Volume 1, No. 14 November 1, 1974

Empire State Express Route of the Express. New NY- A new passenger train, the Empire State Express, now links the Midwest with the East Coast. Inaugurated Octo­ ber 30 by and the states of New York and Michigan, the new train is an JERSEY extension of previous New York-Buffalo service. It connects passengers from major New York communities, in­ cluding , with Detroit via southern Ontario. with the government of Canada are fu nding from the states of New York Special inaugural from Albany completed. Stops at Windsor, St. and Michigan. Under provisions of the and Detroit carried Amtrak, Penn Cen­ Thomas and Weiland are under con­ Rail Passenger Service Act of 1970, tral, state and local officials to Buffalo sideration. states may request additional rail pas­ for inaugural ceremonies, with brief Track improvements, now underway senger service if they agree to pay festivities at each town along the route. between Buffalo and Niagara Falls, will Amtrak two-thirds of the capital costs Regular scheduled service began permit an additional stop at Niagara and operational losses incurred in oper­ October 31 with one train daily in each Fails some time next year. Until track ating the service. direction. The train operates over Penn work is completed, express bus service The New York-Detroit service is the Cen tral track and consists of a baggage will be provided between Buffalo and second state supported route for car, two coaches and a counter-diner. downtown Niagara Falls for passengers Michicgan and the third for New York. Plans are underway for limited ser­ boarding or leaving the train at Buffalo. Michicgan's first state supported train, vice in Canada as soon as arrangements The new service is made possible by (Continued on page 8, col. 1)

Amtrak Travel Simplified For Federal Employees

Employees of the Federal Govern­ The new system has two virtues, Instrumental in establishing the pro­ ment may now ride Amtrak trains by according to Joe O. Bellino, Manager of gram were Bellino and Alex T. Lang­ presenting a Government Transporta­ Military and Government Sales. The ston, Jr., of Military and Government tion Request (GTR) form to the con­ first is to reduce paperwork and the Sales. The plan, under development for ductor instead of a ticket. other, more important one, is to save more than two years, was originally "The new program is part of Am­ the government traveler time in securing started by L. Fletcher Prouty, the trak's continuing effort to make it a ticket. department's first manager. Prouty is pleasant and practical for the govern­ "Because of the remoteness of some now Director-Plans and Projects in ment traveler to use our services," said government agencies from Amtrak Amtrak's Public Relations Dept. Roger Brown, Director-Sales. ticket offices, we determined that if The program works in two ways. If a "We're making a conscious effort to federal employees were given the option federal employee desires to use his GTR get government employees and military of bypassing a ticket office, it would be as a ticket, then the government office personnel to use our trains. We know in easier to ride the trains. The best way to issuing the GTR must make one out for most cases we can save the government avoid the trip to the ticket counter was each leg of the trip. A San Diego to San money as well as build Amtrak reve­ to make the GTR into a ticket," said Francisco trip, for example, requires nues," continued Brown. Bellino. (Continued on page 2, col. 1) cars available to Amtrak were modified Auto Ferry Service------, from existing equipment and would have been limited by their wheel assem­ blies to freight train speeds. The Start Postponed necessary locomotives, coaches, sleeping cars, and food service cars, all in criti­ cally short supply, would have had to have been diverted from other busy routes causing an adverse impact on Amtrak will defer the start of an should be postponed. Research and revenues, schedules and maintenance experimental Indianapolis-Florida auto development work will continue, how­ programs. ever, ferry service, at least for the current A further consideration was the fiscal year. Unavailability of proper equipment Board's concern that a premature be­ Amtrak's Board of Directors studied to provide a quality service and an ginning, with unsuitable equipment, equipment needs, operating problems, unfavorable economic projection were might jeopardize future efforts to estab­ marketing projections and probable the factors which most influenced the lish an auto-ferry service .. . "an im­ costs and concluded that the auto­ board's decision, but the company portant concept which Amtrak con­ carrying passenger train experiment noted other difficulties. The auto-ferry tinues to regard as promising."

