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Estrellas Dobles En Leo Astrofotografia Y Vídeo Observaciones De La Agrupación Observando El Sol Noticias La AAV En Internet E

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Estrellas Dobles En Leo Astrofotografia Y Vídeo Observaciones De La Agrupación Observando El Sol Noticias La AAV En Internet E BOLETÍN DE LA AGRUPACIÓN ASTRONÓMICA VIZCAINA - BIZKAIKO ASTRONOMI ELKARTEA 1999 1er TRIMESTRE AÑO III Nº 8 Estrellas dobles en Leo Astrofotografia y Vídeo Observaciones de la Agrupación Observando el Sol Noticias La AAV en Internet Efemérides, Ocultaciones El Cielo este trimestre GALILEO Indice del nº 8 ENE-FEB-MAR’99 Nº 8 del Boletín de la Pág AGRUPACIÓN ASTRONÓMICA VIZCAINA Carta del Presidente a los socios . .2 BIZKAIKO ASTRONOMI ELKARTEA Estrellas dobles en Leo . .3 Sede: Locales del Departamento de Cultura de la Los caminos del firmamento . .6 Diputación Foral de Vizcaya ~ Bizkaiko Foru Aldundia. El vídeo en astronomía planetaria . .8 c/ Iparragirre 46, 5º dpto. 4. Bilbao Noticias breves . .9 Apertura: Martes de 19:30 a 21:00 Observando el Sol . .10 Dep.Legal: BI-420-92 Las películas secretas de los astrofotógrafos . .12 Edicion: Mikel Berrocal, Marcial Vecilla, Amaia Urkiri. Portada: Jesus Escobar. La AAV en Internet . .15 e-mail: [email protected] Leónidas, se quedó en sirimiri . .16 Internet: http://aav_bae.cielo.org Primeras imágenes del asteriode Eros . .17 Este ejemplar se distribuye de forma gratuita a los socios y colabo- Informes de observación AAV-BAE . .18 radores de la AAV-BAE. La AAV-BAE no se hace responsable del El Cielo este trimestre . .19 contenido de los artículos, ni de las opiniones vertidas en ellos por sus autores. Queda prohibida la reproducción total o parcial de cual- Efemérides Planetarias . .22 quier información gráfica o escrita por cualquier medio sin permiso Ocultaciones Lunares . .23 expreso de la AAV-BAE AAV-BAE 1999 Galería de Imagenes . .24 CARTA DEL PRESIDENTE A TODOS LOS SOCIOS Y AMIGOS Estimado socio y amigo: Desde hace una década podemos constatar el impresionante desarrollo urbanístico del Gran Bilbao acompañado del crecimiento de los Polígonos Industriales. Este proceso de crecimiento conlleva un incremento en el alumbrado glo- bal de nuestras ciudades. Pero sin embargo se ha hecho de forma irracional. Nosotros, como aficionados a la observación astronómica, nos encontramos con que, para realizar nuestras observaciones con un mínimo de calidad, en la mayoría de las ocasiones tenemos que salir fuera de la provincia para poder encontrar un cielo aceptablemente oscuro. Desde los altos cercanos, e incluso desde los relativamente lejanos, el resplandor del Gran Bilbao reflejado en las capas bajas de la atmósfera imposibilita visualizar cualquier constelación completa, y sólo pueden verse las estrellas más brillantes de nuestro cielo. Como ya sabréis a través de las revistas especializadas de Astronomía, se están llevando a cabo desde Madrid y Cataluña a iniciativa del Grupo de Cielo Oscuro de la Agrupación Astronómica de Madrid y el Grup Cel Fosc, apoya- do por el GEA (Grup d’Estudis Astronomics) de Barcelona, actividades encaminadas a paliar en lo posible esta luz desmesurada que contamina los cielos nocturnos (contaminación lumínica). Estos grupos, junto a universidades del país, la Oficina Técnica para la Protección del Cielo (Instituto de Astro- física de Canarias) y la Iniciativa Aragonesa para el Control de la Polución Lumínica, junto a los departamentos espe- cíficos de los gobiernos locales, desarrollan estudios concretos pare realizar los cambios necesarios en los alumbrados públicos, industriales y de fachadas monumentales con el fin de conseguir una proyección correcta de la luz artificial y conseguir con ello un ahorro energético y económico. Estos estudios atacan en dos frentes: en el del consumo eléc- trico y en el del coste de instalación y mantenimiento de las luminarias, alcanzando con ello otro objetivo importante: la calidad ambiental en forma de un cielo oscuro. Nuestra Agrupación Astronómica se ha implicado en este proyecto junto con todos los grupos y entidades invo- lucradas en la tarea de paliar el problema de la contaminación lumínica. Desde nuestra revista “GALILEO” os envío esta carta para pediros vuestra colaboración, discutiendo los pasos a seguir y aportando vuestras ideas, para luego abrir un debate sincero y leal con las Instituciones Locales a las que compete resolver esta lacra, y que este proyecto sea capaz de dar una respuesta a este problema que sufre toda la sociedad. En la Secretaría de la Agrupación esperamos vuestras sugerencias para preparar un Plan General de Actuación que nos permita abrir un camino a la solución de la contaminación lumínica. E1 futuro de nuestra Agrupación Astro- nómica y la afición del gran público hacia el Cosmos pasa, en gran medida, por la conservación de la Naturaleza lim- pia, tanto de día como de noche. Saludos y provechosa