Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass
CyanoNews
1987 CyanoNews (Vol. 3, No. 2, September 1987) Jeff lE hai Virginia Commonwealth University, [email protected]
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This Bulletin is brought to you for free and open access by VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in CyanoNews by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ___._ -- -===- = = --== 1, =-~- - ~ ~ == - --= =-- = !!;;;!!! --ii 5;; = -- - -i - ==~ - ..-=-=- = = -= = = -=_=-= = -ii -=-=- ~ -- -= = = = !!= =-=-= = -= ~=J =====-== VolUTe 3 tbrber 2 Septarber 1987 CYNmEWS is intended to provide cyanobacteriologists with a forun for rapid infonnal camunication, un available through journals. Everything you read in this net1Sletter is contriooted by readers like yourself. If you have a new result, if you kna..l of an interesting nEeting, if you have a post-doctoral opening, if you want strains, if you've published/subnitted an article, if you have an insight or speculation into the cyanobacterial \\Orld ... wiy not tell us about it? It's net1S to us. Please send all contriootions to one of the addresses listed on the last page. DEADLINE for the next issue is DECEM3ER 1, 1987. The nare of the COORESFUOENT for each itE!TI in this net1Sletter is capitalized, so you kncM W10 to write to for rmre infonnation. The crnRESFOOENT'S ~ appears at the end of the net1Sletter.
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\..Hl\T \QJLD YClJ 00 WilH TIUJSPN)S OF s,w_L CYJWJW:TERIAL BLcrns? GRE~Y PATTERSrn was awarded the National Cancer Institute project to discover novel antiturmr drugs fran cultured cyanobacteria. The goal of the project is to acquire several thousand sarples and to test extracts fran these sarples for selective toxicity to various human sl~-grot1ing turmr cell lines. The sarples will also be screened for anti-AIDS activity at the National Institutes of Health. Cbviously, this project will enomoosly expand the numer of identified cyanobacterial strains and pranises to be a major benefit to the cyanobacterial research camunity. Needless to say, Patterson \\OUld gladly receive axenic and/or unialgal cultures of cyanobacteria for mass culture.
1 MEETI~ETI~Efit-liS"fl[ETI~ETif'.6S*t,EETif'.6S*t,EETit-liS"fl[Efif'.6S*t,£ETI~ETI~ETI~ETIN
Ti slllTTEr nEetings devoted or partially devoted to cyanobacteria have already taken place by press tirre. ,Approximately ~ researchers gathered on the beautiful blue-green shores of Lake ~ndota at the University of Wisconsin June 8-10 to discuss the t-blecular Biology of Photosynthetic Prokaryotes. About one-fourth of the papers presented directly concerned cyanobacteria. Special thanks are due to Paul Lud den and his staff for putting together a \'tell-run and enjoyable nEeting. SalJ:?ntlat over a hundred cyanobacteriologists rret in St. Louis a nooth later (July 17-19) for the Second Workshop on the t-blecular Biology of Cyanobacteria. Graduate students, post-docs, and principle investigators alike presented their results in a series of sessions. In a single roan, unicellular cyanobacteriologists heard the \\OeS of their filarentous counterparts, and the nitrogen fixers reac quainted thanselves with the ITJYSteries of photosynthesis and the \\Ol1Clerful techniques being used to un ravel than. A special round of applause was given to the organizing cannittee of Lou Shennan, Himadri Pakrasi, and Terry Thiel and to the progran cannittee of lh1 Bryant and Arthur Grossman. A short business nEeting was held at the end of the progran, at Wlich tirre it was tentatively decided to reconvene July 29-Ptlgust 2, 1989 in Toronto, again overlapping with the nEeting of the Pflerican Society for Plant Physiology. Peter Wolk pointed out that it is not too early to start planning -- Eastern European cyanobacteriologists might be able to attend next tirre if they kn<1N far enough in advance. Finally, John Pierce wished to announce that he had a YID good tirre. Several participants reported on portions of these t\\O nEetings. Reports not found belo-1, concern ing recarbination, stress response, and miscellaneous topics, will be presented next issue of the ne.-JSletter.
A-IYCOOILISCJIES - ASSOO.. Y JW REClJLATI~ OF BIOSYNTHESIS
The techniques of rrodern trolecular biology, no-1 being applied to a variety of cyanobacterial species, are yielding interesting data regarding both the regulation of genes encoding phycobiliprotein carponents as \'tell as the biosynthesis and assarbly of this 1ight-harvesting carp lex. Genes encoding phycobil isare polypeptides have no-1 been isolated fran several species: Anacystis/Synechococcus, Aphanacapsa/Synechocystis, Nostoc, Fraeyella/Calothrix, Anabaena, and Pseudanabaena. Data presented at the St. Louis nEeting by rrerbers of several labs (lb, Bryant, Pclll Conley, Jim D.Jbbs, Arthur Grossman, Nicole Tandeau de Marsac, and Barbara Zelinskas) illustrated that many similarities exist bet\'teen gene regulation in cyanobacteria and other prokaryotes. The folloong theres arerged: ---Genes encoding phycobil isare carponents are clustered together on the genare and are often cotranscribed. There are often nultiple transcripts fran a given gene cluster. ---Hairpin structures resarbl ing prokaryotic rho-independent transcription tennination sequences are found at the 3'-ends of several transcripts encoding phycobiliproteins (and gas vacuole proteins). In many transcripts, regions with the potential to fonn secondary structure occur within and bet\'teen genes. These may be irrportant in detennining transcriptional attenuation, processing, stability. ---There is no definitive phycobil iprotein praroter sequence. In sare but not all organisms, phycobiliprotein genes are preceded by E.coli-like "-10" and "-35" sequences.
Nicole Tandeau de Marsac reported t\\O interesting spontaneous nutants of Calothrix/Fraeyella defi cient in phycocyanin (PC) and phycoerythrin (PE). They are apparently the result of insertion within a cryptic open reading frare, located 00\flstrean fran the constitutive phycocyanin gene cluster, of a sequence that has structural characteristics of prokaryotic transposable elarents. PE transcripts in the nutants are missing, but PC transcripts are present but not translated at wild-type levels, suggesting sare fonn of translational repression. Questions concerning phycobilisare assarbly and biosynthesis are being addressed in several labs by using techniques of gene inactivation and IN nutagenesis: ---A IN-generated nutant of Synechocystis 6701 that cannot assarble PC hexarers fran trirrers (and has decreased levels of PC and PE) was described by Lanont Anderson. It was found to have a single nucleotide substitution that converts a praline residue at the fifth position in the PC-o< subunit to leucine, suggesting that this residue may be irrportant for the assarbly of PC hexarers.
