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'.fe rk ’G* A cc. ______THE PARLIAMENTARY DEBAT^S^^.... ------(Part I— Questions and Answers) OFFICIAL REPORT

149 150 HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE (b) and (c). The amount involved is not known at present. The cases are Tuesday, 17th February, 1953 under investigation by the State Po­ lice authorities. Shrimati Renu Chakravartty: May The House met at Two of the Clock I know whether any officials hav^e [M r. Deputy-Speaker in the Chair] connived in this embezzlement? ORAL ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Shri Hathi: It may be. We have not been able to spot out any yarti- I r a n ia n P r e s s D e l e g a t io n cular official, as yet.

*92. Dr. Ram Subbag Singh: Will Shrimati Renu Chakravartty: May the Prime Minister be pleased to I know what action has been taken state whether the party of five Iranian against these officials? Have they been Newspaper editors w’hich has come to suspended? India was invited by the Government Shri Hathi: The matter is still un­ of India? der investigation.

The Deputy Minister of External Shri Achuthan: May I know whe­ Affairs (Shri Anil K. Chanda): Yes. ther this money has been taken after the work has been inspected by the Department concerned? Dr. Ram Subhag Singh: Will neces­ sary steps be taken by the Govern­ Shri Efathi: The money had beea ment to arrange adequate transmis­ paid after the biUs were passed, na­ sion of Indian news to Iran and ince turally. versa for fostering Indo-Iranian re­ lationship? Shri A. C. Goha: Is there any ground to suspect that some of the The Prime Minister (Shri Jawahar- officers also were involved in these il­ lal Nehru): That is a matter for the legal transactions? other side to take up if they are in­ terested. We cannot thrust our Shri Hathi: Probably, the matter is people anywhere. still under investigation.

B h a k r .\-Na n g a l P r o jec t Shrimati Renu Chakravartty: May I know when the enquiry will be *93. Shrimati Renu Chakravartty: over? W ill the Minister of Irrigation and Power be pleased to state: Shri Hathi: The first informatioir was received only in December. I t (a) whether certain contractors of might take some more weeks. the Bhakra-Nangal works are alleg­ ed to have misappropriated Govern­ ment funds: Shri A. M. Thomas: May I know (b) if so, how much money are whether the Government proposes to they alleged to have embezzled and introduce the revised procedure with under what circumstances; and regard to accounting and mechanisn> of financial control recommended by (c) whether the Police have taken the Mazumdar Committee which en­ any steps in the matter? quired into the Hirakud Project? The Deputy Minister of IrrigatlAn Shri Hathi: This is regarding the aad Power (Shri Hathi): (a) Yes, Bhakra-Nangal project, and it is for Sir, the Punjab Government to considar. 458 PSD 151 Oral Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers 152

Shri Velayndhan: May I know how Delhi Pact of April 1950 and a mig­ many contractors are involved in it rant is therefore not required to ob­ and whether they had deposited any tain permission to migrate from the earnest money before taking this con­ country of his origin. tract? Shri B. K. Das: In view of the ans­ Shri Ilathi: The number of con­ wer to part (c) of the question, May tractors at present, so far as informa­ I know whether any intending mig­ tion is available, is two. Further in­ rant has to prove his bona fides as to formation may be available after the his intending migration to this coun­ 'Complete investigation is over. try? Sardar Hukam Singh: May I know The Prime Minister (Shri Jawahar- whether the estimates of this project lal Nehru): No. Sir. He has not to also like those of other projects prove that but a certain question has would go up as a result of this em­ arisen as to whether advantage might bezzlement? be taken of this migration clause by offenders who want to escape from Shri Hathi: I think it has no rele­ justice. That is an entirely different vancy with this question. question and that has been consider­ ed by our Government. Migrants as Shri A. V. Thomas: I want to know such, have not to take any permis­ whether the revised procedure for sion. similar projects will not be introduc­ ed in this project also? Shri B. K. Das: As soon as any intending mii?rant makes an applica­ Shri Hathi: That is the concern of tion then have not the authorities to the Bhakra Control Board. satisfy themselves about his bona Shri Nambiar: May I know whether fides as to his coming to this coun­ in tlie execution of every project, there try? is an embezzlement? Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: Which au­ Shri K. Subrahmanyam: May I thorities? know whether an Enquiry Committee has been appointed to enquire into Shri B. K. Das: Authorities there the corruption charges in the Bhakra- in Dacca. Kangal Project? Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: The ques­ Shri Hathi: No, Sir. tion of whether he is a bona fide mig­ rant as such does not arise but the Shri K. K. Basu: The Central Gov­ question has been raised whether he ernment contributes a large amount is not an offender of some other kind towards this project. Have they gut and under cover of migration, he may any control ov^r the accounting, etc.? take advantage of it. Therefore, the question has been considered as to Shri Hathi: There are representa­ how to distinguish that and whether tives of the Central Government on any kind of notice might be neces­ the Board. sary.

I s s u e of Migration Certificates Shri B. K. Das: In view of the fact that there is only one office in Dacca *94. Shri B. K. Das: Will the Prime for issuing certificates, and more o f^ TWinister be pleased to state: ces are necessary, may I know whe­ (a) the number of migration certi­ ther this question was discussed dur­ ficates so far issued to intending ing the conference? migrants from East Bengal; Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: 1+ was dis­ (b) from how many offices the cussed at length and certain matters -certificates are issued; and are being considered. (c) whether any intending migrant, Shri A. C. Guha: May I icnow if at any stage, has to satisfy the Paki­ the Government have got any idea as stan authorities as to his bona fides to the number of Muslim migrants .as a migrant? who have taken migration certificates from India during that period? The Deputy Minister of External Affairs (Shri Anil K. Chanda): (a) Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: We have '€,725 till the 31st January, 1953. not got the break-up of the figures. At least I have not got them here. We (b) In East Bengal only by the have got figures, of course, daily, office of the Deputy High Commis­ weekly and monthly of the number of sioner for India at Dacca. people who have gone from East Pakistan to West Bengal or from West (c) No. Freedom of movement to Bengal to East Bengal. That we hav« «nigrants is provided for under the got. 163 Oral Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers 154

Shri A. C. Guha: That also ceased P r o d u c t i o n i n S i n d r i F a c t o r y after the passport system. The hon. Minister stated the figure of Hindu *95. Shri A. C. Guha: W ill ihm migrants coming this side but is there Minister of ProductioiL be pleased to any figure of Muslims taking mJgra- state: tlon certificates from this side to (a) the total production up to the Pakistan? end of 1952 in the Sindri Fertilizer Factory; Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: Undoubted­ ly* there is. I have not got it here be­ (b) the cost of production and how cause the question did not ask that it compares w i t h the p r ic e of f o r e ig D but I have, as a matter of fact, only fertilizer, specially of Japan; and yesterday seen the figures of Muslims as well as Hindus travelling from (c) the price at which the Sindri West Bengal to East Bengal and vice fertilizer is given to the peasants in versa. Those figures we have. I different States? cannct precisely say which of them is The Minister of Production (Shri a migrant or not. K. C. Reddy): (a) L79.964 tons of Shri A. C. GuTia: Any approximate Ammonium Sulphate. idea as to the proportion of the two (b) I regret I am not in a position Ifigures? to give the production cost as it is a confidential matter, but I may assure Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: Migrants the hon. Member that the price of Rs. or travellers? 310 per ton at which the Sindri Fer­ Shri A. C. Guha: Migrants. tilizers and Chemicals Ltd. sell at preseni their fertilizer to the Central Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: I can give Fertilizer Pool compares favourably you the proportion of the travellers with the selling price in alm.ost aU with passports, etc. I have naturally other producing countries. It has been to speak from memory. In the first ascertained that the internal selling week of October, the hon. Member price in Japan is R.s. 350 per ton the mui^t know, there was a fairly consi­ normal export price being Rs. 336 derable number of people who came per ton. over from East Bengal to West Ben- .gal just before the pasbport s 3stem (c) The Sindri fertilizer is not sup­ was introduced. A fair number also plied at a dirlerent price but is con­ went the other way. In November the tributed to the pool at a uniform •figures were more or less even but price of Rs. 310 per ton. The pool rather there were more people going price is at present Rs. 335 per ton to East Bengal. In December, tiiere F.O.R. Station of despatch were many more people going to Last Bengal, both Hindus and Muslims and Shri A. C. Guha: May I know i l -so also in January. The figures rough­ there is a large stock accum.ulated with ly would be about 30 or 40 per cent, the factory and. if so. what is the more going to East Bengal or West machinery for disposal? Bengal, both Hindus and Muslims in the last tw^o months of December ar.d Shri K. C. Reddy: On the 7th of January. this month, the stock was in the neigh:- bourhood of about 80,000 tons. Sub­ Shri B. K. Das: May I know how sequently. the stock has been reduc­ many more offices would be :ieces.5ary ed. Large scale movement of fertiliser to facilitate granting of certificates to has commenced from the 7th a:*d the intending migrants here? present stock is roundabout 70,000 tons. Distribution is through the Cen­ Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: Well. I real­ tral Fertiliser Pool, operated by tha ly do not know whether any more Ministry of Food and Agriculture. They difficulty has arisen, from our side I get indents from the respective State me^n. There have been difficulties Governments and from certain other In issuing visas which is a different interests like Tea Plantation people thing. Both sides are opening fresh and the Coffee Board etc. They pass -offices for giving visas on the indents to the Sindri Fertiliser Factory and on the basis of these al­ Shri S. C, Samanla: May I know the locations, the Sindri Fertiliser Fac­ •conditions which an intending emi­ tory arranges movement. grant has to satisfy in order to receive ;an emigrant certificate? Shri A. C. Guha: May I know the reasons for this large quantity, Shri Anil K. Chanda: No conditions cumulating? are necessary. He has only to apply to our Deputy High Commissioner and in Shri K. C. Reddy: There are seve­ due course an emigrant certificate* ral reasons. Unfortunately during will be given. this year and at the end of^he L id 155 Oral Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers 155- year, the demand was not sufficient the landed cost was Rs. 480 per ton. from the various States, and from the Subsequently, there has been a reduc­ Tea Plantations, etc. The crisis in the tion and the international market tea industry, perhaps the lack of price has gone down. Even now, the purchasing power on the part of the landed cost of the fertiliser that we farmers, insufficiency of credit fecili- are getting from abroad is higher than ties, drought in certain areas, parti­ the pool price that we have fixed, ex­ cularly in Madras and certain other cept in the case of the consignment 9Utes,— all these reasons have con­ of the Japanese fertiliser w'hich we tributed to the decrease in the oll-take have got through the T.C.A. That of the fertiliser. But, steps have particular consignment has been sold been taken by the Ministry of Food to us at Rs. 340 per ton. That is and Agriculture to popularise ihe use under very exceptional circumstances. of this fertiliser. There has recently There are several reasons why the been a proposal to supplv fertilisers Japanese fertiliser has been made on a barter basis, that is, to supply available to us at, what I may say, a fertiliser and take back rice. This is “ sacrificial price” . being finalised now. After this ^s fina­ lised, it is hoped that the production Shri Gopala Rao: May I know whe­ in our country will be sufRcient for ther the Governm.ent are taking into our requirements. account the important factor, the purchasing capacity of the peasants Shri T. N. Singh: Is it true that during this year we have imported while fixing the price of fertilisers? large quantities of fertilisers from Shri K. C. Reddy: I have not abroad also? caught the cuestion. Will ihe bon. Member kindiy repeat the question? Shri K. C. Reddy: Not so much during this year. Last year we im­ Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The hon. Mem­ ported about two lakh tons of fert ber wants to know if the purchasing liser. This year we are committed power of the peasant has been taken to import about one lakh tons. This into consideration in fixing the price. is under a previous arrangement with the T.C.A.; it is not a new arrange­ Shri K. C. Reddy: I should say; ment which w'e are entering into yes. freshly. According to the old arrange­ ment we have got to import about one Shri H. N. Mukerjee: Has the at­ lakh tons this year out of which about tention of the Minister been drawn to 25 tons have come through the T.C.A., Press reports to the eflect that cer­ —^Japanese fertiliser. We are mak­ tain workers in an organisation called ing everv effort to see whether we Gandhi Nidhi. Working at Borivilli cannot replace this fertiliser which we near Bombay, have said that the am­ are importing by some other commo­ monium sulphate produced at Sindri dity with the T.C.A. aid. It is too is not at all useful for the purpose for early to say whether w’e will succeed which it is intended, that it bums in that effort of ours. cereals and that it is useful only in the case of leafy plants? Shri T. N. Singh: In view of the fact that the Sindri Fertiliser Fac­ The Minister of Food and Agricul­ tory was to go into production even ture (Shri Kidwai): This fertiliser is earlier than 1952, was any account being used for several years and it taken of this factor in entering into has proved successful. the T.C.A. agreement? Shri M. S. Gurupadaswamy: May I know whether there are certain pri­ Shri K. C. Reddy: Yes, certainly. vate firms which are producing ferti­ Our estimate of consumption of ferti­ lisers, and the cost of production liser according to the Planning Com­ there is far lower than the cost of mission and according to the Ministry production in Sindri and also they of Food and Agriculture is 450,000 quote a lesser price than the Govern­ tons during this year, going up in ment price? 1955-5() to 6 lakh and odd tons. Ttxe output in the Sindri Fertiliser Fac­ tory is only in the neighbourhood of Shri Kidwai: I think the hon. Mem­ three lakh tons, and in the other indi­ ber does not know what he is talking genous factories about 50,000 or GO.OOO about. There is only one private fac­ tons. tory which is producing fertiliser, at Alwaye, Their cost of production is Shrimati A. Kale: What is the much higher and therefore they have price of the imported fertiliser per approached us to introduce the pool ton? so that the price may be adjusted. There are one or two Iron and Steel Shri K. C. Reddy: The cost ol the Works which are producing it as a by­ Imported fertiliser varies. At one time. product. There, the cost is a little 157 Oral Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers 158 lower becau:je it is not the main pro­ Shri Kidwai: Other incidental char­ -duct. ges are there, and therefore each State Government is trying to reduce Shrimati Sushama Sen: Ma^ I this as much as possible, and I hope know whether the contract is irrevoc- we will succeed to a great extent. •able and obligatory? Shri Jhunjhunwala: What is it at Shri Kidwai: Which contract? present? Mr. Deputy-Speaker: With the Shri Kidwai: It is different in diff^ T.C.A. rent States. For instance, the rail­ way freight, I understand, from Sin- Shri Kidwai: Through the T.C.A. dhri to Bombay is Rs. 50 and that we are getting this free, and we can the internal distribution and freight xefuse it. But, really our consumption and commission to the seller and aU jnust be much higher than it is today. that, it comes to Rs. 80 in Bombay. -As the hon. Minister has stated, we In Bengal. I think it is about Rs. 50 were expecting the consumption to be and they are trying to reduce it. So 4i lakh tons this year. Then, the it is ditlerent in different States. Sindri production and this would have sufficed. We are trying tc see Shri Jhunjhunwala: I want to know that this year the use of fertiliser is what are the commission charges and increased to the extent it is available. other incidental charges apart from freight. Freight is a thing which can­ Shri A. C. Guha: May I know the not be reduced. .gap between the price at v.’hich the factory gives the fertiliser to the pool Shri Kidwai: That information will and the price at which the agricul­ be available with the States. V/e pass turists take it? on to each State its requirements, and then they arrange distribution. Shri Kidwni: The pool price is Rs. 315; the Sindri price is Rs. 310. Shri G. P. Sinha: What is the pre­ sent rate of production per day? Has Shri A. C. Guha: Am I to under­ there been any marked improvement? stand that just at that pool price the peasants get the fertiliser? Shri Kidwai: It is more than what we had estimated as the capacity. Just Shri Kidwai: Yes. The cultivators at present, it produces more than 1,000 iget the fertiliser at the pool price tons a day. plus Railway freight. S u p p l y o f C o a l to I n d u s t r ie s Shri K. C. Reddy: Plus incidental •charges. *96 Shri A. C. Guha: Will the Shri Altekar: May I know whether Minister of Production be pleased to the quality of our fertiliser is as good state: ^is that of any fertiliser from foreign countries? (a) whether there has been any kind of difficulty last year in supply­ Shri Kidwai: Let us hope so. ing coal to the industries; Shri K. K. Basu: May we know (b) whether Government have ■what proportion of the total consump­ asked the industries to use oil as far tion is con.sumed by the actual cultiva­ as possible and not to switch over to tor? . coal; and Shri Kidwai: I hope it is not i 3?ed (c) the reason for this difficulty by others. It is always u.sed by the last year? cultivator. The Minister of Production (Shri Shri Velayudhan: May I know whe­ K. C. Reddy): (a) No: except in the ther, in view of the diminishing de­ case of industries situated in areas mand from the purchasers, tiiere is where transport is difficult. any proposal for diminishing D/oduc- tion? (b) No: but industries were w'arn- ed. in their own interest, that before Shri Kidwai: No. The more we they effected any changes in processes produce, the lower will be the pi ice involving increased coal consumption and readily acceptable lo the cultiva­ (e.g. change over from furnace oil to tor. coal) they should first ascertain from the Coal Commissioner whether it Shri JhunjhuDwala: Is it only the would be possible to meet the increas­ pool price plus the freight which the ed demand for coal. peasant is charged, or are there some other incidental expenses also? (c) Does not arise. i69 Oral Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers 1 60

Shri A. M. Thomas: May I enquire tional difficulties that have arisen now whether production of coal has fallen owing to the shortage of supply of ele­ from the record figure of 34 million ctricity. Even normally there is some tons in 1951-52? difficulty in makmg supplies to the South because of transport difficulties. Shri K. C. Reddy: No, it has not I am not yet aware as to what addi­ faUen. It has gone up on the other tional quantity of coal is required by hand. various industries because ol the fai­ lure ot electric supply. I cannot give Shri A. C. Guha: May I know if an answer to that now. there has been an accumulation of coal near the colliery sites larger than last year? Shri K. C. Reddy: There has been a large amount of pit-head stocic. but I am glad to say it is being progressive­ ly ^decreased. The pit-head stock is diminishing rather thap increasing. Shri A. C. Guha: In any case, is it still larger than last year? Shri K. C. Reddy: I am not aware of any such reduction. Shri K C. Reddy: No. It is diminish­ ing, I said. It is not larger than last year. ' Shri T. N. Singh: Is that over-^c- cumulalion due to lack of wagon faci­ lities. and if so, what has been done to ease the wagon position? Shri V. P. Nayar: May I know whe­ Shri K. C. Reddy: That is a ques­ ther the coal accumulated at oit-heada tion which the Railway Minister has is subject to deterioration, and if so, to answer, but I can say this, that what is the percentage of such dete­ during the last year or thereabout, the rioration? position has definitely improved, but the demand from the various indus­ Shri K. C. Reddy: I do not think it tries 'butstrip the wagon availability, is subject to any serious deteriora­ and as such, there is some amount of tion. There may be some deteriora­ difficulty because of that, tion. I cannot give definite informa­ Shri T. N. Singh: Is it true that as tion. a result of certain priorities fixed by Shri V. P. Nayar: I asked the per­ the Production Ministry, the move­ centage of deterioration. ment of coal has been prevented? Mr. Deputy-Speaker: It is negligi­ Shri K. C. Reddy: Not to my know­ ble. Otherwise, they would give it. ledge. Shri K. C. Reddy: I cannot give the Shri K. K. Basu: May we know percentage. how long it would take to clear up this still accumulated stock of coal? Shri Raffhavaiah: Have the demands Sbri K, C. Reddy: We can make of all the coal-consuming associations every effort, but I cannot say exactly like the Tobacco Growers’ Associa­ what time it will take. tion and also other industries Been met before coal is exported to South Shri G. P. Sinha: What is the pre­ Korea and Malaya? sent tonnage of accumulated coal? Shri K. C. Reddy: All the various Shri K, C. Reddy: I cannot give the demands are ascertained from the exact figure straightaway. It is various industries, and the Coal Com­ about 2 million and odd tons. missioner allots such and such a quan­ tity to each industry, but that does Shri Nambiar: May I know whether not mean, because there is shortage of there was a request for more supply supply for particular industries, we of coal from the South due to the cur­ should stop our exports altogether. tailment of electric energy there re­ cently due to want of proper rains? Shri Meg:hnad Saha: Has any at­ tempt been made to utilize the pit de­ Shri K. C. Reddy: I cannot say how posits in South India in Arcot Dis­ much increased supply we can make trict which can be used as a substi­ to South India because of the excep­ tute for coal? 161 Oral Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers 162

Shri K. C. Reddy: Perhaps the areas now under the Trusteeship' hon. Member is reJerring to lignite? Council rre also to be included in this Federation.' Shri Meg^hnad Saha; Yts. Shri Jawaharlal Nehru; S o rry . I can­ Shri K. C. Reddy: It Is still in the not give an answer to thai without en­ project stage. A pilot project has quiry. I am not suie. just been taken up by the Govern­ ment of Madras. and no production Shri A. C. Guha: Is an y such pro­ yhas yet been made. Afrcr the pilot posal for Federation lik eiy to come up- project succeeds and after production for consideration on the Trusteeihip begins, it will ease the situation some­ Council of the U.N.O. or the General what. Assembly of the U.N.O. Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: Normally, it C e n t r a l A f r i c a n F e d e r a t i o n does no: automatically come up unless some parry brings it forward. ♦97. Shri A. C. Guha: Will the Prime Minister be pleased to state: Shri A. C. Guha: Alay I know if the * Government of India have got any Ca) whether Government of India idea to bring forward this proposal be­ have taken notice of the Central fore the U.N.O.? African Federation Scheme now un­ - der discussion for South and I'.orth Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: No, sir. Rhodesia and Nyasaland; Shri K. Subrahmanyam: Is it a fact fb) the number of Indians domi­ that Indians settled in Central Africa ciled in these territories and how far have been making common cause with their future status is likely to be nf- the white people there? fected by the Scheme: Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: No.

out of gypsum after the extraction ot merce and Industry has to answer tiiat the fertiliser, a cement factory might question. be started for the manufacture of ^ement. How far Government have Mr. Deputy-Speaker: We ^re going proceeded with that project? from urea and ammonium nitrate to cement. Next question. Shri K. C. Reddy: I submit it is a Shri K. K. Basu: They are making different question altogether. But for profits out of it. the hon. Member’s information, I may say that the Associated Cement Com­ D e v e l o p m e n t C o u n c i l s f o r I n d u s t r i e s pany, with whom v/e have entered into an agreement for the utilisation of *99. Sardar Hukam Singh: (a) Will the calcium carbonate sludge for the the Minister of Commerce and Indas- manufacture of cement, are making try be pleased to state the industries fairly good progress. in respect of which Development Councils have been set up under the ‘ Shri A. M. Thomas: What are the Industries Development and Regis­ ancillary industries now run round­ tration Act. 1951? about the Sindri factory? (b) What are the functions of these Shri K. C. Reddy: There is a propo­ Councils ins-a-vis the industry to sal to instal a coke oven plant, and which they are attached? there is a proposal to have a plant for the manufacture of urea and ammoni- The Minij^ter of Commerce and !■- mum nitrate, but to the best of my dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): knowledge there is no other plant. (a) Development Councils for

Shri Bansal: Is there any pro­ (i) Heavy Chemicals (Acids and posal to manufacture methonol there? Fertilizers) and Shri K. C. Reddy: It is a very smaU (ii) Internal combustion engines •plant. and power driven pumps have already been set up. The sett­ Shri Meghnad Saha: Is this factory ing up of others is under con* to be under Government or private sideration. management? fb) Attention is invited to the Second Shri K. C. Reddy: Which one? Schedule of the Act. Sardar Hukam Singh: How are Shri Meghnad Saha: All thase sub­ these councils constituted, by nomina­ sidiary factories, urea, ammonium nit­ tion or by any other means? rate, methonol, and coke oven plant. Shri T. T. Krishnamachari: Consti­ Shri K. C. Reddy: While answering tuted by nomination. a question by the hon. Membei on a previous occasion, I stated that all these will be State enterprises, except Sardar Hukam Singh: Is it a fact the manufacture of cement, with regard that some expert has been invited to to which, we have entered into an advise us on the setting up of these agreement with the Associate^ Cement Development Councils? Company. Shri T. T. Krishnamachari: Yes, an Shri Meghnad Saha: In view of the expert was here some time back. fact that the farmers of this country are not accustomed to the utilisation Shri S. C. Samanta: May I know of fertilisers, of difl'erent classes, is for how many industries the Govern­ there any plan for entrusting with the ment at present intend to set up these Sindri Factory, a research lanoratory Development Councils? for the utilisation of fertilisers and Their proper mixture? Shri T. T. Krishnamachari: As the hon. Member knows, the Industries Shri K. C. Reddy: I think it is under Advisory Council had recommended ■the constant consideration of Ihe hon. the setting up of development Councils Minister of Food and Agriculture. for seven industries. Government have constituted councils for two. The Shri K. K. Basu: May 1 .know whe­ setting up of others is under considera­ ther Government have any control over tion. the price charged by the Associated Cement Company. for the cement Shri S, C. Samanta: During the last manufactured at Sindri? session, the hon. Minister stated that due to the scarcity of suitable person­ Shri K. C. Reddy: I am afraid my nel. they were unable to set ud these ban. colleague the Minister of Com­ Development Councils; may I know 165 Oral Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers 1<6

whether this scarcity also stands in the veterinary), Education, Medical Health •way of setting up the other Develop­ and Public Health services. ment Councils? Assam Rifles: Shri T. T. Krishnamachari: The Pay of Officers and Establif^meuL •scarcity is no longer a fact with regard to the two. In regard to the others, Allowances and Honoraria. scarcity and other factors are in opera­ Arms and ammunition. tion. Other Charges. Sardar Hukam Singh; May 1 know (d) Balipara Frontier Tracts. -whether in making these nominations Abor Hills District. Government take into account the vari­ ous interests like the labour, the em- Mishmi Hills District. .ployers or other persons concerned? Also some tribal areas in Assam Shri T. T. Krishnamachari: Every State. ^concerned interest does find a place in these councils. And I may add the Mao areas ot the State of'Manipur, and Chirapunji Shri K. K. Basu: May I know the of the Khasi-Jantia Hills Districts of name and nationality of the expert. the Assam State.

