Adventist Review General Paper of the Seventh-day Adventist Church September 20, 1984

This issue's emphasis: Latest developments in the health sciences of interest to Acventists Pages 3-18

Cover: A CAT (Computerized Axial Tomography) scan gives Bill Hosko, C.T. supervisor at Washington Adventist Hospital, a three-dimensional, computerized X-ray picture of a patient's internal organs. On the medical market since 1975, the scan is the number one tool in cancer diagnosis. It is also used to detect strokes and other illnesses. THIS WEEK Adventist Review Over the past several years Research" (p. 11), by Robert L. convention performance, various scientific studies have Nutter; and "Adventists Push Phipps says: "A lot of media shown the advantages of the diet the Scientific Frontiers of attention focused on what hap- and lifestyle advocated by Nutrition" (p. 15), by R. Bruce pened. This allowed me to open Seventh-day Adventists. In Wilcox with U. D. Register, all doors, to break down barriers. It Published continuously since 1849 some cases, positions that focus on topics of interest to was basically a bridge-building EDITOR Adventists have taken for more any health-conscious person. experience. . . . I hope to William G. Johnsson than a century—thanks to the Barry L. Taylor, professor of maximize this experience for ASSOCIATE EDITOR writings of Ellen G. White on biochemistry at Loma Linda the glory of God." Myron K. Widmer the topic of health—have been University, coordinated the Art and photo credits: shown to be scientifically valid. MANAGING EDITOR articles in this issue, contacting Cover, p. 12, Glenn Dalby; pp. Jocelyn R. Fay In this issue, specialists from authors and making writing 3, 6, Meylan C. Thoresen; p. 9, Loma Linda University share assignments. ASSISTANT EDITORS Hinsdale Hospital; p. 14, Mar- James N. Coffin, Eugene F. Durand with ADVENTIST REVIEW In the news section of this quita Halstead; p. 15, Loma Aileen Andres Sox readers some of the latest devel- issue, we are reprinting an Linda University; p. 16, ADMINISTRATIVE SECRETARY opments in health sciences. article from the Washington Charles Whieldon; p. 21, nee- Corinne Russ "Update on Cardiovascular Post about Adventist minister dlework by Karen Flowers. EDITORIAL SECRETARIES Disease" (p. 7), by Gary E. Wintley Phipps—"Adventist Correction: Credit for the Chitra Bamabas, Jeanne James Fraser; "Weight Control: Baritone Sings at Democratic cover and illustration on page 4 Secrets and Suggestions for ART Convention" (p. 26). of the September 6 issue should Director. Byron Steele Success" (p. 3), by Lynn Cald- Commenting on the attention have been given to Loel Barr Designer, G. W. Busch well; "Developments in Cancer he received as a result of his rather than Annie Lunsford. CONSULTING EDITORS Neal C. Wilson, Charles E. Bradford, L. L. Bock, L. L. Butler, Charles B. Hirsch, W. R. Lesher, Alf Lohne, Kenneth J. Mitt- leider, Enoch Oliveira, G. Ralph Thomp- LETTERS son, Francis W. Wemick

Letters submitted for publication should SPECIAL CONTRIBUTORS contribute ideas and comments on articles that many constituents may not sorrow and sin!"—Education, Kenneth H. Wood, Robert H. Pierson, or material printed in the George W. Brown, G. J. Christo, W. T. ADVENTIST have been aware of. Their p. 271. Clark, Bekele Heye, R. J. Kloosterhuis, REVIEW. They should be brief, not exceed- response and feedback could be Edwin Ludescher, Jan Paulsen, W. R. L. ing 250 words, and must carry the writer's I praise God for His own Scragg, Joao Wolff name, address, and telephone number of tremendous value in the (although this number will not be printed). reassurance that "thy people Letters must be legible, preferably typewrit- decision-making of church shall be willing in the day of thy SOUTHWESTERN UNION EDITION ten, and doublespaced. All will be edited to Editor, Richard W. Bendall meet space and literary requirements, but leaders. power" (Ps. 110:3). the author's meaning will not be changed. The advertising was beauti- ARNOLD V. WALLENKAMPF EASTERN AFRICA EDITION Views expressed in the letters do not Editor, Bill Edsell necessarily represent those of the editors or fully and tastefully presented. If Adelphi, Maryland of the denomination. Address letters for this advertising can cut production INTER-AMERICAN EDITIONS column to Editor, ADVENTIST REVIEW, 6840 From the cover of the July 26 Eastern Ave., NW., Washington, D.C. costs to make the "General Editor, Wanda Sample 20012. issue [young woman in running Associate Editors, Simone Doleyres, Paper of the Seventh-day French; Humberto Rasi, Raul Villanueva, outfit], it appears that nudity has Spanish Adventist Church" more NAD issue of Review walked right into our church, or affordable, thus more available, SOUTH AMERICAN EDITIONS I wish to commend you for should I say has run into it! Editor, R. S. Lessa, Portuguese surely no one would be disap- Acting Editor, Rubem M. Scheffel, REBECCA MCNEELY the August 9 issue, which deals pointed. Portuguese Morristown, Arizona Editor, Rolando Inn, Spanish with the current state of the CHARLOTTE PEDERSEN COE church in the North American Columbia, Maryland CIRCULATION Manager. Robert S. Smith Division. The articles on struc- Little white church Associate, L. Rhea Harvey ture, financing, and racial char- Running witness The little church on Bordo- acter of the church should prove TO CONTRIBUTORS With real joy I read about ville Hill in Vermont holds a Unsolicited manuscripts are welcome, but helpful in opening under- notification as to acceptance or rejection Michele Bush in "An Adventist dear spot in my heart too. My may be expected only if accompanied by a standing and communication. A Witnesses on the Run" (July stamped, self-addressed envelope. better informed laity may yet family has attended there for 26). We often hear criticism of nearly 100 years. An index is published in the last Review of help us leaders and members to our youth. But here we find a We still own our family June and December. The Adventist Review move forward in response to the is indexed in the Seventh-day Adventist ringing witness to the principle Periodical Index. changing character of the house, situated just down the of loyalty to God and His will at road from the church. We go church with its variety of The Adventist Review (ISSN 0161-1119) is the expense of possible recogni- back there every summer. There published every Thursday. Copyright © emerging needs. 1984 Review and Herald Publishing Associ- tion in the world. was some talk of closing the VICTOR S. GRIFFITHS ation, 55 West Oak Ridge Drive, Hagers- As I read about Miss Bush church, which my parents hope town, Maryland 21740, U.S.A. Second- Washington, D.C. class postage paid at Hagerstown, Mary- this statement came to mind: to prevent by retiring there. land. Postmaster. send form 3579 to same address. Subscriber: send address change to The August 9 issue may be "With such an army of workers Those members uphold old- the above address. Subscriptions: one year, your most impressive effort to as our youth, rightly trained, US$30.95. Single copy, 90 cents U.S. fashioned standards and truly currency. Prices subject to change without date. The articles were direct might furnish, how soon the love Jesus. Ellen White had a notice. and credible. I was particularly message of a crucified, risen, vision across the road from the Address all editorial correspondence to 6840 interested in the "Challenge of and soon-coming Saviour might church. Members are still bap- Eastern Avenue NW , Washington, D.C. North America" discussion. be carried to the whole world! tized in the brook down the 20012. The conference presidents How soon might the end hill. VALERIE BROOKS LULL Vol. 161, No. 38 addressed candidly concerns come—the end of suffering and Fullerton, California

2 (970) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 Weight control: secrets and suggestions for success By LYNN CALDWELL

Practical suggestions for attaining and maintaining a thinner you.

Imprisoned in every fat person is a thin person wildly signaling to be let out.—Cyril Conolly. Perhaps you can identify with the above quotation. Do you feel at times there is a thin person inside of you "wildly signaling to be let out"? Maybe you are reading those signals but just can't seem to find the secrets to actualize this thinner self. Today it appears many people feel their weight is keeping them in bondage and preventing them from becoming the persons they desire to be. Usually more than once they reach the verge of permanently casting off their unwanted outerwrapping, only to have it suddenly reappear—some- times in greater proportions and even more threatening than before. To say the least, this disconcerting predicament of uncontrolled weight has nothing positive to offer, either for a person's self-image or his overall health. This article's intent is to assist you to avoid common destructive pitfalls of unsuccessful weight loss and to reveal some of the secrets of long-lasting weight control. I present some practical, sensible facts about diet programs and suggestions for attaining and maintaining a thinner you. Whether you are a seasoned veteran of weight control attempts, a novice wanting to shed a few extra pounds, or just a desirable-weight individual concerned about staying there, this article has information you should find enlightening. Secrets of weight management Mankind, since the improvement of cookery, eats twice as much as he requires .—Poor Richard's Almanack. The secrets for victory in the "battle of the bulge" are to consume fewer calories and to exercise more. Beyond this, it requires some motivation and sincere reasons Wait! Those aren't secrets—everyone knows them. But if for wanting to keep off the excess poundage. everyone knows them, why are so many Americans Built into the secret of consuming fewer calories without overweight? It has been estimated that 80 million Ameri- forfeiting the pleasures of eating is control. Not self-control cans, about 35 percent of the total population, are at least 20 in the sense of rigid self-denial (the latter will ultimately pounds above the ideal weight for their age, sex, and height.' result in short-term sacrifice in vain), but the control of With older Americans the problem is even worse, because informed choice. If you have an accurate idea of the nutrient 35 percent of the men and 40 percent of the women over 40 and caloric content of the foods in your diet, you are years of age are obese (at least 20 percent overweight). At the infoimed. When you opt to select those foods that will help present time obese women outnumber lean women nearly you toward your goal of losing weight intelligently, you two to one.' make the appropriate choice. Keep in mind the slogan "It Knowledge of the concept of human energy balance is not takes a good chooser to be a good loser." the same as having the skills to utilize it to one's advantage. If you step up your activity while you are stepping down in calories, greater success in weight control is possible. Not Lynn Caldwell, M.H.S R.D ., is currently doing research in only that, but you can lose extra pounds of fat much faster. preventive cardiology at the School of Medicine, Loma Getting "hooked" on exercise and making it part of your Linda University. daily routine is one secret of a total weight management

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 (971) 3 program. You will want to exercise and will look forward to ■ Eat some foods that you like. it because it makes you feel good—both during and after. ■ Eat a wide variety of foods. Exercise stimulates all sorts of beneficial mechanisms in ■ Be able to afford the diet. your body, including appetite control regulators, mood ■ Not have to buy any exotic foods, special liquids, pills, elevators (your own body's opiates), and enzymes that help powders, or gadgets. burn fat.3 One of the best features of exercise is that it aids ■ Not endanger your health. you in utilizing calories faster, even when you are at rest, by ■ Consume nutritionally balanced foods from each of the speeding up your metabolism. This seems to be especially Four Food Groups: milk group, protein group, bread- true if exercise follows eating.' So perhaps exercise has more cereal group, and fruit-vegetable group. advantages than you originally thought! ■ Not skip any meals; you will eat at least three meals per day. The secrets: what they are not ■ Take in fewer calories than you are burning. It is in a diet book, wherein the sins of every day are ■ Get more exercise (if you can exercise). written.—Epistle Christian Brother, 1624. ■ Learn some low-calorie ways to select and prepare food. The media are full of revolutionary new diets purported to ■ Lose at least one-half pound per week but not more than help you lose weight painlessly, few of which consider the two pounds. basic laws of energy or sound nutrition principles. Scarcely a ■ Be able to stay on the diet until you reach your ideal month passes without a new diet plan appearing in a book or weight. magazine. Diet books are the staples of the best-seller lists.' After having read this list, how does the diet you are on, Recently the American Council on Science and Health have been on, or are considering, compare? If the list comes took on the onerous task of reviewing all the diet and close to describing your current or proposed regimen, you nutrition articles published in 19 popular magazines over the are probably headed in the right direction. past ten years. In most cases the reviewers read at least 20 or Self-assessment for calories more articles in each of the magazines. They rated them on scientific accuracy, credentials of the authors, and the diets' Fat people overeat to feed yesterday—and tomorrow.— safety and effectiveness.' Only five of the magazines were From Slim Pickings. consistent sources of valid nutrition information: 50 Plus, You lose weight by consuming fewer calories than you Parents', Reader's Digest, Redbook, and Good Housekeep- expend. For every pound of body fat you wish to lose, you ing. must decrease your maintenance calorie intake by about Currently more than 1,000 diet books are available, in 3,500 calories. If you decrease your intake by 500 calories addition to the diet plans constantly being churned out by the per day, at the end of one week you should have lost one magazine industry.' The Consumers Union reviewed numer- pound of body fat. ous popular diets according to their advantages and Most health professionals agree that adult women should disadvantages in a book entitled Rating the Diets: New Ways lose no more than one and one-half to two pounds per week. to Lose Weight. If you lose weight much quicker than this, your loss will be The prospective buyer of a diet plan should not assume water and muscle mass, not just body fat. that just because material is published in a book, it has passed How many calories per day do you require to maintain scientific scrutiny or a credible reviewal process. It is a your weight? This varies greatly between individuals and perfectly legal and common practice for publishers to depends on sex, age, height, activity, and metabolic rate. An promote books that have very little by way of truth about estimated range of energy needs is given by the National health and nutrition. Publishers are usually concerned about Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences as salability, not reliability.' 2,300 to 3,100 calories for males 23 to 50 years of age, and How do you, as a consumer, determine whether a diet plan 1,600 to 2,400 calories for females 23 to 50 years of age. you are interested in is safe and effective? I have outlined a Multiplying your present weight by 15 if you are a checklist to help guide you. If the recommendations in any moderately active adult is another way of estimating calorie diet plan you are considering do not stand up to the criteria requirements.' The most reliable method of calculating an listed, don't follow it, for the results could be damaging. In individual's caloric requirements, however, is to keep an any safe, effective diet plan you will: accurate diet history of food intake while keeping the weight constant. Let's assume that a person requires 2,000 calories a day to maintain weight and he is 20 pounds above desired weight. If Additional helpful reading he does not change exercise patterns, but simply reduces Bailey, Covert. Fit or Fat? Boston: Houghton Mifflin caloric intake by 500 calories per day, it would take Company, 1978. approximately five months to lose that extra 20 pounds. This Hartbarger, J. C., and N. J. Hartbarger. Eating for the is a realistic expectation and utilizes the principle that a Eighties: A Complete Guide to Vegetarian Nutrition. deficiency of 3,500 calories is necessary to lose one pound of Philadelphia: Saunders Press, 1981. body fat. Osman, Jack D. Thin From Within: Vegetarian Edition. To help you visualize what one pound of body fat looks Washington, D.C.: Review and Herald Publishing Asso- ciation, 1981. like, take out a one-pound package of margarine. If you were to lose weight at the rate of one pound per week, this would approximate the size of one-half of a stick per day.

