GCSE Level FACT FILE Leisure and Tourism Unit 1: Introduction to Leisure and Tourism - Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry Unit 1:Components oftheLeisure and Tourism Industry Students ableto: shouldbe a widerange ofdifferenttypes oforganisations. consists of understand that theleisure andtourism industry The specification requiresknow and that students should T • • • • • • • our leisure time. that allow usto and activities enjoyproducts, services he leisure and tourism industry provideshe leisure thefacilities, andtourism industry other for customers. Understand that dependoneach bothindustries andtransportation. attractions for example accommodation andcatering, Understand thelinksbetween leisure andtourism, provided: andfacilities Discuss therange ofproducts, services swimming andpicnicking. a leisure andtourism facility, e.g. playing squash, thisrefersActivities: to what avisitor candoat footwear whenten-pin bowling. and tourism organisation, for example thehire of thatother thanproducts may besoldby aleisure thisisageneral term forServices: everything can ofdrink. person pays for andcantakeaway, for example a isaphysical aproduct Products: thingthat a halls. rooms sports andmulti-purpose available, e.g. football pitches, conference/ meeting Facilities: thisrefers to thephysical amenities - Transportation. - - Accommodation; - - - - - Catering; - Course Content Specification ContentSpecification Tourism organisations; and leisure; Home-based Cultural attractions; Visitor attractions; andphysical recreation;Sport andentertainment; Arts Arts andEntertainment Arts to asthecomponents oftheleisure andtourism industry. and airlines. They canbeputinto groups whichare referred and tourism industry, ranging from theatres to travel agents There are amany different organisations withintheleisure tofrom balletto popconcerts opera. covers ofentertainment awiderangeindustry oftypes hallsandvenues.and concert andentertainment The arts includescinemas, nightclubs,tourism industry theatres component andentertainment oftheleisure and The arts facilities, products, services and activities available.facilities, andactivities products, services and your classmates might have to explore the andanythe Internet first-hand experience that you Your localleisure centre willhave itsown website. Use provided by the multiplex? areWhat facilities, and activities products, services the film. of customer, orcustomers, are likelyto goalongto see type List allthefilmsbeingshown andsuggest which showing at your nearest multiplex (oromniplex) cinema. Use oralocalnewspaper theInternet to findoutwhat is night screenings. a widechoice offilmsandtimesfrom matinees to late thiswaya complex. In thecinemaoffers thecustomer is quite smallandthere may beasmany as20screens in have become popular. Eachcinemawithinthecomplex complexes, sometimescalled ‘multiplex’ or ‘omniplex’ to ensure that there issomethingfor everyone. Cinema plan carefully thefilmsthat theyscreen at any onetime meet theneedsofdifferent customers. Cinemas will customers byto offering ofentertainment a variety Cinemas andtheatres aimto awiderange attract of Learning Activities Learning Activities 1 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry centre.co.uk. about theJorvik CentreViking goto www.jorvik-viking- timecapsules. Toseated instate-of-the-art findoutmore 1984. Visitors travel around the ofJorvik city Viking-age has welcomed over 17millionvisitors since itopenedin York created by the York Archaeological Trust. The centre Jorvik CentreViking isamuseumandvisitor in attraction go to www.nrm.org.uk. 2001. To findoutmoreRailway abouttheNationalMuseum wonMuseum theEuropean ofthe Museum Year award in built bullettrain outsideJapan. The National Railway of railway intheworld includingtheonlyJapanese objects society.British The museumhousesthelargest collection on anditsimpact inBritain ofrail transport tells thestory The National openedin Railway Museum York in1975and museum goto www.sciencemuseum.org.uk. visitors eachyear. To find out moreScience aboutthe of London’s 2.7million majorvisitor attracting attractions Kensington, was London. founded It in1857andisone The islocated ScienceMuseum inSouth onExhibitionRoad science. on aspecifictheme, suchastheenvironment, or transport use namessuchas ‘Experience’. Many museumsare based they feel ithasanold-fashionedimage. theyoften Instead museumshaveSome dropped theword ‘museum’ because aimedatmuseums andgalleries different customers. their exhibits ‘alive’. There isnow awide range ofdifferent venues usingthelatest interactive technology to bring generation are ofmuseumsandgalleries state oftheart exhibits inglasscabinets.with dusty However, thenew Museums andgallerieswere associated often inthepast evening shows. withmatineepantomime period and theChristmas during well establishedactors. Many known, theatres stagea ofplays,productions musicalsanddramas starring often Theatres stageamateur often aswell productions astouring to appealtoentertainment differenttypes ofcustomer. Theatres willalsoprovide differenttypes oflive Titanic Belfast

Source MMcMullan Belfast’s newest visitor attractions. Log onto www.titanicbelfast.com andexplore oneof March 2012andreceived 665000visitors initsfirst year. Belfast’s newest museumis Titanic whichopenedin Belfast, Hard Cafe Rock sellmerchandising often includingclothing. However, famous international restaurant chainssuchas offered, e.g. customers would go to Pizza Hut for justameal. mostcases,In catering being isthemainoronlyproduct such as TGI Friday’s,Ramsden’s. KFC,Caffé Nero andHarry isdominated by largecatering industry restaurant chains While there are many independent catering outlets, the Nations Championshipin Rugby. events suchastheFIFAmajor sporting World Cup ortheSix Many pubsprovide large screen televisions andadvertise play areas; somehave dedicated areas for familydining. so many target familiesby providing children’s menusand have alsobecome more aware and ofthefamilymarket insuch asquiznights.that Pubs customers cantakepart offer suchasliveoften entertainment musicorevents boards andpooltables.games machines, Pubs dart pub’ to majorchainssuchas Weatherspoons. Many have Public housesor ‘pubs’, range from thetraditional ‘village • • • • tourism industry. Catering outletsinclude: Catering isthebiggestcomponent oftheleisure and aways are allnow popular. Nepaleseand Mexican, Vietnamese restaurants and/ortake- food outletshasincreased, e.g. Indian, Chinese, Italian, Thai, since the1950s. We are eating outmore andtherange of As anation oureating habitshave changedconsiderably Catering • • • • Take-aways. Cafes; and Restaurants; Public housesandbars; components oftheleisure andtourism industry. the linksbetween Titanic andother Belfast Titanic isamajorvisitor discuss Belfast attraction, Ireland? Northern hopesto visitorsBelfast attract from outside What evidence isthere to suggestthat Titanic isfamily-friendly? Belfast What evidence isthere to suggestthat Titanic provided by Titanic Belfast? areWhat facilities, andactivities products, services Learning Activities 2 Pubs, restaurants and take-away restaurants are a major part of many people’s leisure time and have therefore become very competitive. They all try to identify the needs of specific customers and provide products and services that meet these needs.

