published by The Historical Society of Rockland County 20 Zukor Rd., New City, 10956 IN MEMORIAM Esther M. Churchill Ethel Haubner William B. Page

BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE Esther M. Churchill Norman Insley Ethel Haubner William B. Page The name of Miss Ethel C. Storms will be the first inscribed on the Bene­ factors plaque to be placed in the entrance lobby of the museum building at the county history center. This Benefactors classification, established recently by the society's board of trustees, will include those who donate $5,000 or more to either the Museum Fund or the Endowment Fund and have not specifically sponsored a room or other area in the building. Most recent among patrons who are contributing $1,000 or more to the Museum Fund are Mr. and Mrs. Henry Green, Mr. and Mrs. Michael Higgins, Miss Ruth Morris, Mr. and Mrs. Robert Stevenson, Mr. and Mrs. James F. Stoner, Dexter Press, Orange & Rockland Utilities and Provident Savings & Loan. Loan. Regular society events, such as Yankee Peddler Day, Homelands Day and the fall open house were well attended, very successful affairs. Details of these special days will be reported in the annual slide lecture as well as in the report of society activities at the annual meeting. In early September the accessions stored above the office in the Jacob Blauvelt House were relocated in the designated storage-preparation room on the main floor of the museum building. By mid-October the society had a total of 2,385 active members (those who had paid their 1976 and/or 1977 dues). The grounds at the county history center are rapidly being transformed as grading is completed, walkways and parking lot installed, lawns showing green of sprouting seed. With the cooler temperatures of autumn, the heating system in the museum building is being tested. Membership in the historical society is open to everyone. Dues of $5. a year ($1. for students) keep you informed of activities of the society, provide you with the society’s quarterly and stimulate your sense of history, especially on the local level.

COVER PICTURE: When Valerie Meyer was working on the illustrations for Peg McCabe’s VIGNETTES, she asked her husband, Thomas, to sketch an authentic World War I railway observation car as he is the family’s true railroad buff. Unable to squeeze it into the story proper, we’ve used it as a cover picture because it ties in so well with Dan deNoyelles railroad story and with Stan Mil­ ler’s centerspread as well as helping to evoke an era that for many of us is slipping in the mists of time.

(r)1976 by The Historical Society of Rockland County

Acting Editor: Mariruth Campbell Printed by Executive Editor: John R. Zehner PRINT SPRINT This glass-negative print of the Long Clove (background: center) shows much of the "battle area” and the land where the switchbank railbed later rose to the Clove and then dropped to the Riverside Avenue terminus in three large loops.

RAILROAD WARFARE AT HAVERSTRAW by Daniel DeNoyelles Excitement was at such a feverish pitch in the early winter of 1880 some Haverstraw folk reached for their guns. That was the time the Jersey City & Albany line's gandy dancers.came to town to lay rails near the Long Clove. The depot, on what is now Riverside Avenue, was to be the railroad’s northern terminus. But as the rail laying approached Haverstraw, everybody took sides for or against this modern mode of travel—modern in 1880, that is. Would it be an asset or a detriment to the growth of the village? That was on everyone’s mind. The inhabitants were firmly bound to the prosperity of brickmaking and navigation on the . So, who needed the railroad? These questions started fiery agitation and rabid oratory. An added sense of drama was given when the daily newspapers devoted many columns to the "rioting, bloody noses and broken limbs” sustained by the vil­ lagers and the rail crews. Some of those involved claimed the New York papers were nothing but yellow journals. This was done to calm the populace and to stop exaggerations. It was true that serious trouble was brewing. It was also true that most of the villagers sided with the landowners who held the property in the southern limits of Haverstraw. The landowners vs. the Jersey City & Albany Railroad Company of the States of New York and New Jersey were adversaries, drawn into lines of battle as each claimed the other a tres­ passer. John L. DeNoyelles and Daniel, his brother, (Nos. ‘54 and 36 in the DeNoyelles genealogy published in 1971) with their extensive holdings, were