4 (972) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 Small increments of food above what an individual needs nutrition, and calorie contents. Especially observe fat are what cause most weight problems. It is a mistaken notion and sugar calories. that a person must grossly overeat to become fat. For • Check calorie levels on all diabetic, dietetic, imitation, instance, consider the results of adding an extra 100 calories and "natural" foods. Do not assume they are lower in per day to your diet for five years' time. If your weight was calories than the foods they substitute. 130 pounds in 1979 and you began adding these 100 extra a Take a pocket calorie counter to the store with you for calories each day since then, you would now weigh 180 checking calories in foods not labeled. pounds! a Plan menus in advance and use a shopping list to avoid The process of keeping an accurate food diary, recording spontaneous purchases. everything eaten in terms of amount and calories for one • Do not grocery shop when you are hungry. Shopping is week, is illuminating. This gives you an idea of not only best done when you are not tempted to snack in the which foods are supplying the extra calories but what form store. they are in: protein, carbohydrates, or fat. In eliminating excess calories: Many inexpensive and trustworthy calorie-counter paper- a Broil, bake, or pan fry without added fat. back books are available that can help you do this. One such • Use marinades without oil—lemon juice, soy sauce, book that can serve as an essential dictionary to any weight herbs, or spices. control problem is The Fat Counter Guide, by Ronald a Use small amounts of gravy or sauces, no cream sauces Deutsch (Bull Publishing Company, P.O. Box 208, Palo (milk may be used, though). Alto, California 94302; $1.95). • Use a nonstick frying pan or lubricant when frying in place of grease or oil. Oil has just as many calories as Making changes in calorie consumption butter! One must eat in measure.—An ancient Hindu medical • Avoid nibbling and continuous tasting during meal book. preparation. Drink a diet soda, chew sugarless gum, or Your knowledge of the caloric contribution of the foods in snack on raw vegetables. your diet will expand with the use of a calorie-counter book. I Do not prepare rich desserts. Serve fresh fruit instead. You also need some general guidelines for lessening your • Season foods with reduced-calorie margarine or butter daily caloric intake. These combined factors will enable you buds just prior to serving. Do not use regular butter or to make the most profitable ;nformed choices. margarine or set it on the table, where it is tempting to Slight adjustments downward in caloric intake do not add "just a little more." cause an acute sense of loss or deprivation. Too often people • Use dehydrated soy vegetarian products rather than think they must make radical changes in food patterns for any canned or frozen when possible. Prepared, or "conve- appreciable weight loss. To proceed on diets that bear little nience," vegetable protein frequently has excessive fat resemblance to previous food customs and habits is calories. disruptive and can lead to a depressed mental state, causing • Become familiar with low-calorie recipes. Revise your you to abandon the whole noble project. favorite recipes by substituting lower-calorie ingredi- Here are some tips to assist you in staying comfortable ents and methods of preparation (see box). while trimming calories. A word of caution as you set out to revise some of your In choosing your food: favorite recipes. It is important when selecting foods not to a Read labels carefully for ingredients, serving size, be fooled by misleading advertisements. Are you aware that

In substituting lower calorie foods, Use In place of Calories saved Low-calorie margarine Regular butter 50 per Tbsp. or butter flavoring or margarine Imitation, or low-cal, Regular mayonnaise 50 per Tbsp. mayonnaise Regular dressing 50-100 per Tbsp, Diet dressing Low-fat plain yogurt Sour cream 100 per 1/2 cup Nonfat milk Regular milk 90 per cup Regular milk Evaporated milk 100-300 per cup or cream D-Zerta gelatin Regular jello 60 per 1/2 cup Low-cal topping Whipped cream 25 per Tbsp. Low-fat cottage cheese Regular cottage cheese 60 per 1/2 cup Plain low-fat yogurt Regular flavored yogurt 70 per cup with fresh fruit Low-fat cheese Regular cheese 40 per slice

ADVENTIST REVIEW. SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 (973) 5 flavored yogurt has more sugar than ice cream and almost the in reducing beyond just burning calories: Losing weight and same number of calories? "Lite" oil has as many calories as toning muscle at the same time result in a body shape that butter or lard, and imitation sour cream has more calories brings you greater satisfaction. than regular sour cream. Putting it together If you routinely eat a food that is not labeled as to caloric content, write the manufacturer for ingredient information. Let us look to nature, with its harmony and balance, to A wrong assumption about the nutrient composition in a food seek the same within ourselves.—R. Ryan, M.D. you eat daily could quite easily cost you five or ten pounds Now that you have learned some of the secrets of weight per year. management, I suggest you draw up a plan for finding and keeping the thin self hiding within. Why add higher energy output? Making a list of your goals and things to do can help in Persons living very active lives are seldom of plump and getting started. On this list you will want to include the succulent habits.—Eighteenth-century English physician. following: For most people, energy output rarely averages more than very light activity. If you are not concerned about being fit, Goals this level of daily activity might be acceptable providing your ■ The amount of weight you desire to lose. usual food intake could be similarly described. ■ The rate at which you can intelligently and comfortably Unfortunately, those whose typical activity level can be reduce your body fat. characterized as "very light" often consume a diet that can ■ Your estimated maintenance caloric intake and the be described as heavy, or even very heavy. This imbalance deficit required daily to lose the desired weight. results in deposits of stored energy called—you guessed ■ The amount of caloric input (food) you decide to it—fat. decrease daily. The possibility does exist for you to reduce your body ■ The amount of caloric output (exercise) you plan to weight without an increase in exercise. You can expect it, increase daily. however, to be much more difficult, to take longer, and to ■ Estimated time required to reach your weight goal. have a higher probability of being less permanent. As noted Things to do previously, exercise has many beneficial side effects that aid ■ Evaluate your current diet's nutrient and caloric contribution. ■ Make a list of foods to avoid and of lower-calorie food substitutions. ■ Purchase a calorie-counter book. Record calories consumed and adjust to match caloric intake goal. ■ Prepare a shopping list of lower-calorie foods. ■ Adjust favorite recipes to decrease calories. ■ Schedule daily activity to reach caloric output goal. ■ Record daily planned activity and estimate caloric output. ■ Weigh yourself no more than three times per week and record (daily weights do not reflect fat loss accurately). Written objectives and steps you plan for achieving them positively reinforces the commitment to your program. It gives you a sense of direction, allowing you to experience maximum accomplishment. If you have supportive family or friends, discuss with them your goals and plans for success. Do not be afraid to ask for their help and encouragement. You may not even have to look far to find someone who also would like to share in your secrets and find their thinner self. Imprisoned in every fat person there is a thin person wildly signaling that CAN be let out. —Lynn Caldwell. ❑

REFERENCES I A. J. Stunkard, ed., Obesity (Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co., 1980). 2 J. R. Lutzker and J. A. Martin, Behavior Change (Monterey, Calif.: Brooks/Cole Pub. Co., 1981), p. 232. 3 Covert Bailey, Fit or Fat? (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1978), p. 17. 4 David Levitsky, "Exercising Within Several Hours of Eating Can Burn More Kilocalories," Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 83(1983):290. 5 G. Blackburn and K. Pavlow, "Fad Reducing Diets: Separating Fads From Facts," Contemporary Nutrition, 8(1983):1, 2. 6 "Are Magazines a Reliable Source of Nutrition Information?" Nutrition Perspectives, 6(1982):1. 7 E. Whelan, "Self-help Health Books: Rx for Disaster?" ACS11 News and Views, 1(1979):1. 8 J. Willis, "Diet Books Sell Well But . . . ," FDA Consumer, 3(1982):14. 9 Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy of Sciences—National Research Council recommended daily dietary allowances, revised 1980.

6 (974) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 Update on cardiovascular disease

By GARY E. FRASER

Over the past 20 to 30 years But a new twist has developed. Probably only about 30 to 50 percent of the population are sensitive to the effects of the health habits of the average salt. The sensitive group appears to be particularly those with American have moved closer established or borderline hypertension or a family history of to those of Adventists. high blood pressure. Salt is added to our food in three main ways: during processing, during cooking, or at the table. Of these, salt ardiovascular disease, with about 50 percent of total added during processing is the most important. Conse- C mortality, still accounts for more deaths than any other quently, intelligent food selection, in addition to appropriate cause in the United States. Each year about half a million choices during food preparation and at the table, is essential. people die specifically from coronary heart disease, most of The average American consumes about 12 grams of salt each them suddenly and often unexpectedly. About 4 million day, whereas only five grams are recommended. Americans have existing coronary heart disease, usually Women taking oral contraceptive medications are also manifested as chest pains on exertion, unusual breathless- well advised to have regular blood pressure checks, as a ness, or easy fatigability. proportion will respond to the medications with mild to A remarkable and not completely explained phenomenon moderate increases in blood pressure levels. Physically over the past 15 years has been a 30 percent decline in inactive persons have slightly increased levels of blood coronary mortality in the United States. This followed a pressure--only partially explained by the tendency for such slight upswing in the frequency of fatal heart attacks during persons to be obese. Many large studies have recently the 1950s and early '60s. confirmed that moderate or heavy alcohol consumption has a Most health-conscious people are aware of the three clear effect to raise blood pressure. personal attributes most powerfully predisposing a person to If blood pressure elevations are relatively mild, such as up coronary disease. These—high blood pressure,' cigarette to 95 millimeters diastolic, recommendations are for an smoking,' and elevated serum cholesterol'—are often called initial trial of reduction in body weight, reduction of alcohol risk factors. and salt consumption, along with increased physical activity, Hypertension afflicts 20 to 25 percent of the American for perhaps six months before resorting to drug therapy. population, being especially prevalent in blacks, and it is a It has been established that the most common group of common cause of disability and death. The risk of coronary antihypertensive medications, the thiazide diuretics, actually disease decreases as blood pressure decreases, at least down raise blood cholesterol by ten to 15 milligrams per deciliter. to levels of 120 systolic and 80 diastolic. Even lower levels Nevertheless the evidence is also clear that if these may be beneficial. medications are needed to control blood pressure, they The likelihood of developing high blood pressure is should not be denied because of this problem. influenced by several factors, the first of which is obesity. Other common ill effects of hypertension, such as stroke, The well-known Framingham study showed an average kidney damage, and heart failure, unlike coronary disease, increase in systolic blood pressure of 6.6 millimeters of are not much affected by raised blood cholesterol. The mercury in men arid 4.5 millimeters of mercury in women for discussion so far is relevant mainly to the 85 percent of all each 10 percentage points above ideal weight.' As an hypertensives who have no known organic cause for their example, if your ideal weight is 160 pounds but your body high blood pressure (such as kidney disease or rare endocrine weight is 200 pounds, then your percentage of ideal weight is and congenital anomalies). 200 ÷ 160 x 100 = 125 percent. The expected increase in The second major risk factor for coronary disease is systolic blood pressure owing to the 25 percent above ideal cigarette smoking. Although most people know the risk of weight is then 16.5 and 11.25 millimeters of mercury for lung cancer associated with smoking, many are not aware men and women, respectively. About 14 percent of that cigarette smoking kills many more from coronary American men and 24 percent of women are more than 20 disease than it does from lung cancer. Cigarette smoking percent overweight. approximately doubles the risk of coronary heart disease. The question of the influence of dietary salt on blood Interestingly, this effect varies with age. The increased risk pressure has been controversial for at least two decades. is about fourfold in men in their thirties and forties, and However, the controversy shows signs of resolution in favor gradually tapers to very little increased risk above age 65. Of of there being a salt/blood pressure relationship. course, increased risks of cancer in smokers persist even in the older age groups. Gary E. Fraser is an associate professor of epidemiology The situation is similar for women, with smoking being and assistant professor of medicine at Loma Linda particularly important in younger women. Smoking more University. than 25 cigarettes a day in combination with oral contracep-

ADVENT!ST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 (975) 7 tive use is associated with a dramatic increase in risk—prob- score of about five represents average risk. Of course, this ably at least twentyfold. average risk is not an ideal goal to strive for, since Just which component of cigarette smoke causes the "average" in a nation experiencing an epidemic of coronary problems in coronary arteries is not well understood, but disease is normal but not optimal. Better values would be 3.5 probably it is one of the gaseous components—perhaps to 4. Optimal values of blood total cholesterol are at least as carbon monoxide. It has been well documented that filter low as 200 milligrams per deciliter and probably lower. cigarettes do not cause any reduction in risk of coronary Values of HDL cholesterol should be at least as high as 40 disease, probably because they are designed mainly to milligrams per deciliter in men and 55 milligrams per extract tars and particulate matter, but not gases. deciliter in women. The last of the three major risk factors is elevated serum An important point is that serum cholesterol and blood cholesterol. Blood cholesterol levels are most powerfully pressure levels are determined not entirely by health habits. There are quite powerful hereditary influences. This realization explains why some fortunate people have Knowledgeable non-Adventists are persistently low levels of these risk factors regardless of diet beginning to adopt optional and exercise habits, whereas others appear disadvantaged health practices with more success despite excellent health habits. Of greatest importance is that wherever your hereditary tendency lies, the situation can be than some of our own members. improved by assuming optimal habits. As exemplified by Adventists, widespread and substantial dietary changes influenced by diet and obesity, and to a lesser extent by result in large shifts in the whole distribution of values of physical activity. serum cholesterol. Most research has used total serum cholesterol. However, Apart from the "big three," there are several other risk it is now well known that all blood cholesterol is not factors for coronary disease, which are still not entirely or identical, but is carried as several different packages, each adequately investigated. These include type A behavior, with different implications for coronary risk. Low-density stress, lack of social support, physical inactivity, and platelet lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol constitutes the major compo- function. nent of blood cholesterol and is raised by eating animal or Type A behavior is characterized by excessive time coconut fats and lowered by liquid vegetable fats (and urgency, impatience, a driving personality, and muscular possibly certain fish oils). The raising action of the animal tension. Persons displaying this type of behavior (about 50 fats is twice as powerful as the lowering action of the percent of the male population) are now generally accepted vegetable fats on a weight-for-weight basis. as being at increased risk. Dietary fiber also lowers LDL cholesterol. Notice that By contrast, the role of environmental stress in causing fiber as used here is a chemical term and that such fibers do coronary disease or hypertension is still quite debatable. not generally appear as fibrous to the eye. Pectins, gums, Recently several sources of information have clearly cellulose, and hemicellulose are all different types of fiber indicated that social support is a powerful protective agent and are found only in vegetable products. A common error is against death from all causes and probably specifically for to believe that bran (which contains dietary fiber) lowers coronary disease mortality. Components of social support serum cholesterol. It does not, but pectins and gums, found included being married, belonging to a church, and having in whole grains, green vegetables, and fruits, are effective. many friends. Consequently the good fellowship at church Obesity raises LDL cholesterol such that for each 10 may have more than spiritual and emotional benefits. percentage points above ideal weight, serum cholesterol Physical inactivity is almost certainly a risk factor for heart rises 11.3 milligrams per deciliter in men and 6.3 milligrams disease. Habits of sloth result in obesity, lower levels of per deciliter in women.' Consequently, here is another HDL cholesterol, and probably an increased tendency to reason why obesity is a very potent factor affecting risk of form blood clots. Five recent excellently designed and coronary disease. conducted studies show that initially healthy but inactive The other important component of blood cholesterol is people tend to develop more heart attacks than their active high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. This form of counterparts. cholesterol is probably protective. Women have on the Playing a prominent role in the process of forming the fatty average ten to 15 milligrams per deciliter more in their blood arterial deposits we call atheroma is a small particle in the than men do, and this probably partially explains their bloodstream called the platelet.' Platelets are minute decreased risk of coronary disease. packages of potent chemicals that are importantly involved Obesity, physical inactivity, diabetes mellitus, and in blood clotting and repair of the many minor "wear and cigarette smoking all lower HDL cholesterol levels and so tear" injuries of the arterial wall. If platelets are chronically adversely affect risk. Alcohol consumption raises levels of overactive over a period of years, the chemicals released HDL. However, there can be unfortunate cardiac and other seem to provoke changes that in combination with elevated health consequences of alcohol consumption that are blood cholesterol become atheromatous arterial obstruc- unrelated to coronary disease, and so make alcohol dosing an tions. It is interesting to note that platelets are more active inappropriate preventive or therapeutic measure. and "sticky" in smokers, hypertensives, people with raised Total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol can be combined to blood cholesterol, and also those who eat much saturated fat. give an assessment of risk more accurate than either alone. Each time I reconsider all these facts, I am struck by the This is the ratio Total cholesterol/HDL cholestero1.6 A ratio consistencies of the implied optimal health habits. Whether