Learning Activities

List all the catering outlets in your area and sort them into: • Pubs and bars • Restaurants • Cafes • Take-away restaurants.

Which type of catering outlet is most popular in your area? Why do you this is the case?

Source MMcMullan Source Which type (or types) of customer does each outlet Planet Hollywood restaurant in Honolulu, Hawai’i. aim to attract? How do they target the customer type/s? Catering services are also an important part of many leisure and tourism organisations. Visitors to a visitor or cultural attraction such as a stately home or museum will expect to Sports and Physical Recreation be able to buy food and beverages during their visit. This Sport refers to all forms of physical activity which, through means that a coffee shop or cafe is now a popular feature casual or organised participation, aim at improving physical of leisure organisations ranging from garden centres to fitness and mental well-being, forming social relationships, castles. or obtaining results in competition at all levels. Many tourists will travel to a particular destination because Take-away food outlets can be found throughout the they want to visit a sporting venue such as Old Trafford; UK. The range includes fish and chip shops, burger bars, thousands of people travel to London each summer to Chinese, Indian, Italian take-aways and kebab shops. The watch tennis at Wimbledon. first fish and chip shop is thought to have opened in the UK at Yeadon in 1819. Ethnic take-aways such as Chinese take- People are becoming more aware of the health benefits aways began to appear in the 1950s. McDonalds opened of taking exercise and are increasingly realising that they its first UK outlet in 1974 at Woolwich in London. Since the do not need to be expert at a particular sporting activity. 1990s there has been rapid expansion of ethnic take-aways Therefore the number of people taking up cycling or including Mexican and Nepalese. running has increased considerably. Sport and recreation also has a social side, many people enjoy being part of a Many take-aways now offer a home delivery service. team or meeting other people perhaps in the club bar after Customers can ring in their order and have it delivered to a game. their door ready to serve. Many also offer meal deals giving customers the opportunity to buy a selection of starters and Did you know? main courses with accompaniments for 2 or 4 people; this Around 15.5 million people in is a popular choice for families or for a group of friends who England aged 16 or over play want to share a meal at home without someone having to sport at least once a week cook. Sports venues are also part of Sport and Physical A recent development has been the use of technology Recreation component; they include a variety of venues such as apps and the internet to make ordering take-away from local football and rugby clubs to national stadiums food even easier. Websites such as niftynosh.com allow such as Wembley. Clearly the type of sport that takes place customers to find restaurants in their area, view menus, at each sports venue will appeal to those people who are select and order food, confirm the order and pay online. interested in the sport. Some venues may stage a variety of

Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry Tourism and of the Leisure Components The order may then be collected or delivered. sports to appeal to a wider audience. 3 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry Parks inScotland includingLoch Lomond and3National Parks 2National inEngland includingtheLakeDistrict, There are 15 National Parks there are 10 National intheUK; • • Parks andAccess to (1949)to: Act theCountryside protected by law. They were establishedby theNational National Parks areas are whichare nationally important Ireland.and theFermanagh LakelandinNorthern IrelandandlakessuchasKielder WaterNorthern inEngland in Mountains inScotlandandtheMourne the Cairngorms Forest Ireland;mountain areas Park suchas inNorthern forests suchastheNewForest inEnglandand Tollymore UK hasmany areas including ofbeautifulcountryside islikelyto develop asatourist destination.scenery The Any area countryside that hasanattractive landscapeand • • • recreationrange ofcountryside including: that takesplace inthecountryside. There wide isavery Countryside recreation refers to any recreational activity • • • • • number ofpeoplewhowant to watch live games. needlarge stadiumsto accommodatesports thelarge ofaleisure centre.and may bepart The mostpopular venuesLocal are usuallyprovided sports by localcouncils (capacity 30,000). St Andrew’s Park, Football thehomeground forBirminghamCity Club and enjoyment ofthespecialqualities parks. forpromote thepublic understanding opportunities and cultural oftheparks; heritage andenhance thenaturalconserve beauty, wildlife and ballooning. whichtakeplace intheairsuchashot activities and whichtakeplace onwateractivities suchascanoeing; whichtakeplace onlandsuchashillwalking; activities Stadium: rugby andfootball.Millennium Lord’s Ground: Cricket and cricket; Wimbledon: tennis; Twickenham: rugby; Wembley Stadium: football;

