Beyond the Pale a Reunion Between President Mikhail Gorbachev & Secretary of State George Shultz Moderated by Charlie Rose
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SPRING 2009 HERITAGEAmerican Jewish Historical Society BEYOND THE PALE A reunion between PRESIDENT MIKHAIL GORBACHEV & SECRETARY OF STATE GEORGE SHULTZ Moderated by Charlie Rose + inside 2009 EMMA LAZARUS STATUE OF LIBERTY AWARD PRESENTED TO KENNETH J. BIALKIN AJHS GLOBAL LEADERSHIP AWARD PRESENTED TO PRESIDENT GORBACHEV RETRACING THE CaREER OF YIDDIsh SPECIAL INSERT ThEATER LEGEND MOLLY PICON from the ajhs archives... a peek at our archives’ most entertaining treasures, currently on exhibit in new york A Letter From DAN KAPLAN President, AJHS Dear Friends: This year the Emma Lazarus Statue of Liberty Award Luncheon cel- ebrated a reunion between former President Mikhail Gorbachev and former U.S. Secretary of State George Shultz moderated by Charlie Rose. The conversation was about the emigration of Soviet Jewry and other minorities from the Soviet Union and the normalization of rela- tions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The Society presented its newly created Global Leadership Award to President Gorbachev and its Emma Lazarus Statue of Liberty Award to our Chairman Emeritus Kenneth Bialkin. This issue of HERITage contains pictures and remarks made at the event. We were honored with the presence of for- mer Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, former U.S. Treasury Secretary Paul O’Neill, former New York City Mayor Ed Koch, American Jewish Committee Executive Director David Harris and Israeli Ambassador to the UN Gabriela Shalev. The luncheon was two years in the making. We were fortunate that the paths of President Gorbachev and Secretary of State Shultz crossed on March 26 in New York City and so we were able to host these world leaders at a luncheon at the Rainbow Room. Motivating our interest in having Charlie Rose stimulate the dialogue between Gorbachev and Shultz was our burning interest in ascertaining how much Gorbachev’s decisions were influenced by the American Soviet Jewry movement. It was apparent that the efforts of the movement were successful in causing President Reagan and Secretary of State Shultz to put the issue of the emigration of Soviet Jewry at the top of Reagan’s foreign policy agenda. The Society’s records contain a significant amount of the Soviet Jewry movement’s archives and they will now include a record- ing of this event. We were thrilled that Secretary of State Shultz disregarded prepared remarks and warmly embraced the significant role played by Ken Bialkin in heading the Soviet Jewry movement and pursuing the col- CONTRIBUTORS lection of its records for the Society. Our Chairman Sid Lapidus deliv- ered a stirring tribute to President Gorbachev, awarding him the first Global Leadership Award. During Charlie Rose’s interview numerous and important remarks concerning the Gorbachev/Reagan and Shultz relationship were discussed. Rather than summarizing them in this letter watch the April 21 Charlie Rose broadcast online at www.charlierose.com/ view/interview/10246. Wayne Hoffman, guest editor, is manag- Writer and performer Caraid O’Brien ing director of special projects at Nextbook. received three new play commissions from The event was successful intellectually, emotionally, and financially. He previously served as an editor at the the Foundation for Jewish Culture for her However, the Society, like all not-for-profits, has been deeply impacted Forward, Billboard magazine, and the translations of classic Yiddish plays. She also New York Blade, and his cultural report- contributed an essay on Yiddish theater to by the downturn in the economy. We have survived for 117 years dur- ing has appeared in the Washington Post, A Living Lens: Photographs of Jewish Life ing recessions and the Great Depression. We will be serving our con- The Nation, the Village Voice, and elsewhere. from the Pages of the Forward. stituency for many more years with your help and our restraint. There is much more to share with you but I’d rather end by including a letter we received from George Shultz that is a source of an enormous pride to the Society. Thank you. Lawrence Levi has worked as an editor Oren Rawls is a freelance journalist on the editorial page of The New York based in New York. His writing has been Times and, most recently, at Nextbook.org. published in the Los Angeles Times, Daniel R. Kaplan, President His articles about films and film culture Miami Herald, Baltimore Sun, Al Hayat, have appeared in the Times, Vanity Fair, and Asia Times, among other publications. The Nation, and many other publications. Design by Kay MultiMedia American Jewish Historical Society OFFICERS HERITAGE KEnnETH J. BIALKIN Chairman Emeritus SID LAPIDUS Chairman CONTENTS DANIEL R. KAPLAN President 4 Honoring Leadership ARNOLD H. KAPLAN SAMUEL R. KARETSKY Gala fetes former Soviet President NAncy T. POLEVOY LOUISE P. ROSEnfELD Mikhail Gorbachev and AJHS Chairman LAUREncE