Courier TheNational Park Service Newsletter Vol. 4, No. 10 Washington, D. C. October 1981 Secretary Watt visits Yellowstone

S; Secretary Watt Secretary Watt (left) and Old Faithful District Ranger Steve Martin on mounted horse patrol.

By Marian Hubler and Joan Anzelmo Born in Wyoming, he said he has had a special fondness for Public Information Specialists, Yellowstone NP Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks for more than 40 years. He related a story to the press in which he had bicycled After attending the Western Governors' Conference in across Yellowstone in 1976, and reaching Old Faithful in the Teton Village, Wyo., Secretary James Watt visited Yellowstone evening, exhausted and rain-soaked, decided with his National Park. Arriving by helicopter on Sept. 12, he companions to look no farther for accommodations. They immediatelv joined a walking tour, accompanied by placed an "out of order" sign on the door of a comfort station Superintendent John Townsley, representatives of the park and spent the night there. No stranger to the Old Faithful area, concessioners and a large number of media personnel. Watt called his tour "a great learning experience," and dubbed A luncheon was held by the Firehole River, a short distance the superintendent "Professor Townsley" for his adroit from Old Faithful Geyser. Accompanied by Superintendent guidance. Townsley and media representatives, the Secretary was The 100-plus media people included news teams from Sixty surrounded by more than 300 visitors, including some Minutes, NBC, CBS, ABC, and a crew from German demonstrators. Dressed casually in blue jeans, a plaid shirt and Television. down vest, he looked the "outdoorsman," and moved Prior to the walking tour, Yellowstone's Public Information • comfortably through the crowd answering questions. The staff hosted the press at an early morning continental breakfast walking tour, which wound through the Old Faithful Cabin at the Old Faithful Inn. Complete with a bank of telephones area, ended as Secretary Watt and the group watched the and typewriters, the press rooms were set up to handle the eruption of Old Faithful. media personnel expected to cover Secretary Watt's visit. In his comments, the Secretary referred to Yellowstone as Following the breakfast, Yellowstone staffers including "the crown jewel of the crown jewels," and emphasized the Landscape Architect Dan Wenk, Acting Chief of Concessions importance of good stewardship in taking care of our national Curt Edlund, Project Supervisor Tim Hudson and Yellowstone parks. He re-affirmed his commitment to the National Park Information staff accompanied media personnel by bus on an Service mission to protect and to preserve our national parks advance tour of the Old Faithful area. The press was briefed on for generations of visitors to come. Continued next page. -2.

Secretary Watt (left) and Superintendent Townsley flanked by media personnel, park employees and visitors while taking walking tour of the Old Faithful area.

the Old Faithful Development Concept Plan and other Interior good park management, which is essential, he said, in allowing Department initatives and directions for the National Park employees like Bill to develop and make such worthy Service. The group visited the employee housing area across contributions to the Service. The award presentation concluded the roadway from the main Old Faithful complex, the NPS with Superintendent Townsley giving Secretary Watt a framed concessioners maintenance area, and the major waterworks picture of a mighty buffalo, standing in the winter snow of construction area, including a 1.6 million gallon water tank in Yellowstone. the final stages of construction. The purpose of the tour was to Secretary Watt made a few comments to the gathering. He show some facilities in the Old Faithful area that are in need of stressed that our first responsibility to the national parks, and rehabilitation as well as the renovation work that is now going especially to Yellowstone, the "flagship of the parks," is on. preservation of the resource. He then emphasized the other After the walking tour and just prior to the luncheon, part of our mission, which is to serve the many visitors who Secretary Watt accompanied Old Faithful District Ranger Steve come to enjoy the parks. An area for concentration now, Martin on a mounted horse patrol ride. according to the Secretary, is good stewardship of the After a short ride, the Secretary sat down with Park Service extraordinary resources already entrusted to our care. A large and concession guests to a luncheon prepared by TWA part of this responsibility entails rehabilitating our facilities to Services, Inc. After the lunch, several presentations were made bring our parks up to standard. by Secretary Watt. Trevor Povah, vice chairman of Hamilton In conclusion, the Secretary said the Park Service should Stores, was presented with a watercolor painting of the historic concentrate on developing an excellent working relationship Hamilton Store at Old Faithful. Al Donau, vice president of with the concessioners so that we can work as a team with operations for Hamilton Stores, received a framed photograph private enterprise in serving the millions of visitors who come of a bull elk. Bill Hape, assistant chief of Maintenance, was to the parks. presented with a carved NPS arrowhead in honor of 31 years For fiscal year 1982, Secretary Watt is advocating a of outstanding service. In presenting the award to Hape, substantial increase in funds to restore aging facilities and Secretary Watt symbolically gave the same award to the remedy health and safety deficiencies in the National Park hundreds of other equally dedicated NPS employees. He also System. This is good news for Yellowstone and for all national gave the award to Superintendent Townsley, commending parks.

2 Gala honors Park Service's 65th anniversary

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OH Former Director Conrad L. Wirth gave opening remarks at the Founders Day dinner. A cake teas presented to Betty Mather McPherson, Stephen Mather's daughter, celebrating iter birthday earlier that month. Seated are Secretary and Mrs. Watt, and Dr. and Mrs. Verne Chatelain.

By James F. Kieley the Park Service," adding that The Founders Day dinner, an annual Alumni Editor Dickenson, Deputy Director Ira J. event, was sponsored by the 1916 Hutchison, the entire NPS team, and Society of the NPS Employees and The Reagan Administration and the the Secretary "speak with one tongue." Alumni Association. Elbert Cox of National Park Service are committed to Secretary Watt explained that when Richmond, Va., former Southeast a 5-year program to restore the National invited to join the Cabinet he outlined regional director, acted as master of Park System to the standards to President Reagan a five-point ceremonies. Three former directors, envisioned in the Act of 1916 which program, the second point of which Conrad L. Wirth, George B. Hartzog, established the Service, Interior called for "restoration of the National Jr., and Ronald H. Walker, were Secretary James G. Watt told an Park System to its greatness." Echoing present. audience of employees and alumni the language of the Act of 1916, he said After the Secretary's address, 65th commemorating the 65th anniversary of the purpose of the 5-year restoration anniversary greetings were exchanged the Act on August 25. He spoke at a program is to conserve the natural, between the Washington group and Founders Day dinner attended by close scenic, and historic objects and those attending Founders Day events to 300 from Washington, D.C., and the properties of the parks in such a way as across the country. This was done by surrounding region in the Membership to leave them unimpaired for future means of a telephone hookup, which Building of the National Geographic generations. "This is statutory also included Horace M. Albright, Society at Gaithersburg, Md. language, he said of the Act, "but to co-founder of the Service and successor The Secretary was introduced by me it is poetry" expressed in one to Stephen T. Mather as its second Director Russell E. Dickenson who tongue by President Reagan, Director director, speaking from his home in Los described him as "really the chief Dickenson, and the Secretary. Angeles. Secretary Watt spoke with ranger" and declared that the Service The program to which the Albright, telling him that "you have "could not have a better friend." In Administration and the Park Service are always been an inspiration to me." response Watt said he considered a committed has three main segments, Others participating were Dick Hart, career in the Park Service "the finest Secretary Watt explained: interpretation, chairman of the Board, E&AA; Howard assignment you can have in life," and involvement of the park visitor, and Chapman, Western regional director; characterized NPS people as a happy stewardship. Now is the time, he jim Tobin, Pacific Northwest regional breed. emphasized, to consolidate resources. director; John M. Daivs, former He disclosed that, despite a policy to "My job is to be a steward of what we superintendent of Yosemite National replace Presidential appointees in the have, "he concluded, because while Park; Lorraine Mintzmeyer, Rocky Interior Building, he asked Director there is a time for building and for Mountain regional director; Bob Kerr, Dickenson to stay on. He said, "We of acquiring, there is also a time for Southwest regional director, and Jim the Reagan Administration find discharging the sacred trust of Dunning, Midwest regional director. complete compatibility in working with stewardship. Continued next page.

