DOCSLIB.ORG

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1630-128 I MAGELLAN I I I I FINAL SCIENCE REPORTS I I October 22, 1993 I I I I. I I NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION JET PROPULSION LABORATORY I CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PASADENA, CALIFORNIA I I JPL D-11092 I I I I 1630-128 I MAGELLAN I I I FINAL SCIENCE REPORTS I I October 22, 1993 I I I I COMPILED BY I THOMAS W. THOMPSON SCIENCE AND MISSION PLANNING OFFICE I I Distribution: Magellan Investigators and Staff I NASA Magellan Program Office I JPL D-11092 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I MAGELLAN FINAL SCIENCE REPORTS I Table of Contents Executive Summary ......................................................................................... , ................. iii I Role Statements .................................................................................................................. iv I Reports Submitted by: Akim, E. L. Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow ................................................................. 1 Arvidson, R. E. I Washington University ........................................................................................... 3 Baker, V. R. University of Arizona .............................................................................................. 7 I Balmino, G. Centre National d' Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse .................................................... 17 Banerdt, W. B. Jet Propulsion Laboratory .................................................................................... 19 I Basilevsky, A. T. Vernadsky Institute ............................................................................................... 21 Campbell, D. I Cornell University ................................................................................................ 25 Davies, M. The RAND Corporation ........................................................................................ 29 I Elachi, C. Jet Propulsion Laboratory ..................................................................................... 49 Goldstein, R. M. Jet Propulsion Laboratory ..................................................................................... 51 I Greeley, R. Arizona State University ....................................................................................... 53 Guest, J. E. I University of London Observatory ....................................................................... 59 Head, J. W., III Brown University .................................................................................................. 67 I Jenkins, J. SETI Institute ........................................................................................................ 91 Kaula, W. M. University of California, Los Angeles ................................................................. 95 I Keating, G. Langley Research Center ...................................................................................... 99 Kirk, R. L. I U. S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff ..................................................................... 103 Leberl, F. W. V excel Corporation ............................................................................................. 109 Malin, M. C. I Malin Institute ..................................................................................................... 119 McGill, G. E. University of Massachusetts ............................................................................... 123 I Moore, H. J. U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park ................................................................. 127 I I I MAGELLAN FINAL SCIENCE REPORTS I Table of Contents (Continued) I Muhleman, D. 0. California Institute of Technology ...................................................................... 131 Pettengill, G. H. I Massachusetts Institute of Technology ............................................................... 133 Phillips, R. J. Washington University ....................................................................................... 139 Sandwell, D. I Scripps Institute, University of California, San Diego ....................................... 145 Saunders, R. S. Jet Propulsion Laboratory ................................................................................... 149 I Schaber, G. G. U. S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff ..................................................................... 153 Schubert, G. I University of California, Los Angeles ................................................................ 163 Schultz, P. H. Brown University ................................................................................................ 171 Sharpton, V. L. I Lunar and Planetary Institute .............................................................................. 175 Sjogren, W. L. Jet Propulsion Laboratory ................................................................................... 179 I Soderblom, L. A. U. S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff ..................................................................... 183 Solomon, S. C. Carnegie Intitution of Washington ...................................................................... 189 I Squyres, S. W. Cornell University ............................................................................................... 199 Suppe, J. I Princeton University ........................................................................................... 201 Turcotte, D. L. Cornell University ............................................................................................... 205 I Tyler, G. L. Stanford University ............................................................................................. 209 Wood,J.A. Smithsonian Observatory .................................................................................... 213 I Zakharov, A. V. Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow ............................................................. 219 I Acronymns ...................................................................................................................... 