2 ---Vicki Stirewalt and Jian-1-l.ti Zhou characterized strains of Synechococcus 7002 in w,ich genes encod ing d-..-Pi' or the small core linker protein (fipcC) had been interrupted by antibiotic resistance markers. Strains lacking o<-Pi' 9rcJt1 very sl FIDTOSYSTEM II FmTEINS - STIU:lURE NO FLM:TI~ Several talks and posters at both nEetings focused on genetic approaches to elucidate the functions of the core proteins in Photosysten II: ---psbl\ (encoding DI): Jeff Gingrich described the nnlecular lesions in several new diuron- or atrazine-resistant nutants of Synechococcus 7002. There are three copies of psbl\, as in Synechococ cus R2. Jacqueline Vrba carpared the sequences of the four copies of psbl\ in Anabaena 7120. ---pstf> (encoding D2): Sue Golden and Jeff Gingrich cloned and seq.1enced the oo pstf> genes fran Synechococcus R2 and 7002 respectively. As in choloroplasts and Synechocystis 6003, one of the t\\O pstf> genes overlaps the single psi:£ gene. Wim Vennaas reported that site-specific nutation at either his-197 or his-214 resulted in the loss of PSI!. ---psbB and C (encoding CP47 and CP43): The disruption of either gene of Synechocystis 6003 led to the inactivation of PSII activity, as related by Wim Vennaas. He and Shelly Carpenter also described the construction of chirreric proteins carposed of regions of CP47 or CP43 fran spinach and 6003. . Sa1E of the chirreras W=re active, sooe not. ---Extrinsic 33kd protein: The gene for this protein (w,ich Lou Shennan's group has narred \\OxA) has been isolated fran Synechocyst is 6003 (described by Judy Phil brick) and fran Synechococcus R2 (described by K.J. Reddy). The nucleotide seqJences of both are relatively poorly conserved can pared to the higher plant gene -- less than 50'!., similarity. Synechocystis mutants lacking a func tional gene do not evolve oxygen. ---Non-directed mutagenesis: Valdis Dzelzkalns has sought nitrosoguanidine-induced mutants of Synechocystis 6003 that are defective in PSII activity. Three of the nutants W=re further charac terized and found to be unlinked. Cxie of then has been shcwl to be a deletion in pstf>. Judy Brusslan and Sue Golden both presented interesting results concerning the expression of the three psbl\ genes in Synechococcus R2. psbl\I (copy one) rressage is predani nant in wild-type ce11 s gr'Ot\fl without herbicide. The addition of diuron induces psbl\II and psbl\III 2-7 and 5-15 fold, respectively, without affecting psbl\I. Translation of psbl\III (as judged by a lacZ-translational fusion) is higher in a psbl\r background and also is increased by high light intensity. A carparison of PSII function and transcript levels suggests that there is posttranscriptional regulation of psbl\ gene expression. (contributed by Jeff Gingrich and Florence Gleason) FIDTOSYNTHETIC ELECTIU-4 "JRANS~T Talks and posters concerning proteins involved in photosynthetic electron transport attarpted to define the oryanization of genes, draw evolutionary relationships cmmgst similar proteins, or in sooe cases, find for a protein sooe physiological role. Dave Krognann and his collaborators have exploited hamgeneous, natural bloans of Microcystis aeruginosa to isolate and detennine the c1T1ino acid sequences 3 of cytochrooes c553 (a soluble electron carrier) and c550 (a protein of unknMl function). These sequences shew oo regions of harology and suggest that c550 evolved frcm a restructuring of fragTEnts of a c553 gene. The nucleotide sequence of c553 frcm Anacystis nidulans R2 (reported by Cathy t,t(h..ell) shews a 24 residue N-tenninal extension, Wlich might function as a transit sequence. Toivo Kallas described genes encoding the Nostoc PCC 7':1:FJ thylakoid lj5-f carplex. The genes for Rieske FeS protein (nuclear encoded in plants) and cytochrooe fare cotranscribed as are those for lj5 and subunit IV. A repetitive lNl\ sequence (>50 genanic copies), Wlich lies bet\\een the FeS and f genes and d The genes encoding ATP synthetase have been closely scrutinized by t\'.O groups: ---[m Bryant reported an arrangarent of ATP synthetase genes for the cyanellar lNl\ of Cyanophora paradoxa intennediate to that seen in cyanobacteria and plants. The atpD (delta) gene (nuclear in plants) is encoded by cyanellar lNl\, and the atpF (b) gene has no intrans as in cyanobacteria. Ha,,..ever, the atpC (gamna) gene is not close to atpA (alpha) -- rather, as in plants, it appears to be in the nucleus. ---Stephanie Curtis described the gene oryanization of these genes in Anabaena 7120. As with Anacystis, the genes are oryanized as t\'.O clusters: a small cluster encoding the beta and epsilon subunits and a larye cluster encoding subunits in the order a:c:b' :b:delta:alpha:gamna. Unlike Anacystis, Anabaena has overlapping genes for b and delta and does not have a ferridoxin gene d CYJ'WlW:TERIAL. CLCJH~ VECTCRS JlID lRJWSCRIPTICJW.. RERRTERS A fe,1 1abs are constructing net1 cyanobacteri a1 vectors or trying to understand o1 d ones. Steven Gende 1 described the use of transposon mutagenesi s to 1oca 1i ze the rep 1i cation functions of the sma 11 plasmid in Anacystis nidulans. Transposons inserted into the apparent replication region of a hybrid vector \\ere deleted during transfonnation of Anacystis, suggesting that both structural and sequence fea tures of this region are irrportant for funtion in Anacystis. John Cobley has developed a vector and gene transfer system for the chrcmatically adapting species Fraeyella diplosiphon. He has constructed a vec tor that can be transferred by conjugation frcm E. coli to Fraeyella, using part of an endogenous Fraeyella plasmid to provide replication functions. This hybrid vector encodes resistance to both chlor~icol and aninoglycosides (e.g. neaeycin). In Soo Bae, Betsy Read, and Bill Snyder are in the 4 process of constructing expression vectors for use in Synechococcus R2 and Synechocystis 6003. They make use of regulatable praroters -- fran a gene activated by iron deficiency and fran phage lcm:xla. Other labs have made specialized vectors to nooitor transcriptional activity. Jeff Elhai described efforts to use the luciferase gene as a reporter systE!ll in Anabaena. Preliminary results sh lNl\ REJ\RRAt{;EflENTS NEAA NITIU;EN-FIXATIOO GENES Nif gene rearrangarents was a hot topic at both rreetings. t1Jst of the discussion was aimed at un derstanding the oo lNl\ rearrangarents that take place late in heterocyst differentiation in Anabaena 7120 (Nature 314:419-423 [1985]; Nature 327:526-529 [1987]). Ole rearrangerent precisely deletes 11 Kb of lNl\, bounded by 11 bp direct repeats, fran within the nifD gene. The excision requires an excisase encoded by a gene (xis.A.) internal to the deleted fragrent (Cell 44:905-911 [1986]). Bill Buikena reported the over-expression of the xis.A. gene product in E. coli, achieved by raroving the 11 bp direct upstrec111 fran xis.A.. This \\Ork is a prelude to the developrent of an in vitro systE!ll to assay for ex cisase activity. Peter Lanrers and Casilda Provencio described their attE!11pt to mimic an xis.A. nutation in Anabaena, driving anti-sense mic(xisA) RNA from the glutamine synthetase gene promoters. lklfortunately, initial Southern hybridization experiments dE!llOnstrate that exconjugants containing the mic(xisA) construction have normal steady-state levels of the nifD rearrangerent. A second rearrangarent deletes 55 kb of lNl\ with