Flexibility in Highway Design
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Recognizing Environmental Justice in History: Resistance And
Connecticut College Digital Commons @ Connecticut College History Honors Papers History Department 2011 Recognizing Environmental Justice in History: Resistance and Agency in the Cross Bronx Expressway and the Memphis Sanitation Workers’ Strike Sarah Berkley Connecticut College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/histhp Part of the Environmental Health and Protection Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Berkley, Sarah, "Recognizing Environmental Justice in History: Resistance and Agency in the Cross Bronx Expressway and the Memphis Sanitation Workers’ Strike" (2011). History Honors Papers. 7. http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/histhp/7 This Honors Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the History Department at Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Honors Papers by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author. Recognizing Environmental Justice in History: Resistance and Agency in the Cross Bronx Expressway and the Memphis Sanitation Workers’ Strike An Honors Thesis presented by Sarah Berkley to The Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Major Field and for completion of the certificate program of The Goodwin Niering Center for the Environment Connecticut College New London, Connecticut May 5, 2011 2 Abstract The term environmental justice did not become a part of academic discourse until the 1970s; however, the facts of environmental injustice predate the concept. Minority and low-income communities have historically born a disproportionate burden of the environmental harm associated with economic progress while reaping few of the benefits. -
Heroes Tunnel Project Route 15 Wilbur Cross Parkway State Project No
HEROES TUNNEL PROJECT ROUTE 15 WILBUR CROSS PARKWAY STATE PROJECT NO. 167-108 PURPOSE AND NEED STATEMENT (Revised 7/3/18) PROJECT CONTEXT The Heroes Tunnel is located along the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) in the Town of Woodbridge and the City of New Haven, near the Town of Hamden border. The Heroes Tunnel is a 1,200-foot long tunnel, which passes through West Rock Ridge in New Haven and Woodbridge. The existing tunnel was constructed between spring 1948 and fall 1949 and consists of two 28-foot wide by 19-foot high barrels with horseshoe cross-sections. The northbound and southbound barrels of the tunnel consist of two 11-foot wide travel lanes with 6-inch shoulders and a 2-foot 6-inch wide raised maintenance walk on each side. The centerlines of the barrels are approximately 63 feet apart. It is the only tunnel to pass beneath a natural land feature in the State of Connecticut and is eligible for listing on both the National and State Registers of Historic Places. The Heroes Tunnel Project limits encompass the 1,200-foot tunnel and extend approximately 2,000 feet from the tunnel portals, in both the northbound and southbound directions, as illustrated in Figure 1 attached. EXISTING TRANSPORTATION NETWORK The Wilbur Cross Parkway is a limited access highway, classified as an urban principal arterial – other expressway, comprising a portion of Route 15 between Milford and Meriden where commercial vehicles, trailers, towed vehicles and buses are prohibited. As a continuation of the Merritt Parkway in Fairfield County, Route 15 is an important route between the New York City metropolitan area and central Connecticut. -
Chapter 4 Low-Volume Roads Engineering