GTR­ exchanging the GTR for a ticket is still clared Bellino. "Somebody missed the ?Continued_from page 1) valid. If someone wants an actual ticket, point: GTR's are good on trains and Amtrak personnel are still supposed to GTR's can also be exchanged for issue it in exchange for the GTR. If the tickets." two separate GTR's. One would read passenger has to physically change trains Federal employees may ride reserved San Diego to Los Angeles and the other to get to his destination-and only the Los Angeles to San Francisco. This is to trains with a GTR, provided the passen­ origin-destination are shown on the enable the conductors on each train to GTR-that GTR must be exchanged for ger has made appropriate reservations lift the appropriate GTR and issue a a ticket," Bellino said. and has noted his space on the back of cash fare receipt. the government form. Reservations may There has also been some misunder­ If a GTR is issued, however, with be made in the normal manner over the standing on the part of conductors and only the origin and destination, and the phone provided the Amtrak reservation gatemen about the GTR form. trip can be completed only by changing agent is given the GTR serial number. trains, then the passenger must present "Not all conductors, in spite of This validates the space. his GTR to an Amtrak ticket agent and repeated notices from Amtrak, are fully For unreserved trains, the passenger tickets must be issued. To use the same aware of the program and some conduc­ merely boards the train. In each case the example, if the GTR reads "San Diego tors as well as some gatemen refuse to traveler gives the GTR to the conductor to San Francisco," a two-leg ticket must recognize the GTR as a valid ticket," just as he would a ticket. be issued reading San Diego to Los continued Bellino. Angeles and Los Angeles to San Francis­ Every federal government activity One passenger holding a GTR was co. and office in the United States has frustrated by a gateman who would not received notification of the new Amtrak There have been instances where permit him to board an Amtrak train procedure through a directive issued by ticket agents have misunderstood the "without a ticket." The passenger then the Office of Management and Budget. program, thinking that .tickets are no went to the ticket counter to exchange longer issued on GTR's, and have turned the GTR for a ticket and the agent Amtrak managers are optimistic that away GTR holders. erroneously said tickets are no longer once the growing pains of the program issued on GTR's. are resolved, the new system will work "I must make this clear-using the smoothly and will provide Amtrak with GTR as a ticket is optional, not man­ "In this instance, both the gateman a major opportunity to win a large share datory. The time-honored method of and the ticket agent were wrong," de- of the government traveler market.

2 Amtrak has placed with Budd this year, summer with deliveries to be completed 35 Budd Cars Bring bringing the total order to by March 31,1976. Order Total To 292 292. According to Day, the 35 cars in this Amtrak has ordered 35 additional Interior elements, such as seats and most recent order will be virtually metro-type cars from the Budd Co. of floor and wall carpeting, will be pur­ identical to the second order of 200 cars Red Lion, Pa., according to Robert Day, chased separately, bringing the final cost from Budd. With the exception of Purchasing Agent for Cars and Loco­ of the 35 cars to $14 million. minor mechanical differences, they also motives. The 28 coaches and 7 snack The first 16 cars in the total order of will be quite similar to the first group of coaches are the third equipment order 292 are scheduled for delivery next 57 Budd cars ordered.

r 1FIll!='iOOIll'itil1l=~i'"l'llmmmD l tru E) ElBl888 f3h Artist's rendering of a new metro-type car. Amtrak Procures Inter ior Elements For Budd Cars The time period between order and and variation among the cars. Fabric will have a built-in mottled effect de­ receipt of 257 new metro-type cars initially used with be a jacquard pattern signed to disguise stains. Floor carpeting from the is a busy one of violet, blue and gold. for the new Budd cars will be a subdued for both Amtrak's Procurement Depart­ Amtrak's Design Group has initiated maroon color with a slight pattern in it. ment and its Design Group. Auxiliary specifications for the new seats and Neutral, sand-colored carpeting is being procurements in process include seats, interior carpeting. According to Bob procured for walls and ceilings. Unlike carpeting and spare parts for all 257 cars Bengtsson, Director of Design, seat cov­ current Metroliners, walls at each end of and food service units for thirty of a ers, seat cushions and all floor and wall the Budd cars will be carpeted for sound total of forty-one Snack Coaches in­ interior finishes will meet federal safety retardance. cluded in the Budd order. standards. Covers are made of a tight According to Ken Lyons, Director of Amirail Corp. of Colorado Springs, woven fabric treated for flame re­ Procurement, Amtrak is in the process Col. has won a competitive award to tardancy and have a fire resistant foam of obtaining spare parts for the new produce coach seats for the Budd cars at underpadding. "Our safety requirements Budd cars. Inventory parts for air con­ a cost of approximately $4.7 million. are even more stringent than the air­ ditioning, heating and brakes are Seats will be track-mounted, not per­ lines," said Bengtsson. needed. Spare parts initially will be m,anently installed. Each seat will in­ Antron II, a Dupont nylon fabric housed at Wilmington, Del., current clude a foot rest and a food service tray, guaranteed not to show wear for seven service area for the Metroliners. their first use by Amtrak aside from the years, will be used for floor and wall The Murray Jason Co. of Riverside, French-built turbos. In long distance carpeting. The brown and black carpet­ New Jersey has subcontracted with service, leg rests will be added. Seat ing currently in use on New York-Wash­ Budd to build food service units for the frames will be dark brown with remove­ ington Metroliners does show some dirt. eleven Snack Coaches included in the able covers providing for color changes However, the new carpeting material (Continued on p~ge 8, col. 2)

