Springfield-Ritchot

2018 Provincial Electoral Divisions

Profile from the 2016 Census of Canada, April 2019

Provincial Electoral Division of Springfield-Ritchot *

Population Age Groups** 100% Data Total population 21,985 0-14 years 4,725 21.5% 0-4 years 1,560 7.1% 5-9 years 1,645 7.5% 10-14 years 1,520 6.9% 15-64 years 14,680 66.8% 15-19 years 1,400 6.4% 20-24 years 1,305 5.9% 25-29 years 1,295 5.9% 30-34 years 1,490 6.8% 35-39 years 1,575 7.2% 40-44 years 1,550 7.1% 45-49 years 1,455 6.6% 50-54 years 1,670 7.6% 55-59 years 1,580 7.2% 60-64 years 1,350 6.1% 65 years and over 2,580 11.7% 65-69 years 1,000 4.5% 70-74 years 715 3.3% 75-79 years 400 1.8% 80-84 years 260 1.2% 85 years and over 200 0.9%

18 years and over 16,410 74.6%

Median age of the population 37.4

Males 11,095 0-14 years 2,425 11.0% 15-64 years 7,360 33.5% 65 years and over 1,310 6.0%

18 years and over 8,260 37.6%

Median age of males 37.4

Females 10,890 0-14 years 2,305 10.5% 15-64 years 7,320 33.3% 65 years and over 1,270 5.8%

18 years and over 8,150 37.1%

Median age of females 37.3

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Legal Marital Status** 100% Data Total population 15 years and over by Marital Status(1) 17,255 Single (never legally married) 3,705 21.5% Legally Married (and not separated) 10,610 61.5% Separated (but not divorced) 315 1.8% Divorced 570 3.3% Widowed 565 3.3% Common-law 1,500 8.7%

Household Type** 100% Data Total Private households by household type 7,765 One-census-family households 6,345 81.7% Multiple-census-family households 105 1.4% Non-census family household 1,315 16.9% One-person households 1,205 15.5% Two-or-more person non-census family households 115 1.5%

Population by Household Type** 100% Data Number of persons in private households 21,845 Total number of non-family persons in private households 1,775 Males not in census families 935 52.7% Females not in census families 835 47.0% Average household size 2.8

Family Structure** 100% Data Total number of census families in private households (2) 6,560 Total couple families by family structure 6,010 91.6% Married couples 5,260 80.2% Common-law couples(1) 750 11.4% Couples without children 2,665 40.6% Couples with children 3,340 50.9% 1 child 1,130 17.2% 2 children 1,465 22.3% 3 or more children 745 11.4% Total lone-parent families 555 8.5% 1 child 310 4.7% 2 children 170 2.6% 3 or more children 70 1.1%

Lone parent female headed 405 6.2% Lone parent male headed 150 2.3%

Average family size 3.1

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Home Language(3)** 100% Data Total language spoken most often at home 21,860 Single responses 21,455 98.1% English 20,035 91.7% French 890 4.1% Non-official languages 525 2.4% Aboriginal languages 0 0.0% Cree, n.o.s. 0 0.0% Non-Aboriginal languages 525 2.4% Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 10 0.0% German 275 1.3% Punjabi (Panjabi) 15 0.1% Mandarin 5 0.0% Cantonese 0 0.0% Spanish 25 0.1% Multiple responses 405 1.9%

Knowledge of Official Languages(4)** 100% Data English only 18,005 82.4% French only 65 0.3% English and French 3,720 17.0% Neither English nor French 70 0.3%

Aboriginal Identity Population(5)*** 25% Sample Total Population 21,825 Non-Aboriginal Population 19,315 88.5% Total Aboriginal Population 2,505 11.5% Single Aboriginal responses(6) 2,485 11.4% First Nations (North American Indian) 395 1.8% Métis 2,070 9.5% Inuit 25 0.1% Multiple Aboriginal responses(7) 20 0.1% Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere(8) 0 0.0%