one break point near the nifS gene and the other near rbc:L. Martin t1Jlligan gave evidence that a ferredoxin gene and nifB are brought close to nifS after the second rearrarangarent. These genes, as \'tell as an unidentified open reading frc111e, may be part of an operon (5'-nifB-Fd-nifS-OOF-3'), hcw:!ver, transcriptional start sites have yet to be assigned. Claudio Carrasco and Jim Golden reported a physical map of the 55 kb elerent. Interestingly, Anabaena 29413 lNl\ lacks horology to this elarent and its rbc:L is close to nifS (true in 7120 only after the rearrangerent). These results suggest that Anabaena 29413 does not have a harologue of the 55 kb elarent any.,.here in its~. The nitrogen-fixing, non-heterocystous cyanobacteriun PlectonE!lla boryanun also apparently experience a nif-1 inked rearrangerent under nitrogen-fixing conditions, as reported by Jarresina Srroker and Susan Barnun. They have excluded alternate interpretations such as changes in the state of methylation. lNl\ clones that may contain the rearranged nif region have recently been isolated and may hold the key to a definitive description of the phenaTEnon. A major unsolved question ranains: What selective advantage does the presence of mobile genetic elerents near or within nif genes confer on their hosts. Jack fvt!eks told of the isolation of t\\O rever tants of Nostoc Wl.C capable of aerobic nitrogen fixation. Ole revertant contained the nifD excision ele ment but the other did not. No phenotypic differences bet\'oeen the strains have been detected. Jack also looked for this elarent in sj1Tbiotic cyanobacteria. The major sj1Tbiont of Azolla does not contain the nifD excison but instead has a contiguous nifHl< operon. In contrast, Nostoc sp. 7001, gro,,.n free-living or in association with the bryophyte Anthoceros, has an interrupted nifHl< region, although the con tiguous operon can also be detected at a lew:r hybridization intensity. At least in one case, therefore, 5 the nitD excison is not req.iired for heterocyst develOjlll:!nt, just as the nits rearrangerent appears to be dispensable in Anabaena 29413. \.lly then do they persist? ere possible explanation is that the regula tion of excision events is so tightly coupled to differentiation of the non-dividing, terminally dif ferentiated heterocyst that excision events in dividing vegetative cells never occur. .Against this, ~ks reported that [NL\ fran Nostoc (W\C) cultures gr'(Ming on cmronia contains easily detectable but non stoichiaretric rearrangarent bands. IRspite the apparent "looping out" of the excison, the elarent has persisted through many years of laboratory culturing, suggesting sare selective pressure against loss of the excison. The possibility that the rearrangarents are reversible cannot be ruled out. (contributed by Peter Lamers) FUBLICATIO'&RJBLICATIO'&RJBLICATICJ.lS*RJBLICATIO'&RJBLICATIO'&RJBLICATIO'&RJBLICATIO'&FUBLICATICJ.lS*P GIIBBEI..AAR, N.; Huang, T. C.; Lin, H. Y.; Ch GlmBEI..AAR, N.; Hattingh, W.; Marshall, J. (1986). The occurrence of coralloid roots on the South African species of the Cycadales and their ability to fix nitrogen s)1Tbiotically. S. Afr. J. Bot. 52:467-471. MITSUI, A.; Cao, S.; Takahashi, A.; Arai, T. (1987). Grc7.'lth synchrony and cellular parareters of the unicellular nitrogen-fixinng marine cyanobacteriun, Synechococcus sp. strain Miami~ 043511 under con tinuous illunination. Physiol. Plantarun 69:1-8. Arai, T.; MITSUI, A. (1987). Cellular biochanical activities and induction of synchronous grc7.'lth in a unicellular aerobic nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteriun, Synechococcus sp. strain Miami~ 043511. In: Progress in Photosynthetic Research (J. Biggens, ed.), p649-652. JUTlNER, F.; Hans, R. (1986). The reducing capacities of cyanobacteria for aldehydes and ketones. ~pl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 25:52-54. Thana, W. J.; GLEA.srn, F. K. (1987). In vivo effects of photosynthesis inhibitors in Synechococcus as determined by 31P ttR spectroscopy. Biochan. May. SMITH, R. J.; 1-bbson, S.; Ellis, I. R. (1987). Evidence for calciun-rrediated regulation of heterocyst frequency and nitrogenase activity in Nostoc 6720. Ne.-1 Phytol. 105:531-541. Akinyanju, J.; SMITH, R. J. (1987). The accunulation of phosphorylated guanosine nucleotides in Anabaena cylindrica. Ne.-1 Phytol. 105:117-122. Grobbelaar, N.; Lin, H. Y.; H..W-li, T. C. (1987). Inductionofanitrogenaseactivityrhythnin Synechococcus and the protection of its nitrogenase against photosynthetic oxygen. Current Microbiol. fift press). t5" :2..'i-~3 . H..W-li, T. C.; Ch Jackson, A. R. B.; Runnegar, M. T.; FALCCJ.lER, I. R.; tt:Innes, A. (1985). Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) toxicity to livestock. In: Poisonous Plants, Queensland University Press. FALCCJ.lER, I. R.; Bradshaw, P.; Funnegar, M. T. C. (1985). Neurotoxic blue-green algae fran fresh water in the Ne.-1 England region and the M.Jrrunbidgee River. Proc. Aust. Biochan. Soc. 17:76. 6 Ha\-A Runnegar, M. T. C.; FALCffiER, I. R. (1986). Effect of toxin fran the cyanobacteriun Microcystis aeruginosa on ultrastructural rmrphology and actin pol)11Erization in isolated hepatocytes. Toxicon 24: 109-115. Runnegar, M. T. C.; FALCffiER, I. R.; Buckley, T.; Jackson, A. R. B. (1986). Lethal potency and tissue distribution of 125I-labelled toxic peptides fran the blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa. Toxicon 24:506-509. FALCffiER, I. R.; Buckley, T.; Runnegar, M. T. C. (1986). Biological half-life, organ distribution and excretion of 125I-labelled toxic peptide fran the blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 39:17-21. GIOOV, B. V.; Gavrilova, 0. V.; Kokovalov, E. S. (1986). The fine structure of cyanobacterial cells of the Cyanothece genus [Russ., Engl. abstract]. Mikrobiologia 55:821-824. Sarruelsson, G.; U'.'rflraRi, A.; Gustafsson, P.; O]uist, G. (19 ). The susceptibility of photosynthesis to photoinhibition and the capacity of recovery in high and lON light 9"Y'Olll cyanobacteria, Anacystis nidulans. Plant PHysiol. 83:438-441. SO-HEWER, U.; Groszel, U. (1987). Light intensity adaptation of cyanobacteria in turbidostat culture. Int. Botanical Congress, Berlin (West) Abstract 14. RAI, A. N.; Rao, V. V.; Singh, H. N. (1985). The biology of cyanobacterial akinetes. J. Plant Sci. Res. 1:1-20. Rot.ell, P.; RAI, A. N. ; Stewart, W. D. P. (1985). Studies on the nitrogen rretabolism of the lichens Pel tigera aphthosa and Peltigera canina.145-160. In: Lichen Physiology and Cell Biology, D. H. BY'Olll, ed.,. RAI, A. N.; Bergnan, B. (1986). t1Jdification of nitrate rretabol ism in heterocysts of the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteriun Anabaena 7120 (ATCC 27893). FEMS Microbiol. Letts. 36:133-137. RAI, A. N.; Lindblad, P.; Bergnan, B. (1986). Absence of the glutamine synthetase linked rrethylc1T1TD11iun (c111TOOiun) transport systan in the cyanobiont of Cycas-cyanobaccterial s}1Tbiosis. Planta 169:379-381. Hallbcm, L.; Bergnan, B.; RAI, A. N. (1986). lmrunogold localization of glutamine synthetase in the cyanobiont of the lichens Peltigera aphthosa and Peltigera canina. Lichen Physiol. Biochan. 1:27-34. RAI, A. N.; Singh, D. T.; Singh, H. N. (1986). Regulation of amronilJly"rrethylamroniun transport by c111- rrooiun in the cyanobacteriun Anabaena variabilis. Physiol. Plant. 