3 of $3 million worth of spare parts, Construction will be completed New commiSSary] primarily for the turbos. December 1, according to Lyons, with "Although we are only renting the occupancy dependent upon availability I For building, it is being designed to our of special equipment, like refrigerators, specifications," Ken Lyons, Director of which the builder is providing and in­ Procurement, said. stalling. Lyons hopes Amtrak can move Special commissary features incor­ in by the end of January. Chicago will soon have a new com­ porated into the design include parti­ Chicago is the second commissary bination Amtrak commissary and spare tions, floor drains, refrigeration and tile location to lease a new building de­ parts warehouse. Final leasing arrange­ floors and walls in food-handling areas. signed to Amtrak's specifications. The ments were negotiated in October by Outlets for ware-washing and plumbing new Hialeah (Miami) commissary build­ Amtrak's Procurement Department. for a laundry also are being installed. If ing should be ready for occupancy in Amtrak will be the first tenant in a Amtrak eventually decides to operate its early November. new building under construction at own laundry, only equipment will be Amtrak also operates commissaries in 4309-11 S. Morgan Street. The building needed. Seattle, Los Angeles, Oakland and New will give Amtrak 2,000 sq. ft. of space There will be sixteen loading docks at York with "top off' supply stations at for commissary operations and storage the new commissary/warehouse. Boston, New Orleans and Jacksonville.

railroads played in the building of Amtrak Featured America from 1830 to the present. Railroad songs have long been among In Johnny Cash John's favorites, and in this special the camera follows him around the country TV Special as he prowls the railroad yards, rides box cars with real hobos, cheers the hammering in of the golden spike, wit­

Foreign Journalists Tour US On Amtrak Fifteen journalists representing four­ the U.S. and the workings of its press Most of the journalists chose teen foreign countries are riding Amtrak system. During their stay, each journal­ Amtrak's for all their travels trains as part ot:. a work study/travel ist has two, 2-week working assignments in the Washington-New York corridor. program sponsored by the U.S. State with U.S. media: newspaper, magazine, Many are also riding the Southwest Department in conjunction with Indiana television, radio or advertising agency. Limited between Albuquerque and Flag­ Universi ty. The remainder of their trip, about staff, Ariz. The journalists are here from August seventy days, is spent traveling around 18 through November 25 learning about the U.S. (Continued on page 8, col. 3)

4 C&O Freight Crew form on a 50/50 reimbursement basis with Amtrak. However, the C&O em­ Dress Up For ployees were in a unique situation. Official Amtrak uniforms were not Passenger Service available immediately on such short "They may not be the best looking notice and C&O passenger uniforms, if passenger train crew in the country, but any could be found, were remnants of they certainly are the best dressed." October 1949, the last date on which That's how the Peru, Indiana yard­ passenger trains operated through Mun­ master described the recent transform­ cie , Richmond and Peru, Indiana. ation of some C&O employees in the During the first days of the rerout­ western division into passenger crew ing, several of the new passenger crew members. members showed their enthusiasm for On August 1, 1974, the Federal their new duties in their dress. Railroad Administration terminated all Brakeman Jerry Biggs, at 31 the young­ passenger and freight operations effec­ est C&O passenger crew member, was tive August 2 on track between Chicago, much envied when he found an authen­ Ill. and Jeffersonville, Ind. The track tic C&O passenger brakeman's uniform, had failed to meet minimum Federal circa 1949. safety standards. Amtrak immediately Although as an engineer, Maurice Brakeman Jerry Biggs began rerouting the James Whitcomb Bachman was hardly on public display, Riley over C&O track between Cincin­ he began competing with Brakeman unofficial winner when he purchased a nati-Muncie-Chicago. Overnight, some K.O. Adkins for the most spectacular navy blue suit cut like an actual Amtrak 48 freight men found themselves in the outfit. Adkins provoked the competi­ uniform. passenger business. tion by showing up for work in a new More recently, most of the C&O men Amtrak's uniform policy provides yellow sport coat with new white shoes. have purchased navy blue suits at their that railroad employees who begin Not to be outdone, Bachman bought a own expense and, with Amtrak­ Amtrak service after 1972 may wear the white sport coat and red patent leather provided lapel pins, name tags and tie passenger uniform of their own railroad shoes, a rather impractical uniform for a tacks, they look much like a regular until they purchase a new Amtrak uni- grease-prone engineer. Adkins was the Amtrak operations crew.