Source Steve Royle information seewww.bangoraurora.com. crèche, rooms andacafeteria. two function For more suitablefor achildren’s play facility and themedsoft parties, The complex also hasachildren’s adventure soft play area • • • • • • • including: andleisure activities sporting complex hasawiderange offacilitiesoffering achoice of £38million andislocated at Valentine’s Playing Fields. The the BangorAurora Aquatic andLeisure Complex whichcost Irelandis One ofthenewest leisure facilitiesinNorthern to meettheneedsofawide range ofpeople.and services clubs. Leisure centres offer ofproducts typically a variety A widerange ofpeoplevisitleisure centres andhealth • • • • • • areasCountryside may alsobe: Ireland.National Parks inNorthern Parks in Wales includingSnowdonia. Currently there are no Sussex. the famouswhite chalkcliffsBeachy of Headin The firstHeritage Coast to bedesignateded was Coasts. as32Heritage coastline isconserved oftheEnglish percent (1,057km) Thirty-three youDid know? training. Outdoor floodlitsynthetic grass pitch for matches and Two and squashcourts; hallwitheight courts; Sports Fitness Suite; Health Suite; Swimming pools; Leisure waters withflumesandsidewinderslider; Ireland. an AreaInterest ofSpecialScientific (ASSI) inNorthern North Yorkshire Moors. Binevenagh isanexample of InterestSites ofSpecial Scientific (SSSI)suchasthe Meadows; inCoNational Nature Down andLagan Reserve National andLocal suchasMurlough Nature Reserves Forest Parks suchasGlenariff Forest Park; designatedLough Nature Marine in1995; Reserve suchastheStrangford andNatureMarine Reserves Coast; CoastsHeritage Devon suchastheSouth Heritage the Causeway Coast; Areas (AONB) Natural ofOutstanding Beauty suchas Did youDid know? improve accessibility for visitors. natural and, beauty where appropriate, to which are their managedto conserve most beautiful, undeveloped coastline, CoastsHeritage are stretches ofour 4 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry • • • • • • • • • whichinclude: intheUK, attractions isestimated that thereIt are more than6000visitor attractions. Visitor canbeeithernatural attractions orbuilt attractions • • • • • • • features ofavisitor are: attraction whatdefine clearly we mean by avisitor attraction. The key in theirlocalarea andnationally. However, itisusefulto peoplecannameseveralMost visitor both attractions Visitor attractions Wadi Rum, Jordan. Anatural visitor attraction. Theme suchasAlton parks Towers. Leisure suchastheBasingstoke parks Leisure Park; Visitor centres suchasGiant’s Causeway Visitor Centre; railway; Railway andtheEmbsay andBolton Abbey Steam Steam railways suchastheDownpatrick and Co Down Farms suchasStreamvale OpenFarm; Park; such asCarnfunnock Country parks Country Park; Wildlife sites suchasCastle Espie Wetlands and Wildlife Gardens suchasKewGardens; suchas galleries Art Tate Modern; tourists, aswell aslocalresidents. day shouldbecapableofattracting visitors or It largevisitors groups. to bookinadvance particularly Increasingly majorvisitor are attractions encouraging for booking, prior eachyear. publishedperiods The mustbeopento attraction thepublic, without venue andisnotavisitor attraction; sporting Old Trafford whichoffers a guidedprimarily toursis performances. Therefore stadiumsuchas asports isalsonotavenue for theatrical,It sporting, orfilm and souvenirs; includeasmallshopsellingguidebooks attractions aretail isnotprimarily outlet;however,It mostvisitor public access for interest entertainment, oreducation; The ofthe visitor isto mainpurpose attraction allow isapermanently established It ‘excursion’ destination;

Source MMcMullan customers will expect more services andproducts. morecustomers willexpect services totries have andfastest the biggest, scariest ride. However, toolthe mainmarketing to visitors. attract Each themepark rides. knuckle’‘White are rides used by as often theme parks children may prefer picnicareas, azoo area, andchildren’s to the ‘white knuckle’ whereas rides afamilywith young expectations. Teenagers andyoung adultsmay beattracted Different customers willhave different needsand children andyoung adultsto familiesandolderadults. Theme appealto parks alarge numberofpeople from • • • • • • • • • • • • many people. The intheUKare: mainthemeparks meaningthatcities ormotorways theyare accessible to intheUKaretheme parks located nearto large towns and to stay for more thanoneday at theattraction. The main been thegrowth ofhotels at allowing themeparks tourists the mostpopularthemeparks. Arecent development has are willingto often travel aconsiderable distance to getto usuallyofferparks afullday’s andsopeople entertainment the entrance fee covers andattractions. alltherides Theme theme, e.g.based onaparticular ajungletheme. Normally zones. Within willbe eachzone andattractions therides parks’‘theme isdividedupinto becauseeachpark different Theme parks are really funfares. enormous They are called There isalsoaPremier Travel onsite. Inn includes: from thecentre ofBasingstoke. The leisure park The Basingstoke Leisure Park islocated aboutamile Case Study: Basingstoke Leisure Park • • • • • • • • Thorpe Park. Pleasureland; and Park;Oakwood Legoland; Lightwater Valley; Flamingo Land; Fantasy Island; Drayton Manor; Chessington World ofAdventures; Pleasure Beach; Blackpool Adventure World;American Alton Towers; McDonald’s andKFC including theSpruce Goose, LittleFrankies, There ofplaces to isavariety eat at thepark streets. of19thand20thcentury network museum bringing thecounty’s pastto life ina museumwhichisalivinghistory Milestone divingattraction sky The newindoorAirkix Ten-pin bowling alley A multiplescinemawithten screens bowls Indoor An ice rink Aquadome featuring flumesandleisure water 5 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry Thinkstock.com image. oftheUKisitsstrongattractions historical andheritage For bothoverseas anddomesticvisitors, oneofthemain Cultural Attractions • • • • • • Places ofhistorical interest include: The Tower ofLondon components oftheleisure andtourism industry. andother linksbetween thethemepark Outline the park. that are andactivities availableproducts, in services Find outasmuchyou canaboutthefacilities, this themeusedthroughout thepark? What isthethemethat isbasedonandhow thepark is thelocation ofthethemepark. Describe toInternet findthepark’s website. form atheme park thelistabove.Select Use the Cathedrals and churches suchas York Minster. Ruins suchasDunluce Castle inCo. Antrim; and suchasNelson’sMonuments Column; Battlefields suchas Scotland:Culloden in Stately homessuchasCastleward inCo. Down; Warwick Castle; Palaces Palace andcastlessuchasBuckingham and Learning Activities 296 visitors. 2012 with2,444 in England paid attraction most popular London was the The Towerof know? youDid

