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Origins and Architecture of Great House Plantation

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Origins and Architecture of Great House Plantation University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Theses (Historic Preservation) Graduate Program in Historic Preservation 1-1-2004 Origins and Architecture of Great House Plantation John R. Howard University of Pennsylvania Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses Part of the Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons Howard, John R., "Origins and Architecture of Great House Plantation" (2004). Theses (Historic Preservation). 51. https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/51 Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Historic Preservation 2004. Advisor: John D. Milner This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/51 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Origins and Architecture of Great House Plantation Disciplines Historic Preservation and Conservation Comments Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Historic Preservation 2004. Advisor: John D. Milner This thesis or dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/51 ORIGINS AND ARCHITECTURE OF GREAT HOUSE PLANTATION John Randall Howard A THESIS In Historic Preservation Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE 2004 __________________________ ________________________ Advisor Reader John Milner, F.A.I.A. George Thomas, Lecturer, Adjunct Professor of Architecture Lecturer University of Pennsylvania University of Pennsylvania __________________________ Graduate Group Chair Frank G. Matero Associate Professor of Architecture DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this thesis project on the Origins and Architecture of Great House Plantation to my grandfather, Eben W. Pyne, my uncle, Frank T. Howard, and my wife Paige P. Howard, without whose support and encouragement this would not have been possible. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge the many people who have been instrumental in completing this thesis project and in my education in Historic Preservation. I would like to thank the faculty of the Historic Preservation Graduate Department of University of Pennsylvania, for enriching my appreciation and understanding of the field of Historic Preservation. I would especially like to thank my advisor, John Milner, who has been a great source of inspiration, knowledge and guidance throughout this thesis project and during the masters program. I would also like to thank George Thomas, who has also been a great source of knowledge and insight throughout the thesis and during the program. Many, many thanks to Mr. and Mrs. William Prickett, of Great House Plantation, without whose generous and very kind access to their exquisite home this thesis would not have been possible. Many thanks to Michael Bourne, whose time, keen knowledge and input are greatly appreciated. ii I am endlessly grateful for my grandfather, Eben W. Pyne, who has been instrumental in supporting my interest and involvement in the Historic Preservation Master Program at the University of Pennsylvania. Without his generous support, my degree and this thesis would not have been possible. I am continually inspired by my uncle, Frank T. Howard, who has served as a mentor and helped to fine tune my knowledge of historic architecture and its preservation. I am forever indebted to my wife, Paige P. Howard, whose support and encouragement throughout this program has been invaluable. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION.................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................................ ii TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... vii Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter I.............................................................................................................................. 7 Early History of Upper Chesapeake Bay Region ........................................................... 7 Trade and Settlement of region....................................................................................... 7 Chapter II .......................................................................................................................... 21 Augustine Herman, Bohemia Manor, the Labadist Tract............................................. 21 Augustine Herman ........................................................................................................ 21 Labadist Tract on Bohemia Manor ............................................................................... 30 Chapter III......................................................................................................................... 33 History of Great House Plantation................................................................................ 33 Labadist Ancestral Homes ............................................................................................ 33 Peter Sluyter/Bouchelle Family .................................................................................... 35 Henry Sluyter Family.................................................................................................... 35 Bayard Family............................................................................................................... 37 Chapter IV......................................................................................................................... 43 Architectural Analysis & Documentation..................................................................... 43 of Great House Plantation............................................................................................. 43 Overview of Architecture at Great House .................................................................... 43 The Exterior .................................................................................................................. 46 The Plan ........................................................................................................................49 Room by Room Descriptions and Architectural Details............................................... 51 The Hall -(Southeast Corner Room)......................................................................... 51 The Parlor.................................................................................................................. 54 iv The Dining Room ..................................................................................................... 58 The Northwest Room................................................................................................ 60 The North Hall .......................................................................................................... 61 The Second Floor...................................................................................................... 63 The Upper Hall ......................................................................................................... 64 The Southwest Bedchamber ..................................................................................... 66 The Northeast Chamber ............................................................................................ 67 The Northwest Chamber........................................................................................... 67 The Garret ................................................................................................................. 68 The Cellar.................................................................................................................. 68 The Kitchen............................................................................................................... 69 Conclusions................................................................................................................ 70 Chapter V.......................................................................................................................... 72 Architectural Chronology ............................................................................................. 72 of Great House Plantation............................................................................................. 72 The Main Block ........................................................................................................ 72 The Interior - First Floor........................................................................................... 76 The Interior - Upper Floors....................................................................................... 76 The Kitchen Wing..................................................................................................... 77 North Kitchen Hall.................................................................................................... 79 Conclusions............................................................................................................... 83 Architectural Influences & Origins..............................................................................
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