observación. El Presidente, J.A. Somavilla Galileo 1er trimestre ’99 2 Estrellas dobles en Leo Estrellas con las que relajarse Juan Somavilla as muchas horas pasadas luz) y su separación aparente es de Regulus, dista de nosotros unos 70 L con las estrellas -y unos unos 4.4" de arco. Esto significa años-luz (21 parsecs), por lo que su cuantos libros- han dado a que su separación real debe ser al compañera debe estar al menos a mi vida una mayor serenidad. Ellas menos de 100 U.A (unidades astro- unas 3.700 U.A. de ella - más de me han mostrado la lógica de nues- nómicas), dos veces y media la dis- 1/20 de año luz. tro universo. Comencé a pensar en tancia media de Plutón al Sol. esto por primera vez en el momen- 54 Leonis, por encima de la to en que me acerqué a la astrono- He aquí la fórmula para imagi- parte posterior de Leo tomando δ mía principalmente para meditar. nar esto: Cuando se mira un par de como referencia a Delta ( ) y Zeta ζ Me solía quedar en casa con los estrellas, su menor separación ( ). Se observa muy contrastada. puntos de interés celestes más fáci- posible en unidades astronómicas Aunque las estrellas están catalo- les de ver y dejaba vagar mis pen- es simplemente igual a su separa- gadas en los tipos A1 y A2 (blan- samientos. ción aparente en segundos de arco cas), con 60 mm. se ven de color por su distancia en parsecs. (Un amarillo puro y azul púrpura, Leo es una buena constelación parsec es 3.26 años-luz). Esto sería maravillosamente hermosas. Se para acercarse a la astronomía con la separación de las dos estrellas si diferencian en unas dos magnitu- esa idea. La mayor parte de Leo se ambas se situaran en el plano del des, una situación propensa a crear ve fácilmente a través de la fuerte cielo (a exactamente la misma dis- efectos de contraste de color en el polución lumínica y con un peque- tancia de nosotros). De hecho es ojo. Presentan un movimiento ño telescopio no cuesta mucho probable que una estrella esté un común propio y se encuentran a encontrar ni resolver sus numero- poco detrás o delante de la otra, 150 años-luz, por lo que deben sas y brillantes estrellas dobles. por lo que su separación real será estar separadas al menos 300 U.A. normalmente mayor. Gamma (γ) Leonis, también lla- 88 Leonis es un contraste de mada Algieba, es la más evidente Regulus, Alpha (α) Leonis, es magnitudes notable. Es muy fácil para empezar. ¡Qué demonios, he incluso más fácil de ver que localizarla tomando como referen- apreciado esta estrella de segunda Gamma, aunque rara vez la he cia a Beta (β) y Theta (θ). Se dis- magnitud frente a una farola!. Diri- visto incluida en las listas de estre- tingue bien la secundaria con cielo ge el telescopio hacia ella y tendrás llas dobles. Me pregunto si es por- oscuro, pero con polución lumínica una de las binarias verdaderas más que es demasiado fácil de ver y la se necesita un telescopio superior a brillantes y más fácilmente resolu- mayoría de los observadores quie- 60 mm. de diámetro. Los colores bles del cielo. Consigo una magní- ren mayores dificultades o porque que se aprecian tiran al color blan- fica vista con mi refractor de 60 es realmente una doble de perspec- quecino. mm. de diámetro. Con un aumento tiva y su situación no depende de τ de 120x Gamma me parece un par la gravitación, sino de la perspecti- La 83 y Tau ( ) Leonis son dos de discos diáfanos que casi se va con que nosotros la vemos. Me fáciles de ver a sólo 0,3º una de la tocan . Las estrellas son tan bri- encanta el profundo contraste entre otra que entran fácilmente en el llantes que no mejora la vista con el blanco níveo y el débil punto mismo campo aplicando 25x a un telescopios mayores. Los colores casi incoloro. telescopio de 110 mm. La primera de ambas componentes son vistos es una doble relativamente brillan- de color amarillo anaranjado. Resulta difícil imaginar que un te que es muy sencilla de encon- par de esta amplitud pueda ser trar. <con 25x este dúo relativa- Sin lugar a dudas es un par binario pero las dos estrellas se mente ancho parece amarillento y binario (unido gravitatorimente), están moviendo por el cielo en la débilmente grisáceo. Algunas porque la compañera ha mostrado misma dirección con la misma fuentes lo clasifican como un par unos 20º de movimiento orbital velocidad aparente. Este movi- óptico (de perspectiva), no una alrededor de la primaria durante miento propio común aparente- binaria, pero los grandes movi- los últimos 165 años. Las estrellas mente garantiza que están viajando mientos propios de las estrellas son están a unos 23 parsecs (76 años- juntas como una pareja unida. esencialmente idénticos. Ambas Galileo 1er trimestre ’99 3 son estrellas del tipo K0, más oscu- Una tercera estrella de magnitud diferencia siempre parecen más ras que el Sol. La primaria ha cre- 8,7, está a 63" al oeste-sudoeste. herméticas de lo que realmente cido y evolucionado un poco por son.
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