68:320-322. Bergnan, B.; Lindblad, P.; RAI, A. N. (1986). Nitrogenase in free-1 iving and s}1Tbiotic cyanobacteria: im nunoelectron microscopic localization. FEMS Microbiol. Letts. 35:75-78. Perraju, B. T. V. V.; RAI, A. N.; Kunar, A. P.; Singh, H. N. (1986). Cycas circinalis-Anabaena cycadeae s}1Tbiosis: photosynthesis and the enz)11'Es of nitrogen and hydrogen rretabolism in s}1Tbiotic and cultured Anabaena cycadeae. S}1Tbiosis 1:239-250. 7 NrnESSES*.AlmESSES*NrnESSES*NrnESSES*NrnESSES*NrnESSES*NrnESSES*NrnESSES*NrnESSES*NrnESSES*NrnE AYAJ..A,Francisco Marine Culture Research Center, CICLM, Dept. of Microalgal Biotechnol., Casilla 1350, Antofagasta CHILE FALcrnER, I.R. Deparbrent of Biochanistry, Microbiology and Nutrition, University of Neil England, Annidale, N.S.W. 2351 AUSTRALIA GL~,Florence K. Freslltlater Biological Inst., University of Minnesota, P.O. Box lCXl, Navarre, Minnesota 55392 U.S.A. GfmBEI.PAR,Nathanael Deparbrent of Botany, Universiteit van Pretoria, Faculty of Mathanatics &Sci., CXX)2 Pretoria SOJTH AFRICA GIU1JV,Boris V. Biological Institute of Leningrad University, OranienbalJTlSkoye sch.2, Stary Peterhof, Leningrad 198904 USSR H..Wli, Tan-Chi Institute of Botony, Acadania Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.CHINA. JUTTNER,F. Inst. Chan. Pflanzenphysiol., Corrensstr. 41, D-74 TUbingen F.R.GERWN Lttf.Jm:RG,Anders MSU-OOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 U.S.A. MITSUI ,Aki ra Division of Biology and Living Resources, School of Marine and Aboos.Sci, University of Miani, 46CXl Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149 U.S.A. f'WO Send crnTRlllJTiat; to one of the addresses listed bel 8 DIRECTORY OF CYANOBACTERIOLOGISTS September 1987 Please send additions and corrections to: Jeff Elhai MSU -DOE Plant Research Laboratory Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824 U.S .A. Al-Layl, Khaled J. Department of Biological Sci. Toxicity of cyanobacteria The University Dundee DDl 4HN U.K. A11 en, J. F. Department of Plant Sciences Protein phosphorylation and Baines Wing excitation energy University of Leeds distribution Leeds ENGLAND LS2 9JT U.K. (Tel) 0532-431751 extn. 6580 Allen, Mary Mennes Dept. Biological Sciences Physiology, biochemistry Wellesley College Nitrogen metabolism Wellesley, MA 02181 U.S.A. Cell inclusions (Tel) 617-235-0320 Unicellular cyanobacteria Almon, Helmar Lehrstuhl fGr Physiologie Nitrogenase, Hydrogenase und Biochemie der Pflanzen Photosynthesis, Biosolar Universitat Konstanz, energy conversion, D-7750 Konstanz, GERMANY-FRG Storage compounds, (Tel) 07531-883669 Trace elements Anderson, Lamont Carnegie Inst. of Washington Phycobilisome structure, 290 Panama Street assembly, expression Stanford, CA 94305 U.S.A. (Tel) 415-325-1521 Andrews, T. John Dept. of Environmental Ribulose bisphosphate Biology carboxylase/oxygenase Research School of Biol. Sci. Inorganic carbon uptake Australian National University Carboxysomes P.O. Box 475 Biochemical genetics Canberra,A.C.T. 2601 AUSTRALIA Andriana, Pantazidou University of Athens Eudolithic cyanobacteria Biology Department Taxonomy Section: Ecology & Systematics Biochemistry GR-15784 Athens GREECE (Tel) 01-7243396 Apte, Shree Kumar Biology & Agriculture Div. Nitrogen fixation - Bhabha Atomic Research Centre physiology, genetics, Trombay, Bombay 400 085 INDIA biochemistry (Tel) 5514910 Ext. 2340 Ion transport Salt tolerance Avissar, Yael J. Div. Bio-Med Tetrapyrrole biosynthesis Brown University in cyanobacteria and Providence, RI 02912 U.S.A. eucaryotic microalgae (Tel) 401-863-3075 Ayala, Francisco Marine Culture Research Center Spirulina CI CUM Mass algal culture Dept. of Microalgal Biotechnol. Casilla 1350, Antofagasta CHILE (Tel) 083-251746 2 Balkwill, David L. Dept. of Biological Science Structure and function Florida State University Localization of intra 313 Conradi Bldg. cellular enzymes with Tallahassee, FL 32306 U.S.A. immunocytochemical probes (Tel) 904-644-5719 Barnum, Susan Miami University Nitrogen fixation Dept. of Botany DNA transfer Oxford, OH 45056 U.S.A. Fatty acid biosynthesis (Tel) 513-529-4254 Beale, Sam Brown University Pigment biosynthesis Division of Biology & Medicine Providence, RI 02912 U.S.A. (Tel) 401-863-3129 Bendall, Derek S. Dept. of Biochemistry Electron transport and University of Cambridge photophosphorylation Tennis Court Road Cambridge ENGLAND CB2 lQW U.K. (Tel) 0223-351781 Benemann, John R. School of Applied Biology Nitrogenase Georgia Institute of Technol. Mass culture Atlanta, GA 30332 U.S.A. Specialty products (Tel) 404-894-3735 Bergman, Birgitta Inst. of Physiological Botany Structure and function of Uppsala University free-living and symbiotic Box 540 nitrogen-fixing cyano S-751 21 Uppsala SWEDEN bacteri a (Tel) 46 - 18 - 18 28 16 Bhaya, Devaki Centre for Biotechnology Anoxygenic photosynthesis Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067 INDIA Binder, Andres Institute of Plant Biology Structure and function University of ZUrich of energy transducing Zoll i kerstr. 107 membranes CU-8008 ZUrich, SWITZERLAND (Tel) 01-47 32 74 Boger, Peter Lehrstuhl fUr Physiologie Respiration/photosynthesis und Biochemie der Pflanzen Nitrogen Fixation Universitat Konstanz Light-induced hydrogen D-7750 Konstanz, GERMANY-FRG evolution (Tel) 07531-882101 Bohme, Herbert Dept. of Molecular Genetics Nitrogen Fixation - and Ce 11 Biol ogy physiology, biochemistry, University of Chicago and molecular biology Chicago IL 60637 U.S.A. (Tel) 312-702-1081 3 Boni 11 a-Mangas, Dpto. Biologia General Mineral nutrition (B, Mo) Ildefonso Facultad de Ciencias Dinitrogen fixation Universidad Autonoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid SPAIN Borbely, George Biological Research Center Molecular biology Institut of Plant Physiology Heat shock and heavy metal P.O. Box 521 stresses Szeged H6701 HUNGARY (Tel) 62-23-022 Borner, Thomas Sektion Biologie Toxins Humboldt Universitat Plasmid function Invalidenstr. 43 DDR-1040 Berlin GERMANY-DOR (Tel) 2-2897633 Bothe, Hermann Botanical Institut Metabolism and genetics University of Cologne Gyrhofstr. 15 D-500 Koeln 41, GERMANY-FRG (Tel) 0221 470 2760 Boussiba, Samy Jacob Blaustein Institute Ammonia translocation for Desert Research Sede Boger Campus 84990 ISRAEL (Tel) 612-57-353333 Bowes, Jane M. Dept. of Biochemistry Photosynthesis Tennis Court Road Mechanisms in Photosystem I Cambridge ENGLAND CB2 lQW U.K. (Tel) 0223-351781 ext.241 Boyer, Greg State University of New York Trace metal uptake College of Env. Science Toxins and Forestry 223 Baker Laboratory Dept. of Chemistry Syracuse, NY 13210 U.S.A. (Tel) 315-470-6825 Brand, Jerry Department of Botany Regulation of photosynthetic University of Texas electron transport by Austin, Texas 78713 U.S.A. internal ion distribution (Tel) 512 -471-1589 Broedel Jr., Sheldon E. Department of Biological Sci. Global control of gene University of Maryland expression Baltimore County Catonsville, MD 21228 U.S.A. (Tel) 301 -455-3272 4 Brooks, William P. Dept. of Biological Sciences Toxicology University of Dundee Pharmacology Dundee DD Immunology SCOTLAND U.K. (Tel) 0382-23181 Ext. 4273 Buikema, Bill The University of Chicago Heterocyst differentiation Dept. of Mol.Genetics Nitrogen fixation and Cell Biology 920 E. 58th Street Chicago, IL 60637 U.S.A. (Tel) 312-962-1620 Bullerjahn, George S. Division of Biological Science Structure of PSI and