JWST Proposal 1200 (Created: Friday, March 19, 2021 at 6:00:11 PM Eastern Standard Time) - Overview

1200 - Architecture of Directly-Imaged Extrasolar Planetary Systems Cycle: 1, Proposal Category: GTO

INVESTIGATORS Name Institution E-Mail Dr. Julien Rameau (PI) (ESA Member) Institut de Planetologie et d'Astrophysique de Gren julien.rameau@univ-grenoble-alpe oble s.fr Dr. David Lafreniere (CoI) (CSA Member) Universite de Montreal [email protected] Dr. Rene Doyon (CoI) (CSA Member) Universite de Montreal [email protected] Mr. Etienne Artigau (CoI) (CSA Member) Universite de Montreal [email protected] Dr. Anand Sivaramakrishnan (CoI) (US Admin Co Space Telescope Science Institute [email protected] I) Dr. Doug Johnstone (CoI) (CSA Member) National Research Council of Canada [email protected] Dr. Andre Martel (CoI) Space Telescope Science Institute [email protected] Deepashri Thatte (CoI) Space Telescope Science Institute [email protected] Dr. Dave M. Meyer (CoI) Northwestern University [email protected] Prof. Peter Tuthill (CoI) University of Sydney [email protected]

OBSERVATIONS Folder Observation Label Observing Template Science Target Deep search 1 Target 1 NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry (1) HD-218396 2 Target 2 NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry (2) HD-95086 3 PSF Ref NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry (4) HD-93649 4 Target 3 NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry (3) HD-115600

ABSTRACT

1 JWST Proposal 1200 (Created: Friday, March 19, 2021 at 6:00:11 PM Eastern Standard Time) - Overview The Aperture Masking Interferometry mode of JWST/NIRISS offers a rare opportunity to probe extrasolar planetary systems with separations from less than 0.1” to 0.4” in the thermal infrared. On the one hand, AO-fed instruments from the ground mostly operate in the near-infrared and offer deep contrast down to 0.2” at best. On the other hand, thermal infrared is a regime in which the spectral energy distribution of young planets peaks, making AMI observations sensitive to planets with down to 4MJup around young and nearby . Therefore, AMI is an ideal mode that is complementary to ground based direct imaging to probe small angular separations to study the inner part of planetary systems. A complete knowledge of the architecture of extrasolar systems will provide an important observational test to overcome the main limitations of directly-imaged planets. Dynamical studies of multiple systems or systems with planets and disks give independent estimates that can be confronted with the model-dependent masses of these planets based on uncalibrated evolutionary tracks . We therefore propose in this project to make use of the AMI performance to help completing the view of the architecture of directly-imaged extrasolar planetary systems.

Observation IDs: DOYON_400[0-5]

OBSERVING DESCRIPTION We will observe HD 95086, HR 8799, and HD 115600, three directly-imaged exoplanatery systems using NIRISS AMI at F480M with the SUB80 in staring mode as recommended. HD93649 will also be observed to calibrate the fringes and will be common to all three targets. To benefit from the best calibration strategy, all observations have to be executed in a non-interruptible sequence. The number of groups for each target has been verified with the JWST ETC based on their magnitude in the WISE 3.5 micron filter (close to the SPITZER filter bandpass in the ETC) magnitudes to prevent saturation and to optimize the TACQ: HR8799 (5.2), HD95086 (6.7), HD115600 (7.3), and HD93649 (5.7). The ETC workbook is #24997. The required exposure time has been calculated on actual end-to-end simulations, not using the analytical formulae, with a well depth of ~30ke, not using the analytical formulae. Therefore, the number of photons in the following might not completelly match the settings for every target: HR8799 (2e9), HD95086 (2.5e9), HD115600 (1e9) , and HD93649 (2.5e9).

Total requested time is 7.49h.

These observations will be grouped with that of part of program ID 1260 (PI Ford, observations DOYON_80[00-11]) in a single sequence to benefit from the calibrator of this program as well as ours. Our calibrator HD 93649 will also be observed in F380M and F430M to match the observing strategy of the program 1260. Therefore, a special HOLD requierement was added on the last observation to highlight that this program should immediatly follow the first visit of

2 JWST Proposal 1200 (Created: Friday, March 19, 2021 at 6:00:11 PM Eastern Standard Time) - Overview program 1260. This is not fully represented by this APT file, nor by the APT submitted under ID: 1260.