Thinkstock.com Durham CathedralDurham –AWorld HeritageSite. ownership. repair andpresentation ofover inpublic 400properties environment. isalsoresponsible for It themaintenance, ofEngland’sconcerning theconservation historic built advisestheUKgovernmentEnglish Heritage onallmatters Nelson’s Column inTrafalgar Square, London depicting Nelson’sdepicting four great victories. four bronze panels, castfrom captured French guns, each flagpole. The square pedestalisdecorated with Pall Mall, where hisshipsare represented onthetop of south, towards thePalace of Westminster andalong leaves castfrom cannons. British The statue faces Corinthian column decorated withbronze acanthus graniteof Nelsonstandsontop ofa46m(151ft) the Battle of Trafalgar in1805. statueThe 5.5m(18ft) to commemorate Admiral Horatio Nelson’s death at Nelson’s Column was builtbetween 1840and1843 Case Study: Nelson’s Column cultural heritage. architectural and/or important examples of are considered thator structures applied to buildings ‘monument’ isoften event. The term person orimportant commemorate a builttostructure is any of type A monument youDid know?

Thinkstock.com 6 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry • • • • The UKcurrently has20 World sites Heritage including: World sites Heritage are sites ofoutstanding globalvalue. Florence inCounty Fermanagh. Court inCounty Down and Stewart Ireland includingMount There are many National Trust inNorthern properties andtreasures. ofart collections which keepimportant The National Trust over houses looksafter 140country Giant’s Causeway World HeritageSite. • • • famous cultural attractions. Study thefollowing three photographs showing world Blaenavon Landscape. Industrial CathedralDurham andCastle; and Edinburgh OldandNew Towns; Giant’s Causeway andCauseway Coast; tourism industry. andothercomponentsattractions oftheleisure and thepossiblelinksbetween theseculturalOutline onthevisitor experience? impact a visitor orcultural canhave attraction anegative To what extent doyou agree of that thepopularity eachyear.the attraction the visitor islocated attraction andhow many visit Research eachcultural to attraction findoutwhere Learning Activities

Thinkstock.com The Great Wall • • • • • • • Gardening; • include: activities spent at home. Homebasedleisure A large amount ofourleisure timeis Home Leisure Based The Great ofKhufu Pyramid The Terra Cotta Army an e-Reader suchastheKindle. an e-Reader eitherabook(hardReading: orusing backorpaperback) and Playing computer games, e.g. PlayStation, Xbox and Wii; Listening to music, e.g. ontheradio oriPod; friends; Entertaining suchasneedlecraft; Crafts Do-it-yourself (DIY); DVD orBlu-ray; Watching television andfilmson

Source MMcMullan Did youDid know? television. haveBritain a households in 97% of

Source MMcMullan Source MMcMullan 7 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry videos to buyorrent. However, astheycompeted for an orXtravision.such asBlockbuster At first theyoffered only highstreet hadavideorental the 1990severy By shop Video rental shops have changedover thepast20years. shopsat visitor andgift attractions.supermarkets from awiderange ofoutletsincludinggarden centres, and bookshops. are Books now increasingly available that isprovided forbased activity through libraries clubs. hasalways Reading library beenapopularhome- books, access publicInternet and talking and children’s to includeDVDs, newspapers andmagazines, large print activity. Recently libraries have expanded theirservices isseenby many toGoing thelibrary peopleasaleisure • • • Bookshops; • • customers’ needsincluding: has meant that facilitieshave beencreated to satisfy leisureThe activities increase intherange ofhome-based time day ornight charge. at noextra available for of7days aperiod andcanbewatched at any suchastheBBC iplayer.use services programmes Most are to allow customers withsmart andinternet accessTVs to programme whenyou are out. Catch up hasexpanded TV to have avideoorDVDrecorder to record your favourite hour later. ‘Catch up TV’ meansthat you no longerneed channel whichrunsthesamescheduleofprogrammes one many satellite channels. Several channelsbroadcast a+1 in highdefinition colour on five terrestrial channelsand Now television programmes are available 24hoursaday channels, BBC1andITV, that broadcast intheevening only. years agofamilieshadachoice oftwo blackandwhite themselves haveactivities changed, e.g. watching TV. Forty available suchasplaying computer games. ofthe Some havepopular butalarge numberofotheractivities become enoughto havelucky a set. areTV These still activities playing board gamesandwatching television for those their leisure timeat homereading, listening to theradio, over thepast60years. the1950speoplespent During that areactivities includedhave changedconsiderably of how we spendourleisure time. However, of thetype leisure part hasalwaysHome-based beenan important satellite television andcrafts. channelsdedicated to cookery suchasgardening orcooking.based activities There are programmes aimto encourage usto takeupotherhome watches 30hoursoftelevision Many perweek. television television, itisestimated that theaverage person iswatching leisure activities One ofthemainhome-based Shops sellingcomputer games. Libraries; and Video rental shops; Take-away restaurants; 40 000ofthemhaving lessthanten rooms each. houses andbedbreakfast places intheUKwitharound isestimated that thereIt are over 50000hotels, guest Accommodation in 1886. The Winter Palace hotel Nile builtonthebanks oftheRiver isa5*starluxury Store isavailable 24hoursaday, seven days aweek. thensendsthemthefilmonDVD.they want. Sky The Sky boxtheir Sky allowing themto watch itat whatever time film fromStore, theSky thefilmis downloaded directly to and keep’ schemewhichallows theircustomers to rent a to theirsatellite box. Recently, hasintroduced Sky a ‘buy book aDVDorBlu-ray over theinternet ordownload afilm Netflix, LoveFilm On-demand. Customers cannow andSky television provider. This gives suchas access to services linked to theirbroadband internet provider orasatellite andmanychange themarket peoplenow have smart TVs including supermarkets. Technology hasalsohelpedto cheaper andare now soldinawiderange ofshops in recent years. The themselves products have become Watching DVDsandBlu-rays haschangedconsiderably in newspapers orby issuingamonthly magazine. releasesforthcoming ontelevision through and advertising shops encouraged customers to usethemby promoting Many videorental confectionery, andice-cream. drinks soft to offer suchas theircustomers awider range ofservices increased share ofthehomeleisure businesstheybegan on theNile’ at the Winter Palace. wroteChristie herfamous1937novel ‘Death for theEgyptian Royal family. Agatha The Winter Palace was once awinter retreat youDid know?

