13 and Over 2019 CHJA Horsemanship Challenge Practice Test

1. What size blades should be used to clip a ’s legs?

2. How does one make a bran mash?

3. What is USEF Test #2?

4. What is EPM?

5. Why would one use a crank noseband?

6. List three causes of scratches.

7. What is long lining?

8. Trotting through the ingate or outgate can cause a rider to eliminated at a USEF show. True or False?

9. How is EHV transmitted?

10. Name three North American breeds of horse.

11. What facial marking is this?

12. What is impulsion?

13. Why would a horse need “tapped” shoes?

14. Straw is an example of absorbent bedding. True/False

15. How many joints does a Dr. Bristol bit have?

16. What purpose does a crupper serve?

17. Name three “rein aids.”

18. Name four plants that are poisonous to .

19. How many pounds of manure does a horse produce per day?

20. How does a twitch work?

Scroll down for the Answer Key!

Answer Key

1. size 10

2. Water & Bran

3. Hand Gallop

4. Equine Protozoal Myelitis (EPM) is caused by a parasitic migration in the spinal cord that results in significant nerve damage. Horses become infected when they ingest food or water that is contaminated with animal droppings containing the sporocysts of EPM-causing parasites. The parasite migrates into the central nervous system and creates lesions in the spinal cord. The disease is diagnosed by blood tests and spinal taps. The horse is the “end host” of the protozoal parasite and therefore cannot infect other horses. Treatment requires aggressive veterinary attention. Prevention is better than cure: Keep the barn and its surrounding areas free of opossums, skunks and other possible intermediate hosts.

5. To keep a horse from opening its mouth

6. Caked-on manure or mud • Sandy or abrasive soil • Grit of training surfaces • Rough stubble in fields • Urine soaked and filthy bedding, causing chemical and bacterial irritation • Sand and dirt caught between boots or leg wraps and the horse’s legs • Failing to thoroughly dry the horse’s legs after bathing

7. Another advanced technique is long lining. The horse is worked with long lines, a bridle and a surcingle. The long liner drives the horse. The horse may be worked from the ground on straight lines, bending lines and circles. This should not be attempted without supervision from an experienced long lining instructor.

8. True

9. • From horse to horse • Carried on a human’s clothing or footwear • By a common water source

10. Quarter Horse, , Morgan, POA, Bashkir Curly, Saddlebred, Tennessee Walker, , , Chincoteague Pony, ,

11. snip

12. Impulsion: Educated reserve energy or impulse, which is created by the rider’s leg. The horse is energetic and alert but remains calm and cooperative with the rider. Natural impulsion is generally uneducated energy176 . Impulsion is taught in stages, which should include: o Stabilization of gaits on passive contact o Consistent, soft or light contact with precise transitions and consistent reserve energy o Active contact with increased impulse

13. Tapped shoes: Shoes that have holes drilled into them for screw studs. Studs come in a variety of heights and shapes for different footing surfaces. • Borium: A metal that is welded to the shoe that provides add

14. False

15. Two

16. Cruppers are used on mutton withered horses and very fat ponies to keep the saddle from slipping forward over the withers. The strap passes around the dock and to a “T” that fits into the saddle gullet or a fastening point on the cantle of the saddle.

17. Direct rein, opening rein, neck/bearing rein, pulley rein, lifting rein, indirect rein 18. Arrowgrass • Bracken Fern • Buttercups • Clover (sweet, red, alsike) • Cocklebur • Fescue (tall and chewings) • Foxgloves • Goldenrod • Hydrangea • Lantana • Larkspur • Lupine • Milkweed • Pigweed • St. Johnswort (goatweed) • Trees (apple, black locust, black walnut, cherry, oak, peach, red maple) • Wild onions • Yew

19. He produces 35 to 50 pounds of manure per day and generally passes it about 8 times per day in the form of soft balls.

20. Pressure on the sensory nerves of the lip • Acupressure over the calming points The action of twitching a horse releases endorphins and enkephalins from the central nervous system, which help to sedate and relax the horse.

Questions are taken from the USHJA Horsemanship Online Study Guide, Pony Club’s Manual of Horsemanship, and USEF Rulebook.