Chapter 4 Chapter Chapter 4 Low-Volume Roads Engineering Low-V Low-V Low-V Low-V Low-V olume R olume R olume R olume R olume R “You get what you Inspect, not what you Expect.” LOW VOLUME ROAD is considered a road The basic steps are: oads Engineering oads Engineering oads Engineering oads Engineering oads Engineering that has relatively low use (an Average Planning A Daily Traffic of less than 400 vehicles per day), Location low design speeds (typically less than 80 kph), and Survey corresponding geometry. Most roads in rural areas are Design low-volume roads. A well planned, located, designed, Construction constructed, and maintained low-volume road system Maintenance is essential for community development, flow of goods If any one of these steps is omitted, a road may and services between communities, and resource perform poorly, not meet its expectations, fail management activities. However roads, and particularly prematurely, require unnecessarily high maintenance, or road construction, can create more soil erosion than cause environmental impacts. Without planning and most other activities that occur in rural areas. Proper good location, a road may not adequately serve its users planning and design of the road system will minimize or may be in a problematic area. Survey and design are adverse impacts to water quality. Poorly planned road needed to fit the road to the ground and have it function systems can have high maintenance and repair costs, properly. Good construction insures that the design is contribute to excessive erosion, and fail to meet the needs implemented and built with some degree of quality of the users. -
Chapter 11.02
Chapter 11.02 DEFINITIONS1 Sections: 11.02.010 Interpretation. 11.02.015 AASHTO. 11.02.020 Acceptance. 11.02.030 All weather surface. 11.02.040 California Culvert Practice. 11.02.050 Consulting engineer. 11.02.060 Contractor. 11.02.070 County. 11.02.080 County engineer. 11.02.090 Department. 11.02.100 Director. 11.02.110 Driveway. 11.02.120 Driveway, common. 11.02.130 Final map. 11.02.140 May. 11.02.145 MUTCD. 11.02.150 Parcel map. 11.02.160 Road, Arterial. 11.02.170 Road, Collector. 11.02.180 Road, Cul-de-sac. 11.02.190 Road, Local. 11.02.200 Road, Through. 11.02.210 Road, Off-site. 11.02.220 Shall. 11.02.230 Special provisions. 11.02.240 Stabilometer “R” value. 11.02.250 State. 11.02.260 State specifications. 11.02.270 Traffic index. 11.02.280 Traveled way. 11.02.290 Turnaround bulb. 11.02.300 Turnaround, hammerhead. 11.02.310 Turnout. 11.02.320 Uniform surface. 11.02.330 Urban development. 11.02.340 Urban streets. 11.02.010 Interpretation. In this title or the state Highway Transportation Officials. (Ord. 3298 § 2, specifications, the intent and meaning of the terms 2016) that are used shall be as defined in Section I of the state specifications except as specifically noted, 11.02.020 Acceptance. “Acceptance” means the revised or added in this title. Except where formal written acceptance by the Director for work otherwise indicated, all specified or referenced which is completed on roads which are to be distances are measured along the ground. -
501 - Fire Apparatus Access Standard
VENTURA COUNTY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT FIRE PREVENTION BUREAU 165 DURLEY AVENUE CAMARILLO, CA 83010 www.vcfd.org Office: 805-388-8738 Fax: 805-388-4356 501 - FIRE APPARATUS ACCESS STANDARD The information contained in this standard is provided solely for the convenience of the reader and was being enforced by the Ventura County Fire Protection District at the time of its publication. The District reserves the right to make changes and improvements to this standard as and when required by law, or otherwise, at any time. The District’s current standards will be posted and made available for downloading by the public at the following web site: www.vcfd.org Please note that the District assumes no liability for any damages incurred directly or indirectly as a result of any errors, omissions, or discrepancies between this standard and any applicable law. It is the sole responsibility of the person or persons conducting any work pursuant to this standard to ensure their work complies with any and all applicable codes, ordinances, and regulations. Supersedes: VCFPD Standards 14.6.4, 14.6.5, 14.6.6, 14.6.7, 14.6.8, 14.6.9 and 14.6.11 CHAPTER 1 – ADMINISTRATION 1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this standard shall be to provide clarification of requirements and establish and assign an acceptable level of quality and minimum level of mandatory controls to provide and maintain required fire department access to premises in compliance with the Ventura County Fire Code. The provisions of this standard are general in nature and are not intended to over- ride the specific requirements of the Ventura County Fire Apparatus Access Code. -