Shri T. T. Krishnamachari: He has Shri S. C. Samanta: May I know -

Areas, May I know whether school- Shri Beli Ram Das: Has any com­ going children have been supplied munity project been taken up in the- Iree with books nnd other things? Frontier Agency, and if so. at what cost'.’ Shri J. N. Hazarika; There is no provision for tree supply of books and Shri J. N. Hazarika: Yes. Sir. O ne other things for school-going children. development projL-ct has been taken up^ But they are sometimes helped from and about Rs. 6.73.000 will be spent in the provisions lor grants and contri­ one year of the three-year plan. butions. The orphan boys and school Shri Beli Ram Das: May I know the children are provided books and other nature of the works done? things free. Shri J. N. Hazarika: The nature o f Shri Rishans: Keishing: May I know the works is— agricultural expansion, how the t.ne mamtenance irrigation, reclamation, health and of the Assam Riflrs. have been includ­ rural sar.itation, education, social edu­ ed in the Budget for the development cation including community recreation of the North-East Tribal Areas? rontres, adult education, etc. M r. Deputy-Speaker: If it was there Shri Rishan^ K^ishing: What were in the last year’s Budget, it was there. the mos", comrron and important If it is there, then in the coming Bud­ problems brought to the notice of hon. get it will come. What does the hon. the Pri;r.2 Minister by the people in. Member want? the:e areas during his visit? Shri Rishan? Keishing: My question Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: The Lon. w as how the expenses for the main'ten- Member is referring to the North East. ance of the Assam Rifles have be^n in­ Fron'ier Agency or to the autonomous, cluded in the Budget for the develop­ district? ment of the tribal people in the North­ East Frontier Agency. . Shri Rishang Keishing: Frontier Agency. Shri Jawaharlal Nehru; They have been included because the question Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: The biggest was about the sum allotted for their problem was of communications. The- develooment an-! the maintenance second problem or the second demani o f the Assam Rifles. So, the two was for schools. Those seem to dom­ figures are given separately. inate other matters. Shri Rishanjr Keishing: Have the Government taken note of the vital S e t t in g U p o f a n I n t e g r a t e d I rot^" importance of good roads for the de­ AND S t e e l P l a n t velopment of these tribal areas, and if *103. Shri Nanadas: Will the Minis­ so. has any progress been made in this ter of Production be pleased to staiei^ respect? (a) whether the discussions with, Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: Building of certain Japane.se and American inte­ roads is given the top priority. rests for the .setting up of an integra­ ted Iron and Steel Project in India^ Shri R. K. Chaudhuri; 1 want to have been finalised; and asK a question of the Parliamentary (b) if so, whether Government pro­ Secretary. pose to lay on the Table of the House- a copy of the agreement arrived at? (Shri R. K. Chaudhuri put the ques­ tion in Assamese). The Minister of Production (ShrG K. C. Reddy): (a) The discussions- Shri J. N. Hazarika: I am satisfied... have concluded (b) Does not arise as no agreement B*r. Deputy-Speaker: Order, order. has been reached. That is not the language the hon. Member should use. Hon. Memliers Shri Nanadas: Is it a fact. Sir, that, must speak either in Hindi or in Eng­ the Government have given up nego- lish. tiations with the American and' Japanese interests for techn’cal and Shri R. K. Chaudhury: We are al­ financial collaboration in the sett-ns^- lowed to speak in our mother tongue up of the new iron and steel plant, and this is a rare opportunity 1 am as the terms imposed b.v the interests getting. are inconsistent with the State con— trol of the plant? Mr. Deputy-Speaker: Hon. Members have got enough opportunity to speak Shri K. C. Reddy: I have already^ their mother tongue outside this answered that question on the floor off House. the House the other day. 169 Oral Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers

Shri Nanadas: Is it a fact, Sir, that the delay in giving effect to this as the Government are now contemplat­ inevitable? ing to seek the co-operation of Britain for technical and financial collabora­ Shri K. C. Reddy: I am not justify­ tion in the setting up of the new plant ing anything. I am staling a mere with a view to get the Sterling fact. Balances and utilise them for the pur­ Shri G. P. Sinha: May I know Sir, pose, as the terms of the U.K. in­ where the plant is going to be terests are more favourable than located? V those of the American and Japanese interests? Mr. Deputy-Speaker: That has beea asked again and again. Shri K. C. Reddy: All that is mere speculation and story. There is noth­ Shri G. P. Sinha: Is there a pro­ ing like that that has happened. posal from Damodar Valley for start­ ing a steel project centre there? Shri Nanadas; May I know, Sir, whether the proposed integrated iron Shri K. C. Reddy: I have no infor­ and steel pl?nt will be completely mation. State-owned and controlled or whe­ ther it will be only a State controlled Shri Nanadas: What are the specific* ^ project? considerations that compelled the Government to get the project report Shri K. C. Reddy: It is intended to prepared afresh? be a State-controlled project, but I cannot say whether it will be entire­ Shri K. C. Reddy: Originally th? ly financed and owned by the State. idea was to establish a steel plant. But now our idea is to establish an Shri Nanadas: In view of the fact integrated iron and steel plant. That that this matter has been pending is one of the main reasons. Secondly, since 1948. may I know. Sir, at what the existing steel concerns have stage the matter stands regarding the launched an expansion programme. integration of this plant, and how long Because of that we have to deter­ will it take for the project to be com­ mine what categories of steel have pleted and the location of the plant got to be manufactured in the pro­ decided? posed integrated iron and steel plant And the capital that will be required Shri K. C. Reddy: As I said yester­ for the proposed iron and stesl plant, day in the other House, Sir. Govern­ has to be worked out afresh. For ali ment also are not quite happy that these reasons we have decided to set there has been so much of delay over up a new Technical Mission to go this important matter. But the delay into all aspects of the question and was inevitable under the circums- to give us a fresh up-to-date report stances. Government are taking every alter reviewing all the previous pro­ step necessary in order to have this ject reports in order to enable us to iron and steel plant in our country. go ahead quickly w'ith regard to this State-controlled, at an early date. matter. Just at present a Technical Mission has been constituted on which there Shri V. P. Nayar: May I know, Sir, is a representative of the World Bank, the year in which Government now a representative of the firm of Koppers hoipe that the integrated plant wiD in America and also an officer of the start working in India? Government of India. That Com­ mission has already commenced its Shri K. C. Reddy: I won’t make - work and we are expecting the re­ any prophecy. Sir. But Government port of that Commission in about two will take every possible steo to have months’ time. After that is received this done as early as possible. we will take every possible step in order to expedite the installation of Shri Meghnad Saha: In view of ' - this integrated iron and steel plant. the fact that the steel requirements of India have been stated to be Shri K. K. Basu: May I ) now Sir, million tons and the expanded pro- - whether the idea of establishing an gramme of the factory already exist- - integrated plant has been finally ing comes up to only 1-3 million tons, dropped? , may I ask the Minister how he justi­ Shri K. C. Reddy: It has not been fies the fact that the Government can­ dropped. On the other hand, we are not enter into any new plan without proceeding with regard to the matter considering the situation which is very actively. already there? Shri Meghnad Saha: Do I under­ Shri K. C. Reddy: I did not sav stand, Sir, that the Minister justifies that the Government is not thinking I l l Oral Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers 172

of any new plan. On the other hand, are now there will be leased to the I said that there is every desire on new company on certain terms. The ^he part of Government to establish new company will put in fresh work­ this factory. ing capital. Ten lakhs will be neces­ sary. The new company Basakha G o v e r n m e n t H o u s i n g F a c t o r y Singh-Wallenborg Ltd. will incur ad­ ♦104. Shri K. K. Basu: Will the ditional exoenditure to the extent Minister of Production be pleased to of about 17 lakhs of rupees for im­ : state: porting fresh machinery that may be needed in order to work out the pro­ (a) whether the Government gramme of the factory. Housing Factory has been converted into a private limited company; Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The hon. (b) whether besides the Govern- Member wants to know what will be of India there are any (.ther the income of the Government as a interests in capital of this Company; percentage of the investment? and ^c) if the answer to part (b) above Shri K. C. Reddy: I cannot answer be in the affirmative, what is the the question in that -way. I answered -share in capital of each such inte­ it in a different way that we are go­ rest? ing to get a rent on the assets which we are going to lease to the new com­ The Minister of Production (Shri pany. The amount of rent will be K. C. Reddy): (a) Yes. The assets equivalent to the depreciation al­ o f the Housing Factory have been lowance under the income-tax law, leased to the Hindustan Housing I cannot say to what percentage it Factory, Ltd. will work out.

(b) Yes. There is one other share­ Shri V. P. Nayar: What will be the holder, Messrs, Basakha Singh-Wal- capital expenditure on this factory? ienborg. Ltd. Shri K. C. Reddy: has (c) The Government of India and All that Messrs. Basakha Singh-Wallenborg, been answered on a number of oc­ Ltd. share the capital of Rs. 5 lakhs, casions previously. Sir. of which Rs. 1 lakh is paid up, equally. Shri A. C. Guha: May we know Shri K. K. Basu: May we know if the hon. Minister is ready to give whether there is any special condition a full statement as regards the for­ as to the management of these con­ mation of capital etc. of this new c e rn s? company and the terms of agreement with Basakha Singh-Wallenborg Ltd., Shri K. C. Reddy: The manage­ for the management? ment will vest with Basakha Singh- Wallenborg Ltd. Shri K. C. Reddy:* We can place the agreement on the Table. Shri V. P. Nayar: What is the percentage of the leased amount to the entire capital amount invested in Shri T. N. Singh: Are the accounts the factory? of this company liable to be audited by Government or have Government Shri K. C. Reddy: The plant and made any special provision for check­ machinery of the Hundustan JHous- ing of the accounts? ing Factory w'ill be leased to the new company. The new company w'ill pay Shri K. C. Reddy: Well, I cannot rent on that equivalent to the answer the question right now. Sir. depreciation allowance on the assets There are certain clauses in the according to the income-tax law. I Articles and Memorandum of Associa­ may add that it comes to about Rs. tion relating to the audit of the ac­ 1-75 lakhs per annum. counts of the company. Shri V. P. Nayar: That is not an Shri T. N. Singh: May we take it answer to my question, Sir. What is Ihat the Government money invested the percentage of the lease amount in that particular firm is not subject to to the capital invested on the plant? any audit control by the Auditor- General? Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The hon. Member wants to know the percentage of their contribution to the capital Shri K. C. Reddy: In all such in­ expenditure. dustrial concerns where we have floated companies we have provided Shri K. C. Reddy: The position is for an independent audit by the Audi­ this. The assets of the Factory which tor-General. 173 Oral /iuswers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers 174

Shri K. K. Basu: May we know whether the Government has any con­ trol over the management and the fixa­ tion of prices of the produce of this ip H ^ concern? ^ l y jUajJl 1^1 Shri K. C. Reddy: I said that so far as the management is concerned, it will be vested with the Basakha Singh- [The Minister of Education and Wallenborg Ltd. The Government will Natural Resources and Scientific Re­ not have any hand in the manatiement search (Maulana Azad): When Mr. or the day to day working of the fac­ Reddy has said that he would lay a tory. but certainly the Government statement on the Table of the House, would be watching as to how this I think, it should better be waited company is working and, if at any for.] time there is any necessity to step in Shri K. C. Reddy: If the hon. Mem­ they will do so. ber tables B separate question. I can Sardar Hukam Singh; Is it a fact giv^e a detailed answer. Sir, that on account of this change-over large stocks of materials have been Shri Radha Raman: When will the declared surplus which are likely to factory start working? be sold in auction now? ‘ Shri K. C. Reddy: We are very eager SJiri K. C. Reddy: Yes, certain that it should start working at a very articles which may not be of any use early date. It is now the responsi­ in the production programme of the bility of the company that has been new company vvill be sold as'surplus. formed. I made an enquirj’- and m.y information is this. The new company Sardar Hukam Sing:h: What is the is importing some machinery for the book vakie of those articles that have purpose and pending the arrival of been decl?red surplus? that machinery the company proposes Shri K. C. Reddy; I should like to to start manufacturing immediately have notice of this question. certain pre-.'^tressed f-nncrete articles like telegraph posts, wooden doors and Shri A. C. Guha: May I know whe­ windows. According to the informa­ ther there was any valuation of the tion that I hav’e received, it i? hooed assets of the Government Housing that the factory will .start functioning Factory were valued before this within the next few days. change-over was effected and hew was that valuation effected? H a r .^s s m e x t o f t w o I x d i.\x s i n G o a Shri K. C. Reddy: The valuation has been made. In fact, it took a lot of *105. Shri V. P. Nayar; Will the tim e and the valuation has been made Prime Minister be pleased to state* very carefully. (a) whether the attention of Gov­ Shri A. C. Guha; By whom was the ernment has been d ra w n lo a letter valuation made? ♦o the Editor, oublished in the Delhi Shri K. C. Reddy: By the concerned Edition of the "'Times of India" on ■ Government departments. the 10th .January. 1953, alleging har­ assment of tw o Indians who had gone - Shri K. K. Basu: In view of the to visit Panjim (in Goa) by r» Por­ fact that the Government Housing tuguese Dolice officer and the alleged Factory has been finally converted into ill-treatment of their driver, also an a private company, may we know whe­ Indian National, in the police lock­ ther the Government can give us the up; real figures of the total Io fs suffered by this concern? rb) whether anv report about the Shri K. C. Reddy: Well, Sir, that alleged incident has been asked for, has also been answered on a number or received from the Indian Consul- of occasions previously. General in Goa; and Shri K. K. Basu: Last time it was (c) if the allceed incident has been said that it had not been ascertained. verified as having occurred, what Now it has been finally settled. Mav steps Government have taken or pro­ we know...... pose to take in the matter?

The Deputy Minister of Ertemak Affairs (Sliri AnU K. Chanda): (a> ViJy* ) lM aXSL. SXjJ Yes. ^b) A report was received from our*' 1 •( Consul-General at Goa. 175 Oral Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Oral Answers 176

<"c) Prompt steps have already been about a month now, I expect that -taken in the matter. As soon as he within the next few days we shall be ^received the report of the incident, able to get some sort of reply. the Consul-General sought the per- '^onal interveniion .of the Governor Shri Nambiar: What action has General of Goa and had the driver been taken? of the car released from police lock­ Mr. Deputy-Speaker: They have up. He then lodged a strong protest written to the Government. The hon. with the Government of Goa to pre­ Member will consider calmly what vent the recurrence of such incidents. other steps can be taken. The Government of India have also ■sent a protest to the Portuguese Lega­ tion in New Delhi. The replies to ■Ihe two protests are awaited. WRITTEN ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS

Shri V. P. Nayar: Is it a fact. Sir, J a p a n e s e C l o t h that Indian nationals are arbitrarily '■detained in Goa police lock-ups for *102. Pandit Munishwar Datt no sood reasons? T'padhyay: (a^ Will the Minister of Commerce and Industry be pleased Shri Anil K. Chanda: Several such to state wnetlier ii is a fact that incidents have been reported. Japanese cloth is affecting our over­ seas market for cloiii uwin^; t(> its Shri V. P. Nayar: How many cases cheapness’’ tiave been reported during the current vear? (b) Have Government any informa- lion regardinc the extent of export of Shri Anil K. Chanda: Well, apart Jar.anese cloth during the second from this incident referred to. there half of 19.^2 to the countries to which was a similar incident exactly like that we exported rotton cloth and if so, on the same date. v/hat is the quantity thereof? Shri V. P. Nayar: May I know whe­ ther the Government of India have re- The Minister of Commerce and In­ -ceived any comolaint from Mr. Sood dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): ^nd Mrs. Kamini Kaushal. the film (a) Japanese competition is c-jrtain- .iriiste about this incident? ly keen in our export markets. Shri Anil K. Chanda: The persons (b) Government do not have these involved in this incident are Mr. and figures for the second half of 19.52. Mrs. Sood. Even before they represent­ N o n -I n d ia n E m p i .o y e k s o f F o r e ig ii ' ed to us. our Consul-General had al­ C o n c i:r n s i n I n d ia ready taken steps in the matter. *106. Shri Veakataraman: Will the Shri V. P. Nayar: May I know whe­ Mini.ster of Commerce and Industry ther the Government have acknow­ be pleased to state: ledged to Mr. Sood the receipt of the ■ complaint? You said you have receiv­ Ta) wnether a census of non-Tndian ed a comolaint from Mr. Sood. officers employed in foreign com m ^ cial and industrial concerns in India Shri Anil K. Chanda: I said that has been compiled; there was no comolaint because the (b) what is the proportion of mcident haopened On the 1st of Indian ofTicers to ncn-lndian ofTicers January and on the 3rd our Consul- General had already lodged a protest in each State; with the Government. (c) whether there is any discrimi­ nation in the scales of pay, allow­ Shri Nambiar: In view of several ances and emcjluments as between the •such arrests that are taking place, Indian and non-Indian officers of the what steDS have been tak?n to stop Fam e category: and such incidents so that Indian nationals are not harassed? (d) whether Government propose to regulate the cmoloyment oi non- Shri Anil K. Chanda: I did not say Ind'an? ’in the concerns functioning several arrests. I said several inci­ in India? dents of this nature. Shri K. K. Basu: How long does The Minister of Commerc- and In­ the Government exnect to receive an dustry (Shri T. T, Krishnamachari): answer and to take further steps? (a) The returns received from con­ cerns employing non-Indians in res­ Shri Anil K. Chanda: It certainly ponse to Government of India notifica­ ■^akes time for the Government in tion dated the 31st July 1952 are under Portugal to send the reply. It is just compilation. 377 Written Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Written Answers 178

(b) The information is not avail­ The Deputy Minister of External able, as separate figures in respect of Affairs (Shri Anil K. Chanda): (a) employment in each state were not Yes, at New Delhi from the 28tb jcalled for. January to the 1st February, 1953. (c) No enquiry has been made into (b) No. discrimination in the scales of pay, allowances and emoluments between (c) The decisions taken at the Con­ the Indian and non-Indian officers of ference are subject to ratification on the same category. or before the 1st March 1953, pending (d) It is the declared policy of Gov­ which they cannot be disclosed. After ernment to encourage employment of that date they will be released to the Indians in foreign concerns. Press, and if the House so desires, a copy of the minutes will be placed on -Cl o s in g o f C h e m ic a l s F a c t o r ie s the Table of the House. *107. Shri Gidwani; (a) Will the (d) Agreement was reached at the TVIinisier of Commerce and tndastry Conference on a large number of im­ be pleased to state whether it is a portant points which, when implement­ lact _ that a number of factories ed, will considerably facilitate travel­ which were producing Chemicals have ling between the two countries. A closed down? joint Press Note to this effect wa3 (b) If so. what is the number of such issued by the two delegations on the lactories? conclusion of the Conference to which I invite the attention of the hon. Mem­ (c) What were the reasons lor the ber. ^Jcsing down of such factories?

The Minister of Commerce and In- C e s s o n M il l C l o t h 'flustr^ (Shri T, T. Krishnamachari): *109. Shri T. S. A. Chettiar: (a)

(a) wnether it is a fact that an A d v is e r s f o r 'W o r k in g o f F i v e Y e a r Indo-Pakistan Conference was recen­ P l a n tly held to discus? the question.^ aris­ ing from the working of the Passoort *110. Shri A. M. Thomas: Will the System; Minister of Planning be pleased to (b) whether the desirability or state what will be the functions of otherwise of the Passport System was the Advisers. who are appointed to :also discussed in the Conference, bet­ the three zones, in regard to the work­ ween the delegations of the two ing of the Five Year Plan? •countries: (c) w’hether Government propose to The Deputy Minister of Irrigatkm lay on the Table of the House the and Power (Shri Hathi): A copy o f agenda discussed and the full report the letter dated October 30, 1952, ad­ of the decisions arrived at; and dressed by the Planning Commission to all State Governments setting out (d) whether as a result of this the functions of Advisers on Pro­ "Conference any material changes in gramme Administration is laid on the ■the prevailing passport system are Table of the House. [See Appendix I, likely to take place? annexure No. 21] 179 Written Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Written Answers 18(k

C o k i n g P l a n t will have to find a place in the new Shri A. Thomas: Constitution of the State which the ♦111. M. Will the Constituent Assembly is drawing up. Minister of Production be pleased to state: One reason for the delay has been the agitation carried on in parts of (a) when the coking plant set up Jammu Province. by the Central Government will com­ mence production; T e l e v i s i o n F i l m (b) what is the quantit}’’ of coke ♦113. Shri L. J. Singh: Will the now stocked in Sindri Factory; Minister of Information and Broad­ (c) for what period the [jresent casting be pleased to state: stock will be sufficient; (a) whether it is a fact that the first (d) whether any quantity of coke Television Film has been made in stocked has been damaged; and India: (e) if so, what is the estimated loss ('b') if so, the success so far obtain­ to Government? ed in its initial stage; and The Minister of Production ^Shrl (o') if not. whether there is any K . C. Reddy): (a) As I stated in possibility of making it in the iiear reply to starred question No. 535 future? dated the 21st November 1952 by Dr. Ram Subhag Singh in this House, the The Minister of Information and Coke oven plant is being put up by Broadcasting: (Dr. Keskar): (a) I pre­ the Sindri Fertilizers and Chemicals sume that the word ‘television film' Limited. It is exoected to commence refprs to film s meant for use m tele­ production about the middle of 1954. vision circuits. The Central Govern­ ment are concerned with the sanction­ (b) The stock as on 14-1-1953 was ing of cinematograph films for exhibi­ o f the order of 1,57,000 tons. tion and do not ordinarily receive re­ (c) The present stock taken with ports of film s produced in India exceot normal supplies from the Indian Iron those that are submitted for certifica­ and Steel Co.. with whom Sindri tion to the Central Board of Film Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd. have a Censors. contract valid up to April 1953. are expected to b^' sufficient u d to about (b) and (c). Do not arise. the end of 1953. C y c l o n e R f.m f f in" T an"j ?re a n i> (d) No. T richixopoly (e) Does not arise. *114. Shri Nambiar: Will the Prime CONSTITUTION.^L ReL.^TIONS V^TITH Minister be pleased to state; K ashmir (a) whether he has received repre­ ♦112. Shri P. T. Chacko: Will the sentation for grant of relief to the Cy- Prime Minister be pleased to state: clone-afl'ected people of Tanjore and Trichinopoly Districts of the Madras- (a) whether the Delhi Agreement State; and of July. 1952 on constitutional rela­ tions with Kashmir has been imple- (b) if so, what action has been n^entbK. in full: and taken thereon? (b) if not. whether Government are in a position to say by what time The Prime Minister (Shri Jawahar- provisions such as those about the lal Nehru): (a) and (b). Only one financial integration r:nd the jurisdic­ representation, from the Pudukkottai tion of t'^'=* Supreme Court will be im- Cyclone Relief Committee, was receiv­ plementea? , ed. Independently of this, on receiot of information from the Chief Minister The Prime Minister (Shri Jawahar- of Madras, regarding damage and lal Nehru): (a) and (b). I would in­ loss caused by the cyclone in Madras^ vite the attention of the hon. Member State. Rs. 30.000/- were sent from the to the reply I gave to Short Notice Prime Minister’s National Relief Fund Question No. 24 in the House of the to the Governor of Madras for relief PeoDle on the 18th November 1952 of distress in the cyclone affected area. I indicated in that reply the action al­ A further sum of Rs. 2,350 which- ready taken in regard to implementing was received in the Prime Minister’s ttie provisions of the Indo-Kashmir National Relief Fund earmarked for Agreement of July, 1952. Madras Cvclone Relief, has also been remitted to the Governor of Madras. The Constituent Assembly of the In response to the Prime Minister’s State has acceoted the Agreement by a appeal, certain contributions were- Resolution. The part of the Agree­ made directly to the Madras Govern­ ment that has yet to be implemented ment. 181 VfTiXten Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Written Answers 16'^

Im p o r t o f I n f a n t F o o d s C y c l e I n d u s t r y *118. Shri M. K. Krishna: Will tho *115. Shri Madhao Reddi: Will the Minister of Commerce and Industry Minister of Commerce and Industry be pleased to sUte: be pleased to state whether it is a fact that Government have cut down im­ (a) whether the Tarifi Conunission’s ports of infant foods during the cur­ enquiry about the cycle industry has rent licensing period to the extent of been completed; ana 80 per cent? (b) v/aether the period of protec­ tion to this industry has been further The Minister of Commerce and In­ extended? dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): No, Sir. On the other hand the quota The Minister of Commerce and In» percentage for the import of infant dustry (Shri I. T. Krishnamachari): foods from soft currency areas during (a) No, Sir. the current licensing period has been increased to 100 per cent, as against (b) Yes, up to 31st December, 1953. zO per cent, in the previous half year. In addition, licences for the import of A l l I n d ia K h a d i a n d V i l l a g e I n d u s- powdered milk (for infant feeding) are xKiEs B o a r d s allowed from dollar and hard currency countries on the basis of 20 per cent, *119. Shri S. N. Das: (a) WiU the quota. Applications for import licences Minister of Commerce and Industry from new comers are also entertained. be pleased to state whether the Ail India Khadi and Village Industries R ecommendations o f E x p o r t A d v i s o r y Hoards nave begun functioning? C o u n c i l (b) If so, what is the programme of work that they have framed for *116. Shri Madhao Reddi: Will the the current year? Minister of Commerce and Industry be pleased to state what are the re­ (c) Have separate Khadi and Vil­ commendations of the Export Advisory lage Industries Funds been created Council which met in Delhi in the and if so, what is the amount in each month of December 1952 with regard case? to the measures to be taken to pro­ in e Minister of Commerce and in­ mote India’s export trade? dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): The Minister of Commerce and In­ (a; The A il India Khadi and ViUage dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): industries Jioard was inaugurated on A statement is placed on the Table of the 2nd of February, 1953. the House. [See Appendix I, annexure (b) For the current year the Board No. 22J has recommended a grcmt of Rs. 9 lakhs and a loan of Rs. 3U lakhs to the P r o t e c t i o n o f D i b k u g a r h T o w n f r o m All India Spinners’ Association. The E r o s i o n grant is to be spent on production and training centres for subsidising *117. Shri Amjad AU: (a) Will the wages and sales, and the loan is intend­ Minister of Irrigation and Power be ed for the purchase of cotton for Khadi pleased to state when the construc­ production. These recommendation* tion of the proposed revetment on are now being examined. Brahmaputra for the protection of Dibrugarh Town from erosion is ex­ The Board has set up committees to pected to begin? consider its programme of work and is expected to meet next month to (b) What steps, if any, have been consider the reports of these com­ taken by now to prevent erosion of mittees. Dibrugarh Town before the next monsoon breaks out in Assam? (c) A Khadi Fund is proposed to be set up. It is not proposed to have a The Deputy Minister of Irrigation separate Fund for Village Industries; and Power (Shri Hathi): (a) The state but budget provision wiU however be Government are responsible for the made for this purpose in the normal execution of the work. It will be taken way. up as soon as the necessary preli­ minaries are completed. C l o t h E x p o r t *121. Shri M. S. Gurapadaswamy: (b) Information is being collected (a) Will the Minister of Commerce from the State Government and will, and Industry be pleased to state how on receipt, be placed, on the Table of far the Government of India’s an­ the House. nouncement reducing the export duty 458 PSD 183 Written Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Written Answers 184 on cloth from 25 to 10 per cent, ad January 1953, when a resolution de­ ralorem, has improved the competi­ manding withdrawal of the Salt C

F i l m I n d u s t r y Promotion of Indian Tea Market in U.S.A. ♦125. Giani G. S. Musaflr: (a) Will fhe Minister of Information and *127. Shri N. M. Lingam: Will the Broadcasting: be pleased to state whe­ Minister of Commerce and Industry ther Government have prepared any be pleased to state: scheme to develop the film industry? (a) whether any agreement has (b) Have any changes . been made been entered into with the tea trade recently in the rules and policy gov­ in the U.S.A. for the promotion of the erning the censorship of films? Indian tea market in that country; and (c) How many pictures were total­ ^”b) if so. what is the nature of the ly rejected by the Censor Board, dur­ agreement? ing the last one year? The Minister of Commerce and In­ (d) What is the criterion govern­ dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): ing the appointment of the members (a) Yes. Sir. of the Censor Board? The Minister of Information and (b) A statement is laid on the Table Broadcasting (Dr, Keskar): (a) The of the House. [See Appendix I, an* Film Enquiry Committee has made nexure No. 23] certain recommendations which are under consideration. P opularising L ig h t M u s i c (b) There has been no change in *128 Shri Buchhikotaiah: (a) Will the policy of censorship; some addi»- the Minister of Information and tions have been made to the Cinemato­ Broadcasting be pleased to state whe­ graph (Censorship) Rules, 1951, to en­ ther a conference was Jield recently sure closer, scrutiny of films submit­ for popularising through the radio ted to the Central Board of Film light music other than film music? Censors and the exhibition of films in fb> Who attended the conference the form in which they are certified. and what were its concrete proposals? (c) 28 films were totally rejected by (c) What steps are going to be the Central Board of Film Censors taken for the encouragement of tajent during the calendar year 1952. in this direction? The Minister of Information and (d) No qualifications have been pres­ Broadcasting (Dr. Keskar): (a) Yes, cribed for membership of the Board. Sir. A meeting was held in the Minis­ The Central Board of Film Censors try of Information and Broadcasting consists of 7 members, except the to consider the steps to be taken by Chairman, who is an official; the mem­ All India Radio to build up an ade­ bers are drawn from public life. quate stock of good light music to re­ place film songs. E ncouragement o f L ig h t M u s ic *126. Shri Damodara Menon: Will (b) A statement is laid on the Table the Minister of Information and Broad- of the House fSec Appertdix I, an- nexure No. 24] castiner be pleased to state: (c) The general recommendations (a) whether the Government of madQ are under consideration. India have under consideration a scheme to encourage light music in order to replace filin records broad­ F i r i n g b y P a k is t a n F o r c e s o n I n d ia n cast by All India Radio: P a t r o l P a r t y <'b) whether the scheme will be *129. Sardar A. S. Saigal: Will the confined only to Hindi; and Prime Minister be pleased to state; (c) whether Government have any (a) whether it is a fact that cn plan to consult persons in the musical the 3rd and 4th January, 1953 Pakis­ field in the different Indian languages tan armed forces on the Indian Union before finalising the scheme? border in Garo Hills resorted to heavy firing while the Indian border The Minister of Information and forces of Mahadeo camp were pat­ Broadcasting (Dr. Keskar): (a) Yes, rolling between Bagmara and Nahe- Sir. shkole on the Mymensingh Garo Hills border; ^ ( b ) No, Sir. (b) whether it is a fact that indi^^ (c) The schemes when finalised will criminate firing continued and if so provide opportunities for the utilisa­ for how many hours or days; tion of talent available in all parts of (c) how many persons were m the country. jured and killed on either side; an^ 187 Written Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Written Answers 188

(d) whether any steps have been field of Agriculture and Animal Hus­ taken in connection with this inci­ bandry, the work has consisted main­ dent and with what result? ly of digging of compost pits. 800 com­ post pits were dug in Raisinghnagar, The Parliamentary Secretary to the 140 in Sumerpur and 100 in Dungar- Prime Minister (Shri J. N. Hazarika): pur during December and January. (a) Yes. Ammonium Sulphate was distributed to cultivators. As regards irrigation, (b) and (c). Detailed information work is being carried on in five tank^ has been called for and, when re­ in Dungarpur. New Tube-wells have ceived, will be laid on the Table of been sunk. Construction work on the House. Khandel Feeder Canal has commenced. (d) The Assam Government have The workers have comoleted 1,20,000 protested to the East Bengal Govern­ cu. ft. of earth. This will link Rajas- ment. They have also pressed for an mand lake with Khandel Tank and immediate joint enquiry, and for de­ will benefit 14,000 acres of land irri­ terrent action against the persons res­ gation. A drainage trench has been ponsible for the unprovoked attack. constructed in Baran and 15 drinking water wells cleaned. N o -W a r D e c l a r a t i o n In the field of education, 50 Jawahar *130. Shri Gidwani: (a) Will the Bal Mandirs (primary schools) have Prime Minister be pleased to state started functioning in Baran, Dungar­ whether there has been any corres­ pur, Raisinghnagar, Rajsamand and pondence recently between the Prime Sumerpur. 12 Adult education centres Minister of India and the Prime including Mahila Mandals have been Minister of Pakistan regarding a No­ opened in Dungarpur and 300 adults War Declaration by both the Govern­ are undergoing the course. In the ments ? field of communications, 450 ft. of (b) If so, has the Prime Minister Kvtcha roads have been constructed of Pakistan declined to accept the in Alwar mainly through v o lu n ta ry proposal and refused to be a party ofTort of villagers and construction cf to any such declaration? ‘ a five mile road in Baran Block has commenced. One mile long and 22 ft. The Prime Minister (Shri Jawahar- wide approach road is nearing com­ lal Nehm): (a) and (b). There has been pletion ir» Sumerpur Block. A general some Correspondence with the Pakis­ cleanliness campaign is being carried tan Prime Minister and it is still ron.- on in all Development Blocks. tinulng. It deals with many other issues besides the No-War Declaration. (b) Project Advisory Committees have been formed. CoMMITNTTY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS (c) Director of Community Projects, IN R a j a s t h a n Shri G. B. K. Hooja. 85. Shri Bheekha Bhal: w m the (d) I Invite attention to reply to Minister of Planning- be pleased to part (a) of Unstarred Question No. 38 state: in the House of the People on 10th (a) the progress of work in respect November, 1952. of the Community Development Pro­ (e) and (f). I invite attention to jects in Rajasthan at present: reply to parts (c) and (d) of Starred (b) whether the District Develop­ Question No. 481 in the House of the ment Committee and Project Advi­ People on 4th June, 1952. sory Committees have been formed; P r o d u c t i o n tn S t n d r t F e r t t l t z e r (c) who Is supervising the pro­ F a c t o r y gress of work In the Stat*; 86. Shri Kami Sinerhjf: WO! the (d) what areas will be selected for Minister of iProdnction be pleased to the implementation of Community state: Development Programme In Rajas­ than; (a) the total quantity of production (e) whether the selection of areas of Sindri Fertilizer Factory during for Community Projects Is made by 1952; and the State Government or the Central Community Administration; and (b) the Quantity allotted to various States, having regard to their demand, (f) what are the bases of the selec­ with particular reference to Rajas­ tion of areas for Community Pro­ than? ject plans In any State? The Minister of Production (Shri The Deputy Minister of Irrigation K. C. Reddy>: (a) 1,72.5^9 tons of and Power (Shri Hath!): (a) In the Ammonium Sulphate. 189 Wntten Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Written Answers 190

(b) The question appertains to the hon. Member requires Infbrmation in Minister for Food and Agriculture. respect of any other item to be speci­ The information available is however fied, information will be collected and given below. The total allocations of laid on the Table of the House. ammonium sulphate made to the various States including Rajasthan, (iii) Information is not available. during 1952 and the quantities allot­ ted cx-Sindri Factory are as under: — K a s h m i r D is p u t e 88. Shri A. C. Guha: Will the Prime S. Allottee Total allocation Ex-Sindri Minister be pleased to state: 5To. Factory (a) how the Kashmir question stands with the United Nations after Tons Tons the last Security Council’s Resolution (1) Madras 1,03,000 52,r)76 on Kashmir; Uttar Pradesh 41,000 3fi,7/)0 (b) whether Dr. Graham is still rharped with the duty of finding a r(3 ) Bomhay ,^0.000 5,000 solution or his term has expired: and 74) Bihar 2,000 2,000 (r ) whether there has been any (f)) West Bengal 13.000 6,500 further talk with or oroDosal from (fi) East Piinjal) 3,500 1,000 Dr. Graham o r the United Nations authorities? (7) Orissa r.ooo POO ^ (R)' Wadhyn Pradesh 9,000 7,000 The Prime Minister (Shri Jawahar- r(9) ABBnm r>no 500 lal Nehru): (a) to (c). The security Council’s resolution of 23rd December (10) Hyderabad 12,200 1.000 relating to the Jammu and Kashmir (IT) Mysore 3,4.'>0 State has been rejected by the Gov­ 37f) ernment of India. Dr. Graham was, f 1 ?) Madhya Bharat however, requested by the Council to (13) Rajaflthan 700 continue his efforts to bring about a (14) Bhopal r.')00 • • settlement. The Government of Tndin made it clear that they could not dis­ (1.^) Ajmer • • cuss any matter on the basis of the (ir») Delhi 700 Secrn'tv Council’s resolution of the (17) Ooorcf 33 .. 2.3rd December, but thev were nerfect^ ly prepared to confer with Dr. Graham ^^IS) HimaPhar Pradesh ‘70 with a view to find some way to a ^197' Tripura '3 .. settlement. Dr. Graham is at present (20) Kutch 10 holding talks at Geneva with repre­ •• sentatives of India and Pakistan.