3 Gordon Fredine, chairman of the Program Committee of the 1916 Society, acted as moderator. Howard W. Baker of Omaha, former chairman of the Board of E&AA, anniversary, celebrants participated in outlined the history of the organization the anniversary nationwide telephone and its current activities, emphasizing audio-hookup with Horace Albright; the the value of the educational fund from "physical" joining of the former which loans are made without interest Heritage Conservation and Recreation to NPS employees to help with the Service (HCRS) with the NPS staff in educational expenses of their children. the same building, and the completion He also emphasized that contributions of the new regional office space. to the fund come largely from projects On hand for the festivities were Mrs. sponsored by women's groups. In Russell E. Dickenson, Mr. and Mrs. addition, he said that although E&AA John Davis and Ted Chittenden. has phased out local chapters, the 1916 The Pacific Northwest Region Society is a part of the organization and Employees Association provided a he urged the Board of Directors to buffet of donated foods and a 65th recognize the Society as "an arm of the anniversary cake. Association." The Pacific Northwest Region marked Employees conducted tours of the A special 65th anniversary publication the 65th anniversary of the Park Service new regional office for alumni and containing articles and illustrations on Aug. 25 with the opening of its new guests. the establishment and early years of the regional office headquarters. More than E&AA Regional Employee National Park Service was formally 300 employees and guests attended an Representative Don Jackson of Olympic released with the distribution of copies Open House in honor of the event. National Park, Wash., gave a brief to those attending the dinner. James F. In addition to the 65th NPS history of the Association. Kieley, E&AA alumni editor, explained that the booklet was produced through the generosity of the Eastern National Park and Monument Association, the Japan loans park ranger to NPS Southwest Parks and Monuments Association, and the National Park Foundation. He expressed appreciation to the National Geographic Society for their assistance and to Naomi L. Hunt, editor of the COURIER, for serving as editor and coordinator in producing the commemorative publication. He expressed special thanks and appreciation to former Director Wirth for his "imagination, ingenuity, perseverance, and powers of persuasion," which made the project possible and became an inspiration to those who worked on it. Copies of the booklet, which was printed at no expense to the Federal Government, have been supplied to the National Park Service for distribution to The lapanese delegation at the Xll General Meeting with Director Dickenson. Second from the right is all employees, and it will be sent to all the Director of Canadian national parks. members of E&AA. It is expected to be placed on sale in the parks by the U.S. and Japanese conservation and Focusing on issues of mutual interest various cooperating associations. recreation leaders gathered in and relevance to both countries, the XII Washington and Grand Canvon meeting's agenda had a unifying theme As a feature of the program, Director National Park a year ago last November of energy-efficient options for park and Dickenson presented honorary ranger for the XII General Meeting of the recreation managers. certificates to Mrs. Bertha Mather U.S.-Japan Panel on Conservation, A major decision reached at the McPherson, daughter of Stephen T. Recreation and Parks. The interagency meeting has made possible the 1-year Mather, and her son, Stephen Mather panel, including representatives of the detail of a Japanese national park McPherson. Park Service, Fish and Wildlife Service ranger to the U.S. to advise NPS on and Forest Service, is chaired on the programs and strategies in response to (Editor's note: The Founders Day dinner was U.S. side by Director Dickenson. increasing Japanese visitation to U.S. organized by a committee of 1916 Society Since its formation in 1965, the panel national parks. members, of which Jim Kieley played an important has served as an important vehicle for This exchange, which was initiated in part.) exchanges of information and ideas June, is especially symbolic in this, the among policy and technical level 50th anniversary of Japan's National representatives in both countries. Park System.

4 is not unusual to have resorts, Japan's national parks commercial enterprises and towns incorporated within the boundaries of the Japanese national parks. For example: One day I took a train to Toba, a town within Ise-Shima National Park. There I toured the world famous Mikimota Pearl Company. In this significant area where pearls of perfect proportions are cultivated, interpretation wasn't done by the Japanese National Park System, but by this private enterprise. That evening, I stayed in a "ryokan" (a traditional Japanese inn) in Ise, another town within the national park. In the Japanese national parks, the sheer volume of visitors is a problem of paramount importance. Access to many of Japan's parks has become too easy. • One can drive halfway up Mount Fuji, Japan's highest mountain. • During July and August, the time Fuji is officially opened for hiking, hundreds of thousands each year Peggy Dolinich and Masahiro Ohta, Japan's park ranger "on loan" to Grand Camion NP in Imperial snake up four trails, five abreast. Palace Gardens, Tokyo. • Exhaust fumes in the Japanese Alps have forced the authorities to close Bv Peggy Dolinich Land in the 27 national parks is some major park roads on summer Interpretive Specialist, WRO divided into three categories: normal park land, special areas and special weekends. The NPS Western Region receives a protection areas. Commercial enterprise Yet, there are remote parks in Japan large number of Japanese visitors to its and development is allowed on normal which still remain unspoiled. But parks. On my recent 3-week vacation in park land, but planning is exercised to conflicts do exist between preserving Japan, I was interested in experiencing try to prevent th'e incursion of urban the land, and increasing visitation for not onlv the Japanese culture, but also sprawl. Land use and development in the sake of local economies. Japanese national parks. special areas is strictly controlled. The The Japanese national parks are To gain a perspective of the Japanese special protection areas include sites of reflective of the culture and religions of National Park System, I met with Ryogo particular scientific or cultural value in this country. Over the centuries the Nakajima, director, Natural Park heavily visited parks, as well as isolated combination of Shinto beliefs in the Planning Division of the Nature tracts in remote parks where nature can spirits of mountains, rivers, stones and Conservation Bureau, soon after be left completely undisturbed. all things, and Buddhist reverence for arriving in Tokyo. The government's budget for the every form of life acted unconsciously to Yellowstone National Park, the first national parks is small. Money is paid foster the creation of natural parks. national park in the world, exerted a in direct subsidies to the prefectures, Many areas subsequently designated as considerable influence on Japan. In which are responsible for the day-to-day natural parks have long been held in 1929, the National Parks Association of running of all parks with the assistance special religious regard. For example, in Japan was established to create such of about 100 national park rangers, and Ise-Shima National Park, the sun national parks and in 1931, the National direct expenditure for the upkeep of goddess, from whom the Imperial Park Law was enacted. There are state-owned land. Family traditionally claimed descent, is presently 27 national parks in Japan, The Japanese park rangers do not enshrined together with her relatives totaling 7,600 sq. miles—5.4 percent of "operate" national parks, but serve in and attendant gods. One of the most its total land area. the capacity as coordinators. Their rank remarkable things about Ise is the fact These parks fulfill strict requirements: is comparable to superintendents in the that the wooden shrine buildings are outstanding scenic beauty and a U.S. System. The duties of the park razed and completely rebuilt every 20 distinctive physiography and geology rangers are to provide guidance for years in accordance with ancient peculiar to each locality as well as flora protecting and using a park area and customs. and fauna high in scientific value. Many prior guidance of items to be permitted At Nikko National Park, in addition parks include culturally significant in parks, surveys and national property to marveling over the historic temples features. management. and shrines, I enjoyed watching the In 1952, the National Parks Law was It was at first difficult for me to tour groups visiting this national park. rewritten so that 48 quasi-national parks understand the Japanese national park Most Japanese take vacations in groups. were also marked off as outdoor concept. Because Japan is a small Each person appeared to have a certain recreation areas close to big cities, and country with a teeming population and place in the group. The tour leaders nearly 300 prefectural natural parks a long history of private land paid attention to the people in the front were created. These three types of ownership, it has not been possible to of the group. These were the most parks—national, quasi-national and designate national parks on state-owned important people in the social structure prefectural natural—are generally called land alone. Hence, the zoning system, of the group. "natural parks" in Japan. as in citv planning has been adopted. It Continued next page.

5 As I carefully took photographs in the national parks I visited, 1 noticed people taking pictures everywhere—in parking lots and in front of stores. The focus was the group, not the background. At Mount Fuji National Park, as the road ends halfway up the mountain, large parking lots filled with cars and tour buses loomed ahead. Then started the souvenir shops. I curiously watched people's patterns. It seems that no one leaves without a souvenir, a box of candies or pickles. Being interested in visitor center designs, I insisted on finding the visitor center in Hakone National Park. Being very polite but not understanding why 1 wanted to stop at a visitor center, my hosts kindly made an effort to find this place. No ranger met me at the visitor center desk. In fact, there was no desk. The visitor center, a good sized room filled with displays, was unmanned. Theft and vandalism is not a problem in Japan. The Japanese people have a respect for their natural parks. There is a romantic regard for solitary mountains, lonely forests and deserted plains. Though these are admittedly hard to find in overcrowded Japan, the mystique and the attraction of nature unspoiled lingers. It is no wonder our national parks are so popular to the Japanese visitor.

Japanese tourists at Mount Fuji National Park buying souvenirs.

Thailand officials visit Carlsbad

Several Thailand government officials visited Carlsbad Caverns National Park, N. Mex., recently. Pictured in front of the park visitor center are members and aides of the Thai House of Representatives and Thai Senate, and their wives. Accompanying the group on their tour was Supervisory Park Technician Carol Metzger (right front).

6 Commerce. He then became president and major stockholder of Shasta Fleharty of Denali Corporation. In 1963 the corporation bought Shipstad & Johnson's Ice Follies, By Joan Gidlund says Fleharty of his record tenure at the which it owned until 1968. It also Public Affairs Officer, Alaska park. Another reason he cites for his owned the San Francisco Seals hockey stay is the good relationship he's had team, which became the first National "I must be part gypsy," comments with the National Park Service. Hockey League franchise in California. George Fleharty as he recalls the variety Fleharty, a native Californian, began Fleharty served as chairman of the of enterprises and places involved in his his career in the newspaper business California Park Commission. This led to career. But Alaska has held his interest following in his father's and his association with the Curry Co., in for 11 years now in his role as president grandfather's footsteps. Soon he became Yosemite and later with the of Outdoor World, Ltd., the involved in Chamber of Commerce concessioner at Lassen and Mount concessioner at Denali National Park activities serving as manager of the McKinley. In 1971 he purchased the (formerly Mount McKinley National Oakdale Chamber of Commerce and Mount McKinley concession. Park). "Alaska has special fascinations," later of the Redding Chamber of The same year, the paved highway between Anchorage and Fairbanks was completed and total visitation in 1971 of 58,000 jumped to 300,000 in 1972. This led to proposals for closing the park's single road to private vehicles and substituting a bus system. The Park Service supported this idea that has become a model for visitor access and resource protection. On Sept. 3, 1972, fire destroyed all but one wing of the McKinley Park Station Hotel which was built in 1938 under the Works Progress Administration. Fleharty met this challenge with remarkable inventiveness. Starting Sept. 4, he began preparing for next season. Over 25,000 people would need overnight accommodations. Fifty rooms were built in Washington State and transported to the park. He found "instant" kitchen facilities at a military installation in Tonopah, Nev., which were surplused as a result of Salt I. Additional sleeping accommodations were provided by using Alaska Railroad cars. On opening day in May, Fleharty was ready to welcome visitors to comfortable accommodations in this remote Denali NP & P station hotel lobby. wilderness park. Photos by S. W. Buskirk. Denali NP & P station hotel entrance. The McKinley Park Station Hotel holds 450 to 475 overnight guests and has a dining room, cocktail lounge, snack bar and gift shop. Mrs. Fleharty operates the gift shop offering a fine selection of authentic Alaskan art at unusually reasonable prices. Many Alaskans make up her repeat clientele. George Fleharty also operates a grocery store, gas station, youth hostel, wildlife bus tour and the free shuttle bus system. Five full-time employees, including Fleharty, masterminded this complex operation. But during the season, 240 concession employees serve park visitors. Fleharty is proud of the fact that 60 percent of his employees return and stay an average of 2Vi years. He requires employees to be over 20 and the average age is 28. All but one of the Continued next page.

