1973A&A....23..221B Institut Astron. Observatoire Delta Received A. data b unpublished) pulsation Summary. variable 1. the b Pulsation very above. crosses a The We the served. (ii) in stars. 10 The Wright therefore practice, pulsator and f3 the velocity made (hotter) an determined that vestigations and around ment, (j Lindblad Scuti Scuti b Del Introduction Baglin+, km the Canis Scuti improvement main-sequence suggest star extension has amplitudes first small: CC have on & b d'Astronomie © and s- Eggen August cepheid their variables Set stars Astrophys. The the stars (1900) /3 1935 b and And 1 European Scuti a variable b mention of and the periods this de Set The Majoris are Canis respectively. many pointed Scuti a the M. pulsation resembled main-sequence Nice+, variables spectral a 28, few are photometric made and are (1956) relatively to Eggen younger as that of following extensive discussed, Breger*, who means in instability 1972 period be 23, are variable. established. collected Majoris hundredths de variables characteristics is of are Stars the light of other University or Colacevich out l'Universite 221- a variable. variable in found (1953) announced the short-period photographic Southern pulsating in between type cepheid period discovered analogs and the the In the a and a accurate 240 C. b definition types observational variables. band measurements Better Scuti addition and strip and Population the discovered existence (published radial A (1973) of Chevalierx, following cepheids between of In star de placed Texas less or 34 variability (1935) instability analyzed. of star a to up Lausanne relationships variables (or an the similar Observatory observations magnitude minutes velocity pulsators F. simultaneous pulsators so of group. the to at plates. important which than beats Walker its of radial ab Austin*, b three the A2 the far rather and years RR and and Scuti extension) a I B. et Scuti to of V Properties stars separate are one was of lie are (i) and strip, short-period Observatoire star It Further Hauck Fath magnitudes Lyrae (j theoretical velocity situated the and previously (1953) l! and is and Observatoire either suggested Set. often was generally than stars variable: made Pup between develop DQ required 5 situated day. in AI hours. which (1935) about radial FO • 0 non They stars only type Cep and , and and ob Vel are the the Provided on in by of J.M. In V. in of de de Geneve Meudon, le period Key discoveries of the tematic had made require J0rgensen The In reflector. subsequent 1972a, With variables within subject of made vestigations. other at Fig. Contel+, -0.010 +0.010 variable the 0.000 0 Fig. these , fact words: 1. by five observations Observatoire Lick 02.00 Light the by to fields pulsators b). Department reach 1, the modem searches and My+ that point stars The Danziger members. 24 are a numerous curve stars. J.P. et b of typical inch NASA Astrophysics nights. of to of (j Scuti Const. variability 03.00 the known b Scuti out (Moy we al. a of Astronomy, give reflector de Sareyanv Scuti photoelectljc At for d'Astrophysique small the small ParisV, thought were these (1971) 22,1969) and stars light the At Only variables recent more variable reliable and 04.00 variables telescope. by time Dickens present, amplitudes and curve directions. made - Departement M.B. a and after and (j cepheid it developments H.R. thousand and .period Scuti the basic 05.00 necessary techniques. are Fondamentalex, in J.C. with 6290 Breger made. b (1967), 1965 more an the Scuti variables also data variables were de Data of in Valtier+ attempt the V 06.00 the more were Photometrie than This most of variable filter Millis HR (1966, to for confirmed Lick V in relevance Several System 6290 filter U.T. review have numerous should is future 70 the is variables has - (1967b), 07.00 24-inch shown. due obtained b 1969a, short group study Scuti been been sys the in on be to to 1973A&A....23..221B 222 are Observations taken amplitudes of 2. epochs detection, quences on The has stars and in techniques weather be Photoelectrically, 2.1. star-star Light We 4.5 niques (i) detected; evaluation and guarded fatigue filters observers This has (Sareyan magnetic and (ii) voltage (field observing two (This cathod sensitivities (iii) of mand, cathod clouds, than of ency Variability surface variations several Photomultiplier two the hours One variable, looked been Dickens in Photometry to comparison would brightness Atmospheric appears is varying the changes. with is lens) and amplitudes © the EMI. have when be to always is between effect stars conditions comparison variable easier has on against observed methods European time this have and but perpendicular gravity the avoid and field' case are P.M. insured of consecutive three by action like for. the ... to (1967) Measurements of to been most rules of variation stars inside was beats and required. are the needed Ischi, ) not other to If present of be even or and determine (Rufener, temperatures the stars. errors same different to The c5 main extinction and the obtain both a under as discovered careful described Scuti minimized and are employed radial promising in out changes on as with voltage to few list cathod exist. memory, possible and astronomers constant the 1972). can Southern the atmospheric well to shapes best object HT due to classical aims: required. study D.C. nights. are stable controversial some to a variables on 0.05 complete same diaphragm one velocity of some be period parts So, as 1966). the the sources to generally and possible In on coefficients their such P.M. obtaining ways and to of observing to precedingly successfully. are almost (Young, movements magnitudes by beat by fatigue of variable position long incident manner For amplitude each the photographic degree. line establish the measure, of Observatory Valtier of Unfortunately, observing the pulse-counting in P.M. keeping needed, to may as variability one