From Changing Times, the Kiplinger Kenneth B. Keller in the Ft. Wayne , What They're Magazine: " ... with overcrowded air­ (Ind.) Journal Gazette: " . .. there is an ports and increased airline fares, con­ attentiveness to passenger comforts that Saying gested and unsafe streets and highways, wasn't to be found on the touted 20th the high cost of gasoline and the ever­ Century Limited of yesterday . .." impending energy crisis, the modern About Amtrak descendant of the iron horse looks like An Associated Press report from Al­ an increasingly appealing way to go." bany, N. Y.: "The passenger Kenneth Wescott Jones in Business AMTRAK NEWS train between Albany and . . . Travel World (of London): "Roger Lew­ attracted 330 passengers daily last is, president of Amtrak, seems to have NA TIONAL RAILROAD month ... 100 a day more than the brought in some of the good points long PASSENGER CORPORATION [New York State] Department [of used in ... airways which he served for Transportation] expected ..." many years .. . ." Published bi-weekly for Amtrak An Arkansas (Little ROCIe) Gazette employees and those of From Juris Doctor, Magazine for the participating railroads editorial: " ... summer patronage on the New Lawyer: " ... the , a engaged in passenger service new St. Louis-to-Laredo route was sub­ nightly run from Washington, D.C. to stantial and satisfying . . . Amtrak is Montreal (and back) via New York and NEWS Staff doing fine on its service through Arkan­ the Vermont mountains is something of Joseph Vranich Ronnie Daly sas ... Riding the train is a lot more fun a singles bar on wheefs, a rolling re­ Gayle Fedrowitz than driving . .." sort ..."

5 Under the terms of this new bill, Congress Overrides Retirement Veto railroad employees now will receive significant retirement benefits over and above Social Security which are com­ Overriding a veto by President Gerald said the system would collapse without parable to pension plans in other major Ford, Congress recently voted by a wide an injection of funds. American industries. The cost of both margin to support the Railroad Retire­ Up to now railroad workers have these benefits to the railroads will ment Bill. The House voted 360-12; the been allowed by law to qualify for, in amoun t to $1 billion annually. Senate voted 72-1. substance, two Social Security bene­ The bill also provides full benefits, The bill, aimed at putting the rail­ fits-one computed as a component of including supplemental annuities, to em­ road retiremen t system on a sound their Railroad Retirement benefit and ployees who retire early-at age 60, with financial footing, grew out of recom­ another computed under Social Security 30 years ~ of service- and full spouse mendations made by a joint manage­ as a result of their employment in annuities at age 60 to the spouses of ment-labor committee set up at the another industry, resulting in so-called. such employees. Improved benefits are direction of Congress after a special "windfall" to those workers qualifying also to be provided for widows and Commission on Railroad Retirement under both systems. other survivors of railroad employees.

Congress Approves Fiscal '75 Funds

A bill authorizing $200 million fo r -Amtrak is required to directly per­ Department of Justice has a confli ct of Amtrak in the current fis cal year has form its own maintenance and repairs, interest or does not want to represent been passed by Congress and sen t to the to the maximum extent practicable; the ICC; President. This latest bill again empha­ -Amtrak is required to cooperate sizes that priority be given to plans to - A study of high-speed transporta­ with the U.S. Railway Association, the upgrade and speed up train service in tion by rail between the west coast Secretary of Transportation, the new the between Boston cities- much like the Northeast Cor­ Consolidated Rail Corporation, and the and Washington. Earlier legislation set a ridor-was adopted; Corps of Engineers on the - northeast goal of2 hours and 15 minutes between corridor project; - Federal coordination of the pro­ Washington and New York and 2 hours posed intermodal terminal at Union - The Secretary of Transportation and 30 minutes between New York and Station was modified so that nothing will give priority in designation of Boston. This speed, an average of about will interfere with the proposed Visitors experimental trains to those states 115 miles per hour, represents a signifi­ Center; and cant improvement over speeds today. At which do not now have service; the present time, Metroliner service be­ - The Secretary of Transportation is - A program to preserve historical tween New York and Washington aver­ required to adopt guidelines for Amtrak rail stations was modified and adopted, ages about 75 miles per hour. planning of loan grants; giving the Secretary of Transportation Other provisions of the legislation - The ICC will be allowed to repre­ authority to designate a demonstration provide : sent itself in Federal court when the project.