Siena Footbridge
Structural Stainless Steel Case Study 05 Siena Footbridge Completed in 2006, this stainless steel cable stayed footbridge spans 60 m over a busy motorway in the suburb of Ruffolo, Siena, in central Italy. The bridge girders and pylons are fabricated from a ‘lean’ duplex grade of stainless steel and it is one of the first times this grade has been used for a footbridge. The bridge has a striking appearance, is functionally efficient and cost-effective with a low life cycle cost. Material Selection The City of Siena required an attractive pedestrian crossing to be constructed over the motorway in the suburb of Ruffolo. The structure needed to have a 120 year design life without expensive and disruptive maintenance requirements. The architect selected the ‘lean’ stainless steel duplex grade 1.4162 (S32101) for the girders and pylons of the bridge. Lean duplexes have a very low nickel content (1.5 % compared to >3 % in standard duplex stainless steels), which results in significant cost benefits compared to other austenitic and duplex grades. This grade of stainless steel also experiences less price volatility because of the low nickel content. The corrosion resistance of 1.4162, which lies between that of austenitic grades 1.4301 (S30400) and 1.4404 (S31603), is adequate for Ruffolo’s benign inland environment with relatively low pollution levels. Grade 1.4162 has high strength (450 N/mm2), good ductility (at least 30 %) and good formability and weldability. The high strength enables reductions in section sizes, relative to carbon steel sections, leading to lighter structures. This grade has tremendous potential for future structural applications. -
Daviess County Road and Street Index
2/22/2021 Daviess County Road and Street Index Route Begin End Length Road Name Number Location Location (miles) Abbie Avenue 1078 KY 2830 Dead End 0.143 Access Road to KY 456 1195 KY 456 Dead End 0.060 Acorn Ridge Court 1334 Beech Hill Drive Dead End 0.141 Affirmed Court 1010D Bold Forbes Way Cul-de-sac 0.047 Alley - 1 (Maceo) 1072L Church Lane 189' W.of High St. 0.094 Alley - 2 (Maceo) 1438 Sacra Drive Dead End 0.039 Alley - 3 (Stanley) 1355C Church Street US 60 0.136 Alley - 4 (Stanley) 1355E Church Street Griffith Station Road 0.103 Alley - 5 (Stanley) 1355D Church Street French Island Road 0.095 Alley - 6 (Brown Court) 1092Z Brown Court Stewart Court 0.137 Alma Court 1112C Waterfield Drive Cul-de-sac 0.159 Alsop Lane 1092A8 US 60 City Limits 0.442 Alvey Bridge Road 1298 KY 279 Hayden Bridge Road 1.454 Alvey Park Drive East 1105 KY 54 Alvey Park Drive W 0.328 Alvey Park Drive West 1106 KY 54 Alvey Park Drive E 0.340 Amethyst Court 1420E Diamond Drive Cul-de-sac 0.053 Antler Avenue 1120E Dead End Foors Lane 0.604 Aristides Drive 1010P Bold Forbes Way Cul-de-sac 0.132 Ashbyburg Road 1247 KY 81 KY 554 1.116 Ashland Avenue 1387B Rand Road (west) Rand Road (east) 0.327 Ashland Avenue Spur 1387B-80 Ashland Avenue End of Maintenance 0.025 At The Post Court 1507k Stirrup Loop Cul-de-sac 0.140 Aubrey Road 1072B Rockport Ferry Road Dead End 0.393 Aubrey Road Connector - 1 1072B-70 Aubry Road KY 2830 (south) 0.019 Aubrey Road Connector - 2 1072B-71 Aubry Road KY 2830 (north) 0.027 Aull Road 1031 Jack Hinton Road KY 144 2.538 Autumn Creek 1213 -
Pedestrian Footbridge, (Applicant Identification: ) Environmental Assessment
