CONTENTS

Slovenia in Brief ...... 4

Interview with the Foreign Minister ...... 6

EU-India Relations: A Partnership for Mutual Benefit ...... 10

Interview with the Chargé d’Affaires ...... 14

Corporate Profile of Luka Koper ...... 15

A Personal Discovery Editor of India by a ...... 20 Harun Riaz

Slovenia - Springboard to the Project Coordinator R.K. Verma EU and South-East Europe ...... 22 Marketing Bridges from Karantania to Koromandia, Ajit Thakur Developing Cultural Ties with India ...... 28 Asstt. Editor Jai Narayan Ram

The Photographs of Arne Hodalic ...... 29 Designing Arjun Mishra Slovenia Tourism ...... 32 Published by Krest Pulications International Center for Promotion Tel: 55304701-3 of Enterprises (ICPE) ...... 38 Fax: 55304700 Email: [email protected] The Career of Franc G. Gallenfels on in association with the the Malabar Coast in the 18th Century ...... 40 Embassy of the Republic of Slovenia Tel: 51662891 Slovenia - India Cooperation ...... 42 Fax: 51662895 Email: [email protected] The Stock Exchange ...... 44 Printing Aegean Offset Printers Wines of Slovenia ...... 48 New Delhi (India)

Books on Slovenia ...... 52 Cover Photo Bled Tourist Resort in Useful Websites of Slovenia ...... 54 Slovenian Alps

Profile of NGO Pragati Mahila Mandal ...... 56 Disclaimer: It is our goal to publish error free magazine. Every effort is made to check, recheck and verify the Trade Fairs and Exhibitions authenticity of the information. However, in Slovenia in 2005 ...... 58 we assume no responsibility for inadvertent mistakes. Please contact the official agencies for further information. COUNTRY PROFILE

Slovenia in Brief

Area: 20,273 km2 successful European state, but also strives for the preservation of its national identity. Population: 1,964,036 (2002 census) Economy, Economic Sectors Capital city: Ljubljana Slovenia is directed towards development and a Language: Slovene; also Italian and Hungarian in market economy. nationally mixed areas Social Security and Health Care Currency: (SIT) Important dates: Social security is an important value of ; for the majority of citizens it is provided through Independence - 25 June 1991 pension and disability insurance, health insurance, protection of unemployed persons, child protection Member of EU - 1 May 2004 and social protection. The Republic of Slovenia lies at the heart of Europe, where the Alps face the Pannonian plains and the Education, Science Mediterranean meets the mysterious . To the Slovenian school system has seen a number of north is ; is to the east; to changes in recent years, aiming to ensure that as the south and to the west. many people as possible realise their right to History education. Slovenia has been populated since the Stone Age. Slovenes have notably contributed to the world This is an overview of the last 1500 years - since treasury of knowledge: the theory of space flight, Slavic ancestors arrived in this territory. world explorers, the author of the logarithmic tables, the physical law of light radiation – Stefan’s Law, State etc. Under the Constitution, Slovenia is a democratic Arts and Culture republic and a social state governed by law. Arts and culture have had a special position in the Slovenia and the World history of the Slovenian nation and have Slovenia is strengthening its international position compensated for the lack of its own state and and reputation as a democratic, stable and political institutions in the past.

Slovenia in Focus 4 COUNTRY PROFILE Photo: Zvone Pelko

The Media NATIONAL FLAG As in most European countries, the media in Slovenia today constitute one of the most rapidly growing and often highly lucrative business areas. Slovenia experienced a real boom in new radio and television programmes in the last decade, while on the other hand, there are too few informative political dailies and magazines. , you can experience amazing contrasts in the same day: a morning swim in the Adriatic, NATIONAL INSIGNIA followed two hours later by skiing below Alpine peaks, then an adventurous discovery of Karst subterranean phenomena and an invigorating bath in a thermal spring; an encounter with history in a lively mediaeval city and, not far away, a more solitary stroll through primeval forests or undulating, winegrowing hills.

Information Society NATIONAL ANTHEM To promote the development and use of information- communications technology throughout Slovenian God’s blessing on all nations, society the Ministry of Information Society was Who long and work for that bright day, established in 2001. The Ministry was abolished in When o’er earth’s habitations November 2004, while its tasks were transferred to several competent ministries. The Ministry of No war, no strife shall hold its sway; Information Society set up the following programmes Who long to see during 2001-2004: e-government, e-schools, That all men free informatisation of rural areas, the promotion of No more shall foes, but neighbours be. e-commerce and the like. The Slovenian government was also among the first in the world to introduce ( Prešeren) the so-called electronic sessions of the government.

Source: http://www.uvi.si/eng/slovenia/in-brief/

in Focus 5 Slovenia EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW

“We Expect India to Open its Embassy in Slovenia” The Foreign Minister of Slovenia, Dr. Dimitrij Rupel in an exclusive interview with journalist Harun Riaz, informs that India is one of the most important partners in Asia for Slovenia’s foreign policy

dialogue between the two countries. Political and economic visits at the highest level will further contribute to the strengthening of bilateral relations. This year, several bilateral activities are envisaged, including the 6th Session of the Joint Committee on Trade and Economic Cooperation between Slovenia and India and the Joint Business Council between the two Chambers of Commerce and Industry, and further negotiations to conclude the agreement on the promotion and protection of investments. The visit of the Indian minister of science to Slovenia is scheduled; the programme of cooperation in culture is being drafted, and political consultations are to be held.

Photo: Rok Srakar Many opportunities exist to intensify economic cooperation between Slovenia and India, not only in trade but also in science, The visiting Foreign Minister, Dr. Dimitrij Rupel opening the Slovenian Mission in New Delhi development and investment. India and Slovenia enjoy warm and friendly relations and both India is considered as a rising sides are determined to further strengthen and expand these giant in Asia. How important relations in all fields, including trade and economy. There is is the place of India in your also a remarkable increase in the volume of bilateral trade foreign policy perspective? between the two countries, showing a very encouraging trend. How can this trend be maintained and what more needs to be India is one of the most important done to achieve even better results? partners in Asia for Slovenia’s foreign policy. We are aware of Slovenia and India maintain positive and friendly relations; this is also India’s increasing importance and reflected in the opening of Slovenia’s embassy in New Delhi. role in the world in both political Slovenia hopes that India may also open its embassy in Ljubljana. and economic terms. As an EU This would certainly intensify our bilateral relations and enhance and NATO member Slovenia

Slovenia in Focus 6 EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW

wishes to establish all mechanisms required for good cooperation with India and continue dialogue with it on a regular basis. Recently one major step has been taken in the form of signing of an Agreement Photo: Rok Srakar between Slovenia and India for the Avoidance of Double Taxation. How comprehensive is this Agreement in its scope and what will be its overall impact? The Agreement determines in detail the responsibilities of both countries in the taxation of income, and methods for the avoidance of double taxation of income. Its entry into force will facilitate the flow of capital and services. On 1st May 2004 Slovenia became full-fledged member of the EU. In what way has the The visiting Foreign Minister, Dr. Dimitrij Rupel signing an agreement EU influenced Slovenia’s with the then Foreign Minister of India Mr. Yashwant Sinha foreign policy orientation? In general, EU membership has and possibilities of cooperation been increasing due to succeeding significantly raised Slovenia’s have diversified. Also, in view of EU enlargements. The markets international profile. Its Slovenia’s 2008 EU presidency, have been opening gradually (trade diversion after Yugoslavia’s dissolution and trade My first visit to India took place in May 1992. In 2004, I creation after integration into the exchanged views with Minister Yashwant Sinha on bilateral European market). Confidence of foreign investors in and topical international issues. Slovenia’s economy has increased. We expect that great international importance has our country closely follows all EU and visible changes will occur with increased, including the interest of foreign policy issues. the adoption of the in 2007. international partners for dialogue It is expected that Slovenia with Slovenia. Due to EU membership will receive a tremendous Slovenia’s economy has seen Slovenia is now in an interesting boost from being a member some changes in its immediate position - as the chairing country of the EU. Now it has a very region. Trade with some countries of the Organisation for Security vast and rich internal with which Slovenia had special and Cooperation in Europe European market open for agreements concluded prior to its (OSCE), it is often the one who business. What further accession to the EU (Bosnia and presents within the EU the enlargement and closer Herzegovina, and Macedonia) developments in some areas integration do you expect in has fallen; trade with other ranging from Vancouver to near future? What will be its countries in this area (Serbia and Vladivostok where the OSCE is perceived positive effects on Montenegro, and Russia) has particularly active. the Slovenian economy? increased, at least in Slovenia’s Due to EU membership A large international market is . In the first year of EU Slovenia’s foreign policy interest open to Slovenia. This market has membership, the Slovenian

in Focus 7 Slovenia EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW

economy recorded a On your visit you had surplus in services, expressed the hope that once particularly in road Slovenia joined the EU, transport and cargo opportunities for economic shipping (the Port of cooperation with India would Koper). increase significantly. Your expectation was based on the On your two-day visit to calculation that after EU India in February last accession Slovenia will have a year, an air service better environment and new agreement between opportunities for cooperation Slovenia and India was with India. Now Slovenia has signed and you had held automatically become a wide- ranging talks on signatory of the cooperation issues of bilateral and agreements between the EU international interest. and India. How much did it What was it all about translate into real business and after the air service and economic cooperation? It is a fact that Slovenia and Slovenia’s potential in India are EU membership has brought new circumstances and possibilities of not well-known. economic cooperation between Slovenia and India. Currently, the most interesting areas include the pharmaceutical, agreement do you see any certain specific sectors. What paper and automobile industries. significant change? is the basic strength of the Slovenian companies see their Slovenian economy and opportunities particularly in My first visit to India took place business and which sector is infrastructural projects, tools for in May 1992. In 2004, I your top priority? the processing industry, transfer exchanged views with Minister of technologies in agro-industry, Yashwant Sinha on bilateral and Slovenia’s EU membership and and in what is offered by the topical international issues. the adoption of the Euro as the Slovenian tourism to tourists from common currency in 2007 bring India travelling through Europe. We also signed the Agreement many economic benefits to between the Government of the EU membership has brought new Slovenia. Republic of Slovenia and the circumstances and possibilities of Government of India on economic cooperation between Those benefiting most from the Scheduled Air Services. Slovenia and India. Customs opportunities have been industries duties on the import of certain that previously were already The signing of the agreement is products have been reduced; -oriented, particularly the important for both countries, changes have also occurred in the pharmaceutical, metal, representing a sound basis for the area of investment. establishment of scheduled air processing, electric, services between Slovenia and telecommunications and For example: India is part of the India. It also contributes to transport industries. EU Generalised Scheme of Tariff tourism, making Slovenia more Preferences (GSTP), which should interesting for tourists from India. Slovenia’s government policy in lower tariffs on certain industrial On a separate basis, cooperation foreign economic relations aims goods from India. The bilateral between Slovenian and Indian at realising the vision of Slovenia Agreement on Commercial and flight instructors has already been as a country with a successful, Economic Cooperation of 1993 established. competitive and flexible will be consensually modified, economy, and a country with while the agreements on the Recently Slovenia seems to educated and motivated people avoidance of double taxation and have intensified its efforts to creating high growth and thus on the promotion of investment increase its business presence prosperity and social co- are still remaining in the in the world and focus is on existence. competence of Slovenia.

Slovenia in Focus 8 EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW

Indian companies are now able to take advantage of Slovenia, as it has become a part of the large internal market; taking advantage of the Slovenian , which may become a regional distribution and logistics centre for a wider area of Central Europe and South-Eastern Europe (Western Balkans). EU accession has also had a positive effect on the investment regime. In that respect, Indian companies should consider Slovenia as a place for investment and establishing companies that have free access to the whole European market of 450 million people. which would have an additional We expect that India will in future open its embassy in Slovenia, impact on the strengthening of which would have an additional impact on the strengthening of cooperation in all areas. In your opinion what should cooperation in all areas. India do to increase the bilateral cooperation between the two countries? Slovenia has always been never has been throughout peaceful and democratically human history. We expect that India may soon open its embassy in Slovenia, thus stable despite all the trouble On your visit last year you had contributing to the strengthening in its neighbourhood. What is also officially opened the of cooperation in both the existing the secret of this special premises of the new Slovenian and new areas, and to better distinction in the trouble-torn Embassy in New Delhi. As such public recognisability of the two region? the Slovenian Embassy to India countries. started work in August 2002 There is no secret at all, only our headed by a Chargé d’Affaires. Please recount some of your sincere commitment to values Why did it take so long to open Indian experience. Though it such as peaceful cooperation and a full-fledged embassy in India, was a whirlwind tour of a very mutual understanding among when Slovenia has achieved its short duration of two days, nations, our deepest belief that all independence way back in what attracted you most in open issues should be solved 1991? India? peacefully through bi- and During my visits in 1992 and 2004 multilateral negotiations. Slovenia became an independent I was impressed by my Indian Slovenia tried to implement these state almost fifteen years ago. At counterparts, particularly Foreign political standards already at the the very beginning, we were Minister Sinha, with whom we end of the 1980s and the aware of India’s importance for held very useful talks in a friendly beginning of the 1990s in order to Slovenia, particularly in terms of atmosphere. Unfortunately there cope with the then growing crisis economic cooperation and the was not enough time to see your in the former Yugoslavia, but opening of Slovenia’s embassy. beautiful country, but I will try to failed, since some other republics Excellent cooperation, visits, the do so on my next visit to India. I of the former Yugoslav federation agreements signed, and the considered the official visit to unfortunately chose another path increasing trade resulted in the India as very successful and leading to conflict, war and ethnic opening of the embassy in 2002. useful, contributing greatly to the cleansing. We knew in advance We expect that India will in future strengthening of bilateral relations that war was not a response, as it open its embassy in Slovenia, with India.

in Focus 9 Slovenia DIPLOMATIC INTERVIEW

“Slovenia Offers Promising Scope in Science and Technology”

in business and economy. How much scope of cooperation do you see in this field between Slovenia and India? How will it benefit both the countries?