Source MMcMullan 8 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry • • • The Burg AlArab repeatedly hasbeen voted theworld’s mostluxurious hotel. additional services provided suchasteaadditional services andcoffee in aguesthouse isusuallyhomely. There may be guesthouses alsooffer evening meals. The atmosphere on abedandbreakfast basis orroom only. Some businesses. The accommodation isgenerally offered number ofbedrooms. guesthousesare Most familyrun are usually smallerthanhotels andhave onlyasmall areGuesthouses acheaperalternative to ahotel. They Motels are more popularinthe USthanintheUK. others providebedrooms facilitiessimilarto hotels. only; They tend to withsomeproviding offer basicservices Motels are routes. usuallyfound alongmajortransport double rooms, familyrooms, juniorsuites andsuites. range ofaccommodation from singlerooms, and twin or may available ona24hourbasis. Hotels may offer a whichmay beavailableroom service for specifictimes bar inguestrooms. Larger hotels alsousuallyprovide there willalsobebarfacilitiesandthere may beamini- provide breakfasts, lunchesanddinners. larger hotels In some onlyoffering whilstotherswill abreakfast service separate livingspace. hotels Most alsooffer food with facilities, atrouser press, television, internet access, and available inlarger hotels suchastea andcoffee making as cleaning. may Additional be facilitiesandservices bathroom. Eachhotel such willprovide basicservices facilities suchasabed, wardrobe, dressing tableanda hundreds ofbedrooms. All hotel rooms willhave basic range from smallboutique hotels to large hotels with bedroom.an overnight, andfurnished serviced They termsHotels: ofaccommodation, In hotels are basically

Source MMcMullan could notcompete. smaller companies have goneoutofbusiness becausethey rapidly over thepast20years to theextent that many ofthe Thomas Cook. These chainsof travel agents have grown dominated by large multi-agents such as Thomson and are many small, independent travel agents, is themarket andcarhire.exchange, parking Although there airport currency includingflight bookings, services of products holidays; however,sale ofpackage theyalsooffer a range products. peopleassociate Most travel agents withthe Travel agents provide arange oftravel andtourism Tourist Organisations • • • provide restaurants, children’s play areas andwifi. facilities. Larger caravanand laundry willalso parks aswell connections asshop such aswater andelectricity Campsites andcaravan generally parks offer utilities both static caravans andpitches for touring caravans. pulled by acar. acaravan Sometimes willprovide park sites, referred often to aspitches, for touring caravans are hired by customers by theday/week. There are also caravan withlarge parks permanent caravans which There are ofcaravan two maintypes parks. There are tentcamping podorden,asafari orawigwam cabin. on their ‘creature comforts’. is now possibleto stay It ina people to experience theoutdoor life withoutlosingout combination of ‘glamorous’ and ‘camping’ whichallows Recently ‘glamping’ hasbecome popular. This isa their own static tents whichcanbebookedinadvance. tent by apitch. simplyhiring Larger campsites may have toCampsites usetheirown give peopletheopportunity Camping andcaravanning are popularholidays. andshops. services such aschildren’s play areas, swimmingpools, laundry holiday villageshave andfacilitiesonsite many services holiday village. Holiday villagesrange insize, thelarger orusingtherestaurantown cooking situated inthe Customers usuallyhave thechoice ofeitherdoingtheir can becottages, caravans, chaletsormobilehomes. Holiday villagesare groups ofholiday homeswhich have additionalfacilitiessuch asapool. Holiday homesare popularinFlorida where theyoften and utensils; television andsometimesaDVDplayer. equipment suchasacooker,kitchen fridge, crockery you would to findinahouseincludingfurniture; expect that holiday homewillbeequippedwitheverything for theduration oftheirstay.use oftheproperty The a weekend to several weeks. The customer hassole a customer oftimefrom canrent period for ashort Holiday homesare that villas, housesorapartments day theirresidentsguest houseowners expect to beoutall available for theresidents to useintheevening. Most facilities. making There may alsobealoungearea 9 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry later tour. tourists to getoff at avisitor andthencatch attraction a facility. hop-off by opentop buswithahop-on This allows and destinations. mostcitiesguidedtours are In available suchasguidedtours around tourist attractions services Visitor information isalsoprovided through guiding depending onthetimeofyear. local council andwilloperate different openinghours Tourist Information Centres are mainlymanagedby the travel aswell asleaflets, guidebooks, mapsandsouvenirs. centres for accommodation providing services and booking and Tourist Information Offices. Visitor Centres are large will beavailable free ofcharge through Visitor Centres written form, e.g. leaflets, mapsandguidebookswhich of thetourism industry. oftheguidance Much willbein advice and guidance part to tourists isnow animportant and guidance to makethemostoftheirstay. Providing place they are notfamiliarwiththerefore theyneedadvice oftourism isthat ina thetourist isoften A keyaspect multinational companies suchas TUI. with travel agents, isdominated themarket by afew large travel agents to althoughsomeselldirectly thepublic. As holiday.a package They usuallyselltheirholidays through providers suchasexcursion providers, inorder to produce providers, accommodation suppliersandotherservice holidays.and sellpackage They work withtransport Tour operators are theorganisations that puttogether A tour guidewithhisgroup oftourists attheForbidden City, Beijing. • • are with Princess Cruises. Beijing. You willseeaguidewithgroup oftourists who Look carefully at thisphotograph oftheForbidden in City this situation? What issuesdoyou think are faced by thetourists in situation? What issuesdoyou thinkare faced by aguideinthis Learning Activities

