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Home , Gareth Thomas (actor), Golden Films, GoodTimes Entertainment, Larry Kenney, Marvel Action Universe, Merlin and the Dragons

Macintosh@ Voumust havethe AdobeAcrobatReader4.0and AppleQuickTimesoftware installedon your computerbeforerunningthis disc (see systemrequirements).If CD-ROM 68020, 68030, 68040 or PowerPC you do nothavetheseinstalledor are nol sure,theycan be installedoff of thisdisc: processoror higher. At least8 MB of RAMrecommended LL ACROBAT READER 4.0 Annual for 68020, 68030, or 68040 processor- 95/98/NT Macintosh" based systems;at least 16 MBof RAM his disc into CD.ROMdrive. 1. Insert this disc Into CD-ROMdrive. recommendedfor PowerPCsystems 10the UtilslWinlAcroread 2. Browseto the UtilslMaclAcroread Mac as 7.1.2or later lolderon this disc. folder on this disc. 3.Windows95/98users: Double-click 3. Copythe rs40eng.binfile to your Quad-speedCD-ROMdrive or faster the rs40eng.exefile.WindowsNT desktopand then double-clickils users: Double-clickthe desktopicon to decompressthe file. Windows@95/9B/NT4.0 rs40engNT.exefile. 4. Double-clickthe Reader+Search Installerfile that appearsto begin Intel or compatibleprocessoror any inslallation. MPC2-compliantPC. Pentiumor higher recommended. t. lls;r;QLL QUICKTIME 4.0 At.'east 16MBof RAM(24MBfor;;:;;' itii'j~,s" 95/9B/NT Macintosh" WIndowsNT) ~;;'ert~ this disc into CD-ROMdrive. 1. Insert this disc into CD-ROMdrive. 10MBof availablehard disk space (lor 2:"Browseto the UUlslWmlQUlckT,me 2. Browseto the UtllslMaclQt,me Acrobat Readerand QuickTime) folderon this disc. folderon this disc. . . . 3. Double.clickthe 3. Copythe QuickTime.binfile to your Wmdows95, WIndOWS98, or Wlndow~ QuickTimelnstaller.exe lile to begin desktopand then double-clickils NT 4.0 systemsoftware.(WindowsNT: installation. desktopicon to decompressthe file. Service Pack 3 or later 'ns1alled) 4.Whenit has finisheddecompress- Sound Blaster or compatible sound ing, a QuickTime Installer.smi icon will card and speakers appearon the desktop.Double-clickrt DirectXversion3.0orlater to begininstallation. recommended :::.--. Quad-speed CD-ROM drive or faster ~F1T THE 1999 FILM& HISTORYCD-ROM ANNUAL .... Windows"95/9B/NT Macintosh" d,.Si:~\~e~ this disc IntoCD-ROMdrive. 1. Insert this disc intoCD-ROMdrive. ,.wDouble-clickyour CD-ROMicon in 2. Double-click yourCD-ROMdrive MyComputertoviewthecontentsof icononthedesktopto viewrtscontents. your CD-ROMdrive. 3. Double-click99Annual.pdf. 3. Double-click99Annual.pdf.

Film & History on the,Web:. http://h-net.msu.edu/-filmhis Introduction 4. Audiovisual material garnish this CD-ROM: ~ Peter C. Rollins, Editor of Film & History, welcomesviewersina PeterC. Rollins,Editor,Film& History 5-minute video.

This 1999 CD-ROM ANNUAL is the first of an on-going seriesof archival ~ sourcesproducedby Film & History: An InterdisciplinaryJournalofFilm and John O'Connor and Martin Jackson discuss the origins and TelevisionStudies. purposes of the journal in a two-hour radio program.

For the last 30 years, Film & History has been shedding light on how motion ~ Amistad, the film about the slave trade and pictures shape or reflect their times, with a world-wide perspective on the US attitudes toward slavery, is critiqued as a work of history medium. We live in a media age. If we do not learn how to integrate film by advisors to the film and by scholars in a 90-minute, audio workshop conducted in , Massachusetts in the Spring and television into our study of history and culture, we will miss both an of 1999. important pedagogical opportunity and the media challenge of our times. Studentswill turn elsewherefor the experienceand lessonsof history. Caveat educator! All text material is word-searchable using the Adobe Acrobat Reader, a program included on the CD-ROM with permission from the copyright holder. The CD-ROM ANNUAL gives Film & History a number of creative Please see reverse side for installation instructions for the Acrobat Reader, opportunities to share its findings: QuickTime software, and the 1999 Film & History CD-ROM Annual itself. 1. John O'Connor's two fine books, American History/American Film and AmericanHistory/AmericanTelevisionhavebeenout ofprint for years. Communications links to Film & History: They appear here in word-searchable text, as invaluable and inspiring resources. Peter C. Rollins, Editor Popular Culture Center RR 3, Box 50, Geveland, OK 74020 2. For reasons of space and due to various thematic issues, we could not (918) 243-7637 and fax 5995 include a number of deserving articles in Film & History this year. [email protected] Fortunately, the CD-ROM option gives us a chance to feature over thirty -35- fine scholarly studies. (See Table of Contents, within.) All Fibn and History on the Web: http://h-net.msu.edu/ -filmhis of these works are included as part of the word-search pool- which Alternative contacts: includes the two O'Connor books as well. There are pictorial and John E.O'Connor Robert J.Fyne, Book Review Editor verbal profiles of this year's authors. 39 Williamson Ave Department of English 3. Bloomfield, NJ 07003 Kean University of New Jersey GoodbyeBilly: AmericanGoesto War, 1917-1918 (1969) is a classic film Fax: (973) 642-4689 Union, NJ 08083 which has been used in countless classrooms over the years. The film [email protected] has been written about by a number of scholars in the pages of Film & History. This CD-ROM brings together a number of primary and secondary materials related to the film with the hope that somebody will use these materials in future years for scholarly purposes. Indeed, we hope that GBBwill, retrospectively, become an inspiration for historian-made films in the future. Copyright@ Film & History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Film and Television Studies.' ISBN 0-9641755-6-8

CD-ROM Design and Development by Black Ink Design (www.blackinkdesign.com) at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin in Arthurian Film, Television and Videocassette 1920 - 1998 Michael A. Torregrossa, M. A.

Itemsin this filmography arelisted by the yearsthat theyfirst appearedin theaters,on television or on videocassette.I havemadeeveryeffort to include all works of Arthurian film andtelevision in which Merlin hasappearedor beenmentioned. Despitethis, I am sureI have missed many appearances just because I have either not seen them or have not received any information on them. All air times, when provided, are listed as Eastern standard. This listing covers material that appeared up to December 1998, but I have also updated entries regarding videocassettes, which have appeared on videocassette between January - August 1999.

Acknowledgements

I originally began this filmography to accompany my article in Film & History (see "Works Consulted" below), and I am grateful to Martha Driver, Peter C. Rollins, and Deborah Carmichael for their interest in and continued support of my research. Unlike most genres of Arthurian popular culture, research in Arthurian films is a relatively recent topic for investigation. Much of the initial research was undertaken by Kevin J. Harty of La Salle University in the late 1980s and culminated in 1991 with a collection of essays entitled Cinema Arthuriana: Essays on Arthurian Film (Garland). This current filmography would not be possible without his pioneering work in the field, and I thank him for his help in compiling this listing and for keeping me up to date on the state of the scholarship on Arthurian films. I also wish to thank Daniel Nastali and Michael N. Salda for answering questions during the evolution of this filmography. My gratitude also goes to Mary Alice Grellner for providing copies of severalfilms from her personalcollection.