We view the cooperation in Photo: Deepak Kapoor science and technology between the two countries as one of the most promising areas of bilateral cooperation. One of the key orientations of the Slovenia’s Ministry for Higher Education, Science and Technology policy is to increase scientific and techn- ological cooperation with other Chargé d´Affaires of Slovenia in India, Mr. Miklavz Borštnik countries, striving for creativity, innovation and excellence, as Despite being a small country Slovenia will be able to go along joint research is to be followed by Slovenia has been making with most developed European industrial cooperation, which in great strides in business and countries and thus to contribute turn shall encourage economic economy especially after to the common endeavours of the cooperation. Research and joining the EU. What is the EU as a more competitive development in Slovenian public strongest point of Slovenia? economic player in the world. sector is of relatively high quality with well established international Although Slovenia does not have Foreign investors pick up cooperation. Slovenia’s strategy economic giants, its smaller and Slovenia for a great variety of is to increase investment in medium sized companies can reasons. The most important are applied research and innovations easily accommodate to markets high business ethics and and target oriented research, to within the EU and worldwide. commitment to quality work, improve transfer of knowledge Well educated work force as well good ties with markets in Western into industry, promote inter- the fact that Slovenian companies and South-Eastern Europe, a have traditionally been oriented central position in Europe and national networking, increase the to more competitive and excellent infrastructure, and last mobility of researchers in both demanding markets have been to but not least for the quality of life. directions and promote exce- some extend the advantage in our llence and multidisciplinary of preparation to become a member Slovenia seems to be focusing scientific research. Research of the EU. on technological innovation topics of special interest to and researches for the growth Slovenia are: information and The main challenge of Slovenian companies is to secure investment in newest technologies and in new jobs that create higher Port Koper is entrance point. Koper is linked to the value added products and hinterland markets by modern motorways and a fast rail network services. Only by these means

Slovenia in Focus 10 CORPORATE PROFILE

Luka Koper and the Port of Koper

uka Koper, d.d. is the company operating all the terminals in the Port of Koper, Slovenia. At present Luka Koper is a public limited company organized as a concern with a number of subsidiaries, which supplement port activities and enrich the services of the Koper L business and logistics centre. The Port of Koper is an international cargo port and was established in 1957. It lies at the northern edge of the , at its deepest indentation into the European continent. Such a geographical position enables it to be the closest link for traffics between Central and Eastern Europe and both the Mediterranean countries as well as those beyond Suez.

The basic port activities in Koper are conducted on 11 terminals specialized in handling and warehousing various types of goods, such as general cargo, fruit and light-perishable goods, livestock, containers, vehicles, timbers, dry bulk and liquid cargoes. Moreover, to fully meet customers’ needs, Luka Koper performs a variety of additional services that increase the value of goods. The high standard product is a result of continuous investments in technology and human resources. The company has acquired the ISO 9001 and 14001 what documents its commitment to quality and a responsible attitude towards the environment. Flexibility and adjustment to customers are part of the company’s general orientation; this is why Luka Koper is always ready to improve its services also by searching new logistics solutions. It is upgrading its main port activities and becoming a provider of complete logistic services.

As regards sales and cargo volume, the company attained the mark 12.4 million tons of handled cargo in year 2004. The throughput is stably growing. Its major partners are coming from Slovenia, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Czech and Slovak Republic, South and former Yugoslav countries. 10 representative offices, spread almost on all the continents, help the company to be closer to the customers’ needs.

With the accession to the European Union the Port of Koper became part of the Schengen border and obtained the status of Border Inspection Post (BIP). Entering the common European market created good opportunities for the company and this is why Luka Koper is investing in new mechanical and technical equipment, enlarging storage capacities, upgrading IT equipment and allocating considerable funds for environment-related investments.

The growing traffic at the Container Terminal (in the first four months the throughput amounted to 55.600 TEU) instead has strongly influenced the investment policy of Luka Koper, which is investing now more in the new cargo handling equipment – for June we are expecting a new shore crane.

For more information about Luka Koper visit the site www.luka-kp.si DIPLOMATIC INTERVIEW

about your Indian experience.

Before coming to New Delhi, this subcontinent has not been quite unknown for me. Some twenty five years ago I started my diplomatic career in neighbouring Bangladesh. At that time I was told by my colleagues that once one tastes Asia, one will return, and here I am again. I arrived with my wife the night after Diwali holiday. Air was full of smoke. Not knowing that it was the result of

Photo: Deepak Kapoor festivities, we were frightened that we shall have to live in such an environment. Later I learned that communication technologies, be reached within the same day. Delhiites indeed had to live in such genomics and health biotechno- The shipping route from Koper to an environment since not so long logy, new materials and proce- the countries of the Mediterranean ago and that with the introduction sses, sustainable development, and those lying beyond the Suez of the environmental friendly gas food quality and food safety, Canal is shorter than from for the buses and trucks, situation social cohesion. northern Europeans ports by more than 2000 nautical miles. has improved much for the better. I realized that people are proud What are the advantages for of their country, languages and India, offered by the Port of For those who trade with Central diverse culture. In a store, for Koper, especially in the and South-Eastern European example I sometimes ask if context of the construction of Countries (Western Balkans) and certain product is imported or is Pan-European Transport use direct liner services the it produced locally. One can Corridor? advantages are obvious. Namely, goods can reach final destination notice a spark in their eyes if I Geographical position of Port five to six days earlier than chose the latter. Koper on the Republic of Slovenia through North European Ports coast where the Mediterranean and due to shorter well developed I am impressed by the diversities of the India and its peoples. As Before coming to New Delhi, this subcontinent has not been quite my country emerged after the dissolution of former Yugoslavia, unknown for me. Some twenty five years ago I started my I even more attentively follow how such a diverse country can diplomatic career in neighbouring Bangladesh. be kept and managed together and heading towards global Sea most deeply penetrates into ground connections inland costs economic power. It is obvious that the European continent enables of transportation per container bond in question is democracy. ships to bring goods closer to the are lower. Therefore, it would markets in Central and East make sense that the Port Koper During your routine official European countries. As such, Port becomes a regional distribution duty you must have a brush Koper is European Union and logistic centre of Indian goods with Indian bureaucracy, how entrance point. Koper is linked to for the Central and Eastern will you rank it efficiency-wise the hinterland markets by modern European countries. on a scale of 1-10? How does motorways and a fast rail the administrative functioning network. From Koper, some most You have been here for over in a developing country differ important business centres are four months. How did you feel from its counterpart in the less than 600 km away and can here? Please tell something developed world?

Slovenia in Focus 12

DIPLOMATIC INTERVIEW

Bureaucracy is bureaucracy systems to enhance the protection years preceded the accession we everywhere. One would like to of people and property had to adopt our legislation to the have certain services done legislation of the EU. As we preferably earlier than latter In the field of biotechnology, entered EU well prepared one can without much troubles and research dealing with health and hardly notice any difference after wasting of time waiting in queue. safety and quality food is the most one year. However, careful Therefore e-government was important. Our scientists are analysis shows positive impact of invented and I understand that engaged in the following areas: the membership of Slovenia in the India has embarked on it. advanced genomics and its EU. Immediate change was application for health; gene access to the common EU market, India has achieved special expression and proteomics; easier movement of people and distinction in the field of structural genomics; comparative free movement of capital and Information Technology and genomics and population goods. Citizens of most EU is also making strides in genetics; bioinformatics; countries can easier get biotechnology. These two multidisciplinary functional, employment in Slovenia and the fields are considered as very genomic approaches to basic same is true for Slovene citizens seeking employment We have already achieved one of the goals by starting opportunities in some of EU countries. issuing visas recently. In terms of business and economy, the first year in the EU important sunrise industries biological processes; combating has proven to be a success. Both, in the present world. What CO- mayor diseases; application- export to euro regions and import operations in these two areas oriented genomic; approaches to from those states and the other are possible between India mayor diseases; combating new states of EU has increased. and Slovenia? cancer; impact of food on health; microbiology and biotechnology New Slovenian embassy was Every country with abundant or of foodstuffs; safer and officially opened in February limited natural resources can environmentally friendly last year. What agenda and advance its economy by production methods and priorities have you set for investing in science and its technologies and healthier yourself? research that can be enriched by foodstuffs; impact of animal feed international cooperation. As on human health; functional food; We have already achieved one of regards information technologies in Slovenia we pay special attention to the following: I would say that more Slovenes, particularly younger people visit knowledge and interface India than we have tourist from India in my country. technologies; networks and system management; multilingual and multicultural access and traceability processes along the the goals by starting issuing visas communication; ambient intelli- production chain; plant/animal recently. Further development of gence (computer vision, artificial genomics. economic cooperation is our intelligence, human interfaces); priority. Also we would like to add telecommunications; e-services How do you feel after Slovenia more visibility of Slovenia as a (security in embedded systems, joined EU in May last year? country and as member of the EU smart technology in business Will it make any great in India. We need to give more solutions, management identities difference in Slovenia’s fresh wind to the scientific and on the internet); new generation position? What immediate technological cooperation and to of communications between benefits of the EU accession cultural exchange. devices in smart home; do you perceive? technologies and methodologies Slovenia has great tourism for the automation of processes Joining the EU was a multiyear potential and India offers a in manufacturing; intelligent hard work project. During the big market. How do you feel

Slovenia in Focus 14 DIPLOMATIC INTERVIEW Photo: Deepak Kapoor

The staff of the Embassy of the Republic of Slovenia, New Delhi about tourist movement visited Slovenia call it “the best The trade between India and between the countries? Is it kept secret in Europe”. Slovenia has shown significant satisfactory? upward trend over the last few What did you like most about years. How did this come The flow of tourist between the India and in your opinion about? What more should be two countries is modest. I would what is the strongest feature done to increase the volume? say that more Slovenes, of India? Volume of trade has steadily grown particularly younger people visit in recent years and has approached India than we have tourist from It is true that I do not know much 100 millions USD this year. Our India in my country. We are of the state of affairs in the business people will have to happy to notice that more and countryside where majority of discover the potentials this great more business people are visiting Indian population lives. But what market has to offer with I have seen and learned so far my country. We are aware that infrastructure investments and gives one a hope that India is Slovenia is not known to Indian growing middle class purchasing indeed a country with enormous tourists who in general like Europe power. Persistent promotion of potentials and has therefore a as their tourist destination. We selected Slovenian industries in bright future. Information shall have to do more to introduce India is necessary through Slovenia to Indian tourist as an technology combined with organized promotional events like Alpine country, as well as having biotechnology in the hands of well fairs, show rooms, company match tourist resorts at the Adriatic Sea, educated and travelled people making, consultations and a country with healthy spas and could be used in India’s advantage exchange of business delegations. a home country for the famous in turning India country side in the Lipica horse -Lipizzaner. No major world food exported Interview by Journalist wonder that many who have region. Harun Riaz

in Focus 15 Slovenia SPECIAL WRITE-UP

EU-India Relations a Partnership for Mutual Benefit By H. E. Mr. Francisco da Câmara Gomes Ambassador/Head of Delegation European Commission in India

enior officials from the engagements, the fact of the million citizens, we have the European Commission matter is that EU and India are world’s greatest GDP, we are the Sheadquarters dealing with currently enjoying strong and largest trading bloc and we are EU-India relations were in Delhi cordial relations at all levels, the largest donor of humanitarian in the first week of June, within a whether it be in the area of trade, and development assistance in the few months of their last visit in investment and economic world. February, to discuss in detail with exchanges, or academic, cultural their Indian counterparts the and scientific links or Of course, the EU is currently contours and the content of the development and economic going through a challenging phase Action Plan that’s being chiseled cooperation. in its strive towards greater out to give shape to the Joint economic and political integration Statement issued at the last EU- The EU stands today as the in the wake of the negative results India Summit held in The Hague greatest example of peace and from the referenda held in France on 8 Nov 2004. The Summit had progress the world has seen and the on the endorsed the initiative to upgrade through the process of economic proposed EP Constitution. The the EU-India relations to the level integration carried out over the EU’s Constitutional Treaty will of a Strategic Partnership and the last five decades. Starting with 6 have a huge impact on our ability Action Plan being prepared now founding members in the 1950s, to speak with a coherent voice in is to be put up to the political it has today grown to have 25 international affairs once it gets leaders meeting at the next EU- member states and will perhaps implemented following India Summit billed for 7 reach 27 with the possible ratification by the member states. September in New Delhi. The accession of and British Prime Minister, Mr. Tony in 2007. In Europe the India, the biggest democracy in Blair, will lead the EU team in his last year has seen the culmination the world, on the other hand, of many years of hard work as capacity as the President of the continues to march ahead with 10 new members joined the EU Council, in discussions with confidence on its path of European Union. On 1 May 2004 economic progress and the Indian side led by the Prime the , development. India is changing, Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh. , Hungary, , dramatically and fast. Its Dr. Singh, it may be recalled, had , , , democracy is healthier and more traveled to the Hague last and Slovenia become vibrant than ever, as the general November to meet with his EU the EU’s latest members. Contrary elections demonstrated last year. counterparts, led by the to many predictions the India is increasingly engaging with Netherlands Prime Minister, Jean enlargement of the EU did not other players on the world stage Peter Balkenende, representing result in chaos or cause the EU to and has made great progress in the then Dutch Presidency of the implode. In fact it has been an foreign and domestic policy EU, at the 5tth EU-India Summit. unprecedented success and we issues becoming an important But beyond Summits, Joint are already reaping the rewards. international player and a Statements, and other official We are now a Union of 450 regional power. It has