8 (976) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984

High blood pressure, cigarette smoking, and elevated serum cholesterol most powerfully predispose to coronary disease. we consider serum cholesterol levels, blood pressure levels, It has often been stated that the lower coronary mortality in platelet function, or directly coronary heart disease rates, the Adventists may possibly be explained by the type of people recommendations must be a lifestyle familiar to all we are in ways apart from our religious and health practices. Seventh-day Adventists. Surely this involves a master plan For instance, it is quite probable that social support is greater for our health put together by the Master Designer. among Adventists, and it is well known that California The health of Seventh-day Adventists is a modern medical Adventists, at least, tend to be of higher socioeconomic phenomenon with respect to both cancer and cardiovascular status and to be better educated than the average citizen. (It is diseases. A well-known California study found that Advent- highly probable, of course, that these last are a result of our ist men and women lived six and three years longer, being Adventists rather than the alternative that higher respectively, than their non-Adventist California counter- socioeconomic status individuals are attracted to the church.) parts. Moreover, death rates from coronary disease in 24,000 Although it still cannot rule out the possibility, one California Adventist men and women were only 50 percent observation makes it less likely that the differences in disease those of non-Adventist Californians.' rates between Adventists and non-Adventists are owing to This could be explained only partially by Adventists' these social support and socioeconomic factors. This is that rejection of cigarette smoking. Although there are other within the Adventist population, vegetarian males are possible explanations, by far the likeliest are the effect of the substantially protected from coronary deaths as compared marked trend toward vegetarianism and probably an with nonvegetarians (this may also be true to a lesser extent increased involvement in physical activity. The reduced risk for females).9 for coronary disease in Adventists is not only an American Serum cholesterol levels in Adventists are found to be observation. Studies from both the Netherlands and Norway between 15 and 50 milligrams per deciliter lower than have reached similar conclusions. similarly aged and sexed non-Adventists. Very little

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 (977) 9 information is available on LDL and HDL cholesterols in Committee. This presents us with a rare opportunity to Adventists. A recent comparison of southern California male witness, and also to advance medical knowledge, using Adventists aged 35 to 55 years and their similarly aged widely accepted and proved methods. neighbors has found LDL cholesterol to be lower in the The Adventist mortality study mentioned earlier of 24,000 Adventists, but HDL cholesterols were also lower. Conse- California Adventist men and women is now 20 years old and quently, the ratio Total cholesterol (largely LDL choles- evaluated only fatal events. Yet it has been our major source terol)/HDL cholesterol, mentioned earlier, is identical in the of information. Adventist men and their neighbors. This also has been found Ten years ago another major epidemiological study of in some other low-risk populations, as it seems that HDL 60,000 Adventist Californians was initiated. This study is cholesterol may be lower when total fat consumption is now nearing the stage of providing results. Extensive lower, as in Adventists. information on both fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular One possible conclusion is that the much-touted diseases and cancers will soon be available. We will have the Total/HDL cholesterol ratio, which was derived in the capacity to dissect the interrelationships of social support and relatively high-risk usual American population, may not be education, along with diet, exercise, and a host of other applicable in the same way to populations having different factors possibly related to disease. Consequently, clearer explanations for the lower coronary disease rates in Adventists should be available. Preliminary indications are Among Adventists, vegetarian of a continued favorable experience, as compared with other males are substantially Californians, both for fatal and nonfatal coronary events. protected from coronary deaths Over the past 20 to 30 years the health habits of the average American have moved closer to those of Adventists, as compared with nonvegetarians. although a substantial gap still remains. This has been reflected in lower levels of blood cholesterol, probably lower dietary and risk factor patterns. It is also quite probable that levels of blood pressure, increased exercise, and decreased the dietary habits of Adventists have salutary effects beyond smoking in adult males at least. It should come as no that of low levels of serum cholesterol. Beneficial effects on surprise, then, to find reductions in coronary heart disease platelet function are a strong possibility. mortality for non-Adventists of 30 percent within 15 years. We have no evidence that blood pressures in southern Although other factors are probably also involved, it is California Adventists are any lower than normal. This difficult to dismiss the probability that the changes in diet, conclusion comes from a large study of both Adventist and exercise, and smoking have had substantial effect. non-Adventist children' and adults, and is also the We have been a very fortunate people, initially 120 years conclusion of the study of Adventist men and their ahead of our time. It would indeed be a tragedy if recent neighbors . debate over the Spirit of Prophecy in our church led to any This result is puzzling in view of published evidence from depreciation of this remarkable health advice. several randomized controlled trials suggesting that reducing Knowledgeable and highly motivated non-Adventists are saturated fats or assuming a vegetarian diet results in a fall in beginning to adopt optimal health practices with more blood pressure. The probably increased exercise habits of success than some of our own members. In this respect, 79 Adventists (as indicated by the study of Adventist men and percent of middle-aged California Adventist men report they their neighbors) also would be expected to result in modestly eat flesh foods more than once each week, and other health lowered blood pressures. recommendations are also accepted with varying degrees of We have no information on the salt consumption of enthusiasm. Adventists, but this urgently requires further investigation as No doubt some differences in interpretation are inevitable, a possible explanation. The various vegetarian protein foods but one cannot help wondering what remarkable statistics the so popular in the Adventist diet are nutritionally excellent. world would have to ponder if all Adventists had conserva- However, most have the drawback of being very salty, tive convictions. ❑ although this is not always apparent to the taste. Recently REFERENCES W. B. Kannel, "Role of Blood Pressure in Cardiovascular Disease. The manufacturers have made efforts to remedy this situation, Framingham Study," Angiology, 26(1975): I . 2 . "Update on the Role of Cigarette Smoking in Coronary Artery Disease," and we hope that they continue to improve their products in American Heart Journal, 101(1981):319. this regard. 3 . "The Role of Cholesterol in Coronary Atherogenesis," Medical Clinics of North America, 58(1974):363. Our studies at Loma Linda indicate that Adventist children 4 F. W. Ashley and W. B. Kannel, "Relation of Weight Change to Changes in display significantly more type A behavioral characteristics Atherogenic Traits: The Framingham Study," Journal of Chronic Diseases, 27(1974):103. than non-Adventist children, and preliminary results com- 5 Ibid. paring Adventist men to their neighbors show no differences 6 W. P. Castelli, R. D. Abbott, and P. M. McNamara, "Summary Estimates of Cholesterol Used to Predict Coronary Heart Disease," Circulation, 67(1983):730. for this variable. 7 J. I. Haft, "Role of Blood Platelets in Coronary Artery Disease," American The health status of Adventists raises many fascinating Journal of Cardiology, 43(1979): 1197 . 8 F. R. Lemon and R. T. Walden, "Death From Respiratory System Disease questions. Federal and other research funding agencies have Among Seventh-day Adventist Men," Journal of the American Medical Association, 198(1966):117. recognized this and have awarded several major research R. L. Phillips, F. R. Lemon, W. L. Beeson, and J. W. Kuzma, "Coronary Heart grants totaling several million dollars. They see this as an Disease Mortality Among Seventh-day Adventists With Differing Dietary Habits," American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 31, supp. (1978):5191. opportunity to study a unique group of people following or '° R. D. Harris, R. L. Phillips, P. M. William, J. W. Kuzma, and G. E. Fraser, exceeding cardiovascular health recommendations made by "The Child-Adolescent Blood Pressure Study. I. Distribution of Blood Pressure Levels in Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) and Non-SDA Children," American Journal both the American Heart Association and a Senate Select of Public Health, 71(1981):1342.

10 (978) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 Developments in cancer research

By ROBERT L. NUTTER

Why do Seventh-day Adventists large bowel, the breast, and the prostate gland in men) seem to be largely preventable by changes in dietary habits. have far less cancer than the rest A recent report from the American Cancer Society called of the population? How does recent for broad dietary changes to reduce the incidence of cancer. research into cancer underscore the The recommendations it contained were similar to those found in reports from the National Cancer Institute and the benefits of the Adventist lifestyle? National Academy of Sciences. In his article in USA Today' announcing the American Cancer Society report, Steven Findlay summarized these he front cover of the March issue of The Saturday recommendations in laymen's words as follows: TEvening Post declares, "Seventh-day Adventists Have "Eat less fat. Experts say fat in red meat and dairy Far Less Cancer." products increases risk of breast, colon, and prostate cancer. The article' to which these words refer describes some "Eat high-fiber foods daily. Fiber from whole-grain foods "basic concepts of healthful living" in which Seventh-day and fresh vegetables appears to cut the risk of stomach and Adventists received instruction from "an extraordinary colon cancer. woman named Ellen G. White." The author mentions her "Eat less salt-cured, smoked, and charcoal-broiled meat. denunciation of the use of alcohol and addictive drugs and Such meats increase the risk of stomach cancer. her description of tobacco as a most malignant poison, but "Eat foods rich in vitamin C—fruits and green vegeta- what he considers most remarkable were recommendations bles—and a type of vitamin A called beta-carotene, found in that appeared to be considerably ahead of their time. asparagus, cantaloupe, broccoli, carrots, spinach, and These counsels included promotion of a well-balanced tomatoes. They may prevent cancers of the lungs, esopha- diet, "before the phrase was even invented"; emphasis on gus, bladder, stomach, and throat. natural foods in season, "long before anyone was aware of "Increase consumption of foods in the cabbage family— the destructive effects of preservation"; advice against the broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, cabbage, turnips, use of meat, especially animal fat, "a century before and watercress. They contain chemicals that inhibit cancer." `cholesterol' and 'polyunsaturated' found their way into Each of these recommendations is based on the results of dictionaries"; and warning against refined foods, particu- hundreds of scientific studies. larly flour and sugar, "before scientists even suspected there The article in The Saturday Evening Post is only one were such things as 'vitamins' that could be destroyed in the example of hundreds, perhaps thousands, of such articles refining process." appearing in scientific journals and in the popular press in The eight "natural remedies" are also listed in the article, recent years. Articles that present scientific evidence for the one by one. The author concludes that adherence to these benefits of a lifestyle familiar to Adventists have increased in concepts is the reason for lower cancer incidence and frequency. increased longevity among Seventh-day Adventists. Even vegetarianism is losing the stigma it once had. Case When preliminary studies revealed that California in point: "The Veggie Baseball Team," published in the Seventh-day Adventists live longer than the average magazine section of Sunday newspapers across the country Californian (fewer of them die from coronary artery disease April 15, 1984, featured a Japanese team, the Lions, that and certain cancers),' scientists at the National Institutes of climbed from the cellar to first place, a rise attributed to a Health (NIH) became interested in learning how these switch to a sugar-free, vegetable, and soy diet. The Lions diseases correlate with lifestyles. won the Pacific League Championship and went on to win A result of their interest was financial support from the the Japan Series in both 1982 and 1983. The authors closed NIH for "The Adventist Health Study," a study of with "Food for thought, isn't it?" California Seventh-day Adventists. This large project, Much of the literature dealing with this newly emphasized directed by Dr. Roland Phillips and his colleagues at Loma lifestyle has been concerned with possible ways to decrease Linda University, has been under way for several years. the risk of developing cancer, the second-leading cause of Nearly 900,000 new cases of cancer occur each year in the death in the United States. United States. More than one third of these could be Two years ago a large paperback volume, Diet, Nutrition, prevented, it is estimated, if a few simple changes were made and Cancer, printed by the government-owned National in the average diet. Cancers of three organs in particular (the Academy Press,' presented an exhaustive review of the recent literature on the subject. Experts in the field, Robert L. Nutter is professor, departments of Microbiology appointed by the National Research Council, prepared the and Radiation Sciences, section of Radiation Oncology, volume. Loma Linda University. The public began asking for information of this kind when

ADVENTIST REVIEW. SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 (979) 11 Hilary Goon, X-ray technician at Washington Adventist Hospital, flashlight through his hand. When high-intensity light is passed Takoma Park, Maryland, uses a Spectrascan to direct high- through the breast, a computerized system transforms the intensity light through a patient's right breast. The camera various tissue densities into color images on the monitor. The mounted on the Spectrascan records the resulting image, which computer discerns areas of increased density, as is the case with is displayed on the monitor at the left. Spectrascan utilizes a cancerous growths. According to James Nelson, the hospital's technique described as multispectral transillumination, or chief of radiology, lite-scanning is an excellent screening de- lite-scanning, to detect the early stages of breast cancer without vice. He says, "Detecting breast cancer is extremely important radiation. Visible red and near-infrared light aids in the examina- to women when one in 11 in America experiences this disease. tion of breast tissue in the same way a child might shine a Early diagnosis can result in improved life expectancy." it learned that only one fourth of all fatal cancers in the fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is likely to avoid United States are attributable to cigarette smoking. Although excessive amounts of proteins as well as of fats. much is yet to be learned about the association between diet There is some evidence, in both epidemiological and and cancer, the National Research Council felt that it was animal studies, that the source of dietary protein may be "time to offer some interim guidelines" on this subject. This important. One source that, in low concentrations, appears to government publication was in response, then, to public restrict tumor development more than other sources is milk protein. (Because raw milk may contain disease-producing agents from the cows producing it, milk that is not pasteurized should be avoided.) It is estimated that more than It was recently shown' that people in the United States who one third of the new cancer cases drank low-fat milk or skim milk had significantly less cancer of the colon and rectum than did the average American. could be prevented if a few changes Similar results were obtained in a preliminary study in were made in the average diet. Northern Europe. These findings are supported by the results of experiments done with mice in the laboratories of the author, using three demand, and it contained recommendations for changes in different experimental systems.' I° In each case, laboratory the American diet. mice fed the low-fat, low-protein diet, in which milk was the Although the body of data is not as large as that relating to protein source, had the most consistently restricted tumor the effects of high-fat diets, there is indication that diets high growth. in protein tend to promote cancer more than those containing In a short article it is impossible to review all that has been lesser amounts. A diet containing generous amounts of learned about cancer. Two small books reviewing what one