PSII University of Missouri Genetics Tucker Hall Columbia, MO 65211 U.S.A. (Tel) 314-882-6371 Burger-Wiersma, Tineke Laboratorium v. Microbiologie Photosynthesis Universiteit v. Amsterdam Carbohydrate dynamics Nieuwe Achtergracht 127 1018 WS Amsterdam NETHERLANDS (Tel) 020-522-4070 (522-9111) Burnap, Rob University of Missouri Photosynthesis Dept. of Biological Sciences Gene expression Tucker hall Columbia, MO 65211 U.S.A. (Tel) 314-882-6371 Candau, Pedro Dept. Bioqufmica Nitrogen metabolism Fae. Biologfa Bioenergetics Univ. Sevilla Apdo. 1095 41080-Sevilla SPAIN (Tel) 617011 ext.11 Cannon, Robert E. Dept. of Biology Cyanophages LINC-Greensboro Pesticide effect on Greensboro, NC 27412 U.S.A. cyanophages and (Tel) 919-379-5888 cyanobacteria Carmichael, Wayne W. Dept. of Biological Sciences Cyanobacterial toxins: Wright State University isolation,characterization Dayton, Ohio 45435 U.S.A. regulation Carr, N.G. Dept. of Biological Science Gene-transfer into and University of Warwich out of cyanobacteria Coventry U.K. Carrasco, Claudio Department of Biology Genomic rearrangement Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 U.S.A. (Tel) 409-845-5968 5 Castenholz, Richard Biology Dept. Ecology/physiology University of Oregon Ecology of hot springs Eugene, OR 97403 U.S.A. Sulfide effect on (Tel) 503-686-4530 cyanobacteria Chaplin, Alan E. Dept. of Biochemistry Nitrogen Fixation University College of Swansea SA28PP U.K. (Tel) 0792 295375 Chauvat, Franck Service de Biochimie Cloning of photosynthetic Bat 142 C.E.N. Saclay genes from unicellular C.E.N. Saclay cyanobacteria 91191 Gif Sur Yvette Cedex Plasmid function FRANCE (Tel) 908-35-86 Chen, Pei-Chung Department of Botany Nitrogen fixation National Chung Hsing Hydrogen metabolism University Taichung, Taiwan R.O.CHINA Chen, T.W. Soils and Fertilizer Institute Nitrogen fixation by Chinese Academy of terrestrial cyanobacteria Agricultural Sciences Uptake of cyanobacteria by Peking P.R.CHINA plant protoplasts Chungjatupornehai, Wipa Plant Genetic System Labs Genetics and genetic J. Plateaustraat 22 engineering B-9000 Gent BELGIUM (Tel) 091-25.54.73 Ciferri, Orio Dept. of Genetics & Microbial. Biochemistry and Via S. Epifania molecular biology of 14 - 27100 Pavia ITALY Spirulina (Tel) 0382 31613 Cobley, J. Dept. of Chemistry Mechanism of chromatic University of San Francisco adaptation 2130 Fulton Street Fremyella diphosiphon San Francisco, CA 94117 U.S.A . (Tel) 415-666-6450 Codd, Geoffrey A. Dept. of Biol. Sciences Physiology and biochemistry Dundee University Carbon dioxide assimilation Dundee Carboxysomes SCOTLAND DDl 4HN U.K. Toxins (Tel) 0382 -23181 ext.4272 Coleman, John R. Dept. of Botany Regulation of gene University of Toronto expression Toronto, Ontario M5S lAl CANADA Inorganic carbon transport (Tel) 416-978-2339 6 Conley, Pamela B. Dept. of Plant Biology Phycobilisome poly Carnegie Inst. of Washington peptide genes from 290 Panama St. chromatically-adapting Stanford, DA 94305 U.S.A. cyanobacteria, (Tel) 512-325-1521 Cook, Catherine M. Botanical Institute Carbon uptake and metabolism University of Thessaloniki 540 06 Thessaloniki GREECE (Tel) Int'nat'l Exch +31 9914~~ Cox, Raymond P. Biokemisk Institut Nitrogen and hydrogen Odense Universitet metabolism Campusvej 55 Photosynthesis in 5230 Odense M DENMARK thermophilic cyanobacteria (Tel) 09-15 86 00 Ext. 2441 Cramer, William A. Dept. of Biological Sciences Cytochrome genes Lilly Hall of Life Sciences Molecular biology Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 U.S.A. Curtis, Stephanie Dept. of Genetics Photosynthesis genes Box 7614, NCSU Heterocyst differen Raleigh, NC 27695 U.S.A. tiation (Tel) 919-737-2294 Day, J. G. Cell Systems Ltd. Physiological, Unit 123 biotechnological, and Cambridge Science Park toxicological aspects of Milton Road micro-algae Cambridge U.K. Delaney, Steve Department of Biotechnology Genetics and molecular University of New South Wales biology of cyanobacteria P.O. Box 1 Kensington NSW2031 AUSTRALIA (Tel) 02-697-2056 Dietrich Jr., W.E. Biology Department Plasmids 114 Weyandt Hall Phormidium luridum Indiana University of Penn. Indiana, PA 15705 U.S.A. (Tel) 412-357-2352 Douglas, Susan Biochemistry Department Molecular evolution Dalhousie University Marine Cyanobacteria Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4H7 CANADA (Tel) 902-424-3569 Duerr, Eirik 0. The Oceanic Institute Large-scale algal culture Waimanalo, HI 96795 U.S.A. Nitrogen fixation (Tel) 808-259-7951 Culture physiology 7 Dzelzkalns, Valdis 16 Divinity Ave. Regulation of gene Harvard University expression Cambridge, MA 02138 U.S.A. (Tel) 617-495-4260 Eady, Robert AFRC Unit of Nitrogen Fixation Physiology and genetics of University of Sussex nitrogen fixation Brighton BNl 9RQ U.K. (Tel) 0273 678132 Elhai, Jeff MSU/DOE Plant Research Lab Genetics of heterocyst Michigan State University differentiation East Lansing, MI 48824 U.S .A. (Tel) 517-353-6641 England, Reg School of Applied Biology Photosynthesis Lancashire Polytechnic Heavy metal tolerance Corporation Street Molecular biology Preston,Lancashire PRl 2TQ U.K. Algal physiology (Tel) 0772 22141 Erickson, Jeanne Dept. of Biology Photosynthesis University of California PSI! reaction center Los Angeles, CA 90024 U.S.A. Thylakoid membrane biogenes Light regulation Eriksson, John Department of Biology Toxins - mechanisms of Abo Akademi action and structures Porthansg.3 SF-20500 Abo FINLAND (Tel) (358-21)-654526 Ernst, Anneliese Lehrstuhl fUr Physiologie Nitrogenase, hydrogenase und Biochemie der Pflanzen Photosynthesis, biosolar Universitat Konstanz energy conversion 0-7750 Konstanz GERMANY-FRG Storage compounds (Tel) 07531-882908 Trace elements Fa leaner, I. R. Department of Biolchemistry, Cyanobacterial toxicity Microbiology and Nutrition University of New England Armidale, N.S.W. 2351 AUSTRALIA (Tel) 067 73 2938 Fay, P. Department of Botany & Micro. Heterocyst and akinete University College London development Gower Street Acclimation to natural light London WC1E6BT U.K. climate (Tel) 01-387-7050 Felkner, Roland H. Miami University of Ohio Plasmid biology B5B Room 308 Oxford, OH 45056 U.S.A. (Tel) 513 -529 -4200 8 Fernandez-Valiente, Dpto. Biologia General Mineral nutrition Eduardo Facultad de Ciencias Nitrogen metabolism Universidad Autonoma Dinitrogen fixation de Madrid 28049 Madrid SPAIN (Tel) 7340100 Ext.1542 Feuillade, Station d'Hydrobiologie Ecology of Cyanophyceae, Jacques Bernard Lacustre, I.N.R.A. freshwater phytoplankton Institut de Limnologie Models for growth, F 74203 Thonon FRANCE metabolism, (Tel) 50-71 49 55 poste 32 Red Oscil l atori a Feuillade, Mauricette Station d'Hydrobiologie Metabolism of cyanophyceae, Lacustre, I.N.R.A. freshwater phytoplankton Institut de Limnologie Ecology F 74203 Thonon FRANCE Red Oscillatoria (Tel) 50-71 49 55 poste 33 Fogg, G. E. Marine Science Laboratories Planktonic cyanobacteria Menai Bridge, Anglesey, Gwynedd LL595EH U. K. (Tel) 0248-712 641 Foy, R.H. Freshwater Biological Physiological ecology of Investigation Unit planktonic cyanobacteria Greenmount Road Antrim BT41 4PX NORT~ERN IRELAND U.K. (Tel) 084 94 62660 Friedberg, Devorah The Hebrew University Gene expression The Institute of Life Sciences Plasmids, vectors Division of Microbial and Genes of the photosynthetic Molecular Ecology apparatus Givat Ram Jerusalem ISRAEL Froellich, John Miami University