7 six Fleharty children have worked at the hotel at some time. In addition, his son, Grand Canyon dedicated as World Heritage Site Kevin, worked at Katmai National Monument for five seasons and his daughter, Kathleen, worked at Grand Teton National Park for three seasons.

In 1978 he sold his company to ARA Services, Inc. and since then has remained executive manager. Fleharty is pleased with this arrangement. He considers the movement of large companies into the concession business as a change for the better. He approves of their professional approach yet keeping the human element in sharp focus. The relationship between Fleharty and the National Park Service is one of the mutual respect and cooperation. He is quick with words of praise for the NPS. And, when you ask Park Service personnel who have dealt with Fleharty over the vears, the reaction is always about the same: "George? Oh, he's a great guy and a fine concessioner!" Then follows a number of personal experiences to prove the point. This year, a new 20-year contract for the Denali. concession was awarded to ARA Services, Inc. It is legal testimony to the extent of cooperation that is possible between a concessioner and the Park Service. ARA will construct $2.1 million of primarily non-revenue-producing facilities and improvements. These will include a new bus barn, an audiovisual room, Described as "one of the rarest gems designated a World Heritage Site. All improved employee housing, correction in the mighty treasury in our globe," by seven sites are within the National Park of life safety deficiencies, a camper Director Russell E. Dickenson and as System. Altogether 85 sites in the 28 services facility and general upgrading "one of the truly great natural wonders nations have been considered of such of other structures and facilities. of the world . . . which vividly distinction as to deserve this Further, the company agreed to limit illustrates the geological history of the designation. possessory interest in the improvements earth over the past 2 billion years," by "When Congress established this a to book value. Assistant Secretary of the Interior for national park on Feb. 26, 1919, it When the hotel and other facilities Fish and Wildlife and Parks G. Ray preserved the world's most complete close for the season, Fleharty and his Arnett, Grand Canyon National Park record of geologic history, and over wife return to their winter home in San was dedicated a World Heritage Site at 2,000 archeological sites dating 4,000 Mateo, Calif. Then, possibly to satisfy an August 23 ceremony. years back in time. It is a fitting honor the gypsy in his soul, they go on an Also participating in the dedication that the Grand Canyon should join the extended vacation. In past years they were Western Regional Director Howard priceless trust of universal treasures have visited China and Russia. Then it's Chapman and Professor Abdul-Razzak protected by the World Heritage time to prepare for next summer and Kadoura, assistant director-general for Program," said Marks. the unknown challenges it will bring. Science of the United Nations Professor Kadoura capsulized the George Fleharty is a gentle man with Educational, Scientific and Cultural philosophy of the World Heritage the twinkle of Irish humor in his Organization (UNESCO). Program in a quote from the American eyes. . . a man who strives to make "Just as the creation of Yellowstone as writer James Baldwin: "For you must changes for the better and serve his the world's first national park set a say 'yes' to life wherever it is found, fellow man... a man who you'd like to precedent, which over 130 other and it is found in some terrible have as your partner. countries have now followed," Arnett places ... for the sea does not cease to said, "so too the World Heritage grind down rock; generations do not Convention is encouraging a new, cease to be born and we are responsible world concern among the family of to them for we are the only witnesses nations to safeguard irreplaceable they have . . . the moment we cease to elements of our common heritage." hold each other, the moment we lose Grand Canyon Superintendent Dick face with each other, the sea engulfs Marks said the park is one of seven us and the light goes out." areas in the U.S. which have been

8 Duneland folk festival

"Courtesy Bus" equipped for disabled visitors A "barn raising" using a barn model. Blues Musician jim Brewer. The crowd at the folk festival's main stage

Photos by Marie March. Photos fry Garneti R. Davis.

constant guide. Volunteers from service By Carol Davis unusually pink from being rubbed and petted. agencies assisted numerous disabled Interpretive Specialist visitors who would otherwise not have The atmosphere of the festival helped Indiana Dunes NL been able to enjoy the festival. All of to eliminate the differences between the the musical performances were young and old, large and small, The relationship between people and interpreted in sign language for the able-bodied and disabled. A shuttle bus animals dissolves barriers. This was benefit of the hearing-impaired. never more evident than at the Fifth equipped with a hydraulic lift made traveling around the festival grounds Volunteers from nearby communities Annual Duneland Folk Festival July donned pioneer and farm clothes and 18-19. easier for those visitors in wheelchairs. A second shuttle brought in visitors chipped in to do chores, run errands, Held at the Indiana Dunes National who arrived via the South Shore and prepare food. "Farmers" from 6 to Lakeshore, the festival combined the Railroad and those who parked in lots 60 helped carry water, groom horses, site of the region's first fur-trading adjacent to the grounds. A ferry performers, and keep the settlement with an 80-acre horse-mounted park ranger gave out proceedings going smoothly. turn-of-the-century working farm. information to visitors and provided By the end of the day on Sunday, Visitors cast aside many of the problems another four-legged creature to be almost 400 people had ridden the and worries of "civilized" life as they admired by the hundreds of "kids of all special shuttle bus, and over 19,000 sampled buffalo burgers and roast corn, ages." attended the festival. As the last enjoyed the pioneer crafts and historic campfire died out and the weekend Blues musician Jim Brewer, who is surroundings, or perhaps shared a quiet concluded with songs of the voyageurs blind, was exuberant in the moment with one of the farm's animal and smells of fresh hay, it was apparent performances on the main stage . . . residents. Neither the chickens, goats, that good food, friends and laughter and he "saw" all of the festival through nor horses seemed to mind the constant bring out the similarities in people, not the eyes of a park ranger who was his attention, although a few noses seemed the differences.

9 Interpreters swing into saddle at Big Bend

that would prove popular with visitor and interpreter alike. The program was a simple one—take people trained in interpretation out of static contact stations and put them on horses where they can easily interact with visitors. While the concept is simple, implementing the program was a little more complex. What do you do with a group of people trained in interpretation but not in horsemanship.

First, you develop a set of standards that emphasize a professional approach to interpretive presentations and riding skills. Under these standards, you make the program strictly voluntary. You don't want to put a person on a horse who doesn't look or feel comfortable. Finally, you offer a course designed to vi take inexperienced people through a series of steps that would lead them to a point where they would feel comfortable working and caring for f "their" horse. The course at Big Bend included both classroom and "hands-on" field work, covering topics Q such as: anatomy, grooming, health care, safety, transporting, riding Instructor Bruce Atkins and "Bo" arc ready to go Looking on are (left to rigtit) Bob Huggins, Rick techniques, "working" a crowd, LoBello and Patty Fujiwara. attitude, and interpretive techniques. By Robert A. Huggins horseback has faded to commonplace While the course was designed as a Chief, Interpretation and and the sight of another car on the road skills development program, attitude Visitor Services shocks the driver back into the reality of was closely monitored by both the chief Big Bend National Park, Tex. time. To many visitors, Big Bend ;'s the park naturalist and instructor, Bruce West. A place frozen in time and Atkins. The interpreters knew from the It is a land of contrasts: breathtaking tradition—the frontier as it used to be. beginning that they must meet either desert vistas, spectacular pine-covered If the sight of a horse and rider is safety, uniform and attitude standards. mountains, and jungle-like river banks. commonplace, it is for a reason. There Perhaps the greatest benefit from the It has been called the last frontier; a are few roads and fewer gas stations. program came in a form that could not land so vast that travel is routinely Those roads graded into the mountains be measured. It was a feeling—an measured in hours or days rather than or desert soon grow over or wash out if attitude that grows within when a miles, and driving 2V2 hours to the not constantly maintained. It becomes a person, pressed to meet high standards, nearest grocery store is common. An question of economics. Sometimes it is still reaches a goal. It was the feeling old-timer once said: "This place is so big simply cheaper and easier to ride a that you were a member of a select that if it is Saturday at one end, it's horse between two points than trying to group—a cadre who worked together already Tuesday at the other." put in a road. "Besides," as one cowboy toward a common end. And your It is a land that has been steeped in put it, "your horse ain't gonna boil over reward? The wide-eyed look of a child western tradition, a place where or run outa gas in the middle of who has never seen a horse close up, western boots are bought for work not nowhere." the family from New York taking your fashion and a cowboy would give up The park rangers at Big Bend have picture, answering the proverbial everything before he would give up his long known the value of horses. Since question: "How did you ever get a job pick-up truck and he would "sure as the national park was created in 1944, like this?" And at the end of a day, an hell give up his pick-up truck before horses have been used for patrolling the affectionate nudge from your horse that he'd give up his horse." United States/Mexican border, rounding says: "We had a good day together." It is called the Big Bend country of up trespassing livestock, surveying the west Texas and the setting for Big Bend boundary, and searching for lost hikers. National Park. Big Bend isn't close to Only recently have the horses been anything. By the time a visitor has engaged in a new primary driven for hours or days across the vast task—interpretation. In July of this year, west Texas range, the novelty of seeing Superintendent Gil Lusk approved a a "real cowboy" rounding up cattle on proposal that set into motion a program