I m p o r t o p M i n e r a l s T p \de w i t h I n d o n e s ia 87 Shri Eswara Reddy: Will the 89 Sardar Hukam Singh: (a) Will Minister of Commerce and Indnstry the Minister of Commerce and Indus­ be pleased to state whether Govern­ try be oleased to state what was the ment, propose to place on the Table value of the trade (exoorts and Im­ the House a statement on the im­ ports separately) with Indonesia port of minerals into India during the during 1952? past four years, giving the following information: (b) What were the chief items im- Dorted? (i) the list of minerals Imported every year, their quantity, The Minister of Commerce and In­ their value and the country of dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): export; (a) India’s exports (Including re-ex­ ports) to Indonesia during the II (ii) the purposes for which these months. January to November 19.52' minerals were imported into were valued at Rs. 482 lakhs approxi­ India; and mately. Imports during the same (iii) the total customs earnings neriod were of the order of Rs. 129 from those imports every year? lakhs. (b) Chief items imported were The Minister of Commerce and In­ diesel oil. manures, batching oil, kero­ dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): sene oil. motor spirit and essential oils. and (ii). A stateme.it in resnect Asbestos, Barytes, Borax, China B a l a n c e o f T r a d e f*lay. Graphite, Phosphate, Salt, T«ad ''nd Iron Ores, and Sulphur is laid 90. Rardar Hukam Singh: (a) Will the Table of the House. [See Ap­ the Minister of Commerce and Indus­ pendix I, annexure No. 25.1 M the try be pleased to state whether there 191 Written Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Written Answers 192 was any improvement in the overall (c) what are the improvements balance of trade position during Octo­ effected and reforms made, and any ber, November and December, 1952 other steps taken in regard to im­ as comoared with the previous three provement in film production? months? The Minister Information and (b) If so. what were the factors Broadcasting (Dr. Keskar): (a) and contributing to this improvement? (b). A Bill is under preparation con­ cerning some of the recommendation? Tlie Minister of Commerce and In­ and steps are being taken to consult dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): reoresentatives of the film industry in (a) Yes, Sir. this connection. Regarding other re­ (b) The improvement in the balance commendations there are practical of trade position was due mainly to difficulties in the way of giving effect a fall in the imports of cotton raw, to them. wheat and grain, pulses and flour. (c) The powers of the Central Gov­ ernment are at present confined to T r a d e w i t h S w e d e n “ sanctioning of cinematograph films 91. Dr. Ram Subhagr Singh: Will for public exhibition” and do not ex­ the Minister of Commerce and tend to production.* Industry be pleased to state: M u l t i - p u r p o s e R i v e r V a l l e y P r o j e c t s (a) the figures for imports from and exports to Sweden during the 93. Shri M. L. Dwivedi: Will the period beginning from the 1st Jan­ Minister of Irrigjition and Power be uary to the 31st, December. 1952; and pleased to refer to repl.y given to starred Question No. 497 asked on (b) whether the arrangement the 4th June, 1952 by Shri H. V. which governed the trade relations Pataskar and the information sup- between Sweden and India during D lic d in serial No. 92 of the state­ the year 1952 has been renewed? ment showine action taken on assur­ The Minister of Commerce and In­ ances e tc . given during the First dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): Session of the House of the People, (a) Imoorts from Sweden into India n n d state: during the period January-November, 1952, valued at Rs. 558-48 lakhs while (a) whether any further revision exports during the same pe

S y n t h e t ic F ib r e buch import duty and the agencies through which these commodities 94. Pandit Munishwar Datl were imported; and Upadhyay: (a) Will the Minister of Commerce and Industry be pleased (ii) a statement showing the details to state what is the position of of internal production of Copra and synthetic fibres displacing wool, and Cocoanut oil in India, State-wise and what percentage, if any, of our de­ the highest and lowest prices for these mand for wool is being met by commodities, in the years 1951 and ^ synthetic fibres? 1952? (b) How does it compare in cost The Minister of Commerce and In­ oi production and quality with our dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): indigenous wool? (i) and (ii). Five Statements giving The Minister of Commerce and In­ the required information are laid on dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): the Table of the House \See Ap­

received upto the 31st January, The Minister of Commerce and In­ 1953 under the Subsidised Industrial dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): Housing Scheme from— (a) Attention is invited to pages 02­ (i) State Governments, 64 of “ Statistics of foreign trade of India by countries and currency areas (ii) Statutory Housing Boards, for January to March 1952” (Pub­ (iii) Registered Co-operative So­ lished by Director General of Com­ cieties of Industrial Workers, mercial Intelligence and Statistics^ and Calcutta), a copy of which is in the (iv) Employers; Parliament Library. (b) the total amount of subsidies (b) and (c). India’s exports to and loans asked for by the appli­ Burma during the years 1949-50, 1950­ cants falling under the above four 51 and 1951-52 were of the order of categories, and the amounts sanc^ Rs. 14 crores, Rs. 22 crores and Rs. tioned; and 19-6 crores respectively. The small drop in the total value of the 1951-52 (c) the approximate number of exports as compared with the exports tenements proposed to be built by of the previous year is largely due to the applicants under each of the the general recession in trade and fall above categories? in prices which started in the latter, The Minister of Works, Housing and half of 1951-52, following the end of Supply (Sardar Swaran Singh): (a) boom conditions created by the Korean to (c). A statement is laid on the war. With the general revival of Table of the House. [See Appendix I, trade during 1952, India’s own export position has improved according to the annexure No. 29]. latest figures. S a l t W e l l s i n M a n i p u r Report of Committee o f E x p e r t s f o r 99. Shri L. J. Singh: Will the B u i ld i n g W o r k s rvlinister of Production be pleased to 101. Shri S. N, Das: Will the Minis­ state: ter of Works. Housing and Supply be (a) how many salt-wells there are pleased to state: ' in Manipur and how many of them (a) whether Government have final­ are in good condition; ly considered the report of the Com-’ (b) what kinds of salt are avail­ mittee of Experts for building works; able from these wells; and (c) whether production from these (b) which of its recommendations wells is on the increase or decrease; have been acreot.od and implemented by Government? (d) what steps Government have taken to improve these salt-wells and The Minister of Works, Housing and increase production; and Supply (Sardar Swaran Singh): (a) (e) whether there is any possibili­ The recommendations are under exa­ ty of expanding these salt-wells in mination of the Government of India. the near future? (b) The question does not arise.

The Minister of Prodnction (Shri Cotton (Production and I m p o r t ) K. C. Reddy): (a) to (e). The infor­ mation required is being collected and 102. Shri K. G. Deshmukh: Will the will be furnished to the House in due Minister of Commerce and Industry course. be pleased to state: (a) the total approximate produc­ E x p o r t s t o B u r m a tion of raw cotton in India during the year 1952-53: 100. Shri B. N. Roy: Will the Minis­ ter of Commerce and Industry be (b) the total number of bales of pleased to state: cotton that are required for the con­ sumption of Indian mills; and (a) the Indian articles exported to (c) the contracts, if any, made by Burma and the Burmese commodi­ Government for the purchase of ties imported into India in 1951­ foreign cotton during the same year? 52; (b) whether export to Burma in The Minister of Commerce and In­ 1951-52 has increased in comparison dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): with the exports in 1949-50 and 1950­ (a) 3*36 million bales. 51: and (b) 4-383 million bales. (c) if not, the reasons and the .«:teps ( c ) Government have not entered -o be taken for removing the main into any contract for the purchase of difficulties in the way of increasing foreign cotton during the year 1952­ Indian exports to that country? 53. 11^7 Written Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Written Answers

P b ic e F ix a t i o n o f P e t r o l e u m A s s i s t a n t s a n d C l e r k s i n t h e M i n i s ­ P r o d u c t s t r y OF C o m m e r c e a n d I n d u s t r y 103. Dr. Amin: (a) Will the Minis­ 106. Shri N. Prabhakar: Will the ter of Works, Housing and Supply be Minister of Commerce and Indusbr pleased to state what is the margin be pleased to state hoW many per­ of profit allowed to the Oil Companies sons belonging to the Scheduled Castes on earh petroleum product before have been recruited or promoted in fixing its price? their reserve quota of 12J per cent, to (b) What are the items which vacancies of assistants and clerks in constitute price structure of each the Ministry in the years 1950-51 and petroleum product? 1951-52? The Minister of Commerce and In­ The Deputy Minister of Works, dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): Housing and Supply (Shri Burago- A statement giving the requisite infor­ hain): (a) The hon. Member is doubt­ mation is placed on the Table of the less aware that there is no statutory House. price control over petroleum products. There could, therefore, strictly be no questj^on of Government allowing any STATEMENT particular margin of profit with ref&- rence to any particular petroleum pro­ The number of penaons belonging to duct. the Scheduled Castes recruited or pro­ moted in their reserve quota of 12J (b) The price of the major petroleum per cent, to vacancies of Assistants product is basically determined by and Clerks in the Ministry of Com­ the f.o.b. price prevailing in the Gulf merce and Industry in the years 1950­ of Mexico and the following items 51 and 1951-52. affect the final price:— N um ber of JV wfMftcr of (1) Ocean transportation charges; Scheduled Schsduled Ckisloa re- <2) Insurance; Ciutes re­ ervited or cruited as (3) Customs or Excise duty, promoied as Clerks. Assistante. (4; Overhead and other incidental charges; and 1960- 1951- 1960- 1961­ 61 62 51 62 (5) Profit. Lete Ministry Banaras Silk and Brocades (Export of Oommeroe. TO U.S.A.) Late I f inistry of Industry A 105. Pandit Munishwar Datt Upa- Supply dhyay: Will the Minister of Com­ Ministry of Co­ merce and Industry be pleased to mmerce and state; Industry (a) what is the quantity and valua­ tion of Banaras silk and brocades C o m m u n i t y P r o j e c t s i n D e l h i St a t e exported to U.S.A. during the last 107. Shri N. Prabhakar: (a) Will three years; the Minister of Planning be pleased to ' (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): block of the Community Project in the (a) 't^is information is being collec­ Delhi State? ted. . (c) What is the pay and qualifica­ (b) A statement is attached show-' tions of the Project and Assistant Pro­ Ing paras in the U.S. Customs TarilT ject Officers? under which Banaras silk and broca­ des are likely to be assessed to duty The Deputy Minister of Irrigation and the relevant rates of duty. [See and Power (Shri Hathi): (a) Yes. A Appendix I, annexure No. 30]. kutcha road has been constructed and will be got metalled. Village level (c) Government of Ihdia are not workers have been appointed. Budget mware of any such proposal. estimates have been prepared by the 58 P 8 D 199 Written Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Written Answers

State Government and Survey h*is (d) Nagpur and Guahati both 10 been completed. K.W. M.W. in place of the existing (b) Delhi has been allotted only one 1 K.W. M.W. transmitters. Development Block. The programme C o m m u n i t y R e c e iv e r s i n B a r o d a of work has not yet been finalised. (c) The pay of Project Executive 110. Dr. Amin: Will the Minister of Officer is Rs. 360/- p.m. He is an Information and Broadcasting be M.A. of the Delhi University. He was pleased to stare: the District Public Relations Officer, (a) the number of community re­ Gurg'^on. Punjab for the past three ceivers in operation in Baroda Dis­ years. He has experience of social trict: and work in rural areas. No Assistant Project Executive Officer has been ap­ (b) the names of the olaces where pointed. they have been installed in Baroda District together with the population S h a r k O il I n d u s t r y of each place’ 108. Shri N. Prabhakar: (a) Will the Minister of Commerce and Indus­ The Minister of Information and try be pleased to .state the number of Broadca^ing (Dr. Keskar): (a) 12. concerns engaged in shark oil indus­ (b) Information is being collected try, total quantities of production and and will be placed on the Table of the the average prices of the oil? House, (b) Are any steps being taken to protect the industry from foreign A s s is t a n c e to O rganisations f o r competition, such as imports of cod S o c ia l W o r k liver oil etc. and if so. what are they? 111. Shri K. C. Sodhia: (a) Will the The Minister of Commerce and In­ Minister of Planning be pleased to dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): state whether the National Advisory ^a) (i) The number of concerns en­ Committee for Public Co-operation has gaged in Shark Oil Industry— made out a list of voluntary organisa­ three. tions engaged in social w’ork which are (ii) Production of Shark Oil. qualified for assistance by Govern­ ment in their work? 1951 1952. (gallons in terms of 6000 in­ (b) What are the qualifying condi­ ternational units potency per tions for such assistance? gram.) 9,123 19,857 The Deputy Minister of Irrigation and Power (Shri Hathi): (a) and (b). :iii) Price (current) No, Sir. The work is being under­ Rs. 24/- per gallon. taken by the Planning Commission. (b) Imports of Cod Liver Oil are The principles under which grants^in- restricted with a view to saving aid will be admissible to the volun­ foreign exchange and in addition steps tary organisations engaged in social are being taken to help in deodoriz­ work have not yet been formulated, ing shark liver oil. but are under consideration.

N e w ^ R a d io S t a t io n s O u t p u t o f S i n d r i F e r t il is e r s L t d . 109. Giani G. S. Musafir: Will the 112. Shri K. C. Sodhia: Will the Minister of Information and Broad­ Minister of Production be pleased to casting be pleased to state: state: (a) th3 number of new Radio Sta­ (a) the total output of Sindri Ferti­ tions set up by the Government of lizers from the 1st April to the 31st India during the last one year; December, 1952; (b) what are the places where these (b) the total quantity sold (i) to stations have been set up; Central Government (ii) to State Gov­ Cc) whether the power of any radio ernments and (iii) to the general stations has been increased during public?: the last one year: and (c) the total quantity in stock as on (d) if so, which are these stations the 31st December, 1952; and by how much has the power been (d) the total import of ammonium increased at each of .sucR of stations? sulphate from foreign countries, if The Minister of Information and any, during the same period; Broadcastini: (Dr. Keskar): (a) None, (e) what is the cost price per ton Sir. of ammonium sulphate manufactur­ (b) Does not arise. ed in Sindri; and (c) Work is in progress on increas­ (f) what is the price of the ing the power of two radio stations. Japanese ammonium sulphate per ton? 1201 Written Answers 17 FEBRUARY 1953 Written Answers 203

The Minister of Production (SkrI L o a n s t o C o -o p e r a t i v e H o u s i n o fL C. Reddy): (a) 1,45,165 tons. S o c i e t i e s

(b) (i) the Central Government’s 113. Shri K. C. Sodhia: Will the own requirements are nil, Minister of Works, Housing and Sup­ (ii) 1,22,787 tons, and ply be pleased to state whether any (iii) 22,110 tons, including 18,665 loans for construction of houses were given by the Government of India tons through the Central during 1951-52 and in the current Pool. 3'ear to any Co-operative Housing (c) 49350 tons. Societies and if so, the amount ol (d) 192067 tons. loans advanced, the names of these Scfieties and the terms of the loans? (e) The production cost is a confi­ dential matter and cannot tnerefore be divulged. Sindri Fertilizers and The Minister of Works, Housing and Chemicals Limited, however, sell their Supply (Sardar Swaran Singh): No fertilizer to the Central Fertilizer Pool loans were advanced during the year at present at a price of Rs. 310 per 1951-52 specifically to the Co-operative ton f.o.r. Sindri. Housing Societies. As for the cur­ rent year a loan of Rs. 25.616 and a (f). The information of the Govern­ subsidy amounting to Rs. 17,078 is ment of India is as follows;— likely to be sanctioned to the Thakkar Bapa Co-operative Housing Society, Domestic Price. $ 65/66:00 per metric ton or Rs. Bhavnagar on the terms envisaged in 350/- (Approx.) per the Subsidised Industrial Housing Scheme, towards the construction of long ton. 30 tenements to be completed by June Export price. $ 62/63:00 or Rs. 1953. Applications of twelve other 336/- (Approx.) per Societies for aid under the Subsidised long ton. Scheme are under examination. GsrC'Ur-. " PariiV:--. .:.g ('..VCt''i i'kj. F?;-

Acc. _____ THE PARLIAMENTARY DEBA^I^ig* " ’* ^ " (Part II— ^Proceedings other than Questions and Answer*) OFFICIAL REPORT

313 314 HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE by the State GovernmenT and on account of that, some people have Tuesday, 17th February, 1953 bpen thrown out of employment It is purely a State matter.

The House met at Two of the Clock, Dr. Rama Rao: It is not such a simple affair. £Mr. Deputy-Speaker in the Chair] QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Mr. Deputy-Speaker: It may be very (See Part I) .serious, but hon. Members forget that we are working under a Federal Constitution and there are States which are autonomous in various ? P.M. respects. It is the duty of the State Government concerned to attend to PAPERS LAID ON THE TABLE this question. We cannot arrogate to Statement re Supplementary Demands ourselves the right to enquire as to Fx>R Grants iiiiiiH T 11 what a State Government ought or ought not to do. I am sure the re­ The Minister ot Finajice (Shri €. D. presentatives of the State Legislatures Deshmukh): I beg to present a State­ are as conscious of their duties as ment showing Supplementary Dem­ hon. Members here. I do not like ands for Grants.for expenditure of the any confusion in this matter. (Inter­ Central Government (excluding Rail­ ruption). I find that this is purely a ways) for the year 1952-53. State matter. I gave an opportunity to the hon. Member to explain the in Library.' See No, IV, O. I position to me, and he has written that < 7 i 5 r “ it is an inter-State matter. What is an inter-State matter? (Interruption). What is this repeated interruption? MOTION ON ADDRESS BY THE There must be some decorum and PRESIDENT—contd. decency observed in the House. It is purely a> State matter, and I am not Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The House going to arrogate jurisdiction or waste will now proceed with the further the time of the House so far as this consideration of the motion moved by matter is concerned. It may be a very Prof. Shriman Narayan Agarwal. important matter, but since the hon. Dr. Rama Rao (Kakinada): What Members’ counterparts are there in has happened to my adjournment the State Legislature, they would motion? attend to it. Mr. Deputy-Speaker: I have already Shri Nambiar: But that Legislature informed the hon. Member that I is not meeting. refuse my consent to it, as it relates to a ^tate subject. It does not relate to a subject pertaining to the Central Mr. Deputy-SP«aker: It may not Government. meet at all. It is none our concern, Dr. Deshmukh. I am sorry, I mean Shri Nambiar (Mayuram): Is not Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee. the Central Government concerned ^ith unemployment and retrench­ ment? Dr. S. P. Mookerjee (Calcutta South­ East): I may assure the Finance Min­ Mr. Deputy-Speaker: Some electri­ ister that I have not the remotest idea cal undertaking has been suspended of exchanging place with him. 475 PSD 316 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 316

The Minister of Finance (Shrl C. D. So far as the question of foreign Deshmokh): He said "Dr. Deshmukh” . policy is concerned, judging from the So, it must have referred to the Min­ actual results that we have obtainfed. I ister of Agriculture. do not know what exactly the foreign policy is. So far as matters that con­ cern India are concerned, viz. India’s Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: We know only status, India’s self-rcspect and India's one Deshmukh. needs, somehow although, our foreign policy has succeeded in the sense that The Minister of Agriculture (Dr. it has received applause from maily P. S. Deshmukh): I am also guarding quarters, far and near, our friends my place. seem to be running away from India whenever matters of grave import arise Dr, S. P. Mookerjee: The President's in the course of international delibera­ Address raises a number of important tion. Especially where India’s case questions some of which we will no comes up for consideration, we do not doubt have an opportunity of discuss­ get the support that we feel we deserve. ing in detail when the Budget comes There is the case of South Africa. up before the House. I would like to There is the case of Kashmir. There devote a major portion of my remarks is the case of our dealmgs with Pakis- to the situation that has arisen in • tan In every one of these matters, Jammu and Kashmir, as I consider somehow bur stand, although legiti­ that it is imperatively urgent that we mate, has not found the favour which it was entitled to receive at the hands should be able to solve this impasse so of the big countries. This new deve­ -that it would be of benefit to that lopment about MEDO is certainly dis­ State as also to the whole of India. turbing, although here also I do not know what we can do by ourselves if Before I do so, there are a few other Pakistan decides to join such an matters which I would like to touch organisation. But it is not Pakistan’s upon, as they raise certain important activity or intention alone that matters. questions of principle. The internation­ What exactly is operating behind the al situation today is causing grave scenes? What are the other countries anxiety, especially after the recent that are interested in establishing such decision of President Eishenhower to an organisa^n feeling about it? They withdraw the ban which had been are supposea to be friendly towards imposed on Formosa. In this respect, India. Our Prime Minister has the attitude of Government has been expressed his view on this matter in a made clear and I express my full con­ forthright manner that if this happens, currence with the announcement in then an emergency may arise and any­ this direction that has been made by thing may develop out of this. Only the Prime Minister. We do not want this morning, a Press report has ap­ that there should be an extension of peared in one of the newspapers. I am the theatre of war. and everything referring to a message by the P. T. I. possible should be done to avert a and I need make no apology for bring­ catastrophe which may not only des­ ing this matter to the attention of the troy portions of Asia but may affect the House. It discloses how things are stability of the entire world. But there moving behind the scenes. That mess­ are obvious limitations within which age says:— we have to function. We have not got that armed strength, that military strength, or those resources whereby “Vice-Admiral Slater. Comman­ we can enforce our will on others by der-in-Chief of Royal Navy’s East merely saying things. Already, anxiety Indies Station...’* has been expressed bv almost all demo­ cratic countries in the world that it I suppose he is a British officer— would be extremely foolish and even destructive of the very objective which the United States of America may have “. .said here today that the ques­ in view, it anything is done to hasten tion of Pakistan joining the MEDO the extension of the war zone. In fact, had not yet come down to his level, the Prime Minister has observed more but was still at political level. He than his usual caution in not speaking made the statement while address­ on this subject even on a single occa­ ing a Press Conference ofl board sion. Perhaps, making too many his flag ship H.M.S. Ceylon which speeches on such a delicate subject at is at present here on a short visit. such a critical time will not be of any help to anybody. We are all for mam- Three weeks ago. Admiral taining peace and anything that India Wright of the U.S.A., who was then can do will be done with the least here in Karachi, had m^6e a hesitation similar statement. 317 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 318

Vice-Admiral Slater said that itself very strongly. Even though the Pakistan had definitely strategic Communist Party had not shared the importance. He had come to views that the rest of us had put for­ Karachi since this would be one of ward, even they were dissatisfied with his stations of operation should the present situation and had suggested unfortunately a war break out. some other remedies. Unfortunately Vice-Admiral Slater who arrived from the side of the Congress, from the here on Saturday is leaving for side of Government no definite solution Bombay next Saturday...” has been offered. It is just a continu­ ance of the stalemate; it is just a con­ I do not know whether he would visit tinuance of the status quo, again wait­ our Prime Minister in Delhi. ing for some occasion when it would burst forth in a manner which might “ ...He said he was not visiting destroy peace and happiness of niil- the strategic Khyber Pass in Pakis­ lions of people and -also disturb the tan’s DDTth west frontier but would relationship between the two coun­ like to do so later on.” tries.