221 I I I I ii I I I Executive Summary I This volume is a brief summary of the scientific results of the Magellan Venus mapping mission as reported by the Magellan science investigators. I Magellan has exceeded all of its mission objectives by obtaining high resolution radar images, surface elevation, and radiometry for more than 98% of the planet. The amount of stereo data gathered on Venus is more than that available for any other planet. I Magellan's fourth cycle collected gravity data from an elliptical orbit to provide information on the relationships between surface features and the interior of the planet. I With the successful completion of the aero braking experiment, the spacecraft, in its lower orbit around Venus, has captured high resolution gravity near the poles from the nearly I circular orbit. Every attempt has been made to provide useful documentation for the complete Magellan data set. Magellan data have been released to the public through the Planetary Data System I (PDS) and the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) in photographs, lithos, brochures, digital form, and compact discs. With the release of Magellan data on the I compact disc read-only-memory (CD-ROM) a revolutionary new way of doing science has resulted. This technology provides a way to store, distribute and access large I volumes of data. The Magellan science investigators have utilized this wealth of data to provide I answers to questions we have been asking for a long time. I would like to personally thank everyone on the Magellan team for the success of this important mission, a mission I that has revealed information that will help us to better understand our own Planet Earth. R. Stephen Saunders I Magellan Project Scientist I I I I I I iii I INVESTIGATOR ROLE STATEMENTS I The following investigators were originally selected by NASA to participate in I the Venus Orbiting Imaging Radar (VOIR) Mission. When VOIR became an official NASA mission, the following role statements were established. The Radar Investigation I Group (RADIO) and the Gravity Investigation Group (GRA VIG) were reapproved when the Venus mapping mission that became the Magellan Project was established. These role statements include only the parts of each assignment that pertain to science analysis I and do not necessarily include Project Science Group (PSG) or PSG Working Group assignments. Each investigator selected was chosen for his expertise in carrying out I some of the responsibilities of the assigned investigation group. I Raymond Arvidson: His responsibility is to determine the nature and extent of the sedimentary cover on Venus and the extent of possible fluvial or eolian processes which I have contributed to the development and modification of this cover. He is also responsible for seeing that the data products are properly archived. As Chairman of the Data Products Working Group, he serves on the Project Science Group. I Victor Baker: His responsibility is to perform geomorphic analysis of the image I products of the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) with emphasis on the interpretation of Venus landforms that are products of degradation, including analysis of features created I by eolian, fluvial, mass wasting, and weathering processes. I Georges Balmino: His responsibility is to produce the estimates of the spherical harmonic coefficients of the gravity field. I Nicole Borderies Rappaport: Her responsibility is to participate in the analysis and interpretation of the tracking data for gravity and geophysics
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Flexible Lunar Architecture for Exploration (FLARE) Designed for the Artemis-3 Moon 2024 Mission and Beyond
    NASA/TP-2020-220517 The Flexible Lunar Architecture for Exploration (FLARE) Designed for the Artemis-3 Moon 2024 mission and beyond Dr. Michael E. Evans Planetary Scientist Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science (ARES) Division NASA Johnson Space Center [email protected] 281-483-3276 Mr. Lee D. Graham Senior Research Engineer Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science (ARES) Division NASA Johnson Space Center [email protected] 281-244-5192 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas 77058 April 2020 NASA STI Program Office ... in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the • CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. advancement of aeronautics and space science. The Collected papers from scientific and NASA scientific and technical information (STI) technical conferences, symposia, seminars, program plays a key part in helping NASA or other meetings sponsored or maintain this important role. co-sponsored by NASA. The NASA STI program operates under the • SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, auspices of the Agency Chief Information Officer. technical, or historical information from It collects, organizes, provides for archiving, and NASA programs, projects, and missions, disseminates NASA’s STI. The NASA STI often concerned with subjects having program provides access to the NTRS Registered substantial public interest. and its public interface, the NASA Technical Report Server, thus providing one of the largest • TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. collections of aeronautical and space science STI in English-language translations of foreign the world. Results are published in both non-NASA scientific and technical material pertinent to channels and by NASA in the NASA STI Report NASA’s mission. Series, which includes the following report types: Specialized services also include organizing • TECHNICAL PUBLICATION.
    [Show full text]
  • Meteorite Impacts, Earth, and the Solar System
    Traces of Catastrophe A Handbook of Shock-Metamorphic Effects in Terrestrial Meteorite Impact Structures Bevan M. French Research Collaborator Department of Mineral Sciences, MRC-119 Smithsonian Institution Washington DC 20560 LPI Contribution No. 954 i Copyright © 1998 by LUNAR AND PLANETARY INSTITUTE The Institute is operated by the Universities Space Research Association under Contract No. NASW-4574 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Material in this volume may be copied without restraint for library, abstract service, education, or personal research purposes; however, republication of any portion thereof requires the written permission of the Insti- tute as well as the appropriate acknowledgment of this publication. Figures 3.1, 3.2, and 3.5 used by permission of the publisher, Oxford University Press, Inc. Figures 3.13, 4.16, 4.28, 4.32, and 4.33 used by permission of the publisher, Springer-Verlag. Figure 4.25 used by permission of the publisher, Yale University. Figure 5.1 used by permission of the publisher, Geological Society of America. See individual captions for reference citations. This volume may be cited as French B. M. (1998) Traces of Catastrophe:A Handbook of Shock-Metamorphic Effects in Terrestrial Meteorite Impact Structures. LPI Contribution No. 954, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston. 120 pp. This volume is distributed by ORDER DEPARTMENT Lunar and Planetary Institute 3600 Bay Area Boulevard Houston TX 77058-1113, USA Phone:281-486-2172 Fax:281-486-2186 E-mail:[email protected] Mail order requestors will be invoiced for the cost of shipping and handling. Cover Art.“One Minute After the End of the Cretaceous.” This artist’s view shows the ancestral Gulf of Mexico near the present Yucatán peninsula as it was 65 m.y.
    [Show full text]
  • Utilizing the Analytical Hierarchy Process to Determine the Optimal Lunar Habitat Configuration
    Acta Astronautica 173 (2020) 145–154 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Acta Astronautica journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/actaastro Utilizing the Analytical Hierarchy Process to determine the optimal lunar T habitat configuration ∗ Michael Higgins , Haym Benaroya Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, 98 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Discussion over how to construct a sustainable lunar base has been ongoing since before the Apollo program, Lunar habitat with no clear answers emerging. In this study, a decision support tool known as the Analytical Hierarchy Process Inflatable habitat (AHP) is used to narrow down what the optimal characteristics of a lunar habitat would be. The mathematical Analytical Hierarchy Process basis for AHP, as well as its criticisms, are briefly detailed. AHP is subsequently applied to lunar habitats afterthe Multi-criteria decision making central design characteristics and judging criteria for such characteristics are determined. Ultimately, we de- termined that inflatable habitats should be slightly favored over rigid habitats for lunar applications andgreatly favored over other habitat concepts. Hybrid structures may provide an appropriate compromise between in- flatable and rigid habitats. AHP also suggested that utilizing a Vectran restraint layer and deploying thehabitat using columnation and compartmentalization are much more desirable than their alternatives. Further, it also suggested that an inflatable habitat should be cylindrical and pressurized to sea level pressure. A sensitivity analysis is conducted on these results. Through this study, the use of AHP to make quantitative, impartial decisions, given complex aerospace problems with many influential criteria and potential options, is demon- strated.
    [Show full text]
  • User Guide To
    USER GUIDE TO 1 2 5 0 , 000 S CA L E L U NA R MA P S DANNY C. KINSLER Lunar Science Institute 3303 NASA Road #1 Houston, TX 77058 Telephone: 713/488-5200 Cable Address: LUNSI The Lunar Science Institute is operated by the Universities Space Research Association under Contract No. NSR 09-051-001 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This document constitutes LSI Contribution No. 206 March 1975 USER GUIDE TO 1 : 250 , 000 SCALE LUNAR MAPS GENERAL In 1 972 the NASA Lunar Programs Office initiated the Apoll o Photographic Data Analysis Program. The principal point of this program was a detail ed scientific analysis of the orbital and surface experiments data derived from Apollo missions 15, 16, and 17 . One of the requirements of this program was the production of detailed photo base maps at a useabl e scale . NASA in conjunction with the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) commenced a mapping program in early 1973 that would lead to the production of the necessary maps based on the need for certain areas . This paper is desi gned to present in outline form the neces- sary background information for users to become familiar with the program. MAP FORMAT The scale chosen for the project was 1:250,000* . The re- search being done required a scale that Principal Investigators (PI's) using orbital photography could use, but would also serve PI's doing surface photographic investigations. Each map sheet covers an area four degrees north/south by five degrees east/west. The base is compiled from vertical Metric photography from Apollo missions 15, 16, and 17.