ZUCKERMAN Emeritus Kenneth J. Bialkin Vice Presidents GEORGE M. GARFUNKEL 8 Opening the Iron Curtain Secretary Archive chronicles a movement that united JEffREY S. OPPEnhEIM, M.D. American Jewry Assistant Secretary STEVEN D. OPPEnhEIM special insert MOLLY PICON Treasurer Picon: Icon JOshUA H. LAndES How did a shmendrick become a legend Assistant Treasurer of stage and screen? BOARD OF TRUSTEES Looking Back M. BERNARD AIDINOff NORMAN LIss An exhibition of the performer’s STANLEY I. BATKIN DEBORAH DAsh MOORE scrapbooks from the AJHS archives KEnnETH J. BIALKIN EdgAR J. NATHAN, III RONALD C. CURHAN JEffREY S. OPPEnhEIM, M.D. On the Small Screen RUTH B. FEIN STEVEN D. OPPEnhEIM DVDs and the Internet bring GEORGE M. GARFUNKEL NAncy T. POLEVOY Molly Picon into your living room JEffREY GUROCK ARNOLD J. RABINOr MIchAEL G. JEssELSON HAROLD S. ROSEnbLUTH ARNOLD H. KAPLAN LOUISE P. ROSEnfELD DANIEL R. KAPLAN BRUCE SLOVIN SAMUEL R. KARETSKY JACOB STEIN HARVEY M. KRUEGEr JOSEPH S. STEInbERG JOshUA H. LAndES MORTON M. STEInbERG SIdnEY LAPIDUS RONALD S. TAUBER AndREW LEWIN JUSTIN L. WynEr JONATHAN E. LEWIS LAUREncE ZUCKERMAN IRA A. LIPMAN HONORARY LIFE TRUS TE E S SHELDON S. COHEN PhILIP LAX ALAN M. EdELSTEIN DR. ARTHUR S. ObERMAYER WILLIAM M. GInsbURG SUE R. WARBURG ROBERT D. GRIES EFREM WEINREB Capital Letters EVAN KINGSLEY 16 Executive Director Looking back at our founding fathers’ thoughts on Jewish issues SUSAN L. MALBIN Director of Library and Archives th This page, from top: Soviet Jewry movement 15 West 16 Street 160 Herrick Road buttons; Molly Picon on the Maxwell House New York, NY 10011 Newton Centre, MA 02459 Radio Show WMCA; George Washington: 212-294-6160 617-559-8880 Charles Peale Polk, artist, 1793–4 H EVENTS EMMA LAZARUS STATUE OF LIBERTY AWARD 2009 “We must never forget those who went the human qualities that drew Reagan and through those terrible trials and tribu- Gorbachev together—a commitment to fam- lations,” said former Soviet President ily and recognition of common humanity. Mikhail Gorbachev at the 2009 Ameri- AJHS Chairman emeritus Kenneth J. can Jewish Historical Society Emma Bialkin received the award for his lifetime Former Secretary of State george shultz presents Lazarus Statue of Liberty Award lun- of leadership and contributions to the Jew- the Emma Lazarus Statue of Liberty Award to cheon, held on March 26 at New York’s ish people and to Israel, and for founding kenneth j. bialkin. Rainbow Room. “What is dangerous the Archive of the American Soviet Jewry is forgetfulness.” The luncheon, titled Movement at AJHS. “Beyond the Pale,” marked two decades Shultz abandoned prepared remarks to since the fall of the Berlin Wall, and the speak from the heart, and praised Bialkin global realignment that followed. for his persistent advocacy at the highest Kenneth J. Bialkin was the recipient levels of government on behalf of Soviet of the 2009 Emma Lazarus Statue of Lib- Jews, saying that when Gorbachev came erty Award. Gorbachev, who was awarded to power, “we both sensed that change had AJHS’s first Global Leadership Award, was come.” Gorbachev corroborated the role joined at the event by former U.S. Secre- of American Jewish advocacy on behalf of tary of State George Shultz in conversation Soviet Jews, noting, “Reagan mentioned it with PBS’s Charlie Rose about their crucial at every meeting.” roles in ending the Cold War and the emi- AJHS President Daniel R. Kaplan gration of some one million Soviet Jews. produced the event as a warm tribute to (The conversation was broadcast on the Bialkin, his lifelong friend. April 21 edition of the Charlie Rose Show.) Among the 270 attendees were former The Gorbachev/Shultz/Rose conversa- Secretary of State Henry Kissinger; former tion touched on Russo-American relations Treasury Secretary Paul O’Neill; former Chairman sid lapidus gives the Global Leadership today, the future of nuclear arms prolifera- New York City Mayor Ed Koch; members Award to former Soviet President mikhail gorbachev. tion and negotiations with Iran, optimism of law and financial firms; and the heads of Lapidus said, “President Gorbachev’s leadership helped to bring the cold war to an end. During his for the Obama and Medvedev administra- major Jewish organizations, UJA/Federa- leadership of the Soviet Union, his recognition of human rights and freedom opened the doors to tions, and the role of Russian Jews in Israeli tion, the American Jewish Committee, and thousands of Soviet Jews to emigrate to the coun- politics today. In recalling their early meet- the Center for Jewish History. tries of their choice. The Society is very proud to award to you its first Global Leadership Award.” ings, both Shultz and Gorbachev emphasized photos: Melanie Einzig 4 HERITAGE SPRING 2009 PAST WINNERS OF THE EMMA LAZARUS STATUE OF LIBERTY AWARD Dr. Abraham L. Sacha, 1986 Armand Hammer, 1987 Edgar M. Bronfman, 1989 Sylvia Hassenfeld, 1994 Aaron Feuerstein, 1996 SEE Beverly Sills, 1998 Dr. Henry A. Kissinger, 1999 “Beyond the Pale: A reunion between President Sanford I.