Fatty acid biosynthesis Dept. of Chemistry Oxford, OH 45056 U.S.A. (Tel) 513-523-3570 Ga 11 on, John Dept. of Biochemistry Nitrogen fixation University College Non-heterocystous cyano Swansea U.K. bacteri a (Tel) 0792-295376 Gebhardt, Joan Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst. Azolla-Anabaena symbiosis 346 MRC Troy, NY 12180 U.S.A. (Tel) 518-271-2703 Gendel, Steven Dept. of Genetics Plasmids Iowa State University Nitrogen fixation Ames, Iowa 50011 U.S.A. (Tel) 515-294-9357 9 Gibson, Jane Biochemistry Section Ion transport Wing hall Membrane function Cornell University Nitrogen-metabolism Ithaca, NY 14853 U.S.A. (Tel) 607-255-2432 Gingrich, Jeff University of California Photosynthesis Calvin Labs-Lawrence Berkeley Molecular biology Labs Berkeley, CA 94720 U.S.A. (Tel) 415-486-4311 Gleason, Florence K. Freshwater Biological Inst. Thioredoxin & glutaredoxin: University of Minnesoty role in cyanobacterial P.O. Box 100 metabolism Navarre, Minnesota 55392 U.S.A. Secondary metabolites: (Tel) 612-471-9070 isolation and characterization Golden, Jim Department of Biology Molecular biology of Texas A&M University heterocyst differentiation College Station, TX 77843 U.S.A. and nitrogen fixation (Tel) 409-845-5968 Gon~alves de Lima, Depto. Biologia Celular Physiology Vilneyde M.Q. Universidade de Brasilia Molecular Biology Campus - Brasilia D.F. BRAZIL (Tel) 061-2740022 R-2176 Green, Laura Carnegie Inst. of Washington Sulfur starvation of Dept. of Plant Biology Anacystis R2 290 Panama Street Stanford, CA 94305 U.S.A. (Tel) 415-325-1521 Grobbelaar, Nathanael Department of Botany Symbiotic association Universiteit van Pretoria with cycads Faculty of Mathematics & Sci. Nitrogen fixation by 0002 Pretoria SOUTH AFRICA unicellular cyanobacteria (Tel) 012-4209111 Gromov, Boris V. Biological Institute of Ultrastructure Leningrad University Biology of cyanobacteria Oranienbaumskoye sch.2 and cyanophages Stary Peterhof Leningrad 198904 USSR (Tel) 257-97-40 Grossman, Arthur Carnegie Institution of Phycobilisome biosynthesis Washington Regulation of phyco- 290 Panama St. bil i some genes Stanford, CA 94305 U.S.A. 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Departement de Botanique Taxonomy and ecology Universite de Liege Calcification in terrestrial Sart Tilman B22 habitats B-4000 LIEGE BELGIUM Ultrastructure and function (Tel) 41-565418 Development Hostos, Eugenio de Carnegie Institution Adaptation to sulfer Department of Plant Biology starvation in 290 Panama St. blue-greens and Stanford, CA 94305 U.S.A. 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(Tel) 513-529-2094 Jensen, Thomas E. Department of Biological Sci. Morphology Herbert H. Lehman College of Cell inclusions City University of New York Response to heavy metals Bedford Park Blvd. West Bronx, New York NY 10468 U.S.A. Joset, Francoise Departement de Biologie Physiology and genetics Universite de Luminy 13288 Marseille 9 FRANCE (Tel) 91-269000 Juttner, F. Inst. Chem. Pflanzenphysiol. Volatile compounds Corrensstr. 41 Secondary metabolites D-74 TGbingen GERMANY-FRG Chemotaxonomy Kaas, Hanne Marine Pollution Laboratory Salt marsh cyanobacteria National Agency of Environ- Taxonomy and ecology mental Protection J~gersborg Alle 1 B DK-2920 Charlottenlund Copenhagen DENMARK (Tel) 45 1 61 14 00 Kallas, Toivo Div. of Molecular Plant Biol. Physiology, cell diff'n Hilgard Hall, Univ. California molecular biology Berkeley, CA 94720 U.S.A. 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Section Biology Planctic blue-green algae at Humboldt University Nitrogen metabolism Department Ecology Toxins InvalidenstraBe 43 Bloom-formation Berlin 1040 GERMANY-DOR Resource use Komarek, Jiri' Institute of Botany CAS Cytology, fine structure Dept. of Hydrobotany Life cycles Dukelska 145 Taxonomy CS-37982 Trebon CZECHOSLOVAKIA Ecology (Tel) 2523 Krogmann, David W. Dept. of Biochemistry Photosynthesis Purdue University Structure of protein W. Lafayette, IN 47907 U.S.A. catalysts (Tel) 317-494-1641 Evolution Kromkamp, Jacco Lab. of Microbiology Buoyancy regulation University of Amsterdam Gas vesicle synthesis Nieuwe Achtergracht 127 Carbon metabolism 1018 WS Amsterdam NETHERLANDS (Tel) 020-522-4073 Krumbein, Wolfgang Geomicrobiology Division Physiological ecology Univ. of Oldenburg Nitrogen fixation P.O. 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The University Dundee DOI 4HN U.K. Lee, Clark University of Hawaii-Manoa Recombinants in filamentous Dept. Biochem-Biophys. cyanobacteria 1960 E.W. Rd. Honolulu, HI 96822 U.S.A. (Tel) 808-948-8482 Lemaux, Peggy G. Dept. of Plant Biology Photosynthesis Carnegie Inst. of Washington Nitrogen fixation Stanford, CA 94305 U.S.A. Genetics (Tel) 415-325-1521 Li, Shanghao Laboratory of Phycology Nitrogen fixation Institute of Hydrobiology Academia Sinica Wuhan, Hubei P.R.CHINA Lin, C.J. 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Life Sciences Molecular genetics of Scarborough College photosynthesis University of Toronto Scarborough, Ontario CANADA (Tel) 416-284 -3329 18 Renstrom, Eva Inst. of Physiological Botony Glycolate metabolism University of Uppsala Nitrogen metabolism Box 540 S-751 21 Uppsala SWEDEN (Tel) 46 - 18 - 18 28 22 Reynaud, P.A.S. R.& A. Plant-Soil, Inc. Ecology of nitrogen-fixing #24, Pasco-Kahlotus Road cyanobacteria Pasco, WA 99301 U.S.A. Azolla/Anabaena symbiosis (Tel) 509-545-6867 Richmond, Amos Micro-Algal Biotechnology Lab. Growth physiology Jacob Blaustein Inst. for Mass cultures for products Ben Gurion Univ. of the Negev of economic potential Sede Boker Campus, 84993 ISRAEL (Tel) 057-86066 Rolfe, Stephen Dept. of Biochemistry Photosynthesis Tennis Court Road Cambridge ENGLAND CB2 lQW U.K. (Tel) 0223-351781 ext.241 Schaefer, Michael Texas A&M University Regulation of photosynthesis Dept. Biochemistry gene expression College Station, TX 77843 U.S.A. (Tel) 409-845-5968 Scherer, Siegfried Lehrstuhl fUr Physiologie Photosynth./respiration und Biochemie der Pflanzen Oxidative phosphorylation Universitat Konstanz Cytochrome oxidase D-7750 Konstanz, GERMANY-FRG NAD(P)H-dehydrogenase (Tel) 07531-883669 Systematics Schiewer, Ulrich Sektion Biologie W.-Pieck- Continuous culture Universitat Adaptation WB Experimentelle Okologie Ammonia metabolism Freiligrathstr.7/8 Experimental field ecology Rostock/DDR 2500 GERMANY-DOR Schmetterer, Georg Institut fUr Physikalische Respiration Chemie Genetics Wahringerstrasse 42 A-1090 WIEN AUSTRIA (Tel) 43-222-343616 Schmidt, Ahlert Botanisches Institut Sulfur metabolism Universitat MUnchen Menzinger Str.67 8000 MUnchen 15 GERMANY-FRG Schouten, J.P. Hudsonstr. 68 Purification of enzymes, 1057 SN Amsterdam . NETHERLANDS e.g. phycobiliproteins, restriction enzymes. 