Registered or Treaty Indian status*** 25% Sample Total population by Registered or Treaty Indian status 21,820 Registered or Treaty Indian 330 1.5% Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 21,495 98.5%

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Citizenship(39)*** 25% Sample Total population in private households by citizenship 21,820 Canadian citizens(9) 21,270 97.5% Canadian citizens under age 18 5,540 25.4% Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 15,730 72.1% Not Canadian citizens 550 2.5%

Immigrant Population by Period of Immigration (39)*** 25% Sample Total Population by Immigrant Status 21,820 Non-immigrant population(10) 20,185 92.5% Immigrant population(11) 1,585 7.3% Period of Immigration: Before 1981 710 3.3% 1981 to 1990 150 0.7% 1991 to 2000 175 0.8% 2001 to 2010 375 1.7% 2001 to 2005 170 0.8% 2006 to 2010 205 0.9% 2011 to 2016 175 0.8% Non-permanent residents(12) 50 0.2%

Place of Birth(39)*** 25% Sample Total immigrant population by selected places of birth 1,585 Americas 480 30.3% Europe 740 46.7% Africa 95 6.0% Asia and the Middle East 260 16.4% Oceania and other places of birth(13) 0 0.0%

Visible Minorities(14)*** 25% Sample Total Population by Visible Minority 21,820 Not a visible minority 20,885 95.7% Visible minority population 935 4.3% South Asian 145 0.7% Chinese 105 0.5% Black 210 1.0% Filipino 280 1.3% Latin American 40 0.2% Arab 35 0.2% Southeast Asian 40 0.2% West Asian 15 0.1% Korean 0 0.0% Japanese 15 0.1% Visible minority, n.i.e. 20 0.1% Multiple visible minorities 25 0.1%

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Ethnic Origin(15)(16)*** 25% Sample Total Population in Private Households by Ethnic Origins 21,820 North American Aboriginal origins 2,780 12.7% First Nations (North American Indian) 670 3.1% Métis 2,160 9.9% Other North American origins (e.g., Canadian, American, Acadian) 5,895 27.0% Canadian 5,765 26.4% European origins 18,650 85.5% British Isles origins 8,680 39.8% English 5,190 23.8% Irish 3,000 13.7% Scottish 4,305 19.7% French origins 4,825 22.1% French 4,830 22.1% Western European origins (except French origins) 8,070 37.0% German 6,055 27.7% Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 1,505 6.9% Eastern European origins 7,215 33.1% Polish 4,780 21.9% Ukrainian 2,305 10.6% Southern European origins 1,000 4.6% Other European origins 110 0.5% Caribbean origins 155 0.7% Latin, Central and South American origins 315 1.4% African origins 195 0.9% Central and West African origins 0 0.0% North African origins 50 0.2% Southern and East African origins 85 0.4% Other African origins 65 0.3% Asian origins 775 3.6% West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 130 0.6% South Asian origins 195 0.9% East and Southeast Asian origins 420 1.9% Filipino 270 1.2% Other Asian origins 30 0.1% Oceania origins 55 0.3%

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Mobility Status*** 25% Sample Total Population by Mobility status 1 year ago(17) 21,555 Non-movers 19,185 89.0% Movers 2,370 11.0% Non-migrants 670 3.1% Migrants 1,705 7.9% Internal migrants 1,620 7.5% Intraprovincial migrants 1,425 6.6% Interprovincial migrants 195 0.9% External migrants 80 0.4%

Total Population by Mobility status 5 years ago(18) 20,105 Non-movers 12,650 62.9% Movers 7,455 37.1% Non-migrants 2,255 11.2% Migrants 5,200 25.9% Internal migrants 4,975 24.7% Intraprovincial migrants 4,385 21.8% Interprovincial migrants 590 2.9% External migrants 220 1.1%

Dwelling Type** 100% Data Total occupied private dwellings 7,765 Single-detached house 6,620 85.3% Semi-detached house 270 3.5% Row house 185 2.4% Apartment or flat in a duplex 50 0.6% Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys 0 0.0% Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys 550 7.1% Other single-attached house 5 0.1% Movable dwelling(19) 85 1.1%