Source MMcMullan • travel available are: tourist destination orvisitor attraction. The mainforms of Tourists to generally getthemto rely their ontransport Transportation accommodation aswell asthingsto seeanddo. information about all elements of tourism such astravel and online. parking The isalsoavaluable Internet source of travel, ticketsto shows, visitor andairport attractions suchasaccommodation, andservices book tourist products With thegrowing itisnow useoftheInternet possibleto • of Aruba. onthe island Caribbean planeonitsfinalapproach to theairport A Martinair business class, premium economy andeconomy class. also provide different classesofticket–firstclass, meals, andlegroom. entertainment flights Scheduled to flights. bebetter thanonchartered This includes onboard ascheduledflight facilities andservices tend flights more expensive ones. thanchartered The only afew passengersonboard. This makesscheduled the flight. This meansthat theflight may operate with irrespective ofthenumberpassengersbookedon flights operateScheduled to apublishedtimetable new flight date. arrangements close to theirdeparture profitability. This canmeanthat acustomer receives may cancel aflight or combine flights tomaximise fulltoor nearly beprofitable. Therefore a tour operator on highoccupancy. flight needs Achartered to befull generally cheaperthanscheduledflights asthey rely flightsspecific timeanddestination. Chartered are flights areChartered hired by a tour operator for a to getcustomers to theirdestination.on airtransport holidays soldintheUKrely ofpackage The majority Air: andscheduledflights; chartered take-off. Desks close40 minutes beforetake-off. theflight. usually required to check-in three hoursin advance of mid-haul routes whilethosetravelling long-haulare and check-infor short at leasttwo hoursbefore take-off flight generally andairlines recommend that passengers to three hoursbefore ofthe thescheduleddeparture at acheckindeskoronline. Check-in desksopentwo Check-in: Passengers cancheck infor theirflight either processes andprocedures: Travelling by airisassociated withseveral specific terms,

