Environmental and Social Monitoring Report (Part 1)

Project Number: 50156-001 January 2020

INO: Muara Laboh Geothermal Power Project (Republic of Indonesia)

Semi-Annual Report (July to December 2017)

Prepared by PT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh for the Asian Development Bank

The Environment and Social Monitoring Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “Terms of Use” section of this website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Muara Laboh Geothermal Power Project

Environment & Social Monitoring Report Period July - December 2017

ML

RD-RSH-RPT-IEE Rev 1 Issued on 30 January 2019

Confidential

PT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh Menara Sentraya, 23rd Floor, Jl. Iskandarsyah Raya No 1A Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta 12160, Indonesia P +62-21-2788 2222 F +62-21-2788 2333 www.supreme-energy.com

COPYRIGHT: The concepts and information contained in this document are the property of PT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh. Use or copying of this document in whole or in part without the written permission of PT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh constitutes an infringement of copyright.

The Supreme Energy project companies - SE Muara Laboh, SE Rajabasa and SE Rantau Dedap are independent companies developing geothermal projects in Sumatra, Indonesia. Based on the agreement of the shareholders of the individual project companies, the Supreme Energy companies are managed in an integrated way in order to maximize the synergies in terms of use of resources and organization of their core and supporting processes. Consequently, important portions of the documentation body developed and applied within each company (manuals, procedures, description of processes, guidelines etc.) are common to all project companies. The applicability of each document to one or several project companies is reflected in the reference of each document. Any document applicable to SE Muara Laboh contains the characters “ML” in the document reference. Any document applicable to the SE Rajabasa project company contains the characters “RB” in the document reference. Any document applicable to the SE Rantau Dedap project company contains the characters “RD” in the document reference. If a document applies to all three Supreme Energy companies, the term “Supreme Energy” may refer to any and all of these companies.

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Table of Contents

1. Project Information 6 1.1 Project Participants 6 1.2 Project Location 6 1.3 Project Summary 8 1.4 Date of Construction / Operation Commencement 10 1.5 Approvals 12 1.6 Contacts 12 2. Relevant Environmental Permits or Compliance Certificates 13 2.1 New Permit or Compliance Certificates Required and Obtained 13 2.2 Key Developments and Major Changes in Location and Design 14 2.3 Findings of Environmental and OHS Regulatory Inspections or Audits 15 2.4 Monitoring Table Permit / Consultation 16 3. Incidents of Environmental Safeguards Violations or Non-compliance 18 3.1 Summary of Incidents 19 3.2 Summary Table of Incidents 19 4. Incidents of Environmental, OHS Accidents 19 4.1 Environmental Incidents 19 4.2 Occupational/Community Health Incidents 19 4.3 Safety Incidents 19 4.4 Summary Table of Incidents 19 5. Social Safeguards Monitoring 20 5.1 Social Safeguards Monitoring General Overview 20 5.2 Status of Corrective Actions 21 5.3 Summary of Activities Carried Out, Issues and Challenges 21 5.4 Summary of Stakeholder Engagement Plan 22 5.5 Livelihood and skill development opportunities to affected persons through the ISDP 24 5.6 Forward Plan / Next Steps (for the next 6 months) 25 5.7 Labour Hiring and Management 25 6. Environmental Capacity 27 6.1 Staff Capacities in Environmental Management 27 6.2 Degree of Awareness 27 6.3 Training Conducted 27 6.4 Needs Assessment of Environmental Management Capacity 30 6.5 Awareness Level of Contractors’ Field Personnel 30 7. Social Management Capacity 31 7.1 SEML’s Relation Team 31 7.2 Number and Adequacy of Staff to Monitor Labour and Working Conditions 31

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7.3 Training Conducted 31 7.4 Designation and Signature of Person Responsible 31 8. Issues, Status of Implementation of Mitigating Measures in the Environmental Management Plan 32 8.1 Pollution (Air Quality) Monitoring 32 8.2 Water Quality Monitoring 34 8.3 Wastes 35 8.4 Erosion 36 8.5 Water Flow 36 8.6 Aquatic Biota 37 8.7 Flora and Fauna 38 8.8 Biodiversity (Endangered Species) 41 9. Permit Compliance 43 9.1 Compliance with AMDAL Document 43 9.2 Compliance with Environmental Permit 43 10. Biodiversity Action Plan 44 11. Information Disclosure 47

List of Attachments

Attachment 1 : Pictures of Safety Health Environmental Activities Attachment 2 : Social Activities Attachment 3 : Ecosystem Services Assessment Report Attachment 4 : Fish and Macroinvertebrates Study Attachment 5a : Laboratory Analysis Results : Air, Noise, Water, Soil Attachment 5b : Laboratory Analysis Results : Biota

Attachment 5c : Laboratory Analysis Results : H2S (24-hours) and Noise (4-hours) at Wellpad-D Attachment 6 : Hazmat Storage Permit Attachment 7 : Offset Location Survey Report Attachment 8 : Report of Offset Search up to December 2017 Attachment 9 : Attendance List of Meeting With NGO-ICS Attachment 10 : Incident Register July up to December 2017 Attachment 11 : Camera Trap Locations Attachment 12 : List of Attendances of Stakeholder Meeting Attachment 13 : Socio-Economic Survey and Vulnerable Assessment of Affected Households Attachment 14 : Livelihood Restoration Plan Attachment 15 : Grievance Log

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Abbreviations ADB Asia Development Bank EBTKE Energi Baru Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energy (New and Renewable Energy) EPC Engineering, Procurement, and Construction ERM Environmental Resources Management ESAP Environmental and Social Action Plan FC Financial Close FEED Front End Engineering Design ISDP Integrated Social Development Program JBIC Japan Bank for International Cooperation LAPI ITB Lembaga Afiliasi Penelitian dan Industri Institut Teknologi Bandung LIPI Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (National Science Body) OHS Occupational Health and Safety PLN Perusahaan Listrik Negara (National Power Company) PP Pembangunan Perumahan` PPA Power Purchase Agreement PRA Plumpang Raya Anugerah Rekind Rekayasa Industri RKL Rencana Pengelolaan Lingkungan (Environmental Management Plan) RPL Rencana Pemantauan Lingkungan (Environmental Monitoring Plan) ML Muara Laboh NEXI Nippon Export and Investment Insurance SCAR Social Compliance Audit Report SEML Supreme Energy Muara Laboh SEP Stakeholder Engagement Plan SGS Steam Gathering System SHE Safety Health Environment

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1. Project Information

1.1 Project participants

The Project Sponsors are PT. Supreme Energy Muara Laboh (SEML), a company owned by Supreme Energy, Engie Energy Asia Co., Ltd and Sumitomo Corporation. The Sponsors have secured finance for the construction and operation of the Project from commercial banks, with Mizuho Bank, Ltd. (Mizuho) as the mandated lead arranger (MLA), and the following international finance organisations: Asian Development Bank (ADB), Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) and Nippon Export and Investment Insurance (NEXI) (together the Lenders).

1.2 Project Location

The Project is located approximately 150km south east of Padang in the Solok Selatan Regency, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The Project’s location and layout are presented in Figures below.

The Project area of approximately 140 hectares (ha) lies within the Liki Pinangawan Muaralaboh Geothermal Working Area (Wilayah Kerja Pertambangan, WKP), which is situated along the trend of the Great Sumatran Fault that runs parallel to the southwestern coast of Sumatra.

The Project is located in the Barisan Mountain range (Bukit Barisan) at an altitude of approximately 1,500 metres above sea level. The climate of this region is characterized by relatively heavy rainfall throughout the year and the local area is prone to landslides during periods of heavy rain. The Project is located in land that was previously used as a tea plantation and is adjacent to the Kerinci Seblat National Park (Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat, TNKS) which is a UNESCO world heritage site (Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatera /TRHS). Existing monitoring data for the site indicates that baseline air quality, water quality and noise levels are good as would be expected in an area with little industry and pollution sources.

There are several small settlements (Jorong) in the vicinity of the project site: Pinang Awan, Taratak Tinggi, Kampung Baru and Pekonina. Although residential areas are all more than 1.5km from the power plant and production wellpad areas, other project infrastructure such as reinjection wellpads and access roads are located in close proximity to local communities.

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Figure-1 : Location Map of Muara Labuh

Figure-2 : Project Layout

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1.3 Project Summary

Following the completion of the access roads and 6 wellpads (ML-A, -B, -C, -D, -E and -H), SEML started the exploration drilling which was completed in September 2013. To date, SEML has drilled six full‐ diameter exploration wells at Muara Laboh (ML‐A1, ‐B1, ‐C1, ‐E1, ‐H1, and ‐H2).

GeothermEx (Lenders’ Resource Consultant) conducted a due diligence and estimated that the capacity is approximately 60MW gross electrical based on single flash technology. In order to improve the station capacity, and project economics, it was proposed that the Muara Laboh Geothermal Power Project Stage 1 Development will utilize dual flash technology to increase the generation output to approximately 80MW net.

Supporting facilities including the admin complex, staff accommodation, water intakes, temporary water supply pipelines, yard and workshop areas and security posts have also been constructed.

Afer Financial Close (FC) in February 2017, the Notice to Proceed was issued to the consortium of Sumitomo-Rekayasa Industri-Fuji on 24 March 2017 and the site activities started on 14 April 2017 to clear the land for one new wellpad (ML-F) and its access road, power plant area, temporary contractor site office and disposal area.

Eleven new wells will be drilled across five wellpads (ML-A, -H, -D, -E and -F). Drilling of ML-A2 was commenced on 24 May 2017 with drilling rig from PT Plumpang Raya Anugerah (PRA). Second drilling rig from PRA was utilized in August 2017 to drill ML-E2. Nine wells have been drilled, 1 well is being drilled (ML-F1), and the last well (ML-F2) is still to be drilled.

The wellheads, together with the proposed pipelines, separators and other associated infrastructure will form the Steam Gathering System (SGS). The proposed power plant to be constructed will comprise one dual flash condensing steam turbine, eight-cell cooling tower, a switchyard and ancillary infrastructure.

PLN is responsible for building the transmission infrastructure for the Project; the interface between PLN and SEML’s responsibilities is the power plant switchyard. PLN proposed to construct a new substation (Muara Laboh substation ; name is in lieu of Batang Sangir in the past) on SEML land approximately 3.4km from the power plant and a new 150kV transmission line from the switchyard to this substation; the substation would also provide connection for a separate local hydroelectric project and potentially other power generation facilities in the local area. The 3.4km 150kV transmission line from the power plant’s switchyard to the PLN Muara Laboh substation is considered as an “associated facility” and therefore forms part of the Project.

The proposed transmission line route and substation location are shown in Figure below.

Land acquisition of the 150kV transmission line is due to commence in 2018 followed by physical construction. Energization is in April 2019.

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Figure-3 : Proposed Transmission Line Route (Yellow) and Muara Laboh Substation Location

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1.4 Date of Construction / Operation Commencement

The following items were described as the key milestones which lead to the determination of commercial operations.  Commercial Operation Date (COD) is September 2019, which is 30 months after Notice to Proceed (NTP).

Historical Milestones 26 January 2017 Signing of Common Terms Agreement with Lender

7 February 2017 First Drawdown Notice Issued

16 February 2017 First Advance received

24 February 2017 PPA Effective Date obtained

24 March 2017 Second Drawdown Notice Issued NTP Issued to EPC Contractor ITP Issued to Drilling Rig Contractor 20 April 2017 Second Advance received (Wet Financial Close)

24 May 2017 Spud in ML-A2 with Rig No 1

4 July 2017 Spud in ML-A3 with Rig No 1

3 August 2017 Spud in ML-E2 with Rig No 2

5 August 2017 Spud in ML-A4 with Rig No 1

9 September 2017 Spud in ML-H2RD with Rig No 1

5 October 2017 Spud in ML-H3 with Rig No 1

5 October 2017 Spud in ML-D1 with Rig No 2

7 November 2017 Spud in ML-H4 with Rig No 1

28 November 2017 Spud in ML-D2 with Rig No 2

30 November 2017 Temporary DN200 Separated Water System ML-A to ML-E Pipeline Construction Complete (Handover delayed from original target of 23 August 2017)

26 December 2017 Wellpad ML-F Construction Completion (Handover delayed from original target of 23 October 2017)

27 December 2017 Spud in ML-F1 with Rig No 1

Future Milestones 23 January 2018 Wellpad ML-A and ML-F Optional Works Decision

23 May 2018 Recommended Spares Order Deadline

23 June 2018 Wellpad ML-A Handover for Wellhead Connection Works

23 September 2018 Wellpad ML-H Handover for Wellhead Connection Works

23 October 2018 Wellpad ML-D Handover for Wellhead Connection Works

23 November 2018 Wellpad ML-E Handover for Wellhead Connection Works

23 November 2018 Wellpad ML-F Handover for Wellhead Connection Works

23 November 2018 Service Water System Handover for SWS Permanent Installation

23 January 2019 Alternative Commissioning Optional Works Decision

23 January 2019 Date of Geothermal Energy Availability

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23 March 2019 SGS Pre-Performance Verification Test Completion

23 April 2019 Transmission Network ready for Energization Date

23 June 2019 Ready for Initial Synchronization Date

23 September 2019 Commercial Operation Date

(source: Project Monthly Report - December 2017)

Environment Impact during the Project Phase: Of the possible environmental impacts that maybe affected due to the on-going project activities, increase in noise levels due to high levels of mobilisation and construction works is the most apparent. Dust control can also become quite an issue with the high amount of vehicles coming in and out of the project area. However, the project area is also known for high levels of rainfall. Surface water and air quality, while can be impacted by the work is still rather less severe than noise. Erosion while possibly impacted by the high number of mobility and rainfall seems to not be impacted very much. PT SEML however, is continually monitoring such cases and opt to implement the best possible corrective and preventive actions.

Figure-4 : Pictures of PRA Drilling Rig #1 at ML-A and Land Preparation of Power Plant and Temporary Contractor Site Office

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1.5 Approvals

Prepared by: VPs and Head of Department

Approved by: Board of Directors

1.6 Contacts Company : PT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh Address : Menara Sentraya, 23rd Floor Jl. Iskandarsyah Raya no. 1A, Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta 12160 Ph: +62-21 2788 2222 Fax: +62-21 2788 2333 Attn : Nisriyanto

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2. Relevant Environmental Permits or Compliance Certificates

This Chapter discusses relevant environmental permits or compliance certificates as required by SEML, including the latest permits or compliance certificates obtained from July until end of December 2017, key developments and any major changes in location and design, and findings of any environmental and OHS regular inspections audits.

Monitoring Item Monitoring Results during Reporting Period

Permit Permit for B3 Waste Temporary Storage (Environmental) Application Date: Obtained Date: Valid until: Status: Obtained 2 June 2017 28 August 2017 28 August 2022

2.1 New Permit or Compliance Certificates Required and Obtained

During July upto December 2017, SEML has received approval for Feasibility Study, appointment of Temporary Technical Head of Geothermal, Business License for Electricity Supply, and various building permits.

No Document Number Subject Issued by Issue Date

1 66/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Building permit (Office) Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017

2 67/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Building permit (Power House) Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017

3 68/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Building permit (Store) Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017

4 69/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Building permit (WTP & Fire Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017 Pump House) 5 70/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Building permit (Workshop Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017 Building) 6 71/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Building permit (Switch Control Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017 Building) 7 72/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Building permit (Cooling Tower) Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017

8 60/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Temporary building permit Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017 (Temporary Guard House) 9 61/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Temporary building permit Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017 (Temporary canteen) 10 62/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Temporary building permit Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017 (Temporary EPC contractor Site Office) 11 63/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Temporary building permit Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017 (Temporary Warehouse) 12 64/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Temporary building permit Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017 (Temporary EPC contractor Site Office)

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13 65/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Temporary building permit Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017 (Temporary Client Site Office) 14 75/ IMB/ DPM & PTSP - 2017 Temporary building permit Investment Coordinating Board - South Solok 20/07/2017 (Temporary Pray House) 15 660.263-2017 Hazardous Material Temporary Regent of South Solok 28/08/2017 Storage Building Permit 16 Aditama Reward Certificate Received Soebroto Award for ESDM 27/09/2017 best of “Safety and Health Management for Geothermal Project Category” 17 Utama Reward Certificate Received Soebroto Award for ESDM 27/09/2017 second best of “Environment management for Geothermal Project Category”

2.2 Key Developments and Major Changes in Location and Design

 No major changes to location and design were made.

 Priority SHE documents have been completed:  Ecosystem Service Assessment: the survey was conducted by ERM Indonesia in December 2017. Upon the survey, it was identified that Freshwater and Erosion Regulation were identified as the Priority Ecosystem Services. Source of water from the area of interest is used often used for irigation system and micro hydro development. Based on the survey, Muara Laboh is also identified to function for regulating erosion on slopes and riparian areas within the vicinity. The project shall make sure that its impact will not affect the mentioned services. Water quality and quantity measurement efforts will be implemented by SEML accordingly. Similarly, erosion regulation in the form of efficient / minimal mass soil movement and landslide protection measures will be implemented accordingly. A similar approach is to be applied for the lesser ecosystem services identified.

 Aquatic and Macroinvertebrates Survey: the survey was conducted by ERM and the relevant experts of the Biology Department of the University Andalas in in December 2017. Based on the surveys performed, it can be concluded that the stream ecosystem within PT SEML’s project area is relatively undisturbed. This can be attributed to the number of microinvertebrate species identified in each stream (19-27 genera). The number of individuals also range from 95 to 206 with a moderate number of diversity index for each genera.

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2.3 Findings of Environmental and OHS Regulatory Inspections or Audits

Findings are listed in the below table.

No Inspection Date By Findings Current Status

1 8 November 2017  Environmental office of South Solok (Dinas To compile the seventh Completed Perumahan Kawasan Permukiman dan manifest (copy signed by the Lingkungan Hidup / DPKPLH) receiver) from transporter

2. 4-7 July 2017 Mott MacDonald Invasive Species Control Completed; Daily workers for invasive species control and construction of wheel washing facilities Update SEML’s EMP Completed; Waste Management: Waste Completed; maintained Segregation and housekeeping regularly at storage areas Provision of spill kits at fuel Completed; maintained storage areas regularly Initiate 24 hr H2S monitoring Completed; equipments have been procured and have started regular 3 monthly monitoring in 2018 Initiate 48 hr noise monitoring Completed; equipments have been procured and have started regular 3 monthly monitoring in 2018 Maintenance and monitoring Completed; maintained of amorphophalus sp in-situ regularly nursery

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2.4 Monitoring Table Permit /Consultation

Monitoring Item Consultation during Reporting Period

Consultation Name of Consultation Consultation with TNKS

Date/Venue 21 July 2017 at 5 potential offset locations

Please summarize the main discussion points, Surveyed 5 locations proposed by TNKS for offset and attach the minutes of meeting.

Monitoring Item Consultation during Reporting Period

Consultation Name of Consultation Seminar held by Ministry of Environment and Forestry : Contribution of private company for restoration of national parks

Date/Venue 24 October 2017 at Jakarta

Please summarize the main discussion points, Sharing experience by other companies and attach the minutes of meeting. Showed the interest to participate in TNKS program for restoration / rehabilitation

Monitoring Item Consultation during Reporting Period

Consultation Name of Consultation Compose TNKS programs for 2018

Date/Venue 8 & 9 November 2017 at TNKS Head Office in Sungai Penuh

Please summarize the main discussion points, Showed SEML interest to participate in TNKS program for and attach the minutes of meeting. restoration / rehabilitation

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Monitoring Item Consultation during Reporting Period

Consultation Name of Consultation Seminar held by Ministry of Environment and Forestry : Gathering Input from Stakeholders : regarding Money Contribution from Activities Within National Park

Date/Venue 12 December 2017 at Bogor

Please summarize the main discussion points, Benchmark with various other activities such as ecotourism, and attach the minutes of meeting. restorateion, etc.

Monitoring Item Consultation during Reporting Period

Consultation Name of Consultation Consultation with ADB and ERM

Date/Venue 15 December 2017 Conference call meetings

Please summarize the main discussion points, Discussion on Biodiversity Offset Strategy :

and attach the minutes of meeting. Reported results of survey of potential offset locations

Monitoring Item Consultation during Reporting Period

Consultation Name of Consultation Consultation with NGO ICS regarding biodiversity in Solok Selatan

Date/Venue 27 December 2017 at SEML site office in Muara Laboh

Please summarize the main discussion points, To seek information on biodiversity in Solok Selatan and the and attach the minutes of meeting. exoerience of ICS to conduct rehabilitation / restoration

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3. Incidents of Environmental Safeguards Violations or Non-compliance

This Chapter discusses relevant incidents of environmental safeguards violations based on applicable environmental standards and regulations along with the correctives actions, deadlines, identification of responsible parties, and status of implementation of corrective action plan.

3.1 Summary of Incidents

There had been no issues found related to incidents of environmental safeguards, violations or non- compliance, and hence no corrective actions were required.

Standards Status of Nature of Date & Date / Responsible and Corrective Corrective Non- Authorities Time Agency Regulations Actions Action compliance Recorded Violated Implementation

------

3.2 Summary Table of Incidents

No Date/Time Incident Summary

1. 29-Jul-17 Water from yard 3 was discharged into irrigation commonly used for daily activities. The corrective action plan was to stop waste water going into the irrigation system and cleaning of the control tub by suction and cleaning the irrigation channel. The issue was closed out in 04-Aug-17.

2. 4-Jul-2017 There was an slight increase in turbidity at Bangko Putih River stream at SEML Site. This was due to a landslide that occured within the TNKS area, thus . A joint survey consisting of PT SEML, Local Forestry officers and Local environment office officers was conducted to monitoring the area. The occurence was only temporary and has since closed out.

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4. Incidents of Environmental, OHS Accidents

This Chapter discusses incident recorded dates and responsible agencies, the scale of damage and injury, authorities in charge of investigation/ recording, media or community reactions and corrective actions, deadlines, identification of responsible parties.

4.1 Environmental Incidents No Environmental incidents were reported during the period.

4.2 Occupational / Community Health Incidents No Occupational/ Community Health Incidents were reported during the period.