Slovenia in Focus 16

SPECIAL WRITE-UP

Slovenia and the EU • Date of joining: 1st May 2004 • In the present team of the European Commission porfolio of the the Commissioner for Science and Technology is held by Dr. Janez Potocnik • Number of Slovene members of the European Pariliament: seven (three women, four men) Photo : European Commission in India • GDP per capita 2004 (PPS): 16400 Prime Minister of India, Dr. Manmohan Singh, External • GDP per capita as % of EU 25 (2004): 77% Affairs Minister, K. Natwar Singh, Minister of Commerce, Kamal Nath with the European Commission President, Expected Slovenian... Romano Prodi, Prime Minister of Netherlands, Mr. Jan • membership in Schengen: October 2007 Peter Balkenende, High Representative, Javier Solana, Commissioner for Trade, and Foreign • membership in the Economic and Monetary Minister, Bernard Bot at the Hague during the 5th Union (Euro): Slovenia joined the EU-India Summit in November 2004 European Exchange Rate Mechanism, ERM II, on 28 June 2004, and is expected to join considerably strengthened well as depth. The the in 2007 relationships with the US, EU is India’s and ASEAN. Its huge size and biggest partner in • Presidency of the EU: first half of 2008. economic and military clout foreign trade, the • Free movement of workers is not make it the major power in South largest source of implemented among all EU members. Asia. Peace talks with Pakistan foreign direct Reciprocal transitional periods are in place with will, if successful, bring enormous investments into 12 (old) members out of all 25 countries. In benefit to the whole region. The India and one of its these cases free movement can only take place EU has welcomed the starting of most important after 2-5 years or after a maximum of 7 years. the bus service between Sringar partners, in”, the and Muzaffarabad as a step in the area of development and As consequence of the right direction. India’s economic economic cooperation. acknowledgment of each other’s growth has been impressive since strategic importance, the EU and 1991, the year India embarked Cooperation between the India have recently undertaken a upon its reforms programme, and European Union and India has fundamental rethink of our the economy has benefited greatly always been good, but for many relationship. Following a from market-oriented and open years the full potential of our significant intensification of policies. India like Europe is also relations remained untapped. relations with the first EU-India a country of great ethnic, religious Now, however, EU - India ties are Summit in 2000, the Commission and cultural diversity - a heritage entering a new era, as our issued a Communication on “ED- which we all cherish. relationship has developed exponentially in terms of shared India Strategic Partnership” in It is but natural that a strong vision, goals, challenges and June 2004 which outlined our partnership between the EU and achievements. ideas and proposals to upscale India is in the mutual interest of our relationship. The both EU and India, as well as the The ties between India and the EU Communication proposed world at large. stretch back millennia having upgrading the relations between many common denominators: EU and India on the same India was amongst the first champions of democracy and the strategic level as our partnerships developing nations to establish rule of law, important actors on with Canada, China, Russia and diplomatic relations with then six- the world stage, regional leaders the US. member EEC. As the EEC has and important economic partners, evolved into the EU and grown both share a common linguistic The new strategy will be guided from 6 to 25 member states, its heritage and our societies are by the objectives of promoting relationship with India too has rooted in the same set of shared peace, stability and democracy, matured and grown in breadth as values and beliefs. of co-operating on fighting

Slovenia in Focus 18 SPECIAL WRITE-UP Photo : European Commission in India

The staff of the European Commission Delegation in India represents the cultural and linguistic diversity that’s characteristic of both the EU and India poverty, inequality and social collaborators in global political, and encouraged. exclusion, and on enhancing economic and social develo- economic interaction and pments. Concrete issues will range Given the many similarities that securing a sustainable from strengthened co-operation unite them, such as their development. at the UN level to policy dialogue democratic systems, multicultural in industrial policy, cooperation diversity and decentralised The starting point is that a new in sectors such as information structures, the EU and India will strategy for the Union’s relations technology, biotechnology or continue to have ever more with India shall be a partnership space, and enhanced ‘mutual reasons to develop strong policy based on equality and trust and understanding’ through cultural dialogues on themes of common guided by the following principles and civil society initiatives. interest in the future and within and objectives: the framework of a common • in agreement with EU policies, This strategy therefore identifies commitment to sustainable to support Indian policies that the key challenges and development. opportunities for EU-India promote peace, stability, The European Union is fully democracy, human rights, rule relations in the coming years and against that background committed to seeing serious of law and good governance, progress in its relations with India in its region and world-wide; examines, sector by sector, how the current activities can be in the coming months and years, • to co-operate at home and not only because it believes that world wide with India on streamlined and new actions launched with a view to building we would both reap enormous fighting poverty, inequality rewards from exploiting our and social exclusion and on ever more effective strategic alliances. potential, but also because the sustainable development, whole world stands to gain from environment protection, and We should strengthen our our increased cooperation. At a climate change; cooperation in the fields of conflict time when the world faces • to enhance economic management and reconstruction, complex and shifting threats and interaction between’ the EU the fight against terrorism and the challenges, EU and India and India and secure together proliferation of weapons of mass represent forces for promoting a srengthened economic order. destruction. We are both peace, stability and democracy. The central theme of the Action interested in the promotion of A Strategic Partnership between Plan is to define concrete areas regional stability, and the thawing India and the EU is not only a where the EU and India should of relations between India and logical step but also a highly become active and influential Pakistan is particularly welcomed desirable opportunity.

in Focus 19 Slovenia SLOVENIAN WRITER

Eternal Contradiction and Mystery A Personal Discovery of India By Evald Flisar

y fascination with India now of interest to India! At a country unlike any other, and began in 1974, when (as stroke, the country (which had during my seven visits (which Ma young backpacker initiated some of my most impo- amount to two years of my life) I living on next to nothing) I spent rtant personal transformations) had discovered an area not of three months travelling around it was demystified. darkness, as V. S. Naipaul saw it, on my overland journey from but of almost magical light, of Australia to Europe. It culminated I realised that India, in spite of eternal contradiction and in 2001, when, during the staging remaining a bottomless fountain mystery. of my play The Eleventh Planet, I of history, art, wisdom and Although I am no longer the was put up by the hosts, philosophy, was also a modern youthfully naive traveller that I Ganakrishti Theatre Company, at country with which it was possible was during my first visit, but the Grand Oberoi in Kolkata, to deal on the level of cultural, (thanks largely to my Indian where journalists queued in the commercial, political or any other guru!) the possessor of a healthy lobby to interview me. exchange. This is of course more dose of skepticism, each new than obvious, but it took me a journey to India, either to meet That was a turning point in my quarter of century to fuse the friends and publishers or to find feelings about the country that I many aspects of India into a yet another cure for my restless had come to regard as my spiritual vaguely realistic perception. soul, will, I am sure, remain as homeland. Suddenly India was no rewarding and thrilling as any longer only of interest to me, I was Even so, for me, India remains a before.

Evald Flisar (b. 1945) is a leading Slovenian attitudes to life and ways of thinking. ‘Going away novelist and playwright. He was President of with the Wild Tiger’ is an adventure story, Slovene Writers’ Association and is editor-in- ‘Bildungsroman’ and a psychological and chief of the literary magazine Sodobnost philosophical journey to the limits of the human (Contemporary Review). mind.

Flisar has created a distinctive genre of Flisar has spent long periods in India and written autobiographical novels based on journeys made several other novels and travelogues about the to over eighty countries. area. Ganakristhi Theatre in Kolkata staged his play ‘The Eleventh Planet’. His drama ‘What His most popular work is the novel ‘Going away about Leonardo’ and short stories have been with the Wild Tiger’ (original title ‘The Sorcerer’s published in Bengali, Marathi and Hindi. In 2000, Apprentice’). The principal character in the novel, Slovenia’s national TV showed a seven-part series a Central-European intellectual, leaves for India based on his novel “A Journey Too Far”, with the to meet the old hermit Yogananda in order to get Indian actress Sumitra Bhagat in the main role. his life back on an even keel. Encounter between the hero and Yogananda evolves into a The Author is a Slovene novelist, playwright and tempestuous struggle between two different wanderer.

Slovenia in Focus 20

ECONOMY REVIEW

Slovenia - Springboard to the EU and South-East Europe By Nataša Mrak, Area Manager Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Slovenia International Co-operation Department

lovenia is a part of Central Europe and thus a springboard to the • UNEMPLOYMENT. The EU as well as to the Balkans. Slovenia became a full member of unemployment according to SEU in May 1, 2004. On the other hand, Slovenia is a pillar of the ILO standards was 6.3 %, peace and stability in the Balkans. As a part of the former common which is below the EU state, we speak the languages of the region of former Yugoslavia; we average. have an insider position, know the mentality and also how to do business with them. Our relationships and business contacts are well The GDP structure continues to established throughout Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and change. This is reflected Macedonia, as well as Serbia and Montenegro and Kosovo. particularly in the expansion of the service sector, which currently 1.1. Macroeconomic indicators for the year 2004 represents 61.5 % of GDP. The manufacturing sector contributes GDP at current prices, billion 24.6 30 %, the construction 5.5 % and GDP growth rate, in % 4.6 the agricultural sector 3 % to the total structure of GDP. GDP per capita, at current prices, 12,977 Today the main manufacturing GDP per capita at PPS 16,400 activities in Slovenia are: metals • as % of EU-15 average 71 and metal products, electrical and optical equipment, chemicals, • as % of EU-25 average (, October 2004) 77 food, beverages and tobacco, Exports, as % of GDP 57 machinery and equipment. Exports of goods and services, billion 15.5 In 2004 we did business with more Imports of goods and services, billion 15.6 than 200 countries all over the world. Our principal trade , annual average rate, in % 3.6 partners are Germany, Italy, Unemployment rate, ILO definition, in % 6.3 France, Austria and Croatia. The export of goods to the European (Source: (Economic Outlook and Policy Services CCI Slovenia) Union countries amounted to 66 % of the total, whilst the share of According to macroeconomic indicators we are ranked among the imports was 78%. most successful countries in transition.

• GDP. The annual GDP growth rate in real terms was 4.6 %. GDP 1.2. Prosperous industrial per capita at purchasing power standards (PPS) was 16,400, that sectors was 71% of average in the old EU members states and 77% of all 25 EU member states. 1.2.1. Chemicals & pharmaceuticals • TRADE. We exported goods and services in the value of Euro 15.5 billion, while the imports amounted to Euro 15.6 billion. The real • Slovenia’s most successful export growth, compared to the year 2003, was 3.6% and the real companies – pharmaceuticals import growth was 6.3%. The current account of our balance of • Excellent network of offices payments was balanced. and subsidiaries abroad • INFLATION. The inflation rate in 2004 amounted to 3.6% and has • Internationalisation - outward been decreasing in the last 14 years. and inward investments

Slovenia in Focus 22 ECONOMY REVIEW

• Investing heavily in R & D and also 20% of foreign direct including former Yugoslavia. One investments is placed in this of the reasons for success is off Key products: sector. course high level of investment in • Pharmaceutical products research and development. In general, the most successful • Coatings, paints and varnishes Slovenian companies are based The main products, also present • Tyres and other rubber in this sector – especially in the in exports, are pharmaceuticals, products field of pharmaceuticals. Typical paints, tyres, basic chemicals, • Basic chemicals is very well developed network of plastic products and man-made • Plastic products offices and subsidiaries abroad. fibres. • Fibres As said, Slovenian chemical and 1.2.2. Electrical and Let’s start with the chemical and rubber industry is quite pharmaceuticals industry, internationalised, not only in electronic equipment reinforced by rubber and plastics terms of foreign trade and inward • Long tradition - key it represents 4,5 % of the entire investments but also in terms of competences in R & D, Slovenian GDP and 21 % of value outward FDIs. Companies have production added in manufacturing established their own production • Well established in European industries. 20% of Slovenian units in Romania, Poland, Russian exports is related to that industries Federation and other courtiers, markets and overseas • Internationalisation: outward and inward investments RATINGS FOR SLOVENIA • Experience in value added- Moody’s Aa3 foreign currency debt supply chain industry S&P A+ long-term foreign currency rating AA long-term local currency Main fields of activity - key A-1+ short-term foreign currency products: A-1 plus short term local currency • Household appliances FITCH IBCA AA- long term foreign currency • Electronic and electro- AA+ for total debt issues mechanical components F1 short-term foreign currency Dun & Bradstreet DB2c country risk indicator • Electrical motors, transformers Thomson • Telecommunications Financial equipment BankWatch A sovereign risk rating • Electricity power meters • Electrical and electronic GDP Growth (in percent) components for automotive 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 industry