changes have first (Lallemand, example 3 phenomena. observational the profiles which solve near case, variables, following instrumentation, and hours. zero problems thin and 1967) a as observing flux: stars, be Then, on three and and memory (1971) proper been photocathod. well by but of which and the them: have to if Differential it impossible. a the techniques at undetected instability. the are reduction terrestrial the e.g. also HR Danziger transpar possible, dynodes, is constant technics. of then changes different stability limit as certain under period during critical photo photo slower Fabry stages image to to better 1962), Lalle these stars using tech most 5005 • cycle may The A. and se the Provided be of be Baglin et differential efficients. (iv) effects, filters effective different may these work and (detection, system depend (v) as However, response If tube if should the by In reduction reduced. (vi) important the may pulses (vii) (viii) amplifier desirable to the similar diaphragm (ix) seeing ficant, or the seeing It system system (x) the rapidly. precision. to personal detectable. wavelengths al. the the T,,). detect. is larger the The Pulsational be_ Spurious the sources Outputs. Filter chromatic star sky at Photon be by quantity is Seeing circumstances, important comparison with be Johnson assuming the it be method are disk more large such problems used, a is conditions the tube the contribution. also and wavelengths chromatic colors has In is errors Since detected inside is problem kept necessary. the mode, and Young width narrow-band reduction problem not or should recommended. effective On of and increases Statistics. a addition NASA as necessary signal. hour to where stable to then width and on of such at measure effect related the it the amplitudes proposed counted are the V be to the from background avoid their a again are (1968) and information stars may the be angles. constant the filter during monitored have comparison quite other avoided. by pulses. one In at uvby shielded an in may variation and It Astrophysics present, wavelengths and method used in linearity If reductions the are color-dependent This the long the permits intermediate-band have the problem. sudden these purpose any information be has might filters. and of the and size. this the hand, variable. be by system nights the pulse-counting So This, to variable extinction-dependent. Shielding small are visual excludes temperature necessary physical shown wavelength possibility the time. changes. system. wavelengths overcome Sareyan sky a measure but effects extrinsic A it should very fatigue expect of in needed usually also the stars For 1 however, count is same diaphragm of of light P may time. may The contribution are the region. more that carefully. may atmosphere 21 An In variable star, a bright should fainter is Data are In the of parameters correct them A rapid color. and all of more be to larger be photomultiplier photomultiplier losses photomultiplier spurious increases. the to with of knowing obtained the the by extinction analog cutoff relatively (Young, likely interesting differ. the the more also in mode observations have of the appropriate. photometric The get Ischi stars System eliminating cold to D.C. differential objects. estimate cancel size extinction a wideband rapid light for at P.M. when increases counting be is to is difficult a appears weaker blue shorter a output These under pulses (1972) box of 1963). filters these given mode signi have easily given large such This more from This pre co out and are 20" the the to or of is 1973A&A....23..221B visible (xi) detection cancel In Without used. star small In these ~ systematic and The variables. ratio). more but parison (Ci. creased important pheric One C1VC The are generally 2.2. them curve, one obtained mining the period. time A hour possible an ten radial 10--20% This length fai~ter photoelectric spectrum 1 smtable than recorded present, Scuti kms- this very the Choice length therefore image minutes is hour their Spectroscopic comparison color C amplitudes suitable. may technique are stars of 2 variable, amplitudes © 2 variable is Data Section necessarily is in has 0.145, 0.20 five giants, the serious. correlations That not period if if not the be a evolved knowledge is y) might more already the period, P-L-r.,.' stars) difference based on __,, giants hours. (B- model System found 3.2). same observable surprising. are is (a T,, in mode involved the of why absolute analysis. t.c;( possible evolved V) the be are (taking for P, hotter P exists. radial > stage stars. color been have by) cali It The also it star and and one 0.250 not 0.30 un the be the of of in is is 1973A&A....23..221B Mv=Mv absolute Period; First Yanchak Star «Centre b Catalogue Parallax Fukuda Second - y, number line, mi. line, (1970). amplitude © magnitude 0 (1972). from de successive Ci. -9Llc Table! NUMBER of European o 01 successive 08 01 06 05 02 Donnees 12 10 09 13 11 17 16 15 14 19 18 20 22 21 25 24 23 26 in 30 29 28 31 .. Radial /J, the the LI 1 (b-y). mi. Bright in catalogue; 002628 000 8-Y from 009065 008511 006870 004919 +0.169 +0.216 009133 009100 +0.090 +o.124 -t0.155 017093 015550 010845 +0.158 023607 023567 023156 +3.135 024809 024550 023728 023643 +o.152 +0.179 I I x Tau • several Pup 20 Scuti , Scuti region _,._. of add known different now Observatory determinations Star CVn from Cnc Her oscillation, of group. of and and +1.2 more between stars the Catalogue authors ck! due between theoretical of the x AI properties - slow photometry amplitude ~Set •• the because instability Velorum as only consistency B-V The discussed diagram rotation rotation to rotation Mv • <> Hyades to where - - claim Scuti • stars. A. from strip and the the Provided an by Baglin_ The abundances certainties et trinsically seen, factor absolute cannot discussed two uncertain analysis it The Petersen As theoretical harmonic belong sensitive stars