4.3 Safety Incidents For the period of July - December 2017, the project totals to date are zero lost time incidents and zero fatalities.

4.4 Summary Table of Incidents

Safe MH YTD Safe MH since Last LTA Safe Working Hours (to end Dec’17) (since 5 Oct’16)*

Employee and Temporary Workers 218,913 264,127

Contractors 1,685,810 1,747,480 *: Last LTA = 4 October 2016 due to LTA of a contractor daily worker during public road repair (outside project / mining area)

Date / No Incident Summary Time

See Attachment 10 : Incident Register July up to December 2017

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5. Social Safeguards Monitoring

This chapter discusses progress in implementation of the social safeguard compliance audit report and corrective action plan, summary of activities carried out, implementation of grievance mechanisms, resources for implementation of social safeguards, forward plan of social safeguards, labour hiring and management.

5.1 Social Safeguards Monitoring General Overview

Based on the Corrective Action Plan, Mott MacDonald (MMD) Social Compliance Audit Report (SCAR) and MMD Environment and Social Action Plan (ESAP) Revision C; SEML and MMD responses dated 13 February 2017; SEML has conducted several activities to comply with all of the requirements. Moreover, to ensure that all of the actions produce deliverables which are in line with the requirements and meet with the deadline. The activities were as follow:

1. Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) has been updated in order to capture updated activities and results. During second semester, several engagement activities has been conducted, EPC Contractor received 8 (eight) grievance, and 3 (three) grievances were received by SEML. In regards with The Livelihood Restoration Plan, it had been submitted on 30 November 2017. SEML starts to engage the consultant to assist in implementation while in parallel SEML also conduct engagement to the local authorities.

2. Work closely with PLN during land procurement process for the 3.4 km transmission line: According to latest minutes of meeting with PLN UIP Kitsum and PLN UIP SBT, the land acquisition schedule targeted to complete for Muara Labuh Substation is February 2018 including the Transmission Line from SEML Power Plant Switchyard to Muara Labuh Substation. PLN informed that the identification of landowner has been finished in December 2017.

3. Based on the result of the community focus group discussion, which is strongly supported by the local government, and internal discussion during CSR Program Plan and Budget preparation SEML plans to construct the Community Sport Centre. The appointed consultant is in progress on developing the preliminary design of Community Sport Centre.

4. As per approved CSR Program Plan & Budget 2017, SEML continued to deliver the CSR Programs to the surrounding community by participating in developing some community infrastructures and also delivers the Public Lecture to South Solok Community Academy students for build the students capacity.

5. SEML has developed the CSR Programs Plan and Budget of 2018, based on the stakeholder meeting result, including several programs proposed based on the LRP documents. This CSR Programs Plan and Budget had been present to the BOD and has been approve by BOD.

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5.2 Status of Corrective actions

Summary of corrective action status as follow:

Completion Corrective Actions Status Comment (%) ESAP action #5: Update SEP 100  SEP has been updated  EPC contractor document No. ML-PRD01-CSR-CPLN-0001 Community Affair & Stakeholder Engagement has been approved ESAP action #6: Employee GM 100 Employee Grievance Mechanism has been developed and communicated to all employee ESAP action #7: Socio-economic monitoring 100 The Survey had been conducted and Lenders had reviewed the report. Based on the Socio-economic monitoring report, SEML produced the Livelihood Restoration Programs (LRP) and implementation will follow. ESAP action #8: Consultation with Minang ethnic 100 The consultation with Minang was done on March 2017 through several FGDs. Engagement also has been performed by SEML relations

5.3 Summary of Activities Carried Out, Issues and Challenge

During the second half-year of 2017, Relation Team continously performed and participated several activities. The activities mainly were engagement with all related key stakeholders; conduct Stakeholder Meeting and Engagement with Minang, Youth and Women; implementation of several community development programs; coordination with the EPC contractor with regards to the stakeholders engagement plan, recruitment process, local suppliers management, grievance, etc. All activities carried out were intend to comply with the national law ®ulation and International standard.

During this period, no land procurement activity conducted. SEML plans to procure the land for slope stability activity in the project area.

Land Acquisition/Change 1. Do changes in land ownership and land tenure (if any) for the project purpose cause conflict in communities? in land ownership and If yes, please describe the details and the measures. land tenure Yes No No 2. Please describe on the land acquisition process during the monitoring period (if any). (e.g. land certification process)

Not available

Livelihood Restoration 1. Please describe integrated Social Development Program, including CSR activities, which are conducted during the monitoring period. Please refer to tables in Section 5.4 and 5.5

2. Please provide with the monitoring report of Livelihood Opportunity and Skill Development Programs for Affected Households. Especially, please describe in case any household whose livelihood has been worse than pre-project level. Discuss impacts on the vulnerable households, in a separate section. Please find the Socio-economic Survey and Vulnerable Assessment of Affected Household (attachment 13). Based on this report, SEML has developed the Livelihood Restoration Program (LRP) (attachment 14). The LRP will be implemented as per schedule.

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Grievances 1. Please provide us with the grievance log, if any receiving/on-going/closing grievances during the monitoring period, which includes the contents, receiving date, closing date, current situation, etc. of the grievance.

See the Grievance Log (attachment 15) Employment 1. Please describe number and proportion of local workforce employed for the project. Please include the Opportunities numbers of affected persons who have been engaged in the workforce. Recruitment process was conducted based on the specification and needs required by the Company. Most of the employee came from local people (60%). However, based on the Socio economic Survey report the number of direct affected person/household (former land owners), who work for SEML or its suppliers/contractors is still very low. This is expected will increase during the escalation of the construction activity, and operation activity.

Community Income 1. Please describe if any changes can be quantitatively observed in the community income due to the project. (e.g. increasing income by working as local labor, doing small business, etc.) There are several multiplier effect due to existence of the project: many street vendors were opened, small restaurant, many local people become a supplier for the project, better infrastructure in the area surrounding the project, etc.

Community Perception 1. Are there any negative perceptions towards the Project activities? If yes, please describe the details and mitigation measures. Yes No In general, there was no major negative perception towards the project activity (refer to the Socio economic survey report)

Community Health 1. Are there any negative impacts on community health caused by the project? (e.g. increasing of infectious disease, problems at sanitation facilities, etc.) If yes, please describe the details and mitigation measures. Yes No There was no major negative impact on community health caused by the project.

5.4 Summary of Stakeholder Engagement Plan

Summary of the stakeholder engagement activities carried out during the reporting period, in line with the project’s commitments in the stakeholder engagement plan is summarized in the following table.

SEML Participants Date of Information Response Location Theme (Number of Key Issues Raised Consultation Disseminated and Action Participants) Taken

4 July Bangko Turbidity in Asharry Joint survey to  Team will be form soon SEML will 2017 Putih Bangko Putih Sofyan, Fikry check if there is any  Logistic was supported by support the River River that R, M. Roza , landslide in TNKS SEML investigation stream at crossing SEML Dwi Rahayu, area Some people from surrounding process. SEML Site Project Site Forestry community will be involved as Officer, witness TNKS,BLHD & PSDA 17 Aug Kampung SEML Free  198 Free Medical  Appreciation from head of SEML 2017 Baru Medical participants Treatment and hamlets (sub-village), head of appreciates Hamlet Treatment and from the Blood Donor village and head of sub- the Blood Donor surrounding district. enthusiasm Program community 50 participants from company and its business partner donor their blood 28 Sep TNKS Coordination Bujang Joan, Collecting  TNKS will give the location SEML will 2017 Office at Meeting Andreas H, information that will rehabilitated coordinate Sungai related to Dwi Rahayu, regarding location with TNKS

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SEML Participants Date of Information Response Location Theme (Number of Key Issues Raised Consultation Disseminated and Action Participants) Taken

Penuh – Rehabilitation David (TNKS that will official Jambi Zone Officer) rehabilitated (Biodiversity Offset Plan) 17 Oct Wisma SEML 40 participants  Socialization of  Request for support on  SEML CSR 2017 Gemini - Stakeholder were present, four pillars Infrastructure development Program Muara Meeting including the  CSR Program 2017  Economic empowerment for Plan and Laboh Wali Nagari Implementation community especially for Budget (Village Head), Report youth and women 2018 Camat  Collecting organization already (Kecamatan proposed CSR  Development of CSR activities approved Head), Program 2018 for 2018, developed together and Kapolsek  CSR Program with attending participants, disseminat (District Police synchronization including education and ed Head), Koramil with the results of health, economic (Military the kecamatan empowerment, District Head), Development infrastructure, and public figures Planning community relations program (Tokoh Consultative Masyarakat), Meeting and previous (MUSRENBANG -- CSR Musyawarah beneficiaries. Perencanaan Pembangunan) accommodating proposed CSR Program. 16 Nov SEML Site Site Visit  SEML Team Project Progress  SEML shall give attention to  SEML will 2017 House of Update local content give Representativ attention es Team to local (Chairman, content Vice Chairman SEML explains and Members) the Nagari Committee position as advisor 4 Dec SEML The Asharry  Evaluation on last  SEML will support the Nagari SEML will 2017 Mess Hall inauguration Sofyan, Bujang Nagari Committee Committee Work Plan and support the of the Joan, M. Roza, performance Budget after get approval Nagari Committee of ZamZami  Work Plan and from the Management. Committee the Nagari (camat Pauh Budget for Nagari Work Plan Committee for duo), Rolly Committee and Budget the period of Anmar (Camat after get 2017-2018 Sei.Pagu), approval from Agutinus Pigay the (Kapolsek Se Management. Pagu), Betrimeldi (Danramil Muara Labuh), Ketua KAN dan 5 Wali Nagari

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5.5 Livelihood and skill development opportunities to affected persons through the ISDP

Implementation of ISDP components to affected persons Implementation Period : July - December 2017 No. Activity Target beneficiaries Status Remarks

1 Economic empowerment

Provision of Macadamia seeds for local farmers Local Villagers Completed The seeds has been distribute to Pauh Duo Districts

2 Education and scholarship

Geothermal Training at Local Academic (Akademi Komunitas) Local Students Completed SEML delivers 4 class of public lecture during July – December 2017

3 Infrastructure improvements

Improvements to infrastructure in the project villages such as : Local Communities affected by the project Completed Installation has been done

street light improvement, etc. Improvement to local customary office Customary Organizations (Minang Adat) Continue See Appendix B.3

4 Donations and community relationship Donations or sponsorship on several events such sports events, Solok Selatan Regency Continued SEML participated in Regency, Sub-District, Villages independence day, religious festivals and Sub-villages community and/or religious

events Support local values / customs Solok Selatan Regency Completed SEML supports customary event

5 Support for implementation of social development program ISDP consultant for report and documentation Project Affected Household Continued Livelihood Restoration Plan had been developed

Management of grievance redress mechanism Local Government Officials Continued SEML and REKIND conduct regular coordination

meeting with Local Head of Villages Disclosure materials preparation and printing Local Villagers Continued Share and distribute the Grievance Contact Card –

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5.6 Forward Plan / Next Steps (for the next 6 months)

SEML has set a forward plan for the next 6 (six) months that consists of the following programs, i.e:  Monitoring the process of transmission line foot-print tower land acquisition.  Continuing Implementation of Integrated Social Development Programs, including the programs for affected households based on LRP document.  Continue to engage and communicate with all related key stakeholders, and strengthen of recordkeeping of stakeholder engagement process.  Continue to disseminate the grievance mechanism and improve Grievance Log recordkeeping.  Monitoring and reporting activities

5.7 Labour Hiring and Management

 Project procedures for hiring: - SEML, contractors and the Committee Nagari discussed the local labour recruitment and local business opportunity. - The public consultation concerning EPC works was conducted to inform the hiring process, number of local labour needed, and local business opportunity. - Pre-qualification process to the potential local contractors has been conducted as well. - During the first work commencement in the second semester of 2017, the contractors also have recruited local workers from the vicinity of the project area.

 Requirements on workers recruitment with information on origin of migrant or local workers, position / work occupied, and with sex disaggregation (the Borrower and the contractors). Please see below Table.

 Tracking of recruitment of women personnel (the Borrower and the contractors). Please see below Table.

 Compliance to core labor standards and compliance with national laws, based on workplace inspection, observation and audit.

 Workers recruitment process was witnessed by Solok Selatan’s Manpower Representatives for fairness, compliance to regulation and empowering the government officials.

 No grievance was raised due to the recruitment process.

 Summary of manpower for all activity on Muara Laboh Project site is provided below. EPC detailed manpower schedules is available in the EPC Contractor Report.

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Local Non-Local Expats Total Female

Field Operation During Development (FODD) SEML Supervision 10 4 0 14 2 FODD Contractors 116 30 0 146 9 Secondary Works Civil & Infrastructure Works 22 30 0 52 0 Casing Installation Contractor 22 30 0 52 0 EPC Contract SEML Supervision 3 6 1 10 1 Project Management & Supervision 58 49 5 112 5 Civil & Structural Work 193 25 1 219 0 Mechanical, Piping & Insulation Work 3 10 1 14 0 Electrical & C&I Work 24 11 0 35 0 Commissioning 0 0 0 0 0 Drilling Execution SEML Supervision 2 10 2 14 0 Rig Contractor 78 139 0 227 7 Supporting Services Contractors 4 36 0 40 0 Subsurface and Well Testing SEML Supervision 0 2 0 2 0 Well Site Geologist 0 2 0 2 0 Well Testing Contractor 5 25 0 30 1 Total Contractors 579 352 5 946 22 Total SEML Employees (including Direct Contract) 15 21 3 40 3

The manpower statistics for Head Office are included below and these numbers are included in SEML overall safety statistics.

National Expats Total Female Total Head Office Contractors 16 0 16 1 SEML Head Office Dedicated Employees 6 1 7 3 SEML Head Office Shared Employees 75 2 77 19

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6. Environmental Capacity

This Chapter discusses staff capacities in environmental management, degree of awareness, training conducted, needs assessment of environmental management capacity and awareness level of contractors’ staff trained.

6.1 Staff Capacities in Environmental Management

During this period SEML maintain 7 (seven) Site SHE persons (back-to-back) to handle the site activities, i.e. 3 Safety Health persons and 1 Environmental person for EPC construction side and 3 SHE persons for Drilling side. Therefore, SEML site personnel is also assisted by 4 (four) SHE personnel in Jakarta.

6.2 Degree of Awareness

The current personnel responsible for SHE management have sufficient knowledge of environmental management, health and safety requirements, including environmental laws and regulations.

6.3 Training Conducted

SHE induction is conducted to all new workers and visitors. Various SHE trainings are conducted to SEML employees and long-term contractor workers.

Various SHE Induction (by request) 03 July, 2017 : Fire Drill (Fire Pump function test) 03 July, 2017 : Conduct Hygiene Awareness Refreshing Training. Participant: KSU Staff 04 July, 2017 : Participate and delivered SHE Awareness Training in weekly EPC General SHE Talk in Rekind’s Office Participant : 15 Personnel 04 July, 2017 : H2S Drill (Evacuation and SCBA Function Test) Participant : 20 personnel night shift crew; 37 Personnel Day shift crew 14 July, 2017 : H2S Drill (Evacuation and SCBA Function Test) Participant : 57 Personnel (All crew) 11 July, 2017 : Trip Drill (BOP) Participant : 6 Personnel (Rig Supt. Tool Pusher, Driller, Asst Driller, Derrickman, Floorman) 14 July, 2017 : Facilitated SEML Site Training package for PRA#09 Safety induction 12 July, 2017 : SCBA Training (30 minutes) Participant : 8 Personnel 16 July, 2017 : SCBA Training (30 minutes) Participant : 3 Personnel 18 July, 2017 : SCBA Training (30 minutes) Participant : 7 Personnel 19 July, 2017 : SCBA Training (30 minutes) Participant : 9 Personnel 21 July, 2017 : SCBA Training (30 minutes) Participant : 4 Personnel 30 July, 2017 : Facilitate Defensive Driving Training for new driver CV. DKB Participant : 10 Personnel 2-3 Aug 2017: Participated in “Simulation of Geological Disaster with topic eruption of Kerinci Mountain” at Pesona Alam Sangir Hotel. Participant : SEML Site Environment Engineer 08 Aug 2017 : SCBA refresher training (day&night shift) Rig No 1 Participant : Welltesting Unit (12 personel) 10 Aug 2017 : Trip Drill and BOP Drill Participant : Rig No 1 Crew 10 Aug 2017 : SCBA Refresher Training

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Participant : SEML SHE and Company Man 10 Aug 2017 : H2S Emergency Drill Participant : Rig No 2 Crew & SEML Drilling 12 Aug 2017: Fire Drill Participant : Rig No 2 Crew 22 Aug 2017 : Participated in socialization “Forest Fire Prevention” at DPKPLH, 22 August 2017 Participant: SEML Site Environment Engineer 16 Aug 2017: Participated for Blood Donation and Free Medical Assistance program in Kampung Baru – 16 August 2017 Participant : SEML and Contractors 21 Aug 2017: SCBA Refresher Training Participant : Rig No 2 Crew (29 Personel) 25 Aug 2017 : Leadership Training Participant : Rig No 1 Crew (23 personel) 26 Aug 2017: BOP Drill Participant : Rig No 2 Crew 26 Aug 2017 : First Aid Training (Leg Fracture Scenario) Participant : Rig No 1 Crew 02 Sep 2017: SCBA Refresh Training & Stretcher Training Participant : Rescue Team, Derrick Man (4 persons) PRA#9 08 Sep 2017 : SCBA Refresh Training Participant : Parama, SDI (4 persons) PRA#9 09 Sep 2017 : H2S Drill Participant: Rig PRA#07 10 Sep 2017 : Emergency fire drill at drilling base camp Participant : All drilling crew 12 Sep 2017 : SCBA Refresh Training & Emergency Route Participant : Rescue Team PRA#9 (4 persons) 13 Sep 2017: SCBA Refresh Training Participant : Floor man PRA#7 (5 persons) 15 Sep 2017 : SCBA Refresh Training Participant: SEML Company Man (PRA#7) 15 Sep 2017: Trip & BOP Drill Participant : Rig PRA#07 Crew 16 Sep 2017: SCBA Refresh Training Participant : DHI, Halliburton Baroid, Mud Eng, ADA, Geologist (7 persons) 16 Sep 2017: H2S Drill Rig PRA#07 Crew 18 Sep 2017: 5 minutes SCBA training Participant : Floor Man R 19 Sep 2017 : SCBA Refresh Training & Medivac Training Participant : Rescue Team 19 Sep 2017: Trip & BOP Drill Participant : Rig PRA#07 Crew 19 Sep 2017: Fire Drill Participant : Rig PRA#07 Crew 26 Sep 2017: SCBA Training Participant : Crew I (Night Shift)/ 5 persons 26 Sep 2017: H2S Drill Rig PRA#07 Crew 05 October 2017: H2S Drill PRA#7 Participant : All Crew (Day & Night Shift) PRA#7 05 October 2017: Fire Drill Participant : Fire Rescue Team PRA#9 05 October 2017: H2S Evacuation Drill Participant: All Crew (Day & Night Shift) PRA#9 05 October 2017: Environmental management and Biodiversity Action Plan Participant : 6 personnel 11 October 2017: SCBA Training (30 Minutes) Participant : 3 Personnel (rescue team) 13 October 2017: SCBA Training (30 Minutes) Participant : 4 Personnel (floor man)

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14 October 2017: H2S Evacuation Drill Participant: 41 Personnel 15 October 2017: Defensive Driving Training Participant : 1 Personel (KSU) 16 October 2017: Work Permit Training Participant : Well testing Personel 17 October 2017: Fire Drill PRA #7 Crew 18 October 2017: TOP & BOP Drill Participant : Tool Pusher, Driller, Floorman 18 October 2017: Access control-security gate pass and standard motorbike helmet requirements Participant : 22 Personnel (EPC, Drilling, Security, FODD) 21 October 2017: Medivac Drill Participant : Rescue team & Paramedic (PRA#7) 01 November 2017 H2S Training (ML-H3)Participant : 4 Personnel 02 November 2017 Public lecturer class session “Basic SHE Management” at Akademi Komunitas Solok Selatan Participant : Students at Akademi Komunitas Solok Selatan 04 November 2017 Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Training (ML-H3)Participant: 9 Personnel (Night Shift) 10 November 2017 SHE Classroom training "working at height" for WKS employee who working in admin Block#8Participant : WKS Employees 12 November 2017 Emergency Response Procedure Drill (Trip Drill)Participant : 5 Personnel (Tool pusher, derrick man, driller, asst driller, floorman) 14 November 2017 Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Training (ML-H4)Participant : 3 Personnel (Day Shift) 14 November 2017 Refresh Donning Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Training (ML-H4)Participant: 4 Personnel (Floorman) 15 November 2017 H2S Drill and Medevac (ML-H4)Participant : All Crew PRA#7 15 November 2017 Safety Campaign Participant : 29 Personnel (Day Shift) 17 November 2017 Emergency Response Procedure Drill / Blow Out Preventer (BOP) & Trip Drill (ML-H4)Participant: 5 Personnel (Tool pusher, derrick man, driller, asst driller, floorman) 18 November 2017 Fire drill in Base Camp Participant : All camp resident 21 November 2017 H2S Drill (ML-H4)Participant : All Crew PRA#7 21 November 2017 Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Training Participant : 3 Personnel 29 November 2017 Incident Investigation Training  Conducted by EPC-C Participant: 31 Personnel 03 December 2017 H2S Training (ML-H4) Participant : Drilling (Day & Night Shift) PRA#7 04 December 2017 Hygiene and Sanitation training (FIFO/First In First Out) and Personal Hygiene Participant : KSU (Koperasi Sinar Usaha) / SEML 05 December 2017 Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Training (ML-H4) Participant: Rescue Team (5 Personel/PRA#7) 05 December 2017 Emergency Fire Drill (ML-H4) Participant : Fire Fighter PRA#7 08 December 2017 BOP & Trip Drill (ML-H4) Participant : Rig Supt, Driller, Asst. Driller, Derrickman, Floorman 10 December 2017 Emergency Fire Drill on Basecamp (ML-H4) Participant : Fire fighter & All drilling base camp occupant

11 December 2017 H2S Emergency Drill (ML-H4) Participant : Drilling (Day & Night Shift) PRA#7 13 December 2017 Lifting & Rigging Training (PRA#7) Participant : 29 Personel 28 December 2017 Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Training (ML-F1) Participant : Floor man, 4 Roustabouts

28 December 2017 Emergency H2S Drill (ML-F1) Participant : Drilling (Day & Night Shift) PRA#7

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6.4 Needs Assessment of Environmental Management Capacity

 No additional need is required at this stage. If there is a need to improve the capacity, it will be done accordingly.  SEML currently employs ERM Siam to support for biodiversity assessment and environmental advices.  When needed External supports are available through existing consultants such as ERM Siam, as well as experts from local universities, National Park, local Forestry, and NGOs.