Key to Abbreviations

Note on source abbreviations in brackets (for full citations see "Works Consulted" following the filmography):

AA: Michael N. Salda, Arthurian , Part of The Arthuriana / Camelot Project Bibliographies (internet listing).

AF: Kevin J. Harty, Arthurian Film, Part of The Arthuriana / Camelot Project Bibliographies (internet listing).

CDPT6: Tim Brooks and Earle Marsh, The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable Shows, 1946-Present (6th ed). Followed by the page numbers.

EAC: JeffLenburg, The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Followed by the page numbers.

ETVSF3: Roger Fulton, The Encyclopedia of TV (3rd ed.). Followed by the page numbers.

IMDb: The Internet Movie Database. (Internet database.)

MPG: Various authors, The Motion Picture Guide. Followed by the volume number or year of supplement and the page numbers.

MM: David John Williams, "Medieval Movies: A Filmography." Film & History 29, nos. 1-2. Followed by page number.

SFCE: Roger Fulton and John Betancourt, The Sci-Fi Channel Encyclopedia of TV Science Fiction. Followed by the page numbers.

TT4: Alex MacNeil, : The Comprehensive Guide to Programmingfrom 1948 to the Present (4th ed.). Followed by the page numbers.

VSB19: Christopher P. Scanlon, The Video Source Book (19th ed.). Followed by the volume number and the page numbers.

1921

1. A Connecticut Yankee at 's Court. United States. Directed by Emmett J. Flynn. Adaptation by Bernard McConville of Mark Twain's novel. Starring Harry Myers as Martin Cavedish. Featuring William V. Wong as "Merlin, the Magician." Fox Film, 1920. Not rated. Silent. Black and white. 8 reels. Not available on videocassette. This film is now believed to be lost. [AF;IMDb; MM 23; MPG X.52]

No specific information on Merlin available, but he does appear in the film.

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 2 1999 Film & History COROM Annual 1931

2. A Connecticut Yankee. United States. Directed by David Butler. Adaptation by William Conselman of Mark Twain's novel. Staring Will Rogers as Hank Martin. Featuring Mitchell Harris as Merlin. 1:35. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation, 1931. Re-released in 1936. Not rated. Black and white. Released on videocassette as part of the Will Rogers Collection by CBS/FOX Video, 1991. 1:36. [AF; IMDb; MM23; MPG ll.476; VSB19 1522- 523]

Merlin as antagonist/villain and charlatan magician. The film is a fairly close adaptation of Twain's novel. Merlin is allied with Sir Sagramore (Brandon Hurst) against Hank and King Arthur (William Farnum). At the film's conclusion, Arthur realizes Merlin for the traitor to the crown that he is.

1949

3. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court. United States. Directed by Tay Garnett. Adaptation by Edmund Beloin of Mark Twain's novel. Starring Bing Crosby as Hank Martin. Featuring Murvyn Vye as Merlin. 1:46. Paramount, 1949. Not rated. Musical. Released on videocassette by MCAIUniversal Home Video, 1987. 1:48. [AF;IMDb; MM 25; MPGll.476; VSB19 523]

Merlin as antagonist/villain. Curiously, the film presents a Merlin younger than the feeble King Arthur (Sir Cedric Hardwicke). This Merlin is not a magician, and he shows his evil side in allying with Sir Logerius (Joseph Vitale) and (Virginia Field) against Hank and Arthur.

1950

4. The Adventures of Sir Galahad. United States. Directed by Spencer G. Bennett. Screenplays by George H. Plympton. Starring George Reeves as Sir Galahad. Featuring William Fawcett as Merlin. Varied between :15 to :25. Corporation, 1949. Fifteen part serial. Black and white. Not available on videocassette. [AF;IMDb; MM 25]

Merlin is ambivalent in Galahad's quest to retrieve the missing Excalibur. At one point, Merlin aids the knight, and at another point, he hinders him.

Merlinat the Multiplex:A Filmography of Merlin... 3 1999 Film & HistoryCDROMAnnual 1952

5. "A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court." [Westinghouse] Studio One (7 November 1948 -29 September 1958). United States. Directed by Franklin Schaffner. Adaptation by Alvin Sapinsley of Mark Twain's novel. Starring Salem Ludwig as Merlin. 1:00. CBS-TV, 1952. Dramatic anthology series. Black and white. Released on videocassette by Video Yesteryear, 1986. :51. Episode fIrst aired live on 19 May 1952. Studio One aired on Monday nights at 10:00-11:00 PM. [AF; CDPT6 989 - 991; IMDb; TT4 797 - '798]

Merlin as magician and antagonist/villain. Merlin plots with Sir Sagramor (Berry Kroeger) to kill King Arthur (Boris Karloff) and Hank Morgan (Thomas Mitchell), and Merlin attempts to place Sagramor upon the throne.

1954

6. Knights of the Round Table. Great Britain. Directed by Richard Thorpe. Based on Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte Darthur. Written by Talbot Jennings, Jan Lastig, and Noel Langley. Featuring Felix Aylmer as Merlin. 1:55. MGM, 1953. Not rated. Released on videocassette by MGM/UA Home Entertainment. 1:57. [AF; IMDb; MPG IV.1558; VSB19 11371]

A somewhat traditional version of the Arthurian legend. Merlin as king-maker and protector of the kingdom.

7. "A Connecticut Yankee." Kraft Television Theatre (7 May 1947 -1 October 1958. United States. Directed by Fiedler Cook. Featuring Victor Jory as Merlin. Kraft Theatre. ABC- TV. Dramatic anthology series. Black and white. Not available on videocassette. First aired live on 8 July 1954 at 9:30 - 10:30 PM. [AF; CDPT6 564 - 565; IMDb; TT4 456 - 457]

No specific information on the role of Merlin in this made for television adaptation of Mark Twain's novel. . The film was played for comedy with some emphasis on the comical aspects of Merlin's role in the work.

1955

8. "Knight-Mare Hare." Merrie Melodies. United States. Directed by Chuck Jones. Written by Tedd Pierce. Voices by Mel Blanc. :07. Warner Brothers, 1955. Animated short. Premiered in theaters on 1 October 1955. Released on videocassette as part of Bugs Bunny's MerlinattheMultiplex:A FilmographyofMerlin... 4 1999Film & HistoryCOROMAnnual Hare-Raising Tales by Warner Home ~ideo Inc., 1988. [AA;EAC 56; IMDb; TT4 125]

Merlin as "sorcerer." In this adaptation ofthe Connecticut Yankee narrative, Merlin uses his magic powder to turn Bugs Bunny into a pig, but Bugs breaks the spell by finding the costume's zipper. Bugs then turns Merlin into a donkey, but the mage is unable to break the spell and remains a donkey into the twentieth century.

1956

9. The Adventures of Sir (1956 - 1958). Great Britain. Starring William Russell as Sir Lancelot. Featuring Cyril Smith as Merlin. British hnport. Produced by Sapphire Film Productions for the Incorporated Television Programme Company, 1956. Halfhour adventure series. Black and white. Thirty episodes. Ten episodes on five videocassettes have been released by Discount Video Tapes, Inc. Initially aired on Monday nights on NBC 8:00 - 8:30 PM from 24 September 1956 -24 June 1957. ABC aired reruns on Tuesday afternoons 5:00 -5:30 PM from October 1957 through September 1958. [CDPT6 20; IMDb; TT4 758; VSB19 131-32]

The series was set in the Dark Ages and, as the title suggests, retold the adventures of Sir Lancelot.