3 the largest and most influential property owners in the contested area. Floreni Verdin, a wealthy New City farmer, had saved most of the clay lands for the two brothers after Denton Fowler, a rival brickmaker, had demanded payment on notes issued in 1876 which the brothers could not meet. Mr. Verdin ad­ vanced enough money to buy the properties at a sheriff’s sale and took a mort­ gage as security and the DeNoyelleses lost only one valuable brickyard to the Fowler family. This, incidentally, started a low-key feud, which lasted through two generations. The struggle began on Monday morning, January 26, 1880. The railroad attempted to occupy the land and their convoy of equipment was speedily ejected to a nearby highway by the townsmen. The railroad’s attorney had an injunction served on the property holders, restraining them from interfering with the progress of the line. The property owners also obtained an injunction, restraining the railroad from building any farther. This judicial order was served on the railroad before nightfall that same day and the villagers slept a fitful, apprehensive slumber—a calm before the storm! To understand fully the tense situation, the reader should realize it was necessary for the Jersey City & Albany to obtain the right-of-way through Haverstraw for successful operation of the line. The engineer’s plan was, after the tracks came through the mountain at the Long Clove, the road bed would be lowered to the river bank in three giant switchbacks almost one mile each in length. This rail design would end at the depot, just north of the present Jackson-Ashby home on Riverside Avenue on the property of the Haverstraw Transit Company. As early as 1874, Delos F. Culver, acting for the railroad, bought 120 acres of land in the southern limits of the village for $55,000. Of this amount $5,000 was paid in cash and the remainder was to have been paid in install­ ments up to $35,000. After this a deed for the entire acreage was to be given and the rest secured by a bond and mortgage. Mr. Culver claimed to have paid the $15,000, and under the contract was entitled to receive a deed for part of the property described in the contract. However, when it was time to draw the deed, it was discovered to include a much larger area than described in the contract. Pending further discussion with the DeNoyelles brothers and Mr. Verdin, the railroad company sold out and Mr. Culver became the purchaser as agent for the former company. The Saturday before the ties and rails were brought to Haverstraw, the owners of the land in question (the DeNoyelles brothers and Mr. Verdin) heard the railroad was speedily preparing to lay rails over their land on a road bed graded in 1874 under an old contract. The very next morning, Clarence R. Conger, attorney and a director of the railroad, with William W. Miller, chief engineer, Herbert Conger, brother of the lawyer, and several others, settled on the disputed land. They meant to stay. They opened a tent, pitched it and under buffalo robes lay down to claim all rights of actual possession. That ignited the dormant resentment of the villagers and the landowners. A few hours later, Daniel DeNoyelles appeared on the contested land and ordered the trespassers off. They declined to go. A crowd of citizens, who had trekked to the spot after rumors of a fight spread through Haverstraw, was on