The point which I am stressing is that With regard to general matters relat­ it is not Pakistan’s desire to do some­ ing to the economic condition in the thing or not to do something that country, the Five Year Plan is there. matters. What are these friends of You read the President’s Address and ours—the British Government and the you feel that perhaps it has really Amercian Government—who some­ succeeded in rousing considerable times shower so profusely their bou­ public enthusiasm. But how are you quets on the head of our Prime Minis­ going to realise that it has not? It is^ ter doing? What exactly is their in­ not a question of blaming anybody. tention towards India? But the fact remains that somehow this Report, the recommendations contained If some discussion is going on for the in it have not been able to catch the establishment of such an organisation, imagination of the people. We would does India know about it? The Prime like to have some m m Infonnation Minister said he knew nothing about it. when the Budget comes. I hope the We have to know therefore what our Finance Minister will keep us informed friends really want to do with regard as regards the actual progress made for to this matter. I shall not develop this the implementation of the recommenda­ matter. I know this is a delicate tions of the Planning Commission and matter. But this is certainly a note of also how the Finance Minister’s expect­ warning that these two very good ations for the finance side of the scheme friends of ours are moving in a direc­ are being fulfilled. I had suggested tion which wQl not be consistent with this on the last occasion that Parlia­ ment should be kept fully informed of the best interests of India. So far as the progress, for by that means alone the Prime Minister’s information goes, it would be possible for us to know they have not yet taken India into whether the anticipations of Governr confidence. ment are really beipg carried into effect. There is no question of non­ Then comes the question of our rela­ cooperation: there is no question of tionship with Pakistan. The Presid­ saying anything ill of a srhemc which ent’s Address says that there has been may be able to do something good for a little change for the better. I do not the country. We are not opposed to know where that change is. Of course, the scheme as such. If the scheme can if for the time being there has been a do sortie good, well and good. No one cessation of angry words, or there has is opposed to it. But as a matter of been a cessation of some direct action fact, the proposals contained in the method in some oarts of Pakistan scheme have not been able to enthuse where minorities still live; you may say public opinion to that extent which that thus there has been a little change. was the expectation of the Prime Min­ But with regard to fundan>ental ister and of others. matters we find very little change. Similarly with regard to the situation in East Bengal, we will deal with it at I shall not go into the working of the time the Budget is considered. But the community projects. In some of here again I find a fatal sense of com­ the areas it has just fallen flat and the placency in the President’s Address: the people concerned, the villagers, do not situation has improved. Improvement know what all his means. When the in what sense? People are not coming Prime Minister goes a few thousands in large numbers today. But they are of rupees are spent; thousands of not coming because of obvious difficul­ people are collected, speeches are ties arising out of passport system. made and so many things happen, but Now here public opinion had expressed after that they just relapse into the 319 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1U53 by the President 320

IDr. S. P. Mookerjee] same state of ignorance and into the available but famine is there still. same state of indifference as they were Thi» mornmg papers announced that before the proposals started. In some ill Trichinopoly yesterday a few people places some good work has been done, died of starvation. From Rajasthan but normally speaking, something is similar reports have come. From lacking which prevents the masses of JVlaharashtra reports are pouring in. the people appreciating that really In my own province in Sunderbans, these measures are intended to which was once the granary of West ameliorate their suffering. Bengal, thousands of people today are starving. You do not know how many So far as the tr.ide, business ahd thousands of people have been com­ industrial position is concerned, it is pelled to sell their land for nothing. patent now that a state of depression We have been pressing, we have been is slowly coming on. There is now the urging, that the Government, which question of accumulation of large represents a welfaxe State, should stocks of production in various indus­ pass legislation and make it possible tries. There is the question of dispos­ lor thoie poor people who are com­ ing of goods which are there and pelled to give up their land for a song, people have not the purchasing capa to gel their land back. You illegalise city. The big tea industry is now tl\es3 so-called legal transactions. For tottering; the jute industry is facing a that legislation is necessary. A levy crisis. These are your organised in­ has been imposed, but actually it has dustries which bring to the coffers of created a lot of dissatisfaction, especi­ ^Government crores and crores of ally in areas where there is shortage. ^ rupees by way of foreign exchange. There again the principles and polici­ Similarly, so far as un/employment es are announced in one direction; the goes, it is on the increase. There is actual operation of these principles discontent everywhere and unemploy­ takes a different turn. We find today ment among the middle class people in various places that there is discont­ especially is now assuming staggering ent. proportions. The policy of retrench­ ment is coming. Perhaps retrench­ There is the question of linguistic ment may be inevitable due to the provinces. The President’s speech withdrawal of controls and so forth, makes some announcement that re­ but that immediately creates fresh formation of the new provinces or problems and there is no planned redrawing of the boundaries is possi­ measure before the Government so as ble not on linguistic consideration to prevent a social upheaval due to the alone, but on other considerations as loss of employment of thousands of well, administrative, financial, etc. people who for no fault of their own Assuming that this is perhaps a sound just find themselves on the streets line of proceeding, how are you going today. to implement it? Must you wait until in other areas, another Sriramulu Rehabilitation is another thing. comes up. starts a fast an 1 gives up his There again according to the Minis­ life? If you want that this question ters’ statement, rehabilitation has should be taken up, it would be been almost complete, but actually the necessary for you to set up an imparti­ sufferings and agonies of these people al tribunal which can go into the know no bounds. The other day Iwas question in all the areas and set in Sealdah Station, going to some peoples’ doubts at rc5t, maybe on the .station on the border of West Bengal. same principle Government have There the officers themselves saidtnat accepted. But if you just announce there are about 3,600 refugees who are the principle and wait until agitation there. Two had died on the previous starts then you will be inviting trou­ day on the Sealdah Platform. People ble and there is no reason why you who are coming from different parts should do it. of India where they had been sent for rehabilitation were not satisfied with With regard to the position in the arrangements there. Unfortunate­ Jammu and Kashmir I come back to ly there is no liaison. There is no it. This is a matter which has been attempt on the part of Government to engaging the attention of the public Unow why these people are coming and of the Government for the last’ so back from the areas where they had many weeks. been sent. They are just met with resistance by Government. Hunger I know we have been maligned; we strike is going on in front of the house have been attacked and abused, and ^ the Chief Minister of West Bengal. all sorts of motives have been hurled at us. Motives have been hurled at With regard to food, the Food Min­ the Praja Parishad. I would beg of the ister said that there is plenty of food House, and I would beg specially of 31’ 1 Motion on Addresa 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 322

the Prime Minister with whom I have nere just the day before I left for l)een in correspondence for the laat Jammu. I do not know much of that weeks and who knows to a cer­ State, certainly not even perhaps one- tain extent how I am trying to ]ook hundredth of what the Prime Minister at the problem, I would beg of every­ does. But yet I came into contact one to examine the issues dispassiona­ with people during my short stay tely. Let us not hurl abuses fit each there, and I saw those people and the other. There may be other occasions working of the njinds of those people when we may do so. But if once we whom the Prime Minister and Sheikh decide not to cast motives at each Abdullah would not touch. There may other, if once we proceed on the as­ be men whose minds may be working sumption that all sides are proceed­ intone direction. There may be per­ ing in a bona fide manner and yet sons who may think in a particular not agreemg with each other, it is way, different from what I do. But only then that it will be possible to certainly there cannot be anybody hun­ come to a settlement which will be dred per cent, bad or himdred per cent, fair and just. good. Their approaches have to be examined; their fears and doubts I know the Priir.e Minister levels have to be examined and dispelled. the charge of communalism on all ol us. Whenever he cannot meet an argu­ The Dogras against whom this Hght ment that is the answer that he has is gomg on are not a race of cowards. to give. (An Hon. Member: He They are a community that has given knows nothing more). I am quite pre­ the finest martial strength to India. pared, I am not making a challeng­ They fought for the liberty of their ing suggestion, because I an\ getting country; they shed their blood for the sick of this charge which is unfound­ good of this country. They are be­ ed, if we want to consider whether ing shot doivn and their women are communalism exists in the coun­ being molested and sent to Jail, and try or whether it is openly advocated the whole State is now in the midst of as a plank by any political organisa­ Ji terrible repression which was not tion, i.et us tlx a date for a debate and witnessed perhaps even in the worst let us discuss the matter. Let Gov­ (lays of the British regime. ernment bring torward Its charges. Let us have a chance of replying. We Will any question be settled through do not want communalism in this such means? Their fears have to be country. We do not want that on the examined. It is not communal at *vlL basis of religion or on the basis of If you want to give it a communal co­ caste one section of Indians should louring, someone may come and say go on hating other sections. We want “the majority are Muslims and only to see developed a society where peo­ Hindus are being attacked”. Somebody ple of diverse religions will be able may say “this ii: a communal attack to live as common' citizens and enjoy against Hindus*’. But it is an attack common rights. If there is a feeling by the State for certain reasons, good that something is being done opposite (»r bad. to this policy—^which we say not—in­ stead of talking in an abstract way, What are the things they want? let us meet, privately if he so desi­ They want that the question of ac­ res, let us all against whom such char­ cession should be finalised. I know ges are levelled sit together and dis­ there are constitutional difficulties. cuss. We are not enemies of this But this is a matter which has to be country. We are not people guilty of settled, after understanding what their ti’eason because we do not affriee with fears and doubts are'. It is no use you. It does not matter to which party sither Sheikh Abdullah or Shri Jawa- people may belong. None of us is harlal Nehru saying “we are satisfied here for doing harm or deliberate in­ that everything is all right”. They Jure to the State. Therefore, if Gov­ have to be satisfied. And if you can ernment comes forward with such a satisfy them with regard to this ques­ charg^sheet it is only fair and just tion, then one big hurdle goes. that It must be a real charge-sheet and we must be able to understand 1 have suggested various niethods. other's point of view. We may I will not go into detail* at the mo­ differ. But let us agree to differ in a ment. But I have suggested to the gentlemanly way and not go on ex­ Prime Minister a number of possible changing fireworks and exchanging alternatives through which this ques­ abuses at each other, because it does tion can be decided. There is the not carry us anywhere question of finality of accession. What is this Jammu and Kashmir Shri Algn Eal Shaslrl (Azamgarh agitation for? A few months ago I Distt—East cum Ballia DlMt.—West): went to Jammu. In fact I spoke , What are your suggestions? »23 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY'1953 by the President 324

Dr. S. F. Mookeriee: Well, I sbaU one party opposite to the other, but tell the hon. Member later on. There as friends, consider and agree that lor is the question of applicability of the special reasons certain exemptions Constitution of India. Now, let us see should be made. how this question arises. Sheikh Abdullah says that the Jammu and For instance Lands. If you want to Kashmir Assembly enjoys a limited have a special law for Jammu and sovereignty. I can understand one Kashmir, that for acquisition of land sovereign Parliament in India, and that no compensation should be paid, and is the Parliament here. There canrfot if it has succeeded in the State, pro­ be two sovereign Parliaments in this vide for it. We will not question it. country. But he is under the impres­ But finalise matters with regard to sion that according to the terms of civil rights, financial integration, abo­ the Constitution that we have approv­ lition of customs duties. It is a dis­ ed he has got certain limited powers. grace that we should have todey in I do not want to go into technicalities. India customs duties for one part. The Jammu and Kashmir is a part of the answer given is that they will lose one Indian Union, and that State has to crore of rupees and odd. Well, that be governed according to some Con­ one crore we will have to provide for. stitution, The suggestion is: accept All parties in this House will support the Indian Constitution. This is a Con­ the Finance Minister if he says that stitution framed by a Constituent As­ for the purposes of full integration of sembly which was dominated by Shri that State to India we will have to Jawaharlal Nehrli himself. This is a make a separate grant of that sum to Constitution which is based on secu­ Jammu and Kashmir. You can forgo lar considerations. It is not a Consti­ fifty crores of rupees for enforcing tution dictated by any communal mo­ prohibition. JTou must do something tives. If it is good enough for four for unifying the economic life of our crores of Muslims in India why can country of which Jammu and Kash­ it not be good for the people of mir is a part. Do you suggest that Jammu and Kashmir? we will continue this customs duty, which is operating so harshly against But there again there is a <*ompro- the people of that State themselves? mise suggested, namely, let those pro­ visions of the Constitution which re­ late to fundamental matters be imple­ mented. Some of them were declar­ These are matters which have got ed here on the floor of the House in to be finalised. On the question of the July. They have not been implemen­ flag let me say it is not :i question of ted till now. It is said that they have mere sentiment. The Prime Minister not be^n implemented because tne said the other day: Oh, these people movement has started! A more frivol­ who are agitating about this want ous and fantastic reply could not have their Bhagwa flag to be raised over been given. The agreement wias the Red Fort if the occasion arises. reached in July, and till November He mistakes the issue. It is not a nothing was done. And in Novem­ question of the Bhagw’a flag. The ber, only a part applivration of that Congress accepted its flag with some agreement was sought to be made. alterations. It is the National flag of And it is suggested that because the India now. Supposing some party, movement started the nrgeement when they come into oower, decide to could not be implemented. They ere rhange the design or the colour of the not ready with the implementation flag. That is not a crime We have yet. It is only today that the anno­ not said that the Bhagwa flag should uncement has been made that a Com­ be flown where the RSS rule; the mittee has been set up for rlarifying Communist Party will have the red certain issues. The Prime Minister flag where they rule or the Socialist knows this better than anybody. Cer­ Party will have their red flag tain issues have to be clarified. There where they rule or the Congress are a number of matters, funcfymental will have their own flag flying rights, Supreme Court, I’ resident’s where they govern. Nobody has powers, financial integration, abolition suggested that. Let there be one of customs duty. I have added con­ for the whole country. The Prime duct of elections under cne authority Minister has assured me aad he has for the whole of this country. publicly stated that the Indian flag is the supreme flag and the other flag is subordinate to it. Very well. Let us If in respect of these matters Sheikh accept it. Through that way I see the Abdullah and his party say “we will oath of compromise. Let the Indian not accept one hundred iDer cent, of flag fly over Jammu and Kashmir your Constitution**, well, let us know State every day like other States That which portion they de^jire to see em­ f point can be settled State flag bodied. We can sit together, not as may be used on special occasions. 325 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President

Then there is the question of going I am not suggesting that you break into their grievances. A Commission the State of Jammu and Kashmir into has been appointed. What Commis- bricks. The suggestion which I once 3ion? The Commission consists of 4 made as a compromise formula to persons. The Chief Justice is one of Sheikh SalKb was that if the whole them—I need not say anything now State cannot accept India's Constitu­ about him—he is the Chief Justice of tion immediately, it may do so in the State. Who were the other gen­ parts. That was a second alternative, tlemen? How many Members of the but even then Kashmir would remain House know what is the composition within India. Let us declare that of that Commission? One is the Re­ Jammu will remain as one State. venue Commissioner, the second is the Let us declare that the provincial Accountant General and the third is boundaries also will not be disturbed. the Conservator of Forests. These are Already the province of Jammu is the three officers of the State who now being divided on communal have been put into that Commission grounds. Of course the reply is that of Enquiry. Is it suggested that a the intention is not communal but the Commission consisting of three offi­ decision may be communal. You are cers of that State will sit and go into creating Hindu zones and Muslim very vital matters which ftiallenge zones within the Province. Keep the ' the soundness of the posi^'>fi of that Province of Jammu intact, keep La­ State? Is this ever clone when any dakh intact, even if you want to have controversy arises? Why not have an the scheme of provincijil autonomy impartial Commission consisting of provided for them. These are matters the Chief Justice and two Judges of of negotiations. They can be settled High Court in India and why not without breaking heads or without widen the terms of reference and say creating any controversy. that whatever grievances there are, that Commission will go into—any economic matter or a social matter or an educational matter, whatever that So far as the origin cf the move­ may be? We have a long list of griev­ ment is concerned, you can rightly ances. J do not wish to go into them say, as the Prime Minister has told me but that is one thing in which you can a number of times ‘‘do you expect find a solution. Now, these are the that I shall tolerate this sort of dis­ matters which have to be solved. Now, obedience, deliberate disobedience of I ask the House which are the matters law? This deliberate disobedience is which savour of communaliam. You a challenge to authority.” I agree that start referring to tSeir past hiiitnry, on normal occasions, this should not their father’a history, grandfather’s be the procedure. We expect that in a history. Why drag the poor Maha­ democratic Constitution such as ours, raja? He was loyal to the country. we should be able to proceed in a What offence did this Maharaja com­ manner that we get redress of our mit? He accepted accession. He grievances through constitutional handed over power to the Government means. Undoubtedly, that should be of India. He handed over power to our aim and I hope that that will be Sheikh Abdullah. Shiek Abdullah's as­ the ultimate result of onr joint en­ , cendancy on the political throne deavours. Supposing a situation arises there was possible through the legal where through the adamant attitude decision of the Maharaja hmiself. So, taken vp by the Government, because why drag him? Now he has gone. He of the majority at its command, they is finished. Now you say that the agi­ refuse to do anything for the people tation is going on for vested interests. who are opposing their policy and What vested interests? Will the people you goad them to a certain course of of Jammu, if they succeed in the agi­ action of your own, what happens tation, take charge of the entire then? It is your own inability to cope State? They have made it clear that wich the situation that may exaspe­ they have no political ambition as rate people. Is it not n fact that the such. How can they possibly give help Praja Parishad sent representations to vested interests in suc:h a manner during the last two years to the Presi­ that that will disturb the stabilitj- of dent, to the Prime Minister, to Sheikh the State, the unity of the State? I Saheb? They begged for an interview entirely agree with the Prime Minister from the Prime Minister who refused that the unity of the State of Jimmu to grant an interview only nboJt ayeai and Kashmir must be preserved at 5»iro. They could not cet an interview any cost. In fact we must recover from the President. He said “It is not on^third of the territory of the State my concern, you see the Decartment.” which we lost, if we have n sense of Sheikh Abdullah was not pr^-pared to national prestige. It is a matter of move. You have removed social untou- disgrace that one^thlrd tenitory of chability under your Constitution but flow in the hands of the enemy. you are creating political untouchabi- 327 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 82S

[Dr. S. P. Mookerjee] lity because you cannot see eye to eye was a ruthless attack on the Maha­ with certain people whose politics you raja personally. It was unnecessary do not approve. Do you believe you because he had gone out of the pic­ will be able to run this Govefnment in ture. The Dogras have been branded this way? I say this without any fear as a community which had gone and of contradiction that this movement dominated over the Kashmir Valley. would never jiave been started if only Psychologically, you could not bring there was a chance of representing the people nearer you. That is why I their view to the people in authority, appeal to you to go near them even if only there was no attempt to give at this stage. You talk to them, send piecemeal effect of the agreement for their representatives, understan^i v\rhich was passed here. Now, practi­ their viewpoints and thus create a cally the movement has been forced situation which will maice it possible upon them. Before the movement star­ for all of us to stand united. ted, when I came back from Jammu, I saw Pandit Xehru, I saw Sheikh Abdullah Believe me. I went out of my way and pleaded for a change of attitude. I was extremely anxious that . Now, what is the remedy? I come in view of the possible repercussions to my last, the last point which I and the war that was impending with would like to place beiure the House. Pakistan and also the experiment What is the remedy? Is repression a which Sheikh Abdullah has made, I remedy? The Prime Minister said yes­ was anxious—even today I am anxi­ terday in the Council of States that ous—that we should forget the past he had a list of 100 persons, police and proceed in a statesmanlike way men, etc., who had been attacked, and settle all our di(Terences. I have buildings which had been mobbed and not concealed my admiration over the other kinds of outrage which have manner in which Sheikh Abdullah has been committed. Pamphlets have been conducted himself whatever might be circulated to us. I have got about 8 said against his policy. I told him or 10 of them with me but there i^ personally and I said it in public that the other side of the picture also. I here was a man who was making an have got here reports of the repres­ experiment which our national Lea­ sion which have been carried on. If I ders failed to make and which result­ read them I know you will stand ed in the vivisection of the country. I aghast. I have not the proof to s^how appealed to him “For heaven’s sake, that whatever said is true or not. Just go to Jammu and make the people feel as I have not the means to say what­ that they are not outsiders and you ever has been circulated by the are the real leader for the Hindus and Abdullah Government is true or not. Muslims.*’ I saw the danger signal in I wanted to send a small delegation of Jammu. Psychologically. I regret to responsible people including three le­ say that both Sheikh Abdullah and gislators. Such is the Sl;ite of Jammu Pandit Nehru have been unable to and Kashmir within the Indian cope with the situation and to go near Union: permits were refused. Certain the mmds of the people of Jammu. political parties are allowed to go; certain political parties are not allow­ ed to go. I had declared that they would not interfere; only they will go, ^ee and come back. Even that was not allowed. They say, they are out for - uT'> violence. You judge by the results. Mr. Bhimsen Sachar, the Chief Minis­ [Giani G. S. Musailr (Amritsar): ter of Punjab has declared that these The agitation should be stopped first.] people are carrying arms and ammu­ nition. Are the arms and ammuni­ tion from Puniab turned into Kash­ l>r. S. P. Mookerjee: I am glad he miri laddus and carrieji to Jammu? has spoken something which is not Where are the arms and ammunition audible. So far as this question is going? Not one person has been kill­ concerned, it is a matter which needs ed on the offlcial side. Has anybody serious and dispassionate considera­ made any assertion that one man has tion. It may be that the Maharaja, a l^ n killed on the ofllcial side? How Dogra, wag at the head of the Govern­ many have been killed on the other ment which was not liked by the ma­ side? The oflRcial figures ate 11. The jority of Muslims but when the table names which have been handed over was turned, it was essential that these to me come to 20. There an^ twenly Dogras should not be singled out as a more who are mlnliii, tome of whom community which had been guilty of are supposed to have been thrown bad ronduct or bad motives. There into flaming fire which was lit by 329 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 330»

kerosene oil. Their number comes to you refuse to talk to some people be­ 20. Whether it is 20 or 40, they have cause they are your political oppon­ been shot dead. Iwo thousand have ents, because their past is bad? Who been sent to prison. They are not is there to probe into the past of Hindus alone. There are Hindus, Mus­ ivery one of You judge the pre­ lims, men and women of all (lasses sent difficult political situation accord­ and conditions of society. Some have ing to the present requirements. What been taken and thrown into cold did the British Government do? Did water. Two,—their names are heie— not the British Government carry on have died of pneumonia as a result. repression? Did they not then say that Men and women hnve been brought they will not touch the Naked FakirT out naked. They have been forced to Did not the gentleman who is apologise. Some have 1)een placed on the present Prime .Minister of slabs of ice. Women have been moles­ England say, no compromise ted and assaulted. Do these repre­ with the Naked Fakir and did not sent the functionmg of democracy? that Naked Fakir bring freedom to Are we fighting for the safety of this country? How do you say that Jammu and Kashmir, for the purpose you will not talk to your opponents of perpetuation of itiis kind of autho­ because of their past? What did rity. this kind of rule? Do they re­ Sheikh Abdulla do? Did not the Maha­ present Gandhism? raja and he fight with each othei ? Did not the Maharaja shake hands with Babu Ramnarayan Singh (Hazari- him and did he not himself in his own bagh West): No. writing make Sheikh Abdulla the chief person in the State of Jammu and Kashmir? Are we to carry in our Dr. S. P. Mookcrjee: You talk of breasts past stories, past history, and Gandhism, Gandhian style and the thereby aggravate a situation which healing touch. Suppose they are in the will destroy not only certriin sections, wrong. If I come forward and say. let but the entire peace and prosperity us have an honourable settlement and of this country? Take us as friends. If bring this to an end, what right has we are wrong, correct us. We are not. any democratic leader to say, we will sitting here with any outsiders. This not touch you, we will, not talk to you, Table does not divide us. This Table- you are guilty ot coinmunalism? Has is your Table. It does not divide the any Muslim been ki’.led? Has any sec­ minds of men. Why should we go oa tion of Muslims been attacked in Ihe quarrelling in this way? Trust us. Sit province of Jammu where the Mus­ down with us. If anybody has com­ lims form a majority? What is it that mitted any wrong, tell them that ia you have decided now? The National the national interests this should not Militia Is to be let loose on them. I be done. Give them a chance. Let ua got a report only yesterday that that see whether we can proceed in that has already been started. The Natio­ manner or not. You will not be abie nal Militia, consisting of Sheikh to destroy the Uogras. I have seen Abdulla’s party nimi, mostly Mus­ some of them, line elements. It lims, are to be let loose on these peo­ brought tears to my eyes. I saw some ple in these villages. You say they are men and women; great people, patrio­ communalists. You are fanning the tic people, fearless people. They have fire of communalism and you do not not been violent up till now. I advis­ know where it will lead to. I do not ed them that if any movement, if any want this to continue. Let us put protest is to be carried on. ir must be an end to it. How to put an end to it? on the basis of non-violence. Be­ Prestige or what is it? What is the cause, you cannot flcht the organised suggestion that I make publicly to the violence of the State and you will lose Prime Minister? Let us forget the the sympathy and co-operation uf the past. Let us not judge who was right people. It is a qtuestion of civil right and who was wrong. Let us take them It is a question of their life and deaths at their word and hear thtir demand of their very existence. Believe them. and their needs. Release them and I have seen Prem NatJi Dogra, whom send for them. Do n^t make any com­ I respect with all my heart. I am not mitment now. Send for them. Let us ashamed of that. I have met many understand the difficulties, constitu­ people in my life. There may be men, tional and political. Tell them, here good or bad or i?reater than Prem we are to give an assurance with re­ Nath Dogra. He is a loyal citi/en, a gard to the future status. Their gri­ quiet sufferer. He is a leader who does evances will be enquired into by an not lose his head. Do yon know how impartial Commission. I-.et us make an many years ago his pension was stopp­ attempt. We talk of Gandhism. We ed? I myself did not know. When hold a school here and make it an in­ I met him a few months ago in Jullun- ternational show as to what Gandhism has been and how India is being nil- dur. he was talking about his private H. Is this the typo of Gandhism llt«t affairs. He said. Doctomab. I am » .331 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 332

[Dr. S. P. Mookerjee] poor man. I said, “why. you are a Gov- spontaneous; not a Praja Parishad mo* ^rnment pensioner?*’ He said “Sheikh vement; the movement has spread and Abdullah Saheb has deprived me of various classes of people have come that long ago/* I aslfed, “you never into it. We have sympathised with it. protested?*' He said, “why should I?** We have supported it. We have JDemocracy is functioning in this way. extended our blessings to it. The pension given by the Jammu and We have done that because it is Kashmir Government has been with- not a struggle of Jammu, it is a strug­ •drawn because his politics was not gle of the people of India. liked. He has started the movement today. But, when was the pension And we have looked at it from that withdrawn? ' point of view. But we are not on the war path. We cannot threaten. If we There are people belonging to also suffer with them, we suffer at the Jammu, refugees, who have their hands of a ruthless Government which money in the Jammu and Kashmir is all powerful. What right have we to Bank. Does the Finance Minister threaten anybody, and what power Imow that they are not allowed to have we to threaten anybody? It is not draw their money because they t:annot a question of threatening. The war produce their documents? They went clouds are there. God knows what will to the High Court of Jammu and happen to this country. If somebody Kashmir and the High Court gave an has gone wrong, let us sit down even order that the money should be paid. at this stage. That was Gandhism. He An Ordinance had been passed prohi­ did not decry his opponents. He sent biting the Bank from paying this for everyone who differed from him money. These are the grievances which even to the utmost extent, sat with have to be looked into. What about the them, talked with them, and tried to Dharmartha Trust which Raja Gulab capture their hearts. I have not the Singh and his successors created? It least doubt in my mind that if that at­ may be for the preservation of Hindu tempt is made by Shri Nehru and temples. Is that a crime? Preservation Sheikh Abdulla, if these people are -of Hindu temples in India can be done sent for. and say to them: ‘We are by means of a Trust. That money is your friends. Let us sit down and dis­ not allowed to be paid. Why is it not cuss the matter, and not raise any done? These are matters which have other issue and yt)ur legitimate griev­ to be gone into. Each may be a small ances will be looked into”, the matter matter or a big matter. It is the cumu­ will be settled in ten minutes* time. It lative effect of these as also the persis­ is that magnanimity, that generosity tent refusal of the authorities to sit and statesmanship to which I ask the down and talk to ihe representatives of Prime Minister to rise at this critical the people that hive brought about juncture. this situation. Let me assure the Prime Minister that however much he may decry and Even now, my appeal to the Prime distrust us, we also have a little hold Minister is this. Let us forget the past. on this country. The elections were laet him take up the matter. He can fought a few days ago. (Interruption). rise equal to the occasion. He can de­ What is that '‘Ha, ha?*’ That is ad­ liver the goods with Sheikh Abdulla. I miration or what is it? So far as these do not say for a moment ^at you elections are concerned, they are im­ should minimise the stature of Sheikh portant for this reason. I saw with my Abdulla. Jr do not wish for a moment eyes how powerfully the resources of that you should humiliate the Gov­ the Government can be made to ope­ ernment because, then whom do I rate for the purpose of winning the humiliate? Our own Government el^ election. I can tell the Prime Minister -cted by the people of the country. It is some time later. He does not know, not a question of mutual humiliation or many of the top leaders do not know gaining one point here or lo.^ing an­ that money and wine played their part other point there. It is the question in many a sphere. You talk of Gand­ of the settlement of an issue which is hism. of national importance and which may

Shri Jawaharlal Neliru: Is it right I do beg of him thisc whatever you that, in the course of this debate, the may say, let us proceed to the main hon. Member should bring these char- subject matter of tlie debate, and let us Jies? To make these wild, irresponsible try to find out some formula whereby and fantastic charges is perfectly dis­ the Jammu question can be Fettled. graceful for the hon. Member. This Whatever may be said against us, itself shows the nature of his entire whatever motives may be ascribed to speech,...... us. I can t;ive this assurance to the Prime Minister that in case an emer­ Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: Good, very gency arises in this country—we all good. hope the war clouds will not develop; we all hope that the clouds will disap­ Shri Jawaharlal Nehm: ...... the pear—but, in case, such a contingency Tnentality behind it, the irresponsibi­ arises, on behalf of the party that I lity behind it represent, including the much-malign­ ed groups, I offer our unconditional al­ Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: His temper legiance and support to the Govern­ shows more than anything else his in- ment. If such a condition arises, it will •capacity to rule over this country. Let be the duty of everyone to stand by us not cloud the issue. the Government so that the interests of the country may be kept supreme. Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: I ask the The maintenance of peaceful atmos­ hon. Gentleman. I challenge him to phere in the country is imperative. I either prove or withdraw his remark hope, Sir, by means of mutual discus­ about wine and women. sion and understanding we will be able Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: I never said to make the interests of the people of “Vomen*. I never used it. Jammu and Kashmir safe. Let us con­ sider the case on its merits dispassio­ Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: You did. nately and reach a solution which will be to the lasting benefit of the State as Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: I said money also of the entire country. and wine. I do not know whether -women were used, but I never used the word “women”. Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: I challenge the hon. Member to prove his irres­ ^ ^ irftyjTr-rftxPT) : ponsible statement. Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The hon. Mem­ ber may conclude. It is unnecessary to Sfto 5TTTPT«r 3 I W 5 r 3ft- ^ bring in the elections. It is a purely ^ IV*11 5 provincial matter. They will have to look into the matter. SPTH % f 3»T i I 4' q? Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: There is no use losing any temper. »iiw ^ ^ WTW 'TsHt Shri Jawaharlal Nehru: It is only the hon. Member’s right, I suppose to lose his temper and say these things. 3ik 5T ^ ^ fsrenf Tfift i Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: It is the eternal right of Shri Jawaharlal Nehru always ^ ^ 15® ^ 4 1 «iln to lose his temper and our eternal duty to submit to it. JTf ^ *IT W ^ ^ JTTT# ^ I art Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The hon. Mem­ ber when he is on his legs must know ^ # fw t ^ ^ ^ ^ that the House is very attentively and