No specific information on Merlin available. However, in the episode entitled "The Ugly Duckling" (first aired 6 May 1957 and rebroadcast 18 March 1958) Merlin aids Sir Lancelot in protecting the daughter of the lord of Castle Lamorack.

1959

10. Merlin the Magician. United States. Written by Phil Rapp. Starring Richard Hearn. George Huskins and Associates, 1959. Unsold pilot. Comedy. Black and white. Not available on videocassette.

Merlin as magician. As the series premise, Merlin would conjure up twentieth century objects to solve problems in the days of King Arthur.

1962

11. The Quarry. Great Britain. Produced by John Boorman. 1:15. BBC-TV. Not available on videocassette.

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin. .. 5 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual A modem version of the Arthurian legend. No specific information on the role of Merlin, but he does appear in the film.

1963

12. "1 Was a Teenage Thumb." Merrie Me/odies. United States. Directed by Chuck Jones and Maurice . Written by Jolm W. Dunn and Chuck Jones. Featuring Mel Blanc as the voice of Ralph K. Merlin, Jr. Warner Brothers, 1963. Animated short. Not available on videocassette. Premiered in theaters 19 January 1963. Occasionally airs on 's Looney Tunes. [AA; EAC 95; IMDb]

Merlin (Ralph K. Merlin, Jr.) as magic-user and somewhat inept shape-shifter. Merlin appears in connection with the story of Tom Thumb. However unlike an earlier Warner Brothers short, this one presents the narrative as updated for a 1960s audience. Ralph K. Merlin, Jr. likes to help people, and so he grants the wish of Tom's mother-to-be.

13. Siege of the Saxons (United States) or King Arthur and the Siege of the Saxons (Great Britain). Great Britain. Directed by Nathan Juran. Written by John Kolm and Jud Kinberg. Featuring Jolm Laurie as Merlin. 1:25. Columbia Pictures, 1963. Not rated. Not available on videocassette. [AF;IMDb; MPG vn.29 12]

Merlin as queen- and king-maker. In the chaos after Arthur's (Mark Dignam) death, Merlin helps Katherine (Janette Scott), Arthur's daughter, and her future consort, the outlaw Robert Marshall (Ronald Lewis), ascend to the throne.

14. The Sword in the Stone. United States. Directed by Wolfgang Reitherman. Adaptation by Bill Peet of T. H. White's novel. Score by George Bruns. Songs by Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman. Featuring Karl Swenson as the voice of Merlin. 1:20. Walt Disney Studios, 1963. Rated G. Animated. Released on videocassette by Walt Disney Home Video. 1:19. [AA; AF;IMDb;MM28; MPG VII.3250;VSBI9 n.2407]

Merlin as teacher-wizard, shape-shifter, and time-traveler. Aided by his magic, Merlin urges (voiced by Ricky Sorenson) to rise above the "medieval muddle" and get a proper (i. e. twentieth-century) education.

15. Sword ofLance/ot (United States) or Lance/ot and (Great Britain). Great Britain. Directed by Cornel Wilde. Based on Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte Darthur. Written

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 6 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual by Richard Schayer and Jefferson Pascal. Featuring Mark Dignam as Merlin. 1:56. Emblem Productions and , 1963. Not rated. Released on video from MCAIUniversal Home Video, 1995. 1:55. [AA;AF; IMDb; MM28; MPG Vll.3251; VSB19 n.2407]

Merlin as adviser, potion-maker, and purveyor of cleanliness. A fairly traditional adaptation of Malory, except here Merlin is still alive at the revelation of 's affair.

1964

16. "Mr. Magoo's King Arthur" or "King Arthur." The Famous Adventures of Mr. Magoo (19 September 1964 -21 August 1965). United States. Quincy Magoo voiced by Jim Backus. :30. UPA. NBC-TV. Animated. Formerly available on videocassette with "Count of Monte Cristo." Series originally aired in prime time on Saturday nights. [AA; CDPT6 341; EAC 322 - 323; IMDb; TT4559]

No specific information available. However, Mr. Magoo appears here as Merlin.

1966

17. "Merlin's Magic Marbles." Superman, The New Adventures of Superman (10 September 1966 -7 September 1986). United States. Apx. :08. . CBS-TV. Animated. Not availableon videocassette. Airedon Saturdaymornings. [AA; EAC380;IMDb; TT4805]

Lex Luthor uses the eponymous "Merlin's Marbles" to help him commit crimes.

18. "Merlin the Magician." Time Tunnel (9 September 1966 - 1 September 1967). United States. Directed by Harry Harris. Written by William Welch. Featuring Christopher Cary as Merlin. :50. Irwin Allen ProductionslKent Productions Inc/20th Century Fox Television Inc. ABC-TV. Not available on videocassette. Episode 27. First aired 17 March 1967. Recently aired in the Science Fiction Channel. [ETVSF3 545; IMDb; SFCE 566; TT4841]

Merlin as time traveler and magician. Merlin takes control of the eponymous ''Time Tunnel" and sends Dr. Tony Newman (James Darren) and Dr. Doug Phillips (Robert Colbert) back in time to aid King Arthur (Jim McMullan) in his struggles against Wogan the Viking (Vincent Beck).

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin.. . 7 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual 1967

19. Camelot. United States. Directed by Joshua Logan. Written by Alan J. Lerner. Music by Frederick Loewe. Featuring Laurence Naismith as Merlyn. 2:59. Warner Brothers- Seven Arts, 1967. Not rated. Film version of the musical. Released on two videocassettes by Warner Home Video Inc. Now also available in a thirtieth anniversary commemorative edition in letterbox or regular format from Warner Home Video Inc., 1997 with film trailers, a documentary on the making of, and a telecast of the premiere. Film 2:58. Extra material :40. [AF; IMDb; MM 29; MPG ll.339; VSB191.368]

Merlin (here spelt Merlyn as in White) as teacher-wizard, prophet, and time-traveler. Based on the Lerner and Loewe Broadway musical Camelot (1961), which was in turn based on T. H. White's The Once and Future King (1958). In the film version Merlyn also functions as the initiator of the action of the film, when he calls to Arthur (Richard Harris) to think back to the day that he first saw Guenevere (Vanessa Redgrave).

1968

20. KingArthurand the SquareKnightsof the Round Table. GreatBritain. Directedby Zoran Janjic. Written by Lyle Martin, Rod Hall, Al Robinson, John Palmer, and A. Buzo. Music by Claire Bail. :30. Air Program International Productions. Wrightwood Entertainment Ltd. Animated. Syndicated. Released on videocassette by Active Home Video, 1984. 1:20. Premiered in 1968. [AA;EAC 278; IMDb]

Merlin as magic-user, adviser, artificer, and comedian. The series is a Jay Ward-esque approach to the Arthurian legend. On the video tape, Merlin appears in three shorts and two sketches. In addition, Merlin also appears in the series closing credits in a dance number with the other major figures. However, Merlin is absent in the opening credits.

1970

21. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court. Australia. Directed by Zoran Janjic. Starring Orson Bean as the voice of the "Connecticut Yankee." :30. Air Programs International Productions, 1970. Animated. Released on videocassette by MGM/UA Home Video Entertainment. 1:04. Premiered on CBS 26 November 1970. Rebroadcast 25 November 1971 and 23 November 1972 (in New York on WPIX). [AA;AF; EAC 194; VSB191.523]

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 8 .1999 Film & History CDROM Annual No specific infonnation on the role of Merlin, but he does appear as "Merlin the Magician. "

1974

22. Merlin and the Toothless Knights. Great Britain. British General Dental Council/I. D. Television. Animated. Also knownasMerlin's MagicMessage. [AA]

Merlin as purveyor of dental hygiene as a means to strengthen the knights. mid-1970s

23. Raven. Great Britain. by Jeremy Burnham and Trevor Ray. ATV. British television series. Not available on videocassette.