6.5 Awareness Level of Contractors’ Field Personnel

 On the job training has been conducted in the form of direct coaching, pre-job meeting, use of display boards, and banners.

 EPC and Drilling contractors have SHE induction and training courses conducted by their internal SHE personnel.

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7. Social Management Capacity

This Chapter discusses staff capacities in social management, degree of awareness, training conducted, needs assessment of social management capacity and awareness level of contractors’ staff trained.

7.1 SEML’s Relation Team

Sr Field Relation Manager Sr Business Relation Manager Site Support Manager

Head of Community Relations & Affair Field Relations Officer

Relations Staff

7.2 Number and Adequacy of Staff to Monitor Labour and Working Conditions

To monitor labour and working conditions, SEML employs 1 (one) experienced managerial levels (Site Support Manager) and 2 (two) Site Representatives.

7.3 Training Conducted

Refresher training for community & communication procedures was conducted on 17 October 2017.

7.4 Designation and Signature of Person Responsible

Head of Community Relation and Affair is responsible for preparing the social safeguards monitoring reports, while Manager of Field Relations and Business Relations Manager are the responsible persons for reviewing the reports.

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8. Issues, Status of Implementation of Mitigating Measures in the Environmental Management Plan

This Chapter discusses status of implementation of mitigating measures in the environmental management plan, and if such issues arise, corrective actions and recommendations, would be act upon.

See attachment for latest laboratory analysis results. The samples were taken by consultant experts and analysis was conducted in a laboratory approved by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF / KLHK).

8.1 Pollution monitoring

 Summary of Air Quality Monitoring as follow: See Attachment 5a

Measurement Period A. [Construction Phase] Excess of standard for Two Times for: Contract (Yes/No)  Noise If yes, please describe  Ambient Air Quality the outline of planned mitigation measures. B. Operation Phase

1. Every 6 months for:  Noise Noise parameter  Air Ambient Quality during the period had  Odor a number of  Emission for Geothermal Power Plant exceedance. This is

2. Yearly (Every One Year) for: attributed due to the  GHG emissions high frequency of mobilisation and construction. This Measurement Method Indonesian National Standards (SNI) guidelines or other standards as follows: however, is only temporary.  Noise : Measurement method and equipment used are based on Decree of MoE No. 48/1996  Emission of Geothermal Power Plant : Measurement method and equipment used are based on Decree of MoE No. 21/2008  Green House Gas  Odor Standard: Measurement method and equipment used are based on Decree of MoE No. 50/1996  Ambient Air Quality: Measurement method and equipment used are based on Government Regulation PP No. 41/1999

Parameter Analysis Method Equipment

SO2 (sulfur Dioxide) Pararosanalin Spectrophotometer CO (Carbon monoxide) NDIR NDIR Analyzer

NO2 (nitrogen Dioxide) Saltzman Spectrophotometer

O3 (oxide) Chemiluminescent Spectrophotometer HC (hydro Carbon) Flamed Ionization Chromatography Gas

PM10 (Particle < 10 μm) Gravimetric Hi-Vol. PM2,5 ( Particle < 2.5 μm) Gravimetric Hi-Vol. TSP (Dust) Gravimetric Hi-Vol. Pb (Lead) Gravimetric Hi-Vol.

Measurement Points A. Construction Phase  Air Ambient Quality Sampling Locations  Noise Sampling Locations

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No Code Location 1 AQ-1 605 meters fromWP-H 2 AQ-2 251 meters from WP-B 3 AQ-3 204 meters from WP-A 4 AQ-4 Intersection to WP-B 5 AQ-5 492 meters from the old power plant 6 AQ-6 154 meters from STA-100 Taratak Tinggi 7 AQ-7 200 meters from acces road to Sapan Sari 8 AQ-1B Wellpad ML-09 9 AQ-2B New Power Plan Location 10 AQ-3B Wellpad ML-F 11 AQ-4B Camp Site Office

B. Operation Phase  Power Plant Emission sampling locations  Green House Gas sampling location  Odor sampling locations  Ambient Air Quality sampling locations  Noise sampling locations

 Summary of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring as follow: See Attachment 5a

No Parameter Unit AQ-1 AQ-2 AQ-3 AQ-4 AQ-5 AQ-6 AQ-7 AQ-1B AQ-2B AQ-3B AQ-4B Threshold 3 1 SO₂ ug/m 31 24 30 30 27 26 25 25 33 31 29 900/1H 2 CO ug/m3 4.162 3.452 4.082 4.006 3.842 3.624 3.528 3.563 4.243 4.117 3.922 30.000/1H 3 3 NO₂ ug/m 28 22 27 27 26 25 23 24 28 28 26 400/1H 3 4 O₃ ug/m 32 30 33 38 37 22 19 118 26 31 28 235/1H 5 Pb ug/m3 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 2/24H 6 HC ug/m3 122 109 127 124 124 79 122 11 129 127 120 160/3H 7 TSP ug/m3 10 14 18 23 129 23 22 8 40 31 15 230/24H 3 8 PM₁₀ ug/m 7 9 11 16 62 13 13 17 22 18 10 150/24H 3 9 PM₂,₅ ug/m 5 6 7 8 33 7 8 5 12 10 6 65/24H 10 NH3 ppm 0,05 0,05 0,04 0,08 0,04 0,2 0,08 0,05 0,07 0,03 0,1 2,0

11 H2S ppm <0,003 <0,003 <0,003 <0,003 <0,003 <0,003 <0,003 <0,003 <0,003 <0,003 <0,003 0,02 12 Styrene ppm <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 0,1 13 Methylmercaptan ppm <0,0017 <0,0017 <0,0017 <0,0017 <0,0017 <0,0017 <0,0017 <0,0017 <0,0017 <0,0017 <0,0017 2 14 Methylsulphide ppm <0,0008 <0,0008 <0,0008 <0,0008 <0,0008 <0,0008 <0,0008 <0,0008 <0,0008 <0,0008 <0,0008 0,01 Primary Data, November 2017

 Summary of Noise Monitoring as follow:

No Parameter Unit AQ-1 AQ-2 AQ-3 AQ-4 AQ-5 AQ-6 AQ-7 AQ-1B AQ-2B AQ-3B AQ-4B Threshold 1 Noise dBA 65 64 87 67 61 70 64 47 75 80 57 55/70 Primary Data, November 2017

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 Summary of Water Quality Monitoring as follow: See Attachment 5a

Measurement Period A. Construction Phase: Excess of national standard (Yes/No) Two Times for: If yes, please describe the outline of  Surface Water Quality planned mitigation measures.  Domestic Waste B. Operation & Post Operation Phase] Every 6 months for:  Surface Water Quality  Active Water Pond (Produced Water)  Community Shallow Ground Water  Domestic Waste

Measurement Method Indonesian National Standards (SNI) guidelines or other standards

Measurement Points  Surface Water Air Quality Location  Water Ponds (Active Water Ponds)  Domestic Waste Water Outlet Location

No Kode Lokasi Reference 1 SW-1 Upstream of Batang Bangko Karuah River 2 SW-2 Center of Batang Bangko Karuah River 3 SW-3 Center of Batang Bangko Janiah River 4 SW-4 Center of Batang Bangko Janiah River 5 SW-5 Upstream of Batang Bangko Janiah River 6 SW-6 Downstream of Batang Bangko Janiah River 7 SW-7 Upstream of Batang Liki River 8 SW-8 Downstream of Batang Liki River

 Summary of Surface Water Quality Monitoring : See Attachment 5a Result No. Parameter Unit Threshold SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 A. Physical 1 Temperature oC Temperature + 3 oC 16 20 32 20 21 19 20 20 2 TDS mg/L 1.000 18 42 131 132 121 113 75 72 3 TSS mg/L 50 5 22 6 4 6 3 10 12 B. Chemical 1 pH - 6 - 9 8,1 7,8 7,4 7,04 7,4 7,3 6,9 7,4 Oksigen Terlarut mg/L 4 3,96 4,5 4,4 4,8 5,0 4,4 4,0 4,2 2 (DO)

3 BOD5 mg/L 3 6 6 6 4,1 4,2 5 7 6 4 COD mg/L 25 26 21 22,1 19 17 22 25,1 23

5 Fosfat (PO4) mg/L 0,2 <0,03 0,02 <0,03 <0,03 <0,03 0,08 0,02 0,06 6 Nitrat (NO3-N) mg/L 10 0,1 <0,05 0,1 0,27 0,1 0,28 0,12 0,07 7 Arsen (As) mg/L 1 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 8 Kobalt (Co) mg/L 0,2 <0,004 <0,004 0,006 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 9 Boron (B) mg/L 1 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 0,05 10 Selenium (Se) mg/L 0,05 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 Khromium VI mg/L 0,05 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 11 (Cr6+) 12 Sianida (CN) mg/L 0,02 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,005

13 Nitrit (NO2-N) mg/L 0,06 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 14 Fluorida (F) mg/L 1,5 0,08 0,04 0,24 0,17 0,3 0,19 0,2 0,09

15 Sulfida (H2S) mg/L 0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 16 Tembaga (Cu) mg/L 0,02 <0,009 <0,009 <0,009 <0,009 <0,009 <0,009 <0,009 <0,009 Khlorin bebas mg/L 0,03 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 17 (Cl2) 18 Timbal (Pb) mg/L 0,03 0,04 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 <0,004 19 Air raksa (Hg) mg/L 0,002 <0,0005 <0,0005 <0,0005 <0,0005 <0,0005 <0,0005 <0,0005 <0,0005 20 Seng (Zn) mg/L 0,05 <0,008 <0,008 <0,008 0,09 <0,008 <0,008 <0,008 0,04

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21 Kadmium (Cd) mg/L 0,01 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 Minyak dan mg/L 0,75 <0,2 <0,2 <0,2 <0,2 <0,2 <0,2 <0,2 <0,2 22 Lemak 23 Detergen (MBAS) mg/L 0,2 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 <0,01 24 Fenol mg/L 0,001 <0,001 <0,001 <0,001 <0,001 <0,001 <0,001 <0,001 <0,001 C. Microbiology 1 Fecal Coliform MPN/100 ml 1.000 1.100 1.200 1.200 1.100 1.100 1.400 1.200 1.300 2 Total Coliform MPN/100 ml 5.000 1.400 1.500 1.500 1.400 1.400 1.700 1.500 1.700 Primary Data, November 2017

8.3 Wastes

Summary of Waste monitoring as follow:

Measurement Period Construction Phase: Any concerns and measures taken: N/A Two times Operation & Post Operation Phase: 1. Liquid domestic waste is treated in Biofill tank. Effluent is not released

Every 6 months to surrounding water bodies.

Measurement Method Calculation of Waste quantity: 2. Increasing site activities produced higher waste. SEML have bought 2 new containers and will increase delivery frequency to cope with it. Liquid Domestic Waste

 Based on Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 5/2014 Appendix. XLVI 3. A temporary hazmat storage building has been completed and certified Solid Waste in August 2017.  Solid Industrial Waste quantity

 Solid Domestic Waste quantity

 Hazardous Waste sent to Licensed Hazardous Waste Treatment Facility Company

Measurement Points 1. Outlets of Domestic Waste Water Treatment from accommodation area

2. Solid Waste

 Solid Industrial Waste Collection Area

 Solid Domestic Waste Collection Area 3. Temporary Storage of Hazardous Waste

 Summary of Solid Waste Monitoring as follow:

Location Parameter Unit Measurement Result Solid Industrial Waste Collecting Area Metal Industrial Waste Weight Tones N/A Non Metal Industrial Waste Weight Tones N/A Solid Domestic Waste Collecting Area Domestic Waste Sent to Government Facility Trip One small container / week

 Summary of Hazardous Waste Monitoring as follow:

Location Parameter Unit Amount Waste Oil / Oily Waste Quantity Ton 0,247 Ton Waste Battery Weight Kg - Other Waste Weight Ton 0,038 Ton

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8.4 Erosions  Summary of Erosions Monitoring as follow:

Construction Phase:

Measurement Period Two Times Any concerns and measures taken: N/A Operation Phase: Note : EPC Contractors conducted soil investigation at power Every 6 months plant and Wellpad-F  Land erosion measurement using small square Measurement Method method,  Rainfall measurement Areas prone to erosion along access road, wellpad,

Measurement Points and geothermal power plant area

 Result of erosion and landslide monitoring at SEML semester 2 - 2017 Erosion Landslide Interval distance Interval distance Lokasi Coordinate Depth Distribution Keterangan between between locations (cm) length (m) locations (m) (m) O Cliff near temporary office 01 37’39,11” LS Light, covered o - - <10 >150 near WP-A 101 07’ 48,97” BT by tarpaulin O WP-B direction 01 37’17,1” LS o - - <10 >150 Light 101 08’ 16,1” BT O - 01 36’59,8” LS o - - <10 >150 Light 101 08’ 12,9” BT O WP-E – WP-A 01 37’06,8” LS o - - 25-<50 50-100 Medium 101 07’40,6” BT Primary Data, November 2017

8.5 Water Flow  Summary of Water Flow Monitoring as follow:

Construction Phase:

Measurement Period Two Times Any concerns and measures taken: N/A Post Operation Phase: Use of drainage system, sediment trap and cloth screen. Every 6 months Sediment charge sampling in inlet and During the reporting period, we had not done any monitoring

Measurement Method outlet of the catch pond, and laboratory for outlets of water. analysis for Total Suspended Solids (TSS) using SNI 06-6989.3-2004 method, as well as determine the effectiveness of catch ponds. Please attach map(s) showing monitoring

Measurement Points points including following locations:  Sediment loads from wellpads of PLTP project sites,  Inlet and outlet of the catchpond, representing sediment that can be managed.

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8.6 Aquatic Biota  Summary of Aquatic Biota Monitoring as follow: See Attachment 5b and Attachment 4

Measurement Period Construction Phase: Any concerns and measures Two times taken: N/A Operation & Post Operation Phase: Every 6 months

Measurement Method Data analysis of number of types, composition, abundance, and diversity of plankton and benthos

Location Latitude Longitude Measurement Points No. Code Degree Minute Second Degree Minute Second 1 SW-1 101 7 37.06 1 37 31.79 2 SW-2 101 7 31.79 1 36 59.07 3 SW-3 101 8 7.08 1 38 5.40 4 SW-4 101 8 1.95 1 36 52.44 5 SW-5 101 7 46.42 1 36 22.01 6 SW-6 101 8 32.18 1 37 58.27 7 SW-7 101 8 51.64 1 37 2.40 8 SW-8 101 9 3.30 1 36 0.61

 Phytoplankton Location Parameter SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 Abundance 16 16 12 14 14 30 13 12 Number of taxa 9 8 7 7 9 10 6 7 Diversity Index 2,95 2,65 2,58 2,55 2,9 3,16 2,35 2,58 H-Max =log S Equitibility 2 0,93 0,88 0,92 0,91 0,91 0,95 0,91 0,92 €= H’/H-max Primary Data, November 2017  Zooplankton Location Parameter SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 Abundance 14 22 14 15 13 20 16 18 Number of taxa 7 9 7 6 7 10 6 7 Diversity Index 2,66 2,9 2,61 2,44 2,72 3,04 2,4 2,59 H-Max =log S Equitibility 2 0,95 0,91 0,93 0,94 0,97 0,92 0,93 0,92 €= H’/H-max Primary Data, November 2017  Benthos Location Parameter SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 Abundance 33 44 55 33 44 66 44 77 Number of taxa 2 3 3 2 3 4 3 4 Diversity Index 0,92 1,5 1,52 0,92 1,5 1,92 1,5 1,84 H-Max =log S Equitibility 2 0,92 0,95 0,96 0,92 0,95 0,96 0,95 0,92 €= H’/H-max Primary Data, November 2017

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8.7 Flora / Fauna  Summary of Flora / Fauna Monitoring as follow:

Measurement Period Construction Phase: Any concerns and measures taken: N/A Two times

Post operation Phase: Every 6 months Flora and fauna for this semester is still continually being monitored. While not many endangered species were encountered/observed, the company is always on the

Measurement Method Data collection method through Inventory /direct lookout. Prior to land clearing of Wellpad F, an endangered - observation of the area to be cleared and re vegetated. species amorphophalus, sp was encountered. Several Data analysis through vegetation analysis. actions were undertaken to address the issue.

Measurement Points Location No Latitude Longitude Code 1 FF-1 101 9 0.35 1 36 19.90 2 FF-2 101 8 42.53 1 37 48.08 3 FF-3 101 7 45.43 1 38 4.49 4 FF-4 101 7 30.93 1 36 49.37

 Inventory of flora at SEML Wellpad (WP) Location No Local name Scientific Name Habitat Status WP- WP- WP- WP- WP- Power A F B H E Plant 1 Gadog Bischofia javanica - - + + + - Trees Not Protected 2 Medang keladi Cinnamomum spp - - + + + - Trees Not Protected 3 Tembesu putih Fagraea fragrans + + + - - + Trees Not Protected 4 Kenari Dacryodes + + + + + - Trees Not Protected 5 Meranti embun Dacrydium elatum + + + + + - Trees Not Protected 6 Pasang kapur Quercus/Lithocarpus + + + + - - Trees Not Protected 7 Jambu-jambu Eugenis sp, + + + + + + Trees Not Protected 8 Puspa Schima walichii, + + + + + + Trees Not Protected 9 Bintangur Calophyllum pulcherrimum + + + + + - Trees Not Protected 10 Sapat Cratoxylon ligustrinum - - + + + - Trees Not Protected 11 Pagar Ixonanthes icosandra + - + + - - Trees Not Protected 12 Semasam Aporosa sp + + + + + - Trees Not Protected 13 Medang kuning Alseodaphne sp, + + + + + + Trees Not Protected 14 Surian bawang Toona sp + + + + + + Trees Not Protected 15 Anggrum/gamal Gliricidia maculate + + + + + + Shrubs Not Protected 16 Kayu mara Macaranga tanarius + + + + + + Shrubs Not Protected 17 Lamtoro/petai cina Leucaena leucocephala + + + + - + Shrubs Not Protected 18 Kayu bodi Ficus religiosa + + + + + + Shrubs Not Protected 19 Sikejut Mimosa pudica + + + + + + Herba Not Protected 20 Pisang Musa sp + + + + + + Trees Not Protected 21 Rotan Calamus, + + + + + + Herba Not Protected 22 Pakis Diplazium esculentum + + + + + + Herba Not Protected 23 Tepus Achasmacoccineum + + + + + + Shrub Not Protected 24 Pepaitan Paspalum conjugatum + - + - - + herba Not Protected 25 Alang-alang Imperata cylindrica + + + + + + Bush Not Protected 26 Kirinyuh Chromolaena odorata + - + + + + Bush Not Protected 27 Semut2 Sp 1 + Bush Not Protected 28 Piang2 Sp 2 + Bush Not Protected 29 Kris2an Sp3 + Herba Not Protected 30 Pasitan Sp4 + Bush Not Protected 31 Balik angin Macaranga recurvata + + + + + - Herba Not Protected 32 Medang putih Litsea spp + + + + + - Trees Not Protected 33 Pasang batu Quercus wallichiana + + + + + - Trees Not Protected 34 Harendong Melastoma affine + + + + + + Bush Not Protected 35 Sengon merah Enterolobium cyclocarpum - - + + + + Trees Not Protected 36 Sengon Paraserianthes falcataria + - - - - + Trees Not Protected

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Wellpad (WP) Location

No Local name Scientific Name WP- WP- WP- WP- WP- Power Habitat Status A F B H E Plant 37 Seduduk Melastoma spp + + + + + + Bush Not Protected 38 Resam Gleichenia linearis + + + + + + Bush Not Protected 39 Bayur putih Pterospermum javanicum + - + + - - Trees Not Protected 40 Kayu Kale Sp 5 + - + + - - Trees Not Protected 41 Medang cengkeh Litsea spp + - + + - - Trees Not Protected 42 Teh Camellia sinensis - - - - + + Herba Not Protected 43 Kayu kasai Pometia + + + + + - Trees Not Protected Kayu 44 Ficus sp + + + + + + Shrubs Not Protected tempe/semantung 45 Kayu labu Endospermum sp + - - + + + Shrubs Not Protected Herba 46 Kayu sirih Piper aduncum - - - - + - Not Protected

47 Kayu aro Ficus sp + + + + + - Trees Not Protected 48 Renghas Gluta - - - - + + Trees Not Protected 49 Seri Muntingia calabura - - - + + - Shrubs Not Protected 50 Nangka Artocarpus - - - - + + Trees Not Protected 51 Kelapa Cocos nucifera - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 52 Gamal Gliricidia sepium - - - - - + Shrubs Not Protected 53 Durian Durio sp - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 54 Jeruk Citrus sp - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 55 Tembelekan Lantana camara - - - - - + Herba Not Protected 56 Gelagah Saccharum spontaneum - - - - - + Shrubs Not Protected 57 Jambu air Eugenia aquea - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 58 Afrika Maesopsis - - - - - + herba Not Protected 59 Sirsak Annona muricata - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 60 Mangga Mangifera - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 61 Alpukat Persea americana - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 62 Pulai Alstonia scholaris. - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 63 Kemiri Aleurites moluccana - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 64 Kopi Coffea robusta - - - - - + Shrubs Not Protected 65 Cemara gunung Casuarina Junghuniana - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 66 Indarung Trema orientalis - - - - - + Shrubs Not Protected 67 Pakis tiang Cyathea contaminans - - - - - + Shrubs Not Protected 68 Jilatang Laportea stimulan - - - - - + Shrubs Not Protected 69 Karet Hevea braziliensis - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 70 Kayu manis Cinnamomum verum - - - - - + Trees 71 Mahoni Swietenia macrophylla - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 72 Bambu Bambuseae - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 73 Salak Salacca zalacca - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 74 Pinang Areca catechu - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 75 Pepaya Carica papaya - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 76 Jeruk bali Citrus maxima - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 77 Rambutan Nephelium lappaceum - - - - - + Trees Not Protected 78 Saninten Castanopsis argentea - - - - - + herba Not Protected 79 Rumput gajah Pennisetum purpureum - - - - - + herba Not Protected 80 Ciplukan Physialis angulata - - - - - + herba Not Protected Primary Data, November 2017

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 Inventory of mamals at SEML Status PP No. Local Name Scientific Name Status no.7 /1999

1 Babi Sus scrofa - J

2 Simpai Presbitys melalophus - I

3 Tupai Callosciurus notatus - L

4 Karo Macaca fascicularis - L

5 Baruak Macaca sp - I

6 Siamang Hylobates syndactylus D S

7 Kalong Pteropus vampyrus - L

8 Landak Hystrix brachyura D I

9 Rusa Cervus spp D I D = Protected; J = Traces; L = See; S = Sound; I = Information Primary Data, November 2017

 Inventory of Herpetofauna at SEML No Local Name Scientific Name Status Remarks

1 Biawak Varanus - I

2 Ular kobra Naja - I

3 Katak Rana - L

4 Kodok Bufo - L D = Protected; J = Traces; L = See; S = Sound; I = Information Primary Data, November 2017

 Inventory of Birds/Raptors at SEML No Local Name Scientifc Name Status Remarks

1 Prenjak Prinia atrogularis - L

2 Takur Megalaima australis - S

3 Bondol Lonchura maja - L

4 Elang Spilornis D L

5 Cucak Pycnonotus melanicterus - L

6 Gereja Passer montanus - L

7 Bubut Centropus sinensis - L

8 Rangkong Buceros rhinoceros D L

9 Merbah Pycnonotus sp - L

10 Punai Treron sp - I

11 Julang emas Aceros undulatus - I

12 Bentet Lanius - S

13 Alap-alap Microhierax sp D I

14 Srigunting Dicrurus - L

15 Bubut Centropus - L

16 Cinenen Orthotamus - S D = Protected; J = Traces; L = See; S = Sound; I = Information Primary Data, November 2017

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8.8 Biodiversity (endangered species)  Summary of Biodiversity (endangered species) Monitoring as follow: Measurement Period Construction Phase: Any concerns and measures taken: N/A Regularly (At least every 3 years) Note: Operation Phase:  Nursing amorphophalus sp (EN) at insitu Regularly (At least every 3 years) nursery Measurement Method  Direct observation  (See attachment for Camera Trap Survey  Camera Trap results) Measurement Points  Number of locations will be determined later based on analysis of the observation data. The below are the previous locations during biodiversity study.