interval the cannot chemical This it By models uncertainties On and well Up be is variables particular just 6.4. A marized likely that causes vincing than been listed An have y could ability inside vations variability Magalashvili al. UMi as does extremely few the examining thrown difference to the unusual low <> as by objects. a Unusual some "observational" outside no indirect and our been Scuti 3 to observed be some test the stars now, to (HR the not be parameter (Chevalier, provide of showed or of other distinction the light masses and of magnitude to occur, and in composition caused in Population hot different. <> for with instability regarded on 4. the P small a for ones physical with variability reported seem stars the Scuti 5735, the do the rewarding. on the Section 1 and object, J0rgensen NASA Astrophysics Ap the on /P periodic Variables The determination the the between curves. AI border hand, distinguishing successively and detection 0 e.g. model. not no obtained extreme they ratio the whole a previous . the a stars residual to by are possible period instability A 3 photometric parameters. stars Velorum Comparing period uncertainty Q, mean signs way 1971) in Ap fit as properties y pulsation. from Kumsishvili, ratio be (5.2) matter different to the strip. conclude II-III) I. Boo luminosity, the at determination At of made with certain. into nature. (1972) So subject star other the form be to of constant. A 2 is (see observational of the for pulsations care by P computed trigonometric to other of ratio sections. that, (HR Old variability variable 1 observed the the variability. argue possible, reported due /P variables and by of strip. 0.29 say V Bessel by <> different conclude Section separate fundamental classes than 0 of Scuti That that is measurements the the of can 5435, variability space are Petersen P it cannot times that y systematic to the 1 open. days effective seems CrB /P 1965). that selection On Breger mass, suspected (1967) It AI observed pulsation be the with could 0 stars variability, A 7 AI Data ratio of value (e.g. so short-period AI 5.4). of characteristics in is could classes. V that (HR (Miczaika, these groups Two the permit estimated and More masses variables. parallaxes Velorum el enormous difficult and that III) Velorum extremely the older as not Millis, Other is are temperature, scheme P exist stars (1969d) AI As other to System A 1 5849, A for stars well 1 even theoretical search effects. stars be J0rgensen /P is Q Q very indicate based variables. light value Velorum from we are the to 0 clusters situated are in cannot <> argued 1967a). values if to value, as in hotter obser make more hand, stars, Scuti have 1952; to stars sum stars have vari con first and real, also will un un use the the has in for on an In to as V) a a 1973A&A....23..221B widths periodic found The Baglin poor determine detected observed detected Up pulsation firmed photometric know 7. At difficulties concerning be pulsate. straightforward from light coupling A outerlayers explain tained by still observations. in observations. variation velocity amplitude resolution the magnitude, Specially amplitude. cycle, graphy scanners. effects the Still fluence licism. understanding by character to variables the Conclusion few reach an future. the more giants, to pulsational too relation difficulty observations and several observations being as extended © et a which the by of steps by The now, present the variability. schematic in associated al. an from But in by between of velocity European small the when the observations. simultaneous of the of or are and the old study of study whether arise: very Even of (1968) all the b exclusion However observed explained the to average involving rotation, have observations observational the Scuti between due calcium calcium It as kind In the period use not variables. line the is separate the of stage few property variable treatment most instability should abundance the profile curve the radiative that soon variable found enhanced pulsation been of of occurrence to subsurface to it understood velocity Later a broadening stars objects. of with its velocity observational set advanced the Southern and give properties could determination of of y one chromospheric and by sense, K the pulsation, stars needs Boo non be as spectroscopic variability One attempted large both the of But of our like emission in is very line theories. phase. electronic a of the transfer (Sareyan is should persued hydrogen K we facts spectra the of variation 1969,Le good quite not metallic-line anomalies are are by in the linear of they knowledge, able to more changes field effects rotation of line hydrodynamics. at high yet. get technical line the can be the of the hydrodynamics be have pulsation f the of phase not Observatory high representation provide rotation clear. and now understood are in emission in feature. distributed as Cepheids. Such case features is information into resolution They Contel through associated most et be effects f the of cameras lines. need smallness yet in and the this often activity. to connected of hydrodynamics. and lag resolution and al., of biaised to same of the We means a character more the be sufficient are atmosphere. important the a photometric direction between b from a But detect the et some simple and 1971) as They equivalent which clue Scuti and why rotational confirmed has very the probably al. They situation order certainly over perhaps possible or spectro velocity The metallic Recent with due by are details of (1970) dwarfs is metal of the of to cycle. been • Delta con with giant even stars they also such high and with and can and ob the the are the the the far the Provided to in to to of a is Scuti future. The the clarification a The these, paper stars some and class observations the tension atures in for almost References vestigated Acknowledgements. M. 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