Merlin as mentor. An Arthur-type character (possibly Arthur reborn) emerges as the of a movement to preserve a series of caves connected to the legends of King Arthur. The boy's mentor, an archaeologist, may be Merlin reborn.

1976

24. "Scared a Lot in Camelot." United States. Scooby-Doo / Dynomutt Hour. ABC- TV. Hanna-Barbara Productions. Animated. Aired as part of both The Scooby-Doo / Dynomutt Hour (September -November 1976) and The Scooby-Doo / Dynomutt Show (December 1976- September 1977). [AA;EAC 409; TT4732]

Criminals assume the identity of the ghosts of Merlin and the Black Knight to scare Shaggy's uncle. late 1970s

25. Read All About It! Canada. TV Ontario. Canadian television series. Not available on videocassette.

Merlin as magic-user. Merlin uses his magic to transport a group of children to another world.

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 9 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual 1977

26. "The Ghost." League of Justice, The All-New Superfriends Hour (10September 1977 -Summer 1978). United States. ABC-TV. Hanna-Barbara. Animated. Not available on videocassette. One season. Part of episode 15. Airedon Saturdaymorningsfor onehour. [AA; EAC273; 1T4802]

The Super Friends utilize the "Rods of Merlin" to defeat the ghost of Gentleman Jim Craddock.

27. Merlin's Magic Cave. Animated. No longer available on videocassette, 1987. [AA]

No specific information on the role of Merlin. Morgan introduces stories that appear in "Merlin's Book."

1978

28. A Connecticut Rabbit in King Arthur's Court. United States. Directed by Chuck Jones. Voices by Mel Blanc. :30. Chuck Jones Enterprises/Warner Brothers. Animated. Released on videocassette as Bugs Bunny in King Arthur's Court by Warner Brothers Home Video, Inc., 1989. :25. Premiered on CBS-TV 23 February 1978. Rebroadcast on CBS on 22 November 1978. Later retitled Bugs Bunnyin KingArthur's Courtandaired 17November1979, 19 August 1981, and 10 March 1982. [AA; EAC 194; IMDb]

No specific information available on this adaptation of Mark Twain's novel. However, Daffy Duck is King Arthur and Yosemite Sam is Merlin to counteract Bugs Bunny as the Connecticut Rabbit.

1979

29. Merlin's Magic of Learning. United States. :15. Gilbert Alschul Productions and Journal Films. Educational programming. Animated. Released on videocassette. No none distributor. [AA; VSB19 1.1607]

Merlin as magic-user. Merlin transports three students into a world of fantasy, where learning is the way to discovery and solving problems. Designed to combat both truancy and boredom.

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 10 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual 30. Unidentified Flying Oddball (United States) or The Spaceman and King Arthur (Great Britain). United States. Directed by Russ Mayberry. Adaptation by Don Tait of Mark Twain's A Connecticut Yankee in J(jng Arthur's Court. Starring Denis Dugan as Tom Trimble. Featuring Ron Moody as Merlin. 1:33. Walt Disney Productions, 1979. Rated G. Released on video cassette by Walt Disney Home Video. 1:32. Re-released March 1999. Has also aired on The as A Spaceman in King Arthur's Court. [AF;IMDb; MM 31; MPG, VIII.3633; VSB19 II.2587]

Merlin as antagonist.

1980

31. Broceliande, ou Ie Royaume de Merlin. France. Produced by Jean KercWoron. Written by Jean Markale. Featuring Jean Markale as Merlin. FR3. Television program. Not available on videocassette.

No specific information on the role of Merlin.

1981

32. Excalibur. United States. Directed by John Boorman. Based on Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte Darthur. Story by John Boorman and Rospo Pallenberg. Starring Nicol Williamson as Merlin. 2:20. Co. and Warner Brothers, 1981. Rated R. Released on videocassette by Warner Home Video, Inc, 1991. 2:20. Also re-released on videocassette by Warner Home Video as part of their 75th anniversary (1998). 2:23. A PG version also exists and has aired in syndication. [AF; IMDb; MM 31; MPG ill.788; VSB191807]

Merlin as king-maker, sorcerer, and prophet. This depiction of Merlin has been called by many Arthurian enthusiasts the quintessential portrayal of the character, and it is a fairly traditional representation. However, this version is also heavily influence by J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings. The film was originally entitled Merlin Lives, but Boorman was forced to change it due to unspecified copyright problems.

33. Knightriders. United States. Directed and written by George A. Romero. Featuring Brother Blue as Merlin. 2:25. Laurel Entertainment and United Film Distribution, 1981. Rated R. Available on video from Fusion Video and Media Home Entertainment. 2:25. Re-released in

April 1999. [AF;IMDb; MPG IV.1557; VSB19 1.1371]

Mer/in atthe Multiplex: A Filmography of Mer/in. .. 11 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual Merlin as shaman and advisor. This film adapts the traditional Arthurian story in contemporary Pennsylvania with a group of bikers. A retired physician, Merlin is an African American with butterfly tattoos on his face. The Merlin of this film is also the keeper of the Arthurian legend, which he shares with Billy (Ed Harris), the Arthur figure.

34. Mr. Merlin (1981 - 1982). United States. Starring Barnard Hughes as Max Merlin. Columbia Pictures Television and Larry Larry Company. CBS-TV. Half-hour sitcom. Not available on videocassette. Aired Wednesday nights 8:00 -8:30 PM from 7 October 1981 - January 1982 and July 1982 - 15 September 1982. Also aired Monday nights 8:30 -9:00 PM from January 1982-March 1982. [CDPT6 687; IMDb; IT4559]

Merlin as wizard, mentor, and mechanic. As "Max Merlin," a sixteen hundred year old Merlin opens an auto repair shop in . Merlin chooses young Zachary "Zac" Rogers (Clark Brandon) as his apprentice. Also featured Alexandria (Elaine Joyce), a contemporary of Merlin, and Zac's friend, Leo Samuels (Jonathan Price).

1982

35. "Excalibur." Into the Labyrinth. Great Britain. Directed by Peter Graham Scott. Written by David Martin. HTV Production. Not available on videocassette. Episode 7 from seriesthree )28 July -8 September1982). Firstaired 8 September1982. [ETVSF3190- 191; IMDb; SFCE 214 -215]

No specific information available on the role of Merlin. This series combined magic and time travel, and it featured an eternal struggle between the white magician Rothgo (Ron Moody), later replaced by Lazlo (Chris Harris in series three), and the evil Belor (Pamela Salem). In the final episode of the third series, Lazlo appears as Merlin to aid King Arthur (Ewen Solon) and his Knights ofthe Round Table against Belor in the form of Morgan Le Fay.

1983

36. Excalibur, the Raising of the Sword. Great Britain. Directed by Dorian Cowland. Starring Adrian Lester and the Members of the Whaddon Boys Club. Whaddon Boys Club Film Unit, 1982. Shot in 16mm. Not available on videocassette. Premiered at the Welsh International Film Festival in 1983. With Welsh voice-over for Merlin's incantations. [AF]

No specific information available on the role of Merlin. The film recounts how a young

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 12 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual Merlin goes in search of Excalibur.