3.6 4.8 3.6 5.6 3.9 2.7 3.4 2.3 3.6 3.7 20% of Slovenian exports go to Source: Statistical Office of Slovenia (www.sigv.si/zrs/1. Institute of Macroeconomic electronics and electrical Analysis and Development (www.sigov.si/zmar/) engineering industry. * forecast Characteristic for the industry is long tradition which was not triggered or “inserted” by foreign investors, but was instead generated domestically. This tradition qualifies the industry to have key competences in R&D and production. Therefore, the industry is very well established in European markets and also overseas. This is also reflected in level of outward investments. Not only representative offices but also production units are

in Focus 23 Slovenia ECONOMY REVIEW

In 1990’s they adopted their production to western European markets, technical regulations and environmental standards. A The Slovenian metal processing industry has been facing prosperity again from the year 1995 on. Photo: Dragan Arrigler This industry is especially competitive in market niches such as special machinery and metal products. The flexible production enables them to meet special requirements and demands. Due to high quality professional staff the industry can act as a development-intensive supplier to the leading EU and world automobile industry companies, machine building and construction. The World Trade Center building. Panorama of the new business and trade centre built in modern styles. There are 3 main industries included in metal processing organized in former Yugoslavia, Main fields of activity - key activities: metalworking – Czech republic, , Poland, products: meaning manufacturing of metal Belarus, Russian Federation, USA, • manufacturing of metal products, the manufacturing of China, India, even Ecuador and products (non-electrical) machinery and equipment and manufacturing of Iran. It’s quite clear that industry • manufacturing of (non- transport equipment or better has experience in value added- electrical) machinery and supply chains and can provide vehicle components. equipment “blue-print” solutions - tailor 1.2.3.1. Automotive Cluster of made for specific users. Being in • manufacturing of transport Slovenia - ACS such a good shape, the industry equipment (vehicle • Long tradition: attracts considerable interest of components) foreign investors, such as The economic activity which - end of 18th century – first Siemens, Danfoss and others. makes up to a quarter of exports auto repair shop of entire Slovenian industry is - 1906 - serial car production The major groups of products are metal processing industry. The at (Janez Puh – Daimler- electrical household appliances average share of exports in its Chrysler-PUCH) which represent 42% of entire total sales amounts to 62%. The industry’s exports. The production - between the wars – bus most important export markets of of components, motors, production the metal processing industry are transformers, telecommunication - after the 2nd war – truck, Germany, France, Italy and equipment and electric power bus and car production Austria, followed by Croatia, meters is also of great importance (TAM, IMV-Renault) Spain, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the Slovenian manufacturing Serbia & Montenegro, Poland, • 80% of sales in European sector. Great Britain, Hungary, Russia, markets and overseas 1.2.3. Metal Processing and Czech Republic. • Internationalisation, R&D (2,000 researchers) • Long tradition The metal industry experienced its • Well-established in European greatest development in the Main fields of activity - key markets and overseas 1960’s and 1970’s and suffered a products: • Internationalisation: outwards lot after the break-up of the • Automobile seats and parts and inwards investments traditional Yugoslavian markets. thereof, internal furnishing

Slovenia in Focus 24 ECONOMY REVIEW

• Car body parts SLOVENIA – INDIA • Mechanical and electric/ EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA electronic components for 000 USD engines • Technologies (new materials Year Exports Imports Total and procedures, robotisation 1992 3,903 7,680 11,583 mechatronics, microelect- 1993 4,585 9,130 13,716 ronic) 1994 7,068 10,824 17,892 Interests of Slovenian automotive supplier industry are represented 1995 11,511 16,667 28,178 by the association of automotive 1996 11,261 15,448 26,709 suppliers and motor vehicles 1997 10,810 17,890 28,700 manufacturers – the Automotive Cluster of Slovenia. The cluster 1998 10,683 19,350 30,033 was established in 2001 by 12 1999 9,223 21,235 30,458 members and today operates as 2000 16,611 22,426 39,037 an open network of 54 members including seven faculties and R&D 2001 14,929 30,601 45,529 institutions. By establishing of the 2002 17,971 31,857 49,827 “Polycentric Technology Centre”, 2003 28,143 44,492 72,635 the cluster aims to become an innovative association involved 2004 21,403 67,944 89,346 in global research and Exports development. Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 The tradition of the industry goes Ratio In % /* 80.1 -10.1 20.4 56.6 -24.0 way back to the end of 18th Share (%) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 century when first cars were Rank 35 39 39 34 49 driven in Ljubljana and first auto Imports repair shop opened. The serial Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 production of cars began already Ratio In % /* 5.6 36.5 4.1 39.7 52.7 in 1906 by engineer Janez Puh, Share (%) 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 whose surname is still kept in Rank 37 36 37 34 34 famous Austrian car production */ compared with the previous period factory (Daimler-Chrysler-Puch). Large bus and truck production also took place very early. Major Products In Exchange Although those productions were Exports From Slovenia: Period: I-XII 2004 abolished during transition Group of Products 000 USD Share % period, the production of Renault cars which started in early 1960s heterocyclic compounds and was taken over by French in newsprint, i n rolls or sheets 1970s, remained. Today REVOZ- Renault is the biggest Slovenian other bars and rods of other alloy exporter and importer. paper and paperboard 80% of sales, which is 1,5 billion parts of footwear , is directed to exports. other plates, sheets of plastics Typical is high level of medicaments internationalisation with both, inward and outward investments antibiotics and orientation towards research el. apparatus for switching or protect. and development – 2000 flat-rolled prod., other alloy steel employees out of 17,000 are registered researches. TOTAL (first 10): 15,348 71.7

in Focus 25 Slovenia ECONOMY REVIEW

MAJOR PRODUCTS IN EXCHANGE software, information technology Imports To Slovenia services and telecommunication Period: I-XII 2004 services. Slovenian ICT companies are mostly service Group of Products 000 USD Share % providers, with the strongest sector being telecommunications. Heterocyclic compounds Just for additional information, Ferro-alloys Slovenia is the country with one Cotton yarn of the highest mobile phone Antibiotics penetration worldwide – it’s 93 %. Other heterocyclic compounds Bed linen, table linen, toilet linen The overview of bilateral trade Coffee between India and Slovenia Amine-function compounds Electrical transformers Exports from Slovenia to India Heterocyclic compounds were valued at US$ 21 million in TOTAL (first 10): 45,025 66.3 2004, whilst imports were valued at US$ 68 million. The total volume of trade increased by The main activities of the exports 14.9 %, ICT imports almost 8 times in the last 12 years members of the cluster are 11.1 %. and amounted to US$ 89 million production of automobile seats, in the year 2004. car body parts and mechanical, Main Fields Of Activity China is ranked as Slovenia’s 49th electrical and electronic (Mostly Services): biggest exports market with 0.1% components for engines. We share and as our 34th biggest could also say that cluster is • hardware, office equipment imports supplier with 0.4% share. “producing” new technologies, for • software example in area of robotisation, • IT services MAJOR EXPORTERS (I-XII microelectronics and • telecommunications (terminal 2004): mechatronics components. The equipment, networks) term mechatronics describes 1. LEK D.D., LJUBLJANA ICT – Information and Comm- joints or compounds of metals, 2. SZ-METAL RAVNE D.O.O., unication Technologies is a other materials, electronics and relatively new economic branch, RAVNE NA KOROŠKEM informational technologies. characterised by intensive 3. VIPAP VIDEM D.D., KRŠKO 4. LEK D.D.** The main markets of the Slovenian development. Companies automotive suppliers industry are belonging to this activity come 5. RADE E PAPIR D.D., Germany, France, Italy, Austria, from different fields. In respect of RADE E United Kingdom and USA. Also ICT Slovenia qualifies as one of 6. PGP D.O.O., TRZI the list of customers from more highly developed countries. 7. PLAMA-PUR D.D., mentioned countries is impressive In Slovenia there are more than PODGRAD - such as VW, BMW, Daimler 2000 ICT companies registered 8. SAVATECH D.O.O., KRANJ Chrysler, Opel, Audi, MAN, Ford, and 2% of active population is 9. ISKRAEMECO D.D., KRANJ PSA, Renault, Fiat, Magna Steyer involved in the activity. The last 10.ETI D.D., IZLAKE and so on. available data show, that the **/Company has changed a registration Slovenian ICT market is growing number in the year 2004. 1.2.4. Information and in all respects faster than the communication technology - average, also in terms of MAJOR IMPORTERS (I-XII ICT employment and value added. 2004): Share of the ICT sector in the • More than 2000 registered ICT 1. D.D., NOVO MESTO added value in year 2003 was companies 2. LEK D.D., LJUBLJANA surpassing 5 %. • 11,000 employees: 2 % of 3. LEK D.D. Slovenia’s active population The sector can roughly be divided 4. SZ ACRONI D.O.O., JESENICE • Annual growth (1995 – 2002): into production and selling of 5. SZ-METAL RAVNE D.O.O., ICT market 13.3 %, ICT hardware, office equipment, RAVNE NA KOROŠKEM

Slovenia in Focus 26 ECONOMY REVIEW

Government as well as with the Exports from Slovenia to India were valued at US$ 21 million in . 2004, whilst imports were valued at US$ 68 million. The total The Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Slovenia is an volume of trade increased by almost 8 times in the last 12 years Associated Member of the European Association of and amounted to US$ 89 million in the year 2004. Chambers of Commerce – Eurochambres and of the International Chamber of 6. MTT TEKSTIL D.O.O., • Trade and investment Commerce - ICC. It has signed MARIBOR promotion through: Co-operation Agreements with 7. TOSAMA D.D., DOMZALE - trade fair participation, 105 partner institutions from 45 8. SPORTINA D.O.O., LESCE organisation of trade missions countries, among them FICCI 9. KOVINTRADE D.D., CELJE and business contacts New Delhi, IMC Mumbai, 10.DROGA D.D., IZOLA - promotion of foreign direct National Centre for Trade investment; Information (NCTI) New Delhi, The Chamber of Commerce - in addition the CCI Slovenia five Business Councils, including and Industry of Slovenia issues: Indian-Slovenian JBC, - trade documents: Certificates coordinated by FICCI and CCI of The Chamber of Commerce and Slovenia and four Mixed of Origin, ATA-Carnets, Industry of Slovenia (CCI Chambers have been established licences, etc. Slovenia) is an independent and with foreign partner institutions. - publications and promotional professional association of all Our chamber’s representatives materials Slovenian enterprises. Based on are also active in Joint Committees public law the membership is • Advisory services in the field on the Economic Co-operation. compulsory. of: The CCI Slovenia has The primary tasks of the Chamber - corporate legislation Representative Offices in the of Commerce and Industry of - labour /industrial relations and territory of former Yugoslavia, Slovenia are to: collective agreements namely in Belgrade, Sarajevo and - international economic co- Priština and one trade • Represent member companies operation representative in Moscow. and look after their vital - EU legislative framework and The CCI Slovenia is also one of interests. practice the founding members of the • Provide expert information - technological development Slovenian Business & Research and professional support. and environmental protection Association in Brussels - SBRA. • Serve the community by - quality assurance and control SBRA is an international non- performing other tasks - economic system and policy profit organization seeking to act entrusted to it by government. • Education and training: as a “bridge” between the business and research Fields of business activity: • The Court of Honour • The Permanent Court of communities in Slovenia and the • Expertise in: Arbitration EU institutions and other public and private bodies at EU level. - foreign trade policies and The CCI Slovenia is also an procedures important social partner and the - business environment and signatory of the Collective Wage Contact details: current economic policy Agreement together with the trade Chamber of Commerce and - global economic trends unions and the Government. Industry of Slovenia Dimi eva 13, SI-1504 Ljubljana - compilation and dissemination The CCI Slovenia is divided into Republic of Slovenia of statistical data and 13 regional chambers, has 250 Tel.: + 386 1 5898 000 information employees – out of them 170 with Fax: + 386 1 5898 100, + 386 1 5898 200 - identifying business university degree. Through 26 E-mail: [email protected] opportunities and making branch associations we cover all http://www.gzs.si/eng/ (English contacts sectors of the economy. We have version) http://www.sloveniapartner.com - market data and research open relations with the

in Focus 27 Slovenia CULTURE

Bridges from Karantania* to Koromandia, Developing Cultural Ties with India

Photo: Deepak Kapoor By Bogdan Bati

“Ljudstvo pravi, da je Indija Koromandija 99. dezela in sicer pod nami. Rodovitna in lepa dezela je to, v njej se cedita mleko in med, ali krog in krog je z morjem obdana. V Indiji Koromandiji je le malo ljudi in zivé med seboj kakor bratje. Ker pa tam delati ni treba, zato se prebivalci te dezele le kratko asijo. V Indiji Koromandiji je ve na pomlad in jesen, ker tam ima drevje cvetje in sadje obenem..., da se veje šibijo in je drevje nizko, da ni treba nanj plezati.” staro ustno izro ilo iz goriške okolice (zapis iz l. 1869) Old people say that India Koromandia is the 99th province, to the south of us. The lotus land is fertile and beautiful, surrounded by the oceans. In Koromandia there are few people and they live in peace like brothers. The county boasts eternal spring and summer - trees are in bloom and full of fruits at the same time..., the branches bend under the load so one does not need to climb them. ancient story told by the people in Slovenia, first recorded in 1869**

lovenes have been described her impressions of longer. Translations from the composing folk songs and Kolkata, Benares, Agra and New Sanskrit treasure chest of S stories about India since Delhi. More than twenty Slovene philosophy and literature are long ago. The social Utopia of missionaries worked in West being done by professors of India Koromandia is very well Bengal in the first half of 20th Sanskrit at the University of present in the collective memory century. Ljubljana, like Vlasta Pacheiner of Slovenes. ‘Koromandia’ comes Klander. Ivan Skušek and No losses in translation from the Koromandel Coast in Silvestra Rogelj Petri brought the South India where St. Thomas Prešeren’s poetry was translated colours of Indian and Ladakh preached Christianity. to Hindi in 1957. More recently, fairytales to Slovene children. The Evald Flisar’s dramas and short titles of renowned Indian writers The first recorded Slovene visitor stories were translated to Bengali, have been translated from to India was Odorik Matjúc from Hindi and Marathi. Marija Sreš English. Pordenone in 1321, followed by received the prize of Gujarat other missionaries, researchers Sahitya Akademi in 1994 for the Slovene jazz and world music and discoverers. Franc Gallenfells Gujarati edition of her short stories bands record their CDs in India from Bled was in charge of ‘To Survive and to Prevail: Stories and perform independently or Portuguese outposts on the of the Tribal Women of within the framework of EU Malabar Coast. Alma Karlin from Sabarkantha’. Cultural weeks. In 2005, Slovenia Celje, probably the first Slovene is preparing a major event in lady to have travelled around the The list of translations from Indian Delhi to celebrate the EU-India world on her own in 1927, languages to Slovene is much Summit. Slovene artists have co-

Slovenia in Focus 28 CULTURE

operated in multimedia projects programme. Both students and retrospective took part in the 2004 in Delhi, Bangalore and the professors of Sanskrit in Slovenia Izola, Slovenia Film Festival. In Barefoot University in Gujarat. In are eager to participate in the meanwhile, a Bollywood May 2005 the National international exchanges with movie remains to be shot in Geographic photographer Arne Indian universities. Slovene Alps. Hodali opened his exhibition The The Agreement on Co-operation The author is Second Secretary Colours of India in Ljubljana. in Culture, Arts, Education, Sport at the Embassy of the Republic Indian classical music and dance and Media was signed in 1996, of Slovenia, New Delhi artists are regular guests in the and the current Programme of cultural centres of Slovenia. Cultural Exchange is being *Karantania (also Korotan, Carinthia) was the first organised state formation Sanskrit comparative studies were finalised in 2005. of Slavs in the Eastern Alps from 6th popular in Slovenia in the 19th Since the opening of the Embassy to 9th century A.D. century and Indology has been a in New Delhi, Slovenia regularly **The historical part of the article is part of the curricula at the participated at the EU film based on the book by. Dr. Zmago since its Šmitek: Klic daljnih svetov. Slovenci festival and the annual Central in neevropske kulture, The Calling of opening in 1919. In 2005 there are European film festival in New Distant Worlds, Slovenes and non- 56 students taking part in the Delhi. An Indian cinema European Cultures, 1986

The Photographs of Arne Hodalic

Arne Hodali is a world renowned Slovenian photographer, who has published his work in all major Slovenian and international newspapers and magazines.