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^ t', ^ ^ ^ t JT^q- JT?^ ^ nn:^ ’fiT 'T555T- 3RWT ^ 3TR ?n«T ^ ^ t , Sft’THT ^ I 5>TTt Tl^'rftr ^ ^ TT3T!f%«p % i|*n^ 3f# aftr »i*»fl7: WHTT srar? 3ft sFt t ftr^T ^ «rP)5T ^ ^ t ^ Jjf sTP^l^ T^r *Tf^ srrar ^ 3ft 3n^55»T ^«^Tifi aTi»4^rrt?r f t sftr ^ t , ' 5; fSSIT ^ ^ ^TWT ^ T 'rni t I ^ sfsj ^ 3[Tq^ I T f # y r t ^ ^ ^ ^sr*rr 1 an>^t^«T ftprr f% ann: ^ ^ ^ 3r(wMi ^nr ?TTyif ^ TT ^rTTT gST ^ t ftfJTT, *nTT fff ^ ^ ^r »ft d)i»»i ^ ^ I afrr ^ %■ fvm aAr mi ^ w % wr (communal) m ?rmr- fsRT^ 5TT^ ^r ?rr(t ^ f*TOTf +) HT Tpt.'l^l wl»n ^ ati’^'lwi f^pT ^ ftr 3ITT % ’snr TfRt an# t ^ ^ ^irr 3rrar i| f% ^ sr^t ?ft ^ft T>foni^ 13PraT 15W ^ spV g^WHi =srrf^ afk gn *Pt ^ spT 3[Tcr ^ ’js n w w ^ t I % vm fh : >TTOr V fi?^ 3rm, an^^hs’T i(, arwt^ ^ f^r % t ^ ®*n'ftft’TT, »ii*-^'l«»i spt STFT «Ft^ % anrarr %?i5y ^ %5T % ^ ^UtlN^'l *f ^ ff I ^ arrsr ??r ^ JR5T ^ TT3^ % 3ITOT fiH i f% ^ Vt^ ^ ?5T% t' 3frr ^ f tnsFT (Round Table ’ TT^ 5 ^ "ii^r w t ^ i|t ? Conference) aftr JTfff *1^ ^ TT'Jinfn^* am % ?TTO# ^ ^ >TTSRT S>fe'TT^T^ ^*ft I

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f 0 ^ ann: t f® ^ Trirrf ^ *P^ f% 5(^ 3Tiv^g ^ ^ jft jnmr % *R?fr t ' ^ ^ ^ ?r>Tr^ ^ ark gw arr^ft ^ apt, arTsft tPT Ttr ^ ^ fw^T^T ^ TOffT % 5irr»r# t#' i ^ ?|ftf ^ =#5T 5T^ ^ I '!Trf% ^ 5T ^ r f% ?n»!f 5ft # 1w ^ ^ ?*rrft ^rwrr ^ 5fft arsRiT ftwr I am r spt aTT^ rci^fti4> jft% T^ t ' ^ f>TWr I ^ an^ 3iq^l ’ift ^TPT 5jt>T’fTTvn: Tt eft 4 ' g'^T % s n w sfr?:5Tr ftp VT? ^TT^IT 3T^ % :ft% JTT ^ f^ ^ ^ ^9rRr% ^?T ^f, vRfffT % %

9ft ar^tfwr t ’T? ^ ^ ^ ftrfJT ^ 5Tf^ wrr sr^rr^ i 'smr afk % ?nf wnW *ift jtr t- ^ ^ JR5T ^wrf 3rnr i =Fff1% ^ >iw>r n It t artr ^rc^rT ^ ^ f i ir? m > S3Tf t “f% «rr ir? Wtrf ^ 5TRff ^ sr^cTT VJK K fWfT 5 f% >ft »*TR^ T f fRT^ft afk ^rc^IT ^ ’T ^ fiFPfrnr^ ^ fsr:^^ srp? ^ ft aftr ^ «fr srprcsr jftf^ T ft ? 3flT 3ft 3T|T?5ff ^ armp: "TC 'STPT’ TT l” ? € % a r f ^ ?7E2T 515^ ararwNr^T t, ?nf% ^ ^ Hwn: ^ ?i7:»?) % ^ ^ ^ if ^ »FT 'sfw^T ^(^cft i Ivwrr ^ ?r®P^ ft? sft ^ f t ^ ^ « r ?;r 5T 5ir^ 5pj^ « m ^ ^rn> ?fr^ ^ ^ftPr^T f ^ r >nifr t ^ t I 9XVR VT ^ ^ ft 11 ?ft w ^ T?: *Ptf 3rpp*r^ *»? ^ S ^ 3 riR «n 'g w 3n^t5r*r«r ft# 'TK '^'1 *l*t Vh| 3Ti^s*(^cti >T^ T5 ij,® #’ 7f»rr ^ ^ ^»:5ft%5Fr i I (implication) f’T^ar t ?*'’ f® ^ 5nf^ % ^'TW’P 5T^ t iV w?rf *Pr ’rnr ^ t • ^'iT6iTr TRT Tt ^ t '^ ift ^rwrn: ^ift g;r% n? jftftr ^TTC ~~'^ It iT^t tftfvar ^ »rf t 43 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY/1953 bv the President 844

[ «ft 3f5»T TRT «5riFsft ] 4' ^ artr ^'5>tt f i ^ 3^^ff(unp^ovoked fmrt 3ft ^irft (states) ■attack) ^ ^ t ?>rqr t s?T gp tf^ 5!f»^a;5T «r^ t ' srrsF (attack) ^ ^ *1^1^ % 5nn# V S1V STRFT ^ ftr st? fiwft «rT, ^3^ 3ft «TTPT ^ ^ ^ TT 3n^»r>r ^ Tijr f i % siftgwft ^ ^ ^ «Frr an»r %w iw (sales tax) ^ #)«i«i <,^1 7xTX iT^sr ^ 51*? aftr ^lifdi ^ I H '»f«idi anftsrnft t, «ft 3mft 11 ’n? ^ ?r ^ ^ t • tPSTn: ^ vtt ^ s n iw «m t wrflET 41W f ftr anar TWflT f ftr ?*rr^ vtftirf ^ aftT amf^gff ^ >^W *n*r^ # ?frif ft«i% ^ ^nw §■1^ 5 I ^ aofr 5R>' Vtf fern liaflrat^it^'TTTr’Sf^T^ 5»T^ i ^ »»ft nt ? I ??r amrir i I ^ % fty# «Ptf sw^sr ^ “STrf^ aftr JT? ?ff«rR ftr^r «iW, wrftf^TT^y jfW ftw rlT? 'S|T^ n arF^tH^ •aftr 'T'^^rwf % an«ft^ arrr i ^arr 5 'J^fl a<^ Jf^T ^ 'Ti1'J> FvTTZT iT^r ?5T arsr ^ ftr% 3tY^ ^ (C W slaughter) % sfT^T % a^n^- s r ^ ft ^ (sni? I ^ % apRt ^ 5PT ^ T?r t I »rr!T % 5T5^ ^ >J*1 ftpT ft^> Tt^ H^l «r»T ^ ^ 5T^ ^ I anft fRT^ ^f?T^ % am cPT ^

We know several factors, and a re­ ^ *T*r % *tpt *tt stct' ^ ference has been made to the change <35T ^ 5 Iffir 9TVTT SR*T ^ ^ in the party constitution so far as the U.S.A. is concerned, but there cani.ot JJf 3TWt?55T ^f»TRT ?> '5TW»IT I be any concrete suggestion by anybody as to what course we should follow to *rtf^ do something in the matter. Even the hon. Member Mr. Syama Prasad * 1 ^ ^TRJ^it # I f T f f ^ A’ ^iifcTT f ft? Mookerjee, though he referred to that, had to content himself by saying that fnarjT >fV tstt % !R5t «r: ^ he would not go into details because that ultimately must be left to the aftr w *PT «Ftf *P^ I Government in power to decide as the exigencies that change from time to time require i>ms Government to act. 3RT t 4' "^Ti^n f f«p Our country is perilously situated aft 3f«n f^ , ^t^TTT ^ t between the two blocs—the Anp[lo-Ame- ricans and the Russians. The Rus­ gqf ^ 9fP!Pir ^r ftwr <5rTif sians are spreading their sphere of influence in China, Tibet and in the aftr: !3ft 9^rrV rtft ^ amr eastern countries. The Anglo-Ameri­ can bloc is influencing whether ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ?*iTT «Ft politically or economically in certain other spheres in countries which lie srnif I ?f? f ft? apt to the west of ours. And the only policy, therefore, which we could arftwR t aflT ?-T s n w r m follow consistently with the interests of our country is the policy of non­ ^ ft! ’T^farffif «ift t < alignment with any bloc and I find ^ ^ ^ irsfr TxRiTfif ?T>5rsTT that on that ground there ought not to be any difference of opinion so far I as the reasonable sections of the pub­ lic, apart from party considerations, are concerned, I know that there are people and parties who desire that we should be in one particular bloc. There are parties and groups which ^ % snRnw vr ?f*nT^ jtr arHT desire that we should be in the other bloc. But during the last five years, any wrong step on our part in align­ ing ourselves with one bloc or the Shri Pataskar (Jalgaon): I rise to other would have wrought disaster on support the Motion of Thanks so ably this country. Unless we follow the moved by the hon. Member^ Mr. Agar- present policy consistently and per­ wal. The discussion has been going sistently and in a logical manner, I on for the la&t three days and I pro­ believe, our country may have to face pose to refer to only two or three of what Korea is facing now, in no dis­ the questions which have been refer­ tant future. The world as we know red to in all these speeches. is moving in a perilous direction so far as these two blocs are concerned end I would think that the interest of a nation like ours lies naturally in not There has been some amount of aligning with any bloc and whatever critlsm in opposite direction so far as may be the considerations or the learn­ the foreign i>olicy of this Government ings which prompt one party or the is concerned. But I would like to' other. I think that the correct foreign impress upon every section of the policy is the one which we have been House that our foreign policy Is to be following so far and which has yielded judged by the conditions that exist good results. in the world todays India has only recently attained its freedom and our strength is limited. The world is di­ Then there has been in the country vided into two blocs which are using as well as in the House a good deal «U their resources in money, men» of debate with respect to what is Bkill, intelligence and everything pos­ happening in Kashmir. This question sible for creating weapons of des­ was debated even during the last £es« truction. What should be and could sion and there was a day aMotted be the policy of a country situated as for the discussion of this subject and we are when we find the world is Just now we have had a very power­ laced with these conditions and that ful and a very passionate speech and policy, as I would like to put it In a appeal from our hon. friend Dr. lew words, is the policy of alignment Syama Prasad Mookenee. The only with no bloc. point in this connection, which is Ig- PSD 8 47 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 348

[Shri Pataskar] norecj by those parties is this. Sup­ look at this question not from the posing we were to concede that all point of view of territory, not from this agitation of the Praja Parishad the point of view of one community is not, as they say, actuated by or the other, but from the point of motives of any party or communal view of the larger interests of Indian considerations, then I would like to security. We do need Kashmir, not put them a very simple question. Is only that part of Kashmir which is it not a fact, that one third of th^ actually with us but also the part original State of Jammu and Kashn^ir which is under the heels of the ag­ is still under the heels of the aggres­ gressor. The whole of Kashmir has sor? Supposing there are some legir acceded to India but a part of it is timate grievances which the people still under the heels of the aggressor. of Jammu and Ladakh have got, then This primary question has to be solved ‘ ' is it not desirable that we should wait and till that question is solved. I till there is a final solution of this think nothing would be lost if we were question? I know there are f'roups to wait. We can wait for the Supreme which are very impatient to arrive Court exercising its jurisdiction over at a decision but things are not en­ these areas, for the other fundamental ^ tirely in our hands. A wrong step rights being made applicable to them. may make us lose that for which we That will be my appeal to those peo­ have been struggling for the last ple who are carrying on this agita­ three or four years, for which a num­ tion at the present moment. The ber of our soldiers have shed their raising of passions and party consi­ blood in defence of Kashmir. There­ derations are likely to involve us in fore, why not wait for some time pn^J matters whose consequences will be not do anything in haste which will entirely different from what could be imperil the very thing for which foreseen. we have been struggling so hard during the last few years. I would equally emphatically appeal to those Looking to the progress of this people and to every section of this Kashmir question again before the House to consider what would be lost U.N.O., we know which parties and if we were to wait for some time. for what purposes are behind this move in protracting these matters. My hon. friend, Mr. Chatterjee, when Everybody is aware of it. I v/ould, he spoke yesterday asked, ‘Is it treason therefore, appeal to those honourable if these people ask for the funda­ Members who so vehemently speak mental rights given under the Con­ of the grievances of the people of stitution to be applied to them, is it Jammu, that looking to the larger in­ treason to ask that they should be terests of the whole State, nothing governed in matters of judicial ad­ would be lost if they were co wait ministration by the Supreme Court as for some time. the final arbiter of those matters?’ Well, the question rhetorically put is The next question to which I would so simple and the answer could not refer is the question of the linguistic but be that it should not be so. ^he States. At the time when we framed important point is that under the the Constitution, I was one of those peculiar circumstances that prevail who tried hard that the States should in Kashmir and looking to the ques­ be formed on a linguistic basis. It tion that onc-third of the State is still was I who moved a resolution under the heels of the aggressor, what to that effect in the old would be lost if we were to wait for Constituent Assembly (Legislative). a few days. After all the Prime Even in the Constituent Assembly I Minister has said that the State has tried my best because I believed that completely acceded to India and there that was the right time—when we is no doubt about that. were framing the Constitution—to have the States formed on a linguistic [Pandit Thakurdas BHargava in basis. Unfortunately we could not the Chair] succeed in the Constituent Assemb^ for various reasons. I am not goiiif I would emphatically appeal to those into those reasons now. A Commis­ gentlemen that whatever the grievan­ sion was ^Iso appointed to go into this ces might be—and I for one think question. I would remind non. Mem­ that there may be certain legitimate bers that Sind was separated from grievances—is it not equally desira­ Bombay and Orissa from Bihar at the ble that they who want to fight for time when the old Government of the rights of the people of Jammu India Act, 1935 was brought into force. should wait for a few days, instead Therefore, I for one earnestly tried of imperilling the whole situation. as far as possible to have the lingui»> Therefore I think it is better if people tic States at that time because I * . 34*9 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 850

lieved that that was the right moment famine than to ask for a linguistic to do it. Not having been done then State. If we insist, we will not get the question arises as to what is to be Samyuktha Maharashtra but a Vibak* ♦done now. If it is delayed. I am tha Maharashtra. Now, it is divided :sure great complications will arise. into three parts; agitation will result, 'There can be no doubt on that point. in its being divided into four parts. Dr. Lanka Sundaram: What is the So far as Maharash*,ra is con» orned, fourth one.' 1 would like to make my position clear. I know that the Andhras have Shri Pataskar: It wiil be Bo.mbay. been agitating for a long time. It That is what I apprehend. At the frightens me, if I may say so, to think moment there is another danger. Peo­ of the present result. It is not for ple who first started the hare and con­ such a State that people should strive. demned those of us who asked for lin­ As the President’s Address says, this guistic provinces, not for the disinte­ has to be done keeping in view the gration of the country but in the in­ interests of the country and the terests of the country itself,—the very wishes of the people. Unless we do same people have now started cul- it on a larger basis, mere platitudes turism. Yesterday, I got a circular will not help us. So far as Maha­ issued by the Secretary of the Maha rashtra is concerned, this is the most Gujarat and it says that some econo­ inopportune time for us to agitate, mists, philologists and literary people T^ecause we are in a peculiar position. have supported this move. We tried for Samyuktha Maharashtra Dr. Lanka Sundaram: What about iDecause there was a move for having criminologists? Maha Vidarba in it. That is why the word Samyuktha was used. Under Shri Pataskar: They have decided the Constitution, there is no question that they do not want a linguistic lof Samyuktha Maharashtra, because province, but a cultural province. I it does not provide for joining of want to warn the House that this lia- States in this way. If at all we want guistic business is not so dangerous, anything, it is a Maharashtra which is and that this cultural business is one. I am not in favour of having. going to be far more dangerous. Instead of Samyuktha Maharashtra a Maharashtra which is Vihhaktha. Shri K. K. nasu (Diamond Hai^ lL.ooking to what has happened is bour): Let there be no culture. happening in Andhra, I am convinced that if we agitate now, we shall get Shri Pataskar: India’s culture is only Vibhaktha Maharashtra. one. Throughout the centuries, India has developed a culture of her own Dr. Lanka Sundaram (Visakhapat- and we people who claim linguistic tiam): May I ask the hon. Member States never say that our cultures what exactly, is the constitutional diffi­ are different. We say that Indian culty in having the Marathi portions culture is the same and that we want C)f Madhya Pradesh, Hyderabad and a separate State only for the sake of Bombay clubbed together? admmistrative convenience. I know who is the originator of this Muha Shri Pataskar: 1 thought the hon. Gujarat movement. We smarted our Member knew it; we would not have political career together. I do not tjsed the word Samyuktha but for the want to go into personalities. It sur­ Sact that there was already a prised and pained me to find that move for a separate province by the these people claim that there are four name of Vidarba. It was on that difTerent cultures In Bombay. So fppc ground that we wanted that there as Maharashtra is concerned, I am should be an Upaprant, and some sort convinced that this is the most in­ of agreement was reached between opportune time for us to agitate. Noth­ the Marathi speaking people of the ing would be lost if we wait. Suppos­ two areas, and the word Samyuktha ing in my lifetime it does not come, was used. Even at the present time, it will come ten years hence. But I there is no difficulty in having a have no right to agitate for something Maharashtra State, but the word 5am- which will ruin for all the lime tp •yuktha need no longer be used. A conic the chances of the formation of Maharashtra State may come into a single Maharashtra. I know there being, if not today, say, flvc year? hence are other difficulties also. I can ui>* or ten years hence. But we want a derstand the grievances of the Kan- ■Maharashtra which consists of all the nadigas. Let them agitate. I give Marathi speaking areas. If we can­ my blessings to them. Let the Maha not have such a Maharashtra, it is Gujarat people also start their career “better that we go without it for the as a separate State. The remaining time being. Maharashtrians are an people will see what to do. economically backward people. Our Dr. Lanka Sundaram: And the present problem is more to face the balance is yours. 8 51 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President

Shri Pataskar: I recently issued a to say that we can go without power statement saying that as one who for some time, because even Bom^ first started this question at the time bay City does not need it. Because of the framing of the Constitution, I there was a power shortage in Bom­ consider that the present is the most bay in 1948, provision has been made inopportune moment for Maharashtr­ for this scheme. Tl^ere is already a ians to agitate. The time will come provision that a power station is to when there will be a proper Maha­ be erected in Trombay. So, there is rashtra. If it is done at present, it no need for power, and Maharashtra will be suicidal. I am not against ^ is not an industrial area. It is a linguistic States, but Maharashtra ^ famine area, and we want irrigation must take its turn. We cannot have ' facilities. So, we should concentrate a Maharashtra without Karnatak areas on this and nothing else. I therefore being separated from us and already urge that the Government should the Maha Gujarat people are agita­ divert these Rs. 33 crores to irrigation ting, though in a different name. projects, which if they are to- That is why I have made my position be completed will require about Rs. dear. 40 crores. Now that the Rama- murthi Commission is there, the attention of the whole country is Lastly, I would say that what the drawn to the severe famine conditions Maharashtrians should agitate for in Maharashtra, and also in Karnatak now is the relief of famine. Inci­ and Gujarat. I do not want to give dentally, that is a matter which should an impression for a m(?mi?nt that I want be taken into consideration by the any linguistic considerations to be in­ Planning Commission. The conditions troduced into this. If there is famine in the ditl'erent tracts of Maharashtra in Kaira or Bijapur, if the same have been already explained by my conditions prevail in the adjoining ter­ hen. friend Shri S. S. More. I have ritory of Aurangabad, well all those nothing to add to that. Thare will must be given equal treatment: each also be the reports of the Ramamur- according to its need must be the thi Commission. What is the lemedy? rule. First attention must be con­ How are we to enthuse the people? centrated on the rslief of those ra*eas IRecently, the Finance Minister made a which for the last one hundred years statement that there must be enthu­ siasm among the people for imple­ have been visited by famine from menting the Five Year Plan. Let him year to year. It would be no solace- go to Ahmednagar district and see to those people to find that a Bhakra how we can create enthusiasm among or Nangal is constructed somewhere the people there. There have been which would produce plentiful grain. lamines there for hundred years and So far as these areas are concerned, more, and every three or four years they have been devastated by famine. some small temporary projects are I appeal to the Planning Commis­ started. I was surprised to find that sion to take this factor into cruisiderac­ there is no provision in the Plan tion and see that major irrigation for any new irrigation projects except works are taken in hand in those for the completion of the two exist­ areas.| ing projects which were begun in 1949 and which have been almost com­ Shri Frank Anthony (Nominated— pleted. It may be that tbe interests Anglo-Indian): I find the House of other areas have to be served, but rather depleted and in a somewhat if you drop new projects, how can somnolent mood. I hope that vvhat I you infuse enthusiasm? Several years am going to say will have a some­ back, investigation of some four or what stimulating effect. five schemes was begun. Not one of I had given notice of two amend­ them is included in the Plan, Now ments to the Motion of Thanks to the- that the famine is there, several crores President’s Address. One drow atten­ of rupees are being spent for tempo­ tion to the .need for i\a integra­ rary relief, but that will not solve ted all-India education policy; the- the problem. The British Govern­ other asked for measures to make our ment also constructed the Dhon-Man- people more discipline minded. Beth mad line as a famine measure, but these are important subjects, but I ultimately even they had to come to have decided to speak on neither of* the conclusion, in the first part of them. My speech has been provoked" this century, that only irrigation pro­ —I am glad the hon. Member li

jee. Members of the Congress Party what do we see—^the widening gap today are inclined to be not only res­ between Communist precept and prac­ trained, but over-restrained, perhaps tice. That is what democrats through­ because ot an undus sense ot deli­ out the world today see with nilsgiv- cacy and they may not attempt to ings. This widening gap, these ob­ nail to the counter some of the pro­ jective manifestations ot Communism^ pagandist distoraons which Com­ they run to a consistent pattern: they munists here and abroad indulge in. are not pretty inanxtestaiious. Tiiey As an Independent 1 have none of are ugly and in some cases they are these qualms and none of these res­ revolting manifestations. traints. Prof. Mukerjee attacked—I nn»y al­ My friend to rny right obustd the most say abused—the President .s Ad­ American imperialists. He abused dress for what he regarded as the their British satellites. No one here lifeless platitudes about India s foreign in this House will hold a brief for policy. One thing which communists American imperialists or British sateU tend to foreget not only here, but lites. I have no doubt whatever that throughout the world, either in their there are many imperialists in Ameri­ abuse of democracy or m their blan­ ca; that there are many American dishments, is that in India we are satellites in Britain. But what my committed—perhaps dedicated—to de»- hon. friend here does not soem to re­ mocracy. (An yjn. M em b er. Demo­ member is this; that in India no one cracy?) We are trying, in spite of holds a brief for American imperia­ my old friend, to achieve, that goal. lism. We condemn what we have We are committed at any rate to the coaie to regard a:s ‘Macarthorism*. 1 democratic goal. It is not only a personally have grave misgivings lorm of Government: it consists in about w'hat I consider \o be represen­ •certain processes of thought. I know ted by ‘Taftism’. Personally , I have that these processes of thought are» had considerable misgivings about perhaps, understandable, not only to the fact that some front-rank Re­ my old frieod here, but understanda­ publican leaders, American Republican ble to Communists, are perhaps ana­ Leaders, are notorious fire-eaters. We thema to their straight-jacketed minds. have these misgivings. We resent in But when trying to abuse, or even India the undue emphasis which many seduce democratic countries, there is Americans place on dollar diplomacy this cardinal fact which they cannot —the stream-lined facet of American lorget. We may forget, but we can­ commercialised life. We in this not ellace the historical processes House bitterly resent the non-possu- which have forged certain bonds, mub. non-committal attitude oX the visible and invisible between India British Government with regard to and the eiemocracies. Let us try, if South Africa which is one of the we want to, to forget them. Still we members of the British Common­ cannot forget this cardinal fact that wealth. We have.resented it; we have India is a democracy: that India Is criticised it publicly. We see not only committed to a system of South Africa as a whole going up •Government, but to certain processe,«» in racial flames. We see myopic cri­ of thought which inevitably make her minals like Malan, we see them to­ have more in common with the other day trying by primitive arid reac­

Shri.H. N. Mukerjee (Calcutta North­ a single instance where a flat of the East): On a point ot order, Sir, In Kremlin has been attempted to be discussing the President’s Addrtss, are criticised by a single Russian or by we entitled to talk about American a single person in a satellite country democracy and >hat kind of thing, quite of Russia. I say with all respect to apart from its impact on what is hap­ my friend that even if he went with pening in India. One can refer to his colleagues, for health purposes, to these things if they can be related to Russia and attempted to criticise a conditions in India, But quite apart flat of the Kremlin, even his head from Indian conditions, are we entitled would be forfeit. (Interruption). I in a discussion of this sort to go into have no masters. That is one of the details of Soviet Ojmmmiism...... ^ virtues of democracy. We do not worship at the feet of Gurus from out­ Shri Frank Anthony: May 1 make side. (Interruption), Sir. am I to a submission? At least, I am in­ go on with this kind of market place dulging in democratic, decent lan­ interruptions? guage. My hon. friend ranted. He abused Americans—he called them im­ perialists. He abused Dulles per­ Mr. Chairman: Order, order. Let sonally. I am using restrained lan­ the hon. Member proceed. guage. (Interruption), All I am asking my friends is that until they Shri Frank Anthony: I am not sug­ can subvert this country into having gesting for one moment that India a dictatorial Government, let them can or will align herself with the de­ at least develop the democratic mocratic bloc. The Indian tradition^ virtue. . . , the Gandhian tradition will be against her aligning herself with the demo­ Mr. Chairman: The point of order cratic bloc in ^iny militarist policy. which the hon. Member has raised But let us take America’s active allies. does not actually arise, because the Do my Communist friends ask us to hon. Member himself went into gieat believe that the British people—let us. details and tried to say that the Presi­ forget Churchill—would allow them­ dent’s Address did not do justice to selves to be stampeded into a war by India, in so far as it failed to undo any American imperialist? I do not the influence of United States in Irjdia, Know whether they read any British, or did not take the line which the hon. newspapers. But every day we find Member perhaps wanted it to take. bitter criticism, particularly among the whole Labour Party, about the What the other hon. Member is doing present American policy. Let them tB to suggest why this Address is all point to a single instance where any right—wl^ that line was not taken, Soviet satellite in Eastern Europe has- why the Communist influence and attempted to criticise the Kremlin. doctripes could not find a place in the What happened to Tito? He merely- Address. In fact, the hon. Member attempted to assert a certain measure who objects himself brought in these of freedom for Yugoslavia. We know^ things, in his speech and the other what happened to him. hon. Member is simply replying to Ws arguments. I will come closer home. My friend Shri H. N. Mukerjee rose— has, I use the word advisedly ranted about India’s subservience to the Mr. Chairman: I have (disposed of Anglo-Americans. I am not a mem­ the hon. Member’s point of order. ber of the Congress party. I am not Let the hon. Member proceed. likely to become one. But at any rate the Prime Minister has pointed Shri Frank Anthony: If I may be out over and over again, instance allowed to continue in my rather after instance, where India has not temperate—democratic—way as I was only not sided with America but has^ saying, my hon. friend wa^ abusing opposed the Anglo-American bloc. the Americans. We know that there Can my friend point to a single ins­ are Imperialists in the Pentagon. But tance where his Chinese colleagues you have this functioning of demo­ have ever criticised the Russians,, cracy in America. There are millions much less opposed them? I am foiry o£ Americans who do not agree with that the Prime Minister is not here. Eisenhower’s latest step. Every major I say that the Prime Minister today action of administrative policy in a is erring on the side of magnanimity,, democracy like America or India is on the side of undue faith in China. subjected to the fierce glare of pub­ India has given every conceivable lic scrutiny. It is canvassed in the hostage to her faith in the belief that press. It is not only criticised in Chinese polity would develop accord­ .America but in the democratic press ing to the genius of the Chinese peo^ ioi the world. Let my friend point to pie. But what have w© got todayf 357 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 35S