1984

37. "Knights and Demons." Spider-man and His Amazing Friends (15 September 1984 -6 September 1986). United States. Written by Donald F. Glut. :25. A Marvel Production. NBC-TV. Episode from season one (1984 - 1985). Originally aired on Saturday mornings. Recently aired in syndication as part of the (1999 season) on UPN. [EAC; ETVSF3 691; IMDb; 17'4780]

The Spider Friends and the Black Knight use the "Merlin Medallion" and the Knight's Merlin-forged Ebony Balde to defeat the sorcerer Modred the Evil and the demon Darkon.

1985

38. Arthur the King. United States and Great Britain. Directed by . Written by J. David Wyles. Starring Edward Woodward as Merlin. 2:00. Samuel Goldwyn Television. Martin Poll & Jadran Films in association with Comworld Productions. CBS-TV, 1983. Made for television film. Released on videocassette as by Live Entertainment and Vestron Video. 1:34. First aired on 26 April 1985, but it was completed originally in 1982 as a three-hour movie. CBS cut down the film considerably to air in a two- hour block. In subsequent airings, the film has been retitled Merlin and the Sword. [AF; IMDb; VSB191.1664]

Merlin as lover and magic-user. Merlin also takes on the role of savior when he sends his astral body back into the past to save Lancelot (Rupert Everett) from Morgan Le Fay's (Candice Bergen) magic. Moreover, at the end of the film, Merlin and Niniane (Lucy Gutteridge) attempt to return to the past and try to prevent the fall of Camelot.

39. "Merlin's Lost Book of Magic." Yogi's Treasure Hunt (1985 - 1986).United States. Hanna-Barbara. Animated. [AA;EAC 448]

Yogi and the rest of the crew must help Merlin recover his spell book in order to stop the imminent collision of Bailey's Comet with the Earth.

40. "Excalibur!" Thundercats (January/February 1985; September 1985 - 1987). United States. Written by Peter Lawrence. Rankin-Bass. Lorimar Telepictures. A Marvel

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 13 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual Production. :20. Animated. Not available on videocassette. Episode from season one. Originally syndicated. Now airs irregularly on The as part of . This episode was also adapted into the Thundercats Vol. 1,No. 20 (New York: ,February). [AA; EAC 252,434; ETVSF3 693; IMDb; TT4839]

Merlin as wizard. Merlin aids Lion-O (voiced by Larry Kenney), leader of the Thundercats, in his battle against the sorcerer Mumm-Ra (voiced by Eart Hammond), who has taken the guise of a returned King Arthur. Mumm-Ra, as Arthur, faces Lion-O in battle with Excalibur versus the Thundercats' Sword of Omens.

1986

41. "Merlin." The Centurions. United States. Ruby-Spears. Animated. Syndicated. [AA;EAC 302 (episode not listed); ETVSF3 684]

A descendant of Morgana, Merlin, and series regulars battle for possession of the mirror of Morgana and the crown of King Arthur.

42. "The Last Defender of Camelot." The [New] Twilight Zone (1985 - 1988). United States. Directed by Jeannot Szwarc. Teleplay by George R. R. Martin. Based on a story by Roger Zelazny. Music by Elliot Kaplan. Starring Norman Lloyd as Merlin. CBS Broadcast International Production. CBS-TV. Not available on videocassette. Episode 24b of season one. Two episodes aired per week. Aired with" A Day in Beaumont". Original airdate 11 April 1986 at 8:00 -9:00 PM. Series later aired at various timeslots and episodes varied between one hour and a half hour. Aired in syndication in 1988. [CDPT6 1075; ETVSF3 580; IMDb; SFCE 598; TT4871-872]

Merlin as would-be world conqueror. Lancelot (Richard Kiley) and Morgan Le Fay (Jenny Agutter) team up to prevent Merlin's plans from coming to fruition. .

1989

43. "Battlefield." (November 1963 -6 December 1989). Great Britain. Directedby MichaelKerrigan. Writtenby Ben Aaronovitch. Televisionseries. BBC Productions. BBC1. Releasedon videocassetteby BBCVideo, 1989. 1:30. Fourpart episode from season twenty-six. First aired Wednesday, 6 -27 September1989. The serieshas also aired in worldwide syndication. [ETVSF3 148; IMDb; SFCE 165; TT4226]

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 14 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual An episode from the long running series, "Battlefield" begins with Morgaine Ie Fay (Jean Marsh) attacking our world from another dimension, which the Doctor's future self has previously visited in that world's past. Apparently, the Doctor will be the Merlin of, at least, that dimension, and as such, the inhabitants of that dimension refer to him as Merlin. The episode depicts the seventh Doctor Who (Sylvester McCoy) and his friend Ace (Sophie Aldred) at an archaeological dig in England, where they first battle Morgaine and her son, (Christopher Bowen), for possession of Excalibur and then prevent them from setting off a nuclear explosion.

44. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court. United States. Directed by Mel Domski. Teleplay by Paul Zindel from Mark Twain's novel. Starring Keisha Knight Pulliam as Karen Jones of Hartford, Connecticut. Featuring Rene Auberjonois as Merlin. 2:00. A Schaeffer/KarpfProduction in association with Consolidated. NBC-TV, 1989. Made for television movie. Available on videotape from Family Home Entertainment. 1:40. First aired on 18 December 1989. [AF;IMDb; VSB191523]

Merlin as antagonist and charlatan magic-user. Merlin and Mordred are allied against Karen and Arthur (Michael Gross). As in the novel, the film ends with Merlin casting a sleep spell on Karen, and surprisingly, the spell works. Karen then awakens back in the twentieth century.

1990

45. Les Chevaliers de la Table Ronde (The Knights of the Round Table). France. Directed by Denis Llorca. 3:50. Les Films du Jeudi, 1989. Produced in 1989 and released in Paris in November 1990. [AF]

Film retelling of the Arthurian legend from the Vulgate Cycle, including the birth of Merlin and his enchantment by Vivien.

46. Merlin. Spain. Directed by Adolfo Arrieta. Based on Cocteau's les chevaliers de la Table Ronde. [IMDb; MM 32]

No information available on this film.

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 15 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual 1991

47. "King B. J." Beetlejuice. United States. Written by Jim Carlson and Terrance McDonnell. :30. Geffen Picture and , 1991. Animated. Aired both on Saturday mornings on ABC-TV and in syndication. Recently aired on the Cartoon Network. [IMDb; TT4 84]

Merlin as magician, adversary, and villain. This adaptation of Mark Twain's Connecticut Yankee, features Beetlejuice and his friend Lydia Deetze in the Neither-world version of Camelot, where they face the traitorous Merlin and the dreaded B. O. Wolf. .

48. The Legend oj Prince Valiant (1991 -1994). United States. Developed and produced by David J Corbett. Story editor Dianne Dixon. Featuring Alan Oppenheimer as the voice of Merlin and Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. as the voice of King Arthur. :30. The Family Channel. Animated. Premiered 3 September 1991 in prime time. A half hour series set in the days of King Arthur based on Harold R. Foster's Sunday comic strip of the same title. Sixty-five episodes were produced. [AA; CDPT6 588; IMDb]

Merlin as magic-user and lover. Throughout the series, Merlin uses his magic to aid the three aspiring knights Prince Valiant (Robby Benson), Am (Michael Horton), and Rowanne (Noelle North).

49. "Good Knight MacGyver." MacGyver (29 September 1985 -8 August 1992). 2 part episode. United States. Directed by Michael Vejar. Written by John Considine. Starring Richard Dean Anderson as Angus MacGyver. Featuring Time Winters as Merlin. 1:00 each. ABC-TV. Not available on videocassette. Episodes 7 and 8 from season seven. Originally aired 4 and 11 November 1991 at 8:00 -9:00 PM. Series later aired on USA Network. [CDPT6623; IMDb; TT4503]

Merlin as proto-scientist. Another adaptation of Mark Twain, this time with MacGyver playing the Yankee role in this two-part episode. MacGyver's boss, Peter Thorton (Dana Elear), appears here asa blind King Arthur.