19 Schrautemeier, Bernhard MSU/DOE Plant Research Lab Interaction of Michigan State University photosynthesis and East Lansing, MI 48824 U.S.A. nitrogen fixation (Tel) 517-353-6641 Carbon metabolism Serrano, A. Depto. de Bioquimica Photosynthetic electron Fae. de Biologia y C.S.I.C. transport Univ. de Sevilla Metabolism of nonprotein Apdo. 1095 41080-Sevilla SPAIN (Tel) 54-717011 ext. II Sherman, Louis University of Missouri Photosynthesis Division of Biological Sci. Membrane structure Tucker Hall Genetics and molecular Columbia, MO 65211 U.S.A. biology (Tel) 314-882-7727 Unicellular cyanobacteria Shi, Ding Ji Institute of Botony Azolla-Anabaena symbiosis Academia Sinica Energy metabolism in immobi Beijing P.R.CHINA lization of cyanobacteria Shinozaki, Kazuo Center for Gene Research Gene organization of Nagoya University photosynthetic apparatus Furo-cho, Chikusa Transformation Nagoya 464 JAPAN Endosymbiosis (Tel) 052-781-5111 ext.2495 Shively, J.M. Dept. Biol. Sci. Rubisco 338 Long Hall Carbon dioxide fixation, Clemson University regulation Clemson, S.C. 29634 U.S.A. Carboxysomes (Tel) 803-656-3595 Sidler, Walter Institut fUr Molecularbiologie Amino acid sequences of und Biophysik biliproteins and linker ETH-Honggerberg HPM polypeptides CH-8093 ZUrich SWITZERLAND Red algae and cryptomonads (Tel) 01-377 2482 Simon, Robert D. Department of Biology Genetics SUNY- Geneseo Development Geneseo, NY 14454 U.S.A. Cell inclusions (Tel) 716-245-5301 Singh, H.N. School of Life Sciences Nitrogen fixation University of Hyderabad Molecular genetics Hyderabad-500134 INDIA Ammonium transport (Tel) 39001;39002;39003;31654 Herbicide resistance Hydrogen production Singh, P.K. Laboratory of Blue-green Algae Nitrogen fixation Central Rice Research Inst. Physiology Cuttack-753 006, Orissa INDIA Ecology and biofertili (Tel) PBX 20020 Ext. 4 zation to rice crop 20 Skulberg, Olav M. Norwegian Institute for Taxonomy Water Research Toxins P.B . 333, Blindern, N-0314 Allelopathy Oslo 3 NORWAY Culture collection (Tel) Norway, 02 23 52 80 Antarctic bluegreens Smith, Arnold J. Department of Biochemistry Uptake and assimilation of University College of Wales exogenous substrates Aberystwyth Synthesis of tetrapyrroles Dyfed, Wales U.K. (Tel) 0970311 Smith, Geoffrey D. Dept. of Biochemistry Hydrogen and nitrogen Faculty of Science metabolism Australian Nat'l University Canberra, A.C.T. 2601 AUSTRALIA Smith, R.J. Dept. of Biological Sciences Heterocyst regulation University of Lancaster Cyanophage mol. genetics Bailrigg Calcium-mediated regulation Lancaster LAI 3JC U.K. (Tel) 0524-65201 Sotiropoulou, Georgia NRC Demokritos - Biology Photosynthesis Aghia Paraskevi Athens 15310 GREECE (Tel) 01-651-3111 ext.444 Stevens, Edward S. 101 S. Frear Metabolic regulation in Dept. of Molec. & Cell Biol. prokaryotes Pennsylvania State University Nitrogen metabolism University Park, PA 16802 U.S.A. Pigment biosynthesis (Tel) 814-865-1294 Photosynthesis Straus, Neil A. Dept. of Botany Regulation of gene University of Toronto expression for electron Toronto, Ontario M5S lAl CANADA transport proteins (Tel) 416-978-2086/5563 Replication origins in Anacystis nidulans R2 Sugiura, Masahiro Center for Gene Research Structure and expression Nagoya University rRNA, tRNA and ribosomal Furo-cho, Chikusa protein genes Nagoya 464 JAPAN (Tel) 052-781-5111 ext.2495 Sutton, Ann Dept. Bio 1ogy Regulation of genes of Brookhaven National Laboratory photosystem II in Upton, NY 11973 U.S.A. vegetative cells and (Tel) 516-282-3382 heterocysts of Anabaena Sybesma, Christiaan Vrije Universiteit Brussel Anoxygenic photosynthesis Biophysics Laboratory Pleinlaan 2 - 1050 Brussels BELGIUM (Tel) 02 -6413269 21 Szalay, Aladar A. Cornell University Homologous recombination Boyce Thompson Institute Heterologous gene Tower Rd. expression Ithaca, NY 14853 U.S.A. Site-directed alteration (Tel) 807-257-2030 ext.315 of polypeptides Tabita, F. Robert Dept. Microbiology & Center Nitrogen fixation and for Applied Microbiology metabolism University of Texas at Austin Carbon dioxide fixation Austin, TX 78712 U.S.A. (Tel) 512-471-3512 Tandeau de Marsac, Physiologie Microbienne Molecular organization, Nicole Institut Pasteur function of light 28 rue du Dr. Roux regulated genes 75724 Paris Cedex 15 FRANCE Plasmids and restriction (Tel) 567-46-98 endonucleases Taylor, Mary Dept. of Biochemistry Photosynthesis Tennis Court Road Cambridge ENGLAND CB2 lQW U.K. (Tel) 0223-351781 ext.241 Tel-Or, Elisha Agric. Botony Salt tolerance,adapt'ion Hebrew University Anabaena/Azolla Rehovot 76100 ISRAEL Heterotrophic metabolism (Tel) 08-481262 Peroxide removal Thiel, Teresa Biology Dept. Genetics University of Missouri Cyanophage St. Louis, MO 63121 U.S.A. Regulation of heterocyst (Tel) 314-553-6208 and akinete development Thomas, Jean-Claude Lab. des Biomembranes et Phycobiliproteins Surfaces Cell. Vegetales Phycobil i somes Ecole Normale Superieure 24 rue Lhomond 75 231 Paris Cedex 05 FRANCE (Tel) 329-12-25 poste 35-28 Thomas, Joseph Biology and Agriculture Div. Biochemical genetics Modular Labs Physiology Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Field application of Trombay, Bombay 400 085 INDIA cyanobacteria (Tel) 5514910 ext. 2340 Thomas, Sebastian K. Microalgae International Mass culture of Spirulina Div: Agriculture Res. Co. and nitrogen-fixers 69100 20th Ave. Biotechnology Desert Hot Springs Extraction of pigments from California 92240 U.S.A. algae (Tel) 619-251-1585 22 Thuriaux, Pierre Service de Biochimie Cloning of photosynthetic Bat 142 C.E.N. Saclay genes from unicellular C.E.N. Saclay cyanobacteria 91191 Gif Sur Yvette Cedex Plasmid function FRANCE (Tel) 908-35-86 Tiboni, Orsola Dept. of Genetics & Microbial. Biochemistry Via S. Epifania Molecular genetics 14 - 27100 Pavia ITALY Spirulina (Tel) 0382-31613 Tuli, Rakesh Biology and Agriculture Div. Genetics, physiology, Modular Labs. ecology Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Nitrogen fixation Trombay, Bombay 400 085 INDIA Utkil en, Hans National Inst. of Pub. Health Control of cell division by Geitemyrsveien 75 magnesium 0462 Oslo 4 NORWAY Extracellular products, control of synthesis Van der Oost, John Plantenfysiologie Hydrogen metabolism de Boelelaan 1087 Non-heterocystous 1081 HV Amsterdam NETHERLANDS cyanobacteria (Tel) 020-5485704 Vann, Carolyn Department of Biology Expression of photosynthesis Ball State University genes in Anacystis R2 Muncie, Indiana 47306 U.S.A. Vermaas, Wim Department of Botany Transformation Arizona State University Photosystem II Tempe Arizona 85287 U.S.A. (Tel) 602-965-3414 Vonshak, Avigad Jacob Blaustein Institute Algal physiology for Desert Research Environmental factors Sede Boqer Campus 84990 ISRAEL on algal growth (Tel) 057-35333 ext. 76 Osmotic stress and light intensity on Spirulina Walker, John E. Medical Research Council ATP Synthase Laboratory of Molecular Biol. Ferredoxin Hi 11 s Road Cambridge CB2 2QH U.K. Wallis, Jim University of California Bacteriology Department Davis, CA 95616 U.S.A. (Tel) 916-752-7769 Walsby, A.E. Dept. of Botany Gas vesicles University of Bristol Planktonic cyanobacteria Bristol Gliding movement ENGLAND BS8 lUG U.K. Heterocysts (Tel) 0272-303030 23 Webb, Robert University of Missouri Regulation of photosynthetic Division of Biological Sci. gene expression 312 Tucker Hall Stress responses Columbia, Missouri 65211 U.S.A. PCC 7942 (Tel) 314-882-6371 Weckesser, J. Institut fUr Biologie II/ Cell wall and envelope Mikrobiologie Sheath of cyanobacteria SchanzlestraBe 1 Toxins from cyanobacteria D-7800 Freiburg I. BR. GERMANY-FRG Weisbeek, Peter J. Dept. of Molecular Cell Biol. Genetics University of Utrecht Photosynthesis Padualaan 8 Transport 3584 CH Utrecht NETHERLANDS Regulation (Tel) 030-533184 Whitton, B.A. Dept. of Botany Nitrogen fixation, rice University of Durham Heavy metal accumulation Durham Biology of Rivulariaceae ENGLAND DHl 3LE U.K. Wickrema, Amittha Dept. of Chemistry Fatty acid biosynthesis Miami University genes Oxford, OH 45056 U.S.A. Widger, Bill University of Houston