Flora Survey

Amorphophalus sp, an endangered species, was encountered prior to land clearing. The in-situ nursery for this species was developed upon consultion with biodiversity experts. The site is maintained on a regular basis.

Biodiversity Offset Program

Initial offset location join survey between SEML and TNKS was conducted on 21 July 2017. The participants were SEML environmental engineers, officers from the local Forestry department, and Forestry police from TNKS. Based on the initial survey, 5 potential locations were observed, namely: Sungai Lambai, Batang Bangko Keruh, Sungai Ipuh, Bukit Malintang and Bukit Jorong Sandar.

On 20 December 2017, PT SEML contacted the ICS (Local NGO) for a discussion regarding PT SEML’s plan to implement their Biodiversity Offset & Action programs. ICS has then been appointed to support SEML biodiversity offset program.

A report of the intitial survey was produced on December 2017 to compile early findings of the observation.

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Camera Trap Results and Locations CT 006 - ML-H

Macaque 12/11/2017

CT 005 - Access to Intake#1

Brown Bear 09/27/2017 Unidentified Bird 10/01/2017

Palm Civet 09/07/2017

CT 007 - Adjacent to ML-H

Golden Cat 10/15/2017 Welang 10/10/2017

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9. Permit Compliance

9.1. Compliance with AMDAL Documents

 Summary of AMDAL Document compliance as follow:

Monitoring Item Monitoring Results during Report Period

Conditions attached to AMDAL 1. Please confirm if you have achieved all conditions attached to AMDAL approval. : ［Yes / No］ approval (Conditions shown in the Sixth Article and Seventh Article of AMDAL Approval letter dated 22 October 2013 and 2. Describe the situation and measures taken if delays/complications in implementation of the Conditions shown in the Sixth conditions/obligations are identified. Article and Seventh Article of Addendum AMDAL Approval None letter dated 14 January 2015)

9.2. Compliance with Environmental Permit

 Summary of environmental permit compliance as follow:

Name Competent Authority Status

Has the permit approved/ issued? : Yes / No Permit for B3 Waste Regent of Solok Selatan Temporary Storage (Izin (Bupati Solok Selatan) Tempat Penyimpanan If "Yes", please provide the approved/issued date (DD/MM/YYYY). Please Sementara Limbah B3) also submit a copy of the permit together with this monitoring form.

If "No", please provide the expected approval/issuance date (DD/MM/YYYY).

28 August 2017

Any issues regarding Reasons/Background Measures: Monitoring Item mentioned Information above  Production rate of hazmat (waste lubricant) is low  Keep minimum hazmat stock at site

The last delivery of hazmat from site to a certified treatment facility (PT Primanru) was conducted on 30 March 2017.

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10. Biodiversity Action Plan

 Summary of Biodiversity Action Plan as follow:

Monitoring & Action Item Monitoring Results during Report Period Completion of Biodiversity Action Plan Has Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP)(including Supplemental Report) been completed? : Yes / No If "Yes", please provide the information of the completion date (DD/MM/YYYY) : BAP v11, dated 23 June 2017 and approved by ADB on 24 July 2017. For each action item detail the actions taken and the current status and outcomes.

Impacts on biodiversity in/around the Are there any problems regarding impacts on biodiversity pointed out by the National/Local project site authority? Yes / No If yes, please describe the outline of the problems and measures taken.

Any issues regarding Monitoring Item ・Reasons/Background Information Mitigation Measures mentioned above

N/A

Existing Conservation actions undertaken by SEML:

Program Name Location General Description

Installed forestry signs Various locations around project area Forestry signs are designed to raise awareness of local people of the relevant laws and regulations managing forests. Conduct weekly patrol with police and Around project area Undertake monitoring of activities within the forestry Project area and vicinity in conjunction with local police to discourage illegal activities. Conduct join patrol with TNKS Around project area As above Conducted Ecosystem Service Around project area To know the use of ecosystem around project area Assessment (by ERM) Conducted Fish and Macroinvertebrates Around project area To study water biota around project area Survey (by ERM) Conduct socialization (meetings, displays, Project area (to project workers)  Socialization on Environmental Management and banners) with contractor workers and Biodiversity Action Plan, to increase regarding biodiversity awareness contractor’s management and workers awareness regarding Environmental and Biodiversity management.  To improve coordination with contractors regarding waste management. Installed and monitored camera traps  Around project area  To monitor the presence (or absence) of endangered species.

 Nine camera traps are installed  Camera was installed to identify higher risk crossing points along access roads for which targeted mitigation should be implemented Conduct aerial survey using drone Project area and surrounding Surveillance

Bought noise monitor equipment capable Project area To fulfil international standard. for 48 hours continuous measurement

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Program Name Location General Description

Bought H2S monitor equipment capable Project area To fulfil international standard. for 24 hours continuous measurement Conduct revegetation activities Along access road and at unused area. Rehabilitate land following activities to restore forested areas to prevent erosion and promote Revegetation activities at Admin Building conservation. area and revegetation of ML-C area have been conducted since May 2017 Attended several seminars held by Jakarta, Bogor To seek for TNKS and Forestry priority actions as Ministry of Environment and Forestry well as discuss BAP and Offset requirements Attended the composition of 2018 TNKS Sungai Penuh To seek for TNKS and Forestry priority actions, Program at TNKS Head Office in Sungai discuss BAP and Offset requirements, and showed Penuh interest to support TNKS restoration / rehabilitation program. Visited 5 TNKS’s rehabilitation sites and South Solok district To physically check wether the locations and Community Forests activities were suitable for Offset requirements. Removal of invasive species Along access road and at unused area Identify and control invasive species

PT SEML Biodiversity Action Plan status: No Action Plan Status Date 1 Appoint a Site Support Manager to supervise SHE Asharry Sofyan has been apointed as a Site Support. During Pre- aspects at site construction phase 2 Implement adaptive management measure Establishing site specific procedure; In Progress 3 Develop protocols for the management of injured In progress - wildlife 4 Establish an incident reporting mechanism Done 5 Identification of Wildlife Crossing Points Installation of Camera traps and hourly manpower to Upon discovery, none observe have been identified so far 6 Assess the need for the installation of artificial crossing No wildlife crossing has been identified to intersect - for endangered arboreal mammals with project roads 7 Conduct a flora and fauna survey prior to construction Done by Greencap in the past Will be done prior to of wellpad clearing for Wellpad F 8 Wildlife shepherding activities Has already been socialized to company employees - 9 Ensure clearing has been limited to the identified area Done by project and EPC Contractor - 10 Brief all involved personnel on wildlife shepherding Procedure has been socialized to company employees During induction of activities employees 11 Establish a site nursery Established near Accomodation area, regularly Since exploration phase maintained. An in-situ nursery for endagered species amorphophalus is established near wellpad F. 12 Develop a comprehensive Offsite Biodiversity Offset Done by ERM - Design 13 Conduct a water extraction pre-feasiblity assessment Conducted by FODD - 14 Collect native flora seed before land clearance Conducted by Site SHE On a regular basis (used for nursery establishment) 15 Local community engagement to raise awareness of Socialization on forestry management protection On a regular basis the conservation value of forest (signs, campaign, etc.) 16 Undertake daily monitoring of PT SERD access roads to Joint patrols with local forestry police - secure them from poaching activity 17 Company drivers to receive internal defensive driving Done on a regular basis On a regular basis

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training 18 Conduct speed check Done on a regular basis On a regular basis 19 Lighting management Will be conducted during drilling/construction Will be conducted activities during drilling/construction activities 20 Ensure night works will not disturb wildlife SEML SHE and Rekind SHE have been conducting On a regular basis surveys, socialisation with workers and nearby settlers, 21 Conduct regular monitoring of flora and fauna in creating signs, award campaigns, discussions, etc. to Project areas ensure the sucess of 22 All construction personnel and PT SEML staff will undertake biodiversity awareness training 23 Put up and maintain information posters and literature on ecological awareness 24 Monitor compliance with PT SEML environmental protection policy 25 Monitor construction areas for signs of potential wildlife conflict, illegal logging and poaching 26 Workers to be trained in noise-reduction behaviours A number of workers and SHE personel equiped with On a regular basis Noise detectors 27 Crossing points/ arboreal crossing bridge is retained in Will be installed if necessary. No wildlife crossing has If necessary good functional condition been identified. 28 Measure long term population changes and trends for Camera traps and fauna sightings have been recorded In progress key species for future habitat databse mapping 29 Consultation relevant stakeholders to determine the Consultation with local and provincial forestry agencies On a regular basis composition and type of planting to be achieved 30 Develop a community based forest restoration project Community will be engaged during forestry - restoration project 31 Install warning signs regarding hunting and poaching at Several have been installed. Will be a continuous effort - the border of the buffer area of the Protection Forest. and additional signs will be added if necessary 32 Establish a communication system with the local PT SEML has a routine patrol not only with local - forestry office and report illegal hunting / logging. forestry agency but also with Provincial forestry agency 33 Develop and update habitat mapping database Will be conducted every 3 years - 34 Construct security gates to restrict access of vehicle Already installed in several areas - 35 Conduct regular patrols of the project boundary Regularly conducted by PT SEML security, and often On a regular basis accompanied by local and provincial forestry agency 36 Conduct regular drone flight On a regular basis On a regular basis 37 Conduct and clearing of invasive species. Has been conducted prior land clearing. Regularly - cleared using daily manpower. 38 Educate local people and restrict clearing by local PT SEML has routine socialization not only with local On a regular basis people forestry agency but also with provincial forestry agency 39 Interviews with local people on their ecosystem service Has been Done by local consultant (Census) - use within Project Area and AoI 40 Monitor land clearing and assess feasibility of providing Not Necessary due to the project’s location being On a regular basis alternative income within protection forest and no one is technically allowed to settle in the area. However, upon reports, social team will support and assess the situation.

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11. Information Disclosure

Are the results of environmental and social safeguards monitoring If yes, please provide RPL or Monitoring reports. disclosed? ( Yes / No )

 RPL report will be submitted to certain parties as specified in  RKL/RPL report for 2nd semester 2017 was composed by PT AMDAL document. Radiant Utama

 the site visit for RPL has been conducted by a consultant (PT  2nd Semester PT SEML RKL-RPL report has been submitted to Radiant Utama) in October / November 2017. The report is relevant agencies. now being completed and is expected to be received in February 2018. JBIC and ADB will disclose Monitoring reports on their websites, unless disagreement expressed.

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ATTACHMENTS

 Attachment 1 : Pictures of Safety Health Environmental Activities  Attachment 2 : Social Activities  Attachment 3 : Ecosystem Services Assessment Report  Attachment 4 : Fish and Macroinvertebrates Study  Attachment 5a : Laboratory Analysis Results : Air, Noise, Water, Soil  Attachment 5b : Laboratory Analysis Results : Biota

 Attachment 5c : Laboratory Analysis Results : H2S (24-hours) and Noise (4-hours) (Wellpad-D)  Attachment 6 : Hazmat Storage Permit  Attachment 7 : Offset Location Survey Report  Attachment 8 : Report of Offset Search up to December 2017  Attachment 9 : Attendance List of Meeting With NGO-ICS  Attachment 10 : Incident Register July up to December 2017  Attachment 11 : Camera Trap Locations  Attachment 12 : List of Attendances of Stakeholders Meeting  Attachment 13 : Socio-Economic Survey and Vulnerable Assessment of Affected Households  Attachment 14 : Livelihood Restoration Plan  Attachment 15 : Grievance Log

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ATTACHMENT 1 PICTURES OF SAFETY HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITIES

Temporary Domestic Waste Storage Area

Control of Invasive Species Control

Camera Trap Downloading

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Main Nursery (Accommodation Complex) and In-situ Nursery (Access to WP-F)

Water Truck for Dust Control

Onsite Rehabilitation activities at ML-C : Backfilled Mud Pond with Drilling Cutting Waste, Covered with Top Soil, and Planted with Endemic Flora

Use of Drilling Cutting as Construction Material

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Soebroto Awards for Achievements in Safety Health and Environmental Management

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ATTACHMENT 2 SOCIAL ACTIVITIES

Stakeholder Meeting

Stakeholder Engagement

Support the Head Office Minang (Adat) Organization Development

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Free Medical Treatment to Surrounding Community and Blood Donor

Public Lecture to Community Academy of Solok Selatan

Internal Training (Refreshment) on Stakeholder Engagement related Procedure

RD-RSH-RPT-IEE Rev 0 - 30 January 2019 Page 53 ATTACHMENT 3 ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ASSESSMENT REPORT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh Ecosystem Services Assessment

PT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh (SEML)

November 2017

www.erm.com

The business of sustainability REPORT

PT Supreme Energy Maura Laboh

Supreme Energy Muara Laboh Ecosystem Services Assessment

November 2017

0383026

Prepared by: ERM-Siam Co Ltd For and on behalf of ERM-Siam Co Ltd

Approved by: Kamonthip Ma-oon

Signed:

Position: Partner

Date: 22 November 2017

This report has been prepared by ERM-Siam Co Ltd with all reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the Contract with the client, incorporating our General Terms and Conditions of Business and taking account of the resources devoted to it by agreement with the client.

We disclaim any responsibility to the client and others in respect of any matters outside the scope of the above.

This report is confidential to the client and we accept no responsibility of whatsoever nature to third parties to whom this report, or any part thereof, is made known. Any such party relies on the report at their own risk.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 BACKGROUND ...... 1-1

1.1 DEFINING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ...... 1-1

1.2 APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES ...... 1-2

2 ECOSYSTEM SERVICES SCREENING ASSESSMENT ...... 2-1

2.1 APPROACH ...... 2-1

2.2 RESULTS ...... 2-1

3 ECOSYSTEM SERVICE DATA COLLECTION AND PRIORITIZATION ...... 3-1

3.1 COMMUNITY SURVEYS ...... 3-1

3.2 DATA COLLECTION ...... 3-1

3.3 RESULTS ...... 3-4

3.3.1 Provisioning Services ...... 3-1

3.3.2 Cultural Services ...... 3-5

3.3.3 Regulating ...... 3-1

4 ECOSYSTEM SERVICES PRIORITISATION ...... 4-1

4.1 APPROACH ...... 4-1

4.2 RESULTS ...... 4-1

4.3 PRIORITY ECOSYSTEM SERVICES...... 4-1

5 IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR PRIORITY ECOSYSTEM SERVICES.... 5-1

5.1 APPROACH ...... 5-1

5.2 PROPOSED MITIGATIONS ...... 5-1

ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SUPREME ENERGY

I

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2-1 Ecosystem Services Screening Assessment ...... 2-2 Table 3-1 The details of the surveys conducted in project area...... 3-2 Table 3-2 Ecosystem Services Questionnaire ...... 3-3 Table 3-3 Results of survey in relation to Food: wild-caught fish and shellfish and aquaculture ...... 3-1 Table 3-4 Results of survey in relation to Food – Cultivated Crops ...... 3-2 Table 3-5 Results of survey in relation to Food: Herbs and plants ...... 3-2 Table 3-6 Results of survey in relation to Food: Livestock Farming ...... 3-3 Table 3-7 Results of survey in relation to Timber and Wood Products ...... 3-3 Table 3-8 Results of survey in relation to Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP) ...... 3-4 Table 3-9 Results of survey in relation to Freshwater ...... 3-4 Table 3-10 Results of survey in relation to Biomass Fuel ...... 3-5 Table 3-11 Results of survey in relation to spiritual, religious or cultural value ...... 3-5 Table 3-12 Results of survey in relation to ornamental resources ...... 3-6 Table 3-13 Results of survey in relation to recreation and tourism ...... 3-6 Table 4-1 Ecosystem Service Prioritization Matrix ...... 4-2 Table 4-2 Results of Prioritization ...... 4-3 Table 4-3 Priority ecosystem services ...... 4-1 Table 5-1 Ecosystem Service Impacts on Habitat Types ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 5-2 Mitigations Proposed for the SEML project to reduce impacts on the priority ecosystem services ...... 5-2

ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SUPREME ENERGY

II

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

PT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh (SEML) plans to develop a Geothermal Power plant project in Muara Labuh in Solok Selatan Regency, West Sumatra Province (the ‘Project’).

The development plans broadly comprise construction and operation of geothermal power units, construction of supporting infrastructures, and electricity distribution. These activities have potential to cause environmental impacts.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) identified that an ecosystem services assessment was necessary to assist with compliance with the ADB’s Safeguard’s Policy Statement (SPS) in relation to the identification and management of Critical Habitats. Previous assessments undertaken for the SEML project had not specifically undertaken assessments for ecosystem services. As a result, an ecosystem service assessment was identified as a gap and an action as part of the SEML Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) (ERM 2017) (v.10 S/N 39).

Environmental Resources Management (ERM) was subsequently contracted to undertake an ecosystem services assessment for the SEML site in August 2017. ERM has completed this assessment in accordance with relevant guidance, including the World Resources Institute (WRI) guidelines: Weaving Ecosystem Services into Impact Assessment (WRI 2013).

In accordance with the WRI guidelines, ERM conducted ecosystem services screening assessment in order to determine the likely ecosystem service values that could be potentially important to affected communities. This assessment was done using existing sources of data, including information gleaned during the scoping visit. This visit was held in October 2017 and consisted of initial interviews with Supreme Energy representatives in Muara Laboh, West Sumatra site location as well as with local community representatives in the following sub-villages: Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung Baru, Taratak Tinggi, Pinang Awan, Ampalu, Pinang Sinawa, Koto Baru, and Tarak Bukareh.

There are three categories of ecosystem services that were found when ERM conducted ecosystem services screening: (1) provisioning services; (2) regulating services; and (3) cultural services.

For the provisioning aspect, the ecosystem services assessment included: (a) Food: wild-caught fish and shellfish and aquaculture; (b) Food: wild meat; (c) Food: cultivated crops; (d) Food: herbs and plants; (e) Livestock farming; (f) Biomass fuel; (g) Timber and wood products; (h) Non-timber forest products. For regulating aspect, the ecosystem services assessment included freshwater utilization, soil control and forest protection. For cultural aspect, the ecosystem services assessment included spiritual, religious or cultural value.

After conducting screening on ecosystem services prioritization, ERM identified two priority ecosystem services that may be sufficiently impacted as

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III to warrant mitigation. These ecosystem services included: freshwater and erosion regulation.

ERM considered that SEML project may likely impact to these priority ecosystem services. To reduce the impacts on the priority ecosystem services, ERM has proposed specific mitigations. At the mitigation stage, ERM identified options through the mitigation hierarchy to enhance or at least maintain: (1) the well-being affected beneficiaries derive from ecosystem services and (2) the performance the project derives from ecosystem services at acceptable levels.

ERM has determined that the application of these mitigations is sufficient to reduce the impact to these ecosystem services to negligible or minor. As a result, no residual impacts have been identified on ecosystem services that require additional mitigation and offsetting.