4 hand. It was evident the railroad was going to take forcible possession of the contested tract and it looked very likely there would be a battle royal. Every­ body wanted a piece of the action ! Mr. Conger contended that as attorney he was simply occupying his client’s land. The angry crowd, stirred up by his argument, attacked the up­ right tent. Some who saw the action said that when the crowd surged forward it took very little egging on by the DeNoyelles brothers to create the havoc of overturning the tent with the other men in it. Mr. Conger and a friend decided to stay put and sat down on the demolished tent. DeNoyelles then took hold of Mr. Conger’s waist and bodily lifted him up to toss him off the land. At this point Conger reached behind him to draw his pistol. DeNoyelles, now in a fighting mood, put his hand to his pocket and exclaimed, "There will be plenty of gunplay if you want that!” "No,” said Conger, "I am drawing mine to throw it away.” He tossed it aside in the brush. This action temporarily calmed the rancor of the crowd. Just then the attorney for the landowners, George W. Weiant, arrived. Both lawyers bel­ lowed the other was trespassing. Weiant directed the fallen tent be carried away. This was done at once although Mr. Conger and his friend, who were siting upon it, were breakfasting at the time. Conger was not to be evicted from "his” ground and remained there all day. Starting at dawn the next day, Weiant and DeNoyelles rushed to Brooklyn and before Judge Gilbert of the Supreme Court of the 2nd Judicial District of New York obtained against the railroad another injunction, returnable the following Monday. In the meantime (on Saturday) in the very same court, but before Judge Pratt, the other side had obtained another injunction against DeNoyelles et al, which writ arrived in Haverstraw while Weiant was on his way to Brooklyn. That Monday morning about 30 men employed by DeNoyelles proceeded to cut a ditch across the grade at the southern boundary of the disputed tract. Attorney Conger hastily presened his newly-won injunction to the men in the ditch. They could not have cared less and laughed him to scorn. Thereupon he raced his horse and wagon to New City, the county seat, to obtain the aid of Sheriff Henry Christie. Failing to locate him or his deputy, he returned to the battleground in Haverstraw. The rail men said the absences of these officials smelled with an odor of connivance since Mr. Christie’s mother was the former Ann Charlotte DeNoyelles (No. 10 in the DeNoyelles book of ancestry). But Attorney Culver perservered and, surrounded by all the commotion and uproar at the construction site, mounted a pile of ties and read the order of the court. Now the moment of confrontation v/as at hand. As the DeNoyelles men continued to dig the wide ditch across the railroad’s grade, the railroad laborers laid the track up to the very opening of the newly-excavated ditch. This stopped the railroaders. Then, Joel Fowler, contractor and foreman, took action. Immediately a fight started between Fowler and one of the diggers. Attorney Conger, aware of the tenseness of the situation, called his workmen off, saying "The order of the Court is manifestly resisted. That is all we want to know!” The DeNoyelles men in the ditch remained there until it was obvious the railroaders were going to make a bold, desperate move. Two cars loaded with

5 heavy pine ties were coupled to an engine that was to give the cars enough momentum to fling them into the ditch on top of the diggers. William W. Miller, chief engineer for he railroad, advanced to the ditch and warned the men below of their perilous position. Then, the fast-moving cars came flying down the grade. Shovelers, by­ standers and partisans fled the danger zone. The cars, moving now at a rapid rate, reached the end of the track. A newspaper of the day nicely relates what followed: "The cars were evenly distributed in the ditch!’’ In this fashion, devil-may-care as it was, the railroad once more occupied the disputed territory and the DeNoyelles brothers were again stymied in their blockade. The excitement was white-hot when lawyer Weiant arrived from Brooklyn with the counter-injunction, which he served at once. Darkness fell at last on this tumultous day with the crowds of villagers dispersing to their homes or to the numerous saloons for which Haverstraw was so well-known. Everybody mulled over the day’s events and plans were plotted for the violence which maybe would be needed to stop the railroad on the morrow. Physical action turned to legal proceedures when Mr. Culver’s suit in the Brooklyn Court was called up for adjudication. The charge was "failure for the specific performance of a contract” against the DeNoyelles brothers. Again Mr. Culver procured an injunction restraining the defendants from interfering with the Jersey City & Albany Railroad Co. in their operation on certain lands in Haverstraw. Early on the day set for the hearing, a motion was made before Judge Pratt of the New York State Supreme Court to continue the injunction. Counselor Betts on behalf of the plaintiff said Mr. Culver had made an agreement with the defendants by which they agreed to sell certain lands in Rockland County for $15,000; $5,000 in cash and the balance within a cer­ tain period. He said also Mr. Culver was vice-president of the N. J. & Albany Railroad (the new name for the Jersey City & Albany RR), and, after the com­ pany had entered upon the land and were constructing their road, the defendants drove them off. This was the reason for the injunction. Lawyer George Weiant, on behalf of the defendents, claimed there was nothing to show that the DeNoyelles brothers were under any obligation to give the railroad a title. The company had gone upon the land on a Sunday, camped out, and got possession of the premises illegally. Further, the defendents alleged the plaintiff was insolvent at the time of the agreement and had intend­ ed to get possession of the land without paying for it. Another motion was made by Mr. Culver to vacate the injunction obtained by the defendents to stop the railroad construction. Judge Pratt reserved decision. While all this was going on, a number of capitalists in Boston had suc­ ceeded in constructing a railroad route from the western entrance of the Hoosick Tunnel in Rensselaer County in upper New York State to the Hudson River. At the latter point, Mechanicsville, the tracks of the Rensselaer & Saratoga Railroad were joined. From there a 16-mile track to Schenectady met with the Albany & Susquehanna Division of the Delaware & Hudson Canal Co., which also leased the Rensselaer & Saratoga road. Looking for expansion of their holdings, these capitalists bought the deeds, rights-of-way and the maps of the N.J. & Albany, paying $110,000 for the entire package. The sale had been held by Chancellor Runyon of Jersey