3 Proposal 1200-TargetsArchitectureofDirectly-ImagedExtrasolarPlanetarySystems Fixed Targets Description=[A stars,Pointspreadfunction, Pointingandjittertest] Category=Calibration Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (4) Description=[A stars,Circumstellardisks,ExoplanetSystems,Pre-main sequencestars] Category= Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (3) Description=[A stars,ExoplanetSystems,Pre-mainsequenceSubstellar companions] Category=Star Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (2) Extended=NO Description=[A stars,ExoplanetSystems,Pre-mainsequenceSubstellar companions] Category=Star Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (1) # HD-218396 Name HD-93649 HD-115600 HD-95086 Equinox: J2000 Dec: -592820.44(-59.47234d) RA: 131919.5400(199.8314167d) Equinox: J2000 Dec: -68402.45(-68.66735d) RA: 10573.0210(164.2625875d) Equinox: J2000 Dec: +21083.31(21.13425d) RA: 230728.7151(346.8696462d) Target Coordinates Equinox: J2000 Dec: -691235.23(-69.20979d) RA: 104648.0772(161.7003217d) 4 ofPosition:2000.0 Parallax: 0.00131" Proper MotionDec:2.79mas/yr Proper MotionRA:-7.41mas/yr Epoch ofPosition:2000.0 Parallax: 0.00905" Proper MotionDec:-17.81mas/yr Proper MotionRA:-33.53mas/yr Epoch ofPosition:2000.0 Parallax: 0.01194" Proper MotionDec:12.47mas/yr Proper MotionRA:-41.41mas/yr Epoch ofPosition:2000.0 Parallax: 0.02476" Proper MotionDec:-49.63mas/yr Proper MotionRA:107.93mas/yr Targ. Coord.Corrections Miscellaneous Proposal 1200-Observation1ArchitectureofDirectly-ImagedExtrasolarPlanetarySystems Spectral Elements Dithers Template Acquisition Fixed Targets Diagnostics Observation 1 # 1 # SUB80 Subarray 1 # Extended=NO Description=[A stars,ExoplanetSystems,Pre-mainsequenceSubstellar companions] Category=Star Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (1) # (Visit 1:1)Warning(Form):OverheadsareprovisionaluntiltheVisitPlanner hasbeenrun. Observing Template:NIRISSApertureMaskingInterferometry Diagnostic Status:Warning Proposal 1200,Observation1:Target1 HD-218396 Name SAME Target F480M Filter AMIBRIGHT Acquisition Mode Equinox: J2000 Dec: +21083.31(21.13425d) RA: 230728.7151(346.8696462d) Target Coordinates NISRAPID Readout Pattern F480M Filter Primary Dithers 9 Groups/Int NONE NISRAPID Readout Pattern 1236 Integrations/Exp 5 Epoch ofPosition:2000.0 Parallax: 0.02476" Proper MotionDec:-49.63mas/yr Proper MotionRA:107.93mas/yr Targ. Coord.Corrections false Direct Image 15 Groups/Int 1 Total Dithers 1 Integrations/Exp 1236 Total Integrations NONE Subpixel Positions 1 Total Integrations Miscellaneous 957.752 Total ExposureTime 0.823 Time Total Exposure Fri Mar1923:00:11GMT2021 ETC Wkbk.CalcID 24997.1 ID ETC Wkbk.Calc Proposal 1200-Observation1ArchitectureofDirectly-ImagedExtrasolarPlanetarySystems Special Requirements PSF References Sequence Observations1,2,3,4,Non-interruptible Additional Justification:false PSF Ref(Obs3)(PSFReference;Filters[F380M,F430M,F480M]) 6 Proposal 1200-Observation2ArchitectureofDirectly-ImagedExtrasolarPlanetarySystems Spectral Elements Direct Image Dithers Template Acquisition Fixed Targets Diagnostics Observation 1 # 1 # 2 1 # SUB80 Subarray 1 # Description=[A stars,ExoplanetSystems,Pre-mainsequenceSubstellar companions] Category=Star Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (2) # (Visit 2:1)Warning(Form):OverheadsareprovisionaluntiltheVisitPlanner hasbeenrun. Observing Template:NIRISSApertureMaskingInterferometry Diagnostic Status:Warning Proposal 1200,Observation2:Target2 HD-95086 Name SAME Target F480M Filter F480M Filter AMIBRIGHT Acquisition Mode Equinox: J2000 Dec: -68402.45(-68.66735d) RA: 10573.0210(164.2625875d) Target Coordinates NISRAPID Readout Pattern NISRAPID Readout Pattern F480M Filter Primary Dithers 46 Groups/Int 2 Groups/Int NONE NONE NISRAPID Readout Pattern 1546 Integrations/Exp 3 Integrations/Exp 7 Epoch ofPosition:2000.0 Parallax: 0.01194" Proper MotionDec:12.47mas/yr