10 Curecanti — driven to alcohol

By Kristen Berthel the park's vehicles. The fleet operating environment and has the capacity to Recreation Intern on the 25 percent blend has increased to extend a vehicle's engine life. Because Curecanti NRA, Colo. over 100 vehicles, as well as four boats alcohol burns cleaner than gasoline, and over a dozen pieces of equipment. vehicle emissions of carbon monoxide, Curecanti National Recreation Area, During the past year and a half, 467,097 hydrocarbons, and nitrous oxides are Colo., launched into the 1980s with an miles have been driven on these substantially reduced. Gasohol's cleaner experiment to use an alternate energy vehicles. Curecanti has not had to burning also improves engine life by source. The area initiated a program modify the vehicles, boats or equipment reducing friction, heat, and by cutting using gasohol in government vehicles, in any way, and performance has not harmful deposits. The alcohol also raises which has expanded to include a dozen been significantly affected. the octane three or four points, which vehicles operating on 100 percent Presently, Curecanti has 12 vehicles can lead to better gas mileage and ethanol (alcohol). The program has running on 100 percent ethanol. Several engine performance. proved so successful the past 18 months changes had to be made for the Because of the success of Curecanti's that three other Federal Government conversion to 100 percent ethanol program, an inter-agency program has agencies have joined the project. operation. The cost of these conversions been initiated. Area units of the U.S. Gasohol has a history of use that averaged $153.75 per vehicle. The Forest Service, the Bureau of Land dates back many years. Ethanol had General Services Administration and Management and the Soil Conservation long been used as a fuel for internal National Park Service absorbed these Service have joined the gasohol combustion engines, and during the small conversion costs within existing program. This action more than doubles 1920s and '30s, many gas stations sold a funding. the number of vehicles, drivers, and mixture of 50 percent gasoline and 50 A major reason for switching to the equipment involved. With the success percent ethanol. gasohol program was to identify ways of the Federal inter-agency program, The Curecanti program started when by which widespread Government use gasohol's use will likely spread to other Superintendent Glen Alexander could reduce dependence on imported agencies. Ideally its increased use will returned from a trip to the Midwest oil. With its gasohol fleet, Curecanti make a dent in our Nation's energy where thousands of gas stations sell the replaced 3,500 gallons of gasoline with problems by providing an inexpensive standard 10 percent gasohol. On Jan. ethanol in 1980 using the 25 percent renewable fuel that will extend present 25, 1980, Curecanti began using a high blend. The result of this was a savings petroleum supplies, while improving air percentage gasohol blend of 25 percent of almost 200 barrels of oil. quality. ethanol and 75 percent gasoline in 11 of Gasohol also has less impact on the

11 Carving at Mount Rushmore

At the foot of the gigantic Mount Rushmore sculpture, three South Dakotans are busy carving in stone on a much smaller scale. Mike Winger, Candace Forrette and Marilyn Wounded Head don't seem too intimidated by the giant sculpture that towers above them. They're content to carve works of art from modest slabs of stone while working in Mount Rushmore National Memorial's Sculptor-In-Residence Program. "Mount Rushmore is a unique artwork, and the role of the artist is very important," says Greg Jensen, park ranger and supervisor of the program. "It's what we're explaining here." The program enables visitors to see sculpture in the making, as well as giving them a better understanding of how the mountain was carved by sculptor Gutzon Borglum. resident artist. "I'm kind of curious chisel to carve on a large slab of granite The artists are free to work at their how many people go home and start that was blown off the mountain during own pace on pieces that interest them. pounding on a rock after being here." the carving. "They can go home and tell "The main job, though," says Winger, The program invites visitors to their friends they carved on Mount "is the interpretation. We're trying to participate. Kids can use a mallet and Rushmore," says Forrette. relate what we're doing and what Borglum did." To do that, the sculptors show visitors tools that were used during the actual carving of the mountain. Mallets Flood exhibit dedicated replace the dynamite Borglum used, and chisels do the work that jackhammers once did on the mountain, but many of the basic techniques, tools, and principles are similar to those used by Borglum and his men. The sculptors were at the memorial every day of the week through Sept. 7. They demonstrate their craft in the studio that Borglum used during the late 1930s as Mount Rushmore neared completion. Some of the mountain sculptor's tools and scale models of the four presidents are on display in the studio.

The resident sculptors usually use stones that are native to the Black Hills area, such as granite, sandstone, and marble. Like Borglum, the artistylet the rock play a large role in the composition of the sculpture. The granite mountain often dictated where and how Borglum carved the faces of Washington, Jefferson, Roosevelt and Lincoln. "It sounds silly," remarks sculptor Wounded Head, "but there has to be communication between yourself and Maintenance Worker Sal Marano of Johnstown Flood National Memorial installs a plaque donated by the stone in order to create." The artists NPS to the city of Johnstmvn, Pa., depicting the path of destruction during the Johnstown Flood of 1889. often look for stones that suggest a The plaque is one of a Great Flood Exhibit series to be erected by the NPS and Eastern National Park and certain shape. Monument Association at the site. It ivas dedicated May 24 by Don H. Castleberry, deputy director of the Mid-Atlantic Region, on the 92nd anniversary of the flood. "I think people really appreciate it (the program)," says Forrette, the third Photo by Johnstown Tribune-Democrat.

12 stay straight on its hook. No matter as though she were talking to someone. Happy Park Service how many times Park Service staff The head of the woman had no face! Halloween straighten that picture, in a minute, it She vanished into thin air when the hangs crookedly again. And staffers are guest, who had planned to spend the By Priscilla R. Baker convinced that there is something night in the room, let out an Special Assistant to the Director supernatural about the knocking at the exclamation of surprise. (with assistance and material from Phil door of the house that occurs from time Another guest in that house, staying Walsh, Boston NHP) to time. There never is anyone there in the same room, found that his when the door is opened after knocking suitcase had been repacked at a time Have you ever heard that clearly is not attributable to wind or when no one had been in or near the human-sounding noises where there to rattling heat pipes or to any other house. were no people? Have you been the logical cause. And who is the white, filmy, beneficiary of extrasensory perception? A former park technician at creature, about 5 feet tall with no Have you seen someone who could not Saint-Gaudens National Historic Site, discernible features who has appeared possibly have been in a place, but was? N.H., tells a story about the time a in the doorway of the crematorium at Many people have claimed to have visitor to the site emerged from her tour Ellis Island (Statue of Liberty National had such experiences—Park Service of the late sculptor's home, visibly Memorial)? people working in historic areas shaken. She insisted that there was an Will the ghost of the daughter of a included. air of tragedy in the house and that the former manager of the fur trading post Explain, if you will, why Park Service tragedy had something to do with a at Fort Laramie National Historic Site, staff at Arlington House, Va., little boy. The site's staff knew of no Wyo., reappear in 1983, as expected? sometimes see what appears to be a cat such event and dismissed the woman's She is said to be a beautiful young resembling one owned by the family of comment readily until, some weeks later woman dressed in a long, dark green Robert E. Lee in the house. When they while reading the footnotes of riding habit, wearing a feathered hat reach for the cat, it disappears into thin Saint-Gauden's biography, it was and carrying a quirt with jeweled air. discovered by a park technician that the handle. She rides a large black horse Explain, too, please, how it can be sculptor's 5-year-old nephew had gotten over the area once every 7 years. that a puff of air can blow out a candle into Mrs. Saint-Gaudens' medicine "Rubbish", you may say. in Arlington House when all of the cabinet and died of the effects of the But the Park Service people who have doors and windows are closed in the drugs he consumed. experienced these strange phenomena room where an interpreter has just lit A Park Service historian who once will not agree with you. the candle. worked at Richmond National Happy Halloween! Who is the woman roaming Fort Battlefield Park, Va., remembers vividly Warren in Boston Harbor from time to the time that a guest at the park's Watt (NOTE: The author asks that readers with time? She has been seen at that site—a House walked into a bedroom to find a additional park ghost stories share them with former prisoner of war camp for woman in 19th-century dress, holding a her. Please write to Priscilla Baker, do Confederates—several times. Is she, candle, leaning over one side of the bed Office of the Director, WASO) perhaps, the ghost of the woman who, more than 115 years ago, tried unsuccessfully to disguise herself to gain admittance to the Fort to visit her imprisoned husband? Why was it, in the summer of 1974, that photos of an elderly man who wandered around Harpers Ferry National Historical Park, W. Va., and who bore a strong resemblance to the late John Brown did not appear when the film was developed? An amiable fellow, he used to pose in group photos with visitors on request. But when the films were processed, his image was missing. There is a man in Emporia, Kan., who probably still is trembling from the experience he had when he peered into a window at the then newly refurbished dining room of the Officers' Quarters at Fort Scott Historic Area. He observed an attractive woman in 19th- century attire turn, smile at him, walk to and through the fireplace in the room and disappear. At John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, Oreg., a picture of the late Charles Cant, son of James Cant who built the three-story white ranch house that serves as a visitor center, will not

(Editor's note: This article just happened to fall 13 on1 this page.) Park Briefs

VIRGIN ISLANDS NP—A $20,000 GLACIER NP, MONT.—Fisherman BUFFALO NR, ARK—Two renovation and rehabilitation program Tony Malone got the bite of his life endangered species of bats—the gray recently got underway to update and while walking through timber toward bat and the Indiana bat—will receive modernize the visitor centers at Cruz Kintla Creek in the North Fork area of additional protection from man's Bay on St. John and Red Hook on St. Glacier. He was surprised by a grizzly intrusion by the building of fences Thomas. Included in the work will be a bear he estimated to be close to 6 feet around five of their cave openings. The 24-foot mural depicting the five stages tall. Malone said the bear came out of caves will only be closed while the bats of the history of the islands from the brush right toward him, and bit him are actively using the caves—during pre-Columbian to present day. Other on the left arm. He said he then lay hibernation and mating periods. These projects include a natural history mural down and played dead. The bear bats are not only endangered species, and an island panorama. New visitor sniffed at his gear and caught his snout but they perform the useful function of information desks and publication on a fish hook. The bear then bolted for keeping the insect population in display cabinets will also be installed. the woods. Malone was treated for balance. One bat may dine on 3,000 Everything is to be in place for the puncture wounds and sent to a nearby insects in one night. beginning of the 1981-82 visitor season. hospital.

