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NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS OCTOBER 2005 HISTORICAL OCCURRENCE OF COHO SALMON IN STREAMS OF THE CENTRAL CALIFORNIA COAST COHO SALMON EVOLUTIONARILY SIGNIFICANT UNIT Brian C. Spence Scott L. Harris Weldon E. Jones Matthew N. Goslin Aditya Agrawal Ethan Mora NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-383 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science Center NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), organized in 1970, has evolved into an agency which establishes national policies and manages and conserves our oceanic, coastal, and atmospheric resources. An organizational element within NOAA, the Office of Fisheries is responsible for fisheries policy and the direction of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). In addition to its formal publications, the NMFS uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum series to issue informal scientific and technical publications when complete formal review and editorial processing are not appropriate or feasible. Documents within this series, however, reflect sound professional work and may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. Disclaimer of endorsement: Reference to any specific commercial products, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government. The views and opinions of authors expressed in this document do not necessarily state or reflect those of NOAA or the United States Government, and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS This TM series is used for documentation and timely communication of preliminary results, interim reports, or special purpose information. The TMs have not received complete formal review, editorial control, or detailed editing. OCTOBER 2005 HISTORICAL OCCURRENCE OF COHO SALMON IN STREAMS OF THE CENTRAL CALIFORNIA COAST COHO SALMON EVOLUTIONARILY SIGNIFICANT UNIT B. C. Spence1, S. L. Harris2, W. E. Jones3, M. Goslin1,4, A. Agrawal1,5, and E. Mora1 1Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, 110 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 2California Department of Fish and Game, P.O. Box 1690, Willits, CA 95490 3Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, Ukiah, CA 4Current address: Ecotrust, 721 NW Ninth Ave., Portland, OR 97209 5Current address: Redlands Institute, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA 92373 NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-383 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Carlos M. Gutierrez, Secretary National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Vice Admiral Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Jr., Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere National Marine Fisheries Service William T. Hogarth, Assistant Administrator for Fisheries Table of Contents INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................1 METHODS ...........................................................................................................................3 COMPILATION OF HISTORICAL INFORMATION .....................................................................3 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF HISTORICAL STREAMS ...........................................................6 RESULTS .............................................................................................................................8 HISTORICAL STREAM LIST ..................................................................................................8 CHARACTERISTICS OF HISTORICAL COHO SALMON STREAMS ............................................8 WATERSHED SUMMARIES .................................................................................................10 Humboldt County .........................................................................................................10 Mendocino County .......................................................................................................10 Ten Mile River basin................................................................................................10 Noyo River basin .....................................................................................................13 Big River basin.........................................................................................................13 Albion River basin ...................................................................................................13 Navarro River basin .................................................................................................17 Garcia River basin....................................................................................................17 Other Mendocino County basins..............................................................................17 Sonoma County ............................................................................................................23 Gualala River basin..................................................................................................23 Russian River basin..................................................................................................23 Other Sonoma County basins...................................................................................27 Marin County ...............................................................................................................27 Bodega Bay and Tomales Bay tributaries................................................................27 Other Marin County basins ......................................................................................30 San Francisco Bay tributaries .....................................................................................30 San Mateo County streams ..........................................................................................30 Santa Cruz County streams..........................................................................................33 DISCUSSION .....................................................................................................................33 IMPLICATIONS FOR INFERRING STATUS FROM OCCUPANCY DATA ....................................35 IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE MONITORING.........................................................................36 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...............................................................................................37 REFERENCES...................................................................................................................39 APPENDIX A .....................................................................................................................41 HISTORICAL COHO SALMON STREAM LIST .......................................................................41 APPENDIX REFERENCES .............................................................................................55 i List of Figures FIGURE 1. Map of Central California Coast Coho Salmon Evolutionarily Significant Unit, showing major rivers and watershed boundaries............................................................................ 4 FIGURE 2. Frequency distributions of (a) watershed area, (b) estimated mean annual discharge, and (c) estimated intrinsic potential for 335 watersheds with conclusive or strong evidence of coho salmon occurrence in the Central California Coast ESU ................................... 9 FIGURE 3. Historical distribution of coho salmon in streams of the southern Humboldt County and northern Mendocino County coasts ............................................................................ 11 FIGURE 4. Historical distribution of coho salmon in the Ten Mile River basin............................... 12 FIGURE 5. Historical distribution of coho salmon in the Noyo River basin .................................... 14 FIGURE 6. Historical distribution of coho salmon in the Big River basin ....................................... 15 FIGURE 7. Historical distribution of coho salmon in the Albion River basin .................................. 16 FIGURE 8. Historical distribution of coho salmon in the Navarro River basin ................................ 18 FIGURE 9. Historical distribution of coho salmon in the Garcia River basin................................... 19 FIGURE 10. Historical distribution of coho salmon in streams of the central Mendocino County coast................................................................................................................................... 21 FIGURE 11. Historical distribution of coho salmon in streams of the southern Mendocino County coast................................................................................................................................... 22 FIGURE 12. Historical distribution of coho salmon in the Gualala River basin............................... 24 FIGURE 13. Historical distribution of coho salmon in the southern portion of the Russian River basin...................................................................................................................................... 25 FIGURE 14. Historical distribution of coho salmon in the northern portion of the Russian River basin...................................................................................................................................... 26 FIGURE 15. Historical distribution of coho salmon in streams of the southern Sonoma County
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