These photos were on display in Ljubljana, the Slovenian capital in early 2005 under the title The Colours of India.

These shots were taken with Nikon cameras and lenses during his last visit to India. According to his own words the most important thing in photography is light, which is perhaps even more important than the motif.

Source: Sinfo, April 2005

Photo: Manca Juvan

TOURISM

Invigorating Landscape

Logarska dolina - The valley of Logarska in the Kamnik- Alps is one of the most beautiful and peaceful glacial valleys in Europe. Photo: Igor Maher Protected since 1987.

Slovenia is diverse, green, dynamic and challenging. It is safe, accessible and traditionally hospitable. Slovenia sees its main advantages as a tourist destination in the fact that it offers active, relaxing and healthy holidays in a well-cared environment.

Slovenia - between the Alps larger than 2003 (2.3 million organised more than 20 travel and the Adriatic tourists). The number of foreign organisers’ visits and the visits of visitors’ overnight stays increased 340 foreign journalists from 22 Slovenia with its favourable by 4 per cent as well (4.3 million countries. geographic position and a variety overnight stays). of unspoilt natural environments (coastal region, the Karst, Alpine In 2005, the year of the hundredth region, Pannonian lowlands etc.) The year 2004 was one of the most anniversary of organised tourism and with many well preserved and successful years of Slovenian in Slovenia and the tenth interesting cultural heritage sights tourism, as the Slovenian Tourist anniversary of the establishment (ancient towns, castles and Board (STB) carried out a vast of the National Tourist Board, the churches, numerous museums programme of activities. In 2004, STB will respond to the increasing and galleries etc.) has best the STB engaged in a co-ordinated demand for Slovenia as an possibilities for successful promotional campaign of market attractive destination with development of all kinds of communication “Slovenia numerous activities. The STB are tourism. Invigorates”, updated and planning 48 public and trade fair renewed the official Slovenian performances and more than 10 Tourism represents one of the tourist information portal with the workshops. The STB is preparing main areas of great opportunity new web domain a strategy for the development of for Slovenia’s economy, creating www.slovenia.info, successfully the unique product of oenology an additional foreign market for developed partnerships (with key and gastronomy (and within its the sale of Slovenian products and partners executed 21 partnership framework a catalogue of services. activities in perspective markets), Culinary Offer and Wines). The The year 2004 was a record year and started activities to establish STB will also execute a strategy for Slovenian tourism. The a strategy to develop biking and for the tourist product of biking number of visitors who came to a strategy to develop hiking. The (including the preparation of Slovenia increased by 9 per cent STB participated at 41 public and standards of biking services), and (on just under 1.5 million arrivals), trade fair performances, carried the STB will expand the offers and the total visit was 4 per cent out 12 workshops abroad, and available to airline guests.

Slovenia in Focus 32 T OURISM

It is particularly famous for its unique flora and fauna (including chamois, mountain goats and eagles). The Park also contains the largest lake in Slovenia, . At the edge of the Park lies Bled, the world-famous tourist

Photo: Andrej Jerovšek centre. Bled’s hotels, thermal springs, conference hall, casino, riverbanks. Medieval buildings mirrored in the river. golf course and several other recreational possibilities offer Slovenia has also been voted 165 mountain huts, 7,000 km of something for everyone, even the ‘Favourite European Country’ at safe marked paths, numerous most demanding visitors. The Guardian, The Observer and sports centres and beautiful lakes Health Spas the Guardian Unlimited Travel offer climbing, recreation, and Awards for 2004, an accolade that gliding opportunities. The many Slovenia’s health spas have a recognises the quality of the ski resorts include Kranjska Gora, tradition stretching back holidays experienced by readers one of the venues of the alpine centuries. Fifteen very different and the popularity of the country skiing World Cup, Planica with health spas offering curative, in the UK. This is the first time the largest natural ski-jump in the preventive and holiday that an Adriatic country has won, world, and Kanin, where you can programmes provide different with a satisfaction rating of 95.5%. ski almost until summer, just over ways of enjoying an active an hour from the sea. Below holiday, including recreation and The Coast and the Karst Kanin is the picturesque valley of sport. The spas include: The Slovenian coast comprises the the So a river, the setting for top Zdraviliš e Rogaška Slatina, being medieval towns of Piran, Izola class canoeing and kayaking over 400 years old and boasting and Koper, and the resort of competitions. The river is also the mineral water Donat Mg Portoroz with hotels, a marina, popular with many foreign which, due to its magnesium sports airfield, thermal spas and anglers. content and bacterial purity, is unique in Europe; and Terme a casino, and a wide range of The National Park, Olimia, with its beautiful pool cultural events, entertainment and covering 85 hectares, is one of the complex. The rich tradition of the sport over the summer season. largest natural parks in Europe. thermal baths at Terme Dobrna Further inland lies the Karst region, a paradise for gourmets and for admirers of the beauty of the Karst underworld. There are Useful Phrases note: ‘J’ is pronounced like ‘Y’ in Slovenian around 8,100 underground caves in Slovenia, 25 of them have been Formal greeting------dober dan Hello (informal)------zivijo arranged for sightseeing; the Goodbye ------nasvidenje Škocjan Caves are famous for Have a pleasant journey------prijetno potovanje their extraordinary beauty - since 1986, they have been included What is your name?------Kako vam je ime? among UNESCO’s World My name is... ------Ime mi je... Heritage Sites, the most beautiful Where do you come from? ------Odkod prihajate? and the biggest of them is the From India ------Iz Indije. Cave, a network of 20 kilometres of passages, galleries Thank you ------hvala Please / you are welcome ------prosim and chambers. Excuse me / sorry ------oprostite The Karst is also home to the Yes ------Da Lipizzaner horses. No ------Ne How are you? ------Kako ste? Mountains and Lakes I’m very well, thank you------Zelo dobro, hvala. Cheers (proposing a toast) ------Na zdravje! The mountains of Slovenia, with

in Focus 33 Slovenia TOURISM

Europe, the mountain farms of Koroška, the picturesque flatlands Prekmurje across the Mura river where storks still make their nests on roofs, the ancient forests of Dolenjska, Gorenjska with its mountains, lakes and waterfalls, Bela Krajina with the white water rapids of the Kolpa, Notranjska with its Karst caves and the intermittent , and Photo: Stane Klemenc Primorska with the splendour of 2,864-metre high Triglav is the highest mountain of Slovenia’s Julian Alps. the So a valley and the farms of the Karst - this is the heritage and Zdraviliš e Laško; Zdraviliš e Austrian border, lies the second offered by more than 200 tourist Radenci, whose range of health largest cultural centre in Slovenia, farms in Slovenia. services is complemented by the university town of Maribor Various holiday programmes (some Radenska’s world-famous “Three which is host to a number of events catering just for kids), hiking, Hearts” mineral water; Terme in its museums, galleries and climbing, riding, cycling, boating Ptuj, Terme Lendava, Terme 3000 concert halls. To the southeast of and fishing, combined with Moravske Toplice, Terme Maribor, one finds Ptuj, “a excellent Slovenian wines and the Topolšica and Terme Zre e; treasure house of history” and the delicacies of are Terme atez, offering a wide range oldest town in Slovenia. among the delights the Slovenian of services and the largest year- countryside has to offer to tourists. round thermal river in this part of Other smaller towns such as Europe; Dolenjske Toplice and Škofja Loka, Radovljica, Kamnik, Museums and Galleries Šmarješke Toplice, near the primal Piran and Štanjel are rich in There are around 200 museums and forest of Ko evski , Zdraviliš e medieval beauty and charm. The museum collections in Slovenia. Strunjan on the Slovenian Littoral pulse of modern life beats in Most important are the National and Terme Palace in Portoroz, regional centres such as Celje, Museum, the Ethnographic which use salt water, mud and Kranj, Novo Mesto, Slovenj Museum and the Natural History thermo-mineral water. Gradec, Murska Sobota, Koper Museum. The Museum of with its port, and Nova Gorica on Towns Architecture in Ljubljana displays a the Italian border, the youngest permanent Joze Ple nik collection. Ljubljana, the capital, is the town in Slovenia. All major towns have their own political, cultural and educational Countryside regional museums containing centre of Slovenia. Visitors are containing various archaeological charmed by its rich ancient and Rural tourism is well developed and other collections, and museums medieval heritage and the across the whole of Slovenia, of modern history. Also of interest impressive works of the architect although it has the longest are specialised museums such as Joze Ple nik, who gave the city its tradition in Gorenjska and the National Technical Museum cosmopolitan spirit. In the east of Štajerska. Logarska Dolina, one at Bistra near and the the country, just 18 km from the of the most beautiful valleys in First World War Museum in Kobarid, which won the Council of Europe’s 1993 European Museum of the Year Award for Useful Tourism Websites its innovative design and www.slovenia-tourism.si renovation. www.ljubljana.si Slovenia has many galleries and www.ntz-nta.si - National Tourist Association exhibition venues. The most Cheap air tickets important art institutions are the Ljubljana - London ali Berlin: http://www.easyjet.com/ National Gallery and Modern London Stansted - www.ryanair.com Gallery in Ljubljana and the International Centre of Slovenia’s National Air Carrier : www.adria-airways.com Graphic Art.

Slovenia in Focus 34

TOURISM

Castles and Churches There are approximately 300 castles and manor houses in Slovenia, many containing museums and galleries. Particularly picturesque are Oto ec Castle in the middle of the Krka river and .

Among the most beautifully- preserved castles are , dominating the town’s skyline, , Tabor Castle in

Laško, which hosts prestigious Photo: Kompas Archives cultural events and boasts excellent cuisine, Castle, Bled Traditional customs still have a place in the people’s hearts. Castle, the 12th century Podsreda ski resorts on Kanin are as high as Casinos Castle, Dobrovo Manor in the 2,300 metres and skiing is possible centre of Goriška Brda, and there even in summer. Other popular The range of gaming services available in Slovenia is one of the Bogenšperk Castle, where the resorts are Vogel, Zre e Pohorje, most attractive in Europe. Slovenia polymath Janez Vajkard Valvasor Rogla, Krvavec, the alpine resort of worked in the 17th century. Straza in Bled and the cross- has 12 casinos. Apart from the traditional European gaming, they country skiing centre at Pokljuka also offer American-style gaming Pride of place amongst Slovenian near Bled. monasteries is enjoyed by the 13th combined with high quality hotel, century Cistercian Abbey of Sti na, shopping, recreation and The Adriatic is ideal for swimming the oldest monastery in Slovenia. entertainment services. and windsurfing and there are also Best known is the Carthusian a number of marinas on the coast. The oldest casino is in Portoroz monastery at Pleterje, with its fine Divers can make for the sea and which opened in Villa San Lorenzo library and gallery. Another the lakes, and the So a, Krka and 30 years ago. The casinos in Lipica interesting monastery is Kolpa rivers attract many canoeists Kostanjevica on the Krka which and Bled also have traditions and rafters. There are several since 1961 has hosted the Forma stretching back several decades. Viva international sculpture equestrian clubs around Slovenia. Other casinos can be found in symposium with its permanent Ljubljana, Maribor, Rogaška open-air collection. The country’s well-maintained Slatina, Kranjska Gora and Oto ec. footpaths include mountain paths Among the best known casinos is Sport and Recreation and European trails. Cycling is the Perla Casino in Nova Gorica, a possible almost everywhere. town on the Slovenian-Italian Slovenia has a wide range of well- Mountain rivers, peaceful waters, border, which play host to several managed ski centres and other karst streams, lakes and reservoirs thousand guests a day. The Perla resorts offering opportunities for are a delight for anglers and fly- entertainment centre is the largest active leisure time enjoyment fishers. centre of its type in Europe. It is throughout the year. designed as a tourist complex Slovenia has 8 golf courses, the offering a wide range of services The biggest winter sports centre is oldest being the Bled golf course catering for guests of different tastes Kranjska Gora, with over 30 km of which opened in 1938. There are and requirements. It combines alpine pistes and more than 40 km other attractive golf courses at gaming with hotel, catering, of cross-country ski trails. Another Lipica, Mokrice and Vol ji potok entertainment, sport, shopping, well-known centre is the Maribor Arboretum. The new Slovenian golf recreation and tourist services. To Pohorje near Maribor, which every courses can be found at the date, Perla has been visited by over year stages World Cup competitions Moravske toplice health spa, Terme a million guests from Italy, and boasts 60 km of ski slopes and Olimia, Slovenske Konjice and in Austria, Hungary, Germany and 25 km of cross-country trails. The Ptuj. elsewhere.