50. . United States. Directed by Dennis J. Woodard and Hu Yihong. Written by Jane Yolen. Adapts Yolen's Merlin and the Dragons. Music by Michael Rubini. Narrated by Kevin Kline. :30. Lightyear Entertainment, 1990. Animated. Released on videocassette by Lightyear Entertainment, L. P., 1991 as part of the Stories to Remember series.

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 16 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual :27. Has also aired on television on PBS's Long Ago & Far Away (WGBH Boston), which aired 1989-1991 [1T4489]. [AA]

Merlin as seer, storyteller, and adviser to young Arthur. Adapts Yolen's traditional story Merlin and the Dragons (1991), which recounts the episode of Merlin and Vortigem's tower from Geoffrey of Monmouth, for children. Merlin tells Arthur about how young Emrys, later revealed to be Merlin, faced King and revealled that two dragon's slept beneath the king's tower.

51. Merlin of the Crystal Cave. Great Britain. Directed by Michael Darlow. Adapted for television by Steve Bescoby from Mary Stewart's The Crystal Cave. Starring George Winters as Merlin, Thomas Lambert as Merlin as a child, and lody David as Merlin as a boy. Noel Gay Television for BBC-TV in association with BBC Enterprises. Released on videocassette by CBS Fox Video, 1993. 2:39. Originally aired as six thirty-minute episodes on BBC 1 in November and December of 1991. There were plans to later adapt the remainder of Mary Stewart's Merlin trilogy. [VSB191.1607]

Merlin as seer, engineer, adviser, magic-user, healer, and inspired prophet. Following the events of The Crystal Cave (1970), Merlin recounts his youth and his time as adviser to kings Vortigern, Ambrosius (his father), and Uther (his uncle). Both opens and concludes with an episode from Stewart's The Hol/ow Hills (1973) depicting Arthur pulling the sword from the stone.

52. "Alternative Heroes." Outside Time. Great Britain. Directed by Sion Humphreys. :30. Made for Ffilimiau Brymgyn. Britain's Channel Four. A four-part dramatization of stories from the Welsh Mabinogion. Not available on videocassette.

No specific information on the role of Merlin. However, this was the fourth, and final, episode and dealt with Arthur consulting Merlin for advice.

53. Tom Thumb. United States. Directed by Gary Delfiner. Written and illustrated by Richard Jesse Watson. Narrated by Dom De Luise. Music by Joe Mc Sorley and Joe Parente. Gary Delfiner Productions. Animated. Released on videocassette by Worldvision Home Video, me., 1991. :30. [AA]

Merlin as benefactor. A version of the Tom Thumb story based Richard Jesse Watson's Tom Thumb (1989). Watson's illustrations form the basis of this "narrated storybook." Merlinat the Multiplex:A FilmographyofMerlin... 17 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual 1992

54. King Arthur and the Knights of Justice (1992 - 1997). France. Directed by Xavier Picard. Written by Jean Chalopin. English story adaptation by Jack Olesker. :30. Produced by Creativite & Developpement. In association with the Centre National de la Cinematographie. Animated. Syndicated by Bohbot Entertainment Worldwide as part of their Amazin! Adventures. Six episodes available on two videocassettes by and UAV Entertainment. Two seasons,copyrighted1992and 1994,but continuedto air at least into 1997. [AA]

Merlin functions primarily as a magic-user and protector as he aids the twentieth-century stand-ins for King Arthur and the Knights of Justice, a college football team from Connecticut. In "The High Ground," one of the knights likens Merlin to a coach. "The Dark Side" reveal that Merlin has divested himself of his evil side, a being known as Nilrem.

55. Merlin. Great Britain. Directed by Paul Hunt. Story by Paul Hunt and Nick McCarty. Screenplay by Nick McCarty. Featuring Rodney Wood as Merlin. 1:52. October 32nd Productions and United Film Makers Inc, 1992. Rated PG-13. Released on videocassette by Hemdale Home Video, Inc., 1994. 1:52. Re-released on videocassette in June 1999. Also known as Merlin: The True Story of Magic and October 32nd (working title). [AF; IMDb; MPG 1995236; VSB19 I.1607] .

Fantasy adventure film. Includes a flashback sequence set in medieval times with a focus on Merlin's daughter, Crystal, the , (Nadia Cameron) versus Pendragon, the son of Mordred, (Richard Lynch). These two characters are then reincarnated in the twentieth century, when they vie for control of the sword. Merlin reappears later in the film to defeat Pendragon.

1993

56. "Sir Yaksalot." (12 September 1993 - present). United States. Directed by Barry Caldwell. Written by Paul Rugg. Warner Bros., A Time-Warner Entertainment Company. Amblin Entertainment. FOX-TV. Animated short. Not available on videocassette. Part of episode 26 from season one. First aired 1 October 1993. Series originally aired on the FOX Network (1993 - 1995) but now airs on the WB Network as part of "Kids WB" (since 9 September 1995) and The Cartoon Network (since September 1998). [AA; IMDb;TT448]

Merlin as magic-user. Merlin conjures up the Warners: Yakko, Wakko, and Dot to save

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 18 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual Camelot from a dragon.

57. "Spell-bound." Animaniacs (12 September 1993 -present). United States. Directed by Rusty Mills and Dave Marshall. Written by John P. McCann. :30. Warner Bros., A Time- Warner Entertaimnent Company. Amblin Entertaimnent. FOX-TV. Animated. Not available on videocassette. Episode 38 from season one. First aired 10 November 1993. (See series information above.) This particular episode has also aired as part of the series (9 September 1995 -present) exclusively on the WB Network. [AA; IMDb; IT4 48 and 662]

Merlin as magic-user. This half hour episode starring Pinky and the Brain is set in England 1194. Merlin uses his powers to create a blueberry pie. He does not want to share with Arthur and the knights, so he goes to eat it in the dungeon. The Brain then devises another of his plans to take over the world, this time using Merlin's spell book and magic wand.

1994

58. "A Lighthouse in the Sea of Time." Gargoyles (10 October 1994 -present). United States. Written by Bryne Chandler Reaves and Lydia C. Marano. :25. Walt Disney Animation. Animated. Syndicated by Buena Vista Television as part of . Not available on videocassette. Episode 17. Aired as part of season two (1995 - 1996). First aired7 September 1995. After its cancellation, the series aired weekdays from 7:00 - 8:00 AM on the USA Network until September 1998. The series now airs daily on 11:00 PM-12:00 AM. [AA; ETVSF3 686; IMDb]

The episode involves the quest for the "Scrolls of Merlin," which are discovered to contain Merlin's reflections on his life and the reign of King Arthur. This episode also has a strong pro-literacy message.

59. "Pendragon." Gargoyles (10 October 1994 - present). UnitedStates. Writtenby Lydia C. Marano. :25. Walt Disney Animation. Animated. Syndicated by Buena Vista Television as part of The Disney Afternoon. Not available on videocassette. Episode 48. Aired as part of season two (1995 - 1996). First aired 12February 1996. (See seriesinformation above.) [AA; ETVSF3 686; IMDb]

This episode concludes with the recently awakened King Arthur setting off in search of Merlin, which would have continued in a spin-off series entitled Pendragon. Merlinat the Multiplex:A Filmographyof Merlin... 19 1999Film & HistoryCDROMAnnual 60. Guinevere. United States. Directed by Jud Taylor. Script by Ronni Kern based on the Guinevere novels of Persia Woolley. Featuring Donald Pleasence as Merlin. 2:00. Hearst Entertainment, Inc. and Alexander/Enright and Associates. Lifetime Cable Network, 1993. Made for television movie. Available on videocassette July 1999. First aired 15 May 1994.