miles- the number of passengers times Despite Equipment Shortage, the number of miles they trav­ eled- increased 20 percent in June, 7 percent in July and 3 percent in August Summer Ridership Up over comparable 1973 figures . The figures were taken from 17 representa­ Amtrak carried more passengers last August, Amtrak found it carried a total tive routes. This increase was achieved summer- and carried them for more of 4,351,234 passengers during the in spite of an actual decline during July miles-than in any previous summer in three summer months of 1974, com­ and August of the space available for spite of having fewer seats available on pared with 3,892,552 the summer sale on these routes as compared with a most key routes. before. The system-wide increase was 11 year earlier. The available seat miles in In reporting on ridership and car percent. utilization during June, July and At the same time, revenue passenger (Continued on page 8, col. 1)

6 will be added for the tourist season. It will depart New York's Pennsylvania Keeping Track Of Amtrak Station at 12:35 p.m. and arrive in Miami at 1 :50 p.m. the next day. Northbound effective December 15, the Miamian will depart Miami at 3:40 p.m. dog. People "truly incapable" of caring and arrive in New York the following To accommodate extra holiday trav­ for themselves must continue to have a afternoon at 4:50 p.m. elers, the North Coast Hiawatha will riding companion or to make advance operate daily rather than tri-weekly arrangements for Amtrak to provide during Thanksgiving and Christmas peak such assistance at cost. Blind people can Florida Dinner Reservations travel periods. Running between Chi­ travel on Amtrak trains, in either coach A new policy of reserved seating for cago and Seattle via Minneapolis, Bill­ or sleeper, at any time with a seeing eye evening meals on diners of long-haul ings, Mont., and Wenatchee, Wash. , the dog. trains is being implemented on Florida Hiawa tha will be a daily train in each service. It next will be phased into trains direction from November 23 through between Chicago and the West Coast, December 1 and from December 15 Eliminate Grade Crossings followed by the and through January 6, 1975 . Previous Planning has begun to eliminate all . experience has proved the need for 15 grade crossings of the Penn Central Railroad in Maryland within five years extra service OJ;! this route during peak New Denver Ticket Office travel periods. This past summer Am­ permitting Metroliners and conventional trains to run at higher speeds. Bridges In conjunction with Amtrak's cam­ trak experimented with daily service but paign to offer greater service to govern­ reverted to tri-weekly in September to will be built over most of the crossings ment and military travelers, Amtrak has shift equipment to busier routes. Am­ "to create a far safer environment for the motoring public," Maryland Secre­ opened a ticket office in Denver's Fed­ trak plans to offer daily service again eral Center. The huge government com­ next summer. When the equipment situ­ tary of Transportation Harry R. Hughes plex is located 10 miles west of Denver ation improves, serious consideration said. The State Board of Public Works awarded $2.1 million in design contracts in the city's Lakewood section. Accord­ will be given to daily year-round service ing to Larry Mitchell, Denver District on the route. for the projects to four firms. Construc­ tion is esimtaed at $27 million. On local Sales Manager, "A grand opening cere­ roads, federal funds will cover 80 per­ mony was held on Oct. 22 as part of Board Has Vice Chairman cent of the cost, with the state and Amtrak's drive to let the federal com­ The Amtrak Board of Directors has counties sharing equally the remaining munity know we're interested in serving elected Donald P. Jacobs as Vice Chair­ 20 percent. Grade crossings at federal their transportation needs." The cere­ man. Dr. Jacobs is Professor of Finance highways will be financed with 90 per­ mony was followed by a display of and Chairman of the Finance Dept., cent federal funds and 10 percent state equipment in Denver Union Station, enabling prospective travelers to see Graduate School of Management, at money. Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill., what Amtrak has to offer. Four Amtrak sales representatives spent two days and was appointed to the Amtrak Board More Mail calling on all major federal agencies earlier this year. The Montrealer now carries mail be­ located there to promote Amtrak ser­ tween St. Albans, Vt., and Washington, vice through the new office. The facility D.C. under a new contract between will also conveniently serve the general Routing Amtrak and the U.S. Postal Service. public living in the West Denver area. The regular routing of the Floridian While the contract calls for only three through Logansport, Indianapolis and The new office is situated in the General cubic feet of space per day each way, Services Administration Building (Bldg. Louisville has been restored. With some resulting in annual revenues of approxi­ track work completed on Penn Central's 41), and initially will be open from mately $15,000, it is a beginning of 10:00 a.m. until 2:00 p.m., Monday Indiana lines, the train again serves these Amtfak's efforts to establish "feeder" points on its Chicago-Florida route. through Friday. mail routes into major cities. Movement of mail on this route by train eliminates rehandling in New York by the Postal Stop Blind Passengers Service. October 27 Amtrak's Florida-Miami Amtrak has issued a policy bulletin train, the Silver Meteor, began stopping which liberalizes and clarifies the policy at Savannah, Ga. regarding travel by blind passengers. Florida Schedule Changes The Silver Meteor is the third daily Under the directive, blind persons are When Amtrak's winter Florida sched­ train to serve Savannah. Southbound, not considered disabled as long as they ule goes into effect December 13 south­ the Meteor will stop in Savannah at normally travel without an attendant or bound, a new daily train, the Miamian, 6:00 a.m. and northbound at 6:45 p.m.