CHICKAMAUGA-CHATTANOOGA MOUNT RAINER NP, WASH.—Five GOLDEN SPIKE NHS, UTAH—More NMP, TENN—Poachers and vandals blind climbers, a man with an artificial than 5,000 visitors marked a 1-day are causing big headaches for park staff leg, an epileptic and two deaf celebration commemorating the life and and Superintendent Ann Belkov. adventurers completed an incredible times of the Iron Horse August 8 at the Repeated incidents, believed to be the trudge Independence Day to the site's annual Railroader's Festival. responsibility of local teenagers, have snow-capped summit of this 14,410-foot Featured attractions included occurred at the Bragg and Sherman mountain. Led by famed mountain reenactments of the driving of the reservations on Missionary Ridge. climber Jim Whittaker, the nine climbers golden spike, three musical groups, Spray-painting of the monuments have were heard over a two-way radio special railroad exhibits and movies. A led to some $9,000 in cleanup costs. cheering and applauding as they new feature this year was the world Someone even stole a huge American unfurled flags and hugged each other in Professional Spike Driving flag at the 4th of July festivities. triumph over what they called the Championship, which pitted railroaders Poachers have been illegally killing deer mistaken notion that the horizons of the from six companies against the clock to and raccoons living in the woods in the handicapped are limited. One of the determine which one could drive six park. Also automobile accidents are climbers, Chuck O'Brien, a Vietnam spikes the fastest. The Union Pacific increasing within the military park. amputee, received word at the summit Railroad, one of the two companies that that his wife had given birth to twins. met at Promontory in 1869, spiked to victory over the other contenders.

WIND CAVE NP, S. DAK.—After a NAVAJO NM, ARIZ.—Indians HALEAKALA NP—Several small 2-month plus "occupation" of this park, around here have been using solar fences have been built to prevent feral some 100 Indians of the Ogala Sioux energy since the 13th century. But now goats and pigs from destroying native tribe moved to their winter camping plans are heating up to install a Hawaiian plants. Five enclosures, each grounds Aug. 30 on nearby U.S. Forest 1,300-square-foot solar panel array on an acre or less, have been constructed Service land. The Indians had been the roof of the monument visitor center. in the Crater District. Plants to be camping in the park to draw attention The building now uses an oil-burning protected included the Haleakala to their claim for millions of acres of furnace and fuel must be trucked in silversword, the Haleakala western South Dakota, they say was from 60 miles away. Superintendent greensword—which grows in the taken from them illegally more than 100 Steve Miller expects a 72 percent fuel increasingly rare Hawaiian bogs, trees years ago. Superintendent Les savings once the hot air solar heating such as the alaa, aiea, olopua, alani and McClanahan said there were minimal system is installed. The project will be halepepe, and a grove of sandlewood. sanitation and law enforcement funded by the Department of Energy's The whole experiment will be studied problems during the Indians' stay. Solar in Federal Buildings Program. by the University of Hawaii and Dr. However, extra ranger patrols were Lloyd Loope, a research scientist at the added as a precaution. park.

14 New divisions and chiefs for Recreation Resources periodicals on current park and recreation management: Trends, Grist, and Design, available from the National Recreation and Park Association by paid subscription.

Samuel "Sam" Hall joined the Interior Department in 1965 as a legal clerk with the Bureau of Land Management, working on adjudications of title conflicts. After completing the management intern program in 1966, he (Left to right) William T. Spitzer, lean C. Henderer, Samuel Hull and John A. Hauptman. went to work for the former BOR on budget, federal land acquisition, and determinations of recreation needs. In By Stephen P. Siegel governments and private interests, 1975 he directed the National Urban Office of Public Affairs, WASO assisting transfers of federal surplus Recreation Study, and in 1977 became lands to State and local governments for division chief of Urban Programs in the Four divisions are now in place under park and recreation uses, promoting the former HCRS. Hall has a B.S. degree the associate director for Recreation use of military base lands for public from the University of Houston, and Resources in WASO. Heading them up recreation, and maintaining the has done advanced work at the are William T. Spitzer, chief of the Information Exchange which includes University of Texas in law and George Recreation Resources Development publications and data bases with current Washington University in resource Division; Jean C. Henderer, chief of information dealing with recreation economics. Cooperative Activities Division; Samuel problems and opportunities. Hall, chief of the State, Local, and Hall oversees the State, Local and Urban Programs Division; and John A. Jean Henderer started working for the Urban Programs Division, responsible Hauptman, chief of the Rivers and Interior Department in 1966 for the for administering the State Land and Trails Division. They report to Acting former BOR as a researcher for the Water Conservation Fund (which Associate Director Robert A. Ritscho. Nationwide Outdoor Recreation Plan. provides matching grants to State and local governments to plan, acquire, and Many of the responsibilities carried She joined the National Park Service in 1967 in the Information Division, and develop recreation areas and facilities); out by the staff of these divisions have administering the Urban Park and come to the Park Service from the went on to become chief of the Travel Division coordinating domestic tourism Recreation Recovery Program (which former Heritage Conservation and provides matching grants to urban Recreation Service, which was merged programs; public affairs director for the National Parks Centennial and for the governments to rehabilitate existing into NPS in June. Biographical recreation facilities, to demonstrate information on the division chiefs and a Second World Conference on National Parks; bicentennial coordinator for the innovative ways of increasing summary of each division's neighborhood recreation opportunities, responsibilities follow. Park Service in 1976, and then chief of the Office of Cooperative Activities in and to develop local recreation plans); William "Bill" Spitzer joined the and administering a program for Interior Department in 1965, with the 1977, overseeing International Park Affairs, Professional Publications, and converting abandoned railroad former Bureau of Outdoor Recreation rights-of-way for recreation trails. (BOR), as a grants management State Assistance Programs. Henderer specialist. He became assistant to the has a B.S. in sociology from the deputy director from 1969-1972, and University of Pittsburgh and has done John "Jack" Hauptman joined the since 1973 has served as division chief graduate work at the University of Interior Department in 1966 in the of Systems Management, Arizona in English. former BOR's northeast regional offic. as division chief of State Planning and Implementation Assistance, and then Henderer oversees the Cooperative Technical Assistance. He became Park and Recreation Technical Services Activities Division, which is assistant regional director for Resource in the former HCRS. Spitzer has a B.S. responsible for assisting in the editing, Planning Services, and had direct in economics from the University of design, and publishing of Park Service leadership in numerous projects, Miami and has done graduate work at publications; exchanging information including the Gateway and Connecticut George Washington University in public with and providing information to other River National Recreation Area Studies; administration. Nations on natural, cultural, and the Boston, New York, and Philadelphia recreation resource conservation and Spitzer oversees the Recreation Urban Recreation Studies; the New management; planning and managing Resources Development Division, Jersey Pine Barrens Study, and the Lake orientation and training programs for which is responsible for analyzing federal Tahoe Study. He moved to the former foreign park and conservation officials; recreation policy, preparing the periodic HCRS in Washington, D.C., as division helping with foreign visitation in areas Nationwide Outdoor Recreation Plan chief of Natural Resource Systems in of the National Park System; managing and recreation participation surveys, 1979, leading the Coastal Barrier Islands Park Service responsibilities under coordinating federal interagency Study and National Inventory of Wild international agreements such as the recreation measurement and fees, and Scenic Rivers. Hauptman has a B.S. World Heritage Convention; monitoring assisting State Comprehensive Outdoor in landscape architecture from Syracuse Park Service advisory boards and Recreation Plans, providing workshops University. and information on recreation commissions; and producing PARKS, an management to State and local international publication; and three Continued next page.

15 Hauptman oversees the Rivers and Scenic Rivers System and National Interior. The studies are often Trails Division which is responsible for Trails Svstem, and studies of special conducted in cooperation with other conducting studies of potential natural resources when requested to do Government agencies and private and components of the National Wild and so by Congress or the Secretary of the volunteer groups.