Source MMcMullan 10 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry hold baggage, thecharges are typically lower whenthe kg. Other, mostlylow cost, charge airlines separately for Economy classare allowed onebagweighing upto 23 in theticketcost, e.g. passengersflying Airways British weight limits. include abaggageallowance airlines Some Hold orchecked to size baggageisalsosubject and liquid foodstuffs suchasjamandjelly. inhandbaggagesuchasgels,carried creams, pastes, and weight limits. There willalsobeitems that cannotbe totaken onto size theplaneandisgenerally subject and according to theclassofticket. Handbaggagemay be which varies from to andusuallyvaries airline airline Allowance:Baggage have allairlines abaggage allowance isfree.service All passengersmustbepresentfast bagdrop desk. andthe andthendeposittheirbagsat the check-in kiosks service before 15.15hrs.departing Passengers may use the self- in between 16.00and22.00hrsfor day flights allnext may Airways passengerswithBritish check- Airport may check-in theday before. For example at Gatwick flights onmorning ManchesterandBirmingham Gatwick, including Passengers from someairports departing airlines haveairlines produced appsto allow onlinecheck-in. and stored onamobiletelephone. Recently some at theendofonlinecheck-in process ordownloaded Boarding passescaneitherbeprinted directly airport. at the passengers cancheck-in kiosk usinganairline through to theironlinecheck-in process. Alternatively reminder emailthat willclickthepassengerstraight and following senda often Airlines theinstructions. choosing either Booking’ My ‘Manage or ‘Check-in online’ in canbecompleted through theairline’s website by of theflight dependingontheairline. Onlinecheck- days andupto 1hourbefore thescheduleddeparture Onlinecheck-in isopenfrom 30 time at theairport. beforeIt isfree, theirflight. quickandeasysaves encourage airlines Most passengersto check-in online customised homescreen whichallows usersto: personalised experience for isbasedaround users. a It The BAmobileappisdesigned to provide a Case Study: theBritishAirways mobileapp • • • • • • • view recent searches browse theairline’s lowest prices download andstore mobileboarding passes check-in andchooseseats scheme calledtheExecutive Club) view Tier Points andAvios (BAhave aloyalty book flights; bookings; instantly access flight andallupcoming theirnext interactive gamesandfree headphones. movies andtelevision programmes, children’s programmes, Long-haultypically flights feature seat-backTVs showing vegetarian, diabetic, gluten-free andnut-restricted. of theholiday. willprovide Airlines arange ofmealssuchas longer thanseven hours, mealswillbeincludedintheprice onlineorviatheairline’spre-ordered callcentre. Onflights destinations mealsare available for purchase andshouldbe onboard.drinks Onlow cost flying airlines to European purchase food suchassandwichesandsnacks haulflights may passengersonshort In-flight service: scheduled to depart. must bemadeat leastthree hoursbefore theflight is flight plusany difference infares. Inmostcaseschanges their flight islikely to have to pay around £15perdate per change perflight. Anyone wishing to changethedate of for eachchange, e.g. charge someairlines £25pername be madeby callingtheairline. There beafee willnormally Passenger details:Changesandcancellations canusually tool ontheairline’sBooking website. My Manage by usingthe theirflight orafterwards booking seating for afee eitherat onmostairlines thetimeof in anexit row) orto sittogether asagroup canreserve Passengers whowant legroom extra (for example by sitting check-induring basis. onafirst-come, first-served seating:Pre-arranged are Seats assigned free ofcharge allowance of10kg. allow (undertheageof2)anindividualbaggage Infants take theirholdbagsto airlines Drop aBag desk.Some Passengers whohave checked-inonlinesimplyneedto over-sized bags, sometimesreferred to asexcess. baggage online.bags are generally Airlines charge pre-booked for the aircraft. Fees applyto alltheseservices. phones to andfamilyseated call friends elsewhere on off andlanding. Passengers can also usetheirmobile their seat. isnotavailable take- This during service send texts, access and sendemailsfrom theInternet devices includingtheirmobilephone to make calls, communications: passengerscanusetheirmobile read andtheEmirates. uponDubai headlinesfrom BBCNews.and sport They canalso happening intheworld through live business, news A380s. Passengers canalsokeepintouch withwhat is cameras includingonemountedexternal onthetailof of theirflight ortakeintheviewfrom theaircraft’s information: passengerscanfollow theprogress Digital Widescreen’. knownThe onEmirates as in-flight entertainment is ‘ice Case Study: Emirates in-flight entertainment. 11 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry hovercrafts andcruiseships. travelSea includescarandpassengerferries, hydrofoils, • destinations IslesandEurope. intheBritish tours have convenient pick-up points andoffer a range of ofholiday,type for olderpeople. coach Most particularly they spendtheirtimeofholiday. Coach tours are apopular the cargives inhow thetourist themaximumflexibility to travel around thedestination whenthere. The useof tourists usetheirown carto travel to theirdestination and travelRoad includesbuses, coaches, carsandtaxis. Many • lasts approximately 35minutes. throughout from thejourney Folkestone to Calais which on to the train; thedriver andpassengersstay intheircar onthechanneltunneltrains allowcarriages drivers to drive 1994 provided anewway to travel by carto Europe. Special attraction. Channel The openingofthe50.5km Tunnel in companies combine rail travel withadmission to avisitor companies builthotels often at rail thedestination. Some lineswereRail created to tourist destinations andtherail growth1800s played intheearly alarge oftourism. part The development oftherailways the intheUKduring • Rail; A ferry leaves forCapri. Sorrento bound A ferry • • • • choose from: and facilitiesmore Customers extensive services. can to Cherbourg ,ferries includesleepingaccommodation and premium lounges. Onlongercrossings suchasRosslare experience suchasrestaurants, bars, children’s play areas to improveand services theircustomer’s on-board Ferry companies have beendeveloping arange offacilities Sea: includingferriesSea: andcruise ships. Road: coach, hire; includingcar car Captain’s cabin; Class2-berth outsidecabin; 4-berth inside cabin; 4-berth outside cabin; 2-berth television, audioandgamesfrom around theworld. theirflightduring includingthelatest andbestmovies, premium to keeppassengersbusy entertainment thereentertainment: are over 1800channelsof

Source MMcMullan The Allure of the Seas (left) and Sea Princess andSea (left) The Allure (right)docked oftheSeas inAntigua. market. Many countries have developed cruisefacilities to tapinto thelucrative cruise • • • every eight holidays. ofalloverseasevery package cruise holiday andcruisescontinue to account for onein passengers took2012, almosttwo millionBritish anocean that beats manyrange offacilitiesandservices hotels. In cruise shipsare large offering andluxurious theirguestsa Cruising ofholiday. hasbecome apopulartype Modern Troon. Stena andStranrear Linesailingsbetween Belfast / that are andactivities available products services, on that are available to you to research thefacilities, Use andany theInternet othersources ofinformation 6-berth outsidecabin. 6-berth insidecabin; 6-berth outsidecabin(disabled); 2-berth Did youDid know? and 3millioncars. million passengers 14.6 Line carried 2013Stena In Learning Activities Did youDid know? 1,757 passengers. with Londonderry cruise shipvisitsto There were also5 993 crew onboard. passengers and28 with 72,089 docked inBelfast, 57 cruiseships December 2013, – January During

Source MMcMullan Source MMcMullan 12 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry • • • ship: Typically there are four onboard maincabintypes acruise cost. at noextra room service the guest’s need. Guestscanusuallyenjoy every 24-hour cabin willbeallocated acabinsteward whowilllookafter television anden-suite bathrooms. Eachstateroom or includesrefrigerator,cruise shipstypically hairdryer, safe, referred to asstaterooms orcabins. Accommodation on They offer guestsa range ofaccommodation usually floating hotels.Cruise shipsare sometimeslikenedto luxury record 52. receiving cruisecallsalsoincreasednumber ofUKports to a thefigure in2012–twice of2007. ports visiting British The cruises increased by 11percent with723,000passengers their during The numberofpassengersvisitingUKports Infinity. deckonboardThe Celebrity pool A suite on board Celebrity Infinity: the bedroom the area A suite Infinity: onboard Celebrity reclining chairs. sliding glassdoorsleadingto abalcony withtableand chair andsmalltable. There willbefloor to ceiling Balcony cabinsare usuallylarger andincludeaneasy porthole. cabins:asinsidecabinsbutwithawindowOutside or a window orporthole. and cabinshaveWC. Inside amirror astheydonothave bed; abathroom withshower over bath orshower only cabins:two singlebedsconvertible toInside aking-size