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1 BACKGROUND

PT Supreme Energy Muara Laboh (SEML) plans to develop a Geothermal Power plant project in Muara Labuh in Solok Selatan Regency, West Sumatra Province (the ‘Project’).

The development plans broadly comprise construction and operation of geothermal power units, construction of supporting infrastructures, and electricity distribution. These activities have potential to cause environmental impacts.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) identified that an ecosystem services assessment was necessary to assist with compliance with the ADB’s Safeguard’s Policy Statement (SPS) in relation to the identification and management of Critical Habitats. Previous assessments undertaken for the SEML project had not specifically undertaken assessments for ecosystem services. As a result, an ecosystem service assessment was identified as a gap and an action as part of the SEML Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) (ERM 2017) (v.10 S/N 39).

Environmental Resources Management (ERM) was subsequently contracted to undertake an ecosystem services assessment for the SEML site in August 2017. ERM has completed this assessment in accordance with relevant guidance, including the World Resources Institute (WRI) guidelines: Weaving Ecosystem Services into Impact Assessment (WRI 2013).

1.1 DEFINING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

Ecosystem services are defined as the benefits that people, including businesses, derive from ecosystems (IFC 2012). These services are substantial and varied, underpinning basic human health and survival needs as well as supporting economics activities, the fulfillment of people’s potential, and enjoyment of life.

In order to provide a uniform basis to assess the status of all major global habitat across all of the word’s bioregions, the United Nation’s Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (UN 2005) combine diverse Ecosystem Services typologies into a consistent classification scheme.

There are four categories of ecosystem services defined in Millennium Ecosystem Assessment as outlined in IFC Performance Standard 6:  Provisioning Services; these services that can be extracted from ecosystem to support human needs. This term is more or less synonymous with the term “ Ecosystem Goods” that was used in some prior classification schemes, including such tangible assets as fresh water, food, fiber, timber and medicinal plants;  Regulating Services; the benefit obtained from an ecosystem’s control of the natural environment, including of the regulation of surface water

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purification, carbon storage, and sequestration, climate regulation, protection from natural hazard, air quality, erosion and pests;  Cultural Services; non-material benefits including diverse aspect of aesthetic, spiritual, recreational, and others cultural value;  Supporting services; the natural process essential to the maintenance of the integrity, resilience, and functioning of ecosystem, thereby supporting the delivery of all other benefits. They include soil formation, nutrient cycling, and primary production.

1.2 APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES

The ADB SPS requires that ecosystem services are assessed when determining whether a project triggers the requirements for Critical Habitat. The definition of Critical Habitat under the SPS (Clause 151 of the ADB Source Book) specifically references ecosystem services as a component of Critical Habitat. Clause 183 of the ADB Source Book also identifies ecosystem services as a component necessary for assessment in relation to sustainable natural resource management (ADB 2012).

The International Finance Corporation’s (IFC) performance standards require projects to assess and preserve the benefits from ecosystem services. The IFC also requires that the environmental and social risks and impacts identification process considers a project’s dependence on ecosystem services. A fundamental component is to apply the mitigation hierarchy to determine measures to limit impacts on ecosystem services.

ERM has utilized the WRI Guidelines: Weaving Ecosystem Service into Impact Assessment to guide the approach used to assess ecosystem services in relation to the project. The ecosystem services review was undertaken following a five-stage approach (WRI 2014):  Screening assessment to Identify Ecosystem Services that may occur within the study area;  Data Collection and prioritization for ‘screened in’ Ecosystem Services;  Scoping; to refine the list of ecosystem services based on those identify in the study area and potentially impacted by the project;  Prioritization to identify Ecosystem services importance to beneficiaries; and;  Impact Assessment to identify the impacts to ecosystem services and their human beneficiaries as a result of the project

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2 ECOSYSTEM SERVICES SCREENING ASSESSMENT

2.1 APPROACH

An ecosystem services screening assessment was undertaken to determine the likely ecosystem service values that could be potentially important to affected communities.

The scoping exercise was undertaken in order to refine the list of Ecosystem Services that:  Potential Beneficiaries: Known and potential beneficiaries for a service were identified and where possible identifying people at the local, national, and / or global level;  Sources of Impact: Potential sources of impact were considered based on the Minutes of Meeting during Public Consultation on AMDAL conducted by Supreme Energy Muara Laboh;  Project Dependence: IFC PS-6 requires that the Ecosystem Services assessment take into consideration any services that the Project may rely upon during construction, operation and/or decommissioning. Therefore all services for which there is a potential project dependency were scoped into the prioritisation stage.

The goal of the scoping exercise was to identify a list of Ecosystem Services to be assessed during through the surveys.

2.2 RESULTS

This assessment was done using existing sources of data, including information gleaned during the scoping visit. This visit was held in October 2017 and consisted of initial interviews with Supreme Energy representatives in Muara Laboh, West Sumatra site location as well as with local community representatives in the following sub-villages: Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung Baru, Taratak Tinggi, Pinang Awan, Ampalu, Pinang Sinawa, Koto Baru, and Tarak Bukareh.

The results of the scoping assessment are contained in Table 2-1.

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Table 2-1 Ecosystem Services Screening Assessment

Ecosystem Service Type Description, Examples Current Known Ecosystem Services Screened in? Provisioning Services Food: wild-caught fish and Fish caught for subsistence or Local villagers do not catch fishes in local rivers/creeks (Bangko Putih, Bangko Hitam, Bangko Keruk, No shellfish & aquaculture commercial sale; Fish, shellfish, Batang Marite, Batang Bangko Kete' and Batang Bangko) on regular basis. Local villagers do fishing as an and/or plants that are bred and entertaining activities (not main source of livelihood/fulfill protein needs). However, only few villagers catch reared in ponds, enclosures, and fishes in Batang Bangko Kete' (in Pinang Awan Sub-village) where local fishes caught are gariang other forms of fresh- or salt-water (neolissochillus thienemanni sumatranus) and kulari (gobiidae glossogobius biocellatus). To fulfill protein confinement for harvesting needs from fishes, villagers bought fishes in the market sold by seller who live outside Muara Laboh and Price of fish bought from local market is ranging from Rp. 35,000 to Rp. 40,000 per kilogram. In addition to that, some villagers have fishponds in their house yards (small quantity of production) for their own consumption or sell to other neighbors when needed. Types of fish that are in the fish pond (local name): Nila, mujair, gold fish, and patin. Eel is also caught in muddy paddy field that has been harvested. Fish seeds are supplied from outside Muara Laboh (Maninjau Lake). Therefore, the project is unlikely to have a significant impact on this service. Food: wild meat Animals hunted for primarily for Villagers do not catch wild animals (such as wild boar, deer, etc.) in the forest. For protein needs, villagers No food (recreational hunting consume meats from cow, and chicken by buying them in the local market. There are few villagers who keep covered under cultural services) small quantity of cows, and chicken. In some villages/sub-villages, villagers hunt for wild boars as they sometimes enter the crops field/plantation and destroy it and wild boar is considered pest for local farmers as they disturb plantation. Types of crops which are favor to wild boars are red union, coffee and others. Evidence suggests that there is no currently hunting by local people for wild meat within the Project Area and AoI. Food: cultivated crops Annual and permanent crops Major livelihood of local villagers is from paddy/rice field and coffee plantation. In addition to that, after Yes grown for subsistence use and paddy harvesting, local villagers plant vegetables such red union and chili. Type of agriculture is permanent commercial sale plot as each villager has various size of land ranging from 0.25 hectare to 1 hectare. Rice is partially for own consumption and other sell to the local traditional market. For coffee, there are few middle men who come from outside sub-village and help villagers to sell outside sub-village or districts. Additionally, there is no forest conversion for new agricultural areas because local villagers have permanent plots utilizing their lands into two: rice-field and crops/plantation. Rice-field is reutilized after it is harvesting Evidence suggests that cultivated crops occur within the Project Area and AoI. There is potential for impacts to cultivated crops from air emissions. Food: herbs and plants Herbs and plants collected for Herbs and plant are planted in the local villagers' house yard and in between other crops such as ginger, No food by local people turmeric, galangal, lemongrass, etc. Herbs are used for cooking ingredient. Local villagers have less interest in making traditional herbs drink (example ginger drink) in their daily consumption, however, if they need to keep body health stamina, local villagers made herbs drink from ginger and lemongrass. Evidence suggests that herbs and plants are planted in villagers’ farm or house yard.

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Ecosystem Service Type Description, Examples Current Known Ecosystem Services Screened in? Livestock farming Sedentary and nomadic livestock There are no livestock farming because livestock farming is not primary livelihood of local villagers. There No farming are only very few quantity of cows and chicken that are available. Cows or chicken are sold to their neighbors or people from outside sub-village when religious festive is commenced. Evidence suggests that local people do not undertake livestock farming within the Project Area and AoI. Biomass fuel Wood, dung and plant matter Local villagers do not utilize biomass fuel for their daily cooking fuel from their livestock. Cows and chicken No collected for charcoal, fuel are in very small quantity. Cow and chicken dung are utilized for crops fertilizer. Evidence suggests that there is no collection of wood, dung and plant matter for the production of charcoal and fuel. Timber and wood Wood collected for local use or for Local villagers collect timber and wood from their own crops field/ plantation where they plant suren (toona No products sale as timber, wood pulp and sureni merr), medang (cinnamomum spp.) trees for building houses. Local villagers are not authorized to enter paper nearby forest (National Park of Kerinci Seblat) for collecting timber and wood product as it is violation of the law (Forestry). Suren and medang trees to be sold to other villagers/neighbors who need woods for building houses. Illegal logging has long been forbidden by relevant government official (Forestry) since 1980 when Ministry of Forestry and local government official forbid anyone to enter the forest especially TNKS for timber/wood and non-timber/wood products. Local villagers understand and abide by the rules of prohibition to enter the forest to pick up timber/wood. Local villagers do not want to get trouble with forestry law/regulation as the sanction is imprisonment. Evidence suggests that wood is harvested from villagers’ own plantation or farm. Non- Timber Forest Non-timber products collected Local villagers do not collect or gather non-timber forest product such as wild honey. Wild honey is gathered No Products (NTFP) from the forest. For example, cane, or collected from bees that made their nests in trees like durian, rubber and other trees in plantation/crops palm, straw, cotton, hemp, twine field. The honey is sold to local villagers who need it. The price of honey is valued Rp. 150,000 per bottle (1 and rope, natural rubber liter). Evidence suggests that NTFP is harvested from villagers’ own trees planted in their farm/plantation. Regulating services Freshwater Freshwater for bathing, drinking, Freshwater is utilized by local villagers for various purposes such as rice field irrigation, development of Yes irrigation, laundry, household and micro-hydro power and hygiene activities. Through development of micro-hydro power, local villagers use it industrial use for their electricity as the PLN network is not available. Local villagers also manage irrigation system based on collective mutual agreement among rice field owners. Local villagers informed that spring water is always ready to be used regardless of wet or dry season. So far, local villagers have not yet experienced any insufficient quantity of spring water for their daily use (hygiene, cooking and drinking). Evidence suggests that freshwater is used by local people from within the Project Area and AoI. The project may restrict or impact this activity.

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Ecosystem Service Type Description, Examples Current Known Ecosystem Services Screened in? Biochemical, natural Natural medicines, biocides, food Local villagers do not collect or gather any natural medicines from the forest. Local villagers go to doctor or No medicines, additives, pharmaceuticals and drugstore or village health center if they are sick. For light treatment such as to reduce fever and sore throat, pharmaceuticals other biological material for local villagers use medicinal plants called "akar lundang" that grow wildly in their house yards or crops commercial or domestic use. For field/plantation. example, pelts, carved or Evidence suggests that there is no use of natural medicines biocides, food additives, pharmaceuticals and decorative animal products, live other biological material for commercial or domestic use. animal trade Genes and genetic information There is no genes and genetic information used for animal breeding, plant improvement, and biotechnology. No used for animal breeding, plant Evidence suggests that there is no current use of genes and genetic information used for animal breeding, improvement, and biotechnology plant improvement, and biotechnology. Ecosystem functions The influence ecosystems have on Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI has no major influence on air quality in the vicinity. No air quality by extracting chemicals from the atmosphere (i.e., serving as a “sink”) or emitting chemicals to the atmosphere (i.e., serving as a “source”) Carbon sequestration (impacts on Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI has no major influence on Carbon sequestration in the vicinity. No global climate change) regulation of temperature, shade air quality by vegetated areas Influence ecosystems have on the Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI has no major influence on water runoff, flooding, and aquifer No timing and magnitude of water recharge in the vicinity due to the project has not been initiated yet. runoff, flooding, and aquifer recharge Role played by vegetation and Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI has no major influence on filtration and decomposition of No bacteria in the filtration and organic wastes and pollutants in the vicinity. decomposition of organic wastes and pollutants and the assimilation and detoxification of compounds. Role of natural habitats (e.g. Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI has no major influence on protecting crops, buildings, No wetlands, beaches, reefs) in recreation areas from waves, wind and flooding from coastal storms in the vicinity. protecting crops, buildings, recreation areas from waves, wind and flooding from coastal storms.

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Ecosystem Service Type Description, Examples Current Known Ecosystem Services Screened in? Regulation of fire frequency and Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI has no major influence on regulation of fire frequency and No intensity (e.g. dense forest can intensity in the vicinity. provide firebreaks) Predators from forests, grassland Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI has no major influence on Predators from forests, grassland No areas, etc. may control pests areas, etc. may control pests attacking crops or livestock in the vicinity. attacking crops or livestock Influence ecosystems have on the Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI has no major influence on incidence and abundance of human No incidence and abundance of pathogens in the vicinity. human pathogens Role of vegetation in regulating Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI for the geothermal site has regulating erosion on slopes and Yes erosion on slopes and riparian riparian areas in the vicinity. areas Birds, insects and some small Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI has no major influence on birds, insects and some small No mammals pollinate certain flora mammals pollinate certain flora species, including some agricultural crops in the vicinity. species, including some agricultural crops Cultural Services Spiritual, religious or Natural spaces or species with There are no forest or river resources for spiritual and religious values. Local villagers are embracing the No cultural value spiritual, cultural or religious religion of Islam. Therefore, they do not utilize any forest or river resources for spiritual and religious values. importance Few local villagers still use a incense (styrax benzoin) for cultural or customary events. Such incense is used as a companion of prayers to start the paddy field planting season. Raw materials of incense are obtained from local traditional market (in Muara Laboh). However, local villagers do not know where the seller obtains raw materials of incense. Local villagers in project area do not plant incense in their crops field or plantation. Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered as important natural spaces or species with spiritual, cultural or religious importance. Cultural value placed on Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered important areas for cultural value on No traditional practices such as traditional practices. hunting, fishing, crafts and use of natural resources. Use of natural spaces and There is "Sapan Maluluang" water boom where it utilizes the natural hot spring that is managed by local No resources for tourism and authorities in Pinang Awan Village. recreation (e.g. swimming, Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered important natural spaces and resources for boating, hunting, bird-watching, tourism and recreation. fishing)

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Ecosystem Service Type Description, Examples Current Known Ecosystem Services Screened in? Cultural value placed on the Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered as important aesthetic value provided by No aesthetic value provided by landscapes, natural landmarks. landscapes, natural landmarks Information derived from Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered important for information derived from No ecosystems used for intellectual ecosystems used for intellectual development, culture, art, design, and innovation. development, culture, art, design, and innovation. Ornamental resources Local villagers use ornamental resources from coconut trees (leaves) which can be found in their crops No field/plantation. The coconut leaves are used for decoration such as for wedding event. Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered important ornamental resources. Supporting Services Non-use value of Species and areas valued globally There is no non-use value of biodiversity in the sub-villages. However, Yes biodiversity (e.g. existence, as of high conservation value Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI may contain species that are considered as being a high bequest value) conservation value. Formation of biological material Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered important regarding biological material by No by plants through photosynthesis plants through photosynthesis and nutrient assimilation. and nutrient assimilation. Flow of nutrients (e.g., nitrogen, Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered important for the flow of nutrients. No sulfur, phosphorus, carbon) through ecosystems. Flow of water through ecosystems Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered important for the flow of water through No in its solid, liquid, or gaseous ecosystems. forms. Natural soil-forming processes Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered important for natural soil forming processes. No throughout vegetated areas. Natural spaces that maintain Evidence suggests that the Project area of AoI is not considered important to maintain species populations No species populations and protect and the capacity to assist ecological communities recover from disturbances. the capacity of ecological communities to recover from disturbances.

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3 ECOSYSTEM SERVICE DATA COLLECTION AND PRIORITIZATION

Community interviews were conducted on ecosystem services at the SEML site location in Muara Laboh in October 2017. The methods used and results identified are outlined below.

The following summary of the methodology and results during ecosystem services assessment are outlined below.

3.1 COMMUNITY SURVEYS

ERM undertook the following consultation as part of ecosystem services assessment:  Consultation meetings with internal SEML representatives (environment, social and management).  Consultation with twenty (20) local village representatives living in close proximity to SEML site location from selected communities (9 sub-villages); and  Household survey questionnaires were used to gather data from the communities around SEML to solicit their opinions on both the positive and negative aspects of the Project development. The data is relevant to understanding current socio-economic conditions in the Area of Influence of the Project, historical impacts associated with SEML activities as well as potential issues associated with the on-going activities of the Project.

The topics addressed in the household surveys included:  Basic household information (Individual); and  Socio-economic system survey as a quantitative assessment of the level of reliance on natural resources by affected communities and the linkage between the subsistence economy and the livelihoods of affected communities.

Prior to conducting household surveys, an introductory meeting was convened in the host community to introduce the purpose of the consultation.

3.2 DATA COLLECTION

Data was collected through community meetings, household surveys and face to face discussions with stakeholders. Community meetings were arranged by SEML representatives in collaboration with the village leaders and other village representatives. The meetings provided an opportunity to gather feedback on SEML activities.

A total of twenty (20) village representatives had discussions on their socio- economic conditions across nine (9) sub-villages with particular focus on the livelihoods of women and farmers. The details the surveys conducted are shown in Table 3-1.

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Table 3-1 The details of the surveys conducted in project area.

Date Name of Occupation Villages/ Sub- Villagers villages 03-10-17 Painah Farmer Blok Nol

Asdi Farmer/ Blok Nol community leader Supanut Religious leader Blok Nol

Rudi Irawan Farmer/ Pekonina community leader Yanuar Edri Farmer/ Pekonina community leader Warni Farmer/ Kampung Baru woman leader Yuliadi Head of sub-village Kampung Baru

Jonedi Head of Islamic elementary school Kampung Baru

Lina Tati Farmer/ Head of woman empowerment Taratak Tinggi group of Supreme Energy Muara Laboh beneficiary DT. Cayo Farmer/ Taratak Tinggi community leader Lukfi Village Head of Pauh Duo Nan Batigo Pinang Awan

Syaripudin Farmer Pinang Awan

Maitina Farmer Pinang Awan

Abdul Haris Religious leader Pinang Awan

04-10-17 Joni Ludianto Village head of Alam Pauh Duo Ampalu N.DT. Bando Customary leader Pinang Sinawa Labieh A.Wk.DT Customary leader Pinang Sinawa Kampek Suku Yurnalis Farmer Koto Baru Romi Yilhas Religious leader Koto Baru S.DT Lelo Farmer/ customary leader Taratak Bukareh

In addition to conducting face-to-face interviews with local villagers, ERM also conducted field observations. The field observations include the presence of Pamsimas (Indonesian Government program in relation to clean water access and sanitation for local communities), rivers and site visits to SEML project activities.

The questionnaire used to collect data on ecosystem services is shown in Table 3-2. Data was collected on screened in ecosystem services relevant to the community. Information was collated on:  Type of ecosystem services used by the local community;  Sources (locations), amounts utilised and availability of alternatives;  Condition and trends in resource availability; ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SUPREME ENERGY

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 Cultural and supporting ecosystem services;  Screened ecosystem services for erosion, and;  Non-use value of biodiversity.

Table 3-2 Ecosystem Services Questionnaire

Ecosystem Questions Services Food: wild-  Do fishermen go fishing for fish/shellfish? How often do fishermen go caught-fish and fishing? Record locations of where the fishing takes place on a map. shellfish and aquaculture Food: wild meat  Do local hunters go hunting? How often do they go? What species do they target? Identify hunting areas on a map;  Do local hunters travel to other forests to undertake hunting? What species do they target? Record the species hunted and location;  Record the type and trend (increasing or decreasing) Food: cultivated  What crops are cultivated? What type of agriculture is utilized crops (shifting or permanent plots)? What seasonal crops are planted? Are the crops are sold locally or outside the village? Identify location of cropping areas on a map;  Do other plot owners travel to other areas to undertake cropping? Record the area of plots, species planted and location. Mark the location on a map;  Discuss any trends in quality or quantity. Record the type and trend (increasing or decreasing). Food: herbs,  What herbs and plants are collected from the forest? Are the herbs and mushrooms and plants used for consumption or sold at the market? How often are the plants collected?  Discuss the alternative herbs and plants are available? Where are these bought?  Have there been any changes in yield? Record the type and trend (increasing or decreasing) Livestock  What livestock are tended? Are the livestock used for consumption or farming sold at the market?  What alternative livestock are available? Where are these bought?  Discuss the type of livestock tended and whether there is a trend in quality or quantity. Record the type and trend (increasing or decreasing) Timber and  What species of timber and wood collected? When is the timber wood products collected? Is the timber and wood used in the village or sold outside the village? Identify location of collection areas on a map;  Do timber gatherers travel to other forests to undertake wood and timber collection? What is the frequency and amount of collection from alternative locations? Mark the location on a map;  What are the trends in timber volume and quality? Record the type and trend (increasing or decreasing). Non- Timber  What species of NTFP are collected? Forest Products  Discuss what other NTFP are used by households. Record the type (NTFP) and amounts.  Record the type and trend (increasing or decreasing) of NTFP collected. Freshwater  What is the uses for freshwater in the village? Where is the water collected from? Record the location of water sources;  Are there alternatives to water supply available to villagers? Where are these alternative supplies?;  Has water quality and quantity been impacted? If so what by?