6 City acting as referee. Thus the vested rights of the N.Y. & Albany were consolidated with the New York, West Shore & Chicago. The details of the transaction were recorded in the following counties through which it was pro­ posed to extend the line: Bergen and Hudson in New Jersey; Rockland, Orange, Ulster, Greene, Sullivan, Albany, Schenectady, Montgomery, Herkimer, Oneida and Madison Counties in New York. The Boston people had paid cash for all their labor and materials and had sold no stock to investors. With these new, involved dealings going on everyone was puzzled about what to do. To keep this muddle fermenting, the Rockland County Messenger saw fit a week later to issue a column on the new railroad which gave the general reaction of the people of Haverstraw toward the rail laying. It said, since the approach of the new railroad to the village, doubts were expressed openly on the streets, in stores, saloons, hotels, churches and other public places as to whether it would be a success or not. The question of bonding the village in the rail dealings was a disquieting fact—one that agitated the pop­ ulace a great deal. Some looked at it as a high-handed outrage upon the tax­ payers. Some property owners declared it would ruin the town, while others were satisfied that it would open a new thoroughfare for increased business. Some even said that it would be a bonanza for the village. The questionable success of the railroad divided the public and the odds seemed to favor the non-improvement portion of the community. When the well- heeled bankers oi Boston entered the picture, it appeared the construction of the road was in good hands at last. 1 hen, why the fear and doubt amongst the citizens about its success?, the Messenger's news columns asked. As if to answer itsell, the newspaper concluded "it would bring strangers among the villagers who would open new avenues for business and who would benefit the property owners as well as the non-taxpayers.” Then the newspaper added, con't. on p. 11

7 VIGNETTES OF WORLD WAR I IN HAVERSTRAW VILLAGE by Margaret McCabe with illustrations by Valerie Meyer Bill and Brose, my brothers, accompanied me in the trap when we joined the impromptu parade on that glorious day of the false armistice in November 1918. We were very happy following the crowd. Apparently the news that it was a false alarm failed to reach us, ensconced as we were in our fancy wagon. Darling, our pony was hitched to the trap, a very elegant two-seated wagon made of wood and basketry. The seats were covered with beige-colored woolen material and the steel back of the front seat could be folded down. This very impressive contraption was reserved for state occasions, such as parades; the run-about, a one-seater, was every­ day fare. We followed a small contingent of hearty souls who continued to cele­ brate. Leading this group was a hand­ some man, resplendent in a derby, Heman Purdy. One of the town’s lead­ ing citizens, he for many years served as county clerk. First, we paraded a short distance up Broadway. Then the men all went into a store. We waited patiently for the parade to continue. Eventually the men came out and we followed them down Broadway to the bank corner, turned left and down Main Street to approximately where the O. N. Rosenberg and Son store now stands. Again, they disappeared while we poor kids waited for the parade. After the third of these trips between the two stores, discouragement set in and I headed Darling home. How were we at the ripe ages of six, nine and eleven and brought up on the edge of the village to know that stores with green curtains inside the windows were saloons? The Broad­ way "store” was and still is Adler’s. I’m sure if its walls could talk there would be some mighty interesting tales, for it has served several gen­ erations. The night of the real armistice there was an organized parade. This time we did very well in the line of march from downtown up Broadway until we reached the corner of West Side Ave­ nue and Spring Street. As parades do, there we stopped. Suddenly a band