Slovenia in Focus 36 Fairs in CELJE SLOVENIA

2005 38th ITF (MOS) International Trade Fair (largest fair 07-14 September and business event in Slovenia) 9th Winter Ski Fair 17-18 November 2006 8th Fair DOMOFIN Construction and finishing construction works) 23-26 March 11th Fair Flora (Gardening, floristry and landscape architecture) 23-26 March 5th Fair Wedding 23-26 March 29th Apiculture Seminar Equipment and materials for beekeepers, honey 25-26 March with Exhibition 15th Fair Car and Auto Service and repair industry, cars 06-09 April Maintenance 7th Moto Boom Fair Motorcycles and equipment for motorcyclists 06-09 April 5th Exhibition of Utility 06-09 April Vehicles 6th Fair Logotrans Logistics and transportation 06-09 April 13th Energetics Fair Energetics, energetical sources, 16-19 May economical use of energy 12th Terotech Fair Maintenance, Cleaning, Environment 16-19 May Protection and building renovation 2nd Welding and 16-19 May Cutting Fair 6th New Look Fair* Hairdressing and cosmetics 03-04 June 2nd Fair Al Termed Alternative Medicine, Herbalism 10-11 June Healthy Nutrition and Spirituality 39th (MOS) International Largest Fair and Business Event in Slovenia 18-20 September Trade Fair 10th Winter SKI Fair 23-26 November * Co-organiser is Hair Fashion Magazine

For more Information Contact:

NOBLE TRAVELS (Representative-India of ‘Celje-Sejem-Slovenia’) Tel: 91-11-25749844 / 2573 8790 Mobile: 9810172913 Email: [email protected]

Mr. Prit P. S. Saini Director (Business Development) DIPLOMACY

International Center for Promotion of

Dr. Benjamin Lukman Mr. V.K. Mutreja Director General Enterprises (ICPE) Deputy Director General

he International Center for countries. Important highlights of Petroleum Management Promotion of Enterprises its past activities include: (IIPM), India and the (ICPE) is a premier Faculty of Economics, T • Organisation of numerous international organization set up University of Ljubljana, in Ljubljana, Slovenia. ICPE is an international events (regional Slovenia; intergovernmental organization and interregional policy level conferences, expert group - Tailor-made 3-9 months of 19 member countries from programs for executives Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin meetings, seminars and workshops) with the combined and officials of Mongolia, America and is devoted to Uganda, Namibia, Guyana; management and enterprise participation of approximately development in both public and 6,500 delegates from 87 - Off-site management dev- private sectors in developing countries and in cooperation elopment and trainers’ countries and countries in with UNDP, the EDI of the programs, in over 20 transition, for the purpose of , UNIDO, ILO, countries; fostering their economic EU, and other international • Over 30 OPTIMA (Optimal development in the regional and and national organizations/ institutions. Performance Through Internal global context. Formerly known Management Action) consult- as International Center for Public • Implementation of research ancies in 12 developing cou- Enterprises in Developing projects and training programs ntries including India, Ethi- Countries, ICPE was founded in in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin opia, Jamaica, Sri Lanka, 1974, on the initiative of the UN America and the Caribbean on Nepal and other countries. as an intergovernmental various social-economic organization of developing aspects and enterprises • Over 70 publications (books, countries for improving the management; monographs and manage- performance of their public ment guides including the enterprises as strategic • Carrying out a number of quarterly journal Public instruments of economic and management development Enterprise) - some of them social development. India is one programs, such as: have become basic reference documents in the public of the founder members of the - Fifteen batches of one-year enterprise policy and Center. international MBA degree management area. programs (with a total ICPE works in close cooperation participation of over 500 with national and international • Information Society activities executives from 42 organizations such as EU, for Central and Eastern countries); UNIDO, UNDP, ILO, CFTC, etc., European countries. towards fulfillment of its - Six batches of split-location ICPE carries out its research, objectives. In its nearly three MBA in Petroleum training and consulting activities decades of operations, the ICPE Management (PM-MBA) in by undertaking projects and has contributed significantly to Gurgaon, India, in assignments in the areas relevant the development of knowledge collaboration with the to the current economic and and experience in the developing Indianoil Institute of social environments of the

Slovenia in Focus 38 DIPLOMACY

developing countries and Information Technology countries in transition. In and Information that regard, aiming to meet Service: ICPE in its work the current and future programme is particularly needs of practitioners focused on the problems of responsible for formulating digital and information policies and programs in literacy divide in the world. the areas of management It regularly undertakes and administration of programs on promotion of economic and industrial information literacy and is development, the current in the process of setting up activities of ICPE relate to: an International Clearing House on Information Human Resource Literacy and Life Long Development Learning with support of The ICPE designs, develops UNESCO. It has launched and imparts a variety of tailor- Enterprises; Public Policy and projects on survey of information made and standardised programs Management for executives from literacy initiatives and to meet the requirements of the Government, public service programmes in CEI (Central managers and administrators, organizations, senior public sector European Initiatives) and South who hold responsibility in managers; and Project East European countries and on government and business to be Management; etc. More than 200 improving information literacy able to shoulder obligations in the executives from the Government competencies in developing reforming environments. These and Public Sector organisations countries as a precondition for programs, offered to civil in India have participated in these their improved participation in servants, executives, managers programs. global governance. and entrepreneurs in the public Slovenia’s accession to the EU and private sectors, are developed Enterprise Development: The has placed ICPE in a different in cooperation with partner ongoing activities in this area political and strategic organisations and international include projects on Public Private environment which, in its turn, has experts and are held both at ICPE Partnership (PPP) and opened up various opportunities headquarters at Ljubljana and at Entrepreneurship Development, for this institution to undertake other locations. including Franchising Development, Programmes for new tasks in accordance with the Presently, ICPE conducts a Innovative Female founders, interests of Slovenia in the regular one-year Executive MBA Training of New Self-Employed European context, including the program with the following areas Persons, etc. ICPE is working proposed establishment of links of specialization: General closely with the Ministries of the and synergies between the EU and Management; Total Quality Government of India; All India the countries of South Asia, South Management; Sustainable Management Association; Eastern Europe as well as among Development Management; Management Development the countries of Middle East, Public Policy Management; and Institute, Gurgaon; for Africa and Latin America. ICPE, Petroleum Management. The undertaking research studies in with its membership base spread Center maintains close contact the area of PPP and Franchising. in Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin with the Government of India and America, is well positioned and leading institutions including Sustainable Development: has aligned its program SCOPE; National Institute of The projects in this field include orientation for strengthening of Financial Management, Territory Management, international cooperation through Faridabad; Indian Institute of Landscape and Heritage; and regional linkages and networking Public Administration, New Delhi; Integrated Coastal Area that will enable it to play a greater and Management Development Management. The objective of this role in promoting and supporting Institute, Gurgaon; in undertaking programme area is to assist in the development programs of its need based short term programs policy formulation and to train member countries on a bilateral which inter-alia include: respective officials in the issues basis and act as a bridge between Advanced Management Program of sustainable development on the European and global for senior executives of Public the local and national levels. programs of cooperation.

in Focus 39 Slovenia HISTORY

From Commander to Diplomatist The Career of Franc G. Gallenfels on the Malabar Coast in the 18th Century By Dr. Zmago Šmitek

urope in the 18th century It was a relatively small and weak was familiar enough with fort. It was constructed mostly of Ethe basic geographical wood, with a palisade which outlines of the Indian surrounded a settlement of huts subcontinent, but the information and storage houses in a circle with it had about the people, cultures a diameter of about 1200 meters. and especially the religions of this It was manned by two hundred vast part of Asia was more Indian soldiers. difficult to understand. The Despite the unhealthy jungle reports of European travelers, was born on 11 February 1680 in environment and the remoteness traders, colonial officials and Bled (Slovenia), one of nine of the location, far from urban missionaries were still highly children (seven sons and two centers and major trade routes, subjective, full of prejudices and daughters) of Captain Janez Gallenfels was well provided for misunderstood details; ideas of Andrej Gallenfels and his wife in Manora. He received a share the “magical land of India” from Marija. He was probably, like his of the trade in tropical wood, European folklore were mixed father, trained in military skills. which brought a significant with stories from antiquity about He came to probably as income. In 1731, together with his Alexander the Great’s Indian early as 1712 with his older soldiers and reinforcements who adventures. The journey from brother Karel, or followed shortly had come to their aid, he defended Europe to India was long and thereafter. As a Jesuit monk, Karel Manora against a Marat siege. dangerous, whether one traveled obtained an influential position in For this he received a promotion by land or by sea. It was hard for the Portuguese court. From 1729 and before the end of 1734 he travelers to predict the situations until his death in 1741, he even became the commander of the which they could find themselves served as father confessor to the Diu fort on the Gujarat coast, “the in, and they had to rely on their Portuguese Queen Mary Anne of largest and best-planned of all luck and divine protection. Austria. Therefore he was in a which the Portuguese had built in Therefore these lands were visited position to assist his brother Franc the East”. The fort and the town mainly by people in colonial Genuin, to whom the Portuguese of the same name were built on service, armed with a royal decree king had offered service in India an island separated from the which promised them a as early as before 1717. No mainland by a shallow salt-water handsome reward for their details of his journey from Lisbon channel. They were known as the services, and ordinary soldiers to Goa or any stops on the way “key to India”. Merchant vessels who were often as not forced into have survived. From the solemn which sailed along the west coast overseas service by press gangs oath (homenagem) which he of India and those sailing further or as punishment. signed on 29 October 1728 in Goa to the East or the West had to pay By sheer coincidence, a nobleman in the presence of two witnesses, taxes there. Although the town of by the name of Franc Genuin it can be seen that on that day in Diu had also been a center of the Gallenfels found himself in this the King’s name he accepted the highly profitable silk trade, its colorful company, who – in command of the Manora fortress, economic power was waning at contrast to many – made an which guarded the northern the time. important imprint on the history border of the Portuguese colonial Gallenfels served in Diu until of European-Indian relations. He possessions against the Marats.

Slovenia in Focus 40 HISTORY

February 1737, and the next year by negotiations in which Franc when the Marats were defeated he was relocated to the coastal Gallenfels again played an by the Afghan leader Ahmed Shah fort of Chaul in the vulnerable important role. The discussions Durani and their expansion was Northern Territories. Chaul was were actually initiated by the precluded. Since the Mogul one of the oldest Portuguese English, who were worried that Empire with its seat in Delhi was strongholds on Indian soil. As the Marats in the throes of their also in decline, the English early as around 1510 the victory would start thinking about consolidated their colonial power Portuguese had established a taking Bombay. Diplomatic talks in India through the East India trading colony on this little piece between the English and the Company, which gradually of coastline, just over fifty Portuguese on one side and the eliminated all other pretenders to kilometers south of Bombay, and Marats on the other were first held authority. The English occupied by the end of the century they had in the town of Alibag north of Poona in 1817 and finally surrounded it with a stout wall. Chaul, and later in Poona. From defeated the Marats in the next The port of Chaul was once visited Gallenfels’ letter to the Viceroy of year. by merchant vessels from Arabic, Goa we can read that he left Thus what Gallenfels had Ethiopian, Persian, Indian and Bombay with Captain Inchbird on achieved in his negotiations was East Asian ports. Despite the fact 2 August 1740 and had reached preserved in Goa for over two that its golden age had passed, Poona after seven days’ hard centuries (until 1961). The Chaul was exposed to attacks by riding. The negotiations which Viceroy of Goa, Count Sandomil, the Marats, as it expressed his blocked their recognition: “I am access to the sea. aware of the As if there weren’t efforts which you enough problems have invested in with keeping the this treaty /…/ I garrison supplied thank you for your with munitions, services and I provisions and assure you that I money for the will send His soldiers’ packets, at Majesty a report the end of 1739 the on the excellent Marats laid siege to services which you Photo: Dr. Zmago Šmitek Photo: Dr. the fort. They Diu Island of India have performed attacked the fort for him in this with cannon fire and attempted followed were difficult, but in spite matter”. to dig underground tunnels and of this he managed to conclude a Gallenfels, who had in the blow up the defense wall, but they peace agreement which was meanwhile reached his sixtieth were finally repulsed and forced acceptable to the Portuguese. But birthday, perhaps returned to Lisbon upon the death of his to retreat. Chaul was temporarily its price was the handing over of brother Karel in September 1741. saved, but during that time the the fort at Chaul. Like Karel, Franc Genuin fortified town of Bassein north of Gallenfels was laid to rest in a Bombay fell into Marat hands In September 1740 Gallenfels left Poona en route to Bombay and foreign land, since his family after horrific battles, as well as the genealogical records, kept in Goan provinces of Salcete and from there to Chaul, where he oversaw the procedure of Slovenia, do not list the place or Bardez. Since Chaul had become year of his death. isolated and indefensible after the emptying the town and the fort. The Marats took over in Dr. Zmago Šmitek is Professor for Non- fall of Bassein, the Portuguese European Ethnology and Cultural decided to abandon it. Chaul was December, but before that they Anthropology at the University of finally ceded to the Marats by a returned the occupied areas in the Ljubljana. His main areas of research are contacts of the Slovene people in treaty which was signed in Goan province of Salcete to the Portuguese. The agreed the previous centuries with people in September 1740. far away countries over the ocean. He boundaries were maintained even has keen interest in Asian cultures and This denouement was preceded after the battle of Panipat in 1761, religions.