12 (980) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 should know about cancer, written especially for the emerged. Each of the human oncogenes was identical, or layperson, are available in Adventist Book Centers." 12 nearly so, to one of the 20 viral oncogenes! That result had Since these books were written, however, new informa- significant implications. tion has appeared that may provide a scientific basis for the Applying the same techniques, investigators next turned health principles now being recommended from many their attention to noimal human cells from corresponding different quarters. This information will be briefly reviewed. organs. For example, if tumor tissue examined previously Scientists have discovered that eating certain foods lowers was from a bladder tumor, the scientists now looked at the risk of developing cancer and eating other foods increases normal bladder cells. this risk, but they do not understand, at present, why this is The results were so surprising that our ideas about cancer so. This information may soon be within reach, however. New techniques that allow researchers to isolate small pieces of genetic material from one group of cells and observe their The genetic material of each effects after inserting them into other cells have led to some exciting discoveries. normal noncancer cell contains Many tumors in animals have been shown to be caused by the same gene found in its viruses, some by viruses that contain only DNA (deoxyribo- corresponding cancer cell! nucleic acid) genetic material, and others by viruses that contain only RNA (ribonucleic acid) genetic material. Sometimes when an animal cell is infected with one of these have been completely changed. The genetic material of each viruses it is transformed into a cancer cell that may develop normal noncancer cell contains the same gene found in its into a tumor, unless it is destroyed by the immune system. corresponding cancer cell! Therefore, this gene is also Nothing but infection with the virus appears to be necessary similar to one of the viral oncogenes. in the transformation process. In a human cell, however, the In fact, these viral oncogenes seem to have their origin in transformation process is complicated and seems to occur in cellular genes. In normal cells these genes were given the several steps. Factors other than the virus appear to be name "proto-oncogenes" to reflect the belief that presum- involved." ably there were subtle differences between them and the Earlier research has shown that some DNA-containing oncogenes that accounted for the differences between normal viruses (two or three in the herpes virus group and hepatitis B and cancer cells.' 15 virus) appear to play a role in some human cancers. But the As we look at the cancer problem it now seems only a most exciting developments center upon recent findings small number of mechanisms may be involved in tumor concerning the tumor-causing, RNA-containing viruses that production even though cancer may properly be looked at as exchange their RNA for equivalent DNA when they infect a more than 100 diseases. cell. Before we attempt to decide how these latest develop- Upon infection of a normal cell with one of these viruses, a ments may be related to the effects dietary factors have on small segment of this genetic material, a specific "gene," is cancer, let us consider two questions. responsible for transforming that cell into a cancer cell, but First, what role could the proto-oncogenes possibly have ONLY when it is inserted into the hereditary material (DNA) in the normal cell? Although at this point their exact role is of that cell. Transformation can occur even when the viral not certain, indications are that they are somehow involved gene has been physically separated from the other genetic in regulating the growth of cells, perhaps at certain stages of material of the virus. development. Evidence for this was recently obtained when By comparing cancer genes found in many different it was found that in normal cells the gene for producing an tumor-causing viruses, about 20 viral cancer genes have important cell growth factor (one that helps wounds to heal) been identified. These cancer genes have also been called is nearly identical to one of the viral oncogenes.16 "oncogenes," using the same prefix as in "oncology," the Therefore, to learn that our cells contain proto-oncogenes study of cancer. Each of these viral oncogenes is somewhat should not frighten us. different from the others in its makeup and specific Second, how do oncogenes arise and transform the cells characteristics, but there are similarities, and each viral into cancer cells? Although it would be difficult to determine oncogene can transform a normal cell into a cancer cell. where the oncogenes came from, they may appear at least Therefore, every tumor-causing, RNA-containing virus three ways (point mutation, gene amplification, and chromo- carries one of the 20 different oncogenes. somal rearrangement), in addition to the possibility of being Now that a brief background has been presented, we are in brought in by retrovirus infection. In point mutation in the a position to look at the recent discoveries made possible by proto-oncogene a small segment of the gene is exchanged for new research techniques. another. Investigators took cells from an individual human cancer It is quite likely that chemical carcinogens and excessive and looked for, and found, the gene responsible for their radiation make their contributions to the transformation of cancerous state. Scientists from a number of laboratories, normal cells to cancer cells in this way. performing similar studies with different human cancers, It was mentioned previously that in human cancer there is were able to isolate and characterize individual genes probably more than one step in the process of transformation responsible for several tumors. of a normal cell to a cancer cell, and that environmental When they compared these oncogenes with one another factors may be involved in some of these steps. When we and with each of the viral oncogenes, a striking pattern consider environmental factors, we are most likely to think

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 (981) 13 of exposure to chemical carcinogens or radiation. The way in which they may fit into this new oncogene picture has just FOR THE YOUNGER SET been mentioned. For most of us, however, the environmental factors with which we will be most involved will be dietary ones. How do dietary factors fit into the oncogene theory of the cancer puzzle? The most direct answer is that we do not yet know. On the strength of what information we do have, we may speculate, and as new discoveries are made we may find that we made Thank you, Mr. Kijak-1 some good guesses. By LAURA J. HEINSMAN It is likely that, depending on their nature, dietary factors act at one stage or another of the transformation process. When I was 4 years old "I don't have on a bathing Certain factors probably act at the same stage as do chemical our church had a picnic by a suit," I yelled. carcinogens or radiation, causing the mutation of proto- big lake in the park. Lots of "That's OK; your sunsuit oncogenes to oncogenes. people were swimming that will do. Come on." On the other hand, factors found in members of the day, and it made me want to I put my flowers down in a cabbage family may change potential carcinogens into swim, but I couldn't go in shady place and started harmless molecules. Still other dietary factors may express because my mother had told walking toward the lake, me, "I don't want you to go forgetting both Mother's and their activity only after cells have been transformed into anywhere near the water. Grandma's warnings. cancer cells. Here again, dietary factors may either be It's very deep and danger- "Ooh! The water's harmful or helpful. Harmful ones may promote the continued ous. You could drown." cold," I shivered. multiplication of cancer cells once they have formed; helpful After lunch Grandma took "That's OK," coaxed my ones may help to limit the growth of the transformed cells or me for a walk. I loved to go friend. "It gets warmer as even help to destroy them. One way in which they may do on walks with her. We had you come out deeper." this is through the body's immune system. such fun picking flowers and Deeper, I thought, As more scientific discoveries are reported on mechanisms finding pretty stones. remembering what Mother involved in cancer, we may appreciate more than ever the "Oh, hello," Grandma had said: "It's very deep and instructions in healthful living that have been part of our truly said. dangerous. You could I looked up and saw one of drown." Those words remarkable heritage. Knowing the rules of healthful living is her friends. struck me, but I brushed important, but of real benefit only as the knowledge is put to "Lori, be good while we them off. ❑ practice in the life. talk. Don't wander away," The water did get warmer Grandma said. and more and more inviting. "OK," I mumbled, col- Before long it was over my REFERENCES lecting pretty flowers while I head. 1 John Cook, "A Church Whose Members Have Less Cancer," The Saturday Evening Post, March, 1984, pp. 40-42, 108. waited. Being under water was 2 Roland L. Phillips, "Role of Life-style and Dietary Habits in Risk of Cancer All of a sudden I found fun at first. I wiggled my Among Seventh-Day Adventists," Cancer Research, 35(1975):3513-3522. 3 Irving Wallace, David Wallechinsky, and Amy Wallace, "Signifies"; "The myself by the lake. I must toes and blew bubbles, but Veggie Baseball Team," Parade, April 15, 1984. have wandered over there suddenly I realized that it Committee on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council, Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer (Washington, D.C.: National while I was picking flowers. was impossible to breathe Academy Press, 1982). I didn't think Grandma down there, so I decided to 5 Steven Findlay, "New Diet Guidelines to Prevent Cancer," USA Today, April, would mind; after all, she come up for air. That's when 1984. 6 H. C. Lyko, T. Aldrich, and J. X. Hartmann, "Epidemiological Survey of could still see me. I remembered that I didn't Lactose Digestion and Consumption of Dietary Fat in Relation to Breast and Large "Lori!" called a friend. know how to swim. Bowel Cancer," F5, Abstracts of National Large Bowel Cancer Project Workshop, June 23-26, 1983, Houston, Texas. "Come on in. It's fun!" To be continued 7 Daila S. Gridley, James D. Kettering, Constante D. Garaza, Melba L. Andres, James M. Slater, and Robert L. Nutter, "Modification of Herpes 2-transformed Cell-induced Tumors in Mice Fed Different Sources of Protein, Fat, and Carbohydrate," Cancer Letters, 17(1982): 161-173 . Robert L. Nutter, Daila S. Gridley, James D. Kettering, David L. Drexler, and James M. Slater, "Different Weekly Changes in Immune Responses in Virus-trans- formed Cell-injected Mice Fed Two Different Diets," Cancer Letters, 17(1982):175- 185. 9 Robert L. Nutter, Daila S. Gridley, James D. Kettering, Melba L. Andres, Raydolfo M. Aprecio, and James M. Slater, "Modification of a Transplantable Colon Tumor and Immune Responses in Mice Fed Different Sources of Protein, Fat, and Carbohydrate," Cancer Letters, 18(1983):49-62. Daila S. Gridley, James D. Kettering, James M. Slater, and Robert L. Nutter, "Modification of Spontaneous Mammary Tumors in Mice Fed Different Sources of Protein, Fat, and Carbohydrate,- Cancer Letters 19(1983):133-146. 11 George Javor, The Challenge of Cancer (Nashville, Tenn.: Southern Pub. Assn., 1980). 12 Robert L. Nutter, Cancer (Washington, D.C.: Review and Herald Pub. Assn., 1981). 13 John Higginson, "Cancer: Progress and Prospects VIII—The Face of Cancer Worldwide," Hospital Practice, November, 1983, pp. 145-149, 153-157. 14 J. Michael Bishop, "Cancer Genes Come of Age," Cell, 32(1983):1018-1020. 15 Robert A. Weinberg, "A Molecular Basis of Cancer," Scientific American, November, 1983, pp. 126-128, 136, 138-140, 142. 16 Russell F. Doolittle, Michael W. Hankapiller, Leroy E. Hood, Sushilkumar G. Devare, Keith C. Robbins, Stuart A. Aaronson, and Harry N. Antoniades, "Simian Sarcoma Virus Onc Gene, v-sis, Is Derived From the Gene (or Genes) Encoding a Platelet-derived Growth Factor," Science, 221(July 15, 1983):275-277.

14 (982) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 Adventists push the scientific frontiers of nutrition Interview by R. BRUCE WILCOX with U. D. REGISTER

In the ongoing scientific study ministers are more interested in nutrition today than they were when I came into the church. We probably have more of nutrition, old myths become vegetarian ministers today than we had earlier. This may be unraveled. Scientific breakthroughs owing to the results and influence of the Adventist Health present challenges in the Study, and to more talks on nutrition at camp meetings. As Dr. Mervyn Hardinge and I and others have gone to several study of the vegetarian diet. camp meetings every summer, we have noticed that as scientific information verifies Ellen White's writings, more church members, and especially ministers, are choosing a Wilcox: When you came into my office today you said, meatless diet. "Let's talk about the scientific aspects of nutrition." Tell What facts in Ellen White's writings have been verified us the changes you have noticed in eating patterns in the while you have been in the nutrition field? United States and in the Adventist Church during the When I first went into nutrition back in 1941 as a food time you have been involved in nutrition. chemist for Madison Foods, the Dietetic Association felt that Register: We don't have adequate data on Seventh-day Adventists. In some places in the United States I think a larger percentage of Adventists are using meat now than they did when I came into the church in 1938, though most Seventh-day Adventists are not eating as much meat as the U.S. population. And Adventists are using less eggs and less whole milk. With the fiber craze that has developed, more Adventists are using whole-grain breads and cereals, thus increasing the fiber in their diet. I believe I have noticed the decrease in milk and egg use. I think they have received a lot of bad publicity in the press. The general population definitely is eating less eggs and whole milk. There have been a number of popular articles in magazines concerning relationships between saturated fat and cholesterol intake and certain diseases. This has had an effect on the diet of Adventists as well as the general population. I understand you never wanted to get up and preach to anybody, but I'm sure you have preached to more Adventist audiences than a lot of preachers have. I've spoken at almost every camp meeting in the United States and Canada. To more than 10,000 at the Oregon and Michigan camp meetings. Do you see any particular change in the interest in nutrition among Adventists over the years you've been going around to these camp meetings? Yes, very definitely. The people who go to camp meetings are very interested in nutrition. I believe that Adventist

U. D. Register, Ph.D., is chairman of the Department of Nutrition at Loma Linda University's School of Health, Loma Linda, California. He has taught at the university since 1951, after receiving a doctorate in biochemistry from After scientifically demonstrating the University of Wisconsin in 1950. R. Bruce Wilcox, to the world the adequacy of a Ph .D ., is professor of biochemistry in the School of Medicine vegetarian diet, Dr. Register and his at Loma Linda University. He has been teaching at the University since 1965 and continues work in the area of research group helped raise it hormones and cancer research. to the level of respectability.

