or community college and to their adminis­ must remember that a dropout ls simply an -employment .for persons Wh'O are members Df tr.ators as well, and aSk for action. We can minority races. ·T.oward meetl.ng this problem., needle .and encourage them to get & .real pro­ early h~aver of the roucatlonal environment as he h1l.s founti it. In most cases, it ls a business has displayed ccnmnendable .1nltia- gram going. For example, maybe the skllled waste 'Of tmre to -ask him to return lto that 1oive. Across the nation. thousands of busi­ Journeyman teacher of a .critically-needed environment.·n ts the environment itself that ness organizations ... including my own~ .• vocational skill should be the highest paid member of tne faculty-he can command needs to be ehanged. Instead ·of modeni have sought out a.n.d hired what are e.alled such money outside. literature, algebra and Fren-ch, let us offer "''the hard cor.e unemployed." him distributive education, carpentry, elec­ And theI!e's the rub. While business is (2) If we don't get results in this way, we tronics, medical technology or automobile seeking--and falling to locate-tens of thou­ can encourage candidates for school board ,sands of vocationally skilled employees, ther.e positions to take a positive, affirmative stand mechanics. I believe that our educational system sh-ould give as much encouragement are equal ,or greater numbers .of vocationally on the need for modernized technical ~u­ and status to a boy 'Who -can adjust a unsldlled people tn our society who eit1her cation and if we don't have DlllCh success carburetor as to one who can eonjugate -a can't get a job at all or can be hired only fDr with this-why maybe .some of us ought to some mental service .occupatioa What's the run for these jobs cux.selves. Latin verb. answer to .bringing tlle needs of these two (3) We certainly should provide our local Each of us here today-concerned -a-s we groups together and fulfilling both? Obvious­ schools with current ln!ormation and fore­ are with the industrial and technological ly. it is the subjee:t we '8.Te discussing-the casts on the skills and. t_ypes of employees we progress of this nation-'sh.-ould give some need for more vocational education both and other businessmen in the community re­ thought as to how <0ur educational system can quantitatively'Bnd qualltatai:vely and making quire. Taise the -status of vocational work and the the .oppo1·tunlties i.or thiS traLWng available (4) W.e should. be willing to cooper.ate !ully self-esteem of those employed in it. under properly encouraging c.onditl-0ns ito ln uffering support to the on-the-Job phases Because all but a few of the teachers a boy young people ev.erywhere-partlcularly tlilose of our local vocational educational programs. or girl encounters in hts early learning years in our ghettos. (5' We should talk about this problem to bave no knowledge of and little interest in One encour..aglng fact .ls that the deficien­ other businessi:nen and c.1 v!c leader&--as I a.m vocational work, there is a tendency to rele­ cies of .ed uca.tion in the vocational area .ane ta.Iklng to you 1;Qday. We 'Should get our gate such courses to the "shop" down in the now being perceiv.ed as never be!ore .John B. cham.ber .of conuneroe_, ilocal ser;vlce clubs and basement. Often equlpment is out-dated and .Harmon. .executive vice president .of th:e Na­ parents• organizations lnterestect. get the .r.e­ damaged. A dreary atmosphere of non-success tional Employment Association of Wathing­ sponslble leadership of the Negro community pervades the room. The child -gets the point ton.. .recently noted. ''.It is a fact that .our involved, go after all the local pollti.clans and that this i·s th1' kind of endea'VQI' on-e under­ modern soclety does not place proper em­ officialdom and get them a.roused. Groups like takes if one isn't smart enough to become a phasis on .a.n.d,, in too many cases, does not these are the ones who can help ·raise the dlg­ lawyer. a doctor, a teacher, a business execu­ even recognize the 1mportant pa.rt craftsmen .nity a.nd -aeceptanCie .af vnca.tlonal tralnlng t.lve, a writer~ We need to correct thi"S image and techn1clans play in this technological and co~etent blue~collar work :among the of vocational work. age... , Many educ.a.tors. parents And. busi­ younger gener&tion. Not so long ago, I 'Visited a. two-year tech­ nessmen have been blind to their responsi­ '{6) We should line up the editorial sup­ nical institute, open to 'high scbool graduates. bility of px.epanng ynu.th for a Jiving.