in Focus 41 Slovenia BILATERAL

Slovenia - India Cooperation By V. K. Dar Former Executive Director ICPE, Ljubljana

lovenia is a bit of heaven on landscape of Alps and the of ICPE. This includes Dr. Janez earth. With its lush green Himalayas and the coast line. Drnovsek, President of Republic Sstretches which during Slovene experts have contributed of Slovenia, Dr. Anton Vratuša winter become snow-white, to India in the areas of winter and former Prime Minister of beautiful and dales, rivers, ponds, water sports, rationalization of Slovenia, Mr. G. Parthasarathy lakes and sea side, Slovenia is one raw material supply to steel distinguished diplomat of India of the most attractive plants, restructuring and reform and Mr. C. Subramaniam, former destinations. As they say, you can of public enterprises, Finance Minister of India. have breakfast in the Alps and infrastructure development and lunch on the Adriatic. Trout the like. Indian academicians on This unique organisation has nurseries are popular and local their part have provided Slovenia brought together several wines have many admirers. with support in management developing and transitional education and training techniques economists in an effort to study, and related economic / corporate analyze and tackle problems of The Green heart of Europe issues. Cankarjev dom, a cultural development as a whole. Research, education, training and Boating in the lakes, particularly centre in the heart of Ljubljana, has witnessed outstanding artists information dissemination, along the one in Bled, is an exhilarating with exchange of experts and experience. During winter the from all over the world including India, perform at this place. expertise, are the tools adopted same lakes (in frozen condition) for achieving higher efficiency and provide opportunity for skating competence. Institution building and festivities. Winter and water International Center for capability, revamping weak units sports are popular. Unique places Promotion of Enterprise and upgrading of management like Lipica with famous royal have been particularly in focus. white horses, caves in which you A major joint venture of Slovenia can spend hours, well known and India among others is the In 1989, ICPE launched an churches and castles, all attract setting up in 1978 of International international MBA degree large numbers. Religious Center for Public Enterprises- Programme for Executives and tolerance exists and minorities get since known as International Policy Makers, in collaboration special attention. The population Center for Promotion of with Faculty of Economics, is small but well integrated and Enterprises (ICPE) Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana. This was proud of their culture, language which is an inter-governmental the first programme of its kind in and heritage. People are soft organization of high standing Slovenia with major inputs from spoken and welcome foreign comprising of member States India. The UN agencies, visitors, businessmen and experts. mainly from South and South- Commonwealth Secretariat East Asia, Middle-East, Africa, London, Governments of Austria Slovenia and India have been South America and Europe. and The Netherlands along with friends for long. Both countries Slovenia and India have all along member states of ICPE provided share family values, spirit of provided strong support to ICPE. support to this initiative in which learning and search for truth, folk Some of their leaders have been so far more than 500 participants songs and dances, similar part of the top management team from several countries have

Slovenia in Focus 42 BILATERAL

obtained their degrees. They are Slovenia in New Delhi has valuable contacts in Government serving in important positions in provided further fillip to joint and Corporate circles to further Government and Corporate efforts of Slovenia and India to mutual interests in the areas of Sectors in their respective enhance cooperation. This has industry, tourism, culture, countries, multilateral facilitated travel between the two education, infrastructure etc. For organizations and MNCs countries and brought about India, Slovenia is a strong partner worldwide. There is an effective people to people contact and with which economic cooperation network of alumni from thereby promoted economic is being enhanced for mutual Ljubljana, assisting Slovenia in a cultural and professional growth as well as for activities in variety of ways in several cooperation. Foreign Minister of Central and Eastern Europe. countries. The largest number of Slovenia and other dignitaries ICPE naturally plays an important participants came from India, have so far visited India and the role in this scenario of vital which also provided a split Embassy has established strategic alliance. location replicated programme in collaboration with Indian Oil Corporation - a petroleum giant. Slovene Corporate and Government Sectors have been cooperating with their counterparts through various fora and a long term economic cooperation is emerging. With Slovene independence in 1991 the cooperation between the two countries intensified. The enlightened leadership in Slovenia brought about independence largely peacefully and thereafter the surged ahead of many countries in Central and Eastern Europe. India’s support to various programmes of ICPE brought about meaningful results. The setting up of a Central and East European Network with ICPE efforts in collaboration with World Bank and UNDP is a case in point. Several seminars were conducted on a variety of economic subjects and the findings thereof were printed and circulated worldwide. India supported such efforts in many ways and thereby enabled ICPE to achieve its goal of assisting member states in streaming working of public enterprises and promotion of enterprises and entrepreneurial talent.

Strong partners The opening of Embassy of

in Focus 43 Slovenia MONEY

The and the Slovene Capital Market

By Barbara Meza Deputy Director Marketing & PR

he Ljubljana Stock largely adjusted to the European The Corporate Governance Exchange (LJSE) was Union legislation. Slovene capital Code for Slovenia, which was T established on 26 market and trading on the LJSE is signed and adopted in March December 1989. The mission of regulated by the following major 2004, represents an important the LJSE is to ensure transparent, rules: move towards the development of secure, efficient and successful a quality corporate governance • LJSE Rules (adopted by the operations of the organised system in Slovenia. segment of the Slovene capital Securities Market Agency) market. Trading with securities is • Articles of Association of the LJSE The macroeconomic results of the conducted in accordance with the Republic of Slovenia are • The Securities Market Law existing laws, rules and favourable, with the Stock regulations of the LJSE. • The Companies Act • The Law on Dematerialised Exchange playing an important role in domestic economy. Due to Regulation and International Securities the know-how of its experts, the Activity • Central Securities Clearing Corporation Rules LJSE has also been successful The LJSE and the Slovene capital • The Take-over Law abroad. It is a full member of the market meet the high • The Law on Management World Federation of Stock standards of developed Companies and Investment Exchanges – WFE and of the financial markets. Slovene Funds Federation of European Securities legislation has already been • The Foreign Exchange Act Exchanges – FESE. LJSE actively

Slovenia in Focus 44 CORPORATE PROFILE

Farmachem Group

armachem SA Machineries & Marketing was established in Switzerland in the year 1983 with the aim of providing Marketing / Consulting services to the International FPharmaceutical Industry world wide. Over the years, it has earned a reputation for itself as a reliable partner for various API as well as Finished Dosage Forms producers world wide as their distributor of choice to Generic Companies.

Farmachem Group is managed by professionals with vast experience in Pharmaceutical Industry thereby bringing with them a rich experience in the fields of Intellectual Property, Regulatory, Research as well as commercial fields for their business partners.

Today Farmachem group is actively involved in the following fields :-

™ Development of Dossiers for formulations / DMFs in CTD formats for APIs ™ Contract Research / Custom Synthesis projects ™ Strategic sourcing of APIs / FDFs for their partners world wide ™ Contract Manufacturing Projects

Farmachem Group has its own offices / affiliates in Italy, Czech, Iran, Ukraine, Russia, India and Venezuela with their Corporate Head Quarters at Mendrisio in Switzerland. Having a geographically well spread offices gives the group the advantage of reaching out to their business partners easily and the knowledge of local culture and language ensures business transactions are carried out smoothly.

With India emerging as one of the most strategically important supply base to International Pharmaceutical Industry, the Group set up their subsidiary (Farmachem SA India Pvt Ltd) in India in the year 1999. Over the last 6 years, the Indian subsidiary has emerged as one of the group’s most important entity contributing major share of the group’s business.

CONTACT DETAILS

FARMACHEM SA M&M, FARMACHEM SA INDIA PVT LTD., Via Rime 38, 607, Saptagiri Towers, 6850, Mendrisio, 1-10-75/1/1 to 6, SWITZERLAND, Begumpet, Hyderabad – 500 016, INDIA Ph : 0041 91 9111000 Ph : 0091 40 27764029 Fax : 0041 91 9111009 Fax : 0091 40 27762008 E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] MONEY

cooperates with the other disclosure of information to flows, directly and indirectly members of the CESI Group, and the public. The issuer must notify through international partners. has also been very active on the the public of events relating to its The main purpose of the Exchange markets of South Eastern business activity and other events as the organiser of the secondary Europe. which could have material impact market is to ensure access to on the price of securities or on the and exit from investments at Market Infrastructure company’s capability to fulfill the a fair market price for all obligations deriving from investors. Slovenian capital market is securities. Information can be completely dematerialized. published in any widely circulated LJSE short term goals are the Trading on the LJSE currently Slovenian daily newspaper or following: takes place on two markets electronically on http:// • increase liquidity of securities (Official and Free Market) and seonet.ljse.si. Disclosure traded, is performed solely electronically requirements for companies listed • ensure that the Exchange and via its electronic trading system. on the Official Market are stricter its services are competitive, On the organised market only and in-line with the developed • develop and establish new those securities can be traded markets’ requirements. products and services, which are fully paid-in, freely • attract foreign portfolio transferable, have been issued in Investors are protected with the investors, dematerialised form (registered at Securities Market Act, which has • match the interests of the Central Securities Clearing recently adopted the EU Directive investors, issuers, supervisors, Corporation - KDD) and for on insider trading and market members and owners. which the Securities Market manipulation. The Securities Agency has issued either the Market Agency, an independent The Stock Exchange will apply authorisation for the initial public institution, is primarily various measures to reach these offering or the authorisation for responsible for the regulation of goals. Among others by organised trading. For admission the market. continuously lowering transaction to listing on the Official Market costs and by rendering the some further quantitative and Strengths and Potentials monitoring of a quality organized qualitative criteria as set by the market a Stock Exchange Exchange need to be met. In the long run, the LJSE will trademark. Additionally, the become a modern organiser of category of shares of the highest The main responsibility of issuers the Slovene capital market, quality is being introduced, with of securities traded on the which will become an integral which the Exchange aims at organised market is appropriate part of international financial foreign portfolio investors. The

Slovenia in Focus 46 MONEY

GROWTH TRENDS OF THE MAIN LJSE INDEX SBI 20 COMPARED TO OTHER GLOBAL INDICES (IN SIT)

issuers of the topmost segment Contact Information: SEOnet – The LJSE electronic will be obliged to inform the public information dissemination in English as well as issue financial The Ljubljana Stock Exchange, Inc. system: http://seonet.ljse.si/ statements according to Slovenska 56, 1000 Ljubljana, E-mail: [email protected] International Accounting Slovenia For further information please visit Standards, ensuring them a high Phone: + 386 1 471 0211, the LJSE new home page level of liquidity for their shares. Fax:+ 386 1 471 0213 www.ljse.si.

Globus is involved in shipbroking business for last 30 years. We are based in New Delhi, India with a worldwide coverage and are engaged in fixing worldwide trade requirements. We are strategically placed between the eastern and western markets with a distinct ad- vantage of being amidst time zones which are wide apart making it convenient for our charterers and owners to set orders and positions across the globe without any loss in time. We work with several direct shipowners/charterers and operators from allover the world with varied tonnage and requirements. We have fixed several vessels for worldwide cargoes account, various charterers from all over and are on the panel of Transchart, New Delhi since 1974 and now also on the panel of Shipping Corporation of India (SCI). We have concluded fixtures for various cargoes including but not limited to coal, iron ore, cement, fertilizers, sulphur, steel, general cargo and agri products and also have been extensively involved in projects, survey require- ments and Antarctic expeditions.

in Focus 47 Slovenia SPECIALITY

Wines of Slovenia

Maribor - 400 year-Old Vine. The heart of Maribor’s old town, Lent, provides refuge for the Old Vine. It is thought to be the oldest in the world, but still offers up its juice. Photo: Igor Modic

Slovenia produces a colourful palette of roses, white and amphorae, goblets, and glasses red wines, ranging from tender and fresh to rich wines of give hints of a flourishing full taste, including aromatic, smooth and sparkling wines. production and trade. A Roman Slovenian wines can match the best in the world and are bread mold excavated near Ptuj also the pride and joy of the Slovene people. served as the model for the registered trademark of Slovene wines. lovenia, a new independent are evident both in the growing nation located at the and production of wines as well Later on monasteries played an Sintersection of the as in the terminology. Varietal especially important role in its Mediterranean, Alps and wines are predominantly named development. Slovene viticulture Pannonian Plain, is a land with a after the , while blended has gone through periods of rise long wine-growing tradition. A wines frequently carry the name and decline: it has been affected profusion of vineyards softens the of the producing region; the by war and various viticulture landscape, and how varied this terminology for high-quality and crises. profusion is! Everywhere it is predicate wines is similar to the different – different soil, different German. Countless archaeological finds and vines, different methods of archival materials attest to how cultivation and different but The cultivation of the vine was widespread viticulture was in always top quality wines. practiced in these parts as long Slovenian lands as well as to the ago as nearly 2400 years, at the high quality of the wines produced Slovenia has always been the time of the Celts. However, wine there. But one of the most credible crossroads between north and growing in the present area of proofs of the wine-growing tradition south, east and west; travellers Slovenia truly blossomed with the is the oldest producing vine in brought viticultural knowledge Romans. Tacitus mentioned Slovenia-in the Lent district of from all the prominent viticultural Poetovio’s (today’s Ptuj) wines in Maribor-aged more than 400 years. nations. Accordingly, French, the 1st century A.D., and This is an old Slovene variety called Italian, and German influences numerous archaeological finds of modra kav ina or zametovka, at

Slovenia in Focus 48

SPECIALITY

one time one of the most widespread varieties in this part of Slovenia, and still important in the composition of the Slovene wine specialty of Dolenjska-cvi ek.