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 (983) 15 one had to have meat in his or her diet to have good health, of diet we now use, such as milk and cream and eggs; but my and a large percentage of other organizations believed message is that you must not bring yourself to a time of similarly. We tried to have an internship at the White trouble beforehand, and thus afflict yourself with death. Wait Memorial Hospital approved by the American Dietetic till the Lord prepares the way before you." Association. The ADA wouldn't give approval primarily Of course, the results of Dr. Hardinge's study were based because we didn't recommend the use of meat in the diet. upon taking diet histories, then calculating from tables of There was a definite feeling among the nutrition scientists food composition, which is not fully acceptable by certain of the day that a meatless diet was not adequate. Of course, nutrition scientists to determine the adequacy of a diet. So we we were given this counsel in Counsels on Diet and Foods, felt a need to study the quantity and quality of protein in the page 92: "Fruits, grains, and vegetables, prepared in a diet, first in animals and then in human subjects. simple way, free from spice and grease of all kinds, make, By studying the supplementary relationships of plant with milk or cream, the most healthful diet. They impart proteins, we found by rat growth assay that animals on the nourishment to the body, and give a power of endurance and total vegetarian diet did as well as those on the lactovege- a vigor of intellect that are not produced by a stimulating tarian or the meat diet. When we took the Loma Linda diet." Hospital diet, which is a lacto-ovovegetarian diet, and fed it When I first came to Loma Linda in 1951, Dr. Hardinge to animals, they grew just as well on that diet as they did was conducting his studies in California on nonvegetarians, when we substituted meat in the place of the meat analogs. lactovegetarians, and total vegetarians. He found that with Thus by growth assay we found that the meat analogs and the the exception of vitamin B,„ even the total vegetarians were milk and eggs that were in a lacto-ovovegetarian diet could getting an adequate quantity of protein in their diet, as well as replace the meat without any problem as far as quality and other nutrients, and when amino acid analyses were done, quantity of proteins were concerned. they were obtaining more than the recommended allowance We then did some biological value studies and compared of essential amino acids. The recommended allowances are the biological value of proteins in meatless meal patterns 100 percent above the minimum requirement. with similar meal patterns containing meat. Again there was At that time, what areas did you feel needed exploring? no significant difference. Number one was a study on the distribution of vitamin B 1, The next method we tried was nitrogen balance studies. in foods. Our studies at Wisconsin indicated that B12 was not We took the level of protein halfway between the found in vegetarian foods we tested. When I came to Loma recommended allowance for men and women and fed diets Linda we analyzed more than 100 vegetarian foods and could with that protein level to students here on the campus—total not find a trace of vitamin B,, in any of them. vegetarian, nonvegetarian, and lactovegetarian diets. The In Counsels on Diet and Foods, page 206, caution was students maintained positive nitrogen balance on all of the given on the premature dispensing of milk from the diet, as diets, indicating by that method the protein in all diets was death may result—suggesting the lack of a nutrient, vitamin adequate. B12, in a total vegetarian diet, but present in milk. "The time Did you then do further studies on the adequacy of will come when we may have to discard some of the articles protein in a vegetarian diet? Yes. We did what is called a modified essential amino acid index, taking the essential amino acids in the diets and calculating the biological value. Not only were these diets adequate in essential amino acids, but they contained more than twice the minimum requirements of essential amino acids, and the quantity of total protein as well above the recommended allowance. Publishing these studies aided in completely changing the attitude of the American Dietetic Association. An incident of interest that probably spearheaded this whole program of acceptance by the ADA was a request from the State public health nutritionists. They said, "We have a group of pregnant 'hippie' women around San Francisco, and we don't know how to recommend to them an adequate diet. Can you come to our State meeting and tell us how?" I gave a two-hour discussion on all our research at Loma Linda University and gave them a vegetarian packet to study. We were deluged by requests for those packets. We were sending them free, but finally we said, "We will go broke if we don't make a charge for them." And luckily we did, for we have sent out more than 50,000 vegetarian packets. Is this a diet? Well, this packet includes research reprints, other nutrition information, and diet patterns. It includes a 14-day Once dietitians and nutritionists learned that a well-planned vegetarian diet is nutritionally adequate, they have been lactovegetarian diet with instructions for changing to a total much less prejudiced toward it, according to Dr. Register. vegetarian diet. Caution is given to make sure the reader

16 (984) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 ONE PERSON HEALING ANOTHER THREE MILLION TIMES A YEAR Serving the Great Healer for 118 years. For more information, please write at111o1, Adventist Adventist Health System, 2400 Bedford Road, Orlando, Florida 32803. Health System

A Way of Caring. A Way of Life. obtains an adequate quantity of vitamin B,,. We made up a meaning and validity if verified by research experiments. "hippie" diet as well as a diet for people who have adequate Just to give one example, a 20-year follow-up of that study facilities for cooking. revealed that twice as many Seventh-day Adventist men and Did anything further develop from this acceptance by women who use meat daily were obese as compared with the American Dietetic Association of a lactovegetarian lactovegetarian Seventh-day Adventists. Obesity was diet? defined as 30 percent overweight or above. Yes, as a result of this meeting we were asked to give a talk That is really against the common idea that meat is a at the Michigan, California, Massachusetts, and American good thing to eat so you won't gain weight. dietetic associations. There were more than 4,000 people in And not only that, but the death rate from diabetes of those the audience at New Orleans for the ADA meetings. We also Adventists who eat meat daily as compared with lactovege- spoke to the California State Department of Health. tarians was about three times greater in this study. This Interest in vegetarian diets spread like wildfire. We difference may be partly related to the obesity, or to worked with the Medix TV program and received more than something entirely different. In early studies on diabetes in 4,000 requests for additional information about the vegetar- Europe, a closer relationship was found between fat intake ian diet. We spoke for two hours to an audience of 1,200 at and diabetes than sugar intake. A high-fat—high-meat—diet San Diego State University and 600 at California State tends to more obesity, diabetes, and abnormal fat metabo- University at San Luis Obispo, and several of us spoke to lism. For designing experiments, this problem in vegetarian groups at UCLA and UC at Davis. Adventists would be an interesting area of research. Another observation is that Seventh-day Adventist men between 45 and 64 years of age who use meat daily as compared with lactovegetarians have three times the death Seventh-day Adventist men rate from heart disease. between 45 and 64 years of age That ought to make us think. Yes. And in women and men from 45 through the age of who use meat daily as compared 84 there was a 50 percent greater death rate from heart with lactovegetarians have disease. I think we would do well to follow up these studies. three times the death rate These studies also revealed a relationship of certain foods to various cancers that we should investigate further. from heart disease. I would like to do a very difficult study, but I don't know how to attack it. We have total vegetarians who have been on that diet for some 15 to 20 years and still have normal blood The ADA asked us to prepare a study guide for dietitians, vitamin B1, levels. There are some who develop pernicious to provide continuing education credit. Later they asked us to anemia blood levels of vitamin B,, in three or four years. prepare some guidelines for the vegetarian diet that has been What is the difference? If there is bacterial synthesis in the published in the ADA journal. Also the National Academy of gastrointestinal (GI) tract, how much is absorbed? What are Sciences asked us to prepare a statement on the vegetarian factors that will alter bacterial synthesis? diet, since they have many requests for information on that Before 1950 we were working with monkeys. When we subject. fed them significant amounts of vitamin C and folic acid, That's really been a major change in the way dietitians they synthesized about three to four times as much vitamin and nutritionists think in this country. B12. How much of that was absorbed I don't know. But it is It really has. It's brought a complete change in thinking. also significant that the rabbit, guinea pig, and the horse, Once they learned that a well-planned vegetarian diet is which are monogastric animals, use a lot of green leafy nutritionally adequate, they have been much less prejudiced vegetables that are high in folic acid and vitamin C and fiber. toward it. But now it's accepted by them, and the ADA feels Intestinal bacteria can easily synthesize enough vitamin a responsibility to be able to give people sound nutritional B1, to satisfy the nutritional requirements of these animals. It knowledge in the diet lifestyle they choose. If people are may be that if people used more green leafy vegetables in going to be vegetarians, let's not try to change them, but let's their diet and more fiber, they might be able to synthesize give them the best diet that is available. their B1, needs. Now that it's widely accepted that the vegetarian diet is To design an experiment to study the relationship of diet to adequate for good health, what areas of nutrition bacterial synthesis in the GI tract and to measure degrees of research would you like to see Loma Linda do? absorption by following radioactive vitamin B1, in the urine As you know, since 1960 the Adventist Health Study has and blood might give us some clues to this problem. been following the health status of about 24,000 men and What concluding statement would you like to make? women (12,000 vegetarian men and women and 12,000 Certainly the statement in Counsels to Parents and nonvegetarian men and women). The researchers have been Teachers, page 426, is appropriate for us today: "God is the studying possible diet and lifestyle factors in relation to author of science. Scientific research opens to the mind vast cancer and other diseases. This past year they published 15 or fields of thought and information, enabling us to see God in more papers on the results of this study. To me this is a His created works. . . . Rightly understood, science and the wealth of information that we could use to design written word agree, and each sheds light on the other. experiments using the epidemiological data as clues. Together they lead us to God, by teaching us something of Results of epidemiological studies would have more the wise and beneficent laws through which He works." ❑

18 (986) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 Not all colleges study the same great minds...

41 '

\ ' Christ Ellen G. White Aristotle Mardi ~~ . ut er :

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Bach Albert Einstein Jonas Salk Aiadairte Curie

Andrews University Oakwood College Michigan Alabama Atlantic Union College Pacific Union College ristotle, Einstein, Bach . . . the great Massachusetts California minds of history are the heart of any good college Canadian Union College Southern College of education. Part of the thrill of college is meeting Alberta, Canada Seventh-day Adventists Tennessee these men and women in the classroom and in the Columbia Union College library. For in our past are the clues to our present Maryland Southwestern Adventist College Texas and the keys to our future. Kettering College of Medical Arts Union College Literature, chemistry, physics, foreign lan- Ohio Nebraska guages, history, anthropology, applied business stud- Loma Linda University Walla Walla College ies and the applied sciences are all a part of any good California Washington college or university curriculum. You can find them all at an Adventist institution Seventh-day Adventist Colleges. —or at a good public college or university. Who won't you meet in a public college class- A World of Difference. room? And who will you always meet in the Advent- ist classroom? Jesus, Ellen G. White and modern-day Yes. Send me more information about choosing a college, Adventist scholars who bring the spirituality of right away. There is no obligation. Adventism to bear on the studies of traditional and Name modern academic disciplines. Address That's the true measure of value of an Adventist City State Zip college education. That's why a public college expe- rience can never be a complete education. Career Field Find out more about how an Adventist college Mail to: Board of Higher Education, General Conference of Seventh-day Adventist, 6840 Eastern Avenue, NW.. education can be arranged for you — or someone Washington, DC 20012. near you. Send the coupon at right today. FAMILY LIVING

the camp director called for those who wanted to be baptized. In the weeks to follow we listened for evidence that this was A celebration your personal decision for Jesus, not just one influenced by the tide of your peers. But it surfaced again and again—at the to remember Colon evangelistic meetings, in church, at home—wherever the opportunity presented itself, you said it again. "I We wanted your baptismal day understand about Jesus, and I want to be baptized." to be one you could never forget. Your personal decision for baptism is one more indication that the days of your childhood are numbered. Now you stand on the brink of adolescence; independence and adulthood lie just beyond. Your questions have matured from "How did God make worms so they could breathe underground?" to "What is God like?" Maybe someday By KAREN M. FLOWERS you will ask, "How do you know there is a God?" May He help us to find answers that will preserve your simple, lit is a Pollyanna moment. A time when parental bifocals are childlike faith. 1 laid aside and a mother neither notices the splinters of As you stood up to play the violin before your baptism imperfection in her child's eye nor worries much about the more pictures tumbled through my mind: The baseball game planks in her own. Day-by-day tensions, misunderstandings, last summer when you caught every ball that came near and family discords dim to background hues. Problems of the center field. Teacher smiling approval as she looked over past and present, even challenges of the future, are awash your excellently written and illustrated report on New with a rosy tint of pure joy. For this moment all's right with Brunswick. Great-grammy acting like a celebrity because the world. her grandson was playing the violin for the nursing home on Christmas Day. A row of angelic faces—you and your friends singing Sanctus with the treble choir, bringing Dear Jeff: heaven closer. The special friendship that has developed Your baptism on Sabbath provided one of the most special between you and Alvin even though he's crippled and three moments of our lives. The picture of you and Daddy wrapped times your age. Your phone talks with Paul and Ted about the tightly in each other's arms after he brought you up out of the meaning of forgiveness. water etched itself forever in my memory, becoming one in a God has a great work for you to do, Jeff. He's using you to series of pictures that ran through my mind throughout the bless others even now. Already your spiritual gifts are service. emerging—gifts of caring, peacemaking, friendship, spiri- You were such a precious baby! I had to smile as I tual insight, and the ability to express clearly your thoughts remembered our first Sabbath together. You nuzzled so and feelings. close, quietly tugging at my breast, peeking up at me out of It was thoughtful of the pastor to ask your Junior Sabbath one eye now and then while I gave you a Bible study! I told school leader to preach at your baptism. The tape of his you all about God and Satan, and how Jesus became our message will preserve perhaps the only sermon that will be Saviour. You slept through most of it in quiet contentment addressed personally to you until you stand before the and trust. But I felt better. minister on your wedding day. I liked his thoughts on This weekend, looking at the pictures that chronicle your baptism as an anointing for service. Your father and I life since that day, we hoped you had come to understand promised God anew that we would be more diligent in Jesus' words: "Except a man be born again, he cannot see affirming that which you do well. We want to provide the kingdom of God." "Except ye be converted, and opportunities for you to serve even now in our home, in the become as little children, ye shall not enter into the kingdom church, in our neighborhood, helping you to discover how of heaven" (John 3:3; Matt. 18:3). you can someday serve the world in Jesus' name. We could hardly wait for you to talk! With pride we We wanted your baptismal day to be one you could never recorded in your baby book the 31 words you could say on forget—the beginning of a life of rejoicing in the Lord, a day your birthday. But never were your words more exciting to of memories that would always remind you of your decision. us than when you got home from junior camp last summer The pastor came on Friday nights for studies to be sure you and told us you had gone to the front Sabbath morning when understood what it means to be a Seventh-day Adventist Christian. For you it was a preparation for baptism. For Mom Karen M. Flowers is assistant director in the Home and and Dad it became a time to commit our lives again to Jesus Family Service of the General Conference. and to pray for you and for us as your parents. For your

20 (988) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984

...... : . . . ...