••• port of the locall newspapers. If you want .a It was one of six agricultural and technical Many you.o,g people desire to atten.d voca­ copy or two of this talk to give to your local institutes establlshro by New York State tional schools and technical instl tutlons but editors, "I'll be glad to send them to you. wlthln the past deeade. • The institutes award are discouraged from doing so by their par­ (7) I could suggest many other aetivlties, asso.c1ate degrees in sueh essential endeavors ents, advisors and others." b11.t 1't isn't necessary• .If you as an individual as biological technology, hospital -manage­ Fortunately, a move toward more voca­ are mcllned to get involved. you '11 find your ment technology, dental .hygience, food proc­ tlonal education .is under way. This past own best -avenues ;to get .results.. I do urge essing technology, X-ray technology, indus­ October, the Vocational Education Amend­ you. however" 'W become !a.mlllar with. and trial instrumen-tation technology, mea-sure­ ments of 1968 were slgned into law. These support. the new :advisory council and przy.. ment .seience, eonstructlon technology-and t.otally revise and consolidate our existing gram that wm be set up .1n your state under . I have by no nieaDG exhausted the list. I was vocational education laws. The Office of Edu­ the 1968 Federal Vocational Education impressed by the beauty of the campus, but cation hopes to have the new regulations Amendments. In addition, if you want more also by the newness, the quality and the entered into the Federal Register by the end information and guidance, you can make volume of the equipment, particularly by of March, giving them the effect of law. eontaet with the 1,600-member National Em· equipment used in the construction indus­ New guidelines for the complete rewrltlng ployment Associatiol!l, which is the national try. The "shop," if w.e can call it tba.t, was of all state vocational plall'S will need to be coordinator f0r private industry J.n this whe>le a vast room, almost u blg as a \football field.. drawn. New national and state advisory coun­ field. They are located at 2000 K Street, N. W ... five stories high with a glass-enclosed bal­ cils wlll have to be formed. Local and state Washington, D.C., and the Executive Vice cony where visitors eould watch the s.tu;. program projections and plans w'lll have to President ls John E. Harmon whom I have dents and their instructors.. But the thing be drawn up and submitted before the states pr.evloUSly •quoted. that impressed me most at the institution can get Federal grant funds. These tbne­ In clusl.ng, let me say tha't I have ma-de was a simple little sign I saw in one of consuming preparations must be made be­ these suggestions be1'ore this gathering be­ the medical laboratories. It read: "There is fore new programs can .actually get under­ cause. as I said earlier, l believe you have con­ nothing second .class about a. first rate way. tributed. mightily to the revolutionary tech­ technician." .Business pa.rtiCipa.ti.on pr. bly wfil be -the nological progress we have so .!a.r achieved in This ls the idea 1: think we 1n business .most imp.orta.nt factor J.n the Vecat.1.on:al this country. And I believe, too, that you are Eciuca.tion Pxogram. conscioUB or tthe fa'Ct that our Utopia needs • Delhi A_gr.icuJ.tur.aJ. & Techn,g. To achieve the greatness we stitute. Delhi. N.Y. that .liltatement. But the message and the all deske 1!01" our country.. i1e.t 118 beg1n to May 6, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11455 make those repa.irs by attacking the shocking templation, I resolved to do something and exercise stock options. As they waste Of the potentialities of many young to alleviate sufferings of our oil industry. squeeze· retail dealers ever tighter and people that is being fostered by a.n educa­ My guilt is almost too much to bear. I extort still more from the American tional system that too often is failing to deal with the realities of today· and tomorrow. must cleanse my conscience. public through fraudulent gambling After unending hours of meditation, I games, they will fondly remember our have a perfect solution. We throw bene­ noble act of noblesse oblige. fit dinners for the needy-among them It will comfort us to know this as we MR. A. PHILIP RANDOLPH politicians. Why not have a national pay higher fuel bills, gas prices, and oil fund-raising dinner for our oil industry? costs. As we stagger along under an ever­ A gargantuan Lucullan feast, at which mounting load of taxes, we shall be com­ HON. WILLIAM T. MURPHY all America could gather to do homage forted knowing our labor and unclosed OF ILLINOIS to them, showing our appreciation for income tax loopholes have made it pos­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES unceasing efforts. The thought sets me sible for these beloved brethren to thrive Tuesday, April 29, 1969 atwitch with glee. At last we would be in unprecedented luxury. able to show our oil industry what we Perhaps the oil barons will even brush Mr. MURPHY of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, really think of it. Perhaps President away a tear when they next testify before I would like to join with my distinguished Nixon would even consent to call the a congressional committee on how poor colleague, the gentleman from Michigan cards on pledges. they are and why they should be allowed (Mr. DIGGS), in extending congratula­ A menu for such a banquet would fea­ to continue to enjoy privileges for a few tions to Mr. A. Philip Randolph on the ture special exotic dishes the oil industry at expense of the many. occasion of his 80th birthday. has long favored as daily fare. My sug­ Mr. Randolph, the head of the gested menu is as follows: Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters Appetizers: Marinated househQld until his retirement last year, long has budget, minced oil bills-choice of one. POLAND'S CONS III 0 !ION DAY been one of this country's leaders in pro­ Soup: Cream of mortgage-payer soup, moting human rights. Hts career as a consomme of repair bills. labor and civil rights spokesman has Entrees: Haunch of householder, ft.let HON. WILLIAMS. BROOMFIELD been characterized by both dedicated of taxpayer, taxpayer under glass, tax­ OF MICHIGAN work and commitment to social equality payer sauteed in heavy oil-domestic­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the United States. brisket of breadwinner, prime rib of wage Thursday, May 1, 1969 It 1s my pleasure to join in the expres­ earner, crown roast of housewife, sea­ sion of gratitude to Mr. Randolph and to bird soaked in crude oil. Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, May extend to him my warmest regards. Vegetables: Fried agony of taxpayer, 3, 1791, was a very eventful day in the mashed matron, hashed householder, history of Poland, for it was on that day braised pocketbooks, stewed treasury the Polish Constitution was drafted. form filler-outer, creamed misery at tax This outstanding document even today A FUNDRAISING DINNER FOR time. stands as one of the guiding lights of NEEDY OIL EXECUTIVES Desserts: Whipped wallets, chocolate European democracy. Many of the prin­ mousee of employee, iced commuter, ciples of a free democratic government HON. BERTRAM L. PODELL baked payer of expenses, brandied part­ that we cherish so much in the West to­ time worker. day can be found embodied in this great OF NEW YORK Liqueurs: Courvoisier al la oversea proclamation. This declaration by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES depletion allowance, benedictine de la freedom-loving people of Poland stands Monday, May 5, 1969 drilling expenses, schnapps aged in 27 ~ as a milestone in the struggle of man­ percent domestic oil depletion allowance. kind for the establishment of represent­ Mr. PODELL. Mr. Speaker, I have ative and democratic governments. been much moved by plaints of our oil Nuts: Mixed Treasury style, pecans a la Louisiana. The new Constitution of Poland was industry in recent weeks, as they claim short lived. The authoritarian rulers in persecution by those demanding tax re­ Digestive aids: Bromo and Alka Seltzer for those taxpayers who will provide the the countries surrounding Poland would form at expense of their plushly profit­ not permit a democracy in their midst. able tax privileges. banquet, have only a right to watch it consumed and suffer digestive pains The Russians were the first to move After all, Marathon Oil did not pay without benefit of enjoyment of the against Poland, followed by the Prus­ out a single penny in Federal taxes in dishes. sians and the Austrians who divided the 1963, 1964, and 1965. They earned $138,- After observing our oil industry serve country of Poland among themselves. . 520,000 in net income before tax in 1967, America up for so long, it behooves us to The Constitution disappeared but the and paid out 2.7 percent of it in Federal return the favor. After such a meal and thoughts of freedom can never be erased tax. Now this is what I really call acute accompanying gestures, the assembled oil from the hearts and minds of the Polish suffering. Tears course down my face as barons will show gratitude by their glad people. Poland and the free world are I read of their plight. Nor is this all. cries of significant volume. Running to anxiously waiting, hoping and praying One sobs with g1ief when discovering embrace us, unashamed of their ragged for the day to arrive when once again that Sinclair Oil earned $130,017,000 in appearance, they will be properly ap­ the Constitution will once more be re­ 1967 in net income, paying but a 8.1 per­ preciative. Then off to their humble little stored and the Polish nation will take its cent of it in Federal taxes. Tidewater weatherbeaten 40-room shacks in creaky, rightful place in the family of free na­ Oil, before being absorbed by poverty­ battered old chauffeured Rolls Royces. tions. stricken Getty Oil, earned $42,762,000 in Sobbing with thankfulness over our ges­ This year's May 3 observance C'.) in ­ net income before taxes in 1968. A ture, they will clasp the precious memory cided with significant dates in Polish pitiless Federal Government heartlessly of such an occasion to their bosoms as history. It was the 30th anniversary of extorted 4.1 percent of that in Federal they gaily count billions robbed from us German-Soviet attack on Poland; 25th income taxes. How unconscionable. I through foreign and domestic oil deple­ anniversaries of the Battle of Monte­ have heard a nasty rumor to the effect tion allowances. Tax privileges, I might Casino; Warsaw uprising, and of the that they have even begun to serve do­ add, which the President has somehow founding of the Polish American Con­ mestic champagne in homes and country forgotten to include in this tax reform gress. clubs frequented by oil people as a re­ program. A temporary oversight, I am So on the anniversary of Polish Con­ sult of such staggering taxation. How sure. stitution Day, I extend my good wishes t') sad that special privilege has fallen to They will speak in hushed tones for the friends of free Poland throughout the such low estate. decades to come of our virtues as they world. It is my solemn wish that Poland After a long night devoted to ago­ gather in the caribbean and along the may once again in the very near future nized soul-searching and prayerful con- Riviera to count dividends, clip coupons. enjoy the fruits of a democracy.