STP1052-EB/Jan. 1990

Subject Index

A gaseous inorganic, 114, 133,158 gaseous organic, 26, 38, 55 Acid Precipitation Act, 105 halogenated, 54 Acidic gases, 105, 114, 133 semivolatile, 56, 89 Acidic gas testing, 106 stability studies, 58 Adsorption, 31, 49 volatile, 35, 60, 64 Aldehydes/ketones, 9 Concentrations Air atmospheric, 25, 38, 114, 134 indoor, 38,197 detection limits, 93 pollutants, 5, 41, 75 effluent, 154 quality, 25, 63 gas mixtures, 112, 207 sampling, 26, 76 gravimetric, 72 velocity, 88, 203 organic (toxic), 63, 84 Airborne toxics, 187 parts-per-billion (ppb), 47, 59, 82 Air exchange rates, 198 peak exposure, 84 Ambient air measurement (see also Sam- temperature-dependent, 93 piers), 76, 113, 133 toxic, 4, 41,201 Analytical methods, 78, 187, 201 Cost analysis, 7 Aromatic hydrocarbons, 81 Atmospheric aerosol sampling, 190 D concentrations, 94, 114, 134 sampling, 93, 135,175 Databases, 4, 75 Audits, 59, 64 systems, 108, 129, 139 Automated sampling system (gas), 101,200 Diode laser adsorption spectrometry, 135

B E Bottled gas mixtures, 76 Electric Power Research Institute, 204 Building contamination, 86 Electrostatic precipitation, 176 Emergency response, 75 C Emission factors, 5, 26, 86 Environmental controls, 4, 26 Calibration Environmental Protection Agency curve, 76, 112, 199 field monitoring, 81, 105, 187 permeation tube system, 106 methods, 101 procedure, 166 regulations, 31, 37, 46 standard, 41, 58 Exposure assessment, 15, 198 system, 108, 127, 145 Extractable organic matter, 188 Carbon-14 analysis, 189 Chemical ionization, 76 F Chlorinated hydrocarbons, 76 Chloroform, 68 Federal Immissions Control Law, 158 Clean Air Act, 38 Fick's law, 199 Colorimetric detection, 159 Field monitoring, 75, 154, 189 Compounds (toxic) gas anaIysis, 153, 166 exposure level, 26, 88 Fly ash emissions, 176

223 Copyright9 1990by ASTM International www.astm.org 224 MONITORINGMETHODS FOR TOXICS IN THE ATMOSPHERE

G programs/plans, 4, 25 sites, 7, 29 Gas audit, 47 Motor vehicle emissions, 192 Gas chromatography, 41, 65, 93, 140 Mutagenic activity (aerosols), 188 Gases carbon dioxide, 96, 127 carbon monoxide, 9 N nitrogen, 45, 66, 96 National Bureau of Standards nitrogen dioxide, 133, 197 calibration standards, 106, 189 mixtures, 63,106 regulations, 32, 37, 56 oxygen, 120 National Institute for Occupational Safety ozone, 114, 133 and Health (regulations), 63 sulfur dioxide, 114, 133 National Institute of Standards and Tech- Gas Research Institute, 197 nology, 175 Gas sampling, 93, 97 Neutron activation analysis, 175 Nondestructive testing, 175 H Hazardous waste (see also Waste incinera- O tion) Oxidized hydrocarbons, 134 audit, 46, 53 Ozone destruction trap, 145 burn test, 38, 59 dump site, 89 incineration, 37, 53, 64, 173 P Health factors , 8 effects, 7, 25 Pesticides, 26, 30 exposure, 63, 198 Photochemical smog, 142 hazards, 187 Plume tracking, 75 risks, 4, 38, 64 Pollution control equipment, 153 Hydrogen chloride emissions, 153 R Radiochemical separation, 176 Industrial Receptor modeling, 189 chemicals, 63, 75 Residential wood burning, 187 liquid emissions, 75 processes, 85 S stack emissions, 38, 153, 158 Infrared adsorption, 161 Saltzmann's reagent, 199 Isomeric compounds, 75 Samplers adsorbent tube, 31 L ambient air, 46 atmospheric gas analyzer, 75 Laboratory results, 8, 140 bag, 31, 38, 93 Liquid chromatography, 9 canister, 47, 93,200 carbon monoxide analyzer, 110 M continuous emission monitors, 153,158 dilution probe, 154 Mass spectrometry, 9, 47, 75 dust filter, 142 Mechanical separator, 176 effluent analyzer, 154 Meteorological analysis, 84 electron capture detector, 54, 65 Microanalysis, 193 filter badge, 199 Mobile analytical instruments, 77 flame ionization detector, 65 Mobile monitoring, 85, 187 flame photometric detector, 106, 116 Monitoring (see also Sampling) gas cylinders, 54, 64, 93 institutional, 3 gas chromatograph, 41, 47, 75, 118 methods, 7, 198 manifold, 60, 117 SUBJECT INDEX 225

infrared analyzer, 154, 158 Superfund hazardous substances list, 44 mass spectrometer, 9, 47 Suspended particulates, 177 nitrogen dioxide analyzer/detector, 133, 200 permeation tube, 106 T polyurethane, 9, 126 Toxics pulsed fluorescence detector, 106 air, 4, 25, 47 quartz filter, 189 concentrations, 4, 40, 47 real-time monitor, 84, 198 emissions, 7, 75 scrubbers, 107,133, 174 organic compounds, 28, 43, 46 sorbent tube purge unit, 81 particulates, 28 spiked cartridges, 59 sources, 4, 26 valves, 111 threshold levels, 26 water condenser, 107 Train derailment, 87 Samples gaseous, 49 pollutant, 47, 86 U soil, 88 Urban aerosols, 180 Sampling analyses, 18 colorimetric analysis, 159, 203 V cryogenic focusing, 96, 114 dynamic dilution, 105 Vapor recovery, 30 gamma spectrometry, 175 Volatile compounds gas filter correlation technique, 161 organic, 4, 35, 46 gravimetry, 66, 201 sulfur, 107, 118 hydrochloric acid monitoring, 160 Volatiles, 4, 35, 46 monitoring sites, 26, 47 neutron activation analysis, 176 W precision and bias, 37, 46 thermal desorption, 89 Waste incineration Standards gas, 37, 53, 64 audit, 46, 54 municipal, 153, 163,176 concentrations (ppb), 38, 47 solid, 153 calibration, 41 Waste recovery, 51 gases, 38, 63 Wood smoke sampling, 188