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As a reminder of his baptism, ...... • .... • • Jeff's mother made a cross-stitch • ...... ..... . ...... .... .. :7 .. picture for him. younger brother Jon it was a foretaste of good things to come. Today I fingered through the scrapbook that records your In the middle of our messy living room you looked at big day, reading the Bible passages and thoughts from each Daddy and me and commented, "I think we might have member present. I read the account of your day that filled The bitten off more than we can chew!" But somehow it seemed Family Journal, the church's weekly newsletter. Obviously right to clean, paint, and redecorate a bit for the occasion. the baptism of one of its young people is an event to be We hoped that even in your everyday surroundings the cherished by the whole congregation. I lingered over the freshness and newness of your rebirth in Christ might be felt. pictures—you opening cards and gifts from friends and loved Grandmas and grandpas, aunts and uncles, and cousins ones. Your radiant faces as you and pastor walked up the stayed with us so they too might welcome you to the family center aisle at the close of the service, the cake you served at of God. fellowship luncheon after church. I appreciated our pastor's joining for the family celebra- If from our celebration you can remember only the words tion Friday night. We couldn't have been more pleased with on the cake, you will remember the most important thing: your choice of Uncle Dan and Miss Sue as your spiritual "For God so loved Jeff, that He gave His only Son!" That, guardians. They all love you too, Jeff.' You have many who my son, is worth a celebration to be remembered forever! care to turn to when you need to talk. Love, Mom

ADVENTIST REVIEW. SEPTEMBER 20. 1984 (989) 21 FROM THE EDITORS

incredible, awesome, and unbeliev- The incredible able may be acceptable words to Monarch flights describe our century so far, then so is happening are the words isolation, loneliness, In the August, 1976, National fear, discouragement, disparity, Geographic Canadian zoologist Since the turn of the century the and yes, even hunger. Fred A. Urquhart wrote a report human race has made great strides We have been able to come up about monarch butterfly migration forward. Twentieth-century scien- with the technology to create com- entitled "Found at Last: the Mon- tific, medical, and industrial puters that process more than 10 arch's Winter Home." achievements have exceeded the million instructions per second. But In his article Dr. Urquhart most precocious dreams of nine- we have been unable to channel our observed that "monarch migration teenth-century futurists. resources into stopping the decline is a marvelously intricate pattern of Words are barely adequate to in meaningful personal relation- behavior, baffling in many of its as- describe our explosive progress. ships and the inherent side effects pects. This butterfly has long been Unbelievable and incredible must of such a decline. In fact, our known to travel great distances, be among words chosen for an "progress" surely has aided the somewhat as birds do, on a round attempted description, for indeed decline. trip keyed to seasonal changes the incredible is happening. The fast-moving gadgets and and the reproductive cycle. . . . We have sent men to the moon, consumer products of our time cap- "Some monarchs flying south in split atoms, divided DNA, and ture the attention of children and the fall return to their summer placed computers in the hands of adults alike. We like them and breeding grounds . . . though none children. We have virtually elimi- enjoy them. And where would our ever survive longer than a year." nated many historically lethal dis- church be without the new tools of In 1937 Dr. Urquhart began eases and have lengthened the aver- communication? These new instru- experimenting with tagging the age life span. ments have aided tremendously the monarch found in the Eastern We have reduced intercontinental continuing advance of the gospel United States and Canada (the west- trips to a few hours, and at the flick message. ern monarch migrates to the Cali- of a switch, not a match, comes fornia coast) in order to discover the instant light. Unconquered need object of its long flight. On January We have the ability to visit Yet a historic need still remains 9, 1975, a colleague, Ken Bragger, vicariously through television all unconquered. It may drive us back called Dr. Urquhart with the excit- the news events of the day or travel to an old-fashioned solution. ing news that he had found the spot, to Africa, the bottom of the ocean, The need is to be loved by some 20 acres in the Sierra Madre or outer space, all while we quietly someone human, warm and caring, Mountains of Mexico. eat our dinners at home. in a personal relationship. The solu- It is awesome to think that this The incredible is happening! We tion that will never be outdated in "fragile, wind-tossed scrap of life are experiencing it. We are sur- any advanced age is the personal can find its way (only once!) across rounded by it. We are physically sharing of our Christian love prairies, deserts, mountain valleys, pampered by it all. • through meaningful relationships. It even cities, to this remote pinpoint Yet, somehow, sometime, we is the salve for the turmoil and hurts on the map of Mexico." Awesome must pause to ask ourselves of this century, much as it was the to think that God is so particular whether we are really comforted by soother of wounds nearly 2,000 about ordering even this small all the progress. years ago, and beyond. It was He detail of His vast creation. Enthralled? Yes. who gave not gadgets or gifts, but God's willingness to set instincts Awed? Yes. of His moments of time. His per- into the butterfly's being to Fully comforted? No. sonally imparted love brought joy, ensure its survival against the ele- For with all the ingenious twenti- cheer, relief, hope, happiness. ments, His care for something eth-century progress, nothing has I would submit for your continu- much tinier than the sparrow Christ yet been created as a replacement ing consideration Jesus' way of mentioned, seem to point conclu- for loving, caring people. It has ministering. It is an incredibly sim- sively to an infinitely greater will- only deepened the need for them. If ple method for a church ministering ingness to care for people, who can in an incredibly complex age. respond to Him with understanding M. K. W. love. A. A. S.

22 (990) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 WORLDVIEW

ents to hide their nonsighted find a job. Often they are 40 million blind people: children from their neighbors, thought to be -without souls." keeping them uncared-for and Frequently they are called dogs a challenge to all Christians uneducated in the back room. and treated as such. And in Most of the visually disabled in some countries, blind newborns By KURT BAN GERT the Third World sit at home or are killed by their parents before beg in the streets. anyone knows of their handi- Because of high unemploy- cap. The facts are grim: There are deficiency, a common side ment in most of these countries, Take Mathayo, for instance, 40 million blind people around effect of chronic hunger. "Hun- the blind usually are the last to the octogenarian from one of the the world. ger blindness" can be pre- Forty million blind people— vented: It takes only a handful almost twice the population of of vitamin A capsules worth a Canada. An incredibly large few cents. figure. But statistics do not Onchocerciasis, known also weep; numbers do not tell the as river blindness, is prevalent whole story; figures fail to near the riverbeds of West convey moods. Africa. Twenty million people Forty million blind people. are thought to be troubled by That means a personal experi- this dreadful disease, for which ence of shattered hopes, disap- an effective cure has not been pointments, sadness, and help- found. River blindness is

lessness multiplied 40 million caused by infant worms known TY times. But it also can mean as microfilariae, which enter the regained joy, renewed trust and human body through the bite of confidence, new hope, and even the blackfly. In some villages of independence. the sub-Saharan region, half of Most of these blind people the population has become would still see if treatment had blind, with no chance of ever been given in time. Many still seeing again. could be cured if funds and Cataract blindness is the most personnel were available. And common cause of visual loss in unless great efforts are put forth elderly people. Although it can to prevent the spread of eye be treated easily with a fairly disease, the number of blind simple eye operation lasting Andrews archeology team men, women, and children may only a few minutes, millions of reach 100 million by the turn of those blinded by cataract remain discovers ancient seal the century. in darkness either because they Andrews University's newly opened archeological excavation at At present, 400 million peo- do not know there is a cure or Tell el-Umeiri in Jordan recently yielded its first significant find ple suffer from trachoma, the because they are too poor to pay when Lloyd Willis, of Spicer College in India, discovered the seal so-called "Egyptian eye dis- for the operation or the long impression of the prime minister of Baalis, an Ammonite king until ease," the most common of all journey to the hospital. Of the 9 now known only in the Bible (Jer. 40:14). eye illnesses. If not cured, million blind in India, at least 2 This is the first extra-Biblical reference to this monarch who trachoma will ultimately lead to million need not be blind one reigned over central Jordan about 600 B.c. , according to Lawrence blindness. It is caused mainly day longer. An operation would T. Geraty, professor of archeology and history of antiquity at the by poor hygiene and lack of restore their sight. Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary at Andrews. water. When detected early, it Blindness is a disability of the The expedition's chief archeologist, Larry Herr, of the Seventh- can be cured with a simple eye poor. Lack of food, money, day Adventist Theological Seminary (Far East) and Peter Erhard, ointment. sanitation, water, health ser- associate professor of art at Andrews, collaborated on the Around the world, at least vices, and education are the preliminary drawing of the seal. 100,000 children become blind underlying causes for most In addition to pottery, flints, and the seal impression, many other each year because of vitamin A cases of blindness. What is objects have been found, including a cylinder seal, a clasp equally deplorable: Nowhere somewhat resembling a safety pin, arrowheads, fragments of Kurt Bangert is an Adventist does lack of eyesight have more pottery containing inscriptions, human and animal figurines, and working at Christoffel Blinden- bitter consequences than in the pieces of jewelry. mission' s international head- poverty-stricken countries of According to Geraty, these surface finds suggest that Tel quarters in Bensheim, West the Third World. el-Umeiri will yield a rich harvest of interesting data as the Germany. Prejudice causes many par- excavation continues. REBECCA MAY

ADVENTIST REVIEW. SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 (991) 23 smaller Comoro islands (off the the rural areas and rehabilitate formed more than 70,000 sight- for outstanding service to coun- eastern coast of Africa) where them in their respective environ- saving and more than 100,000 try and community. there is no hospital, no dispen- ment, without removing them sight-restoring operations. The G. J. A. BREEDT sary, no health station, nothing. from their familiar surround- mission also is caring for more Director If anyone falls ill, he either gets ings. In this way more and more than 20,000 blind and disabled Adventist Professional Health better or dies. of the visually disabled even- in its schools and workshops. Services Mathayo had been blinded by tually may be cared for and The Seventh-day Adventist South Africa a cataract for ten years—need- regain self-esteem and inde- Church, with its traditional lessly. When the eye doctor pendence. emphasis on preventive medi- MEXICO who examined his eyes invited In West Africa, where river cine, must fully arise to the him to board the Sight by Wings blindness has condemned tens challenge of preventing blind- airplane to take him to a hospital of thousands of villagers to ness in the poor regions of the Members play for treatment, the old man, who idleness or begging, the blind world. While there is virtue in major role in had never in his life left his are being taught gardening and extending the life expectancy on island, did not hesitate for one agriculture. The program is so the northern half of the globe baptism of 568 moment. He placed "blind" successful that many of the through healthful living, there Members of the Coatza- trust in the doctor's words. sighted Africans are adopting may be more virtue in prevent- coalcos district in Mexico's When the surgery was suc- the agricultural methods of the ing millions of sight-endan- Isthmus Conference rejoiced on cessful, Mathayo was over- blind, who are instructed at gered people on the southern April 28 when 568 converts joyed to be able to see again special agricultural rehabilita- half of our planet from going were baptized in the sparkling after years of darkness. Yet it tion centers. blind. waters of the Gulf of Mexico. took a lot of effort to persuade The long-range goal of this For more information about Beforehand, district pastor him to enter the aircraft that was type of work is to help societies Christian Blind Mission Inter- Robinson Mendez had trained to take him back home. He in Third World countries to national, write to: P.O. Box 400 missionary mailmen and 35 could see so well that the metal recognize that blind people can 175, 1506 East Roosevelt Road, lay evangelists, who were bird struck terror to his heart. indeed be trained to perform Wheaton, Illinois 60187; or responsible for most of those Then there is 4-year-old useful tasks, to care for them- Adventist Development and baptized. Tariku, of Ethiopia, who was selves, and to earn their own Relief Agency, International, Layperson Julio Roblero, found when a feeble voice was livelihood. Furthermore, in 6840 Eastern Avenue NW., who presented 142 people for heard coming from the tomb Third World countries, doctors Washington, D.C. 20012. baptism, had conducted three where his parents had aban- must not simply wait until evangelistic crusades, using the doned him because he was blind patients come to them for treat- SOUTH AFRICA Spanish book Christ Is Com- from congenital cataract. He ment, but must train staff to go ing—Give the News! In 1983 was brought to the hospital, out into the villages to examine, SDA surgeon Roblero brought 108 people to cleaned, fed, operated upon, treat, and educate the people. Christ. He set a goal of 200 for and saw the light of day for the The challenge of blindness in wins two awards 1984. first time. But it still will take the world must leave no Chris- Warren Staples, ophthalmic Concepcion Martinez, a lay much love and care to bring him tian untouched. surgeon at South Africa's Beth- evangelist who conducted two to the point where he can lead a First and foremost in the line lehem Medical Centre and evangelistic crusades in the first normal life; neglect has affected of Christian organizations deal- chairman of South Africa's months of the year, saw 32 his body too much. ing with blindness on a global Adventist Professional Health people baptized. What can be done about the scale is Christian Blind Mission Services, recently received two Ninfa Dominguez, another problem of blindness around the International, also known as major awards. lay evangelist, had prepared 18 world? Rather, what is being Christoffel Blindenmission, In Durban Dr. Staples for baptism. In 1983 she pre- done? The answer is, as yet, too headquartered in West Ger- received the Lions International sented a Bible course to 36 little. many. This interdenomina- Citizen of the Year Award, people and had the joy of seeing Although there are schools tional mission serves the blind presented by the South African all 36 baptized. for the blind in which the and disabled in more than 90 branch of the Lions Club. Ignacio Mejia, a physician, nonsighted learn to read and countries around the world. A specialist in cornea trans- was baptized September 17, write braille, most of the blind Working closely with many plants, Dr. Staples has per- 1983. This year, as a result of youngsters around the world churches and local missions, formed more than 200 such his first two evangelistic cru- remain without any form of CBM lends liberal support to operations. sades, 24 people were baptized, education. The modern trend, some 15 Seventh-day Adventist He began his career as a among them his wife. called "integrated education," projects that are primarily in mission doctor at Maluti Hospi- Following the large baptis- allows blind students to attend Africa but are also in Latin tal in Lesotho and later started mal service, some 2,000 mem- schools for the sighted, helped America and India. Besides the first denominationally bers of the Coatzacoalcos dis- along by resource teachers giving financial assistance, the owned private medical practice trict were inspired by reports familiar with the special needs 76-year-old organization— in Ficksburg in South Africa's from Pastor Mendez and some of the blind. So far, however, which also has offices in the Orange Free State. Today, he is of his lay preachers. As the day many people in Africa and Asia United States and Canada—has both a well-known eye surgeon came to a close the members think that blind boys and girls offered know-how, training, and an ordained minister. accepted the challenge of their cannot successfully attend a and guidance to Adventists in a Dr. Staples also received the pastor to begin preparing regular school, so they do not number of medical institutions. Paul Harris Award from the another group of Bible students attend school at all. In all, CBM supports more South African Rotarians. The for the next great baptismal Another important way to than 700 projects in Third award, named after the founder day. J. GONZALEZ RIQUE cope with the problem of blind- World countries. Last year of Rotary International, is Communication Director ness is to track down the blind in CBM's overseas doctors per- awarded nationally each year Mexican Union

24 (992) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 Written by Louis B. Reynolds