8 blared out, frightening Darling. She reared so high that when she came down her forequarters were outside the right shaft while her hindquarters remained inside. I called, "Some man, some man.” Several came to the rescue, released the traces, put Darling back between the shafts and fastened the traces. Miracu­ lously the harness hadn’t broken. When the parade turned at Hudson Avenue to go back downtown, I scooted up West Side Avenue to home and safety. During the war years rumors of lights flashed by German spies on High Tor proved false, but we at the north end of the village had a genuine spy captured right under our noses. Lenore Troup, from the house on the corner, the Feeneys from up the hill, Lu and Bill Post from Conger Avenue and we were allowed to indulge in "Kick the Wicket” and "Run Sheep Run” under the corner street light until eight o’clock. One night our play was disturbed by a very silent man who stood leaning on the telephone post by Troup’s home. His hat was pulled down, almost cov­ ering his eyes; his coat collar covered his chin; his arms were folded. We ran up to him and spoke, but he ut­ tered not a sound. Scared, we went to Mrs. Troup for aid. With us, she walked the Feeney kids up the hill. As we returned to her home, she walked so close to the man that she practically brushed against him. Again, not a sound nor a move. Mr. Troup took up the vigil from a bedroom in their home. The next day he reported the man had stood there until eleven o’clock, when a big black car came down the state road and stopped. The man got into the car without speaking. Just a few weeks later Mrs. Denton DeBaun, who lived on the same side of West Side Avenue as we and whose house was the second below the tracks, answered the bell at her front door. The two or three men standing there presented their governmental credentials and inquired if a certain person was employed by the DeBauns. Mrs. DeBaun said this woman was their cook. The agents explained their purpose and asked lo speak to the woman. Mrs. DeBaun then showed them to the kitchen, where they pulled the wig off the cook and then ripped her apron and skirt off exposing the woman-cook wore trousers and was really a man ! The contents of his/her room disclosed a great many sketches of the West Shore R.R. tunnel between Haverstraw and Congers, then guarded by soldiers. The U.S. Government agents took this spy into custody and off they went. When we heard about this, we kids all knew the silent man who had scared us was the DeBaun’s cook. Mrs. DeBaun must have had a frightful shock. She was extremely active in the Haverstraw chapter of the American Red Cross. She enjoined other women to work with her rolling bandages at meetings in the Presbyterian Church. Many of them knitted helmets, scarves, wristlets and sweaters for our

9 boys in service. Some readers will recall this home knitting effort was the butt of many cartoons and jokes, one of the most popular being, "Knit one, purl one, drop one!” The school affair that stays with me most clearly was on the day that L. O. Markham, superintendent of schools, marched the entire school body up to the West Shore Railroad Station to see Marshal Joffre, leader of the French forces, who was en route to visit West Point. Unfortunately, the engineer of the private train hadn't been informed the Haverstraw school children would be out to welcome the famous visitor and didn’t slow the train. When he spied the crowd, he tried to slacken speed and the train did slow a bit as it reached the freight station. Several officers on the observation platform of the last car waved to us. Of course we all said we saw Marshal Joffre. Did we?