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Ecosystem Questions Services Biochemical,  What medicines are collected from the forest? What is the amount, natural uses and location of the main collection points? medicines,  Are alternatives to local medicines available? If so, what are they and pharmaceuticals where are they collected?  Are natural medicines becoming more or less available? Is the availability of medicines increasing or decreasing? Ornamental  What ornamental resources are collected from the forest? What is the resources amount, uses and location of the main collection points?  Are alternatives to ornamental resources available? If so, what are they and where are they collected?  What is the current condition of ornamental resources in the yield (increasing or decreasing)? Spiritual,  Are there important forest and river resources for spiritual and religious or religious values located in the area? Record values and places; cultural value  Are there other areas used for spiritual or religious values outside of the project area that locals could use as an alternative?  Have spiritual and religious values been impacted previously? Record values and places. Traditional  Are there important forest and river resources used for traditional practices practices located in the area? Record values and places;  Are there other areas used for traditional practices outside the project are that locals could use as an alternative?  Have areas used for traditional practices been impacted previously? Record values and places. Recreation and  Are there important forest and river resources used for recreation and tourism tourism located in the area? Record values and places;  Are there other areas used for recreation and tourism values outside the project area that locals could use as an alternative?  Have recreation and tourism values been impacted previously? Record values and places. Aesthetic value  Are there important aesthetic values associated with the forest and river located in the area? Record values and places;  Are there other areas appreciated for aesthetic value outside of the project area that locals could use as alternative?  Have aesthetic values been impacted previously? Record values and places. Educational and  Are there important educational values located in the area? Record inspirational values and places; values  Are there other areas used for education values outside of the project area that locals could use as alternative?  Have educational values been impacted previously? Record values and places. Non-use value of  Are there important landscape values located in the area? Record biodiversity (e.g. values and places; existence,  Are there other areas that have an importance outside of the project bequest value) area that locals could use as an alternative?  Have landscape values been impacted previously? Record values and places.

3.3 RESULTS

The results of the survey for screened ecosystem services are outlined below.

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3.3.1 Provisioning Services

3.3.1.1 Food: wild-caught

3.3.1.2 fish and shellfish and aquaculture

The results of the survey in relation to provisioning services for Food wild-caught fish and shellfish and aquaculture are outlined in Table 3-3 below.

Table 3-3 Results of survey in relation to Food: wild-caught fish and shellfish and aquaculture

Food: wild-caught fish and shellfish and aquaculture

Wild-caught fish and shellfish and Other sources of protein consumed (per Resource condition and trends Name of Sub-village(s) aquaculture from the river/lake (every catch) month/household) from the market (bought) Amount Type Amount Type Size Trend (kg) Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung Local fishes: gariang 10 fishes Chicken 10 kg Normal Decrease Baru, Taratak Tinggi, Pinang and kulari from Awan, Ampalu, Pinang Sinawa, Batang Bangko Kete’ Koto Baru, and Taratak Bukareh River

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3.3.1.3 Food – Cultivated Crops

The results of the survey in relation to provisioning services for Food – Cultivated Crops are outlined in Table 3-4 below.

Table 3-4 Results of survey in relation to Food – Cultivated Crops

Food: Cultivated Crops Crops cultivated in the farm/plantation Crops used by Households Resource Condition and Trends Name of Sub-village(s) Plot area Trend Name Plot No. per Type Amount Quality Quantity household Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung Rice Not 0.25 to 1 Rice; 1.8 to 2.4 tons per hectare (rice); 1 to 2 Same Stable (rice); fluctuating Baru, Taratak Tinggi, Pinang applicable plots per Coffee tons per hectare (coffee) (coffee) due to Awan, Ampalu, Pinang hectare unpredictable weather Sinawa, Koto Baru, and (dry and wet) where in Taratak Bukareh the wet (decrease) and in the dry (increase).

3.3.1.4 Food: Herbs and plants

The results of the survey in relation to provisioning services for Food: Herbs and plants are outlined in Table 3-5 below.

Table 3-5 Results of survey in relation to Food: Herbs and plants

Food: Herbs, and plants Herbs and plants are collected from the farm/plantation and bought in the Other collected herbs and plants Resource Condition and Trends Name of Sub-village(s) market Trend Name Place Frequency Type Amount Quality Quantity Blok Nol, Pekonina, Ginger, turmeric, Farm/ Daily Akar lundang (for If needed Good Stable Kampung Baru, galangal, Plantation and relieve body heat and Taratak Tinggi, Pinang lemongrass (for bought in the sore throat) Awan, Ampalu, Pinang cooking market Sinawa, Koto Baru, and ingredients) and Taratak Bukareh herbs drink

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3.3.1.5 Food: Livestock farming

The results of the survey in relation to provisioning services for Food: Livestock farming are outlined in Table 3-6 below.

Table 3-6 Results of survey in relation to Food: Livestock Farming

Livestock Farming Livestock Other Livestock Resource Condition and Trends Name of Sub-village(s) Trend Name Grazing area Type Amount Type Quality Quantity Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung None None Cow (small 2 to 3 Cow Same Stable Baru, Taratak Tinggi, Pinang amount) Awan, Ampalu, Pinang Sinawa, Chicken (small 5 to 10 Chicken Same Stable Koto Baru, and Taratak Bukareh amount)

3.3.1.6 Timber and wood products

The results of the survey in relation to provisioning services for timber and wood products are outlined in Table 3-7 below.

Table 3-7 Results of survey in relation to Timber and Wood Products

Timber and wood products Wood and Timber collected from the forest Other source of wood Resource Condition and Trends Name of Sub-village(s) Trend Type Amount Location Type Amount Type Quantity Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung Suren (toona 3 to 4 trees of In the Cinnamon, Coffee 5-6 (for cooking) Suren (toona Decrease Baru, Taratak Tinggi, Pinang sureni merr), Suren and 6 to farm/ and Durian logs sureni merr), Awan, Ampalu, Pinang Sinawa, medang 7 Medang plantation medang Koto Baru, and Taratak Bukareh (cinnamomum (cinnamomum spp.) spp.)

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3.3.1.7 Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP)

The results of the survey in relation to provisioning services for Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP) are outlined in Table 3-8 below.

Table 3-8 Results of survey in relation to Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP)

Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP) NTFP collected from the forest Resource Condition and Trends Name of Sub-village(s) Trend Type Amount Location Type Quality Quantity Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung Baru, Wild honey 1 liter In the farm/ Wild honey Good Decrease Taratak Tinggi, Pinang Awan, plantation Ampalu, Pinang Sinawa, Koto Baru, and Taratak Bukareh

3.3.1.8 Freshwater

The results of the survey in relation to freshwater are outlined in Table 3-9 below. The freshwater from river is utilized for irrigation system (paddy field) and development of micro-hydro to fulfill electricity needs due to PLN (state-owned enterprise providing electricity services for households) is not available. The irrigation system applies during dry and wet seasons. However, during the wet season, the water quantity is increasing and during the dry season, the water quantity is decreasing.

Table 3-9 Results of survey in relation to Freshwater

Freshwater Location Alternative location Resource Condition and Trends Name of Sub-village(s) How Type Type Location When Quality Quantity Why Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung Rivers (Batang Spring water Around Long time Clear (dry season) Fluctuating - decrease None Baru, Taratak Tinggi, Pinang Bangko Putih villages (spring and turbidity (wet in dry season and Awan, Ampalu, Pinang Sinawa, and Batang water) season) increase in wet season Koto Baru, and Taratak Bukareh Marite

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3.3.1.9 Biomass Fuel

The results of the survey in relation to biomass fuel are outlined in Table 3-10 below.

Table 3-10 Results of survey in relation to Biomass Fuel

Biomass Fuel Purpose Alternative location Resource Condition and Trends Name of Sub-village(s) How Other alternative Type Source Type Location Amount Quality Quantity location Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung Fertilizer Cow and In the 10 to 15 Good Stable Buy in the fertilizer Baru, Taratak Tinggi, Pinang chicken farm/plant sacks per store in the city Awan, Ampalu, Pinang Sinawa, dung ation month (Muara Laboh) Koto Baru, and Taratak Bukareh

3.3.2 Cultural Services

3.3.2.1 Spiritual, Religious or Cultural value

The results of the survey in relation to spiritual, religious or cultural value are outlined in Table 3-11 below.

Table 3-11 Results of survey in relation to spiritual, religious or cultural value

Spiritual, religious or cultural value Purpose Presence Resource Condition and Trends Name of Sub-village(s) Name of How Places/ Other Other alternative Type product Location Information Quality Quantity location Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung A companion Incense Local None Good Stable Local traditional Baru, Taratak Tinggi, Pinang of prayers to (styrax traditional market Awan, Ampalu, Pinang Sinawa, start paddy benzoin) market Koto Baru, and Taratak Bukareh field planting season

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3.3.2.2 Ornamental Resources

The results of the survey in relation to ornamental resources are outlined in Table 3-12 below.

Table 3-12 Results of survey in relation to ornamental resources

Ornamental Resources Purpose Presence Resource Condition and Trends Name of Sub-village(s) Name of Other How Other Type product Location Information Quality Quantity Information Blok Nol, Pekonina, Kampung The art Coconut In the farm/ None Good Stable None Baru, Taratak Tinggi, Pinang decoration leaves Plantation Awan, Ampalu, Pinang Sinawa, such as for Koto Baru, and Taratak Bukareh wedding event

3.3.2.3 Recreation and Tourism

The results of the survey in relation to recreation and tourism are outlined in Table 3-13 below.

Table 3-13 Results of survey in relation to recreation and tourism

Name of Sub-village(s) Spiritual, religious or cultural value Purpose Presence Resource Condition and Trends Name of How Places/ Other Other Type product Location Information Quality Quantity Information Pinang Awan Recreation and Sapan Sapan, This water Good Stable The water boom is tourism Maluluang Pauah Duo boom is managed by local water District sourced communities boom from natural hot spring

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3.3.3 Regulating

3.3.3.1 Role of vegetation in regulating erosion on slopes and riparian areas

Vegetation plays an important role in maintaining soil cohesion along riparian areas and on steep slopes. It was observed at the SEML location in Muara Laboh has managed the erosion management on slopes and riparian areas.

3.3.3.2 Biological value: Species and areas valued globally as of high conservation value

The SEML project area has been identified to contain critical habitat areas for global high conservation species.

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4 ECOSYSTEM SERVICES PRIORITISATION

4.1 APPROACH

The WRI guidelines and IFC PS6 requires that priority ecosystem services are identified, and impacts to those services are assessed (IFC 2012). The prioritization process is aimed at identifying those services for which Project impacts would be most likely to result in adverse impacts on project affected communities and other beneficiaries. Using the information collected through the baseline data collection and stakeholder engagement processes, Ecosystem Services were prioritized according to a priority matrix ranking two criteria:  Importance of the ecosystem service to the beneficiary which considers the intensity of use, degree of dependence and the importance expressed by the project affected communities; and  Irreplaceability of the ecosystem service, which refers to the availability of alternatives, the accessibility, cost and appetite for those alternatives as discussed with the beneficiary.

4.2 RESULTS

After compiling baseline information on the importance and irreplaceability of each service, these ratings were combined to assign a priority rating to the service grading from Low to Major as shown in the ecosystem service prioritization matrix in Table 4-1.

Ecosystem services identified as High priority or Major priority were considered Priority Ecosystem Services. The weight given to each of these components varied slightly depending upon the service, but stakeholder values were given precedence over other criteria where the rating was not clear.

In addition to the above, according to the IFC definition of priority ecosystem services, all services for which project dependencies are identified are considered priority services. The importance and irreplaceability of services relied upon by the Project was assessed through the same prioritization process outlined above, with the Project filling the role of the beneficiary.

In addition to the prioritization exercise, the baseline data collection process provided the opportunity to collect information on the status, trends and sustainability of resource use as they pertain to the habitats and species that support Ecosystem Services. This information was gathered through secondary sources and field studies by the environment team and where appropriate through engagement with local stakeholders. This information is important for the assessment of impacts on Ecosystem Services and therefore on local people as the final receptors of these changes.

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Table 4-2 outlines the beneficiaries, potential sources of impact and project dependence for each service, and whether the service was scoped into or out of the Ecosystem Services assessment.

This section provides an assessment of the potential Project impact to ecosystem services using the criteria provided.

Table 4-1 Ecosystem Service Prioritization Matrix

Importance to Beneficiaries Irreplaceability High Moderate Low Low The service is used and valued by parts Low Low Moderate of the community, but it is not important Priority Priority Priority in maintaining quality of life or livelihoods of Project Affected Communities. Medium The service is readily used by some Low Moderate High members of the Project Affected Priority Priority Priority Communities for income or subsistence, but they are not dependent upon the service for their livelihoods, and not everyone utilises the service. High The service is highly important in Moderate High Major maintaining the livelihoods of the Project Priority Priority Priority Affected Communities, and is used by most of the community regularly. Essential The service is essential to maintain the High Major Major health of the Project Affected Priority Priority Priority Communities, and the service is used by all members of the community. Irreplaceability definition High Many spatial alternatives exist that are readily available to the Project Affected Communities, and there are no major impediments to their usage. Moderate Spatial alternatives exist but are either less accessible than the affected service, or there are other barriers to their use such as distance, cost and skills required to access the service. Low There are few to no spatial alternatives available to the Project Affected Communities.

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Table 4-2 Results of Prioritization

Ecosystem Services Trends and Sustainability Beneficiaries Importance to Irreplaceability Potential Alternatives Priority? Beneficiaries Provisioning Services Food: wild-caught The populations of wild-caught fishes appears to be in decline All sub-villages within AoI of Muara Low High Communities in Muara Laboh have ready access to alternative protein Low fishes, shellfish, and Laboh project area sources such as chicken aquaculture Food: wild meat The populations of wild animal (deer) caught for meat appears to be in All sub-villages within AoI of Muara Medium High Communities in Muara Laboh Sub-village have ready access to alternative Low decline. Laboh project area protein sources such as beef, fish, and chicken. Food: cultivated crops The amount of main crops (rice) planted and harvested within the All sub-villages within AoI of Muara High Moderate Besides crops from the community agricultural land, the local people can Low Project AoI (Muara Laboh) appears to be in stable. Laboh project site location plant coffee as alternatives. Food: herbs and The amount of herbs and plants available to the community from their All sub-villages within AoI of Muara Medium High Replacements for herbs and plants collected are readily available within Low plants farm/ plantation or house yard areas within the AoI appears to be in Laboh project site location nearby markets or planted in local people farm/plantation or house yard stable. Food: livestock In sub-villages within the Project AoI in Muara Laboh, there is no All sub-villages within AoI of Muara Medium High There alternatives for local villagers who own small amount of cows and Low farming livestock farming. Only small amount of cow and chicken raised by Laboh project area chicken for own consumption or to be sold to the market or their local villagers neighbours when needed. Biomass Fuel Local villagers do not utilize biomass fuel for their daily cooking fuel All sub-villages within AoI of Muara Medium High Local villagers obtain organic fertilizer from seller who live outside sub- Low from their livestock. Cow and chicken dung are utilized for crops Laboh project area villages (fertilizer store) fertilizer. Timber and wood The amount of timber available to local people has been decreasing. All sub-villages within AoI of Muara Medium High Potential alternatives exist for use by the villages such as bricks and Low products There is a restriction from local government official (forestry) by Laboh project area cement which they can get from house building store in the city (outside establishing the local regulation/law to prohibit people entering forest. Muara Laboh) as road condition to and from the store is currently is in To overcome such issue, the timber and wood are planted in local good condition. If the local people still need timber and wood for building villagers’ farm or plantation. houses, they buy it from house building store outside Muara Laboh. Non- Timber Forest Wild honey availability has been decreasing at project AoI. All sub-villages within AoI of Muara Low Moderate Potential alternatives for use by villagers such as buying the honey from Low Products (NTFP) Laboh project area local market or supermarket. Freshwater Currently, local communities utilize rivers (Bangko Putih, Bangko All sub-villages within AoI of Muara High Moderate Spring water (Pamsimas program) and deep well are available for hygiene, High Hitam, Bangko Keruk, Batang Marite, Batang Bangko Kete' and Batang Laboh project area cooking and drinking; however river water is still used for irrigation and Bangko) for irrigation system and micro-hydro development. In wet micro-hydro development. season, water quantity of river is increased but in dry season, river is decreased. If Muara Laboh project utilizes local rivers, it may likely impact to the river quantity and quality. Regulating Services Erosion regulation The forest in Muara Laboh project may provide stability to the slopes to Supreme Energy has taken erosion High Moderate Careful management of soil surfaces and river will be required to limit High reduce the chance of land slips and erosion management to prevent impacts of damage caused by erosion and mass movement (equipment mobilization). the affected sub-villages downstream. Recreation and Sapan Maluluang water boom. It is hot spring water sourced from Pinang Awan Sub-village High Low The water boom is visited by villagers surrounding and from outside Low tourism Mount Kerinci that is utilized by local communities in Pinang Awan village in the weekends. There is no other hot spring spot found around Sub-village. the project that is utilized by local villagers.

Cultural Services Spiritual, Religious or Incense (styrax benzoin) is used by some of local villagers as a A few sub-villages within AoI of Low High The incense is bought from local market. Low Cultural value companion of prayers to start paddy field planting season. This incense project area in Muara Laboh is not planted in local villagers’ farm or plantation. It is bought from local market and always available in the local market, however it is in small amount. Ornamental resources The coconut leaves are available in the villagers’ farm/plantation as the All sub-villages within AoI of Low High Currently, local villagers very rarely use the coconut leaves for certain Low coconut trees grow wildly. project area in Muara Laboh. event, e.g. wedding party. Due to the influence of lifestyle modernization, local villagers decorate the certain event using trinkets made from colourful paper that is sold in the accessories shop for wedding party.

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4.3 PRIORITY ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

The following priority ecosystem services shown in Error! Reference source ot found. have been identified and will be assessed against the impact assessment procedures.

Table 4-3 Priority ecosystem services

Priority Ecosystem Description Service

Freshwater Evidence suggests that freshwater is used by local people from within the Project Area and AoI for irrigation system and micro-hydro development. The project may restrict or impact this activity. Impacts from the project activities may likely impact downstream due to utilization of river water, especially during the dry season due to decrease of water flows.

Erosion regulation Evidence suggests that Muara Laboh Project area of AoI has regulating erosion on slopes and riparian areas in the vicinity. The careful efforts in erosion control can provide stability to the slopes to reduce the chance of land slips and erosion. The land clearing and other related project activities might potentially change the river sedimentation and occurrence of erosion.

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5 IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR PRIORITY ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

5.1 APPROACH

In a mitigation context, rigorous functional ecosystem services (ecosystem services) impact assessments focus not only on how supply is disrupted but also on how the delivery of services will be impacted over the lifetime of the project, and how much those changes are likely to matter to people (value). At the mitigation stage, ERM identifies options through the mitigation hierarchy to enhance or at least maintain: (1) the well-being affected beneficiaries derive from ecosystem services and (2) the performance the project derives from ecosystem services at acceptable levels.

Based on World Research Institute (WRI) publication titled “Weaving Ecosystem Services into Impact Assessment”, ecosystem service mitigation measures inform project design and operations and are incorporated into the environmental and social management plans. Once ecosystem service-specific mitigation measures are identified, ensure there are no conflicts between these mitigation measures and the ones identified independently by the environmental and social practitioners.

5.2 PROPOSED MITIGATIONS

For freshwater, water-related ecosystem services that depend on catchment- scale hydrologic functions should be mitigated within the same catchment (watershed) to provide the same benefits to the same people. The watershed is determined by the area that supports biophysical service production, and allows beneficiaries both physical and institutional access to the service. Water quality and quantity protection measures should therefore be applied within the watershed where the SEML project is located.

On erosion regulation, geothermal development may be accomplished with minimal mass soil movement problems, if development sites and roads are located and constructed appropriately.

The following Table 5-1 indicates the mitigation actions proposed for the SEML project to reduce impacts on the priority ecosystem services.

It should be noted that these mitigations are currently being implemented by SEML and outlined in the BAP (v10). No additional mitigations are therefore necessary for the Project to implement to reduce the impacts to ecosystem services.

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Table 5-1 Mitigations Proposed for the SEML project to reduce impacts on the priority ecosystem services

Priority Ecosystem Affected Stakeholder Predicted Impacts on Ecosystem Mitigation Measures (minimization) Services Service Benefit Freshwater Local villagers Reduced water quantity and  Freshwater use impacts can be reduced by utilizing dry cooling or by using non- quality due to water utilization* by freshwater sources as a cooling medium. A non-freshwater sources such as utilization of the SEML project where local groundwater; villagers use the freshwater for  Freshwater use impacts can be reduced by utilizing groundwater source for washing and irrigation system and micro-hydro bathroom facilities development. Erosion Regulation Local villagers Sediment carried in waters drained  Road and train construction will not block drainage systems or water courses. Culverts or from roads and also soil other suitable crossings will be installed in drainages, and roads will be drained or water sedimentation** includes damage barred as necessary to prevent erosion; to provisioning value streams or  All roads planned for permanent or long-term use will be adequately gravelled or paved; rivers.  Roads, well pads, building and associated structured will be located and designed to require minimum earth movement for their construction;  All disturbed areas will be seeded, mulched, and fertilized for adequate protection from rain and run-off. Where feasible, native vegetation will be included in the prescription to restore the natural setting and to take advantage of normal ecological relationships;  Adequate erosion control and drainage measures will be required on disturbed sites to minimize soil movement and sedimentation of water courses. Notes: *water utilization by the SEML project in smaller quantities, water may be needed on a temporary basis for well field development for things such as dust suppression, drilling fluid, and reservoir stimulation. Small amounts of water may also be needed for washing and bathroom facilities for the power plant. In some cases, most geothermal plants can use either geothermal fluid or freshwater for cooling. **soil erosion impacts can be expected from clearing and earth movement activities associated with construction of building, well sites, pipelines, transmission lines, and roads.