Proper MotionRA:-41.41mas/yr Targ. Coord.Corrections true Direct Image 19 Groups/Int 1 Total Dithers 1 Total Dithers 1 Integrations/Exp 1546 Total Integrations 3 Total Integrations NONE NONE Subpixel Positions 1 Total Integrations Miscellaneous 5513.283 Total ExposureTime 0.74 Total ExposureTime 1.024 Time Total Exposure Fri Mar1923:00:11GMT2021 ETC Wkbk.CalcID ETC Wkbk.CalcID 24997.2 ID ETC Wkbk.Calc Proposal 1200-Observation2ArchitectureofDirectly-ImagedExtrasolarPlanetarySystems Special Requirements PSF References Sequence Observations1,2,3,4,Non-interruptible Additional Justification:false PSF Ref(Obs3)(PSFReference;Filters[F380M,F430M,F480M]) 8 Proposal 1200-Observation3ArchitectureofDirectly-ImagedExtrasolarPlanetarySystems Spectral Elements Dithers Template Acquisition Fixed Targets Diagnostics Observation 3 2 1 # 1 # SUB80 Subarray 1 # Description=[A stars,Pointspreadfunction,Pointingandjittertest] Category=Calibration Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (4) # (Visit 3:1)Warning(Form):OverheadsareprovisionaluntiltheVisitPlanner hasbeenrun. Observing Template:NIRISSApertureMaskingInterferometry Diagnostic Status:Warning Proposal 1200,Observation3:PSFRef HD-93649 Name SAME Target F380M F430M F480M Filter AMIBRIGHT Acquisition Mode Equinox: J2000 Dec: -691235.23(-69.20979d) RA: 104648.0772(161.7003217d) Target Coordinates NISRAPID NISRAPID NISRAPID Readout Pattern F480M Filter Primary Dithers 6 10 14 Groups/Int NONE NISRAPID Readout Pattern 204 168 1696 Integrations/Exp 9 Epoch ofPosition:2000.0 Parallax: 0.00131" Proper MotionDec:2.79mas/yr Proper MotionRA:-7.41mas/yr Targ. Coord.Corrections false Direct Image 15 Groups/Int 1 1 1 Total Dithers 1 Integrations/Exp 204 168 1696 Total Integrations NONE Subpixel Positions 1 Total Integrations Miscellaneous 111.906 142.854 1953.928 Total ExposureTime 0.823 Time Total Exposure Fri Mar1923:00:11GMT2021 ETC Wkbk.CalcID 24997.3 ID ETC Wkbk.Calc Proposal 1200-Observation3ArchitectureofDirectly-ImagedExtrasolarPlanetarySystems Special Requirements PSF References Sequence Observations1,2,3,4,Non-interruptible PSF Reference:true 10 Proposal 1200-Observation4ArchitectureofDirectly-ImagedExtrasolarPlanetarySystems Spectral Elements Direct Image Dithers Template Acquisition Fixed Targets Diagnostics Observation 1 # 1 # 2 1 # SUB80 Subarray 1 # Description=[A stars,Circumstellardisks,ExoplanetSystems,Pre-main sequencestars] Category=Star Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (3) # (Visit 4:1)Warning(Form):OverheadsareprovisionaluntiltheVisitPlanner hasbeenrun. Observing Template:NIRISSApertureMaskingInterferometry Diagnostic Status:Warning Proposal 1200,Observation4:Target3 HD-115600 Name SAME Target F480M Filter F480M Filter AMIBRIGHT Acquisition Mode Equinox: J2000 Dec: -592820.44(-59.47234d) RA: 131919.5400(199.8314167d) Target Coordinates NISRAPID Readout Pattern NISRAPID Readout Pattern F480M Filter Primary Dithers 76 Groups/Int 3 Groups/Int NONE NONE NISRAPID Readout Pattern 746 Integrations/Exp 3 Integrations/Exp 11 Epoch ofPosition:2000.0 Parallax: 0.00905" Proper MotionDec:-17.81mas/yr Proper MotionRA:-33.53mas/yr Targ. Coord.Corrections true Direct Image 19 Groups/Int 1 Total Dithers 1 Total Dithers 1 Integrations/Exp 746 Total Integrations 3 Total Integrations NONE NONE Subpixel Positions 1 Total Integrations Miscellaneous 4348.703 Total ExposureTime 0.967 Total ExposureTime 1.024 Time Total Exposure Fri Mar1923:00:11GMT2021 ETC Wkbk.CalcID ETC Wkbk.CalcID 24997.4 ID ETC Wkbk.Calc Proposal 1200-Observation4ArchitectureofDirectly-ImagedExtrasolarPlanetarySystems Special Requirements PSF References Sequence Observations1,2,3,4,Non-interruptible On HoldThisprogramshouldimmediatlyfollowtheID1260so thatthetwoNIRISSAMIprogramcanbenefitfrommultiplecalibrationstarswithinanon-interruptiblesequence. Additional Justification:false PSF Ref(Obs3)(PSFReference;Filters[F380M,F430M,F480M]) 12