[AF; IMDb]

Merlin as kingdom-maker. Merlin first aids young King Arthur Pendragon (Sean Patrick Flannery) in achieving both his kingdom and a queen. Later, Merlin leaves Arthur and the kingdom in the capable hands of Arthur's queen, Guinevere of Camelot (Cheryl Lee). Faced with adversity, Arthur and Guinevere rise above their troubles and vow to create a kingdom, which will serve as "a beacon to all people in all lands for all time."

61. Seaview Knights. Great Britain. Directed by Richard Kurti. Written by Bev Doyle and Richard Kurti. Featuring James Bolam as "Merlin." 1:41. Seaview Knights Productions. Stranger Than Fiction, Ltd. Previously available on videocassette from Guerilla Films (currently out of stock). 1:01. First shown at the 1994 Cannes Film Festival. [AF; IMDb]

Contemporary reworking of the Arthurian legend. "Merlin" is a taxi driver and former con-man, who encounters a would-be bank robber named Arthur (Clive Darby). Due to a blow on the head, Arthur believes he is King Arthur retUrned.

1995

62. Darkstalkers (1995 - 1997). United States. :30. Co. Ltd. Graz Entertainment Inc. The Summit Media Group Inc. Animated. Not available on videocassette. Syndicated. One season. Aired on Fridays in the same time slot as Capcom's Mega Man, which aired Monday -Thursday. American version of the series Vampire Hunter: The (1997) also known as Nightwarriors: Darkstalkers Revenge.

Merlin as wizard. Based on the popular video game Nightwarriors from Capcom. One character, Harry Grimoire, is a modem-day descen~t of Merlin and also a practicing wizard. Merlin appears in two episodes of the series: "Donavan's Bane" (written by Christy Marx) and "Darkest Before the Dawn" (written by Richard Mueller).

63. A Kid in King Arthur's Court. United States. Directed by Michael Gottlieb. Written by Michael Part and RobertL. Lovy. Featuring Ron Moody as Merlin. 1:31. . Rated PG. Released on videocassette by Buena Vista Home Video, 1996. Merlinat the Multiplex:A FilmographyofMerlin... 20 1999 Film &History CDROMAnnual 1:31. [AF;IMDb; MPG 1996177 -178; VSB19I.1355]

Merlin as teacher and magic-user. Confined to the Well of Destiny, Merlin searches the future for a knight, teenaged Calvin Fuller (Thomas Ian Nicholas) of Reseda, Californa, to restore King Arthur's (Joss Ackland) faith in himself and to save Camelot from the evils of Lord Belasco (Art Malik).

64. Kids of the Round Table. Canada. Directed by Robert Tinnell. Screenplay by David Stem based on an original short story by Robert Tinnell. Featuring Malcolm McDowell as Merlin. 1:29. Melenny Productions and Telefilm Canada, 1995. Premiered at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival. Released on videocassette by Cabin Fever Entertainment, 1996 as part of their Timeless Adventures series. 1:29. [AF; IMDb; VSB19I.1357]

Merlin as teacher. Merlin helps young Alex Cole (Johnny Morina) find the power of Excalibur ("Excalibur is the good in you.") within himself.

65. Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders (1995 - 1996). UnitedStates. Created and directed by Robert Mandell. :30. Produced by New Frontier Entertainment and Enchanted Camelot Productions, Inc. Animated. Some episodes from season one are available on videocassette. Syndicated by Bohbot Entertainment, Inc. as part of their Amazin! Adventures. Two seasons, copyrighted 1995 and 1996. Both seasons aired at least into 1997. [AA; IMDb]

Diminutive Merlin as absent teacher and "Wizard of Avalon." A series aimed at young girls. Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders ban together to save Merlin from the wild magic. They fail to rescue him in the first season but continue to try in the second season.

66. "Middle-Aged Felix." The Twisted Tales of Felix the Cat (16 September 1995- 1997). . CBS-TV. Animated. Not available on videocassette. Aired on Saturday mornings. Seriesalso knownas TheTwistedAdventuresof Felix the Cat. [AA;IMDb; TT4 872]

Felix travels back in time and battles Merlin.

67. A Young Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court. Canada. Directed by Ralph L. Thomas. Written by Frank Encarnacao and R. L. Thomas. Featuring Michael York as Merlin. Images Television International and Screen Partners, 1995. Distributed by Filmline International. Made for television movie. Released on videocassette by Cabin Fever Entertainment, 1996 as part of their Timeless Adventures series. 1:35. First aired on 1 June 1995

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 21 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual on Canada's The Movie Network as the first of the Young Classics Series. [AF; IMDb; VSB19 n.2802]

Merlin as magic-user, quester, and teacher (suggested). Yet another modern adaptation of Mark Twain's novel. However, this Merlin makes several references to the Celtic gods and even possesses the mythical head of Bran the Blessed. True to the Arthurian romances, this Merlin has also taught his magic to Morgan Le Fay (Theresa Russell), and she pays the price for her treachery against Arthur (Nick Mancuso). The film concludes when Merlin has completed his quest for the mysterious Elvis, "the one, true king," and through the aid of Elvis, the mage sends Hank Morgan (Philippe Ross) back home.

1996

68. Deepak Chopra's The Crystal Cave: Lessons from the Teachings of Merlin. United States. Narrated by Joanna Cassidy. Readings by Robert Guillaume as Merlin and Martin Sheen as Arthur. With commentary by Deepak Chopra. Released on videocassette by Inner Dimension packaged with a second videotape entitled Deepak Chopra's Alchemy: The Art of Spiritual Transformation 2:38. Aired on PBS, 1996.

Based on Deepak Chopra's book The Way of the Wizard. Uses adaptations of the Arthurian narrative to reveal the inner wizard in us all.

69. Johnny Mysto. United States. Directed by Jeff Burr. Written by Benjamin Carr. Featuring Ian Abercrombie as Merlin. Kusher-Locke Productions. Available on videocassette June 1999. [IMDb]

No specific information available on the role of Merlin. . This is another adaptation of the ConnecticutYankeestory,butwith the eponymousJohnnyMysto(ToranCaudell)replacingthe Yankee.

70. Merlin: The 10th Quest. United States. Commercial for game manufactured by Parker Brothers: Aired for Christmas 1996. Not available on videocassette.

Depicted a spectral Merlin urging the viewer to take up the quest.

71. "Elvis the King and his Knights of the Round Table." Great Momf!nts in Elvis History, The Muppets Tonight (8 March 1996 - present). UnitedStates. :30. Jim Henson

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 22 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual Television. ABC-TV. Not available on videocassette. Episode 6 of season one. This episode first aired 12 April 1996 (guest star Tony Bennett). Originally aired on ABC, and now airs weekends on The Disney Channel at 7:30 PM. [IMDb]

Merlin, Arthur, and Lancelot Muppets appear as Elvis impersonators in a segment from the continuing series "Great Moments in Elvis History." While the knights joke, Merlin rescues Lady Guinevere from a dragon.

1997

72. Camelot [I]. United States. Written by Peter S. Beagle. Lyrics by Merrill Fainsworth. :48. Part ofthe Enchanted Tales series. Golden Films. Sony Music Entertainment Inc. Animated. Released on videocassette by . :48. Has also aired in syndication as part of Sony's Enchanted Tales (1997-1998). [AA]

Merlin as magic-user, advisor, prophet, savior, and shape-shifter. Merlin rescues an infant Arthur and brings the baby to Avalon, where he is raised by both Merlin and Viviane. Later, Merlin and Viviane continue to use their magic and aid the adult Arthur, when he returns to the outside world.