Donald Gillespie, superintendent at Gillespie came to Pictured Rocks in Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, 1978 from Fort Vancouver National Mich., for 3 years, has assumed new Historic Site, Wash., where he served as duties as assistant to the Rocky superintendent for 6 years. Prior to this Mountain regional director for Utah. position, he served as site manager at In this position he will be the Ford's Theatre National Historic Site, administrative and intergovernmental D.C. In 1969 Gillespie received a Special liaison between the 13 Park Service Achievement Award for his work at areas in the State and a variety of Utah Jewel Cave National Monument, S. State offices concerned with Dak., where he served from 1966-1969. I transportation, mineral and industrial He began his NPS career as a park development, air quality, and visitor ranger at Wind Cave National Park, o services. S. Dak., in 1964. s

The first manager of the Boston programs of preservation, interpretation African-American National Historic Site, and maintenance to the sites, which are Mass., Dorothea L. Powell, is a 7-year under the Boston National Historical veteran of the Park Service. Powell Park umbrella. comes to the post from the North Atlantic personnel office where Before joining NPS in 1974, Powell, a she was involved in community cum laude sociology graduate of projects, particularly in seasonal Northeastern University, worked as a recruitment for employment. personnel trainee at Hanscom Field and The Boston African-American site as a State social worker. She is a native includes 16 units around Beacon Hill of Boston and lives with her husband in which are historically significant in the Westboro, Mass. She has two children development of the United States and and three grandchildren. 0 U.S. black culture. In her new role, Says Powell, "I'm looking forward to * Powell says that she will "work to this challenging and exciting o establish the new national park area and people-oriented job." An avid walker, Q. develop strong working relationships she plans to spend a lot of time walking with the owners and representatives of 10 the Afro-American "Freedom Trail," the sites" including the Museum of 0 meeting visitors and neighbors. When African-American History. Her job will not out on the trail, she will be in her £ o also be to coordinate cooperative office at 15 State Street. o a

Ellen Calomiris, a graduate of the laude) in history from the California prestigious Hagley Fellowship Program State University at Long Beach in 1976. at the University of Delaware, has been The following year she was awarded a chosen for the first Museum Internship Fulbright-Hays Grant, and studied 19th sponsored by the Friends of and 20th century German history at the Independence National Historical Park. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms She joined the park's Division of Universitat in Bonn, West Germany. Museum Operations Sept. 1 for a 1-year She then returned to study for her JS stay, assisting with various curatorial Master's degree in U.S. history, while S and exhibit projects. working at the Long Beach Public E A native of New York, Calomiris Library. received a B.A. degree (summa cum on c

111

16 NPS people in the news Grand Canyon ranger National park areas receive Occupational Safety and speaks "sign" Programs using American sign Health Award language for the deaf were presented through August at Grand Canvon National Park. "The Park Service is providing sign language interpretation of selected activities as one part of the program to make the park safer and more enjoyable for visitors who are deaf or hard-of-hearing," said Superintendent Richard Marks. Seasonal Park Ranger Annette Reichman, a student of Gallaudet College located in Washington, D.C. presented programs in geology, astronomy, and natural resources. Although Ranger Reichman returns to Gallaudet College in September, sign language will continue to be used at Grand Canyon. Throughout the National park areas in Massachusetts other heavy equipment, locks, canals summer, 40 members of the Grand were cited in an award from the and trolley maintenance and the Canyon and Tusayan communities met Massachusetts Safety Council and the protection of firearms. with Reichman to learn basic and Associated Industries of Massachusetts Receiving the award are (left to right) emergency signs. "Although we will not recently for "working 1,184,964 hours in Bob Nash, superintendent, Minute Man have a fluent sign language interpreter the contest year in 1980 with only 16 National Historical Park; Hugh Gurney, after Ranger Reichman leaves," lost workday cases and a total of superintendent, Boston National commented Superintendent Marks, 160,514 hours since the last lost Historical Park; Steven Lewis, acting "Service and concession employees will workday." North Atlantic regional director; James be better prepared to meet the needs of The annual award is for a J. McCormick, president, Massachusetts deaf visitors to the park." medium-sized Government agency Safety Council; Mary Anne Peak, staff Reichman noted the surprise which achieves the best standard of assistant, Adams National Historic Site; expressed by deaf visitors upon meeting on-the-job safety. The 1980 award was and Jim Gott, superintendent of Saugus a range who is hearing impaired. "I given to the NPS during a special Iron Works National Historic Site. Other feel," said Reichman, "that we ceremony in June. parks noted in the award include Cape must provide programs in which deaf Among the special considerations of Cod National Seashore, Lowell National visitors can participate with everyone on-the-job safety were the unusual Historical Park, Longfellow, John F. else." Because of the success of Ranger conditions found in the national park Kennedy, and Olmstead National Reichman's program, the Park Service areas in Massachusetts including Historic Sites, Salem Maritime National will continue working with Gallaudet shipbuilding and demolition, overhead Historic Site, and Springfield Armory College to provide sign language crane use, heavy utilities work and National Historic Site. interpretive services at Grand Canvon. The sign language interpretive services are one part of the NPS plans to make Grand Canyon more accessible to all visitors. "People from throughout Park float wins first prize the world and with a variety of physical capabilities visit Grand Canvon" said A trio from Virgin Islands Superintendent Marks, "and we will National Park constructed a first prize continue to improve our facilities and winning float for the parade of the services to meet their needs." annual Fourth of July Festival on St. John, V.I. They are (left to right) Mike Anderson, marine biologist; Aubrey Johnson of the Living History Program, Correction and Edwin Chinnery of the Photographs accompanying article, Maintenance Division. "Women in non-traditional jobs at The float depicted an old Virgin Yellowstone," August COURIER, page Islands National Park sugar mill 11, were reversed by the printer, surrounded by park personnel causing a mix-up in captions. demonstrating various interpretive Photograph of woman by a truck should activities. The float was a tribute to the have been captioned "Cynthia Sorg, 25th anniversary of the establishment of motor vehicle operator foreman; and the park by an Act of Congress signed photograph of woman on the ladder by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, should have been captioned "Kathleen August 2, 1956. Nunley, electrician trainee."

17 Speleology

Members of the International Union of Speleology The camp was one of several throughout the U.S. scheduled attended a week-long field camp at Carlsbad Caverns before and after the Eighth International Congress of National Park, N. Mex., July 27 to August 2, and assembled Speleology held in Bowling Green, Ky., July 18-24. in the Cavern's Underground Lunchroom for this group photo. A total of 52 persons from 11 countries attended the camp which was organized by the Cave Research YACC Foundation in cooperation with the NPS, BLM and USFS.

Freddie Lundy

The YACC program (Youth Adult Conservation Corps) has served Chiricahua National Monument, Ariz., •id well, most recently through 5. employment of Kathy Pillsbury, a resident of Willcox, Ariz. Pillsbury •S5i joined the YACC in March of 1980, and c o K recently completed the program. She •6- worked on historic restoration of the O Faraway Ranch; fence building, a campground amphitheater renovation, and repairs and upkeep of 17 miles of When it comes to water lilies, Freddie Lundy of the Kenilworth Aquatic Gardens hiking trails. in Northeast, Washington, D.C., will tell you all you need to know. He's been caring Pillsbury is among 25 talented young for and cultivating the water lily and the lotus, among other plants, for more than 30 people who have participated in the years. Presently site supervisor of this NPS unit, Lundy is pictured in the Gardens YACC program at Chiricahua and greenhouse where warm-water lilies are housed during the winter and later helped to reduce a backlog of public transplanted into numerous ponds, along with the cold-water lilies. works projects.

is Volunteers of slide shows and films borrowed from careful, little boy, don't step on that the regional library. broken piece of glass! A pause from the Here's what it's like to be in the speaker. . .a groan of discontentment audience during one of Bud's slide from the audience.... presentations: Your eyes are closed, Bud The audience is now concerned over goes into his monologue, which how parks are mistreated. The slide of includes an invitation to join him at his the grizzly bear seems peaceful and campfire. Then Bud gives the signal to natural now compared to the distasteful open your eyes, and when you do, a image of all that garbage lying around flickering light surrounds the darkened the park. This section of Bud's room. Voila! A homemade campfire presentation seemed to have the created by one lit candle at the front of greatest impact on the audience. the room. Bud's presentation comes to a close The atmosphere is now created. now. You make sure the fire is out, Suddenly a grizzly bear appears, (on gather your thoughts together and By Margo Oliver screen of course), and you're sitting in spread the word. Interpretive Technician, RMRO your chair wondering if you should Bud volunteers much of his time to make any sudden moves for fear of private organizations, church and school Leonard "Bud" Jenkyns has recently attack. Quick Bud, next slide please! groups, entertaining a variety of joined the VolunteersTn-Parks Program Ahhh, that's a pretty flower! The park audiences in the process. Bud maintains at the Rocky Mountain Regional Office. sure does hold a variety of beauty. a captive audience throughout the Jenkyns, a manager for the United Looking at this scene makes one no presentation and the Bank of Denver Financial Center in longer want to pick the flowers and question-and-answer period which Aurora, Colo., is planning to develop a bring them home to Mom, because they immediately follows. new VIP program called "TAKETOOM" look so comfortable where they are. NPS thanks Bud Jenkyns for the (take-it-to-'em) Park. Jenkyns plans to Oh, what happened? What's that uplifting experience he has "taken to bring the parks to the people by the use garbage on the ground? And, be 'em."

Director first to receive Employees Benefit Statement

Loretta A. Thornton, of the WASO Management Consulting Division, presents Director Russ Dickenson with his employee Personal Statement of Benefits. AH permanent NPS employees will receive statements through the mail, listing the individual benefits they "own" as Federal workers. The list will include estimated current amounts of such items as medical and life insurance plans, disability and retirement benefits, and survivors coverage in case of the employee's death before retirement. It is expected that the statements will be updated on a continuing basis.