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The business of sustainability www .erm.com ATTACHMENT 4 FISH AND MACROINVERTEBRATES STUDY 1

Prepared by: Dewi Imelda Roesma, Izmiarti, Ahmad Mursyid, Andri Saputra, Ryski Darma Busta, Ruhama Maya Sari, Tengku Lidra Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University

Prepared for: Environmental Resources Management (ERM) 2

Fish and Macroinvertebrates Rapid Assessment in the Supreme Energi Muara Labuh Area (West Sumatra)

Dewi Imelda Roesma, Izmiarti, Ahmad Mursyid, Andri Saputra, Ryski Darma Busta, Ruhama Maya Sari, Tengku Lidra

Biology Deparment, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University Kampus Limau Manis, Padang, West Sumatra [email protected]

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The surveys in PT Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML) area has been conducted from 6th -8th December 2017. The survey collected two types of fresh water fauna biodiversity, Fish and Macroinverterbrates. Total seven streams were surveyed in SEML. There are five species of Fish include in three Family reported. There are two species of Balitoridae, two species of Cyprinidae and one species of Cichlidae. The dominan species were Homaloptera cf. ripleyi, Homalopterula gymnogaster which is an endemic Sumatra and Barbodes banksi. Tor douronensis obtained only at one stream. In addition, there was Oreochromis niloticus collected which is an introduced species that are purposeful stocked into the pond around the stream. Reffering to IUCN Red List, they all are in NE (Not Evaluated) status except H. gymnogaster under Indonesia Protected. Diversity index for fish in the SEML area classified as low diversity. The presence of Macroinverterbrates genera on each stream is varied. Genera found in all streams are the Centroptilum, Nemura, Hydropsyche, but Simulium are not found in one stream. The predominant macroinvertebrate genera are: Simulium, Centroptilum, Pseudocloeon, Nemura, Orthocladinae, Hydropsyche, Neophylax and Melanoides. One genus of crab Parathelphusa maculata founded in SERD and SEML. That species recorded as Least Concern (LC) in the IUCN Red List. The analysis of macroinvertebrates data showed that the stream ecosystem in the SEML area is relatively undisturbed and the quality is classified as of clean water. This indicated by the number of macroinvertebrates genera of each stream which is relatively high ( 19-27 genera) with the number of individuals range from 95 to 206 individuals, and the genera diversity index is moderate (2,00 -2, 59).

Keywords: Fish, macroinvertebrate, diversity index, Supreme energy

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I. INTRODUCTION

Biodiversity refers to the term for the degree of nature’s variety or variation within the natural system, both in number and frequency. The manifestation of biodiversity are the biological resources (genes, species, organisms, ecosystems) and ecological processes of which they are part (Mutia, 2009). The variety of species are measured in term of Species Richness and Species Abundance. Species Richness is the total count/number of species in a defined area. While Species Abundance is refers to the relative numbers among species (Rawat & Agarwal, 2015). In the level of species, the same species often show differences in phenotypic characters and may also include genetic characteristics if living under different ecological conditions (Moyle & Cech, 2000). Keeley, Parkinson & Taylor (2005) suggest that the differences in characters that appear in response to habitat conditions will increase the variation and differentiation that can lead to speciation, especially in conditions of disconnected of gene flow between populations. There for in the future, it also important to monitor their genetic diversity. Human activity for the purpose of harvesting natural resources for industry production and urbanization is often destroyed the natural habitats. Clearing forest areas, mining, logging, urban sprawl, construction of highways are some examples of habitat destruction and fragmentation (Agarwal et al, 2014 and Rawat & Agarwal, 2015). PT SEML are Joint Ventures of Supreme Energy, Engie and Marubeni to develop a geothermal power plant with an installed capacity of 80MW. The SEML project is located in Muara Labuh in Solok Selatan Regency, West Sumatra Province. The projects consist of wellpads and interconnecting pipelines to supply steam to a power generator. A switch yard and transmission line network is also associated with the Project. Geologically, areas are located in the Barisan Mountains Zone or exactly in the active fault zone of the Great Sumatra Fault (GSF). Geomorphology, PT SEML is located along the Sumatra fault system. Two geothermal sources extend along 50 km of the Sumatra fault zone, namely North Muara Labuh and South Muara Labuh.

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Both geothermal sources have different geothermal and recharge sources, although hydrologically interconnected with each other. The presence of geothermal power plant project may alters stream conditions, reduces connectivity, and blocks access to upstream areas with high quality habitat, abundant prey, and fewer predators. That area is often blamed for population declines of migratory fishes. According to Chaudhuri (2005), the availability of data and specific detailed information about the biodiversity of fish in various types of aquatic ecosystems is indispensable as a basis for freshwater fisheries habitat management on an ongoing basis. In other to anticipate losing diversity of fish fauna in the area to be developed in the construction of Geothermal Power Plant in SEML zones, research is conducted through a rapid assessment activities. The aim of the research is to collect, to record and to study diversity of fish species present in the streams in that area, as a baseline data within the project zone which can to be useful for aquatic resources management of this area in the future. Aquatic macroinvertebrates has a role as indicators of water quality. Different types of macro invertebrates tolerate different stream conditions and levels of pollution. Depending on the types of macro invertebrates found in a stream, predictions about water quality can be made. Aquatic macro invertebrates are also an important part of aquatic and terrestrial food chains. They graze on algae and break down leaves and sticks that fall into the water. They are also an important food source for fish. Macroinvertebrates samples collection able to estimate water conditions as ecologically. Population estimation, diversity, composition and community structure of macro invertebrates able to show the description of the environment and carrying capacity in that location. (Michael, 1984; Wallace and Webster, 1996). In connection with the construction and development of geothermal energy resources in Muara Labuh, an aquatic biodiversity survey has been conducted. The purpose of these surveys is to obtain further information on freshwater aquatic biodiversity values at the area and to improve understanding of the conditions of these areas. Specifically, the purpose of this survey are to determine the presence of species of conservation significance (CR, EN and VU on the IUCN Red List of

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Threatened Species; Indonesian Protected Species, migratory and/or endemic/restricted range species) within the Project Area.

II. METHODOLOGY

Sampling method and Study area: The survey collected two types of fresh water fauna, Fish and Macroinverterbrata in a total of eight sites in Supreme Energy Muara Labuh area. The surveyed focused to the stream system. The sampling was done during the wet season on 6th December until 8th December 2017.

II.1. Sampling method of Fish: The study used survey and directly collection methods, following standard procedure according to Cailliet et al. (1986) using fish net and backpack electrofishing gear (12 Volt). Sampling of every available location was done in one-two hours. The characteristics of sample obtained such as body and fins color that may be lost or changed after death were photographed. Then, samples will preserved with formaldehyde 4-10 % in plastic box during in the field and then wrap in gauze bandage when transported and taken to the laboratory. In the laboratory, all specimen preserved later in 70% ethanol. Taxonomic studies, count and measurement are based on Hubb and Lagler (1947). Measurement were made by using Vernier caliper. Classification and identification follow those texts written by (Weber & Beaufort, (1916), Roberts (1989), Kottelat et al. (1993), Kottelat & Whitten (1996), Kottelat (2013). All specimens are deposited in Andalas University Museum. Upon each sampling location, the composition of riparian vegetation, stream substrate, type of water level, current (using a buoy), and temperature were recorded. Local weather, date, time of day, location, stream channel conditions also recorded.

II.2. Sampling method of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates

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The sampling of Aquatic macroinvertebrate was done in seven streams around the SERD Project. The sample was collected using Surber net Sampler (with quadrat frame 30 cm x 30 cm in size). The sampling methods refer to the modified RBA (Rapid Biodiversity Assessment) protocol. The sampling area in each stream was determined along 100 m which represents the characteristics of the stream. The samples collected from the productive area (the area most likely inhabited by macroinvertebrates) such as riffle, pool, run, leaf pack, stream margin with vegetation within the 100 m reach of the stream. Sampling began at the downstream and proceeded to the upstream. In each stream collected tree sample with Surber net on the rocky substrate is approximately faunal diversity in the area. The Surber net place on the bottom of the stream with the mouth facing upstream, 20-30 cm depth. The quadrat frame is held with one foot. All the stones in the square are pick up and remove from the bucket. The remaining substrate in the square is disturbed by garden trowel so that organisms will be dislodged and washed into the net. The stone brushed in the bucket is filled with the sufficient water to cover stone by using a stiff bristle brush to release the organisms. Macroinvertebrates were filtered through 250- micron mesh sieve. The material leaf in the filter removed to the jar and water added sufficiently. Preserved with 40% formalin arranged to the concentration of the solution in the sample bottle to 4%. Hand collection is also done with the aim that the animal not caught with the net will be found in this way. Five stones which are biggish, flat and rough surface selected. The animals attached to the stone are taken with tweezers or removed with a wire brush. The samples were also collected from the leaf pack and stream margin with vegetation by the same sampler. The debris rinsed and inspected, then filtered through the same screen. The sample place into the jar. Identification of macroinvertebrates was done in Animal Ecology Laboratory of Biology Department of FMIPA Andalas University using dissecting microscope 4 x 10 to 6 x 10 magnification and related reference book. Identification was carried out to the genus level based on Quigley (1977), Van Benthem Jutting (1956), Edmunds, Jessen, and Berner (1976), Pennak (1978), Merrit and Cummins (1984), Kawai (1985), Pescador, Ramussen and Harris (2002), etc.

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II.3. Data Analysis

Estimation for Fish and macroinvertebrates diversity was doing with by Shannon- Wiener Diversity index: s H’ = - ∑ pi ln pi n=1 Where: H’ = Shannon-Wiener diversity index Pi = ni/N ni = Number individual of one genus N = Total number of all individuals in the sample

II.4. Locations Surveyed Table.1. Position of the sampling site in SEML

No. Site Code Streams Position Altitude 1 SEML 1 Bangko Hitam S-01037’56,5” 1455 m asl E-101007’40,1” 2 SEML 2 Bangko Keruh S-01036’39,4” 1162 m asl E-101007’48,7” 3 SEML 3 Muara S. Bangko Putih S-01036’12,8” 1055 m asl E-101007’34,0” 4 SEML 4 Bangko Putih S-01038’07,4” 1439 m asl E-101008’07,9” 5 SEML 5 Liki S-01036’26,2” 1003 m asl E-101009’02,4” 6 SEML 6 Bangko S-01036’31,1” 1090 m asl E-101007’14,2”

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Figure 1. Location of sampling site in SEML

III. RESULT and DISCUSSION

Survey Site Description III. 1. SEML (Supreme Energy Muara Labuh) a. SEML 1 Aia hitam was the sixth surveyed site in Muara Labuh. The survey was began in 8th December 2017 at 09:07 WIB. The stream has cascade type, so many rapids on this stream especially in upper and downstream. This survey was conducted in

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geographical position 01°37'56,5"S and 101°07'40,1" E with elevation 1455 meter asl, width of the stream was 1-3 meters, a depth about 0,1-1 meter, water temperature measured was 17 oC, and air temperature 18 oC, humidity 81%, current velocity of stream. The weather was sunny when the survey did. This survey site have any intact and human disturbance, especially for well pad operation. The vegetation dominated by small trees, shrubs like graminae, and ferns, etc. b. SEML 2 Bangko Keruh was the fourth stream surveyed in Muara Labuh. The suvey was began in 7th December 2017 at 14.21WIB. The site has tunnel and small waterfall. This survey was conducted in geographical position 01°36'39,4"S and 101°07'48,7" E with elevation 1162 meter asl, width of the stream was 1-5 meters, a depth about 01-0,5 meter, water temperature measured was 24 oC and air temperature 25 oC, humidity 77%, flow velocity of stream 0,364 m/s, pH 7, turbid water, rocks, sand, stones as the substrates, there are some pools. It was sunny when the survey did. Along the banks of the stream where the sample collected the local community do plantation and agricultural activities. The vegetation dominated by small trees, shrubs like graminae, and ferns, etc. c. SEML 3 Bangko Putih was the fifth surveyed site in Muara Labuah. The suvey was began in 7th December 2017 at 16.4WIB. Different with the sites before, the stream is a lower than the Bangko Keruh and Aia Putiah, when the the surveyed did, the water was muddy caused the activities in the upstream. The condition of the river is unstable. In the rainy season there will be floods and if the dry season the water will disappear. The site has tunnel and bridge. This survey was conducted in geographical position 01°36'12,8 S" and 101°07'34,0" E with elevation 1055 meter asl, width of the stream 5-8 meters, a depth about 0,4-1 meter, water temperature measured was 20 oC, air temperature was 19 oC, humidity 92%, current velocity 0,568 m/s, pH 6,5, the water is not fully clear. The stream rocks and sand gravel substrate. There were some pools.

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It was sunny weather when the survey did. The vegetation dominated by trees, shrubs like graminae, and ferns, etc. d. SEML 4 Sungai Bangko Jernih was the second surveyed site in Muara Labuh. The suvey was began in 7th December 2017 at 09:24 WIB. The stream has cascade type, there are many rapids in the upper and down stream. This survey was conducted in geographical position 01°38'07,4"S and 101°08'07,9"E with elevation 1439 meter asl, width of the stream was 10-15 meters, a depth about 0,5-2 meter, water temperature measured was 15,5oC and air temperature was 18oC, humidity 81%, flows velocity 0,54 m/s, pH 6, having rocks, sand and stones substrates. The weather was sunny when the survey did. Along the banks of the stream is the secondary forest. The vegetation dominated by trees, graminae, mosses and ferns, etc. e. SEML 5 Liki is the first surveyed site in Muara Labuh. The suvey began in 6th December 2017 at 14.03 WIB. The stream has cascade type, with many rapids especially in upper and downstream. Upperstream has any waterfall. This survey was conducted in geographical position 01°36'26,2"S and 101°09'02,4"E with elevation 1003 meters asl, width of the stream 5-20 meters, a depth about 0,5-1,5 meters, water temperature swas 19oC, air temperature was 22oC, humidity 84%, flow velocity 0,678 m/s, pH 7, the water clear, rocks and sand gravel substrate. The weather was sunny when the survey did. This survey site has a human activities, especially for plantation. The vegetation dominated by small trees, shrubs like graminae, and ferns, etc. f. SEML 6 Bangko was the last surveyed site in Muara Labuh. The suvey was began in 8th December 2017 at 14:50 WIB. The stream has cascade type, so many rapids on this stream in upper and down stream. This survey was conducted in geographical

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position 01°36'31,1"S and 101°07'14,2"E with elevation 1090 meter asl, width of the stream was 6-10 meters, a depth about 0,1-1 meter, water temperature measured was 20 oC, air temperature was 23 oC, humidity 92%, flow velocity 0,657 m/s, pH 6,5, have rocks, sandy and stones substrate and bright cloudy weather when the survey did. The vegetation dominated by trees, coffees, bananas graminae, mosses and ferns, etc. g. SEML 7 This site was a small stream, close to Aia hitam stream. The suvey was started in 8th December 2017 at 08:36 am. The stream has cascade type, has small waterfall and so many rapids on this stream in upper and downstream. This survey was conducted in geographical position 01°37'49,5 S" and 101°07'45,0" E with elevation 1467 meter asl, width of the stream was 1-2 meters, a depth about 0,1-0,5 meter, water temperature measured was 18oC, air temperature was 22oC, humidity 87%, pH 6,5, having rocks, sand and stones substrate. It was sunny weather when the survey did. This survey site lies in secondary forest, but it was close to well pad activity, and any intact or pools was built for that. The vegetation dominated by trees, coffees, graminae, ferns, etc.

III.2. Fish and Macroinvertebrate diversity III.2.1. Fish diversity Survey that has been done around PT Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML) documented 5 Species, include in three Family consist of Balitoridae (two species), Cyprinidae (two species) and Cichlidae (one species). The species found dominantly were Homalopterula gymnogaster , Homaloptera cf. ripleyi, and Barbodes banksi. In addition, there was Oreochromis niloticus collected (Table 2, Table 3 and Figure 4). All the species collected have a NE (Not Evaluated) status in IUCN Red List and only one is Indonesia Government protected as a endemic island species, which is H. gymnogaster .

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According to the villagers there are several Fish in Liki Stream like Hampala macrolepidota, Barbodes, Tor douronensis, Glyptothorax, Homalopterula, Channa and Hemibgrus. Unfortunately, in our rapid assessment we could not find all of them.

Table 2. Fish Species Collected at Supreme Energi Muara Labuh (SEML) No. Scientific name Common Stat Location name us A. Family: Balitoridae 1 Homalopterula gymnogaster (Bleeke - IP SEML-1, SEML-2, r, 1853) SEML-5, SEML-6, SEML-7 2 Homaloptera cf. ripleyi - IP SEML-1, SEML-2, SEML-3, SEML-5, SEML-6, SEML-7 B. Family: Cyprinidae 1 Barbodes banksi (Herre, 1940) Spotted barb NE SEML: 2,3,5,6 2 Tor douronensis (Valenciennes, 1842) Semah NE SEML: 5 mahseer C. Family: Cichlidae

1 Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, Nile tilapia NE SEML: 7 1758) Note: SEML-1= Aia Hitam stream, SEML-2= Bangko Keruh stream, SEML-3= Bangko Putih stream, SEML-5= Liki stream, SEML-6= Bangko stream, SEML-7= Anak Aia Hitam stream. NE= Not Evaluated in IUCN Red List, IP= Indonesia Protected.

Table 3. Number of Individu per species collected at PT. Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML) SERD - Spesies 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Barbodes banksi (Herre, 1940) 22 3 12 15

Homalopterula gymnogaster (Bleeker, 1853) 3 2 18 23 5

Homalopterula sp 13 10 5 8 22 11

Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) 1

Tor douronensis (Valenciennes, 1842) 1

Total Individu 16 34 8 0 39 60 17

Barbodes banksi firstly known as a synonym of Puntius binotatus, which distributed widely in Southeast Asia. They live in lowlands to highlands and

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categories as not migrated species (Roberts, 1989) and Rainboth (1996). In the IUCN Red List, this species has been reported as Barbodes binotatus (Kottelat, 2013) and Jenkins et al. (2015). According to Kottelat (2013), P. banksi assigns as B. banksi with a synonym of P. binotatus banksi (B. binotatus banksi). In the diversity study, Roesma (2011) has been reported that there are three groups of P. binotatus in West Sumatra where Kottelat (pers.com) proposes to record as P. cf1.binotatus, P. cf2.binotatus, and P. cf3.binotatus according to its geographic distribution. Vitri, Roesma and Syaifullah (2012) showed that there are the variation of the morphological characters between West Sumatra samples at different altitudinal. The latest phylogenetic study using CO1 gen, Roesma et al. (2017 in press) found that three group of P. cf. binotatus from West Sumatra were strongly supported as Barbodes banksi with genetic variation ranging from 0 to 8.3% which is also consist of three groups. The sequent divergent between B. banksi and P. binotatus ranging from 11.6% to 12.6%. Based on the above information and geographic position, we are suggested that the spotted barb in SEML area is a B. banksi. In this survey, B. banksi found in three sites (Table 3.) with the frequency of attendance is 37.5 (Figure 4). It is possible that the population of SERD area will show the variations. According to Moyle & Cech, (2000), in the level of species, the same species often show differences in phenotypic characters and may also include genetic characteristics if living under different ecological conditions. Keeley, Parkinson & Taylor (2005) suggest that the differences in characters that appear in response to habitat conditions will increase the variation and differentiation that can lead to speciation, especially in conditions of disconnected of gene flow between populations. There for in the future, it also important to monitor their genetic diversity. In this survey, apart from Barbodes, species exhibiting high numbers of individuals as well as frequencies of attendance were Homalopterula gymnogaster and Homaloptera ripleyi (Table 2, Table 3 and Figure 2). According to Silas (1953), the genus Homalopterula is a synonym of the genus Homaloptera due to morphological variations in the caudal and the presence or absence of scales on the

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ventral surface of the abdomen. H.gymnogaster is an endemic island species of Sumatra and listed as Indonesian protected fish under Government Regulation (PP. Number7,1999). Roesma (2011) has collected H. gymnogaster from several streams and rivers spread in West Sumatra. The phylogenetic studies are being conducted at this time. Furthermore, Ott (2009) states that Homalopterula is a subgenus of Homaloptera and reaffirmed by Kottelat (2012) that the genus Homalopterula is a synonym of the genus Homaloptera. In this survey another Homaloptera also found which is characteristics very similar to H.ripleyi (Sumatran endemic species), we name it as H.cf. ripleyi because of more study should be done to make it accountable. H.ripleyi is only known by the holotype from Northen Sumatra which is deposited in the Natural History Museum in Philadelphia. H.ripleyi originally described by Fowler (1940), and has been re- described by Ott (2009). From the Table 2, it is known that H.gymnogaster and H.cf. ripleyi can be found in the same sites, meaning they can co-exist and need the same habitat conditions. Thus, it is also likely to be found in other waters where H.gymnogaster is. An individual Oreochromis niloticus was also caught and recorded in this study. The fish is found at the location of SEML 7, which is a small tributary. Near the creek was created a pond for water reservoir. O. niloticus stocked into it for food and games.

2,5

2

1,5 1

Number Species of 0,5

0 Cyprinidae Balitoridae Cichlidae Family

Figure 2. Number of Species per Family in Muara Labuh

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Data Deficient 0

Indonesia Protected 1 SEML

Not Evaluated 4

0 1 2 3 4

Figure 3. Number of species collected in Muara Labuh according to IUCN conservation status and Indonesia Government

85,71 90,00 71,43 80,00 70,00 57,14 60,00 50,00 40,00

frequency% 30,00 14,29 14,29 20,00 10,00 0,00

SPECIES

Figure 4. Frequency of attendance of fishes in SERD

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Figure 4 shows the frequency attendance of fishes in SEML (Supreme Energy Muara labuh). The highest value was Homaloptera cf. ripleyi (F: 85,71), followed by Homaloptera gymnogaster (F:71,43), Barbodes banksi (57,14), Oreochromis niloticus (F:14,29), and Tor douronensis (F:14,29).