Electron transfer Dept. of Bio and Biophys. Sci. b-cytochrome function SR #1, 4800 Calhoun Road Houston, TX 77004 U.S.A. (Tel) 713-749-4396 Willen, Torbjorn Institute of Limnology Cyanophytes in fresh and P.O. Box 557 brackish waters S-751 22 Uppsala SWEDEN Toxin-producing cyanophytes (Tel) 018-10 80 49 Wi 11 i ams, John Experimental Stn./E402-2107 PSII modification DuPont de Nemours & Co. Genetics Wilmington, DE 19898 U.S.A. Cultivation (Tel) 302-772-3674 Wilmette, Annick Departement de Botanique Taxonomy Universite de Liege Sart Tilman B-4000 Liege BELGIUM Winder, Ben de Laboratorium voor Microbiologi Stabilization of sandy Nieuwe Achtergracht 127 surfaces 1018 WS Amsterdam NETHERLANDS (Tel) 020-522-4073 24 Wolf, Rick University of Maryland Gene expression Baltimore County Physiology Dept. of Biological Sciences Catonsville, MD 21228 U.S.A. (Tel) 301-455-2268 Wolk, C.P. MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab. Development, physiology, Michigan State University and genetics East Lansing, MI 48824 U.S.A. (Tel) 517-353-2049 Wood, Mi che 11 e Dept. of Biology Photosynthesis University of Chicago Marine Synechococcus spp. 920 E. 58 St. Chicago, IL 60637 U.S .A. (Tel) 312-702-1110 Wood, Nancy Dept. of Biology Cyanophages Roosevelt University Transformation and 430 S. Michigan Ave. transduction Chicago, IL 60605 U.S.A. Proteolysis (Tel) 312-341-3682 Amino acid utilization Wright, S.J.L. School of Biological Sciences Microbial lysis of University of Bath cyanobacteria Bath, Avon BA2 7AY U. K. Pesticide effects (Tel) 0225 61244 extn . 421 Wyman, Michael Dept . of Biological Sciences Marine cyanobacteria University of Warwick Phycobiliproteins Coventry CV4 7AL U.K. Photosynthesis (Tel) 0203-523523 Zevenboom, Wanda Laboratory of Microbiology Photosynthesis, pigments University of Amsterdam Ecophysiology, nutrient NW. Achtergracht 127 uptake 1018 WS Amsterdam NETHERLANDS Competition, succession (Tel) 0225 61244 extn. 421 Zilinskas, Barbara Rutgers University Photosynthetic electron Dept. Biochem & Microbial. transport (PSII) Cook College Phycobilisome structure, Lipman Hall function and assembly New Brunswick, NJ 08903 U.S.A. (Tel) 201-932-9563 Zimmerman, William J. Dept. of Agronomy and Soils Nitrogen fixation and Washington State University excretion Pullman, WA 99164 U.S.A. Heterocystous cyanobacteria (Tel) 509-335-3475 Azolla-Anabaena symbiosis Symbiotic cyanobacteria 25 PJ.JSTPAL.IA, ~IA, arx:i AFRICA PJ.JSTPAI..IA If'.OIA I.R. Falconer (Annidale) Shree Kunar J14:)te (Barbay) Geoffrey D. Smith (canberra) Joseph Thanas (Barbay) T. John Andrews (canberra) Rakesh Tu l i (Barbay) Steve Delaney (Kensington) P.K. Singh (Cuttack) JAP.AN H.N. Singh (Hyderabad) Katsura Izui (KYoto) P.B. Narx:ikar (Nagpur) Hirohiko Katsuki (KY<>to) Devaki Bhaya (Net/ Delhi) Kazoo Shinozaki (Nagoya) Pmar N. Rai (Shillong) Masahiro Sugiura (Nagoya) ISAAEL Norio M..trata (Okazaki) Devorah Friedberg (Jerusalan) Kaori Cllki (Okazaki) Aaron Kaplan (Jerusa l an) Teruo O]awa (Wako-shi) Etana Padan (Jerusalan) Shuzo Kunazawa (Shimizu) El i sha Te 1-0r ( Rehovot) P.R.OHr.u\ Salb' Boussiba (Sede Boqer) Ding Ji Shi (Beijing) Ams RiclTrond (Sede Boqer) T.W. Chen (Beijing) Avigad Vonshak (Sede Boqer) Shanghao Li (\tlhan) SOOTH AFRICA R.O.OUril\ Nathanael Groti)elaar (Pretoria) Tan-Chi Huang (Nankang) Pei-Chung Chen (Taichung) C.J. Lin (Taichung) U.S.S.R. lrn-E.Grn,w.f{ Boris V. Grarov (Leningrad) Thanas Borner (Berlin) FINI...AID J.-G. Kohl (Berlin) John Eriksson (.Abo) Ulrich Schiew:!r (Rostock) SWEDEN FRG-W.Grn,w.f{ Torbjorn Willen (Uppsala) Heinz D. OsietJacz (Bochun) Lars Hallban (Uppsala) J. Weckesser (Freiburg) Peter Lindblad (Uppsala) Hennann Bothe (K6ln) Eva Renstran (Uppsala) Anneliese Ernst (Konstanz) Annette Pettersson (Uppsala) Peter Boger (Konstanz) Birgitta Bergnan (Uppsala) Siegfried Scherer (Konstanz) f'mlJAY Helmar AlRDl'l (Konstanz) Gjert Knutsen (Bergen) H. Michel (Martinsried) Hans Utkil en (Oslo) Ahl ert Schmidt (t-linchen) Helga Naes (Oslo) \.k>lfgang Krunbein (Oldenburg) Olav M. Skulberg (Oslo) \.k>lfgang Lockau (Regensburg) D~ F. Juttner (Tubingen) ~ P. Cox (O:iense) PJ.JSTRIA Hanne Kaas (Copenhagen) Georg Schmetterer (Vienna) CZEO{)SLOVPKIA \.k>lfgang L6ffelhardt (Vienna) Jirf Kanarek (Trebon) SWITZERI...AID 1-fl'Gl\RY Walter Sidler (Zurich) George Borbely (Szeged) Andres Binder (Zurich) 26 l NETHERLAIDS U.K. J.P. Schouten (J'rnsterdclTI) Arnold J. Smith (Aberyst\'()'th) Ben de Wirder (J'rnsterdclTI) G.E. Fogg (Anglesey) John Van der Cx>st (J'rnsterdclll) R.H. Foy (Antrim) Tineke Burger-Wiersma (J'rnsterdclll) S.J.L. Wright (Bath) Jacco l SOJTH, CENTRAL, ~ JV.ERICA BRAZIL C'..AWO'\ Vilneyde M.Q. ~alves de Lima (Brasilia) Susan lhJglas (Halifax) CHILE A.G. Miller (Kingston) Francisco J\yala (Antofagasta) Reginald Lau (Kingston) t-EXICO Michael E. Reith (Scarborough) Wilhelm HanslJJrg (Cuernavaca) Dave Laudenbach (Toronto) John R. ColEJJJan (Toronto) Neil A. Straus (Toronto) George Ckittrim (Toronto) 27 U.S.A. (West) U.S.A. (East) Bill Widger (U.Houston) Valdis Dzelzkalns (Harvard U.) Jim Goll:len (Texas A8M) Sabeeha M:!rchant (Harvard U. ) Claudio Carrasco (Texas A8M) Mary M:!nnes A11 en (We 11 es l ey Co 11. ) Michael Schaefer (Texas A8M) Yael J. Avissar (BrcA-11 U.) F. Robert Tabita (Ju.lstin,Texas) Scl11 Beale (BrcA-11 U. ) Jerry Brand (Ju.lstin,Texas) Judy Phil brick (Rutgers U.) Wim Vennaas (Arizona St.U.) Barbara Zilinskas (Rutgers U.) Bob~ (U.Arizona) lhanas E. Jensen (New York City,NY) Peter Lc1T1rers (New ~ico St.U.) Ann Sutton (Brookhaven, NY) Jeanne Erickson (Los kgel es, Cal if.) Joan Gebhardt (Rensselaer Polytech.) Sebastian K. lhanas (Microalgae Int'l,Calif.) Greg Boyer (Syracuse,NY) J. Cobley (U.San Francisco) Robert D. Simon (Geneseo,NY) Larmnt Anderson (Stanford U.) Jane Gibson (Cornell U.) Peggy G. Lenaux (Stanford U.) Aladar A. Szalay (Cornell U.) Arthur Grossman (Stanford U.) W.E. Dietrich Jr. (Indiana U.,Penn.) Eugenio de 1-bstos (Stanford U.) Eddclrd S. Stevens (Penn.St.U.) Laura Green (Stanford U.) Wil fredo Hernandez-t-ltn i z (Penn . St. U. ) Parela B. Conley (Stanford U.) John Willic111S (DJPont,Deleware) Eric t-ltller (Berkeley,Calif.) Sheldon E. Broedel Jr. (Baltinnre,Maryland) Toivo Kallas (Berkeley,Calif.) Rick Wolf (Baltinnre,Maryland) Jeff Gingrich (Berkeley,Calif.) Karin Jager (Virginia Polytech.) Lester Packer (Berkeley,Calif.) Malcolm Potts (Virginia Polytech.) Jim Wallis (Davis,Calif.) Robert E. Cannon (Greensboro,North Carolina) Jack Meeks (Davis,Calif.) Stephanie Curtis (North Carolina St.U.) Richard Castenholz (U.Oregon) Hans Paerl (1'1>rehead City,North Carolina) Eugene Nester (U.Washington) J.M. Shively (Clenson U.) Bruce tt:Fadden (Washington St.U.) John R. Benenann (Georgia Inst.Tech.) Willic111 J. ZilTITEnnan (Washington St.U.) David L. Balkwill (Florida St.U.) P.A.S. Reynaud (R&A Plant-Soil,Wash.) Hisato lkarnto (U.Mic111i) Blaine M:!tting (R&A Plant-Soil,Wash.) Akira Mitsui (U.Mic111i) Eirik 0. DJerr (Oceanic Inst. ,Hatlaii) Gregory Patterson (U.Hatlaii) Clark Lee (U.Hatlaii) U.S.A. (Miew?st) Roland H. Felkner (Mic111i U.,Cllio) Steven Gendel (1<1t'la St.U.) Jan Jc?t.Orski (Mic111i U. ,Cllio) Florence K. Gleason (Navarre,Minn.) Susan Barnum (Mic111i U.,Cllio) Nancy Wood (Roosevelt U.) John Froellich (Mic111i U.,Cllio) Herbert Boore (U.Chicago) J'fflittha Wickrana (Mic111i U. ,Cllio) Michelle Wood (U.Chicago) Gerald A. Peters (Yell 28