19 E&AA notes Photo exhibit Membership in the 1916 Society of the Washington, D.C. area was opened to employee as well as retiree members of the NPS Employees and Alumni Association in a revised charter adopted by the Society at a business session following the August 25 Founders Day dinner commemorating the 65th anniversary of the National Park Service Act. All persons attending the annual event are considered to be members. The original charter, adopted at the 1980 organization meeting, was further revised to clarify the relationship of the 1916 Society to E&AA by designating the Society "an integral unit" of the Association. Another important change provides for rotation of membership on the Executive Committee through the election of three new members each year for terms of 4 years, and limitation of the terms of the 12 original members by allowing four of them to continue in office for 1 year, four for 2 years, and four for 3 years. The three new members elected at the August 25 meeting were WASO employees Terry G. Wood, E&AA executive secretary, Naomi L. Hunt, editor of the COURIER, and retiree Cornelius W. Heine. The chairman is authorized to fill unexpected vacancies on the committee. Added to the offices to be filled by the Executive Committee, besides Two Park Service superintendents, an And that old country newspaper chairman and keeper-of-the-rolls, are old country newspaper editor and the editor? He was Mel Ruder, who archivist, Founders Day arrangements daughter-in-law of the late pioneer snapped this picture. Ruder was for committee, and Founders Day program photographer, F. Jay Haynes, were on many years owner and editor of the committee. The charter designates hand this summer for an exhibition of Hungry Horse News, a weekly paper near former Director Conrad L. Wirth as the artist's work by the Montana Glacier. honorary chairman. Historical Society. Mrs. Haynes donated more than Viewing the exhibition are (from left) 23,000 photographs and negatives along —Jim Kieley. Mrs. Jack Haynes, Yellowstone National with early photographic equipment, Park Superintendent John Townsley and Indian artifacts and other valuable art Glacier National Park Superintendent pieces to the Montana Historical Robert Haraden. Society. Red Cross award Celebrations at Kings Mountain National Military Park, S.C., in July Rocky Mtn. women publish calendar included a ribbon-cutting ceremony for the new National Recreation Trail—a To mark the 50th anniversary of the opening of Trail Ridge Road, the Rocky new 18-mile hiking trail (the sixth trail Mountain National Park Women have published a 1982 commemorative calendar in in South Carolina to become part of the black and white. It features old and recent photographs, original sketches by park National Trail System); and the artists (all suitable for framing), original poetry, history, and nature quotations, and it honoring of NPS ranger John F. Cissell. provides plenty of space to serve as an engagement calendar. He saved the life of Kelli Harry, 9, of The earnings will be donated to the E&AA Education Trust Fund. To re-live a Grover, N.C., with artificial respiration happy time in the Rockies and acquire an instant souvenir, order a calendar now (or after the boy was hit by a pick-up truck. several for gifts) and help the Fund. Cissell was presented with a Red Cross Make checks for $4.50 per calendar (postage and handling covered), payable to Certificate of Merit by Southeast Rocky Mountain National Park Women and mail the order to: Regional Director Robert Baker. Rocky Mountain Calendar Rocky Mountain Nature Association Estes Park, CO 80517

20 Four take a plunge Four employees of Eisenhower National Historic Site and Gettysburg National Military Park, Pa., took off last May in a single engine plane and jumped out at 3,000 feet. It was their first sky-diving experience. The day started with ground training at the Southern Cross Air Field in Chambersburg, Pa. Training included equipment orientation, jump techniques, parachute control and guiding, landing and shock distribution. The four were Ron Wishard, Louise Kreager, Brad Clawson and Ron Bestrom. All are interested in a second jump.

as to the accomplishments she and her create. He said you don't make maps Thank you Herb associates had made. She stated: "None, anymore you make "platts" and so we except we seemed to interrupt Mr. did. Anyone who didn't know Ed Hummel's afternoon nap." See, George, there are a few things Hummel was that much worse off for it. I enjoyed his parody with the words that you didn't know. Ed and I used to visit extensively "graze" vs. "pasture" at Manassas. during the early morning hours when Hartzog decided that all "maps" and Philip O. Stewart the city was still asleep and only "map making" should be centralized in RFD #2, Box 18 "farm-boys" were at work, but not the Service Center. Ed and I discussed Middletown, VA 22645 before 6:45 a.m., because his first order this and the disruption of the land (former land acquisition of business was looking at the acquisition program that it would chief, etc.) Washington Post, page by page. If he had not done this, you learned to sit quietly while he finished. Ed was a GS-15 by 1942 and he used to say: "Buster, I'm paying more income tax now than I first made when I was a Your E&AA Representatives GS-5 in Omaha." Richard Hart—Chairman of the Board Earl M. Semingsen—Special Membership Everyone has their favorite Ed Theresa G. Wood—Executive Secretary Officer Hummel stories. Mine is his dislike for Pat Smith—Educational Trust Officer long meetings. He held staff meetings At large—Conrad L. Wirth regularly but they lasted 30 minutes James F. Kieley—E & AA Editor (and sometimes you got the impression he only did it because management Mid-Atlantic Western HFC concepts said you should). Any meeting Employee-Vacant Emplovee-Roger K. Rector Employee-Richard Russell that lasted over an hour was a total loss Alumni-Nate Goluh Alumni-Thomas Tucker to him. He would display his disgust NCP with long meetings by leaning back in Employee-Sandra Alley his big chair and close his eyes. Southeast WASO Alumni-Ted Smith Employee-Vern Ingram Employee-Pat Smith On one occasion he was visited by Alumni-George Fry Rocky Mountain one Sylvia Troy who was then head of Employee-Frances Reynolds the Save-the-Dunes Council at Indiana Midwest North Atlantic Alumni-Richard Hart Dunes National Lakeshore and had Employee-James L. Ryan Employee-John C. Raftery brought her entourage to Washington Alumni-Ravmond Rundell Alumni-Nash Castro Pacific Northwest for some trivial but controversial issue. Employee-Don Jackson The meeting dragged on for 3 hours. Alumni-Victor Dahlberg After 30 minutes Ed went into his Southwest Alaska "act." Upon returning home she was Employee-JoAnn Kryal Employee-Vacant Denver Service Center interviewed by the Chicago Sun-Times Alumni-Tom Ela Employee-Norman Reigle

21 him ded or was he only partly et up People on Education fund and is he from this plaice and all about "We receive many letters of thanks the bare. I dont know but he is a distant the move from employees and alumni who have husband of mine. My first husband was been approved for educational loans for of that name and I supposed he was BELEN, Ann L., Admin. Tech., Great Sand Dunes NM, to Admin. Ofcr, Apostle their children by the Education Trust killed in the war, but the name of the man the bare et being the same I Islands NL. Fund/' reports Pat Smith, trust fund BOWMAN, Leslie L., Maint. Worker, Mount officer. thought it might be him after all and I ought to know if he wasnt killed either Rushmore NM, to Mason, DSC. Funding this activity of the Employee COURAUD, Dwayne, Maint. Mech. in the war or by the bare, for I have and Alumni Association is a project of Foreman, Canyon de Chelly NM, to Same, been married twise and there ought to the National Park Service women's Padre Island NS. be a divorce paper got out by him or me organizations, which have always been EXCELL, Thomas D., Auto Mech., Grand if the bare did not et him up. If it is innovative in their fund-raising efforts, Canyon NP, to Heavy Mobile Equipmt him you will know by his having six she said. Mech., Death Vallev NM. toes on his left foot. He also had a FRIERY, Carl B., Park Tech., Lyndon B. Within the past few months the spreadeagle tattoed on his front chest Johnson NHP, to Same, Big Thicket Natl Western Women's Organization raised and an anker on his right arm which Preserve. $1,000 for the fund. As noted in a you will know him if the bare did not GILBERT, James A., Painter, Sequoia NP, to recent COURIER, donations were also eat up these sines of it being him. Find Carpenter, DSC. made by the Alaska Area out all you kin about him without him GINESI, Helen E., Clerk-Typist, WRO, to Same, Golden Gate NRA. superintendents for the first time. knowing what for, that is if the bare did Another way of contributing and HEACOCK, Diana L., Grants Mgmt Spec, not eat him all up. If it did I dont see as WRO, to Procurement Agent, WRO. honoring a co-worker or friend is a you kin do anything and neednt living memorial donation in his or JORDAN, Harold R., Exhibit Spec, S W trouble. Please ancer back. Cultural Res. Center, to Facility Mgr, Hot name, said Pat. Springs NP. "Or if you have extra dollars, write "P.S. Was the bare killed? Also was he married again and did he have KING, Robert, Maint. Worker Foreman, a check to the Education Trust Fund, NCR, to Engineering Equipmt Opr and send it to me, Room 3025A, U.S. propty with me laying claim to?" Foreman, NCR. Department of the Interior, Washington, We'll probably never know the LARSON, Barbara L., Park Tech., NCR, to D.C., 20240," said Pat. outcome of this piece of drama from the Same, G W Mem. Pkwy. Any questions may be addressed to Old West! McKNIGHT, Laurie A., Park Ranger, NCR, your employee or alumni —Horace M. Albright. to Personnel Staffing Spec, HFC. representative, (See page 21 for their LARSON, Gary L., Fishery Biologist, Great Smoky Mtns NP, to Regl Chief Scientist, names) or give Pat a call at (202) Patton Memorial Park MWRO. 523-4470. MOLNAR, Alexa J , Supv. Accting Tech., A memorial park and playground has MARO, to Supv. Accountant, MARO. been dedicated at Calverton Baptist PATTERSON, Thomas D., Park Ranger, Church in Silver Spring, Md., in Delaware Water Gap NRA, to Same, Best bear story yet memory of Millis P. Patton, a NPS Joshua Tree NM. From our faithful Los Angeles employee who died August 28, 1978. PROCTOR, Joan M., Mgmt Asst, NCR, to correspondent, (a young fellow by the Miss Patton was a management Supply Ofcr, NCR. analyst in the Division of Legislation, SCHRANTZ, Daniel, Environmental name of H. M. Albright) comes the best Engineer, DSC, to Civil Engineer, DSC. bear story this season: WASO and a Park Service employee for almost 30 years. SEIBERT, Robert R., Supv. Park Ranger, Rocky Mtn NP, to Same, Hawaii Volcanoes Dear COURIER Editor: The Millis Patton Memorial Fund was NP. begun 3 years ago by her mother Arline SKINNER, Sarah A., Park Tech., Morristown For many years, rightly or wrongly, I Patton, her family and friends. NHP, to Same, Bighorn Canyon NRA. have been regarded as especially SQUIRE, Shirley J., Clerk-Typist, interested in bears, and ready to take Yellowstone NP, to Park Aid, Yellowstone their side in any discussion or In the Rockies NP. controversy about them. As a Aspen brilliant in yellow hue, WOLFE, Wescoat S., Supv. Park Ranger, consequence of this reputation, bear Polkadots splashed on the parasol's RMRO, to Chief, Operations Evaluation, RMRO. stories and cartoons are sent to me and blue, I enjoy them. I now have one I think YARBROUGH, Jerry R., Supv. Park Ranger, A luminous glow by the pumpkin Timpanogos Cave NM, to Same, Amistad our readers might find different and moon quite funny. It comes to me from a NRA. Gaunt shadows rock-giants threw. ALLIN, Virginia E., Admin. Clerk, WRO, to cousin who, like myself, was born and Frosty dew the bull elks clue Mgmt Asst., WRO. reared in the country east of the Sierra Eliciting bugles blasty. AMELUNG, Harold E., Park Tech., Natchez Nevada. This story was a letter received Steep trails tilted, Trace Pkwy, to Same, Death Valley NM. by the editor of a newspaper published Shallow breaths wilted BACKLUND, Gilbert J., Supv. Park Tech., in Bodie, Calif., not far from 100 years The laggards jilted Mammoth Cave NP, to Park Tech., ago. Here is the letter: Outclassed by nimble hikers. Mammoth Cave NP. "Kind and respected Cir: I see in the BALLOU, Sarah L„ Park Tech., Acadia NP, While Stellar's jay along the trails to Same, Ocmulgee NM. paper that a man named John Sipes was Follow the lunch bags sagging BELLAMY, James K., Park Ranger, Channel attacted and et up by a bare whose kubs 'til someone takes a crust from one Islands NP, to Supv. Park Ranger, Big he was trying to get when the she bare To halt the vagrants' nagging. Bend NP. came up and stopt him by eting him up BERG, Malcolm J., Park Mgr., Rio Grande in the mountains near you town. By: Jo Ellsworth Wild & Scenic River, to Asst Super., "What I want to know is did it kill August 9, 1981 Yellowstone NP.