Chou-En-Lai tried to emulate the tern—compromises with tne petty- gutter vituperation of Andrei Vyshin­ bourgeoise as they call it, with pri­ sky and referred to our Prime Minis­ vate enterprise. And after they con­ ter as “the running dog of American solidate their position on a pile of imperialism*’. We chose to ignore it murdered democrats, liberals and so- as a personal lapst: and not called deviationists they turn against as a declaration of Chinese foreign their own architects. Who does not policy, we offered the other cheek in remember the revolting tragedy of the respect of Tibet, How long are we so-called trials which took place re­ going to continue to offer our cheeks cently at Prague? Democracies have in misplaced faith to the Chinese? We their blemishes. But which of my are not going, as the Prime Minis­ friends has pointed a finger at this ter has pointed out, to fight with any revolting spectacle of these trials in one or join any-one. Still at any rate Prague? You. Sir, have read of them. let us realise this that today the We have seen in this appurtenance of Chinese Government is as firmly tied, Communism something revolting and a hog-tied, to the Russian juggernaut, nauseating? to every decent thinking as any eastern satellite of Russia. democrat. That is one point I want to underline. (Interruption). This is not the voice Under this farcical facade of so- of America. I have heard the repeti­ called trials what happened? We tive voices of the Kremlin here. I saw Communist sr^dists plumbing the am speaking as a person who does not depths of human misery and human wish through a sense of undue or degradation. V/tiere else do we misplaced delicacy, to pull his punches. find such human degradation, such Sir, they indulge in abuses but will perversion of human nature—a wife not hear the other side of the picture! asking for the death of her husband, I am amazed at this attitude, (/nter- a son demanding his father’s execu­ ruption). It is a virtue of democracy, tion? These staged trials of a Com­ they have yet to learn. They ask the munist country run to a pattern. Prime Minister—Prpf. Mukerjee ask­ ed: why does not India Join the free What about the people themselves peoples of the world? I had to res­ in the trial? They were at one time trained myself: my first impulse was leaders and fighters, probably better to laugh uproariously. (Interruption), than my friend Professor Mukerjee, Yes. it sounded like the invitation of people who installed Communism in the grave to the liberty of the grave! that country. But these one-time We aU have read from different sour­ fighters, by a special communist Tech­ ces how many millions of Russians nique of brainrwashing have been have been liquidated in the name of degraded to a sub-human level, redu­ Communist freedom. I have met people ced to grovelling creatures asking for who recently went to China, and they their own death. In the latest mani­ have told me, on good authority, that festation of the anti-Sc^mite witch­ at least two million Chinese have hunt, which is now in full blast, we see been executed in the name of free­ a reproduction of the foul drama enact­ dom. And China is only in the stage ed by the Nazis. I was rather amustd of consolidating Its freedom. (Inter­ by the attempt to portray a picture of ruption). the Communist peoples as peace-loving Mr. Chairman: This is not fair. and inoffensive. I recall a remark The hon. Member should not go on made by a senior armv offlier that making a running commentary on an­ China today has a flrst-liiie armf-d other hon. Members speech. Hon strength of ten million men. StaJin Member should exercise restraint. He recently told his Russian ageMs that will have his own time if he chooses they must accentuate their attempts to to speak. spread the Communist movements throughout the world. As far as I can Shri Frank Anthony: My friends see it, the Communists are not for­ can give it but not take it! (Inter- getting but remembering increasingly Tuption) : Sir. I must object to this the dictum of Lenin. “That the road most offensive personal remark. Who of World Communism tc Paris lies Is a tum-coat? He may be an agent through Peking and Calcutta.” Half of the Kremlin, he may be a saboteur, the Communist road has been travers­ I object to this remark from a fled^ ed. My Bengali friends are trying to . ling in this House. pave the other half. Mr. Chairman: Order, order. This would do. No one denies that Communism has very considerable economic achieve­ Shri Frank Anthony: As T was say­ ments to its credit. But that is not a ing, we find today China in the pro­ virtue of Communism. It has been cess of consolidation. This process of exacted at a terrible price, at the consolidation in Communist countries price of the murder of millions of In­ runs according to a consistent pat­ nocent people. Hitler did exactly th« 359 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President

[Shri Frank Anthony] Province, every part of the country should be judged on those criteria. same thing. Every dictatorship, be­ This is not what h^s been done. cause it moves faster than a demo­ Differential treatment, discriminating cracy, proctuces quick re.sults. When treatment has been meted out to Hitler came to power the German North India. It is clear that while nation was racked with poverty and passing the resolution, the Constituent unemployment, .and in a few years Assembly meant that the whole of time he gave the Germans full em­ this question would be taken up by ployment. (An Hon, MernbeTi That the Commission that was to be ap­ is what the Communists are giving). pointed but this question of Northern But at what cost? At the cost of the India was excluded from the consi­ degradation of the human mind and\ deration of the Commission. That was the spirit, and the ultimate destruction very unfoi;J;unate and we have com­ of Germany. plained that we were discriminated against in the appointment of that 5 P.M. Commission. When that Commission One word more, Sir. We, in India* made a report, the idea of the Sikhs are a democracy. We may flounder. and Jats was haunting them and it The methods of democracy are essen­ was on this ground that that Coip- tially tentative. The methods of trial mission postponed the formation of and error are necessarily slow methods the Provinces. but ultimately the results that we In para. 120 it says: achieve will be more permanent. It will take much more time for us to “The formation of linguistic see the results but they will be perma­ provinces is sure to give rise to nent—it may take ten years, may be a demand for separation of other 15 or even 20 years. While we achieve linguistic groups elsewhere. Claims the economic well-being of this coun­ have already been made by try we will also achieve, what is per­ Sikhs. Jats and others and these haps of greater value, the opportunir demands will, in course of time, ty for the ennobling of the human be intensified.” mind and the individual spirit. And I appeal to you. Sir. if that could I say this that India will not align be a reason because demands would herself with any bloc; we will always also be made by Sikhs and Jats. Per­ preserve the right as a democracy to haps you also are included in those have an Independent foreign policy. Jats because you were making an at­ Above all, we will never be shrouded tempt in those days to have a separate behind any iron curtain nor tied to the province for the Jats, for the Hari- wheels of any Communist jugger­ yana Prant naut. Mr. Chairman: A personal question Sardar Hukam Singh (Kapurthala- has been introduced. I was never Bhatinda): I will support my amend­ claiming a I?rovince for Jats. ment. In his Address, the President did mention about this Question of Sardar Hukam Sin^fh: I will coirect linguistic provinces. It has been said myself whenever there is a mistake. that “The question of linguistic pro­ I only meant to say that when the vinces has often agitated the people Commission speaks of Jats, it means in various parts of the country. While only that Hariyana Prant which you language and culture are important were advocjiting. You called it as considerations in the formation of Hariyana Prant and the Dhar Com^ States, it has to be remembered that mission has called it as a Jat State. the States are administrative units Mr. Chairman: Are there no Jats in the Union of India and that other considerations also have to be kept in Punjabi speaking territory? in mind. Above all, the unity of India Sardar Hukam Singh: The Dhar and national security have always to Commission has distinguisihed between be given the first priority’*. the two, the Sikhs nnd the Jats. The I agree with this. I have no grouse. Sikhs have been taken on one side In the pre-partition period, the Con­ and I presume the Jats on the other. gress was giving out pledges that as Therefore, I am justified in saying this. soon as it came into oower, there After I94at appointment, the Conpess would be redistribution of Provinces appoiiiled a high power committee. on a linguistic and cultural basis, No­ The JVP Report was made. Then also body will be against Kobody we complained that we were discri­ would have any complaint U t3ae con­ minated against. On page 10 of the siderations of unity and seosnty of Report reference is made to us ^dia are given the first priority. “ We are not concerned with What v/e want is that some definite what might be^ called ^ petty ad^ steps should be laid down, some cri­ justments of provincial bounda­ teria should be fixed and them ries such as demanded in parts or m i Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President m

J^orthern India. Even apart from there should be no ground for malign^ our view of this reference to us, we ing us, for accusing us that we are are firmly of opinion that no such separatists, that we want something; question should be raised at the else besides what is asRed for. It is prieseht moment. This does not very unfortunate. It is very unfor­ necessarily mean that the demands tunate that our Home Minister wba lor adjustment of provincial is always reputed to be, and who boundaries are unjustified or with­ claims also, that he never utters a out merit. We believe that there word unless he has thought over it— is some lorce in Ihrm and That and I give him credit for that—^refer­ some adjustment may ultimately red to that during the Hyderabad ses­ become necessary but we are con­ sion of ihe Congreas wiien he had vinced for the present that no the opportunity of opening a library in such question should be raised.” Hyderabad. It was reported in the And then in the last paragraph they Papers—and I can only gather from discuss this claim of Northern India that—that he referred to this question and said that the Sikhs wanted Kha- .and say; ' listan or Sikhistan and that that is “We are clearly of opinion that not desirable. I am very sorry if no question of rectification of that report is true. Only six months boundaries in the provinces of after the declaration of the Prime Northern India should be raised at Minister that no responsible person has the^ present moment, whatever the asked for a separate State, I am sorry mtru of such a proposal might that the hon. Home Minister should be.” be misled by some information or some Has this case of Northern India advice, I do not know what it was. . . ^ver been considered at any moment? The Minister of Home Affairs and And on merits it had been decided States (Dr. Katju): On a pc?lnt of that a province could not be formed personal explanation, Sir, I never ”when it co^ild not be financially strong, uttered the word Sikhistan. What I when the national security would be said was something in praise of my endangered or when Ihe uTjity wouid great friends the Sikhs. What I said be weakened. Then surely we would was: I find that the Sikhs have spread not have pressed this demand and themselves all over India and are the even now I say on the floor of the honoured citizens of this great coun«» House that if somebody can convince try and I do not see any reason why us that he has apprehensions to sus­ they should confine themselves in a pect that the national security is going limited area. That is all that I said. to be endangered or that Indian This is almost a literal translation of unity would be weakened, we will what I said. There were hundreds give it up because national se­ of Sikhs. Every one was happy and curity and Indian unity must get they said, “you are a Punjabi, you are first priority and we are for that. We telling the truth.” are not, at the expense of national -security or Indian unity, pressing for Giani G. S. i^fusafir; You sr Assembly -all propaganda. This bogey is raised and said you should not be forced to slang us. There is the proverb to teach your children Punjabi and ^‘give tJie dog a bad name before that there was a fear that you may hanging it”. On the 5th July, when be compelled to do it. You advocated this resolution on linguistic provinces then the formation of a province be­ ‘ was being discussed, the Prime Minis­ cause you feared that Punjabi might ter was pleased to refer that in Nor­ be forced on yau. The words that you thern India Sikhs wanted a separate said at that time are really a guide to me and I can quote them. You State. I stood up and put a question saxd: to him “Who had asked for a State” and he welcomed that statement. He ‘"For example, I would like to acknowledged that no responsible man mention that Hariana. which is at has done it After that statement. pre^nt Included in East Punji*. 363 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 364

[Sardar Hukam Singh] has been trying for the last 40 franca of the country. It shall be years to get itself attached to areas taught and read by everybody. The whose language, customs and Sikhs will go, I should say, foremost traditions are similar to its own in that. The Sikhs are not ashamed and to get itself constituted mto of it. They are proud to read it and a separate province. But, it study it. What they want is that could not succeed. The reason Punjabi should hav^e the status of a was that when this was discussed regional language, just as any other with the UP leaders, they at once language has in its own territory when stated that this was a device to it is called the mother tongue. Against parcel out UP. They did not even this, we are told...... consider whether it was a right Mr. Chairman: The hon. Member thing to do or not. Provincialism has already taken 16 minutes. He wilk and other ideas have become sq have two minutes more. I am not ingrained in us that nobody is pre­ going to stop him for two or three pared to judge a thing on its own minutes. merits/* Sardar Hukam Singh: I was refer­ ring to the fact that the Jullundur Exactly that is my complaint. Now, Municipality passed a resolution that the position is the same. I might also the rn^dium of instruction should be say that another Hariana leader Ch. Hindi:' it was an area where 98 per Banbir Singh also advocated the same cent, of population was Punjabi-speak­ thing next day, on y^e 18th Novem­ ing. We are told, why should the ber: that they want to be separated Sikhs advocate this case of Punjabi from the Punjab, that those districts when the Hindus, the majority com­ of Hariana had been included in the munity, are not in its favour. That Punjab as a penalty for the doings of is a policy which I am not able to this area during the Mutiny, that they follow. If really language is akin to had nothing common with Ihem and a mother, because the elder brother^ therefore they should be separated. out of strained relations, out of any Those persons who were advocating misunderstanding or, I should say, any thus were called communal separatists: wrath at the mistakes of the brother as these were the words. I find myself well, is ready to stab his mother, does, in the same position when I advocate it lie in the mouth of anybody to say the case of a Punjabi-speaking proi^ that the younger brother should not in­ vince. I am not surprised because tervene and projtect his mother because that is the state of everybody who the assailant was also born of the same advocates that. I may assure you womb? Does it stand to reason that that I have the same honest intentions because the majority community is and ideas as you had in your mind not prepared to protect it, therefore^ when you were advocating the idea of the Sikhs should be asked not to pro­ forming a separate State. There is tect it? Is this democracy? Whea nothing behind that. the members of the majority com­ munity disown their mother tongue^ As I said, there is the language con­ it must be diagnosed what the malady troversy in the Punjab. Everybody is. It must be a diseased mind that knows that during the last census ope­ disowns the mother. There mu«5t be rations a greater part of the maionty some motive behind that. That must Community disowned their mother lan­ be diagnosed. guage. At last a formula was agreed to and that had the blessings of the Then, we are told that language has; High Command as well. I am grieved nothing to do with religion, that it i^. to know that even that was not satis­ regional and territorial. But. then, it. factory in certain respects, was not is a language recognised in the Consti­ acceptable and even that has not been tution. Therefore, it must have some worked. The Municipal Committee region where it is gpoken. I only of Jullundur, vvhere during the census want that this must have the status of 1931 and 1941 it was found that 98 of any other language in that region per cent, of tha population was Pun­ where it is spoken and nothing be­ jabi-speaking, passed a resolution that yond that. Motives should not be im­ the medium of instruction should be puted to the Sikhs because they ad­ Hindi. Let that be explained here at vocate it. It is an iri^ny of fate thgt this moment that the Sikhs are not in the census of 1941 the Muslims gave against Hindi, It is a confusion that their mother tongue as Urdu and the is being created. The Sikhs respect Hindus, Hindi, because there was a Hindi; they love Hindi; they read it. controversy about Hindi and Urdu. It They only want that their regional was only the Sikhs who returned their language shouW not be excluded, mother tongue as Punjabi. That men* should not be extinguished and that tality has continued even in thi» it should have its own place. Hindi census. A large section of the majori* has a superior status. It is the lingua ty community gave their mother tongue 306 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 30 as Hindi. Therefore, the Sikhs were dent’s order—it ma^y be wrong or- isolated and left alone. Now, if they right, that is a different matter; th^t raise that cry and say that this is we can discuss on its merits—simply their mother tongue, they are dubbed for saying that they should be treated as communal isolationists, they are alike, they are dubbed as commu- enemies of the country. I am here .nalists. If they say that there has to appeal to the hon. Members of the ]t)een discrimination in the services^ House that this is a very curious posi­ that they are not treated equally, that tion. It should be looked at with on account of their religion there has sympathy. I could remind you of been discrimination—let an officer be one msiance; perhaps you would be appointed, and if he is satisfied that remembering it very much. During there is no discrimination, they will the delimitation of constituencies two keep silent—th^y arc called isola­ years ago, in this House, one consti­ tionists, enemies of the country. What tuency was not made to the satisfac- they want is only this, that there shall .tion of one individual Member of this not be discrimination on account of House. And he went round to the religion or caste. They should be Members, and said that there would treated equally, so far as the scheduled be a Sikh Raj, that Punjab would be castes are concerned. If other States taken away from Hindustan, that and areas are considered on a linguis­ India was goin^ to lose this portion tic and cultural basis, then Nortlr of the Punjab, and he raised such a India should ^J^o be considered, y hue and cry and carried on propaganda considerations of defence and unity of against the Sikhs, that certain hon. India are brought in, they have ab­ Members, and one of them, of course, solutely no objection. Let some test a Minister, enquired of me what that be applied, and it should be equal. was. I said there was nothing at all. When you. said that the demand for It was only a case of one constituency. Punjabi-speaking province was anti­ It had been carved out by the Electoral national, I was surprised to read it,, Officer of Punjab, and confirmed because you could make a similar de­ by the Chief Election Commissioner mand two or three years ago and that of India, neither of whom was a Sikh, could be national, and it is my ilU But, a bogey was raised in this House, luck that when I bring it, it is consider­ and certain Members were saying that ed in a different manner, though I. a Sikh Raj was coming, that Sikhs have no wrong intentions, no ulterior would have a majority in the Punjab, motive. I am a citizen of India, and then a depytation was led to the an Indian first and last, and I want to President against this, that if this shed my last drop of blood also if some was not set right, things were going contingency arises. Then, my appeal to be, very bad; and until that seat is that I should not be misunderstood, was set right in this House, I should rather, I should not be misrepresented say that hu^ and cry did not cease. deliberately and consciously simply to deny the same ihing that is being asked by others. Now, I ask this House, if for the sake of even one, constituency such a Shri R. K. Chaudhuri (Gauhati): I hue and cry can be raised, propaganda want, first of all, to deal with a sub­ can be carried and people can be ject which is uppermost in my mind, misled to believe that there is some­ and that is with reference to the report thing wrong with the Sikhs, that they of the Finance Commission. I am want to separate and take away the very much gratified to see that Assan:v State, then where can this minority which has been hitherto both under go? I am here to impress upon this the British rule as well as under the House that this band of soldiers, the Indian rule considered as the Cinderal- batch of volunteers who like to be la of India, has, after all, been able to servants of the country, are being de­ get something to hide hejr nakedness. moralized, They are being estran­ Assam has not been placed In a peti­ ged. They do not feel satisfied. tion where she might think of getting Not that they want any privileges* perfumed hair oil or lipstick, but still not that they waiit any conces­ she has got something \mder the sions, not that they want any pre­ Finance Commission’s report for which. ferential treatment, but they want to I wish to pay my tribute to the be treated as equal citizens, and that Finance Commission as well as to the is not being done. If they want the Chairman of that Commission who same thing as another part is wanting, happened to be one of oiir colleagues they are dubbed as communalists. If till very recently. they want that their scheduled castes should be treated as any other sche­ But then if you look at this report duled castes, that there should be no from a really Impartial point of view, discrimination between a Hindu and a if you (^ pare it with the position Sikh, then they are dubbed as conv> of other States in India, you will have- munalists, isolationists. But, when to admit that we have really not .this difference is made in the Presi­ irained much. The additional amount :»67 Motion on Addrest 17 t’EBRUAEY 1963 by the President

[Shri R. K. Chaudhuri] ■which we have got under this Finance Not one Assamese you will f^nd Cotnmissio4;i will be hardly suflftcienl to amongst these 13 lakhs 'of labourers wipe away the deficit whigh we have in the tea plantations. They in the Provincial budget. Last year, are mainly from the Santal Par- the deficit was to the tune of about ganas, Bihar, Orissa and Madras, Rs. 3 crores, and this additional though there may be a spinkling from amount which we are getting will the othJ^r States of India. So, \i^en hardly be enough to c]fiar off that I respectfully request my hon. friends deficit. in this House who do not either be­ Then, what is still more galling from long to Assam or to Bengal, to have our point of view is that we have not a more sympathetic view of the tea- been credited with any shave of the ^ estates, I do so with this clear idea petrol excise duty, and no substitute ' that in helping Assam and the tea in­ has been given to us for that. The dustry, they will be helping them­ hon. Members of the House will be selves. They will help their teeming surprised to learn that in Assam millions of labourers. As the hon. where this petrol is produced, the Minister of Labour staled the other mother earth of which is being em- day, about 60 tea gardens have been bowelled every year, there we have closed, and about 46,000 labourers to pay for a §ailon of petrol at the have been rendered homeless and with­ rate of Rs. 3/2 per gallon,, whereas out an^ income. Is it possible for the here in Delhi which does not produce Government of Assam to provide for a drop of petrol, you get petrol at this teeming population of labourers the rate of Rs. 2/11 or so. Look at in Assam? Is there any occupation in the disparity in price. X^OuK Assam in which they can be provided at the partiality of the thing. for oj' engaged, in order to enable them to get their living. Dr. Lanka Sundaram: So near and My hon friends,here waxed eloquent and so far! on the condition of the poor labourers. Shri R. K. Chaudhuri: I think that But do they for a moment think of injustice against which we had com­ these labourers in Assam, whose fate plained for nearly 25 years has not is intimately bound up with the fate yet received any marked hearing from of the tea gardeijs? The proprietors any quarter. And when 1 find that of the tea gardens, who are intelli­ the Fjnanoe Commission is absolutely gent people, and who have other busi­ silent on this point, I am inclined to nesses, will find their living somehow exclaim—when I remember my hon. or other, but what is to be done about friend S.hri K. C. Neogy, I am inclined these labourers? Ini mediately we are to think—“You too Brutus!” He also concerned only with about 46,000 has neglected Assam in this important labourers, but their number is swel­ respect. I believe it is never too late ling day by day, and there is no other to mend, and 1 think the Government enterprise in Assam, which can pro­ -can still ask the Finance Commission vide employment for them. I am to consider this specific point along ashamed to admit that my hon. friends with other specific points that may here will be surprised to learn that arise in the otlier parts of the coun­ in the State of Assam, there is not a try, and make their recommendations single textile mill. In th^ State of in this behalf. That, as I said, will en­ Assam, there is not a single jute milL able the Cinderalla to put on a brighter There is not a single factory which is garb in the near future. worth mentioning at all. How are you Now some reference has been made then going to provide for these * la­ by the President in his Address to bourers? Is it not a matter for your tea. It will not be st.rpnsing for the concern? Is it not a matter for the House to know th^t tea forms the concern of this House? (Intenrup- main backbone of the economy in our tion). My hon. friend comes from State. With the closure of tea Madras, and he thinks more of his gardens, the entire economic structure cofTee than of tea. But he does not of Assam will be shaken. I am afraid think at the same time of the fate of the hon. Members of this House who the labourers who have been alTectcd. come from northern India particular­ Whether it is coffee or tea, the fate ly, are absolutely indifferent to the of the labourers is mixed with that interests of tea. They labour under position. Thero£ore I would request a prejudice against consumption of the hon. Minister of Commerce and In­ tea, a prejudice which should have dustry, the hon. Minister of Labour been overcome by this time. But, if and also the hon. Mlnis-er of Finance they will be so pleased to look at the to take this aspect of the matter into whole question from this point at serious consideration, namely that the view, namely that there are 13 lakhs sum of Rs. 25 lakhs which has been of labouring population in the tea placed at the disposal of the Govern­ ^states of Assam—in these 13 lakhs ment of Assam will not in the least \6t one native of Assam is included. go towards the solution of the problem. 369 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 370

We are facing now a great diffi­ which would give a handle to m r culty, a great risk of the entire labour friends in the Opposition, to cudgel population being thrown into the em­ my Government. But I s^y that it brace of the Communists. If they be- is not on account of any indifference, ,come Communvj^s, lock, sto^k and or neglect or want of sympathy that barrel, then the praise will not oe due the State has been treated in this way, to the communists, but the disgrace but because of ignorance of some will be due to us. I do not belittle people, and of the ignorance of some the steps which the Government have people who ought to have known taken. I do not belittle the earnestness better. with which the Government has pro­ ceeded to solve this prublom But I As I have stated once before when bemoan the lot of the State, and 1 I read out an extract from a book bemoan the condition of these labour­ ‘The Citizen of India*.—it was a text­ ers, which is miserably staring m our book in the old entrance examination eyes. days, and I wonder whether there is anybody who is as old a.> myseif. who Next I turn to the reference which would have read that textbook—if was made to the Five Year Plan. The one finger gets rotten, then the whole authors of the Plan, I think, will ex­ body will suffer. This particular press great regret, when 1 point out passage ought to be brouijht home to to them that in the whole Plan, the our Government now. If Assam is only provision that has been made for neglected, if Assam becomes a rotten Assam is for a hydro-electric plant. finger, then the entire body of India That is the only thing which has been will be affected -it 'jome time or other. mentioned. There is nothing else And in this matter of the neglect of ' that has been given for the State of Assam. I think the Ooposition as well Assam. We do not want multitude as Government are in unanimity. of tractors. We do not v/ant a Da- An Hon. Member: How will that be. modar Valley Coiporation, or a Hira- possible? kud project or anything like that. Our wants are very simple. We want that Shri R. K. Chaudhari; Because not an embankment should be made, that a word of sympathy I have heard from what is known as a ‘Mathari’ should these Benches. I say in this matter, be built. That does not cost much. they are practically unanimous, (/n- And yet there is no provision for that terruption). Nine months ago—and in the whole Plan. We are being nine months is a critical period so flooivd every year. The entire ciop far as a human being is concerned— is damaged sometimes in a particular the President ^ave u^3 an Address, year, and we become helpless, and and my hon. friends in the Opj»Gs4tion we have to look at the heaven, and also addressed this House. But I am look to the mercy of the rest of India, really struck by the difference in the to save us from ^famine and starva­ tone of the speeches made by the Op­ tion. Hon. Members will be surpris­ position this time. I really admire the ed to le^rn that during the Assam spirit of my hon. friend. Mr, Nambiar, had plenty of foodgrair.s. Assam not and the constructive attitude he adop­ only supplied foodgrains for the vast ted. He has no longer the pitch of army which was located there during the firebrand which he used to be in the war, but even up till 1950, had been the last session. I feel, and every­ supplying rise to Bengal and some body in this House ought to feel, as rice also to Madras. But what is the they see the achievements of the Gov­ position now? The present position ernment—even though they do not is one of deficit. Although it it\ay not express it openly, they feel in the be officially admitted, still the present heart of hearts—that really our Gov­ position is one of deficit. Yet. if a ernment has made good progress. T little effort is made, if some conside­ still hope—I may be considered opti­ ration is shown, if a comoaratively mistic-—but I hope that f(fter another flmall sum of money is allotted to 9 months when they will be discussing Assam, not the crores and hundreds the President’s Address, wisdom wiU of crores of ruoees which are allotted dawn upon them (Interruption) and to the different provinces of India, they will find a lot of things in which Assam would be able, in a few years, they can with a clear conscience ex­ to feed at least the neighbouring pro­ press in this House. vinces with rice. But alas! In spite Shri S. S. More (Sholapur): We of the sympathy of which we hear and join the Congress! in spite of the pains that have been taken to prepare this Plan, still, in Shri R. K. ChaudhaH: I must admit this Plan Assam has been ?Iven no that I as well as many Members o f ‘ place for development. That is really a my party have felt largely depressed' matter of great regret. I do not say on account of the recitals on Jammu this in any sense of carping criticism, and Kashmir in this House, which v and I do not ,vish to say anything were made by two redoubtable friends,^ =371 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 372

[Shri R. K. Chaudhuvi] Mr. Chairman: Maul ana Masoudl. Mr. Chatterjee and Dr, Mukerjee. Sahib. Those of us who belong to the Con­ gress and those among us who belong to the Opposition have always set our face against repression of any kind. We do not want repression in our • >}^ u »*») country. The Nehru Government •does not want to rule India by any­ thing like repression. I had before ^ : me a book called “Satyagraha without, Truth”. When I heard the speech yesterday of Mr. Chatterjee, I read that book again, and I found that if ^one/tenth ot what has been stated in that pamphlet was true, there was ~ ^ ^ J ^ really reason for taking strong mea- -fsures. I was listening attentively to the i, speeches which were made on the ••subject and I was rather relieved to *lwL. fjul - find that the justification for the reci­ tals in the pamphlet could not be very much denied. I did not hear as I j y ^ v l ^ anxiously listened to the speeches any serious contradiction of the statements, ^ of the racitals of facts, which were made in this pamphlet. Of course one must concede that this is a propa- . 'fianda book, but still when propaganda i.* 4“ ~ L L is not met by rounter-propagand'i, the propaganda which is made in the I- If pamphlet gains the heart of c very- body. UubL^ Ijlxib

So I say whatever that may be, I «;L, £0 4 ^ ^ J yjl give credit to the sugtiei?tion, the cons­ tructive suggestion, which my friend, Mr. Chatterjee, made yesterday In L.-V tHt'V •»>-' 1 order to solve this problem. 'fhat constructive suggestion, which I heart­ ily accept, is that our Prime Minister should call both the parties together iSyCi, >^4 and try to bring about a solution. Kashmir is one of the brightest jewels ^ H £fM> 1 , ^ jjf of India, territorially as well as reli­ giously. It was at one time said to be the heaven on earth—Bhooswarg, We do not want to lose Kashmir. We do ‘not want to be separated from. Kash­ mir under any circumstances. If my hon. friend, the Prime Minister, the yi J>r* £ »f friend of India, will only accept the suggestion which was »nade and if lie will invite both the parties, I am sure peace will be restored in Jammu vT u *ij. n, and Kashmir and the whole question ■ will be satisfactorily solved. That has been done before and that may be done again. This is my faith, kJ>J» t:f>S ^ Jlfm that if this cannot be done by Pandit ^awaharlal Neh^u, there is nobody in ^ J^r- i. “Jthe world who will be able to do it. (Interruption), Yes, nobody will be able - A >*;| iS-i to do it. You know more of Pandit Nehru than I do. You must admit this, that if he cannot do this, then J fp e t i s i ^ ]»LsJ mobody else will be able to do it. Jik ^ ^ J - Dr. Lanka Sundaram: He wants H^ine bells. Sir. A ^ ^ £ « a** 378 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 8T4

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*< )»> l<>< i^lRU «) jJ li. ^ (English translation of the above speech) ' ^ c 'v T »=»• Vif** i ^ U)* (.jK. - **) wJli. Maulana Misudl (Jammu and Kashmir): Mr. Chairman, today is the fourth day of the debate on the - ^ JIf ij J J J I ^ *s Motion of Thanks for the addrats deliver^ by^ the^j.J^^Went in the . Mr. Deputy-Speaker: Order, order, Joint-pitting, of ^e' two Houses o f .. 'Let there be no cross talks. (Interrup­ Parliament. In this connection many tion). I things have been discussed at great length. I would not touch those There are so many other orcaf-ions points. I would like to say something ^hen these can be gone ioio in greater about the problem of Kashmir, to 475 PSD 411 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 412:

[Maulana Masuodi] which I have the privilege of belong­ the Kashmir question before the- ing. Certain doubts and misgivings U.N.O. are those who are greatly in­ unrelated to facts are likely to be terested in MEDO and the Inclusion, created in the minds of a large num­ of Pakistan in MEDO. In their view, ber of M. Ps. on account of the spee­ Kashmir has strategic importance. The ches of two hon. Members parti­ common people believe that Kashmir cularly who blew hot and cold in the has importance because of its orchards,, same breath yesterday and today. But, hikes, rivers, streams, pleasant climate before I reply to the points raised by and high moimtains, but in the eyes the two hon. Members in regard to of MEDO, it is diilerent. For MEDO the agitation in Jammu and the Kash­ Kashmir is important because tne mir problem. I would, Sir, through yo«, borders in Asia of China, Afghanis^ like to draw the attention of the Hou«e tan, Pakistan, India and Tibet meet to the background of the Kashmir there. This importance of Kashmir question. The background of the should not be lost sight of and it Kashmir question is international, not should be borne in mind that it would only because of the fact that this ques­ have extraordinary importance in tion has been pending in the highest Asia in the coming war. This ip a. international Council of the world for place, which can be converted into, the last five years, but also because its strongest base and strcMighold by the Kashmir question has for the last any of the two parties occupying it. one or two months gained a new im­ and which capnot be easily altacKed portance. In the eyes of the two power from without. Four guns installed, blocs, which are now makinc pre­ on four mountains can protect the parations for the third World War whole of the valley and the aircraft and are trying to rope in as many having their base there can exercise- countries as possible in their respective full control over any part of Asia. blocs, Kashmir J)as extraordinary One $houid bear in mind that over importance. Last two months have Kashmir our struggle is not only witnessed the inclusion of a new word— against Pakistan, but against those MEDO—^in the encyclopaedia of the people also who believe that Pakistan world. Medo or Middle East Defence is an easy prey for inclusion in this, Organization is being formed and or the other bloc. But India, on the ground is being prepared especially other hand is a hard nut to crack. for the inclusion of EgjTpt and Iran in it. Those concessions which a year ago were not regarded even as worth So much. Sir, for the international lookitig at, are being readily brfered background. There is another back­ to them. The problem of Sudan and ground to it and that is the Indo- Suez on account of which, a short Pakistan background. In view of cer­ time ago, the blood of Egyptians was tain things which have happened now shed and British troops occupied the and in view of certain past com­ Suez Canal Zone, as a conquering mitments and not on the grounds, army would occupy a newly-conquer­ of reality, the claims of India and ed country, is being solved in the Pakistan over Kashmir are consider­ twinkling of an eye and all the de­ ed equal. We, Kashmiris, do not con­ mands of Gen. Naguib are being con­ cede this. We regard only India’s ceded. Dr. Mossadeq is also being claim as right and deny the claim of humoured with no less vigour. But Pakistan and are not prepared to ac­ it is for roping in Pakistan in MEDO cept it. But we have to face the fact that the greatest efforts are being that for the final solution of the Kash^ made. Can this fact be hidden from mir problem, our voice can be your view that “Pakistan olus Kash­ conveyed to the international sphere mir** or “Pakistan minus K-^shmir” through you only and we cannot raise has ths sftme value in MEDO. If our voice separately. In any case^ Kashmir is not in Pakistan, will its Kashmir is a State over whirh both inclusion in MEDO be as necessary Pakistan and India have a claim and and valuable as when it is? It !s a it is a fact that it was on account of fundamental question and it pro­ somebody’s laxity, negligence, lack of vides the international background to comprehension and if I may be per­ the Kashmir problem. I would re­ mitted to say so. on acconnt of lack of quest every Member of the House to wisdom, that the accession of Jammu keep this thing in view while consider­ and Kashmir State to India did not ing this problem. take place at the proper time and Pakisttjn was given the opportunity to launch a savage attack on Kash<^ One should also not lose sight of mir when it failed to win popular the fact that the people, who have a vote to grab it. That is why the ac­ large say in voting on and deciding cession tDok* place and was Implement­ 413 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 414

ed In very critical and helpless circum­ and Kashmir and by nobody else. stances. Afterwards the Indian Army Along with this, under this Article, gave a fight to the invaders, but this Jammu and Kashmir has not only been fight was only half-completed, The le- given the right to form its own Consti­ siilt is that nearly one-third of the tuent Assembly, but it has also been State as regards area and a little less conceded that the Constitution to be than one-fourth of the State as re­ enforced in Jammu and Kashmir shall gards population is still under the oc­ only be framed by the Constituent As­ cupation of the invaders and is cut sembly of Jammu and Kashmir. off from the rest of the State and from us. In spite of our claim that This is the second basis of the re­ Kashmir belongs to India and is part lationship between the Centre and the and parcel of India, a part of it is State. held by the aggressor and this is be­ The third basis is the arrangement, ing tolerated. We do not know when called by some as an agreement also, will this blot on^hia part of India which was made five or six months which is there on account of the oc­ back in July 1952. This arrangement cupation of the aggressor, be remov­ was made between Jammu and Kash­ ed. It should also be borne in mind mir and the Centre and it was debat­ that for the last four years, Mnce ed upon and approved by this bon. cease-fire, the Government on this House. Afterwards this arrangement side and the Government on the other was placed before the Constituent As­ side have entered into dozens of sembly of JanuTiu and Kashmir, which agreements and have made dozens of approved it word for word. announcements, that fighting would not be resumed and that the will 6f Sir, these are the relationships bet­ the people would be ascertained be­ ween Jammu and Kashmir State and fore coming to a decision. This fact India. The Government, Constituent must be kept in view. Assembly and all other institutions of Jammu and Kashmir are working on There is a third background to this this basis. problem and that is the “Indo-Kashmir background”. I feel pained to say so» Keeping in view the background of because Kashmir is a part of India. Jammu and Kashmir in the interna­ These words should be used with res­ tional sphere, in the Indo-Pakistan pect to two different countries, but sphere and in the Indo-Kashmir sphere, to convey my meaning and to des­ one may ask how the support for this cribe the thing,an unlettered person agitation, about which so much hue and like me cannot find apter words. cry is being raised and which has been Therefore I would request you to let extolled to the skies yesterday and me use this phrase. What is the Indo- today by two very experienced and Kashmir background? It is the consti­ learned Members of this House, can fit tutional relationship between Kashmir in with these relationships, because and the Centre and till the fate of the both the hon. Members have said State is finally decided this relation­ that the demand of the people who ship is based on three things. Ihe are carrying on the agitation should first thing is the Instrument of Ac- be adjusted somehow and that they (.•ession of 26th October, 1047 acrord- should be placated. But until you ing to which the three subjects of know what their demand is, you can­ Defence. Foreign Affairs and Com­ not reply. I will tell you what their munications were entrusted to the demand is. The literature published Centre and In which the clause was and the announcements and speeches added that the final ratification of the made by them are before you. The accession shall be obtained from the Parishad people h.iva not even touch­ people there when the conditions re­ ed upon the things mentioned in the turn to normal. lengthy statements which have been or are being made here. I adnnt that The sccvnd relationship which sub- the demand put forth by them Is not •Ists between Jammu and Kashmir their own demand and it is not the and the Centre is based on Article same which they used to put forth 370 of the Constitution of India. previously. Their new demand took Under this Article the Constituent shape when, six months ago. our Assembly* of India decided after friend Dr. Shyama Prasad Mookerjee prolonged deliberations that except­ got a resolution passed by the Work­ ing the three subjects which, ing Committee of the Jan Sangh which through the Instrument of Ac­ in effect said: ‘'The Indian Constitu­ cession were entrusted to the Centre, tion, in its entirety and word for word, the Indian Constitution would not should be enforced in Jammu and apply to Jammu and Kashmir. All K^ishmir, otherwise Jammu and other measures excluding these three, Ladakh should be given the right to shall be enforced by the decision of choose whatever path they Hke for the Constituent Assembly of Jammu themselves.” I am glad to learn 415 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 416

IMaulana iMasuodi] ’ today thai{ Dr. Moolcerjee has given up Kashmir should also be vivisect^* this demand. He has stated tha^ he like India, they would be forsaking has withdrawn it. He Qf course, all those principles for v^hich they come back to the right pat^ but du^ have been fighting all their lives. Df,* to a wrong step taken, a step which Mookerjee is not prepared to l^t Jamf/^u he himself considers wrong, a mis­ be separated from Kashmir,/althgugh chief has been done, as a result of six months ago, he wa^ prepared for which my Parishad friends who fol­ it. , It is clear, therefore, that so far low his lead have been extremely Sheikh Abdullah and Jawiaharlal are misled. Setting aside all other things ^ concerned, it i3 not 9 question of they have put forth but one demands prestige for them. On the contrary, that either the whole Constitution- it might be the otl^er way round and should be enforced in Ihe State dr the question of prestige might be in Jammu should be cut off and separat­ Dr. Mokerjee’s way, because while he ed from Kashmir. All their slogans' openly says and admits that the like *'One Constitution, one President Parishad movement is misguided and and one Flag” etc., ajid demands for that the events in Jammu are likely this kind of rule or that, are based to harm,India and benefit the enemy^ On the one demand that either the and ^ause a set-back in Indo-Pakistan whole Constitution should be enforced relations and in ^he international there or Jammu should be separated sphere, he is,pot prepared to with­ from Kashmir. Today. Dr. Mooker- draw the agitation, which he can do Jee states that he has washed his by just throwing a hint. It can be hands of it. Of course, he has done^ judged in whose way the question of 60 because he wag standing on .the prestige is a hindrance. He has shore, but he should also try to bring repeatedly stated that there should those people back whom he entrusted not be any consideration of prestige to the waves after seating them in m national affairs.. He should realize a boat, so that they should also be in that such considerations weigh not a position to consider the matter dis­ with Jawaharlal and Sheikh Abdullah, passionate^ and make some amends but with Jan Sangh and the Maha- for the mistakes so far committed by sabha. Just as he has taken courage them and for the injury they have to say that the activities of Praja caused by their ill-advised agitation to Parishad are injurious to nations^l in­ their own interests and the interests * terests. similarly he should declare of the country. He stated during the that its agitation is ill-advised and it last Session and also in this Session should be given up. If there are any that he had no hand in that agitation. other things which do not involve any But he also said that he was prepar­ .compromise with principles nobot^ ed to support them. This is a strange can. refuse to negotiate on them. We proposition. On the one hand, he are bound by the decision of our says that he is prepared to gb all-out Constituent Assembly and Parliament,^ In their support, but on the bther he by Article 370 and the Instrument of says that he has no hand in it. I Accession. In these circumstances, can would submit to Dr. Mook^rjee that he he suggest to those, whom he and this Is responsible for all this but he can hon. House have entrusted with the retrieve the situation he has spoiled. Government of India and Kashmir to come to a settlement with those people in Jammu who demand that [M r. Deputy-Speaker in the Chair] Article 370 of the Indian Constitution should be rescinded, probably just be­ In his speeches here and outside he cause they have been misled at his has repeatedly accused Pandit Nehru instance. We respect and honour and Sheikh Abdullah of letting the those people and sympathize with question of prestige' come 1h their way. them in difficulties, but could he I am an admirer of Di*. Mo6kerjee*s suggest as to what extent a eminence and expei*ience. but I can­ compromise could be made with not understand his remark that the principle. Amongst other things, prestige stands in the way of Sheikh he made the objection as to Abdullah and Pandit Nehru. The why those things were not applied fact is that it ig not a question of which had already been agreed upon prestiges but' of principle. If, at the between the Centire and the State. instance of an agitator they enforce' So far as I know, he may not think the whole of the Constitution and set it advisable to put these things be­ aside the decisions made by this fore the platform and th^'* gallery and Parliament they would ii6t be dis­ confess a fact. It Is a fact/however. ‘ charging their responsibilities honest­ All the develonments that took place ' ly. If they accept the second demand after July, 1952 are before him in of his associates that Jammu and detail and nothing is hidden from him. 417 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 418

He stressedly said that nobody In­ Kashmir into Kashmir, and not the vited or heard the Praia Parishad. other way round. May I ask Doctor Sahib if it is not a fact that Yuvraj Karan Singh Ji, with the consent of Pt. Jawaharlal and Now, that some parts are with Mus- Maulana Azad and with the advice of hm majority and 'some with Hindu- Sheikh Abdullah, invited the Presi­ majority? Does he know the basis of dent of the Praia Parishad and some it? Doctor Sahib should know the en­ of his friends when the State and the tire pi*ovince had Muslim majoritj^ Central Government had decided to and there were the same types of depose the Maharaja and appoint him pockets in every direction, which were (Yuvaraj) the Sadar-i-Riyaiat. He inhabited by Muslims and Hindus placed the matters before them and alike. But a force had its way had also a discussion. He consulted through, and about that our hon. thenx in several other thingis, and in Chatterlee said yesterday that it spite of all these facilities he (Doctor would be a “big joke” to name the S. P. Mookerjee) says that the Praja Pfaja Parishadites as communalists. Pari^shad was never consulted. X He emphasized the word “big’* and would like to bring home to him that said that naming the Praia *Pari- either the facts and incidents are con­ shadites as communalists was a big cealed from him, or the things go joke. May be, it may be so; I do not against him, and, subsequently, he want to pick up a quarrel with him never wants to express them to us. but this can only be possible if the con­ Whatever is suitable to hin^, is a fact notation given to the words 'Nationa­ for him, and whatever* j goes against list’ and *Communalist* for the last 100 that be does not want to uncjer- years, is now changed. Anyway, ac­ stand, nor would like to see nor know. cording to Mr. Chatterlee this ‘Natiqaelist Party’ erazed, murdered and killed 5 lakhs of Musalmans—nay, I agree with Doctor Mookerjee that but for this fact, I would like to say Jammu and Kashmir are one and human beings who inhabited Jammu should remain one. And so long as District, Kathua District, Udhampur these two are together, we see in Tehsil, Ram Nagar Tehsil and Reasi them a strong part of India. These Tehsil, and after putting an end to two, if kept separate, would be very them, these people created such a dangerous and if kepi together would harras^ment that the remaining Musal- discharge their duty happily; but mans fled towards Pakistan, and in could I ask him as to who divided it this way a Hindu pocket was formed. into parts. This happened in 1947. This is a fact and you also know that R.S.S. was res­ He has been told that by the forma­ ponsible for creating these troubles. tion of a certain district a Muslim But did he express this bitter fact to pocket would be formed and by the his comp^knibns also. Pr^m Nath— formation of ' some other Tehsil or know him personally and do hold him Thana a Hindu pocket would crop up. in esteem, and about whom he had Su:, I would respectfully submit that praises, true or untrue that I need not all these are mere tales and stories, tell you—was the organizer of R.S.S. based on unreality. The fact is that at that time. And, he should know consequent upon a portion of our land what an organizer means. Mr. Chat- being occupied by the enemy and the terjee and I jdo agree that it must Cease-Fire Line being drawn, the posi­ have been a hell for those Ave lakhs tion changed and it so happened that of Muslims to leave their native places the Tehsil which was one. unit pre­ and go into the enemy-held areas. He viously was divided into two: a por­ agrees to all these things, and even tion of it was occupied by the enemy after agreement he gets annoyed with ^ d the other one was occupied by us. us for the Ifact that we do not call In this way some villages of a Tehsil that party a nationalist party. What fell to our lot while the other villages should we do? Well, we say then that Of the .same Tehsil were taken by the We are sorry for our own understand­ enemy. What could we do in such a ing; and Wt us stop the quarrel there. state of affairs? We would certainly But the fact remains a fact You may . not make a Tehsil or a district with place a wrong thing before others and one village. So, this very thing hap­ say. that Sheikh Abdullah is a bad pened from Jammu to Gilgit, and we man, he calls Prem Nath a communa- had to make some changes for the list, and says that he is the man who new set-up. We had to merge some got two and half lakhs of people villages mto Baramuila and Srinagar, harrassed and evicted from ntheir and. likewise, had to make a district native places and got some thoi^sands by merging Poonch and Rajouri Into ahiongst them mu^ered, gqt their Jammu I Province. Yes, we foUowed mothers and sisters molested jand did one thin^^.no doubt: the part of Jammu all the ravages that could „bc done; ^as mexg[^ into Jammu and that of got houses burnt, lives flnished and all 419 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 420

[Maulana Masuodi] such allied things. Properties were have to go either by mule, or on foot looted and lives were killed, and still for about 16 days. Another thing; out he says that such things do not matter. of the 35,000 Buddhists on this side He says all these thii)p;s and suggests we have about five thousand Muslims to me that I shpuld not call him a and about three thousand Christians. communalist. All right. I would not call him a communalist. as I do not They make very big announcements want to take up a quarrel for a mere^ and publish brilliant hejadlines about word. There have been great person­ this place and say that Lada’uh should alities with high and sublime thoughts be a separate province—indepenatnt, even amongst communalists; but I cim self-determined and what not. I would not even prepared to call him a com­ add it for his information that when munalist whose history has nothing the Praja Parishad agitation started. to show bi;t murder, fratricide, injus­ Mr. Kushak Bakola ihe accredited tices and cruelties. Why should I use Leader of the people of L:idnUh made “Communalist*' for such people when a wide announcement that wc were the word can be better and superbly not.at all entitled to d^manl the se­ used for very good people. paration of Ladakh. His statement ran as follows: Only some months back I read a speech delivered by him in some Jan Ladakh is a Part of Kashmir so Sangh meeting. Mahasabha and Mus­ long as the latter remains a part of lim League were so proud of the word India.” T^atever bo the position. “Communalist”. They were proud to Ladakh is not a non-Muslim province. call themselves ‘Communalists', but Similar is the case with Jammu. The how is ii that the word has lost its fact is that till parti*lo'i the popula­ place in their usage now. These, how­ tion of Muslims there v/as laklis ever, were the reasons to have given out of a total population oI eighteen birth to Hindu and Muslim pockets in to nineteen lakhs. Dotfs it ns.w mean Jammu. that their rights vould get changed for the mere incidence that they were Sir, Dr. Mookerlee asiid that theis pushed off towards Sialkol during the were some other problems other than days of disturbances. This is an area the application of Constitution. I sub­ for the recovery of which both of us mitted to him that those were tw»j dif­ stand agreed, most of us, in fact. No ferent questions and two dilTerent de­ matter, others may not utter this mands. viz., the first one was of the truth, but Mr. Mookerjee and Masuodi Constitution and the o^-her one was of if both will raise the voice that no rest the division. These are . fundamental be taken until the area is recovered. matters and this House alone, neither There are 8 lakh; of Mu.saluians in Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru liOr Sheikh Ab­ that area and we have \o uet H^em dullah, can make any changes in the back; and what happens then to the first one; and then nobody would like idea that Jammu is a Hindu province. to approve of the second one. as we Is it not a quag mire for these poor had very bitter consequences when we Parishadites? previously agreed to have division. I do not want to dilate apcn the conse­ Things are misrepresented and a lot quences that would follow tht. Division of injustice is being done to these poor of Jammu and Kashmir nor do 1 creatures in the name o; this commu­ want to ignore the apparont fact that nal agitation. It is bnid that so mucn the slogans of division are deceitful loss was incurred in this agitation: so Ladakh, too, is enumerated in this many lives were lost, so many people very category as if crores of people were killed and so on. 1 do believe Dr. were living there. Sir, I may bring it Mookerjee as a colleague of mine and to your notice that LaddKh was a he, too, should believe my j^ jds. mere district in pre-p^id days and the Both of us are the members of this total number of inh^bil*^nls in its House. (Sir, I believe him through you three Tehsils was abju', two lakhs. and he, too, should believe me through They were scattered on hundred of you.) Sir, I stand to convince you miles, and. unluckily, ane and a quar­ here in the House that we are equal­ ter lakhs of those people towards Gil- ly shocked if It is one mur-ler or. glt side are now under the aggressors. may be, so many murders, but the Out of the remaining 80 thjusand. ab­ number of the murdered is on^ out 45 thousands are Muslims occupy­ eleven, not more. You ajso ing one portion and the remrtining SS that the information received from thousand are Buddhists occupying an­ the agitators is not based ot any other portion. The dljtrfnco between authority, while he said that ^ these two portions ca/i covered in doubted even the Government re­ 16 days, and a man wish'.oi* to tra^'el ports; but let me say that G o v e r ^ ^ from one portion to the other shall reports, whatever they be, are based -421 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 422

on some authority. Certainly the and Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad^ sind Government can be questioned for the the news about which were flashed truth or untruth in their reports, but boldly by Pakistan Press. The Dawn how will you ascertain truth from the wrote the leading article entitled reports received. I will tell you what ‘Sheikh Abdullah tlie Doomed*. That is happening at ptescnt. Only a week was the title of the editorial, and not ago the Pratap published a news with O f a news item. Dr. Sahib complain­ its headline running over four columns ed that we insulted them many a in which it said: “ ‘My sword will re­ time. I would like to tell him that ^ main out of its sheath until it cuts the is entitled to make a complaint if any number of Dogra heads equal to those abuses or harsh words are used for Muslim heads cut by Hindus in 1047 him. He is an elderly man and we ...... ' says Sheikh Abdullah.” It also would, therefore, request him to tell said: **Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad us which words meant praises and Says: 1 will skin off those people just which meant abuses; but I would like in the same way as Maharaja Gulab to ask him if all those demonstrations Singh did in his days.'" Sir, I would held and speeches made in connection like to know if Dr. Mookerjee read with his election in Delhi were pro­ these news. per and decent.

An Hon. Member: Which news- Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: You also de­ paper? livered speeches. Maulana Musuodl: Did the slogans Maulana Masuodi: Daily Pratap— in thpse processions say something in the representative mouth organ of Jan- our praise? Yes, I had forgotton to Sangh. The numl^er is dated Sunday: congratulate you and now I do so for 8th February. The complaints are the seat you have won, but I would made to us that Dr. Mookerjee said like to tell you, Doctor Sahib, that there was no civil liberty. Sir, it there the seat was achieved on the ashes were no civil liberty, could Pandit of the Praja Parishad. Prem Nath and his companions make the speeches the repetitions of which make our heads hang in shame. What Mr. Deputy-Speaker: Tell me. else do they mean by civil liberty? Mattlana Masuodi: Sir, through you They take out processions, hold meet­ I would like to tell Dr. Mookerjee that ings and declare openly that they he should be grateful to us for the •would suck the blood of Sheikh Abdul­ seat won by Jan Sangh. That was lah. What else do you call civil won on the ashes of our Praja Pari­ liberty? You say why the entry into shad brethren who dropped down the State of such papers is banned? dead. Demonstration was held, VDoes civil liberty mean that news­ slogans were raised and some votes papers should publish white lies? were pocketed for which he was so You may be able to put up with such proud to say that those were the newspapers, but Sheikh Abdullah is weapons. a poor man living in a small cottage and he cannot put up with this havoc Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: Weapons are ’ in the name of civil liberty. in your hands, Maulana Masuodi: If this is the And so he is compelled to close his way, the democracy, or the pro­ doors to these. He himself, said, and gramme with which you are to lead rightly said, that Dogra face is a India; the Indian people will have to warriors* race, a martial race, a brave judge you and your ways. These race. Right! But if somebody from da^s very much stress is laid on the t h is side wants to excite those Dogras pomt that the agitation in Jammu is -against Sheikh Abdullah, should he being nourished by the circumstances not close his doors to him then. What of the public there as those arg the a wonder! A poor man, unable t j f»ce troubles that have got to be faced by the brunt of civil liberty is viot even permitted to close the doors from out­ traders and businessmen of that place. side for sitting comfortably inside. Some Hon. Member: He has already He said that they had a love for Sheikh Abdullah, Kashmir and every­ taken one hour. thing belonging to Kashmir. But, Sir, could I ask Doctor Sahib if that very Mr. Depnty-Speafcer: He is taking feeling of love was manifested by him the Congress time. while taking out a Jan Sangh proces­ sion from Connaught Place, New Delhi Manlana Masuodi: I am about to to Kashmir Emporium, some or finish. Sir, through you I want to six days ago, in which abuses were express to the House and to Dr. Sahib ■ showered on Sheikh Mohd. Abdullah that the biggest trade and business 428 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 424

[M^ulana Masuodi] Sir, 1 wantkto submit a word more* route connecting Jammu and Kashmir There are many issues, yet the impor­ to world outside before partition was tant one of those ^s the main one re­ via Baramulla-Rawalpindi. Second one garding the acc^s&ion. Many people was tAd Sinkiang-Ladakh t6 Srinagar. say that all these slogans will not trou­ Third route was via Abbotabad-Muzaf- ble the people of Jammu if they are larabad to Kashmir, fourth route was convinced that Jammu and Kashmir via. .Thelum to Mirpur and POonch. State will accede to India, ^nd 1 am There Was another route carrying us sure they will be 'convinced. Sir, you to Rajouri via Bhimber near Gujrat. can convince a man either on the basis Yet there was another route from Sial- of past history or by the present affairs; kot to Jammu. These routes covered Regarding the future, no sage or seer the in-comitig and out-going goods, cttid can tell you what is to come. What out of these only about 25 per cent, makes them fear today in regard to goods came in or went out via Jammu. this accession? Accession is the funda­ The other routes gave an outlet to mental question. Which department is, goods manufactured in Kashmir. The surrendered to the Centre and v/hich present situation created during the one is retained by the State is imma­ post-rald period closed all the routes terial. Accession is nothing but a excepting that of Janimu. To tell you name given to the determination of the truth, all the routes were closed, the people, the decision of a nationa­ and that we constructed a new route, lity. And, have a look at the back­ i.e., via Pathankot to Jammu and to ground of the n^ional decision. Re­ other parts of the State. Jammu is view the twenty-year old p«^litics of the only narrow inlet through which Jammu and Kashmir. You will find all the goods from India come into that the political background has al­ Kashmir and are distributed; and this ways been Congressite and not of the very passage enables us to send goods League. From the very start Jammu from Kashmir to India. Be it Ladakh, and Kashmir State never approved of Rajouri, Poonch or some other part of the approach of League, and public as. the State, the sole passage is via well as the National Conference al­ Jammu. Even if you take it for gran­ ways opposed the demand of the ted for a little whil6 that all tJie goods League. I may confess that this very coming into Kashmir from outside background united us with India have run short, I would like to ask when the enemy was at our doors and you why Jammu cries so much, no when all the avenues were open to us: matter other parts make a cry to thi^ It was, therefore, we did not join effect. Jammu is the only place which hands with I^akistan. Thousands of. is benefited most these days. No tribesmen knocked at our doors and other part feels jealous of it from this compelled us to join Pakistan. What viewpoint. But even after so much kept us aloof? All through these five- benefit if the cries are raised for some years, whenever any meeting or con­ political ends, you should be prepar­ ference was held, our nation repeated ed to face facts. The position is that the decision: We are Indians and want Jammu is the most vital point; be it ^ to be with India. Not so much only. Rawalpindi, Jhelum, Sialkot or any You can peruse the annual proceed­ other place, i.e., the only route via ings of Jammu and Kashmir National Jammu remains with us now. How do Conference as also their demands in you think Jammu has an o*?casion to their conventions. All the big motions- make any complaint in this respect? and resolutions passed by the n.'^tion as a whole are open to you. Yes, something more. What was there in Mr. Deputy-Speaker: Presumably, the election manifesto of Jammu and the hon. Member has got much to say, Kashmir Assembly which his follow­ but he has taken up sufficient time al­ ers and our Praja Parishadite breth­ ready. ren were not prepared to aQprove? It was nothing but accession to India. I Maulana Masuodi: In spite of all challenge the Praja Parishad and this a Committee has been appointed other people who doubt our inten­ to consider first the affairs of Jammu tions. Do not they know thot our elec­ and their troubles. Businessmen are tion mopifesto asked only those peo­ often handicapped by the control. ple to exercise their power to vote There are several branches of this con­ who supported our move in acccding trol. It covers all the things from the to India; though, unfortunately no -rent of a house or a shop to any smal­ other party but Praja Parishad oppos­ lest thing. This Committee will consi­ ed t^e National Conference on that der all those things and give its own occasion. That may vhave been a mis­ idecision. Sir, there are the conditions fortune, yet that was the opportunity which through you I have been fble to when our nation gave it-s decision. put forth before the House in a And 5I0 W it is said;that if Constituent Bhoii sp?ri of time. As.^mf)ly passed a resolution that 425 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 42ft;

Kashmir acceded to Tndia that would Maulaiu Masuodi: Sir, I am mucb> convince them. I would like to tell thankful to you for giving me so much, Doctor Sahib if that ^vouid be their time. In the end, I would like to ap­ last condition, and if it is so, let them peal to the House ‘ that the principle rest assured that that resolution also be not ignored and the background, was passed* of Kashmir question be studied in the aspects, guch as international alfalrs, Ind6 -Pakistan affairs and the Indo- Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: That is not the Kashmir affairs themselves. This should; point. Your word should fnrm pprt of not happen so» that on one side the the Constitution. Then that is all Parliament hands over sometl^ing by right. way of a weapon into the hands of Sheikh Abdullah and Praja Parishad takes it back on the other. Such m. Maulana Masuodi: Certainly, Doctor procedure will not be respectable for Sahib. Only on the 17th of November India, Indian Parliament or the coun­ last the Constituent Assembly passed try as a whole. a Statute, which ran thus: “The head of this State, i,e„ Sadar-i-Riyasat will Sir, with these words I support the be the person who qualiftes as a can­ motion of thanks for the Presidential didate, is elected by the Legislative Address. Assembly, and is approved by the Rashtrapati of India; and he shall have Shrimatl Rena CStakravartty^ to remain for live years on this post (Basirhat): We have had speeches of subject to the approval of the Presi­ endurance tests in length and I hope* dent.*’ Does it not mean that Kash­ that this House will bear with me at mir has acceded to India? Is it not the this late hour. It is unfortunate that decision of the Constituent Assembly at a time when in our country hun­ of Kashmir? This is a Statute; and dreds and thousands of people are ^orms the very first section of the suffering for want of food, I could not book. I once again say that this has only speak on the food situation dur­ been passed as a Statute by the Con­ ing the debate on the Presidential Ad­ stituent Assembly of Jammu and dress, because many points have been^ Kashmir, which says that the Sadar-i- raised in the course of this debate Riyasat will occupy the post on the ap­ which it is necessary for me to ans­ proval of the President of India. What wer. I will not waste any time in ans­ more is left to doubt, Doctor Sahib? wering the hon. nominated Member who spoke before me, because I feel that it will be difficult for him tO' follow what I will say. Since the time Sir, Trust and distrust are the two the national movement was on he things reigning supreme in tliis world. was nowhere near us. He was far and. There are no two ooinions: trust begets far away with the British and it is trust and distrust begets distrust. Do their voice that he has reiterated here trust Sheikh Abdullah and Kashmiris. today. However, I will confine my This is the nistory of the accession, as remarks to the statements...... (inters I have placed before you. Even if you ruptions), think that this does not need any at­ tention, do trust and watch. ^ Mr. Deputy-Speaki^r: Order, order.