Figure 5. Shannon-Wiener species diversity in the SEML

The higher diversity index was in SEML-5 (H’: 1,23), followed by SEML-6 (H’:1,08) and categorized as fair diversity. SEML-7 and SEML-2 (0,81), SEML-3 (H’:0,66) and , SEML-1 (H’:0,48) were categorized as low diversity. There is no categorized of SEML-4 caused none of fish caught from the site (Figure 5). . In general, diversity index for SERD area classified as low diversity of fishes. This condition can be understood because of the sites surveyed are around 1000-1500 m asl with the water temperature ranging from 150C-240C. Besides that conditions, as is typical of the river upstream, many rapids on the stream also inhibit the migration of fish. The frequent occurrence of landslides entering water bodies also leads the habitat and the component of the population.

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III.2.2. Fish Descriptions III.2.2.1 Family: Balitoridae 3.2.1.1 Homalopterula gymnogaster (Bleeker, 1853) Classification Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata Class : Actinopterygii Order : Cypriniformes Family : Balitoridae Genus : Homaloptera Species : Homalopterula gymnogaster (Bleeker, 1853) Common names : Julung Local name : Lepu

Figure 6: Homalopterula gymnogaster

Description: H. gymnogaster has dorsal origin behind pelvic origin, 60-73 scales along lateral line, anal origin much closer to caudal base than to pelvic base, 5-6 pectoral spines and 8-9 pectoral soft rays. There are not scales in front of pelvics. The total length of this species is 75 mm (Kottelat et al., 1993).

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Habitat and Ecology: H. gymnogaster include in highland species inhabiting riffles and ‘quiet waters’, which we assume to mean lakes. Most importantly the water must be clean and well- oxygenated. Base substrate can either be of gravel, sand or a mixture of both to which should be added a layer of water-worn rocks and pebbles of varying sizes (Rolland and Page, 2015).

Distribution : Sumatra (Endemic) IUCN Red List Status : Not Evaluated

3.2.2.1.2 Homaloptera cf. ripleyi (Fowler, 1940) Classification Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata Class : Actinopterygii Order : Cypriniformes Family : Balitoridae Genus : Homaloptera Species : Homaloptera cf.ripleyi (Fowler, 1940) Common names : Julung Local name : Lepu

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Figure 7: Homaloptera cf. ripleyi Description: H. ripleyi can be diagnosed by the following combination of characters: presence of - 10 saddle-like blotches on the dorsal surface, not reaching the lateral line; ventral surface totally scaleless; caudal-fin obliquely truncate with upper lobe slightly longer than lower; jaws, especially lower jaw with a prominent curved shape; dorsal-fin origin slightly anterior to pelvic-fin origin; lateral line scales 72-78 (Seriouslyfish, 2018). Habitat and Ecology: Known only from a relatively-restricted area with recent collections occurring from rivers draining eastern slopes of the Barisan mountain range between the area north of Lake Toba, Sumatera Utara (northern Sumatra) province, Sumatra, Indonesia, and the border with the neighbouring province of Aceh (Seriouslyfish, 2018).

Distribution : Endemic, Northern Sumatera, Indonesia (Fishbase,2018) IUCN Red List Status : Not Evaluated

4.2.2 Family: Cyprinidae 4.2.2.1 Barbodes banksi (Herre, 1940) Classification Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata Class : Actinopterygii Order : Cypriniformes Family : Cyprinidae Genus : Barbodes Species : Barbodes banksi (Herre, 1940) Common name : Spotted barb Local name : Pareh (Muara Labuh)

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Figure 7. Barbodes banksi (Herre, 1940)

Description: Barbodes banksi is different with Puntius binotatus in having a dark wedge-shaped marking (vs. a round spot) on the sides of the body immediately below the dorsal fin. As there seems to to be a considerable amount of variation in the markings between populations, it also mean that banksi and binotatus represent 2 extreme color forms of a single species (Kottelat and Lim, 1995). This species has 90-110 mm in maximum standard length (seriouslyfish, 2017).

Habitat and Ecology: Found in a variety of small streams in lowland and foothills, usually with clear water (Kottelat and Widjanarti, 2005).

Distribution : Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia IUCN Red List Status : Not Evaluated

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4.2.2.2 Tor douronensis (Valenciennes, 1842) Classification Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata Class : Actinopterygii Order : Cypriniformes Family : Cyprinidae Genus : Tor Species : Tor douronensis (Valenciennes, 1842) Common name : Semah mahseer Local name : Ikan Putih (Muara Labuh)

Figure 8: Tor douronensis (Valenciennes, 1842)

Description: T. douronensisi has median lobe on lower lip not reaching corner of mouth and its stiff part of last simple dorsal ray as long as head without snout. Total length reaches

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350 mm (Kottelat et al., 1993). It has dorsal fin with 3 spines and 9 ray; 3 spines and 5 rays of anal fin; pectoral fin consist of 1 spine and 16 rays; ventran fin with 2 spines and 8 rays; linea lateralis with 21-24 scales. Rostral barbels about 1 ½ times, maxillary barbels about twice in eye. Pectoral slightly shorter than height of dorsal. Caudal deeply forked, its lobe pointed, about equal to head. Least height of caudal peduncle 1 ½ or more in its length, surrounded by 12 scales. Silvery, back darkish. Base of scales of back and sides darkish (Haryono, 2006).

Habitat and ecology: This species lives on a stream of tropical forest in moderate to heavy flow and in clear waters. Found in medium to large-sized stream during the dry season and migrate downstream in the rainy season. Living on the waters with basic substrates in the form of gravel and rocks (Kottelat, 2012).

Distribution : Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia IUCN Red List Status : Not Evaluated

4.2.3 Family: Cichlidae 4.2.3.1 Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Classification Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata Class : Actinopterygii Order : Perciniformes Family : Cichlidae Genus : Oreochromis Species : Oreochromis nioloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Common name : Nile tilapia Local name : Nila

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Figure 9: Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Description: O. niloticus has 15-18 dorsal spines, 11-13 dorsal soft rays, 3 anal spines, 9-11 anal soft rays and 30-32 vetebrae. Maximum standard length is 60 cm, but usually smaller (around 35 cm). Male fish develop pointed dorsal and anal fins while the females are rounded. Jaws of mature male not greadtly enlarged (29-37% of head length).The presence of regular vertical stripes throughout depth of caudal fin can be the most distinguishing characteristic (Fishbase, 2017).

Habitat and ecology: It is an adaptable species that is found in a wide range of habitats, including streams, streams, ponds, lakes and coastal plains. It occurs in both fresh and brackish waters and usually inhabits shallow areas. Some vegetable matter should be included in its diet. This species will eat most food offered. Distribution : O. niloticus has a very wide natural range and is native to (in alphabetical order) Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Israel,

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Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo and Uganda. It has also been introduced as a food fish in over 70 other countries and escaped or released populations now exist in many of these (Seriouslyfish, 2017). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.

IUCN Red List Status : Not Evaluated Threath to humans : Potential pest

III.3.1. Macroinvertebrate Diversity in SEML area Project Survey that has been done at six streams around PT Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML) documented 69 genera, 907 individuals include in seven Class (Arachnida, Malacostraca, Insecta, Hirudinea, Oligochaeta, Gastropoda dan Turbellaria) and 15 orders (Aranea, Decapoda, Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Pharyngobdellida, Haplotaxida, Mesogastropoda dan Trilacdida). The entire genera found in this study is shown in Table 4. All of the macroinvertebrate genera can not be determined it’s status as there is no reference to the determination of animal status. These genera not found in IUCN Red List, CITES, PP no.7 / 1999 and no. 8/1999, except for one genus of Malacostraca that is Parathelphusa maculate (Fam. Gecarcinucidae) (Figure 9). These crabs included in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Least Concern (LC). Table 5 present the composition of macroinvertebrate communities in all streams. Total number of genera and number of individuals dominated by Insecta (57 genera and 869 individuals around 98.69% of individuals total). This is because Insecta is able to live in various habitats under different conditions. Generally the stream community consists mainly of pre-adult Insects (William and Felmate, 1992). This is due to its ability to survive in flowing waters although fast current velocity because it has a flat-dorsoventral body, strong claw and has a case attached to the bottom surface of the rock, so it can maintain its position despite rapid current. The

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base substrate in this stream is generally rocky with moderate to fast currents velocity. Other classes such as Arachnida, Malacostraca, Hirudinea, Oligochaeta, Gastrpoda and Turbellaria found 1-4 genera with small individuals number range from 1-21 individuals. Arachnids are found around riverbank plants and Malacostraca also found rivebank on muddy substrates. Usually habitat of Oligochaeta on a muddy substrate with a high organic content, therefore it is little found in streams that have rocky base substrates, such as observed stream. Gastropods were found only in SEML 2 (Bangko Karuah stream) of 4 genera which is dominated by Melanoides. On the edge of the stream there are rice fields, we estimated that the gastropods found in this stream come from the fields enter with the flow of water into the stream. The stream conditions suitable for gastropod life such as algae-covered the stone in the bottom provide a food source for the organism so that it can survived in the Bangko Karuah stream. Gastropods are also found in the pool that found in this streams. In this puddle also found 3 genera of worms (Oligochaeta) which is a characteristic genera in calm waters with muddy substrate. The dominance of Insects in this stream is due to its ability to maintaining the current. Insects’ larva generally has attachment devices including silk and other sticky secretion, hooks, suckers and cases (Allan, 1995). Malacostraca found 1 species of crabs namely Parathelphusa maculata as many as 3 individuals, 2 individuals found in SEML 1 (Aia Hitam Stream), 1 individual found in SEML 6 (Bangko Stream) .This crab was obtained at the riverbank with relatively slow current velocity when collecting fish sampling using electrofishing devices. Parathelphusa maculata belonged to the family of Pharathelphusidae but is now classified into the Gecarcinucidae family (Klause et al., 2008). This species prefers lowland stream and tolerant of muddy water. This animals have a hight tolerance of low oxygen condition. It commons under rock, logs, vegetation, debris but also dig deep burrow on the banks of the stream. The burrow is always open into the water. Normally adult females live in burrows, but their juveniles can be found in open water (Klause et al, 2008).

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Figure 9. Parathelphusa maculate ( F.Gecarcinucidae) Table 4. Aquatic macroinvertebrates collected at PT. Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML) Number of Individuals No Taxa SEML STATUS 1 2 3 4 5 6 I C. ARACHNIDA O. Aranea 1 Archuphantes 1 NE 2 Aranea 1 1 NE II C. MALACOSTRACA O. Decapoda 3 Parathelphusa maculata 2 1 LC III C. INSECTA O. Coleoptera 4 Donacia 1 NE 5 Elmomorphus 1 3 9 NE 6 Dineutus 2 NE 7 Hydrocasis 7 3 NE 8 Nomuraelmis 2 NE 9 Promoresia NE 10 Stenelmis 2 NE 11 Zaitzevia 5 5 NE 12 Alabameubria 2 NE 13 Psephenoides 4 1 1 NE O. Diptera 14 Philorus 1 NE 15 Canace 2 NE 16 Bezzia 1 NE 17 Culicoides 1 1 NE 18 Cryptochironomus 10 6 NE 19 Microspectra 1 NE 20 Polypedilum 3 6 NE 21 Orthocladinae 1 5 38 13 74 NE 22 Orthocladinae 2 28 7 2 NE 27

23 Tanypodinae 1 1 1 NE 24 Simulium 28 7 36 36 14 NE 25 Anthocha 7 1 1 8 NE 26 Limnophila 2 8 3 NE 27 Pilaria 2 1 1 1 4 NE 28 Tipulidae 5 NE O. Ephemeroptera 29 Baetis 2 1 3 4 1 NE 30 Centroptilum 10 1 5 6 30 14 NE 31 Pseudocloeon 11 7 40 12 NE 32 Caenis 1 NE 33 Ecdyonurus 1 NE 34 Ephemerella 2 NE 35 Cincticostella 3 NE 36 Torleya 1 4 NE O. Hemiptera 37 Geris 2 NE 38 Hydrometra 1 NE 39 Ilyocoris 1 NE 40 Pelocoris 1 1 5 NE 41 Halobates 1 2 NE 42 Rhagovelia 11 2 3 NE O. Hymenoptera 43 Tetramorium 4 1 NE 44 Anaplolepis 3 1 NE O. Lepidoptera 45 Elophila 5 5 NE O. Odonata 46 Chlorogomphus 1 NE 47 Sympecna 1 NE 48 Crocothermes 1 NE 49 Leucorrhinia 1 NE 50 Libellula 1 NE 51 Orthetrum 1 NE 52 Ephoptalmia 1 NE 53 Macromia 1 NE O. Plecoptera 54 Chloroperla 1 55 Neoperla 1 2 2 11 6 NE 56 Nemoura 4 22 8 40 4 3 NE O. Trichoptera 57 Hydropsyche 8 6 13 8 1 31 NE 58 Ochrotrichia 1 2 2 NE 59 Neophylax 35 24 NE 60 Limnephilus 2 2 NE IV C. Hirudinea O. Pharyngobdellida 61 Erphobdella 1 NE V C. Oligochaeta 28

O.Haplotaxida 62 Branchiura 2 NE 63 Tubificidae 1 2 NE 64 Tubificidae 2 2 NE VI C. GASTROPODA O. Mesogastropoda 65 Helicorbis 1 NE 66 Physa 4 NE 67 Bellamya 1 NE 78 Melanoides 19 NE VII C. TURBELLARIA O. Tricladida 69 Phagocata 1 2 2 NE Total individu 95 132 123 206 192 164 Total Genus 22 27 23 19 27 21 Note : SEML 1 = Aia Hitam Stream, SEML 2 = Bangko Karuah Stream, SEML 3 = Muara Bangko Putiah Stream, SEML 4 = Bangko Putiah Stream, SEML 5 = Liki Stream, SEML 6 = Bangko Stream, NE= Not Evaluted, in IUCN, LC= Least Concern Table 5. Composition of Aquatic macroinvertebrates PT. Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML) N Jumlah No. No. No. Percent of o Kelas Orders Genera individuals individuals 1 Arachnida 1 2 2 0.22 2 Malacostraca 1 1 3 0.33 3 Insecta 9 57 869 95,81 4 Hirudinea 1 1 1 0.11 5 Oligochaeta 1 3 6 0.66 6 Gastropoda 1 4 21 2,32 7 Turbellaria 1 1 5 0.55 Total 15 69 907 100,00

Figures 10 and 11. show the number of genera and individual macroinvertebrates per stream in the SEML. The number of genera ranges from 19-27, the highest in SEML 2, SEML 5 and the lowest in SEML 4. The number of individuals range from 95-206 individuals is highest in SEML 4 and the lowest in SEML 1.

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Total genus; Total genus; SEML 2; 27 SEML 5; 27 Total genus; Total genus; SEML 3; 23 Total genus; SEML 1; 22 Total genus; SEML 6; 21 SEML 4; 19 Number Number Generaof

Location

Figure 10. Number of genera aquatic macroinvertebratea PT. Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML)

Jumlah Individu; Jumlah SEML 4; 206 Individu; Jumlah SEML 5; 192 Individu; SEML 2; 164 Jumlah Jumlah Individu; Individu; SEML 6; 132 Jumlah SEML 3; 123 Individu; SEML 1; 95 Number of Number individuals

Location

Figure 11. Number of individuals aquatic macroinvertebrate at PT. Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML)

More species were found in SEML 2 (Bangko Karuah) due to different habitat conditions with other sites, rocky substrate covered with mud and there were puddles so we found Gastropoda and Oligochaeta in this stream, but not found in other

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locations. The larger number of species in SERD5 (Liki) was caused by the presence of more Hemiptera in the riverbanks upstream of the dam in this stream.

The frequency of attendance can describe the distribution of organisms in their habitats. Frequency of attendance of macroinvertebrates based on order in SEML area can be seen in Figure 12. Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera have the highest attendance frequency (F = 100%) followed by Coleoptera and Odonata (F = 83.33), Hmenopteraa (F = 66.67%), Tricladida (F = 50.00 % ), Lepidoptera (33.33 %) and the lowest are Aranea, Pharyngobdellida, Haplotaxida dan Gastropoda (F = 16.67). This data showed that Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera are always found throughout the stream but Aranea, Pharyngobdellida, Haplotaxida dan Gastropoda were the least rare order. The presence of EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) in the streams may indicated that streams have a rocky substrate and rapid current and clean water quality. Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera were highly susceptible to changes in dissolved oxygen content, They are requiring dissolved oxygen 6-7 mg / l, while Trichoptera 5-6 mg / l. The measurement of dissolved oxygen in this survey is not done, but usually in upstream streams which are relatively undisturbed have high oxygen dissolved (Allan, 2001). The presence of Gastropods in Bangko Keruh indicated stream has been lightly polluted. The pollution comes from the agricultural land near from this stream.

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Series1; Diptera;Series1;Series1; Series1;Series1; Series1; Ephemeroptera;100 Hemiptera; 100 Series1;Plecoptera; Odonata;Trichoptera; 100 100 Coleoptera; 83,33 100 Series1; 83,33 Hymenoptera; 66,67 Series1; Tricladida; 50 Series1; Decapoda; Series1; (%) (%) 33,33 Lepidoptera; 33,33 Series1; Series1; Series1; Aranea; Pharyngobdellida;Series1;Mesogatropoda; 16,67 Haplotaxida;16,67 16,67 16,67 Frequency of attendance of Frequency attendance

Order

Figure 12. Frequency of attendance aquatic macroinvertebrata per order at Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML)

The predominant genera in each location varies can be shown in Table 6 and Figure 12. A genus is said to be a predominant if it has an individual number of ≥10% in its community (Kendeigh, 1980). Table 6. Predominant genera and frequency of attendance aquatic macroinvertebrates at PT. Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML) Frequency of No Genera Predominan site Attendance 1 Orthocladinae 1 66,67 SEML 2,3,4 2 Orthocladinae 2 50,00 SEML 2 3 Simulium 83,33 SEML 1,3,4 4 Centroptilum 100,00 SEML 1,5,6 5 Pseudocloeon 66,67 SEML 1,5 6 Nemoura 100,00 SEML 2,4 7 Hydropsyche 100,00 SEML 3,6 8 Neophylax 66,67 SEML 5,6 9 Melanoides 16,67 SEML 2

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In Aia Hitam stream (SEML 1) found predominant genus are Simulium (Diptera), Centrptilum and Pseudocloeon (Ephemeroptera). Centroptilum is always present throughout the location (F = 100%). In Bangko Karauh Stream (SEML 2) found predominant genera are Orthocladinae 1, Orthocladinae 2, Nemoura and Melanoides. Of these four genera only Nemoura (Plecoptera) always found in each location (F = 100%). In Muara Bangko Putiah (SEML 3) obtained the predominant genera of Orthocladinae 1, Simulium and Hydropsyche. The last genera is always found throughout the site. In Bangko Putiah Stream (SEML4) were dominated by Orthocladinae 1, Simulium and Nemoura. In Liki Stream (SEML 5) found 3 predominant genera were Centroptilum , Pseudocloeon dan Neophylax. In Bangko stream dominaned by Centroptilum, Hydropsyche and Neophylax. The presence of predominant genera in each stream depends on the habitat's suitability and its adaptability to the environmental conditions of the stream. Hence there are genera that can be found throughout the stream and there are also genera its presence is rarely or present only in certain stream. The Stream substrates in SEML are essentially dominated by rocks and moderate to very fast current velocities. The well-adapted genera in the stream in the SEML region were Centroptilum, Nemura and Hydropsyche found throughout the stream and and Simulium found in five stream. All these genera have good morphological adaptability to fast flowing water, because they have the means to maintain themselves on such stream conditions, such as: Centroptilum, Nemoura have a dorsoventral flat body and strong claws, Hydropsyche has netspining, and Simulium have a circlet of hooks on posterior proleg, wich this larvae attached to the substrate, allowing the animal to climb down with the silk thread and re-attached on substrate (Allan, 2001).

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Orthocladinae 1 Orthocladine 2 Melanoides

Centroptilum Psedocleon Hydropsyche

Simulium Nemoura Neophylax Figure 13. The predominant genra aquatic macroinvertebrates at PT. Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML)

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Figure 14 presented Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H’) of Macroinvertebrate in SEML range from 2.00-2.59, The diversity index of each stream is not much different, except that SEML 4 is lower than that of other streams. This is because the number of individuals found in this stream was less than that of other streams. Based on genera diversity index of macroinvertebrates that the streams in SEML are classified as moderate. According to the criteria Lee et al., (1978) that streams with macroinvertebrate diversity index larger than two indicate that the streams are generally classified as clean water. The presence of EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera) in the six observed streams also show indicator of clean water quality, especially Plecoptera usually live on rocky stream or low stream order which is cooler and sensitive to organic pollution and low oxygen (Giller and Malmqvist (2003).

H'; SEML 5; H'; SEML 1; H'; SEML 2; H'; SEML 3; 2,59 H'; SEML 6; 2,50 2,51 2,48 2,46 H'; SEML 4; 2,00 Diversity Index

Location

Figure 14. Diversity Index (H’) of Aquatic Macroinvertebrate at PT. Supreme Energy Muara Labuh (SEML)

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CONCLUSION A. FISH 1. There are five species of fish, include in three Family collected. 2. There are two species of Balitoridae, two species Cyprinidae, one species of Cichlidae 3. Referring to IUCN Red List, hree species recorded as NE (Not Evaluated) and one species as Indonesia Protected 4. Diversity index for fish in the SERD area classified as low diversity.

B. MACROINVERTEBRATES 1. The Aquatic macroinvertebrates were collected at SEML was 69 genera and 907 individuals classified into 7 classes and 15 orders. 2. Diversity index of aquatic macroinvertebrates at SEML range from 2.00-2.59 classified moderate and clean water quality 3. There are 5 predominant genera at SEML ie.Orthocladinae 1 Orthocladinae 2, Simulium (O. Diptera), Melanoides (O. Mesogastropoda), Centroptilum, Pseudocloeon (Ephemeroptera) , Nemoura (O. Plecoptera) dan Pseudophylax (O. Trichoptera). 4.There found one genus of crab Parathelphusa maculate (Decapoda; Gecarcinucidae) included in the IUCN Red List of Species Threatened as least concern (LC).

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