THE CRISIS OF THE REVOLUTION: The Story of Arnold and Andre by William Abbatt with 90 illustrations and maps Harbor Hill Books, Harrison, N.Y. $16.50 Revolutionary trails and waterways used by Andre in the week between his Long Clove meeting with Arnold and his execution at Tappan were meticu­ lously followed in the 1890’s by historian William Abbatt. Well versed in the Arnold-Andre plot through research in old books and records, Abbatt travelled with notebook and camera, alone, sometimes accom­ panied by photographer Edwin S. Bennett. He retraced the routes and filmed the terrain and buildings that were the backdrop for what he considered the crisis of the Revolution: the plot to give West Point to the British. Focusing on the time between the brilliant military assemblage in New York City the night of September 18, 1780 and the day of execution at Tappan (October 2), Abbatt in 1899 had 250 copies of his THE CRISIS OF TEIE REVOLU'l ION: The Story of Arnold and Andre printed privately at Geneva, New York, by W. F. Humphrey. Few copies are known to have survived. A United States Military Academy Library copy and a New York Public Library 1909 supplement were used for Harbor Hill’s 1976 reprint, with a new preface by Jeff Canning, William Abbatt and His Historical Works. A day by day Arnold-Andre itinerary, songs and poems of the time, an extensive bibliography, a definitive index and copious footnotes, so detailed they make a vivid collection of pen sketches, enhance this reprint, available to society members at $15.50 (ten percent off the list price plus the full tax.) A gift membership in the historical society is a year-’round reminder of your thoughtfulness. 10 fro/// p. 7 "This town needs to be awakened to the fact that New York City is gradually growing nearer and nearer every day, and in less than ten years, the improve­ ment shown in Rockland County property will astonish the oldest inhabitant.” The columnist added that a well-informed civil engineer and railroad man had told him Nyack would be a great railroad center and Haverstraw would be left in the lurch. It was rumored all western trains were to run to Nyack and from there across the river on an iron bridge, with two drawbridges, to con­ nect with the Hudson River RR to the 42nd St. depot and to the elevated railroads of New York City. If what the Haverstraw people thought was true of railroad success, let Nyack suffer the ill-effects of the iron-horse and the booming rail traffic, why need the people of Haverstraw worry for its future? The idea was a grand one and one that should cause the property owners to encourage any and all improvements, looking to a gradual advancement of property prices in the village. The reporter at the Messenger cautioned that "discouragement would not assist or better the situation.” So the difficulties were finally straightened; viewpoints as to the advan­ tages of the railroad’s running through the village were changed and the property owners were gratified with the settlement offered. The rail laying com­ menced and finished so that it was widely heralded along the route the first passenger train on the N.J. & Albany Railroad would be run March 1, 1880. A newsman for the Messenger was able to wrangle a passage and boarded the first train as it left Haverstraw at 6:30 a.m. With a toot-toot from the locomtive, the train started and was soon wind­ ing its way up the switchbacks in a zig-zag manner. With a few cars attached, the locomotive seemed to struggle a little in rising to the cut on the top of the mountain. Finally through the rugged terrain, the train with its joyous pas­ sengers made good time on the level and the brakeman soon called, "Wald- berg” (now Congers) and everybody looked out of the windows for Dan Snedeker’s smiling face. For the joyous occasion Dan saluted all the Haverstraw folks who were on the first train. He said there were about 25 passengers from Haverstraw on this initial run. The books and the furnishings for this new depot at Waldberg reached there the same day of this liii,t passenger trip. Judging f rom the imposing red sandstone station, the company expected a large amount of business at Congers. Taking on a few passengers, a rapid trip was made on