7 INAUGURAL­ EQUIPMENT­ (Continued from page 1) (Continued from page 3) the , went into service be­ first order of fifty-seven cars Amtrak The Design Group is also coordinating tween Chicago and Port Huron on Sep­ placed with Budd. Bids have been re­ choice of carpeting and color schemes. tember 15. New York inaugurated their ceived and are under evaluation, Lyons According to Bengtsson, Snack Coaches first state supported train, the Adiron­ said, for food service units for thirty will be more colorful than the new dack, between New York and Montreal, Snack Coaches included in the second Budd Coaches, with duotone red snack on August 6. New York's second train, order of 200 cars. bars, dark brown sheet rubber floors, The Washington Irving, went into ser­ A modular, containerized system of sand-colored ceilings and bright en­ vice between New York and Albany on food storage was designed for the new trance walls. Fuchsia-colored seat covers October 27. Snack Coaches by the Design Group. will be made of 100% wool.

SHORTAGE­ distance trains and Metroliners, the load July of 1973. (Other factors con­ (Continued from page 6) factor averaged 65 percent in July. tributing to the revenue increase were Spectacular leaps in average load factor increases in average trip length and fare 1974 were less by 4 percent in July and were experienced on several trains. For increases.) 10 percent in August than in 1973. (The example, Amtrak's New York-Chicago reduction in available space was ac­ train, the , jumped 74 counted for by equipment retired or out percent this August compared with JOURNALISTS­ of service and because a relatively fixed August of 1973 . The New York-St. (Continued from page 4) fleet of cars had to be spread over more Petersburg train, the , experi­ Professor Floyd Arpan started the routes and expanded service . enced a 56 percent gain . program in 1950 when. he was associ­ A fac tor in keeping gross ridership The fact that many Amtrak trains ated with Northwestern University's and revenue passenger miles up, in spite were crowded at times is indicated by Medill School of Journalism and con­ of fewer seats, was higher load factors peak load factors of 80 percent or more tinued to sponsor it when he affiliated on ma ny of Amtrak's trains this sum­ on many trains during June, July and with Indiana University's School of mer. The 3vera~~d factor was 64 August, with one trai~ th:2l0 rth~ o und Journalism in 1960. percent on Amtrak Metroliners and long Champion, recording a peak load factor The fifteen journalists chosen by distance trains in August, an increase of of 91 percent during July. their country and the U.S . State Depart­ 8 percent over a year earlier. Average The high load factors (Amtrak con­ ment represent Czechoslovakia, Ethio­ load factor (percentage of available siders 55 percent an optimum long-term pia, West Germany, Ghana, Greece, spaces filled averaged over an entire average) resulted in crowded trains and Hungary, Kenya, Mauritius, Nigeria, journey) was up 12 percent in July over also helped explain why Amtrak's reve­ Pakistan, Poland, Singapore, South the same month a year ago. On the long nues in July were up 26 percent over Africa and South Korea.

First Class Mail U.S. POSTAGE PAID 1 oz. Permit 44651 Washington, D.C. National Railroad Passenger Corporation 955 L'Enfant Plaza North, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20024

ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED