Mongolian Saiga Subspecies (Or Species)
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Goitered Gazelle
1 of 7 Proposal II / 14 PROPOSAL FOR INCLUSION OF SPECIES ON THE APPENDICES OF THE CONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF MIGRATORY SPECIES OF WILD ANIMALS A. PROPOSAL: Inclusion of the Mongolian gazelle Procapra gutturosa to the CMS Convention’s Appendix II B. PROPONENT: Mongolia C. SUPPORTING STATEMENT 1. Taxon 1.1. Classis: Mammalia 1.2. Ordo: Artiodactila 1.3. Familia: Bovidae 1.4. Subfamiliae: Gazellinae 1.5. Genus: Procapra 1.6. Species: Procapra gutturosa Pallas, 1777 1.7. Common names: English: Mongolian or White-tailed gazelle French: German: Mongolei-Gazelle Russian: Dzeren or Zobastaya gazel’ Spanish: Mongolian: Tsagaan dzeer 2. Biological data 2.1. Distribution At the beginning of XX century, Mongolian gazelles were noted around the north-eastern border of Kazakhstan in the Ili Basin and Irtish Valley (Antipin 1941), but they later dissappeared there completely (Afanasiev et al., 1953, cited in Bekenov et al. 2001). Mongolian gazelles were formerly found at three localities in Russian Federation along the border with Mongolia: the Chuya or Chuiiskaya steppes of the Kosh-Agach Region in the Altai; the southern part of Tuva Autonomous Republic south of the Tannu-Ula Range and the northern edge of the Uvs Nuur Basin; and southeast Transbaikalia, on the steppes between the rivers Onon and Arguni, penetrating north to about 500 30’ (Heptner et al. 1961, cited in Zhirnov 2001). They now only occur in very small numbers as sporadic visitors to one of these localities, the steppes of southeastern Transbaicalia (Zhirnov 2001, Lhagvasuren and Milner-Gulland, 1997). Former distribution of Mongolian gazelle in China extended through seven provinces of northern and northeastern China: Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Hobei, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, and Jilin (Jiang and Sung 2001). -
Diet of Gazella Subgutturosa (G黮denstaedt, 1780) and Food
Folia Zool. – 61 (1): 54–60 (2012) Diet of Gazella subgutturosa (Güldenstaedt, 1780) and food overlap with domestic sheep in Xinjiang, China Wenxuan XU1,2, Canjun XIA1,2, Jie LIN1,2, Weikang YANG1*, David A. BLANK1, Jianfang QIAO1 and Wei LIU3 1 Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China 3 School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China Received 16 May 2011; Accepted 12 August 2011 Abstract. The natural diet of goitred gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) was studied over the period of a year in northern Xinjiang, China using microhistological analysis. The winter food habits of the goitred gazelle and domestic sheep were also compared. The microhistological analysis method demonstrated that gazelle ate 47 species of plants during the year. Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae were major foods, and ephemeral plants were used mostly during spring. Stipa glareosa was a major food item of gazelle throughout the year, Ceratoides latens was mainly used in spring and summer, whereas in autumn and winter, gazelles consumed a large amount of Haloxylon ammodendron. Because of the extremely warm and dry weather during summer and autumn, succulent plants like Allium polyrhizum, Zygophyllum rosovii, Salsola subcrassa were favored by gazelles. In winter, goitred gazelle and domestic sheep in Kalamaili reserve had strong food competition; with an overlap in diet of 0.77. The number of sheep in the reserve should be reduced to lessen the pressure of competition. -
Central Eurasian Aridland Mammals Action Plan
CMS CONVENTION ON Distr. General MIGRATORY UNEP/CMS/ScC17/Doc.13 SPECIES 8 November 2011 Original: English 17 th MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL Bergen, 17-18 November 2011 Agenda Item 17.3.6 CENTRAL EURASIAN ARIDLAND MAMMALS ACTION PLAN (Prepared by the Secretariat) Following COP Recommendation 9.1 the Secretariat has prepared a draft Action Plan to complement the Concerted and Cooperative Action for Central Eurasian Aridland Mammals. The document is a first draft, intended to stimulate discussion and identify further action needed to finalize the document in consultation with the Range States and other stakeholders, and to agree on next steps towards its implementation. Action requested: The 17 th Meeting of the Scientific Council is invited to: a. Take note of the document and provide guidance on its further development and implementation; b. Review and advise in particular on the definition of the geographic scope, including the range states, and the target species (listed in table 1); and c. Provide guidance on the terminology currently used for the Action Plan, agree on a definition of the term aridlands and/or consider using the term drylands instead. Central Eurasian Aridland Mammals Draft Action Plan Produced by the UNEP/CMS Secretariat November 2011 1 Content 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Vision and Main Priority Directions ................................................................................................... -
Eastern Steppe of Mongolia 2 BEST of the WILD: Wildlife Conservation Society and the Eastern Steppe of Mongolia
BEST OF THE WILD: WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY and the EASTERN STEPPE of MONGOLIA 2 BEST OF THE WILD: WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY and the EASTERN STEPPE of MONGOLIA PHOTO CREDITS: (CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT) COVER: K. OLSON; INSIDE COVER: WCS; PAGE 2: ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF BIRDS; PAGE 3: G. SCHALLER; MAP: O. LKHAMJAV & R. ROSE; PAGE 5: A. WINTERS (TOP); K. OLSON (2); PAGE 7: D. TUVSHINJARGAL (TOP), ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF BIRDS (2); PAGE 9: A. WINTERS; ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF BIRDS; A. WINTERS; T. MUELLER; PAGE 10: A. WINTERS; PAGE 11: A. FINE (TOP), A. WINTERS (2); PAGE 13: K. OLSON; A. WINTERS. WCS AND THE EASTERN STEPPE OF MONGOLIA With its vast open plains, rolling hills and pristine wetlands, Mongolia’s Eastern Steppe is one of Asia’s last grassland wildernesses. Great migratory herds of Mongolian gazelle roam here with grey wolves, Siberian marmots, eastern moose, red deer, roe deer, corsac foxes, Pallas’ cats, and Daurian hedgehogs, alongside six of the world’s 13 crane species, and nesting popu- lations of golden eagle, steppe eagle, saker falcon, Amur falcon, red-footed falcon, lesser kestrel, and black vulture. Globally important populations of whooper swan and swan goose grace its clear lakes, while six-foot taimen—a trout called “river wolf” by local people—swim its rivers. At 110,425 square miles—more than twice the size of New York State —most of the land on the Eastern Steppe is government-owned pasture used by the 200,000 nomadic Cover: A male gazelle poised herders living in small communities dotted across the landscape. -
REPORT on TRANSBOUNDARY CONSERVATION HOTSPOTS for the CENTRAL ASIAN MAMMALS INITIATIVE (Prepared by the Secretariat)
CONVENTION ON UNEP/CMS/COP13/Inf.27 MIGRATORY 8 January 2020 SPECIES Original: English 13th MEETING OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES Gandhinagar, India, 17 - 22 February 2020 Agenda Item 26.3 REPORT ON TRANSBOUNDARY CONSERVATION HOTSPOTS FOR THE CENTRAL ASIAN MAMMALS INITIATIVE (Prepared by the Secretariat) Summary: This report was developed with funding from the Government of Switzerland within the frame of the Central Asian Mammals Initiative (CAMI) (Doc. 26.3.5) to identify transboundary conservation hotspots and develop recommendations for their conservation. The report builds on existing projects, in particular, the CAMI Linear Infrastructure and Migration Atlas (see Inf.Doc.19) and focusses on the same species and geographical area. The study was discussed during the CAMI Range State Meeting held from 25-28 September 2019 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia where participants reviewed the pre-identified areas. Their comments are incorporated in this report. Participants also provided new information about important transboundary sites from Bhutan, India, Nepal and Pakistan and recommended to send the report for final review to Range States and experts. It was also recommended that the final report covers all CAMI species as adopted at COP13. This report is therefore a final draft with the last step to expand the geographical and species scope and finalize the report to be undertaken after COP13. Mapping Transboundary Conservation Hotspots for the Central Asian Mammals Initiative Photo credit: Viktor Lukarevsky Report – Draft 5 incorporating comments made during the CAMI Range States Meeting on 25-28 September 2019 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The report does not yet consider the Urial, Persian leopard and Gobi bear as CAMI species pending decision at the CMS COP13, as well as the proposed expansion of the geographic and species scope to include the entire CAMI region in this study. -
Slender-Horned Gazelle Gazella Leptoceros Conservation Strategy 2020-2029
Slender-horned Gazelle Gazella leptoceros Conservation Strategy 2020-2029 Slender-horned Gazelle (Gazella leptoceros) Slender-horned Gazelle (:Conservation Strategy 2020-2029 Gazella leptoceros ) :Conservation Strategy 2020-2029 Conservation Strategy for the Slender-horned Gazelle Conservation Strategy for the Slender-horned Conservation Strategy for the Slender-horned The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of any participating organisation concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or other participating organisations. Compiled and edited by David Mallon, Violeta Barrios and Helen Senn Contributors Teresa Abaígar, Abdelkader Benkheira, Roseline Beudels-Jamar, Koen De Smet, Husam Elalqamy, Adam Eyres, Amina Fellous-Djardini, Héla Guidara-Salman, Sander Hofman, Abdelkader Jebali, Ilham Kabouya-Loucif, Maher Mahjoub, Renata Molcanova, Catherine Numa, Marie Petretto, Brigid Randle, Tim Wacher Published by IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group and Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh, United Kingdom Copyright ©2020 IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Recommended citation IUCN SSC ASG and RZSS. 2020. Slender-horned Gazelle (Gazella leptoceros): Conservation strategy 2020-2029. IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group and Royal Zoological Society of Scotland. -
Cervid Mixed-Species Table That Was Included in the 2014 Cervid RC
Appendix III. Cervid Mixed Species Attempts (Successful) Species Birds Ungulates Small Mammals Alces alces Trumpeter Swans Moose Axis axis Saurus Crane, Stanley Crane, Turkey, Sandhill Crane Sambar, Nilgai, Mouflon, Indian Rhino, Przewalski Horse, Sable, Gemsbok, Addax, Fallow Deer, Waterbuck, Persian Spotted Deer Goitered Gazelle, Reeves Muntjac, Blackbuck, Whitetailed deer Axis calamianensis Pronghorn, Bighorned Sheep Calamian Deer Axis kuhili Kuhl’s or Bawean Deer Axis porcinus Saurus Crane Sika, Sambar, Pere David's Deer, Wisent, Waterbuffalo, Muntjac Hog Deer Capreolus capreolus Western Roe Deer Cervus albirostris Urial, Markhor, Fallow Deer, MacNeil's Deer, Barbary Deer, Bactrian Wapiti, Wisent, Banteng, Sambar, Pere White-lipped Deer David's Deer, Sika Cervus alfredi Philipine Spotted Deer Cervus duvauceli Saurus Crane Mouflon, Goitered Gazelle, Axis Deer, Indian Rhino, Indian Muntjac, Sika, Nilgai, Sambar Barasingha Cervus elaphus Turkey, Roadrunner Sand Gazelle, Fallow Deer, White-lipped Deer, Axis Deer, Sika, Scimitar-horned Oryx, Addra Gazelle, Ankole, Red Deer or Elk Dromedary Camel, Bison, Pronghorn, Giraffe, Grant's Zebra, Wildebeest, Addax, Blesbok, Bontebok Cervus eldii Urial, Markhor, Sambar, Sika, Wisent, Waterbuffalo Burmese Brow-antlered Deer Cervus nippon Saurus Crane, Pheasant Mouflon, Urial, Markhor, Hog Deer, Sambar, Barasingha, Nilgai, Wisent, Pere David's Deer Sika 52 Cervus unicolor Mouflon, Urial, Markhor, Barasingha, Nilgai, Rusa, Sika, Indian Rhino Sambar Dama dama Rhea Llama, Tapirs European Fallow Deer -
Survival Probabilities of Adult Mongolian Gazelles
The Journal of Wildlife Management; DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.640 Research Article Survival Probabilities of Adult Mongolian Gazelles KIRK A. OLSON,1,2 Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; and Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA ELISE A. LARSEN, Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA THOMAS MUELLER, Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; and Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberg Gesellschaft fu¨r Naturforschung, and Goethe Universita¨t Frankfurt, Senckenberganlage, 25, 60325 Frankfurt (Main), Germany PETER LEIMGRUBER, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA TODD K. FULLER, Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA GEORGE B. SCHALLER,3 Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 S Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA WILLIAM F. FAGAN, Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA ABSTRACT Mongolian gazelles are Central Asia’s most abundant plains ungulate and an iconic symbol of large unfragmented grasslands. Despite a long history of commercial harvesting and subsistence hunting by herding households, adult gazelle demographic data is almost non-existent. We calculated cause-specific mortality rates for 49 adult gazelles collared with a global positioning system. Exponential models provided better fits to survival distributions from collared gazelles than did either Weibull or Gompertz models, and yielded an overall estimated annual mortality risk of 36%. The estimated daily hazard rate from human- caused mortality was 30% greater than the hazard rate due to natural mortality alone. -
The Energy-Maintenance Strategy of Goitered Gazelles Gazella Subgutturosa During Rut
Behavioural Processes 103 (2014) 5–8 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Behavioural Processes jou rnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/behavproc Short report The energy-maintenance strategy of goitered gazelles Gazella subgutturosa during rut a b a a,∗ a a Xia Canjun , Liu Wei , Xu Wenxuan , Yang Weikang , Xu Feng , David Blank a Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China b College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610043, China a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: In many polygynous ruminant species, males decrease their food intake considerably during the rut. Received 2 April 2013 To explain this phenomenon of rut-reduced hypophagia, two main hypotheses, the Foraging-Constraint Received in revised form 28 October 2013 Hypothesis and Energy-Saving Hypothesis, have been proposed. In our research, we assessed the behav- Accepted 28 October 2013 ioral strategy of goitered gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa) through the rutting period. According to our findings, male goitered gazelles spent less time feeding during the rut compared to pre- and post-rut Keywords: feeding times, but then maximized their energy intake during the rutting season when they were not Energy strategy engaged in rut-related behaviors. Females, in contrast, did not change their time budgets across the Feeding Lying different stages of the rut. Therefore, rut-induced hypophagia is mainly arising from the constraints Rut-related of rut-related behaviors for male goitered gazelles, so that the Foraging-Constraint Hypothesis better explains their strategy during rut. -
Predicting Dynamic Habitats of Mongolian Gazelles Using Satellite-Based Estimates of Vegetation Productivity
Journal of Applied Blackwell Publishing Ltd Ecology 2007 In search of forage: predicting dynamic habitats of Mongolian gazelles using satellite-based estimates of vegetation productivity THOMAS MUELLER*, KIRK A. OLSON†‡, TODD K. FULLER†, GEORGE B. SCHALLER‡, MARTYN G. MURRAY§ and PETER LEIMGRUBER Smithsonian Institution, National Zoological Park, Conservation & Research Center, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA; *Behaviour, Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; †Department of Natural Resources Conservation, 160 Holdsworth Way, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-9285, USA; ‡Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA; §Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK Summary 1. Temporal variability in habitat suitability has important conservation and ecological implications. In grasslands, changes in resource availability can occur at broad spatial scales and enlarge area requirements of ungulate populations, which increases their vulnerability to habitat loss and fragmentation. Understanding and predicting these dynamics, although critical, has received little attention so far. 2. We investigated habitat dynamics for Mongolian gazelles (Procapra gutturosa Pallas) in the eastern steppes of Mongolia. We quantified the distribution of gazelles at four different time periods and tracked primary productivity using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data from satellite imagery. 3. A second-order logistic model showed that NDVI was an efficient predictor of gazelle presence. We tested the predictive power of the model with independent data from a gazelle telemetry study: 85% of all relocations were found within the predicted area. 4. Gazelles preferred an intermediate range of vegetation productivity, presumably facing quality quantity trade-offs where areas with low NDVI are limited by low inges- tion rates, and areas with high NDVI are limited by the low digestibility of mature forage. -
Ungulate Tag Marketing Profiles
AZA Ungulates Marketing Update 2016 AZA Midyear Meeting, Omaha NE RoxAnna Breitigan -The Living Desert Michelle Hatwood - Audubon Species Survival Center Brent Huffman -Toronto Zoo Many hooves, one herd COMMUNICATION Come to TAG meetings! BUT it's not enough just to come to the meetings Consider participating! AZAUngulates.org Presentations from 2014-present Details on upcoming events Husbandry manuals Mixed-species survey results Species profiles AZAUngulates.org Content needed! TAG pages Update meetings/workshops Other resources? [email protected] AZAUngulates.org DOUBLE last year’s visits! Join our AZA Listserv [AZAUngulates] Joint Ungulate TAG Listserv [email protected] To manage your subscription: http://lists.aza.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/azaungulates Thanks to Adam Felts (Columbus Zoo) for moderating! Find us on Facebook www.facebook.com/AZAUngulates/ 1,402 followers! Thanks to Matt Ardaiolo (Denver Zoo) for coordinating! Joining forces with IHAA International Hoofstock Awareness Association internationalhoofstock.org facebook.com INITIATIVES AZA SAFE (Saving Animals From Extinction) AZA initiative Launched in 2015 Out of 144 nominations received, 24 (17%) came from the Ungulate TAGs (all six TAGs had species nominated). Thank you to everyone who helped!!! Marketing Profiles •Audience: decision makers •Focus institutional interest •Stop declining trend in captive ungulate populations •63 species profiles now available online Marketing Profiles NEW for this year! Antelope & Giraffe TAG Caprinae TAG Black -
Mixed-Species Exhibits with Pigs (Suidae)
Mixed-species exhibits with Pigs (Suidae) Written by KRISZTIÁN SVÁBIK Team Leader, Toni’s Zoo, Rothenburg, Luzern, Switzerland Email: [email protected] 9th May 2021 Cover photo © Krisztián Svábik Mixed-species exhibits with Pigs (Suidae) 1 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 3 Use of space and enclosure furnishings ................................................................... 3 Feeding ..................................................................................................................... 3 Breeding ................................................................................................................... 4 Choice of species and individuals ............................................................................ 4 List of mixed-species exhibits involving Suids ........................................................ 5 LIST OF SPECIES COMBINATIONS – SUIDAE .......................................................... 6 Sulawesi Babirusa, Babyrousa celebensis ...............................................................7 Common Warthog, Phacochoerus africanus ......................................................... 8 Giant Forest Hog, Hylochoerus meinertzhageni ..................................................10 Bushpig, Potamochoerus larvatus ........................................................................ 11 Red River Hog, Potamochoerus porcus ...............................................................