PEDESTRIAN FOOTBRIDGE, (APPLICANT IDENTIFICATION: ) ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT New York State Governor’s Office of Storm Recovery May 8, 2015 PEDESTRIAN FOOTBRIDGE – ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT & ERR PROJECT SUMMARY Responsible Entity: New York State Homes & Community Renewal – Housing Trust Fund Corporation cooperating with the Governor’s Office of Storm Recovery (GOSR) Certifying Officer: Daniel Greene, Esq., Certifying Environmental Officer, GOSR Project Name: Pedestrian Footbridge, Funding Recipient: Federal Agency: U.S. Department of Housing & Urban Development (HUD) Project #: Project Sponsor: New York State Housing Trust Fund Corporation Program Name: New York State Community Development Block Grant – Disaster Recovery (Housing Assistance Programs, 1 - 4 Unit) Project Address: , Sundown, NY 12740 Project County: Ulster County, NY Estimated Project Cost: $140,000 Project Sponsor Governor’s Office of Storm Recovery Address: 99 Washington Avenue, Suite 1224 Albany, New York 12231 Primary Contact/ Person Governor’s Office of Storm Recovery To Direct Comments: 25 Beaver Street, 5th Floor New York, New York 10004 E-Mail address: [email protected] Telephone Number: (212) 480-4644 Project NEPA 24 CFR 58.36 Classification: Finding of No Significant Impact - The project will not result ENVIRONMENTAL in a significant impact on the quality of the human FINDING: environment. Finding of Significant Impact - The project may significantly affect the quality of the human environment. The undersigned hereby certifies that New York State Housing Trust Fund Corporation has conducted an environmental review of the project identified above and prepared the attached environmental review record in compliance with all applicable provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, as amended, (42 USC sec. -
Footbridge Design for Pedestrian Induced Vibrations
FOOTBRIDGE DESIGN FOR PEDESTRIAN INDUCED VIBRATIONS SABINA PIRAS, KWAN CHIN WSP OPUS, Auckland, New Zealand INTRODUCTION With innovative engineering and inspiring design, footbridges have become functional works of art. However, the use of longer and lighter spans have made footbridges more susceptible to human-induced vibrations; causing discomfort to pedestrians and compromising the utility of the structure, even though the bridge is structurally sound and safe to cross. Design codes address this dynamic problem by providing limits for natural frequency and simplistic provisions to keep the footbridge experience pleasant. For slender, lightweight bridges, such as stress ribbon or cable-stayed bridges, this dynamic problem can be onerous and require a refined analysis to demonstrate that the comfort level can be satisfied. This paper presents a guideline to determine the dynamic bridge characteristics under pedestrian loading. In addition, factors that influence a bridge’s response to vibration and possible vibration mitigation measures are discussed herein. This paper focuses on the recommended design procedure by presenting an analytical model of a concrete footbridge subjected to a dynamic load representing the effects of a stream of pedestrians crossing the structure. In the vertical direction, the peak acceleration from the pedestrian loading is compared with published acceptance criteria. In the lateral direction, the critical number of pedestrians at which the bridge response becomes unstable is calculated. HUMAN LOCOMOTION When a pedestrian crosses a bridge, a dynamic force is produced which has components in the vertical, lateral and longitudinal directions. These dynamic forces are described as a function of time and space, periodically repeated with regular time intervals. -
Potential Options Table
POTENTIAL OPTIONS CODE WORKING GROUPS TOS TRAFFIC OPERATIONS AND SAFETY GM GOODS MOVEMENT TS TRANSIT SERVICES BP BIKE/PEDESTRIAN ENV ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES/ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT # CODE NO. DESCRIPTION (**) 1 TOS-1 Encourage employers to offer flexible schedules so traffic is not always congested at the same times. 2 TOS-2 Improve signage along Cross Bronx Expressway. 3 TOS-3 Establish breakdown lane and shoulders on major roadways. 4 TOS-4 Examine local and mainline bridges to facilitate traffic flow. 5 TOS-5 Eliminate TDM measures to divert traffic to alternate routes-this hurts local communities. 6 TOS-6 Create an exit on Cross Bronx Expressway near the Sheridan Expressway (near Boston Road) in the area of the former industrial park (174 – 176th Streets) which will become a 136,00 square ft. retail center. 7 TOS-7 Improve road conditions in the Bronx. 