Testar Master of Arts
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
A Case Study of the Televised International Newsflow of Raidió Teilifís Éireann and The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation: A Comparative Content Analysis Study submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Master of Arts Jason Thomas Testar M.A. September 2012 In the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Dublin City University Academic Supervisor: Prof. Farrell Corcoran DECLARATION I do hereby certify that this material, which I now submit for assessment in the programme of study leading to the award of Master of Arts, is entirely my own work, further attesting that I have exercised reasonable care to ensure that the work is original, and does not to the best of my knowledge breach any law of copyright, and has not been taken from the work of others save and to the extent that such work has been cited and acknowledged within the text. Signed September 19th 2012 in Dublin, Ireland. Candidate ID No: 55202485 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ....................................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................................ix LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................... vii LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................ viii GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................... x ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................... xii DEDICATION ........................................................................................................ xiii CHAPTER I: Introduction .......................................................................................... 1 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................................ 6 The Research Questions ......................................................................................... 11 Cultural, Corporate and State Sovereignty ............................................................. 11 Raidió Teilifís Éireann ........................................................................................... 19 The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation ................................................................ 2 3 The Associated Press (AP) ..................................................................................... 26 The Thomson Reuters News Service ..................................................................... 2 8 A Global Crisis in Public Service Broadcasting ..................................................... 30 Deregulation and Public Service Broadcasting ....................................................... 35 CHAPTER II: Review of Literature .......................................................................... 40 The Public Sphere and Critical Media Ecology ...................................................... 40 The Re-feudalizing of the Public Sphere ................................................................ 42 The Gatekeeping Dynamics of International Newsflow ......................................... 46 Framing and Domesticating the Global Newsflow ................................................. 49 iii The International Newsflow Studies ...................................................................... 51 Cultural Imperialism and the Newsflow ................................................................. 54 The New World Information Communications Order ............................................ 57 Globalization and the Newsflow ............................................................................ 60 Post-Modern Pluralism and Deregulating Newsflow ............................................. 62 st The 21 Century Communications Order .............................................................. 64 The Canadian Newsflow Studies ........................................................................... 66 Standing Committee on Industry, Science and Technology (SCIST) ................... 72 Standing Committee on Transportation and Communications (SSCTC) ............. 72 The Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage .................................................. 73 The Commercialization of International News Values ........................................... 74 Compassion Fatigue and Declining Demand ....................................................... 75 Tabloidization and Infotainment ......................................................................... 78 Consolidation, Convergence, Conglomeration ....................................................... 79 Dominating the International Agenda .................................................................... 82 The Non-aligned News Agencies ........................................................................... 83 The Inter Press Service (IPS) .............................................................................. 84 The Canadian Press (CP) .................................................................................... 84 The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) .......................................................... 85 Satellite Broadcasting in the Public Interest ........................................................... 86 Crisis-News and the Elite Foreign Correspondent .................................................. 93 The International Bureaus and Parachute Journalism ............................................. 99 iv CHAPTER III: Methodology .................................................................................. 102 Computer-based Assistance ................................................................................. 104 The Research Sample and Data as Units of Analysis ........................................... 104 The Secondary Data as Analytical Units .............................................................. 107 Variable (A) What Constitutes an International Report ..................................... 108 Variable (B) The Origin of the International News............................................ 109 Variable (C) Quantifying the Foreign Correspondents ...................................... 110 Limitations........................................................................................................... 111 CHAPTER IV: Findings ......................................................................................... 116 Summary of the RTÉ Findings ............................................................................ 117 The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Findings ............................................... 118 RTÉ and the CBC: The Juxtaposed and Compared Results ................................. 121 Research Question (A) ......................................................................................... 122 Research Question (B) ......................................................................................... 123 Research Question (C) ......................................................................................... 124 Research Question (D) ......................................................................................... 125 Research Question (E) ......................................................................................... 130 Expanded Discussion of All Findings .................................................................. 1 3 6 Implications for International News Quality ........................................................ 138 CHAPTER V: Conclusion ...................................................................................... 152 Summary of Contributions ................................................................................... 156 Research Questions A, B and C ........................................................................ 1 5 6 Research Question D......................................................................................... 158 v Research Question E ......................................................................................... 162 Limitations Discovered ........................................................................................ 163 Future Research ................................................................................................... 164 Bibliography ........................................................................................................... 214 Appendices………………………………………………………………………….214 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1 ~ RTÉ: Summary of All Results and Findings..............................................117 Table 2 ~ National Origin of the RTÉ Reportage by Ranking...................................117 Table 3 ~ The CBC: Summary of All Results and Findings......................................119 Table 4 ~ National Origin of the CBC Reportage by Ranking..................................120 Table 5 ~ The CBC and RTÉ: Summary of All Data Compared...............................121 vii LIST OF FIGURES Fig. 1 ~ The decline of US televised international news..............................................77 Fig. 2 ~ The corporations controlling the newsflow....................................................82 Fig. 3 ~ RTÉ: National origin of the international output..........................................118 Fig. 4 ~The CBC: National origin of the international output…………………….120