73. Camelot [TI). Anchor Bay Entertainment. Animated. May be available on videocassette. [AA]

No specific information available. Merlin here serves as Arthur's foster father.

74. Magic Gushers. United States. Commercial for special version of the snack product called Fruit Gushers. Not available on videocassette. Aired in summer 1997 through spring 1998.

Depicts a young boy eating a Magic Gusher and then being transformed into Merlin. The narrator says, "For a blast of fruity taste that'll have you whirlin' like Merlin" as the boy transforms.

75. Merlin the Wizard. United States. Directed by Stephen Rulce. Written by Eric Maddern. Part of The Learning Channel's Legends of the Isles. Emdee Productions and The Learning Channel in association with RTE. Documentary. Released on videocassette by Acorn Media Publishing, Inc. with Fairies and Leprechauns (1997). Apx. :52. Later released on

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 23 1999 Film & History COROM Annual videocassette by Acorn Media with additional material as Merlin. King Arthur. and the Holy Grail (1998). 1:18.

Presents an overview of the legends of Merlin Ambrosius and Merlin Calidonius, but focuses on the ambiguous of legend, history, and myth. Includes live action footage, both modem and Victorian illustrations, and interviews with Geoffrey Ashe, Count Nikolai Tolstoy, and a druid named Ken Bailey.

76. "Oh, What a Tangled Spell She Weaves." Sabrina the Teenage Witch (27 September 1996 -present). United States. Written by David Weiss and Joan Binder Weiss. Directed by David Trainer. Starring Melissa Joan Hart as Sabrina. Featuring Bobcat Goldwaithe as Merlin. :22. Hartbreak Films Inc. and Productions. ABC-TV. Not available on videocassette. Episode 10 from season two. First aired 5 December 1997 at 9:00 PM as part of TGIF. The series continues to air at various times on Friday nights. [IMDb; SFCE 393 - 394]

Series based on the ' comic book of the same name. Sabrina casts a non- specific spell, which transports her aunts and their cat to Merlin's castle. One of her aunts used to date Merlin, who now enacts his revenge.

1998

77. ''The Demon Within." The New Batman/Superman Adventures. United States. Starring Kevin Conroy as Batman/Bruce Wayne and Matthew Valencia as Robin/Tim Drake. Featuring Billy Zane as The Demon/Jason Blood and Stephen Wolfe Smith as KIarion. :30. Warner Bros. Animated. Not available on videocassette. First aired on Kids WB 9 May 1998. The series airs on Kids WB Monday -Friday 4:00 -5:00 PM and Saturdays 8:00 -9:00 AM. [AA; IMDb]

This episode makes use of characters created by the late Jack Kirby for the comic book The Demon Vol. 1 (1972-74). Makes reference to the demon Entrigan as "Merlin's demon," and Jason Blood later recounts Merlin's actions during the fall of Camelot

78. Camelot: The Legend. United States. Directed by William R. Kowalchuk. Written by Lisa Moricoli-Latham and Elizabeth Logun. Music by Jim Latham. Featuring Long John Baldry as Merlin. GoodTimes Entertainment. Animated. Released on videocassette by GoodTimesHomeVideo Corp. Apx. 1:10. [AA]

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 24 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual Merlin as magic-user, advisor, narrator, and cross-dresser. Merlin narrates parts of this non-traditional, comedic adaptation of the Arthurian legend. However, Merlin primarily functions in his traditional roles, except for his relationship with the obese Morgan Le Fay (voiced by Saffron Henderson), who falls under the effects of her own love potion. Also in a bizarre twist of Merlin's shape-shifting abilities, Merlin at one point disguises himself as Guinevere, so the queen might escape from Morgan.

79. A Knight in Camelot. Directed by Roger Young. Written by Joe Wiesenfeld. Based on Mark Twain's Connecticut Yankee. Starring Whoppi Goldberg as Vivien Morgan. Featuring Ian Richardson as Merlin. Disney Television. NBC-TV. First aired 8 November 1998 as part of The Magical World of Disney. Not available on videocassette. [IMDb]

Merlin as antagonist, magician, and time-traveler. The only innovation here to the character of Merlin appears at the film's conclusion, when Merlin turns up in twentieth-century clothing and explains to Vivien that the preceding was a way to teach Arthur (Michael York) the values he needs to be a proper king. Merlin then acquiesces to Vivien's request to become Merlin's assistant.

80. Merlin. United States. Directed by Steve Barron. Written by David Stevens and Ed Klunara. Starring Sam Neill as Merlin. 4:00. NBC-TV. Hallmark Entertainment. Made for television mini-series. First aired on 26-27 April 1998 at 9-11 PM. Released on videocassette by Hallmark Home Entertainment and Family Home Entertainment. 2:20. [IMDb]

Merlin as magic-user ("a hand magician"), prophet, lover, hero, and advisor. Filmed on location in Great Britain, the mini-series explores the life of Merlin from his creation to his final passing from this world. The film presents a somewhat traditional account of the legend of Merlin, but much of the narrative is unique to this version. Here, Merlin is created by Mab (Miranda Richardson), the Queen of Darkness, to bring the British back to the old ways. He inevitably rebels and the film concludes after the British have forgotten Mab and then when Merlin has used up his remaining magic to restore himself and his beloved Nimue (Isabella Rossellini) to youth.

81. Merlin: The Magic Begins [pilot] Canada and the United States. Directed by . Written by Tom Richards. Starring Jason Connery as Merlin. Distributed by Seagull Entertainment and Kaleidoscope Media Group. 2:00. Pilot movie for syndicated series. Also known as Merlin: The Quest Begins while in preproduction. The pilot aired in syndication in

Merlin at the Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 25 1999 Film & History COROM Annual select areas of the country during late October -November 1998. [IMDb]

The pilot and series (see "Works in Progress" below) will explore the adventures of a young Merlin as he learns about his new found powers. The cast also includes Hengist (Andy Bryden), Nimue (Deborah Moore), and Blaze (Gareth Thomas), Merlin's mentor.

82. The Questfor Camelot. United States. Written by Kirk Di Micco and William Schifrin. Directed by Frederik Du Chau. Based on Vera Chapman's The King's Damsel. With music by Patrick Doyle. Songs by David Foster and Carole Bayer Sager. Featuring Sir John Gielgud as the voice of Merlin. 1:20. Warner Brothers Feature Animation. Animated. Rated G. Released on videocassette by Wamer Home Video, 1998. 1:26. [AA; IMDb]

Merlin as sage, advisor, magic-user (suggested), prophet (implied), and healer. Merlin appears several scenes in connection with King Arthur (voiced by Pierce Brosnan), but he also appears in connection with the new generation of knights, Kayley (voiced by Jessalyn Gilsig) and the blind Garrett (voiced by Cary Elwes). .

Works in Progress

83. Merlin: The Magic Begins [series]. Canada and the United States. Starring Jason Connery as Merlin. Distributed by Seagull Entertainment and Kaleidoscope Media Group. Syndicated series based on the pilot Merlin: The Magic Begins (1998). Also known as Merlin: The Quest Begins and Young Merlin while in preproduction. Twenty-two episodes of the regular series were produced. Expected for a fall 1999 release. [IMDb]

Merlin atthe Multiplex: A Filmography of Merlin... 26 1999 Film & History CDROM Annual Works Consulted

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