the single track until Clarksville was reached. There it was all bustle. Jake Polhemus was in charge and he was very much excited for a few minutes. Soon the train was off again for Nyack Turnpike, where the Smith brothers were on the look out. Orangeburg Junction was reached a few minutes after seven o’clock. From this con't. on p. 14 OVERLEAF: Glimpses of Yesterday, a centerfold of local railroad scenes, created especially for this issue of South of the Mountains by Spring Valley artist Stanley H. Miller, who delights in depicting Rock­ land County’s past and thoroughly enjoys the extensive research re­ quired to capture and project the way it was. The frame used by the artist for this overleaf is adapted from an early railway schedule. fro/// p. 11 station the train stopped every few minutes at one small station or another named in the timetable. Proceeding toward the west, the new road jumped on the Pennsylvania Railroad tracks and whirled into Jersey City through the Bergen cut, not the tunnel, at 8:40 a.m. In many places the road was far from being completed but it showed determination on the part of Mr. Culver and the contractor to get the road running as soon as possible, as had been promised during the early spring crisis over disputed lands, deeds and rights-of-way. The Rockland County newspapers mentioned that the scenery along the whole route was very picturesque, especially at that time of the year, and when the trees began to bud and blossom and the country fields were arrayed in green, no pen could do justice to the grandeur of nature in our county. It was understood from reliable authority that the company intended to commence work immediately at the Long Clove, upon the tunnel, which would expedite travel considerably and enable trains to arrive at Havrstraw on a level roadbed instead of the switchbacks then in use. The route from Haverstraw north to Albany had been surveyed and proposals would shortly be received for its building. The total distance from Jersey City to Albany would not be shortened much by going over the Hudson River roadbed, but the building of a new route would afford rail transit to many small towns and villages—a luxury which they had never before enjoyed. The publicity department of the new railroad drew the attention of the traveler to the neatness and, in many instances, to the beauty of the depots along the line. There were two particularly worthy of mention: one at Teaneck, built" of brown stone in the Gothic style; the other at Schraalenburgh, between Haworth and West Englewood, New Jersey, a frame construction, surmounted by miniature minarets and with the interior finished in hardwoods of different shades artistically blended. From Rockland Junction north on account of the swampy condition of the soil the road was built in long sweeping curves and the ballast of brushed stone was spaded thickly to offset setlement into the bogs and to insure comfortable, easy transit. There was but one crossing made —over the Piermont branch of the Erie Railroad at Tappan Station. During a passage over this route through Rockland County, there were many surprises in store for the traveler. Upon leaving Tappan, so the news­ papers noted, one could view the monument erected by the munificence of Cyrus W. Field to the memory of Major John Andre at the place of his execu­ tion in October 1780. A little farther on could be seen a glimpse of the beau­ tiful Rockland Lake with its undulating hills and quiet cottages, developing those twin essentials to earthly happiness and country living—Peace and Con- entment. It was not however until one reached the approach to and the passage through the Long Clove, that the works of nature impressed the mind with their beauty and grandeur. At this point the railroad’s advertisers said "there was a succession of serpentine curves, now upon a level plane, then whirling through a copse of Northern pine, and again chugging along amid crags and peaks as one held his breath and gazed in wonderment at this historic ground. It was here by the side of the Long Clove that Major Andre and held their treasonable meeting, which went unresolved until they journeyed to Joshua Hett Smith's home in West Haverstraw. From there Arnold