Seventh-day Adventist history texts have ;orne noticeable gaps in their record of the part played by the church's black members. WE HAVE TOMORROW tells the story of these LOUIS B. REYNOLDS ninisters, educators, health professionals, and aymen who have held the gospel banner high. Beginning with the Millerite and Civil War nus, Reynolds describes how the three angels' nessages reached the blacks and then how they :ook up the torch themselves. Oakwood College, E Uverside Hospital, Pine Forge Academy, UI NAV 4essage magazine—the stories are all here. aimia Knight, followed by a train of black missionaries. Black ministers rising to positions )f leadership. Here, in nineteen fact-filled thapters, is the fascinating story. Reynolds, a General Conference field secretary and twice editor of Message, spent more than TIlE STORY OF AMERICAN • hfrty years researching this book. He devoted SEVENTH-DAY wo full years toward the end of his life to ADVENTISTS nterviews, writing, and rewriting. Elder WITH AN rs Zeynolds died on September 12, 1983. AFRICAN This beautiful volume is enhanced by HERITAGE ull-color, specially commissioned paintings and k colorful dust jacket by Harry Anderson. Your ibrary won't be complete without it. Order your :opy today. WE HAVE TOMORROW is available at your \dventist Book Center. The regular price is ;29.95, but right now you can buy this andmark book for only $19.95—that's $10 off he regular price. For Visa/MasterCard orders, lial 1-800-253-3000. 12 Zeview and Herald Publishing Association years ago while the singer was a WASHINGTON, D.C. Adventist baritone sings student at Oakwood College, a Seventh-day Adventist school Non-SDA study at Democratic Convention in Huntsville, Alabama. Their relationship grew through confirms benefit Phipps's participation in annual of SDA lifestyle By EDWARD D. SARGENT "black expo" conventions held by Jackson's activist organiza- Seventh-day Adventist teen- tion, PUSH. agers raised in a vegetarian life- Although the Seventh-day Phipps is president of a small style seem less likely to suffer Adventist Church does not recording company called cardiovascular ailments than endorse political parties or can- Serenity and has produced three their meat-eating counterparts, didates, members are free to moderately successful albums according to a recent study participate in their countries' that feature his singing. He has published in The Western Jour- political processes according to never had a runaway hit, but his nal of Medicine. the dictates of their con- music is played on gospel radio "Seventh-day Adventist sciences. What follows, then, is stations across the country, and Adolescents—Lifestyle Pat- not an endorsement, but the he has appeared on several terns and Cardiovascular Risk story of a Seventh-day Adventist religious television programs. Factors," a study conducted by who firmly believes that "God He was one of the first gospel scientists from Northwestern uses ordinary people." artists to perform on the black University School and the Uni- SAN FRANCISCO—He was music show Soul Train when he versity of Chicago Medical the mystery singer at the Demo- Wintley Phipps sang a tribute to Minnie Rip- Center, found that cholesterol cratic National Convention. But perton in 1979. levels among students at at his song's end, he had a To those unmoved, it was a He is currently assistant to the Broadview Academy, situated rainbow of blacks, whites, His- sideshow, emotional hogwash. president of Oakwood College, 40 miles west of Chicago in panics, and Native Americans "Ordinary people, huh?" handling public relations and Lafox, Illinois, were consider- holding hands and swaying scoffed one lukewarm delegate recruitment, he said. ably lower than the national back and forth like a forest who declined to be identified At noon Wednesday, Phipps norm for that age group. The caught up in a forceful but calm after Mondale received the visited Jackson's headquarters mean blood pressure for the tropical storm. Tears flowed nomination Wednesday. at the Hyatt Union Square Hotel group also was low. freely. Many of those in the "We're going to have to be and encountered the robust for- Because of their lacto-ovo- crowd were disarmed and extraordinary in order to beat mer mayor of Atlanta, Maynard vegetarian diet, Adventist stu- numbed by the moment. the Republicans. But it was a Jackson. "Young man, you dents eat fewer calories, fewer The singer, Wintley Phipps, beautiful song." were tremendous. Do you have saturated fats, and more polyun- of Columbia, Maryland, At a jam-packed reception in a [business] card?" Maynard saturated fats than the national walked out of obscurity and into his honor Wednesday night, asked, smiling. teen norm. Scientists have the spotlight Tuesday night Jackson said he was glad to "No," Phipps said, also found that polyunsaturated fats when he took center stage. "share the stage" with Phipps. smiling. seem to lower the amount of Phipps, whose bass-baritone "I wanted the nation to hear "Then take mine and call me. cholesterol in the blood, while sounds like rumbling cannon him, too." And the response, I want to talk to you about saturated fats increase the fire, sang a moving, meditatiVe Jackson indicated, was what he coming to Atlanta. You were amount of cholesterol in the song called "Ordinary People" expected. "People have been tremendous." blood, creating greater risk of that capped off the Reverend calling [Jackson campaign Rae Lewis, 22, a youth coor- coronary heart disease. Jesse Jackson's 50-minute elec- headquarters] from all over the dinator for the Jackson cam- Broadview students had very trifying appeal to the conven- world asking us, 'Who is this paign, screamed when she saw low cholesterol levels, with tion. brother Wintley Phipps?' " him. "Tears were already in my their mean cholesterol value The combination was a one- On several occasions during eyes before you started to sing. (138 mg. per dl.) around the two punch that dazzled the Jackson's campaign, Phipps When you opened your mouth, fifteenth percentile for adoles- thousands of Democrats sang gospel songs before the your voice just shook me. The cents in the United States aged crammed into Moscone Center. candidate spoke. "This was the tears flowed." 10 through 19, according to the "God uses ordinary people. . . . first time I sang after he spoke," Phipps said he is not sure how study. Put your faith in the Master's Phipps said. "He requested that to keep his momentary star The Adventist lifestyle might hands," sang Phipps, a 29- I sing after him this time shining. "I wouldn't know how be the answer to the plague of year-old Seventh-day Adventist because he wanted to leave the to maximize on this moment in cardiovascular diseases in minister who actually lifted people in a spiritual mood. terms of advancing my career as America. According to the more conventioneers and guests "We had some discussions a singer," Phipps said before study, three factors increase the to their feet than did Jackson. about the kind of song we were leaving here for Washington risk of dying from atheroscle- going to do because they wanted and a reunion with his wife, rotic diseases: elevated serum This Edward D. Sargent article to be careful that everything fit Linda, a nurse, and their 3- cholesterol levels, hyperten- appeared in The Washington just right. We chose the song year-old son, Wintley sion, and smoking cigarettes. Post on Saturday, July 21, from a list of three," Phipps But perhaps Arthur Pinkney, The low cholesterol levels, low 1984. It is reprinted here by said. The two others, both Jackson's campaign manager, blood pressures, and freedom permission. The article carried gospels, were "Remember has the next step in mind. He from tobacco use make Broad- the title "The People's Voice," Me" and "I Choose You asked Phipps, "You released an view students better equipped to and had the subtitle "Wintley Again," he said. album recently? We're going to handle these risks than their Phipps Makes His Mark." Jackson and Phipps met ten have to do some marketing." national counterparts.

26 (994) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984

Other studies have shown CALIFORNIA Adventists to have lower blood UPDATE pressure and a longer life Faith for Today expectancy than the general population. Initial studies, how- features film ever, attributed the health Savage fire victim advantages to the fact that at youth prison Adventists do not smoke ciga- Recently Dan and Betsy Mat- receives treatment rettes. But the Broadview study thews, along with Lee Stanley, seems to show that dietary producer of Faith for Today's For the pajama-clad little girl sitting on her mother's lap, differences in lifestyle also play "Mountain Tops" documen- the biggest problem was not deciding which doll to take to a role. JULIE JOHNSSON tary, visited Camp Fred Miller, bed. For Cecilia Guria, suffering the agonies of savage fire Communication Department a Los Angeles County juvenile for more than two years, the problem has been simply how to General Conference correctional facility. cope with life as the mercury climbs to 40° C. (104° F.). Some 115 teenage boys are in Fortunately, Cecilia's problem may soon be solved. detention at the facility for In the April 12 issue of the ADVENTIST REVIEW, an article HONG KONG attempted murder, arson, grand spoke about Cecilia's courage despite her malady. And larceny, and similar crimes. because of love and concern by many groups of people, she Government The young men watched spell- now has been able to go to Penfigo Adventist Hospital in gives Adventists bound as in the film young Brazil, where treatment is available. paraplegic Rick Leavenworth When the telephone message came from the United States an award conquered a 13,000-foot (3,- to report that an air ticket was on its way, Cecilia and her The Hong Kong Government 962-meter) High Sierra moun- mother hastily made their way to Delhi, to catch the plane recently presented an award to tain peak. As the film concluded that would take them to Rio de Janeiro. the Hongkong Adventist Hospi- with Leavenworth and his God bless those who made this trip possible. Surely they tal for its extensive antismoking wheelchair triumphantly on the have helped to answer the prayers of this courageous little efforts. summit, the boys broke out in girl. The Adventist family is a good one to belong to, Given at the end of a govern- uproarious applause. A few days later I received the following letter: ment-sponsored antismoking As the applause died down, "Dear Friends, campaign, the award was the Leavenworth himself suddenly "On behalf of our daughter Cecilia, we want to express first of its kind. wheeled down the center aisle our thankfulness for your prayers and financial assistance. Hongkong Adventist Hospi- and turned to face the audience. Because of your help, Cecilia is now in the Penfigo Adventist tal has been in the news with When the crowd saw the "star Hospital in Brazil getting treatment. We are very thankful for increasing frequency because of of the show" there in person, what has been done for us. It is beyond our understanding. its health-education outreach. they nearly raised the roof with "God has used many hands to help us. Our future had been The hospital offers a series of applause. dark, and we did not know what to do apart from free courses, which includes the As the room quieted, Leav- surrendering our dear Cecilia into God's loving hand. We Five-Day Plan, nutritious enworth began: "When I was now are sure that God will hear our prayers and Cecilia will cooking, first aid, cardiopul- 41/2 years old I received a life regain her normal health. After two and a half years of monary resuscitation, prenatal sentence. . . . I thought my life suffering she has a chance. health, a running clinic, stress was over. . . . I felt there was no "May the Lord bless all of you in the various countries management, lifestyles, and hope for me. . . But then I who have had a part in making this trip to Brazil possible for spiritual awareness. found Jesus. . . He helped me our daughter. May we all be faithful and true till He comes. The hospital's health-educa- handle life as He gave me hope "Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Guria" tion department is launching a for the future. . . . All of you J. R. L. ASTLEFORD "Hong Kong Smokeout" this have received sentences, but Health and Temperance Director fall, for which the government Jesus loves you still; He has a Northern Union already has pledged its support. plan for you." To fund the programs at the When Lee Stanley made an hospital, the community do- appeal during the closing nated more than US$20,000 last prayer, more than 90 indicated year. The money came from their desire to give Christ a individual participants as well chance with their lives. as larger corporations. During an informal basket- As a result of the business ball game after the regular contacts, several stress manage- program, scores of young men ment courses are being con- came up to the Matthewses, ducted for the employees of Leavenworth, and Stanley to large companies during work- share information about their ing hours and on company lives. All expressed similar premises. desires to conquer the moun- Many participants of the vari- tains in their experiences ous programs have asked for through a Power outside them- As Cecilia Guria, left, watches D. K. Baroya, Northern more information about the selves. Union treasurer, hands her mother a ticket that will Adventist Church, and several JEFF WILSON take the girl from her home in Bihar, India, to Brazil have attended the church that Public Relations Director for treatment of a disease that is known as "savage fire." meets in the hospital. Faith for Today

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 (995) 27 NEWS NOTES from the world divisions

CORRESPONDENTS, today there are only about 300 ■ The members of the Tho- WORLD DIVISIONS—Africa-Indian Ocean, female literature evangelist of J. B. Kio; Australasian, R. M. Kranz; Eastern members. However, of that deweewa church in the Sri the year for the North Pacific Africa, Ruby Patterson; Euro-Africa, Heinz Hopf; Far Eastern, S. Wayne Young; Inter- number 50 percent are under 30. Lanka Union are active in wit- Union Conference. Male American, Fred Hernandez; Northern Euro- Recently church schools have nessing. Several Five-Day honors went to Allen Radke, of pean, H. J. Smit; South American, Assad Bechara; Southern Asia, A. M. Peterson been started, and a number of Plans have been conducted with Beaver Creek, Oregon. health-related outreach activi- good results, and the Lakeside CORRESPONDENTS ■ NORTH AMERICA — UNIONS: Atlantic, ties undertaken. ASI (Advent- Medical Centre, at Kandy, is For the third year, students at Leon H. Davis; Canadian, P. F. Lemon; Columbia, Ron Graybill; Lake, Jere Wallack; ist-Laymen's Services and active in public outreach. In the Cle Elum, Washington, Mid-America, Halle G. Crowson; North Vacation Bible School have Pacific, Morten Juberg; Pacific, Shirley Industries) and Maranatha addition, several ADRA com- Burton; Southern, George Powell; South- Flights International have munity projects have generated presented a cantata as a climax western, Richard W. Bendall assisted in construction pro- goodwill. to their week of activities. Most UNIVERSITIES: Andrews, Andrea Steele; grams. In general, the Advent- of the 73 children who attended Loma Linda, Richard Weismeyer ■ ists are making their presence Of 2,000 people baptized in the VBS took part in the two felt in an unprecedented man- the South India Union by mid- performances, which were Northern ner. year, 860 were youth. directed by Vicki Nelson. One ■ performance was for parents of European The South India Union has the children; the other was 107 Adventist schools, with ■ presented for the community. By midyear the Polish Union Southern Asia 37,000 students. Some 2,600 of had reached 70 percent of its On both occasions the church ■ these are from Adventist back- was filled. 1984 baptismal goal, with a Staff from the Simla Sanitar- grounds. ium and Hospital have begun a total of 768 people baptized ■ Stanley Lloyd Beerman and new work in the Kulu valley, ■ since the beginning of the One The Central India Union had Shane Richard Dresen, of the resulting thus far in 20 bap- Thousand Days of Reaping. 1,749 baptisms by midyear, Idaho Conference, were tisms. However, a small tribe of including 92 from a lay con- ■ ordained at the conference camp Prior to beginning a series of some 1,000 people, the Totas, gress conducted at Zahirabad. meeting on June 8. broadcasts on Radio Luxem- have begun to respond to An evangelistic series con- bourg—which came to an end in Adventist outreach. ducted by the staff of the Nuzvid Pacific Union April-1 million multipurpose Hospital last year resulted in the ■ Three churches have been advertising leaflets were distrib- establishment of a company. ■ All nine of the 1984 theology uted throughout the British erected in Madhya Bharat, and graduates at Pacific Union Col- Isles. Each handout offered ten 20 Nepali students have been lege received calls as pastors or items of assistance to the public. baptized at an Adventist school. North American pastor-teachers. As of the end of May, 850 ■ Two new areas have been requests had been received. North Pacific Union ■ Hawaii's Camp Waianae entered in the recently organ- Twenty-eight percent asked for ■ became a haven for 180 passen- ized Northeast India Union. In Literature evangelists from more information about the gers of the M/V Anastasis when one area a new church has been throughout the North Pacific Five-Day Plan to Stop Smok- the 12,000-ton cargo/passen- started that now is operating a Union held their summer retreat ing, 10 percent for three book- ger/mercy ship was detained in school with 54 students. In at Camp MiVoden, the Upper lets containing healthful rec- Honolulu by the U.S. Coast south Mizoram an evangelist Columbia Conference's youth ipes, 14 percent for free home Guard. Although the camp's who went back to his home area facility. The program, under the study guides on the Bible and cafeteria was large enough to to conduct an evangelistic series direction of publishing director seat everyone for meals, nearby health, 3 percent for more infor- saw 21 members of his family K. D. Thomas, featured a num- mation about the camp in North organizations had to donate become Adventists. ber of guest lecturers: Vernon Wales for disabled children, 3 Bretsch, Montana Conference tents to accommodate those percent for a current issue of ■ Seven lay evangelistic pro- secretary; Duane Huey, North who could not be accommo- Family Life magazine, 13 per- grams conducted in the Bangla- Pacific Union Conference treas- dated in the camp's cabins. cent for a free brochure on the desh Union have resulted in the urer; Sang K. Lee, a physician Robert Wong, conference youth worldwide mission program of establishment of three new from Weimar Institute in Cali- ministries director, rescheduled the Adventist Church, 5 percent companies. There are now 107 fornia; Irene McCary, of Nee- several church retreats to pro- for a current issue of Focus organized Sabbath schools in dles, California; and Herbert vide for the stranded people. magazine, 5 percent for five Bangladesh, which already is Douglass, Pacific Press Pub- ■ 64-page paperbacks on the great seven above the goal set for the lishing Association. Special Walter D. Blehm, Pacific themes of the Bible, and 7 time of the 1985 General Con- music for the closing days of the Union president, and Robert percent for a personal visit by a ference session. retreat was furnished by the Spangler, secretary of the Gen- representative of the SDA Chuck Fulmore Trio, Placer- eral Conference Ministerial ■ Membership in Bangladesh Church. ville, California. Association, spent part of the now stands at 5,000, and tithe summer in the Soviet Union ■ Although Adventism was figures for 1983 showed a sharp ■ Dianne Merrill, of North teaching ministers. Elder introduced to Ireland in 1861, increase over the previous year. Pole, Alaska, was named Spangler stressed preaching and