Source MMcMullan Source MMcMullan • The seating area looking throughThe seatingarea looking to thebalcony typical cruiseship.typical andfacilitiesavailable ona products, activities services, Use andtravel theInternet brochures to investigate the ------different needs.typically includes Asuite and willusuallybeavailable inarange ofsizes to suit Suites are cabinson acruiseship themostluxurious table andsunloungers. Floor to ceiling glassdoors leadingto balcony with DVD player and/orministereo; Lounge area withsofa,chairsandtable; Trouser press; Dressing area; unitand vanity WC; Bathroom withbath, separate shower, dual sink Two singlebedsconvertible bed; to aking-size Learning Activities

Source MMcMullan tea to guests.afternoon butlerdeliversA personal

Source MMcMullan 13 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry the passport ormay taketheform ofadocument oran the passport the internet. visa mayThe bean endorsement in actual sometimes inpersonat aconsular office, by mailor over To obtain avisatraveller mustusually applyinadvance, entry, andcanberevoked at any time. ofanimmigrationpermission actual official atthetimeof visa isvalid for more thanonevisit, etc. to Avisaissubject coveredterritory by thevisa,dates ofvalidity, whetherthe conditions to theirvisas, suchasduration ofstay, the attaches various a limited typically duration. Eachcountry andto to remain enterthat there country itsterritory for for apersonwhoisnotcitizen ofacountry of authority A visaisaconditional authorisation given by acompetent addition to avalid passport. of theirjourney, even ifonlychanging flights. This isin theyplanto enter country aspart authorisation for every passengers may needavisaoranequivalent form of oftheirjourney, andthepurpose onnationality Depending Visas not require identification to travel withintheUK. licence.driving Children undertheageof16years olddo identification whentravelling, or suchasa valid passport butmusthave photographicIreland donotneedapassport Passengers includingNorthern flyingsolelywithintheUK, isrequired where urgently.fast-track apassport service service anda HMPassport Office offers a premium the UK, hasarrived In before areservation. their passport making generallytravel advisesthat travellers industry wait until weeks orlongerto applying, receive after sothe apassport Processing butitmay takesix vary timesfor passports years old. —even infants under two also needtheirown passports beyond —usuallythree thetrip orsixmonths. Children will require isvalid for aminimumperiod that thepassport for thefullduration ofthetrip. countries Some additionally oranequivalent travela passport document that isvalid allpassengerswillneed Unless flyingsolelywithintheUK, Passports • • • they travel: There are needsto justthree checkbefore thingseverybody passengers may notbeallowed to travel. andtherelevant visas.passport Without theseessentials, make sure you have theright documents, suchasavalid To to ajourney, ensure asmoothstart passengersneedto Travel Documentation (API)? Have you suppliedyour Advance Passenger Information youDo have therequired visas? youDo have avalid passport? programme. Authorisation (ESTA) and meettherequirements ofthe visa providing theyholdavalid System Electronic Travel are ableto travel(such astheUK) to theUSAwithouta Citizens ofcountries covered by the Visa Waiver Programme SystemElectronic for Travel Authorization (ESTA) inevitably causethecheck-in process to beslower. provide thiswill to provide APIS,orexpect itat theairport; end. somepeoplewilleitherhave Inevitably forgotten to that theywould notgain access at theother to thecountry likely that, even allowed iftheairline acustomer to travel, that refuses theairline travel to thecountry. isalsovery It Anyone refusing to provide theinformation islikelyto find InformationCrime Centre to identify any wanted persons. the US,information ischeckedagainsttheFBINational andusedfor laweach country enforcement purposes. In website. The information by iscollected of theauthorities the ‘manage my booking’ of therelevant section airline’s through atravel agent needto provide theinformation via online. Customers whohave holiday bookedapackage thisinformationcollect automatically whencustomers book Several andmostinternational UKbased airlines airlines • • • Additionally, onUSflights, passengerswillbeasked for: • • • • Nationality; • • Gender; • required: information required by them. The following information is only provide eachcountry’s withtherelevant authorities toprior travel onroutes will Airlines to andfrom theUK. Passenger Information (APIS) for passengers72hours The UKGovernment requires Advance to airlines collect Advance Passenger Information (APIS) others donotrequire visits. visasfor short host country. countries and Some issueavisauponarrival can print before leaving to homeandproduce the onentry recordelectronic oftheauthorisation, whichtheapplicant this data willenableasmoothauthorisation process). given aredress numberby USImmigration. Providing to additionalscreeningsubject andwhohave been have travelled to theUSApreviously andwhohave been redress number(thisonlyappliesto passengerswho have USresidency Alien Registration Number(Green Card) for thosewho the destination address oftheirfirstnight’s stay ofresidence.Country was issued;and Where passport date; Passport numberandexpiry Date ofBirth; name; Full includinglast name(given namesasonpassport) 14 Components of the Leisure and Tourism Industry under United States law. admission underthe Visa Waiver Program orfor any reason Customs andBorder Protection who may Officer refuse by aU.S. ofentry traveller at theirport willbeinspected Visa Waiver Program. to Uponarrival theUnited States, the that theyare admissibleto theUnited States underthe that thetraveller iseligible to travel, butdoesnotestablish travel authorization application isapproved, itestablishes checks againstlaw enforcement databases. theelectronic If The System Electronic for Travel Authorization performs sooner. years oruntil thetraveller’s expires, passport whichever is debit card. ESTA isvalid for multiplejourneys for upto two theapplication andmustbemadeby creditof making or for aneworrenewed ESTA whichmustbepaidat thetime tohours prior departure. There isafee of$14perperson be submitted at anytime to prior travel butnolessthan72 willbedeniedboarding.their departure Applications may Visitors whodonotreceive travel to authorisationprior travel to authorisation prior boarding anairorseacarrier. for allvisitors ismandatory to theUSAto It obtainelectronic 15