    [Show full text]
  • Accepted Manuscript
    Accepted Manuscript Explosive volcanism on Mercury: analysis of vent and deposit morphology and modes of eruption Lauren M. Jozwiak , James W. Head , Lionel Wilson PII: S0019-1035(17)30191-4 DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2017.11.011 Reference: YICAR 12695 To appear in: Icarus Received date: 1 March 2017 Revised date: 31 October 2017 Accepted date: 6 November 2017 Please cite this article as: Lauren M. Jozwiak , James W. Head , Lionel Wilson , Explosive volcanism on Mercury: analysis of vent and deposit morphology and modes of eruption, Icarus (2017), doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2017.11.011 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 1 Highlights: Explosive volcanic morphologies on Mercury are divided into three classes. We present analysis of vent dimensions, locations, and stratigraphic ages. We find evidence for formation into relatively recent mercurian history. We use vent morphology and location to determine formation geometry. We find support for eruptions both at and above critical gas volume fractions. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 Explosive volcanism on Mercury: analysis of vent and deposit morphology and modes of eruption Lauren M. Jozwiak1,2*, James W. Head1 and Lionel Wilson1,3 1Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, 324 Brook Street Box 1846, Providence, RI, 02912 2*Planetary Exploration Group, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Modeling, Theoretical and Observational Studies of the Lunar Photoelectron Sheath
    Modeling, Theoretical and Observational Studies of the Lunar Photoelectron Sheath by Andrew Reinhold Poppe B.A., Physics, summa cum laude B.A., Mathematics University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 2006 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Colorado in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Physics 2011 This thesis entitled: Modeling, Theoretical and Observational Studies of the Lunar Photoelectron Sheath written by Andrew Reinhold Poppe has been approved for the Department of Physics Mih´aly Hor´anyi Scott Robertson Date The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. iii Poppe, Andrew Reinhold (Ph.D., Physics) Modeling, Theoretical and Observational Studies of the Lunar Photoelectron Sheath Thesis directed by Prof. Mih´aly Hor´anyi The Moon, lacking an atmosphere and a global magnetic field, is directly exposed to both solar ultraviolet radiation and a variety of ambient plasmas. On the lunar dayside, a photoelectron sheath develops and the surface typically charges positively since the photoemission current is at least an order-of-magnitude greater than any ambient current. This sheath dominates the near- surface plasma environment and controls the charging, levitation and transport of micron-sized dust grains. In this thesis, we first model the lunar near-surface plasma environment via a one-dimensional particle-in-cell code. The sheath potential, electric field and plasma densities are presented over a wide range of plasma parameters.
    [Show full text]
  • Lunar 1000 Challenge List
    LUNAR 1000 CHALLENGE A B C D E F G H I LUNAR PROGRAM BOOKLET LOG 1 LUNAR OBJECT LAT LONG OBJECTIVE RUKL DATE VIEWED BOOK PAGE NOTES 2 Abbot 5.6 54.8 37 3 Abel -34.6 85.8 69, IV Libration object 4 Abenezra -21.0 11.9 55 56 5 Abetti 19.9 27.7 24 6 Abulfeda -13.8 13.9 54 45 7 Acosta -5.6 60.1 49 8 Adams -31.9 68.2 69 9 Aepinus 88.0 -109.7 Libration object 10 Agatharchides -19.8 -30.9 113 52 11 Agrippa 4.1 10.5 61 34 12 Airy -18.1 5.7 63 55, 56 13 Al-Bakri 14.3 20.2 35 14 Albategnius -11.2 4.1 66 44, 45 15 Al-Biruni 17.9 92.5 III Libration object 16 Aldrin 1.4 22.1 44 35 17 Alexander 40.3 13.5 13 18 Alfraganus -5.4 19.0 46 19 Alhazen 15.9 71.8 27 20 Aliacensis -30.6 5.2 67 55, 65 21 Almanon -16.8 15.2 55 56 22 Al-Marrakushi -10.4 55.8 48 23 Alpetragius -16.0 -4.5 74 55 24 Alphonsus -13.4 -2.8 75 44, 55 25 Ameghino 3.3 57.0 38 26 Ammonius -8.5 -0.8 75 44 27 Amontons -5.3 46.8 48 28 Amundsen -84.5 82.8 73, 74, V Libration object 29 Anaxagoras 73.4 -10.1 76 4 30 Anaximander 66.9 -51.3 2 31 Anaximenes 72.5 -44.5 3 32 Andel -10.4 12.4 45 33 Andersson -49.7 -95.3 VI Libration object 34 Angstrom 29.9 -41.6 19 35 Ansgarius -12.7 79.7 49, IV Libration object 36 Anuchin -49.0 101.3 V Libration object 37 Anville 1.9 49.5 37 38 Apianus -26.9 7.9 55 56 39 Apollonius 4.5 61.1 2 38 40 Arago 6.2 21.4 44 35 41 Aratus 23.6 4.5 22 42 Archimedes 29.7 -4.0 78 22, 12 43 Archytas 58.7 5.0 76 4 44 Argelander -16.5 5.8 63 56 45 Ariadaeus 4.6 17.3 35 46 Aristarchus 23.7 -47.4 122 18 47 Aristillus 33.9 1.2 69 12 48 Aristoteles 50.2 17.4 48 5 49 Armstrong 1.4 25.0 44
    [Show full text]