28 (996) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 Elder Blehm shared principles ■ To express appreciation for Tennessee, in July. Mr. and ■ The Woodruff, South Caro- of administration. "We were the health care he received at Mrs. Allen Yancey, of Somer- lina, company recently did treated as diplomats," Elder Ukiah Adventist Hospital, a ville, agreed to let the Advent- extensive repairs on the Blehm said. former patient has donated for ists use their vacant gas station Reformed Presbyterian church the hospital lobby a picture of after the Community Services building where they meet. Most ■ Composer Lillian Fonseca Air Force One, which his son room at the Somerville church of the inside of the sanctuary from Hawaii has received an pilots. proved inadequate. The Somer- was renovated. The Adventist award from ASCAP (the Amer- ville church was organized in congregation performed the act ican Society of Composers, Southern Union 1978. in appreciation for its hosts. Authors, and Publishers) for her song "Aloha Time in Heaven. - ■ Madison Hospital's (Madi- ■ The Natchez, Mississippi, • Seventy-one Pathfinders. A Chapel album on which the son, Tennessee) eating disor- Triumphant church recently staff, and medical personnel song is recorded—"Aloha to ders unit, the first in the State, received free space at a citywide from Florida, California, Ten- the Heavenly One"—was sub- according to hospital president Drug Awareness Fair in the nessee, and the Potomac Con- mitted by station KCCN to the Jim Boyle, has been discussed city's convention center. The ference returned from the ninth Library of Congress for inclu- on nearly a dozen local radio space was offered after Ann Mission Impact International, sion in the permanent collection and television shows, and local Baroni, president of Telephone where they spent two weeks in of Hawaiian music. Both Mrs. news broadcasts still feature the Pioneers of America and one of the Bay Islands of Honduras. Fonseca, an album soloist, and unit, nearly two months after it the Drug Awareness Fair plan- The youth painted and repaired Kahauanu Lake, producer, opened. The 14-bed unit spe- ners, was honored at a Commu- several buildings, participated were interviewed by the station cializes in the treatment of nity Guest Day at the church. in a Vacation Bible School and before the presentation. Others bulimia, bulimarexia, and The Triumphant church joined evangelistic meetings, and dis- on the album are the Lake Youth anorexia nervosa, the three the Melrose Avenue Adventist tributed clothing sent by the Trio. Mr. Lake is a renowned most common eating disorders. church to staff the booth, the Markham Woods church in Hawaiian artist and a major only one sponsored by a church. Longwood, Florida. A medi- producer of authentic Hawaiian ■ A new Community Services Attendance at the fair was about cal/dental team also operated music for the islands. center opened in Somerville, 5,000. daily.

A preview of next quarter's Sabbath school lessons

Since the first quarter of 1982, Seventh-day Adventist adult restore the relationship with man that sin broke. Immediately Sabbath schools around the world have been following a Christ was provided as the go-between to draw us back into curriculum plan known as the Covenant Series. Many of you fellowship with God. The Mediator acted at Calvary to restore may have been only vaguely aware of this study plan. Richard the broken relationship and to provide salvation for those willing W. Lesher, adult lesson editor when the Covenant Series plan to accept it. He continues to act as our representative and was adopted in 1976, based the development of our current advocate in the heavenly sanctuary. curriculum on Jeremiah 31:33, 34. He, and the world committee To those who have been asking When are we going to have he worked with in this development, found the new covenant some lessons that deal directly with the work of Christ in the promise to be divided into the four areas that follow: sanctuary in heaven? this quarter's lessons provide the answer. 1. The forgiveness of sin (verse 34). Lessons seven through twelve focus on Christ's work in the 2. The knowledge of God (verse 34). sanctuary above as high priest, judge, and coming king. Elder 3. The inward law (verse 33). Bradford, General Conference vice president for the North 4. The relation of God and people (verse 33). American Division, concludes his timely series with a study that You will recognize that these areas of study have formed the depicts the thrill of that time when there will be no more gulf of basis of our lessons for the past three years. For example, the separation between God and man, Then Jesus' mission will have first quarter of this year we studied lessons entitled Some Were been accomplished in the complete restoration of all that was lost Obedient. That topic fits category three listed above. The second to sin. quarter's lessons, entitled Knowing That We Know God, fit A. V. Wallenkampf, for many years a teacher of theology, clearly under category two, and the third quarter's study of the who last served on the staff of the General Conference Biblical topic God's Forgiveness and Love's Response fits both Research Institute, prepared the teachers' aids for this quarter's categories one and three. lessons. His well-organized material uses for the last time the This last quarter of 1984 we come to the climax of the series format of a separate teaching outline. Beginning with next with C. E. Bradford's studies on Jesus Our Mediator. Because quarter's lessons a new format for the adult quarterlies will be they contain all four of the elements of study found in Jeremiah introduced. The new teaching aid format will intersperse the 31:33. 34, these lessons form a fitting climax to and summary of teachers' notes specifically where they apply to the lesson and the entire Covenant Series. Jesus our mediator is the only way will be distinguished by a second color. provided for the forgiveness of sins. But He also gives us power The Covenant Series that Elder Bradford's lesson quarterly to overcome sin by writing the law on the table of our hearts. As and Dr. Wallenkampf's teachers' aids conclude will be replaced to the knowledge of God, Jesus as mediator bridged the gulf of by a new Bible Book Series that will include a study of every sin that separated the sinner from God, and helps us know and book of the Bible over the next ten-year period. It will be the first understand God better, particularly through His revelation of time in the history of our Sabbath school lessons that a conscious God in humanity. attempt will have been made to study every book of the Bible. Without Christ we could have no relationship with God. As LEO R. VAN DOLSON soon as sin reared its cobralike head God took the initiative to Editor, Adult Sabbath School Lessons

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 (997) 29 THE BACK PAGE

gram providing students with an others, however, the present Managers reported that the Gencon pays extension of the academic pro- desire for God seems to be in impact of these stations on their dividends to gram outside the classroom. danger of being submerged in communities has caused a num- The program encourages stu- materialism. ber of people to contact the 60 institutions dent involvement in intern- Continuing efforts for the church and become members. Some $1.9 million in ships, occupational explora- Cambodians in Beaverton are After listening to Radio Lira workers' compensation divi- tion, and community service assured under the leadership of in Costa Rica, a woman called dend checks have been distrib- with off-campus agencies. pastors David Schmidt and Ray the district pastor to make uted by Gencon Risk Manage- It is expected that in 1984 Ammon. Elder Ammon, former arrangements for baptism. The ment Service to 60 Adventist some 20 students will enroll in publishing leader in Southeast pastor was not sure she was pre- institutions in North America. the program. By the end of the Asia, baptized some of the pared because he had not seen The payments reflect excel- fifth year of the grant as many as refugees in Thailand. Two her in church before, he did not lent workers' compensation 160 students will have partici- Seventh-day Adventist refu- know of her taking any Bible loss-prevention activities by pated. gees, Saranath Chhut and his studies, and he did not know of each employer, according to Among the objectives of the friend Ath, now studying at the any literature evangelist having David M. Durgin, vice presi- cooperative education program University of Oregon, will help sold her books. But when the dent of marketing/underwriting are: (1) providing a practical with translation for Sabbath woman told him she had be- services. dimension to academic studies; services. RALPH NEALL come interested in baptism St. Helena Hospital and (2) helping students finance through listening to Radio Lira, Health Care Center and Simi their education; (3) easing entry the pastor continued his Valley Adventist Hospital into the job market; and (4) IAD conducts arrangements for her baptism. received $204,485 and $138,- testing students' real interest in Now she is a happy church 385, respectively, or nearly 18 a chosen career. radio seminar member whose husband and percent of the total amount RONNA ARCHBOLD Six radio station managers three children are beginning to disbursed. and their respective program attend church with her. Under the terms of the Cambodians directors, plus three program In one church 38 people have workers' compensation divi- producers, met July 16-19 in been baptized as a result of their dend program, the insurance meet in Oregon Miami, Florida, for the first In- contact through Radio Lira, company may declare dividends A mini camp meeting for 100 ter-American Division radio according to Noel Ruiloba, the at three intervals after a policy Cambodian (Kampuchean) ref- seminar. They exchanged ideas station manager. has expired. The current series ugees in the Portland and Salem on broadcast management, Inter-America acquired its of checks, representing the areas of Oregon was held at the made production plans for fu- first stations in 1978 when the 1979 through 1981 policies, are conference campground in ture radio programs, and West Puerto Rico Conference the first declared dividends for Gladstone on July 28. learned how to use their evange- bought WTPM-FM from a the 1981 policy and the final Among the speakers were listic potential more effectively. member, and the Central Amer- possible dividends for the 1979 Ralph Neall, religion professor Instructors were Allen ican Union bought and rebuilt a policy year. Eleven institutions from Union College and former Steele, WAUS (Andrews Uni- station in Guatemala into received checks for all three missionary to Cambodia; Sarith versity) station manager; Milton TGMUA, TGMUA-FM, and policy years, and 15 received Pheng, Cambodian ministerial Peverini, Spanish Voice of TGMUB (Adventist World payments for two years. Divi- student from Union College Hope speaker; Fred Hernandez, Radio). TULIO HAYLOCK dend checks for individual years who was doing Bible work in division communication ranged from $55 to $113,500. Portland for the summer; and director; and Tulio Haylock, For the record JAY E. PRALL Richard Hall, former mission- General Conference associate Prime time: Faith for ary to Sarawak and Laos who Communication director. Today's prime-time special AUC receives was in charge of SAWS relief Station managers came from "So Near, So Far" was aired in work for refugees in Thailand Guatemala, Costa Rica, Haiti, Vancouver, British Columbia, $324,500 grant last year. Dominican Republic, Puerto on Saturday evening, June 23. Atlantic Union College has The Gladstone camp meeting Rico, and Guadeloupe. One Broadcast through 59 transmit- received a $324,500 grant to was the high point of two weeks program producer came from ters, the program was seen in offer a cooperative education of evangelistic meetings in the the East Puerto Rico Confer- much of British Columbia and program. Beaverton church. ence, where the church has a northern Washington State. The grant, received under the Visits among the refugees licensing arrangement with a ADRA request: the United Title VIII Cooperative Educa- revealed a deep hunger for local religious station for a Nations has appealed to ADRA tion program, will be awarded spiritual things. Many had weekly four-hour block of time. to participate in a relief program in five installments between accepted Christ before coming The others came from the Mex- for the Near East, requesting 1984 and 1989. to America. Nearly every fam- ican Union, where they produce that ADRA provide 600 tons Since 1973 AUC has spon- ily told of losing loved ones in a national program, The Voice (10,000 bales) of used clothing sored a cooperative work pro- Cambodia since 1975. With of the Home. each year.

30 (998) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 20, 1984 NAKAI CALL Others call it the Nation's Largest Indian Reservatiori

This is Monument yoiley,:a. Ave-cavil doit alone. Your sun-drenched land of red sand:. AdvenfiSt Health System-West are. prayers, and support-are needed, stone, desert.brush and hogans. putting our corporate muscle into too. There's _art urgent This remote chtink of land-300. upgrading the hospital. We're re- need for physicians; espe- miles by 200 spans - cruiting physidans, asking ven- cially ONGYNI and Arizona, Vtah, coloradO and New dors for mach-needed equipment, ;pedia3n MexiCo.. arid pitching in from It's lion* to some 150,000 our own pockets. If ybu'd like to :NavajO.and.38;600 Hopi Indians. help, send the Monument Valley Adventist coupon. HoS'pit4ls here, too. For the past 34:years,- the local people have tarried to it for health- care. And for water. Clean, clear, cold water from the mission well. Others come for another kind of water. Living water. But today, the hospital needs immediate help. AdVances in medical technology have left its. equipment outdated, tying the hands of its talented. physicians The physical plant is sadly runz, down from more than threeT:4,f decades of service.

YES. I want to be a part of Monument Valley's Living Water Campaign. 0 Please send more information. 0 I'd like to give of myself by volunteering at the mission. (There is an urgent need for physicians—especially OBIGYN and pediat- ric specialists. Carpenters are also needed.)

Name- Address. City: State: Zip- Send to: Living Water Campaign, Monument Valley Adventist Hospital, P.O. Box 4, Monument Valley, Utah 84536

"..711eittlettit;- .7 A member of Adventist Health System-West regional kidney transplant center, and microsurgically restoring sight and Skylines reattaching severed limbs. Our long- change overnight. standing dedication, coupled with a Kitty Hawk ingenuity now entertains Christian atmosphere, makes us a car- space travel. Micro-computers hold ing place where people are special. billion-dollar corporations for ransom. The future of medicine promises to Yet in the midst of it all, some be as optimistic as its past, and for things never change. And at Florida Florida Hospital one thing will never Hospital in Orlando, it's our commit- change — our dedication to Christian ment to Christian nursing. healthcare. If you'd like to be a part of Florida Hospital is, today, the it, write to us: 601 East Rollins, world's largest Seventh-day Adventist Orlando, FL 32803. medical center (1,121 beds by 1985), performing more than 1,500 open Florida. Hospital heart surgeries each year, serving as a Where people are special

A Seventh-day Adventist hospital, owned and operated by Adventist Health System/Sunbelt