. Dr. S. F. Mookcrjee: Do trust even Shri Velasrudhan: Is it over, Sir?' after sticks^and bullets are showered on people in Jammu. Mr. Deputy-Speaker: No. Shrimatl Renu Chakravartty: Now^ Maulaxia Masuodi: Yes, Sir, stick that the House is in a sobre mood, I rules everywhere. But I never heard think I can continue. I will relegate you cry when it was used in Rtijas- my remarks to the Indian Plan which than. I never heard you cry so much the hon. lady Member who is on the as you. did in case of Kashmir when­ U.N.O. on behalf of India spoke on, ever such things happened. There is over here. A few years ago we read \*«omething black at the bottom, it ap- fi statement or a report saying that |)ears. she had said in America that it was the country of her adoption. But I did not think her adoption had gone so Mr. TOputy-Speiikcr: Order, order. far that she was also talking in the Let there be no cross talks. (Interrup­ language of the adopted country’s big­ tion): There are so many other occa­ wigs. She tafk^ of “iron curtam sions when these can be gone into In Countries" and “satellites of Russia*’. greater detail. Already the hon. Mem- It was certainly not the voice of ne­ has t^en nearly 55 minutes utrality. Anyway, coming tu 'the ques-

''oi ' .1- '■? 7 ’ i' *' •427 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 428

[Shrimati Renu Chakravarttj j tion of the argument which she put Consequently, he said there was no forward about the Indian Plan, the logic or sense in preventing Chiang entire plea about its sincerity was that from raiding the main land. To incul­ ^‘it was a bona fide attempt to bring the pate India further he explained he two conflicting points of view toge­ was therefore issuing instructions to ther/’ I should like to ask, did we the Seventh Fleet to withdraw. That during the course of our national mo­ is what the Indian Plan has led to. It vement over try and bring Abysinia ^ has given a direct handle to Eisen­ arid Italy together, did we bring Franco, hower’s policy of setting the whole Spain and Republican Spain together, world aflame with war. did we bring right and wrong toge­ Now, not only did we not stand by ther, those who are fighting for liber­ all the traditions of our national mo­ ty and those who are aggressors to­ vement, but I would also present to gether? It is on that basis that I will this House how it was that the Indian criticise what she has said. She has Plan was made acceptable to America— :said that we stuck to principles while that was a point on which Mrs. others abandoned them. Let us see Pandit was very silent. There how we stuck to the principles which were certain amendments which -we ourselves enunciated during the were proposed firstly by Eden and national movement. What were those then they were further amended and principles? Those principles were that only then they were acceptable to we stood solidly by all those who America. We are told that they were fight for freedom and for their inde- very minor amendments. We do not pendencfe. We stood by the demand to accept that point. These amendments settle conflicts vvherever they break were of a very basic character. The out. We demanded that all outstand­ Indian Plan had proposed that the ing disputes were to be settled by final issue of the Prisoners of War peaceful means; we demanded that was dependent upon the Political imperialism should quit Asia. If that Conference. But amendments were "was so, has our foreign policy made by Eden and Acheson whereby stuck to those principles? Let us the U.S. dominated United Nations, judge it from those standards, not which is a party to the conflict, was to from any other standard. If the Soviet be the final arbiter of the P.O.W. issue. Union and China had insisted on hav­ Naturally it cannot be and could ing the Prisoner of War issue settled not be accepted by Soviet Union or first one could have understood some by China. That point was completely hesitancy on our part. The Soviet left out of the speech of Mrs. Pandit Union and China have categorically and therefore she naturally gave a stated 'let there be a status quo of the distorted picture. I do not say anyth­ Prisoner of War issue, come on, stop ing further upon this point. The only war.' The Prisoner of War issue is to pomt to be emphasised is whether be relegated for future discussion. the Indian Plan has properly carried Does that go against our national out the principles which we enunciat­ tradition? Does a hearty support of ed at the time of the national move­ that stand irrespective of all that has ment, whether it has actually put gone before, enhance our prestige or first thing first, whether it has actual­ lower it? Does it stop human suffer­ ly helped the ways of peace or whe­ ing or does it increase it? Is it the ther it has actually helped towards way of peace or is it the way of war? the further intensification and spread­ It is this very simple question that I ing of war. put before this House. Mrs. Pandit,—I am sorry she is not here,—was very 7 P.M. confident that India’s prestige was About the Jammu and Kashmir very high. Let us see what that pres­ question, I would like to say just a tige is, and what it has led to. To our few words. There are certainly many eternal shame, when Gen. Eisenhower genuine grievances of the people such was addressing the American Con­ as the unemployment problem, the gress he justified his support to Chl- problem of the Dogra Rajputs who amg by citing the Indian Resolution. were part of the Roja’s Army and 'This ^s what he said: who are today unemployed, and also the problem of the agrarian land re­ form which is not being implemented “They (Chinese communists) in the right manner but is being im­ have recently joined with Soviet plemented in a bureaucratic manner. Russia in rejecting the armistice These genuine grievances are being proposals sponsored in the United utilised by reactionaries for reaction­ Nations by the Government of ary ends. The Praja Parishad agita­ India. This proposal has been ac­ tion is camouflaged reaction. On th^ cepted by the United States and issue, the stand of my Party has been *53 other nations.** made clear, and I reiterate it. The A29 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 430

.aim of that vnovement is the return of would demand the withdrawal of the the Maharaja, whatever may have Kashmir issue from the UJJ.O. Let us been said to the contrary in this take the question and try to settle it House this morning. It is the abandon­ between India and Pakistan settling ment of the land reforms. Dr. Mooker- this with all the other outstanding jee was prepared to accept the land problems. Let there be no third party, reform. He was prepared to accept utilising our differences—both exter­ that the Maharaja would not be bro­ nal and internal—for their own ends. ught back again. If that be so, why does he not fight for a change in the Then, I come to the question of relevant clauses and Articles of the food. The President has said that there Indian Constitution? I have never is a steady improvement in the food heard him say anything on this point. situation. I w i^ there were so. This It is quite clear that what he stands is a dangerous under-statement, esp^ for is not certainly what he spoke this cially at a time when hundreds of morning. This movement for complete thousands of people are unable to get integration, as they call it, is therefore their food. A very peculiar and new a camouflage movement. It is a coun­ situation—I would not say new—but ter-revolutionary movement. But at a very serious situation has arisen, in the same time, we feel that the way to which we find that although there is -deal with it is not by bullets or by a reserve of food, hundreds and thou­ repression. The way to break the sands of people are unable to buy it. back of that movement is to pursue This food reserve has been built upon the land reforms more energetically the hunger of the people and upon the and give those people who are de­ loss of the purchasing power of the manding food and employment a people. This point has not been men­ chance to earn their living, which tioned at all in the President's Speech. they so badly need. If you use bullets, How do we prove this factor of loss of it will only mean playing into the purchasing power? You go to the ra­ hands of the reactionaries. It is neces­ tion shops and see. The offtake has sary that we should bring those who decreased. People want food, but they are now under preventive detention to are unable jto buy it. We have seen open trial. Let there be an open trial that the demand for cheap grains has and let the people concerned be told increased. for what acts they are now undergo­ Today in various parts of the coun­ ing punishment. Let the democratic try people cannot buy rice or wheat forces which do not want the game of at the price at which it is sold. They the reactionaries to succeed be given are, therefore, demanding millets or a chance.'The Government must see milo because they are cheaper in price that the grievances of the people are not because they like it but because removed; that the landlords are cur­ they have not got the purchasing po­ bed; and that the Maharaja is not al­ wer. lowed to incite the Dogras. So, what is required is the rallying of the peo­ When we see the land transfers that ple and the isolation of the reaction­ are taking place, we see the growing ary communal leaders. impoverishment and pauperisation of the peasantry. In my constituency in Then, I would just like to say a few Sunderbans in 1950 in Hasnabad sub­ 'Words about the serious international registry office there were land sales situation. The imperialists are trying amounting to 4,900; in 1951 there to divide Kashmir and make it a base were 8,000 and from April to Septem­ for their war operations. The Praja ber 1952, in six months, there were Parish ad people are playing into the 6,000 sales already. If we calculate on hands of these imperialists. They say the basis of two bighas for each land that they want to save Jammu and transfer, a minimum total of 28,000 Kashmir from Pakistan. Actually, bighas have been transferred in the liowever, they are giving Jammu and last three years. I can quote more in­ Kashmir to Pakistan. Pakistan is to­ stances. But there is no time for it. day being made the base of the MEDO operations. The imperialists are try­ In the background of this loss of ing to win her over and utilise her in purchasing power of the people we favour of the Anglo-Americans. I have to look to the question of the would just like to say a word about a high prices. We are told that prices subject about which not a word has have come down. But when we look been said. Prolonged talks have been at the prices, we have to realise that going on in the United Nations, and it is not the fair prices that we have this has given a handle to the reac­ to take- into consideration, but the tionaries. These prolonged talks, the black market prices. It is said prices uncertainties attendant upon them have fallen; everything is O.K. and and the tension that follows—all these we are going along tlie path of para­ have given a handle to the reactiona- dise. At a time when people have lost ties. Therefore, we from our Party their purchasing power, when unem- 4S1 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 432

[Shrimati Renu Chakravartty] ployment has increased, when we find the levy is actually made, more and that except at a very ffew places the more is being taken from the small priqe of rice and wheat have not fal­ l^olders of land. Jn one particular len beyond the fair price, then we re­ place ^ in Bailari of Rameshwarpur alise that WQ are in a very serious Union those who had small holdings rftuation. On the top of all that we of 30j bigha 5 were levied 33 maunds. find that fair price shops are being One of the biggest landlords who had closed down on the plea that the off­ 1,100 bighas iwas asked only for 100 take is less. We are told that prices maunds. I can give the House so naany outside are less than in the fair price examples. shops. Sir, it may be so in one or twb places. But these are seasonal chan­ ges. We also know that certain profi­ This method of taking a]l the sur­ teers conspire to lower the prices be­ plus rice, which according to the logic low that of the fair price; then when of Mr. Kidwai is .to play in the nar- the fair price shops are closed, prices ket and to keep the price down, is not again shoot up. I will give you an in­ going to be so. What are poor people teresting example of one Babu Khan going to do? Today when the harvest of Hyderabad. He is a big sugar dea­ is in already, there are thousands and ler. He got about 40 lakhs as loan thousands of people who cannot find from the Industrial Finance Corpora­ fo6d; they have not the wherewithal tion—I speak subject to correction: if to buy. What will happen? Already I am wrong J shall stand corrected. prices have started shooting up. When sugar s^as being sold at Rs. 1/4/0, he started selling it at Rs. It is in these circumstances that the 1/2/0. Government sold out its stocks President says that the situation is to him and then he started selling improving. We are afraid that thi» sugar at Rs. 1/6/-. Now that is the complacency is going to lead us to way one discredits the fair price shops very great disaster and therefore we and when one comes to the conclusion are apprehensiye of it. that there is no necessity for fair price shops, and when the fair price shops With these few words I close and 1 are no more there, profiteers have thank you for the opportunity given their opportunity and prices shoot up. to me. These are some of the great difficul­ ties of the people. Shri N. P. Damodaran (Tellicherry): The president's speech is blissfully vagueabout the reorganisation of I will not go into the details of how States on linguistic basis. No as* prices shoot up. We know that on the surance has been given, and no time­ floor of the House in the Madras Le­ limit fixed for the early realisation of gislature this has been ndmittec). It such States. The Address does not has been admitted that in Madras pri­ even indicate any possible steps that ces have shot up in Tanjore, from Rs. the Government contemplate to take 11/8 to Rs. 27/-. The same has hap­ for constituting States on a linguistic pened in delta area Godavari and basis, except in regard to Andhra, al­ Kistna. The same is the case in re­ though the people in other linguistic gard to my own province of Bengal. areas also have expressed their desire I heard the hon. the Food Minister say to be' constituted into separate linguis­ that things are very bright in West tic States. Even Andhra is not going^ Bengal, because there was a bumper to be a full-fiedged linguistic State, as crop. I would like to nay here and long as large Telugu-speaking areas of now that especially in regard to the Hyderabad State are not going to be two major districts of Midnapur and included in the proposed Andhra 24-Parganas not one word has been State. Our Prime Minister is very uttered about the pests whjgh have reluctant to dislodge the Nizam of destroyed a huge part. of the bumper Hyderabad from his position a$ Raj- crop. In the course of my tour. I pramukh. Who in India wants the found that where the Government Nizam of Hyderabad to be the RaJ- calrulation of the yield was six pramukh of that State? It is only maunds per bigha, the actual yield perhaps the Nizam himself, and our was not more than three maunds. I Prime Minister who want the Nizam found in bigha after bigha where tnere of Hyderabad to remain in position Was not even one maund of rice as the Rajpramukh of that State. What Which had been produced. In this is there to prevent the Nitam of situation in Bengal the levy systern Hyderabad marching the vmy the being put into operation. This levy Yuvaraja and the Rajpramukh of nystem is supposed only to take rice Kashmir marched, except our Prime fi^om‘ those wh6 have thirty bighas of Minister’s weakness for two gentlemen, land and more. But we "ft^d that when the Nizam of Hyderabad and Sheikh Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 434

Mohammad Abdullah of Kashmir? The Maulana Saheb, the political atmos­ Prime Minister anff'our Government phere in the land is surcharged with have got one code of conduct with re­ the demand for linguistic States as is gard to Hyderabad and another code evident from the various amendm^ts of conduct with regard to Kashnoir. moved to the motion ^f thanks to the The Prime Minister has of lake been President’s Address, ft is increasingly saying, both inside this House and out­ becoming obvious that those who speak side, that the disintegration of Hydera­ against the linguistic States are held bad iij^to Its natural linguistic compo­ in high favour and esteem by the nents will upset the balance in fee Dowers that are. It has almost South. I am unable to understand come a bait for high offices both in v/hat balance in the South is goiiig to the Government and in the Congress be upset by the disintegration of hierarchy. It is equally true thit ar-* Hyderabad, except i^erhaps the balance'^ dent advocates of linguistic States, if and equilibrium of that tinwnted ltisti-^ found among Congressmen, are tution of the Rajpramukh, that Is, the systematically being dislodged. Sur­ Nizam. I feel that the greatest danger prisingly enough, Kerala which had to the equiUbrium and balar^^e in the not to its credit a single member on South is t^ie retention of the Nizam of the Congress Working Committee 90 Hyderabad as the Raj£)ramukh and the far aU through’ its struggle for free­ non-dismemberment of Hyderabad dom when towering leaders like State into its three natural and lin­ Kelappan and Abdur Rahman fought guistic components. The Gpyemment envious battles for the national free­ and the Congress have P.ut the^jriemand dom, could now have two puny mem­ for linguistic States in cqld storage. bers there, whose only brilliant claim Old promises have been rorirotten and to that seat of honour Is their chronic are occasionally remembered, cnly to opposition to the formation of linguistic be reminded of their breaches. The States, Hyderabad Congress gives us an op­ portunity, to look ioto the woiiking.of Mr. Depnty-Speaker: Is the hon. the Congress mind. Member criticising the Government policy or the Congress Party? * The official resolution on linguistic Shri N. P. Damodanui: The Con­ provinces wants us to wait til) the pro­ gress Party is in power. Tnerefore, I posed Andhra State gets stabilised. think I am right. . The conditions pre-requisite for the stabilisation of Andhra as a State are Now, much had been made out to denied to that. Only portions of the show that the fotmation of linguistic Madras State, +hat is the Telugu-speak- States is a process of balkanisation. ing area of the Madras State are go­ Nothing is more perverse. On the ing to be constituted into an Andhra contrary, the real unification of India State. The Telujfu-speakihpf nreas of- can be achieved only if linguistic Hyderabad are quite out of the picture/ States are formed. None of the States The stabilisation of Andhra can only will be affected adversely by a rational be problematic as long as the entire redistribution of the country. As a Telugu-specU^ing areas in ^ India >do not matter of fact, the Stntes in India came come within its ambit. Any calcula­ into being through the vagaries of their tion based on the workability of the period of conquest and subjection by State can only be due to the partial the British imperialists. Their perpe­ nature of its constitution. Hence, the tuation would only indicate a deter­ working of the Andhra State cannot mination to continue *he mistake. be a fair index or standard to the Now, the demand for linguistic States constitution of other linguistic States. is only a demand for the readjustment Furthermore, the right of ntber linguis­ of the existing boundaries of the Stales tic areas cannot be withheld owing ta and is not fragmentation. The elTect the formatit>n of the Andhra State. is only rational unification. Rather it should be accentuated. Otherwise, the same soirit of revolt Mr. Depvty-Speaker: The hoa. Mem­ that spread out in Andhra miy create ber is occasion.^lly referring to his restive conditions elsewhere. In this notes. context I remember the venerable Maulana Abul Kalam Azad adminis­ Shrl N. P. Damodaran: I r/i.i^ repeat * tering a threat to the advocates of that the process is not fragmentation or linguistic States at the recent Hydera­ balkanisation but effective unitlcation. bad Congress session. It reminds one If the Malayalam speaking ai*oas of of the land and language of the grand Madras State are added on to the Moghul, but in a free, aiid democratic existing State of Travancore-Cochin India. Maulana Azad*s threat nt and an Aikya Kerala carved out, it Hyderabad only strikes a discordant can only mean unification and not note. Almost as a challenge to the fragmentation. 436 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 436^

Shri Namblar: Not with a Raj- House. (An Hon, Member: Inde­ pramukh. pendent bloc.) Shri Namblar: Whius enough to the demand for linguistic States is a give me a few minutes* time, and that demand for the balkanisation of India, at the fag end of this debate. raised by the opponents of linguistic States cannot be taken scrjousJy by Mr. Deputy^peaker; The hon. anybody. United Kerala is the birth­ Member will have an opportunity right of the Malayalee and the Malaya- reply to every one of the points rais­ lees will never rest until they have ed. . achieved it. I would earnestly re­ quest the Government to do the thing Shri Velayudhan: I had certaint with grace. I hope that before the particular points to be mentioned here explosive conditions that we saw in in the course of my speech; I, shall Andhra are repeated in every plnee, now only confine myself to one or the Government will see roasop and two. That is the position. concede the reasonable demand of the people. I very carefully followed the speeches from the Communist benches as well as from the other side. Let me :lrst Mr. Depaty-Speaxer: The bon. Mem­ of all refer to the speech of the Com­ ber will have to close. I want to call munist Lady Member who spoke im* one more hon. Member. mediately before me. She was re­ ferring to certain things which, I Shrt N. P. Damodaran: T would must say, amused me and amused me like to say one word: there Is no men­ a lot. She was telling that the Con­ tion of foreign pockets in India. The gress Lady Member Mrs. Vijaya President has not mentioned anything Lakshmi Pandit who spoke the other about the existence of foreign pockets day was the adopted daughter of the in India. We have waited too long. United States. But, let me ask the' We are all aware of the hardships of illustrious Communist Lady Member the people in these foreign poi-kets. whether she is herself, knowingly or In the present international situation unknowingly, the adopted daughter of we cannot tolerate the existence of some other country, perhaps Soviet foreign pockets In India which under­ Russia or China. Let me say that I mine national safety and security. do not want the daughters of India Again, not a word of sympathy has to be adopted by any other country. 1 been expressed towards the suffering want them to be adopted by their own Indians in Ceylon. That also is a brothers and sisters here. That is my drawback in the President’s Address. point of view ^hich I wish to place: The Indian nationals in CeyJon are not before the House. allowed to have their citizenship rights. Even their ration is denied The leader of the Communist party; They are not allowed to sQnwas his speech able to give nny •State being so cruel and hard to the reality on the foreign noliry of his citizens of a friendly State. It Is al- party. It was not only unrealistic* Tnost incredible that small Ceylon but had an element of tutoring which should take hammer agaimst India. perhaps belongs to another foreign* agency. I have been following very cautiously the foreign policy being Shri Tf^ayiidhatt: I think I am the pioleted by the Prime Minister. last speaker (Some Hon. Members. Today.) on the President’s Address I have expressed in this House a» tfrom this bloc, from this sid^ of the well as in the Provisional Parliament. 437 Motion on Address 17 FEBRUARY 1953 by the President 43^*

not once but \several times, that I a confused state. In the same way, in^ upheld the forei^ policy followed U.S.A. there is not much dill’erence by the Prime Minister cent, per cent. between Democrats and Republicans I have never said anything against the in their foreign policy. Yet nobody foreign policy of the Prime Minister. can say what policy they will follow It ig a realistic policy, and 1 do not tomorrow. We do not want to sup­ think that anybody who has got the port war. We want peace. This security of India at heart can follow stand is interpreted by the critics as any other policy other than the one an idealistic approach and then for that the Prime Minister is following. lack of reality. But even from the an­ Look at the map of the world ftom gle of political diplomacy in the self the Middle East up to Hong Kong, interest of the Nation which may be and then we can see how far our said as sheer opportunism the foreign Prime Minister Is correct in following policy of our Prime Minister is the* this non-alig^ent policy. The best soundest one as it is aimed at the policy for this nation in this confused continuance of our independence, for international political situation is a building up nnd stabilising Asian poli^ which will not leave India in nations, not giving way to the the Hands of any outsider. The main foreigner^, either for the white man criterion in judging the Prime Minis­ or the Russian or to any other coun­ ter's policy should be whether the try. Why are we always advising enlightened self-interest of India is our Chinese friends: **We stand with best served by it. We might have you. We want that you should get a displeased the Russians. We are not place in the United Nations”? It Is perhaps liked by our friends the not because we want China not to Chinese. We might not be liked by join with the Communist bloc, not the U.S.A. or the English even. That because we are aftald of commiinism, does not mean that our foreign policy but because we are afraid that if is a barren one. At any rate, we are Americans once again land on the following an open, a straightforward Chinese mainland not only the Chinese policy today. Has the U.S.A. come independence but the Independence of out, in spite of the Republican regime, Asia as a whole would be endangered with a positive statement that it will again. This is the real fear of our follow a particular type of foreign Prime Minister. Any sensible think­ policy? Has the Soviet Union come ing Indian should have this fear. That out m the same way and said: **We is the reason why I say that the Prime will follow only ihis policy’*? No, We Minister’s Policy is a realistic one. follow a certain policy in our interna­ tional relations because it is right, we Another point I would like to touch have so far upheld our self-respect. upon is the question of linguistic pro­ We have been able to plough through vinces, which my hon friend raised. successfully in the fleld of international I was at no time an admirer of these Power Politics. linguistic provinces. I opposed it all along, and I wrote a thesis about it in What is the' actual position of the 1946 or 1947. countries in Asia today? They want more time for stabilisation, for build­ Shrl Ifambiar: Thesis? ing up their independence. Even our freedom is only four years old. Take Shrl Velayndlian: Yes. I have the case of our sister countries like written a thesis about the linguistic" Burma, Indonesia, Philippines and provinces The hon. Member evident­ Egypt which is in the Middle Ecjst ly does not know what a thesis Is. In area. If a war breaks out today and 1947 when the Constituent Assembly if any of these countries join any bloc, was meeting I wrote the thesis, and certainly their independence will be I submitted it to my wife. I sub­ lost for ever. This is the crux of the mitted it to the Constituent Assembly. policy of our Prime Minister. This 1 laboured over this thesis for about point will have to be realised and op- two or three months, and I felt that predated not only by this Parliament, the formation of linguistic provinces but by the Parliaments of most of the was a great danger and a great re- nations in Asia. The other day. wo nctionary move which will result in have seen in the press that the Egyp­ bringing the caste system back into tian Foreign Minister hns sent an ap­ the country in a ferocious form. If preciation of our foreign policy In the India is divided into lingui.stic States, Middle East area. In the same way, the old Hindu caste system would we have helped other countries also. rise again In a gigantic manner. It The foreign policy of'a nation cannot would also bring In communalfsm to be built up within a day. How mnny oppress the weatcer sections In the centuries has Britain been following country. What about the Andhra B foreign policy, but today she Is in State? I tiave ^

[Shri Velayudhan] •Andhra People. But whenever 1 go is nothing but one of reactionary to Madras or any other Andhra city, character. What is the historical ^the people who arc Andhras say ‘We background of Kashmir? For about had once Vijayanagaram Empire and 200 years, who were the rulers of Andhras were the n;lcrs of that big Kashmir? The minority Hindug were State, we want again to be our rulers. the rulers. But now who are the Is that a progressive move? Many rulers? Of course, the popular rulers other areas ulso are demanding there today are the Muslims. The linguistic States. Everywhere the' ruling classes are slowly disappearing. same is the cry. 1 know my hon: Therefore the whole agitation today friends from the South may not ap­ again<;t Sheikh Abdullah^ regime there preciate my views on this question. and Pandit Nehru’s regime here is an But I feel that Kerala is a geographi­ agitation in favour of that old ruling cally compact unit, well-knit and w'ell- class in favour of that deceased 'organised area. Therefore there is noth­ icIblss, in favour of that reactionary ing wrong in having a comoact ad­ class which still holds some influence ministrative unit in that area includ­ in Jammu-Kashmir area. That is ing the district of Malabar. It i^ not why they get the support from India ;a linguistic State ^t all. also from similar reactionaries. They are just reactionary Hindu com- munalists, and communalism of any brand is a dangerous thing. There is Shri Naunbiar: Then what is it? no point in merely saying com­ munalism should be eradicated. Un­ Shri Velajudliaii: It is a State. less we root out Caste Sj^tem, which So, this tendency o* linguistic States .covers the presomt structure of ^s very dangerous. Any.body who society in India. I do not think we can tolerates this tendency for linguistic root out communalism. Gandhiji provinces In the country and en­ tried to erase it, but he was not given courages the movement tor their for­ the chance to work for it even for a mation would be doing the greatest year. )tiarm to the unity of India. I am certain we would have to feel sorry thiat we have endangered the unity •of the country if the country Is I do not think there are any ele­ bifurcated on the basis of language. ments of Democracy in the Hindu so­ Let us build a united India for cur cial structure. Any Hindu in his blood future generations. I have a solution. is a casteist. That is why when the India should be divided into very Prime Minister says that we want to smaller units for administrative pur­ stand for Democracy and we do not poses. like communalism, people are interpret­ ing that he is now going into the hands I want to speak a word about com- of Muslims. Dr. Kh'are, the Hindu Maha- munalism, about which a lot has been sabha leader, the other day said that spoken here in this House. I was Maulana Azad is ruling India. I was wondeiring why this Kashmir affita- very sorry when I heard it. Who are *tion was strongly vdi6ed in the the Muslims hiere in India? I feel they Parliament. We have read about the are a potential force for democracy In agitation in the papers, and we have India. I do not want to take the Mus­ lieard some speeches outside as well. lims away from India. They are a de­ !I was wondering whether Pandit mocratic force to the suppressed mil­ Jawaharlal Nehru and Sheikh Abdullah lions, to the untouchables of India. I were going to throw away Kashmir had my association with Muslim to Pakistan. Is it because of that, friends, I had my association with that there is an agitation from this Christian friends. I had my association side, from the Jan Sangh and the with Hindu friends also, the highest Praja Parishad, on this question? A among them. Somehow or other I feel •degree of integration has taken place, that in the *book of Hindu Society •and fkirther integration will take there is no trace of democratic feel­ place again. I do not think that ing. Therefore, I always feel that the there is any Indian here In this coun- Muslims in India can make a great who is willing to give up Kashmir contribution to a Democratic social •either to Pakistan or to any . other structure in the country, lust like tba ♦country. We are all ready and eager untouchables, the exploited classes in to keep Kashmir with ourselves, and India, who will contribute the might­ -We have given a pledge to the people iest force for a democratic set-up in o f Kashmir that we will keep Kashmir the country. If anybody opposes the in our co\mtry. We are going to keep present democratic attempt of the 'the tCdshmir people with us. There- Prime Minister of India, he is doing *