Dwelling Tenure and Characteristics*** 25% Sample Total private households by tenure 7,750 Owner 7,050 91.0% Renter 700 9.0% Band housing 0 0.0%

Median value of dwellings ($) $349,406 Average number of rooms per dwelling 7.2

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Dwellings by Need of Repair*** 25% Sample Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition 7,745 Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 7,400 95.5% Major repairs needed 350 4.5%

Dwellings by Period of Construction*** 25% Sample Total number of occupied private dwellings by period of construction 7,745 1960 or before 595 7.7% 1961 to 1980 2,055 26.5% 1981 to 1990 995 12.8% 1991 to 2000 1,010 13.0% 2001 to 2005 505 6.5% 2006 to 2010 1,010 13.0% 2011 to 2016 1,585 20.5%

Dwelling Costs by Tenure*** 25% Sample Total non-farm, non-reserve occupied private dwellings with income 7,595

Number of tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings 695 9.2% Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)(20) $1,050 % of tenant households in subsidized housing 9.4% % of tenant households spending 30% or more of total income on shelter costs 35.0%

Number of owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings 6,925 91.2% Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) (21) $1,306 % of owner households with a mortgage 69.1% % of owner households spending 30% or more of total income on shelter costs 10.4%

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Highest Level of Schooling(22)*** 25% Sample Total population 15 year and over 17,080 No certificate, diploma or degree 2,745 16.1% Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate (23) 5,185 30.4% Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 9,160 53.6% Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 1,820 10.7% Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification(24) 730 4.3% Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification(25) 1,090 6.4% College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 3,665 21.5% University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 580 3.4% University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 3,090 18.1% Bachelor's degree 2,330 13.6% University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 250 1.5% Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 65 0.4% Master's degree 415 2.4% Earned doctorate 35 0.2%

Postsecondary Qualifications, Field of Study (26)*** 25% Sample Total population 15 years and over 17,080 No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 7,925 46.4% Education 825 4.8% Visual and performing arts & communications technologies 185 1.1% Humanities 295 1.7% Social and behavioural sciences and law 725 4.2% Business, management and public administration 1,815 10.6% Physical and life sciences and technologies 225 1.3% Mathematics, computer and information sciences 240 1.4% Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 2,305 13.5% Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 440 2.6% Health and related fields 1,545 9.0% Personal, protective and transportation services 550 3.2% Other fields of study 0 0.0%

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Labour Force Status(27)*** 25% Sample Total population 15 years and over 17,085 In the labour force 12,455 Employed 11,900 Unemployed 555 Not in the labour force 4,625 Participation rate 72.9% Employment rate 69.7% Unemployment rate 4.5%

Males - 15 years and over 8,605 50.4% In the labour force 6,610 Employed 6,265 Unemployed 345 Not in the labour force 1,995 Participation rate 76.8% Employment rate 72.8% Unemployment rate 5.2%

Females - 15 years and over 8,480 49.6% In the labour force 5,845 Employed 5,635 Unemployed 210 Not in the labour force 2,635 Participation rate 68.9% Employment rate 66.5% Unemployment rate 3.6%

Labour Force by Sex and Class of Worker*** 25% Sample Total population in the labour force 15 years and over 12,450 Males - All classes of workers 6,610 53.1% Employee 5,500 44.2% Self-employed(28) 1,560 12.5% Class of worker - not applicable(29) 35 0.3%

Females - All classes of workers 5,845 46.9% Employee 5,305 42.6% Self-employed(28) 485 3.9% Class of worker - not applicable(29) 50 0.4%

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Labour Force by Major Occupation Groups (NOC 2016) (30)*** 25% Sample Total labour force 15 years and over 12,450

Males 6,605 53.1% Occupation - not applicable 35 0.3% All occupations 6,570 52.8% Management occupations 1,205 9.7% Business, finance and administration occupations 495 4.0% Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 460 3.7% Health occupations 180 1.4% Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 565 4.5% Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 60 0.5% Sales and service occupations 870 7.0% Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 2,230 17.9% Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 255 2.0% Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 240 1.9%