22 CARRASCO, Victor V., Supv. Park Ranger, Boise, Idaho, 83707, where George will of sympathy be in the form of Whiskeytown NRA, to Same, San Antonio continue to live. contributions to the American Heart Missions NHP. Funeral services were held for Mrs. Association or to the NPS Education DAVIS, Daniel B., Park Ranger, Lake Mead Baggley on August 21; internment was Trust Fund of the Employees and NRA, to Supv. Park Ranger, Rocky Mtn Alumni Association, Box 7144, NP. in the Morris Hill Cemetery. DENGLER, William F., Supv. Park Ranger, —Herb Evison. Arlington, VA 22207. Yosemite NP, to Same, Mount Rainier NP. DOLLAR, Donovan, Park Tech., Great Sand Dunes NM, to Supv. Park Tech., Great Bill Ledford Poem by Buck Ledford, son of Smoky Mtns NP. William H. Ledford, treasurer of the William H. Ledford, as read at Bill's DREZNER, Richard, Park Tech., WRO, to National Park Service Employees and funeral on Monday, Sept. 28, by the Communications Clerk, NCR. Alumni Association, died in Arlington, Reverend Neal Jones of Columbia ENGLAND-CHANDLER, Jane, Resource Baptist Church, Arlington, Va. Policy Analyst, WASO, to Park Ranger, Va., on Sept. 23 of a heart ailment. NCR. Mr. Ledford had been with the Park Service in budget and fiscal offices for Oh, father of ours, how precious vour more than 30 years, before retiring in memories are 1971. A native of Vancouver, Wash., he The wisdom God gave and the joy you had Obits are treasures had worked for NPS in Washington We treasure by far. State before moving to the Washington, Your life has been full as the ages are long Joseph Godfrey D.C, area in the 1950s. Following But the Lord has now called you on. retirement from the Service he became Though we be left, father so dear, Joseph Godfrey, construction auditor and financial advisor for the We treasure those memories through time on representative on the Denver Service E&AA and in 1979 took over the and on Center's Mid-Atlantic/North Atlantic responsibilities of treasurer. The tenderness we knew, the time you gave Team, stationed in Bar Harbor, Maine, Survivors include his wife, Annie We cherish this part of love. died August 12 of cancer. Laurie Ledford, who he married in For love that is true and pure and good we Mr. Godfrey began his NPS career as 1957; children by his first marriage, Lora know is imparted from above a construction representative with the We leave you Dad in the hands of the Lord Lee Carpenter of Mount Airy, Md., and And trust you with His living word. Mid-Atlantic Region's Office of Design William "Buck" of Jefferson, Md., his and Construction in 1964 and continued mother Grace Chase and a brother, in that capacity at various locations until Curtis, both of Woodburn, Oreg.; a his death. stepson, Frank Ewing of Barker-Ewing Herbert Hutchinson Mr. Godfrey is survived by his wife Float Trips concession in Grand Teton Jeannette of Mount Desert, Maine, and National Park, and 9 grandchildren. Herbert M. Hutchinson, 49, a a son Paul, residing in Boston. Sentiments of those who knew Bill maintenance worker foreman at George Mr. Godfrey's family requests best are reflected in the poem written Washington Carver National memorial donations be made to the Boy by his son, Buck, which was read at the Monument, Mo., died August 1. Scouts of America or the Cancer funeral services bv the Reverend Neal A Neosho, Mo., native, Mr. Foundation. Jones. Internment was made at the Hutchinson began his Park Service National Memorial Park Cemetery in career in 1978 at the monument. As Herma Baggley Falls Church. A U.S. Park Police squad maintenance worker foreman, he was car led the procession from the funeral responsible for the supervision of tractor Herma Albertson Baggley, home to the gravesite. Pall bearers were operators, laborers, maintenance distinguished botanist, pioneer woman Rangers Bob Miller and Daniel personnel and YACC projects. In 1980, naturalist at Yellowstone National Park, Mathews, U.S. Park Police Officers Paul he received a Special Achievement and wife of George F. Baggley, Clifton and Charles Smallwood, III; Award for outstanding performance as Yellowstone's first Civil Service chief David E. Gackenback, E&AA Education energy coordinator. park ranger, died in Boise, Idaho, on Trust Fund official, and John A. Kunec, Mr. Hutchinson is survived by his August 18. Her passing marked the end chief of Finance, who was a colleague wife Jacklyn of Joplin, Mo., a son Gary, of a long and courageous battle against and long-time friend of Bill's. one grandson, his mother, two brothers Parkinson's Disease. The family suggests that expressions and two sisters. Herma Albertson, a native of Iowa, migrated in her early years with her family to Idaho. She was a graduate of the University of Idaho with both U.S. Department of the Interior Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Secretary James Watt botany; and she taught there before Assistant Secretary G. Ray Arnett going to Yellowstone to start her career National Park Service as a park naturalist. There she Director Russell E. Dickenson co-authored The Plants of Yellowstone Deputy Director Ira J. Hutchison Chief, Office of Public Affairs, George J. Berklacy with the late Dr. Walter B. McDougall, Cheif, Publications and Public Inquiries, Grant W. Midgley also a park naturalist. She and George F. Baggley, then Yellowstone's chief Editor Naomi L. Hunt ranger, were married in Blackfoot, Editor-of-the-Month Diani? L. SedoK Idaho, on Nov. 26, 1931. Since George's Assistant Editor Daniel S. Hughes retirement from the position of Special Artist Glenn O. Snyder Assistant to the Director, in 1968, the Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Washington, D.C. 20240 two had lived at 17 Mesa Vista Drive, Room 8220, 1100 L St., NW Tel (202) 523-4835

23 Year of the Disabled Persons At the day-long International Year of the Disabled Persons' Festival August 29 in Washington, D.C.'s Constitution Gardens and Potomac Parks, race participants and winners Phil Carpenter and George Murray (seated) posed with NPS officials: (left to right) Recreation Specialist Tom Coleman, Deputy Director Ira Hutchison and Special Programs and Populations Chief Dave Park. The event, co-sponsored by the National Park Service, the President's Committee on Employment of the Handicapped, the National Recreation and Park Association and other local and national organizations, featured activities for disabled and able-bodied participants. In addition to athletic demonstrations, this festival included performing artists and cultural awareness programs.

Photos and text by Bill Clark.

Laureen Summers, a professional weaver with cerebral palsy, demonstrates Racers rush past the Tidal Basin and the Jefferson Memorial in the her skills. 10-kilometer "Fun Run."

U.S. Department of the Interior Postage and Fees Paid National Park Service Third Class Washington, D.C. 20240 Bulk Rate Int. 417 Official Business Penalty for Private Use $300