The Refosco variety is an old one and yields the Karst Teran wine. Other old Slovene varieties are Zelen and Pinela in the valley, Rebula in Brda, Malvasia in the Koper region, Šipon from Ljutomer and Ormoz, and Radgona

Bouvier. Photo: Zvone Šeruga

The backbone of the selection from Slovene vineyards is represented by varieties, which are also widespread From one of the many wine cellars in Slovenia. The Slovene lands elsewhere in the world. They can be include three completely different wine-growing regions: Podravska (north-east), Posavska (south) and Primorska (south-west). divided into two categories, recommended and permitted, and Rebula, Pinela, and Zelen. Along also very popular here. You will be are the most suitable for specific wine-growing regions. Primorska’s Wine Roads you will astounded by the ancient hussar find the largest barrel in Slovenia, custom of opening bottles with a Slovenia has 33,500 hectares of which holds more than forty saber, by the largest wine press in prime vineyard land. The annual thousand liters of wine. Slovenia’s Slovenia, by the region’s numerous yield varies from 873.000 to oldest Refosco vine also grows here. castles, and by one of the oldest 1,177.000 hectolitres and most of pharmacies in Europe in Europe this is consumed domestically. The Podravje region along the which you can see at the monastery River is known for its top in Olimje. Wine-growing regions quality white wines from Slovenske gorice and Haloze. Laški and Renski Given the differences in climate, soil, Slovenia lies in an ideal climate Rizling, Sivi Pinot, and many other and relief, as well as the selection zone: between 45 ° 30’N and wines are aged in the large wine and characteristics of their wines, 47 °N, with the Adriatic Sea as a cellars of the old towns. Podravje’s wine-growing regions are further part of its western border. The Alps Wine Roads boast the oldest vine divided into geographical areas or form Slovenia’s northern border - in the world. More than four wine-growing districts, of which these shield the land from the hundred years old, its are there are fourteen. These are further harshest of northern weather and picked with great ceremony every divided into sub-units: sub-district, also moderate the intense year in Maribor. A special treat is limited district, wine-growing area continental summer heat. The promised by the remarkable wine and location. Each district has southern slopes of the Alps and their cellar in Ptuj whose archives boast rolling foothills offer a large number numerous wine cellars, where the a wine from 1917, the oldest in of good viticultural sites that are majority of the locally grown grapes grouped into three viticultural Slovenia. In Gornja Radgona a are made into wine and bottled regions differing in microclimate, soil wine cellar awaits you that has under a distinctive label. composition and viticultural produced a top quality sparkling tradition: Primorska, Podravje wine (Zlata penina) for more than Slovenian wines and Posavje. 140 years according to the classic champagne method. As the natural conditions for the The Primorska region below the vine and the variety differ, so do Mediterranean sun produces red The specialty of the Posavje region Slovene wines. Slovenia has a wines such as the well-known Teran. along the River is the light, red diverse array of white, rose, and red In addition to red wines, it also wine called “Cvi ek”, and the wines, from gentle, fresh and light produces white wines such as velvety smooth Metliška rnina is to rich, full and aromatic non-

Slovenia in Focus 50 SPECIALITY

aromatic white wines of the Mosel and Rhine valleys, from the dry wines of Italy to the sweet varieties offered by Hungary, from the heavy port and sherry of Spain and Portugal to the light and subtle wines of Champagne and Alsace-Lorraine. A number of local varieties grown nowhere else have also been developed during Slovenia’s long viticultural history.

The best vintages are stored in wine archives. While older bottles are sold only at rare auctions, some of the best wines from 1980 onward are still on sale at the archives and specialized wine shops.

Wine roads Photo: Janez Puksic The Slovene wine-growing region is threaded with scenic wine roads along which tourists can see the most sparkling and sparkling wines. Quality wines beautiful vineyard locations and visit numerous well- predominate, and these are labeled with the name of the variety or the name of the district, sub-district or White Wines Red Wines limited district. Such wines are called zvrsti or blends Beli Pinot Barbera and are made from three to five varieties typical of the Chardonnay Cabernet Frank region. Their qualities best reflect the wine-growing Kerner Cabernet Sauvignon region they come from and are very popular with the wine-drinking public. Laški Rizling Kraški Teran Malvazija Merlot Slovenia’s best wines are top-quality derived from the Muškat Otonel Modra Frankinja fermentation of good quality ripe or over-ripe grapes. Pikolit Modra Portugalka The share of these wines depends on how favourable Pinela Modri Pinot conditions for growth and ripening were in a given year. Top quality wines can also be characterized according Radgonska Ranina Refošk to the time and method of harvesting: late vintage, grape Rebula Šentlovrenka selection, dry grape selection and ice wine. Some of the Renski Rizling Teranton best wines are also aged in quality oak barrels (barique). Rizvanec Žametovka-Žametna rnina A specialty is wines from dried grapes. Written sources Rumeni Muškat by Roman writers can be found praising the quality of Sauvignon-Muškatni Silvanec wines from Slovenian lands, and this tradition is faithfully preserved and kept by Slovene wine-makers Sivi Pinot - Rulandec today, as demonstrated by the numerous top prizes Šipon from international wine judgings. Tokaj Traminec Slovene growers cultivate a number of varieties, used Zelen primarily for blending. The more rare varieties include the red Gamay, Malo rn, Modri (Rde i) Plavec, Zeleni Silvanec Prosecco, and Zweigelt and the white Kraljevina, Ranfol, Rumeni (Beli) Plavec, and Zlahtnina. known wine producers offering local wines and delicacies. Wine cellars have beautiful premises for wine With such a wide variety, Slovene viticulturists have tasting, many of them offering selected dishes of local been able to apply and customize vines, winegrowing, specialties to taste along with the wines. and methods of making wine from all parts of Europe. The taste and bouquet of Slovene wines range from Slovenes appreciate good wines and enjoy drinking heavy Bordeaux-style blended red wines to the them most in the company of friends.

in Focus 51 Slovenia LITERATURE

Books on Slovenia

The Rough Guide to Slovenia, First Slovenia (Cultures of the World) Edition By Ted Gottfried By Norm Longley Slovenia: From Yugoslavia to the European Lonely Planet Slovenia (Lonely Planet Union Slovenia) By Mojmir Mrak, Matija Rojec, and Carlos By Steve Fallon Silva-Jauregui Sunflower Landscapes Slovenia: A (Available for free at http://www- wds.worldbank.org in PDF format) Countryside Guide (Landscapes) By David Robertson and Sarah Stewart Slovenia: My Country By Joco Znidarsic Slovenia (Enchantment of the World. Second Series) Historical Dictionary of Slovenia By Tamra Orr and Martin Hintz By Leopoldina Plut-Pregelj

Cuisines of the Alps: Recipes, Drinks, The Diplomacies of New Small States: The and Lore from France, Switzerland, Case of Slovenia With Some Comparison Liechtenstein, Italy, Germany, Austria, from the Baltics and Slovenia (Hippocrene Cookbook By Milan Jazbec Library (Hardcover)) The Postojna caves: And other tourist caves By Kay Shaw Nelson in Slovenia By Francè Habe The Julian Alps Of Slovenia: A Walking Guide Treasure chest of Slovenia By Justi Carey and Roy Clark By Matjaz Kmecl

Slovenia (Postcommunist States and Treasures of Slovenia Nations) By Matjaz Kmecl By John K. Cox A Brief Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia By Janko Prunk [translated By Sherrill O’Connor-Sraj, Conversations With Zizek (Conversations) Garry Moore ; edited by Miro Cerar, By Slavoj Zizek Glyn Daly Janez Kranjc] Colloquial Slovene (Colloquial Series Slovenia (Multimedia) By Bogomil Ferfila By Andrea Albretti

(These and other books are listed on www.amazon.com)

Slovenia in Focus 52 . . . . it’s great to discover Europe in miniature

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Representative of: Travel and Trade Fair Services: Clientele: Ljubljana Tourist Board, FIT, Group Tours, Insurance, Embassy of Slovenia in New Delhi, Tourist Board of Kranjska Gora, Hotel Reservations, Exhibitions, Embassy of Israel, New Delhi, Indo Bohinj Tourist Board, Conferences, Seminars Israel Trading Co. (India, Israel), Celje-Sejem Air Ticketing, Ski Training Course, Organic India (India, U.S.A., France, (Biggest Trade Fair Company of Honeymoon and Student Packages, Australia), Fenoman Trade (Israel), Slovenia) Casino and Spa Tours Theeta Industries (India), Fashionite Impex (India)

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• First Company to Represent India in Travel Fair in Slovenia • First Company to Promote Slovenian Exhibitions in India • Connected with the Slovenian Embassy, New Delhi from the 01 day of its operation in India • Representing maximum number of Slovenian Institutions in India INFORMATION

Useful Websites of Slovenia Useful Links – Slovenia - Economy: zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=002 http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ Doing business in Slovenia zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=018 - www.sloveniapartner.com Electrical And Electronic Engineering Catalogue Investing in Slovenia Catalogue Of Textile, Clothing And Leather Industry (Slovenian Trade and Investment Promotion Agency) http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ http://www.investslovenia.org zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=010

Chamber of Commerce of Slovenia Rubber And Plastic Manufacturers (all Slovene companies are members): http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ http://www.gzs.si/eng zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=021

Slovene exporters web page Slovenian Food-processing Industry http://www.gzs.si/sloexport/ http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ default.asp?LanguageID=1&MenuID=10 zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=030

Directory of international business offers and requests Wood Processing http://www.gzs.si/eng/borza http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=013 CCIS’s members directory: http://www.gzs.si/ENG/busopp/register/default.htm Auto Cluster Of Štajerska Region http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ Enquiries about matchmaking with Slovene zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=017 companies: e-mail: [email protected] Catalogue Of Consultant Engineering http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ Catalogues of CCIS’ s Associations: zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=028 http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/zacetna_stran.asp?jezik=ang Catalogue Of Contract Engineering Govermental institutions: http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ http://www.gov.si zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=027

Ljubljana Stock Exchange Inc.: Commerce And Industry Of Posavje Region http://www.ljse.si http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=009 http://www.bsi.si/html/eng/index.html Informatics And Telecommunications Catalogue http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ Statistical Office zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=005 http://www.stat.si/eng/index.asp Licensed Tourist Agencies Ministry of Economy http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/ http://www.mg-rs.si/english/index.php zacetna_stran_kataloga.asp?kat=029

Small Business Development Centre Business Databases (clusters): http://www.pcmg.si/index.php?root=4 Automotive Cluster of Slovenia Business Databases (general): http://www.acs-giz.si

Business Register of CCI of Slovenia Members Slovenian Transport Logistics Cluster http://www.gzs.si/ENG/busopp/register/default.htm http://www.giz-tlg.si

Database of Slovenian Exporters Toolmakers Cluster of Slovenia http://www.gzs.si/sloexport/default.asp?LanguageID=2 http://www.toolscluster.net/sog.php

Business Databases (sectors): Slovenian Plasttechnics Cluster http://www.sloveniapartner.com/ Metal Industry Of Slovenia article.asp?ID=207&IDpm=4 http://www.gzs.si/katalogi/

Slovenia in Focus 54 INFORMATION

News: article.asp?ID=310&IDpm=1 Slovenia Business Week Slovenia Tourist Board http://www.gzs.si/eng/news/sbw/default.htm http://www.slovenia-tourism.si/intro.asp Slovene Press Angecy Culinary & Wine http://www.sta.si/en http://www.slovenia-tourism.si/?kulinarika_in_vino=0 - Cuisine and Wine - general Slovenia News http://www.enaplus.com/1plus/kuhinja/ http://slonews.sta.si recept_start.asp?id_kuhinja=1 -Slovene cuisine

Government: Slovenia Wine Portal http://slovino.comtron.si/en/index.php http://www.gov.si Promotional business products Steklarna Roga¹ka (crystal) Government of Slovenia http://www.stek-rogaska.si/ http://e-uprava.gov.si/e-uprava/en/portal.euprava www.darila.com - presents Ministry of Foreign Affairs www.muzej-idrija-cerkno.si - museums http://www.sigov.si/mzz/eng www.muzeji-radovljica.si - museums Government Office for European Affairs Centre for Slovene as a Second/Foreign Language http://www.gov.si/svez www.centerslo.net Public Relations and Media Office http://www.uvi.si/eng Blog Page on Slovenia http://www.carniola.org/theglory/index.htm Tourism: Information for Travelers Slovenia Culture Profile http://www.sloveniapartner.com/ http://www.culturalprofiles.org.uk/slovenia

BUSINESS INFORMATION

Trade Fairs and Exhibitions in Slovenia in 2005 International Fair of and Food Industry; Gornja Radgona Start Date - End Date: 27.8. - 2.9.2005 Venue: Gornja Radgona Fairgrounds

International Trade Fair, Celje Start Date - End Date: 7. - 14.9.2005 Venue: Celje Fairgrounds

Nature – Health, Fair of products, activities and ideas for a healthy way of living Start Date - End Date: 22. - 24.9.2005 Venue: Ljubljana, Gospodarsko razstaviš e (Ljubljana Fairgrounds)

Ljubljana Furniture Fair – Slovene furniture fair with international participation Start Date - End Date: 7. - 13.11.2005 Venue: Ljubljana, Gospodarsko razstaviš e (Ljubljana Fairgrounds)

International Spirit Competition; Ljubljana Start Date - End Date: 1. - 1.6.2005 Venue: Ljubljana, Gospodarsko razstaviš e (Ljubljana Fairgrounds)

International Wine Competition; Ljubljana Start Date - End Date: 3. - 6.6.2005 Venue: Ljubljana, Gospodarsko razstaviš e (Ljubljana Fairgrounds)

Sportfest Start Date - End Date: 22. - 24.9.2005 Venue: Ljubljana, Gospodarsko razstaviš e (Ljubljana Fairgrounds)

International Fair of Military Know-how, Equipment and Systems; Gornja Radgona Start Date - End Date: 22. - 25.9.2005 Venue: Gornja Radgona Fairgrounds

Festival of the Third Age; Ljubljana Start Date - End Date: 30.9. - 2.10.2005 Venue: Ljubljana, Cankarjev dom

Slovenian Wine Festival; Ljubljana Start Date - End Date: 17. - 19.11.2005 Venue: Ljubljana, hotel Slon

Slovenia in Focus 58