Females 5,845 46.9% Occupation - not applicable 50 0.4% All occupations 5,795 46.5% Management occupations 620 5.0% Business, finance and administration occupations 1,560 12.5% Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 165 1.3% Health occupations 705 5.7% Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 1,160 9.3% Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 155 1.2% Sales and service occupations 1,215 9.8% Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 85 0.7% Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 100 0.8% Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 35 0.3%

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Labour Force by Industry (NAICS 2012)(31)*** 25% Sample Total labour force 15 years and over 12,455 Industry - not applicable 85 0.7% All industry categories 12,370 99.3% Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 515 4.1% Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 65 0.5% Utilities 190 1.5% Construction 1,615 13.0% Manufacturing 940 7.5% Wholesale trade 450 3.6% Retail trade 1,020 8.2% Transportation and warehousing 680 5.5% Information and cultural industries 195 1.6% Finance and insurance 630 5.1% Real estate and rental and leasing 160 1.3% Professional, scientific and technical services 560 4.5% Management of companies and enterprises 15 0.1% Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 340 2.7% Educational services 1,075 8.6% Health care and social assistance 1,505 12.1% Arts, entertainment and recreation 255 2.0% Accommodation and food services 485 3.9% Other services (except public administration) 500 4.0% Public administration 1,190 9.6%

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Labour Force by Sex and Place of Work*** 25% Sample Total employed labour force 15 years and over 11,900

Males in employed labour force 6,265 52.6% No fixed workplace address 1,320 11.1% Worked at home 490 4.1% Worked at usual place 4,440 37.3% Worked outside Canada 15 0.1%

Females in employed labour force 5,635 47.4% No fixed workplace address 420 3.5% Worked at home 515 4.3% Worked at usual place 4,690 39.4% Worked outside Canada 10 0.1%

Employed Labour Force by Mode of Transportation (32)*** 25% Sample Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force in private households 10,870 Car, truck, van - as a driver 9,870 90.8% Car, truck, van - as a passenger 520 4.8% Public transit 90 0.8% Walked 215 2.0% Bicycle 70 0.6% Other method 105 1.0%

Employment Income (2015) by Sex and Work Activity(33)***^ 25% Sample Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over who worked full year, full time in 2015 7,455 Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($) $62,196

Males 4,435 59.5% Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($) $68,785

Females 3,015 40.4% Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($) $52,511

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Total Income (2015) by Sex(34)*** 25% Sample Total population 15 years and over with income 16,375

Males 15 years and over with income 8,270 50.5% Under $10,000 (including loss) 665 4.1% $10,000 to $19,999 680 4.2% $20,000 to $29,999 745 4.5% $30,000 to $39,999 745 4.5% $40,000 to $49,999 885 5.4% $50,000 to $59,999 725 4.4% $60,000 to $69,999 800 4.9% $70,000 to $79,999 750 4.6% $80,000 to $89,999 610 3.7% $90,000 to $99,999 405 2.5% $100,000 and over 1,270 7.8% $100,000 to $149,999 895 5.5% $150,000 and over 375 2.3% Median total income ($) $55,920

Females 15 years and over with income 8,105 49.5% Under $10,000 (including loss) 1,005 6.1% $10,000 to $19,999 1,310 8.0% $20,000 to $29,999 1,120 6.8% $30,000 to $39,999 1,045 6.4% $40,000 to $49,999 1,000 6.1% $50,000 to $59,999 730 4.5% $60,000 to $69,999 495 3.0% $70,000 to $79,999 460 2.8% $80,000 to $89,999 305 1.9% $90,000 to $99,999 165 1.0% $100,000 and over 465 2.8% $100,000 to $149,999 360 2.2% $150,000 and over 105 0.6% Median total income ($) $35,948