8 TOS-8 The intersection of Devoe Avenue and 177th Street should be examined so that its congestion problem can be improved. 9 TOS-9 Improve operational/geometric conditions along parallel major arterials in Major Deegan Expressway corridor (e.g., University Avenue and Grand Concourse). 10 TOS-10 Construct service roads/c-d roads on Major Deegan Expressway. Options are continuous, partial and directional (nb/sb) service/c-d roads. 11 TOS-11 Improve mainline horizontal geometry on Major Deegan Expressway, south of 145th Street. 12 TOS-12 Examine option to divert Cross Bronx Expressway-Henry Hudson Parkway traffic to Washington Bridge as alternative route to the Alexander Hamilton Bridge. Option to increase outer lane usage and to reduce congestion on inner lanes on Trans- Manhattan Expressway. -
Fuel Station Listing
STATE OF CONNECTICUT-DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (DOT) & OTHER STATE AGENCY (OSA) - FUEL STATION LISTING ALPHABETICAL ORDER BY TOWN Updated 7/08/2021 Station # Column = DOT designates a Transportation operated facility - OSA designates an Other State Agency operated facility (fueling restrictions are as noted) DOT ROUTINE STATION HOURS ARE FROM 8:00 A.M. TO 3:30 P.M. - UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED OSA ROUTINE STATION HOURS ARE Noted WITH EACH FACILITY BELOW (where available) TYPE OF FUEL Locked Accessible STA. NO. TOWN TEL. No. STATION LOCATION AVAILABLE COUNTY Gate Generator Facilities 3 Chidsey Road Unleaded DOT 546 AVON 860-677-0953 Hartford Yes Yes Yes Route 10, South of Route 44, Right on Chidsey Road Diesel 1 Breault Road, Off Route 42 Unleaded DOT 514 BEACON FALLS 203-881-0529 New Haven Yes Yes No Route 8 S/B, Exit 24, Right on South Main for 2 miles, Left on Breault Road Diesel 362 Boston Turnpike - Route 6 Unleaded DOT 550 BOLTON 860-649-1708 I-384 to Route 6, 3/10 mile east of Route 85, 1000' west of Williams Road Tolland Yes Yes Yes Diesel STATION HOURS: 24 HOURS - DOT ACCESS ONLY Unleaded DOT 206 BRANFORD 203-488-8450 69 Leetes Island Road - I-95 - Exit 56 New Haven Yes Yes Yes North Bound at top of Ramp, right onto Leetes Island Road Diesel 1106 North Avenue (Correctional Facility) OSA 551 BRIDGEPORT 203-579-6742 Unleaded Fairfield Yes Yes Non-DOT CORRECTIONS USE ONLY Unleaded DOT 512 BROOKFIELD 203-740-3622 ***Station Under Construction*** Fairfield Yes Yes No Diesel 158 Westminster Road, Route 14 Unleaded DOT 557 CANTERBURY 860-546-7110 -
Recognizing Environmental Justice in History: Resistance and Agency In
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@Connecticut College Connecticut College Digital Commons @ Connecticut College History Honors Papers History Department 1-1-2011 Recognizing Environmental Justice in History: Resistance and Agency in the Cross Bronx Expressway and the Memphis Sanitation Workers’ Strike Sarah Berkley Connecticut College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/histhp Recommended Citation Berkley, Sarah, "Recognizing Environmental Justice in History: Resistance and Agency in the Cross Bronx Expressway and the Memphis Sanitation Workers’ Strike" (2011). History Honors Papers. Paper 7. http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/histhp/7 This Honors Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the History Department at Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Honors Papers by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author. Recognizing Environmental Justice in History: Resistance and Agency in the Cross Bronx Expressway and the Memphis Sanitation Workers’ Strike An Honors Thesis presented by Sarah Berkley to The Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Major Field and for completion of the certificate program of The Goodwin Niering Center for the Environment Connecticut College New London, Connecticut May 5, 2011 2 Abstract The term environmental justice did not become a part of academic discourse until the 1970s; however, the facts of environmental injustice predate the concept. Minority and low-income communities have historically born a disproportionate burden of the environmental harm associated with economic progress while reaping few of the benefits.