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Household Income (2015)(35)***^ 25% Sample Total private households 7,750 Under $5,000 (including loss) 55 0.7% $5,000 to $9,999 35 0.5% $10,000 to $19,999 40 0.5% $15,000 to $19,999 130 1.7% $20,000 to $24,999 120 1.5% $25,000 to $29,999 155 2.0% $30,000 to $34,999 175 2.3% $35,000 to $39,999 155 2.0% $40,000 to $44,999 210 2.7% $45,000 to $49,999 240 3.1% $50,000 to $59,999 515 6.6% $60,000 to $69,999 490 6.3% $70,000 to $79,999 510 6.6% $80,000 to $89,999 550 7.1% $90,000 to $99,999 515 6.6% $100,000 and over 3,840 49.5% $100,000 to $124,999 1,155 14.9% $125,000 to $149,999 895 11.5% $150,000 to $199,999 1,080 13.9% $200,000 and over 710 9.2% Median household income ($) $99,337

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Economic Family Income (2015)(36)***^ 25% Sample Total number of economic families 6,485 Median family income ($) $110,389

Couple-Only economic families 2,510 38.7% Median family income ($) $89,739 Couple-with-children economic families 3,375 52.0% Median family income ($) $132,402 Lone-parent economic families 480 7.4% Median family income ($) $66,023

Prevalence of Low Income in 2015 on after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT) (37)***^ 25% Sample Total population 21,825 Aged 0 to 17 years 5,585 25.6% Aged 0 to 5 years 2,045 9.4% Aged 18 to 64 years 13,775 63.1% 65 years and over 2,465 11.3%

Males in Low Income 10,965 50.2% Females in Low Income 10,860 49.8%

Total low-income population to whom low-income concepts are applicable (38) 1,340 Aged 0 to 17 years 465 34.7% Aged 0 to 5 years 175 13.1% Aged 18 to 64 years 705 52.6% Aged 65 years and over 170 12.7%

Males in Low Income 605 45.1% Females in Low Income 735 54.9%

Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%) (38) 6.1% Aged 0 to 17 years 8.4% Aged 0 to 5 years 8.8% Aged 18 to 64 years 5.1% Aged 65 years and over 6.9%

Males in Low Income 5.5% Females in Low Income 6.8%

Manitoba Bureau of Statistics Finance Research Division Page 15 of 17 Provincial Electoral Division of Springfield-Ritchot

Endnotes: The global non-response rate (GNR) for the Springfield-Ritchot 100% data is 2.4% and 4.8% for the 25% data. The GNR combines both complete non- response (household) and partial non-reponse (question) into a single rate. The GNR is an indication of data quality, where a smaller GNR suggests greater accuracy and a lower risk of non-response bias. When the GNR is 50% or above, the data are supressed. A higher GNR indicates the need for user caution.

Data in this report have been specially tabulated from the Statistic Canada 2016 Census of Canada, by allocation of the Statistics Canada block face reference points to Provincial Electoral Divisions (PEDs).

^ Income stascs presented in this report are based on 25% sample data from 2016 Census. Stascs Canada has also released income data using a 100% sample, as such, Manitoba income statistics in this report may not match data presented elsewhere. Income statistics from the 25% sample are used because the PEDs have been created using block face reference points. * Totals may not add to 100% due to random rounding. ** 100% Data *** 25% Sample Data .. Data not available (1) All persons under the age of 15 years are considered 'never married' and not living common-law. (2) Census family is defined as a married couple and the children, if any, of either and/or both spouses; a couple living common law and the children, if any, of either and/or both partners; or a lone parent of any marital status with at least one child living in the same dwelling and that child or those children. All members of a parcular census family live in the same dwelling. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. Children may be children by birth, marriage, common-law union or adopon regardless of their age or marital status as long as they live in the dwelling and do not have their own married spouse, common-law partner or child living in the dwelling. Grandchildren living with their grandparent(s) but with no parents present also constute a census family. (3) Language spoken most oen at home at the me of the Census. More than one language can be reported if the languages are spoken equally oen. Caution is advised when using for historical comparability purposes. (4) Refers to whether a person can conduct a conversation in the language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages the child is learning. (5) Includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person (First Nations/North American Indian, Métis or Inuk/Inuit) and/or having Registered or Treaty Indian status, and/or membership in a First Naon or Indian band. Esmates associated with this variable are most affected by the incomplete enumeraon of Indian reserves or selements. (6) Includes persons who indicated only one Aboriginal group (i.e. First Nations, Metis or Inuit). (7) Includes persons who indicated any two or all three of First Nations, Metis or Inuit. (8) Includes persons who are not First Nations, Metis or Inuit, but who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band. (9) Includes Canadian citizens by birth and naturalization. (10) Persons who are Canadian citizens by birth. (11) Persons who are, or have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalizaon are included in this category. This category includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016. (12) Includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members living in Canada with them. (13) Includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere (i.e. born at sea). (14) Refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act , and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. Under the Act , visible minories are "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non- white in colour." (15) Refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors (usually more distant than a grandparent). (16) The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one ethnic origin. (17) Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Non-migrants are persons who moved but remained in the same city, town, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different jurisdicon (such as a city or town) but remained within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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(18) Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. (19) Includes mobile homes and other dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars. (20) All expenses paid by household renters including monthly rent, electricity, heat, water and other municipal services where applicable. (21) All expenses paid by household owners including mortgage, electricity, heat, water, taxes, condominium fees, and other municipal services where applicable. (22) Highest level of educaon a person has successfully completed and measures the broader concept of 'Educaonal Aainment'. A person who has completed one type of certification will not necessarily have completed the certification below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with a trades cerficate may not have completed a high school cerficaon. (23) Includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. Excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree. (24) Includes trades certificates/diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, instutes of technology, vocaonal centres and the like. (25) Includes Journeyperson's designations. (26) The main discipline or subject of learning for the person's highest completed postsecondary qualificaon, classified according to the Classificaon of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016. (27) Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of May 1-7, 2016. (28) Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers. (29) Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015. (30) Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of May 1-7, 2016, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main acvies in their job, according to the Naonal Occupaonal Classificaon (NOC) 2016. (31) Refers to the general nature of the business carried out where the person worked, classified according to the North American Industry Classificaon (NAICS) 2012. (32) Census assumes that commute to work begins at the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. (33) Includes all income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice in the calendar year of 2015. Full-time full-year workers are those who worked 30 hours or more per week for at least 49 weeks in the calendar year of 2015. (34) Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources (e.g., employment income, government transfer, Old Age Security, income from investment, spousal support etc.), before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2015. (35) Total income of all household members, before income taxes and deductions for the calendar year of 2015. (36) Total income of all economic family members, before income taxes and deductions for the calendar year of 2015. An economic family refers to a group of two or more people who live in the same dwelling and are related by blood, marriage, common-law union, adopon or foster relaonship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. By definion, all people who are members of a census family are also members of an economic family. However, members of an economic family need not be members of the same census family. (37) The low-income measure aer tax (LIM-AT) is a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted aer-tax income of households. The household aer-tax income is adjusted to take economies of scale into account. The adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases. LIM-AT is not related or comparable to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) in the 2006 Census. Direct comparisons with low-income esmates from other sources is discouraged; however, it is appropriate to compare this low- income data for the PEDs presented here. (38) The income situation in relation to a specific low-income line, with those below the line considered to be in low income. Low income concepts are not applied in certain areas based on census subdivision types (i.e. Indian reserves). Substanal in-kind transfers (i.e. subsidized and/or band housing), barter economies and/or consumpon from hunng, farming or fishing, could make the interpretaon of low income stascs difficult in these cases. Due to the differing numbers of reserves within the various PEDs, some PEDs will be impacted by this more so than others. (39) Persons living on Indian reserves and Indian settlements were not asked the questions on citizenship, landed immigrant status or year of immigration. Consequently, this data is not available for areas where the majority of the population resides on-reserve. The following electoral divisions are impacted by this: Flin Flon, and The Pas-Kameesak.

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