14 photo courtesy of Charles Ai. Pales

This 1925 residence of Walter Harris, a worker in the deNoyelles brickyard, was for many years the railroad depot. It stood on the west side of Riverside Ave., as the mountains in the background show. returned to West Point and Andre crossed the river at King’s Ferry to be cap­ tured at Tarrytown and finally meet his end on the hill at Tappan. The Rockland County Messenger would say in those days as the road neared the Long Clove, The train’s ascent of the mountainside is peculiarly suggestive of disaster and any brave soul would be perturbed by the bordering danger. As the train, in those first runs, moved stealthily through the Long Clove embowered as it was by rocks and foliage-freighted mountainside, the first glimpse of the Hudson, sparkling under the noonday sun, was one of entrancing beauty and well repaid the time occupied in reaching the shore (by going down the three switchbacks. DdeN). Several hundred feet above the river, from the top of the Long Clove, the scenery was beautiful.” The reporters generally ended their comments with "the new Road augurs well for the good of Haverstraw and vicinity.” And so the new railroad and the property owners settled their differences. Three years later when a more modern route was laid out for the West Shore Railroad, travelers were able to commute from Haverstraw to Weehawken, New Jersey. Violence was laid aside, in a short while strife was forgotten and peace returned to the village.

A special drive is under way to raise 52,500 for the 50-foot aluminum flag­ pole at the History Center. Contributions by school children in the county are sought and a plaque acknowledging their gifts will be installed. Individuals and groups may deposit coins in the four-foot replica on display at the center and at county functions at which the society is represented.

15 TITLE INDEX Vol. 1, No. 1 through Vol. 20, No. 4 (Selected material has been reprinted in three pamphlets—Gleanings, More Gleanings and Bicentennial Gleanings—here listed G, MG and BG)

Accessions Policy x Society’s Big League Baseball Act to Incorporate Turnpike 11:1 (N. Rockland) 20:2 Adult Education (crafts) 17:1 Billing’s Song for America the Beautiful Recognition Historians, A 16:2 for Claire Tholl 20:2 Black Peter (detail in cover pic) 7:1 Andre and Arnold 7:4 Blacksmith Shop x Eckerson Andre—Death Warrant of 7:4 Blauvelt (Jacob) Commemorative Program 15:3 Homestead BG & 15:1 Disinterment, etc. 15:3 Blauvelt (Jacob) Plaque 18:2 Engraving from Tarrytown 12:1 Blauvelt Public School 12:4 Monument at Long Clove 15:1 Blizzard of’88 14:1 Renaissance Man 17:2 Blockhouse Defending Dobbs Snuff Box BG&15:3 Ferry in Rockland, The 19:4 Tragedy of 15:3 Boating on the Bight 11:1 x Treason in the Hudson Valley BOCES 17:4 Trial (pic) BG & 7:4 Bolles, Mary Nims—Poetry 18:1 Anglo American Relations 15:4 Annual Awards Program BOOK REVIEWS (at Strawberry Festival) 16-20:3 —Birth of an American Family, Annual Reports 1-20:2 Daniel deNoyelles 16:3 Arnold-Andre Meeting Place 15:1 —Corduroy Road, The, Patricia Edwards Clyne 18:3 Arnold x Treason Aviation (WWI) x Making —Crisis of the Revolution, The, William Abbatt 20:4 Award of Merit to Bill Smith 11:2 —Forgotten General, The, Award to Leland R. Meyer 16:2 (Robert Erskine), Award to Severn 17:3 Albert H. Heusser 17:1 —Frontier Elements in a Babe Ruth (pix) 13:1 & 13:2 Hudson River Village, Ball Team (Nyack) 14:4 Carl Nordstrom 17:3 Ballad of Claudius Smith MG & 9:1 —Hudson River and Its Painters, Balloons x Reconnaissance John K. Howat 17:4 Battle Flag Flies Again 20:3 -—Kakiat Patent in Bergen Bear Mountain Historical County, Howard I. Durie 16:3 Museum (pic) 9:2 -—Portrait of West Nyack Bedell, Cornelia F. (cover pic) 13:1 (by S-E-A-R-C-H) 17:3 Bernard, Pierre Arnold -—Rockland County Track (cover pic) 14:4 Champions, V)\ckYerg 17:4 —Impressions of 14:4 —Story of Brick, The, —Editor Reminisces 14:4 Charles Ellery Hall 16:3 Bicentennial Hymn 20:2 —Way It Was in North Bicentennial Quilts (pix) 20:1 & 20:2 Rockland, The, Bight, The (South Nyack) 11:1 Norman R. Baker 18:1

16 Brick Industry (cover pic) 6:1 Colonial Craft Courses 17:1 Brickmaking in Haverstraw 6:1 Columbus, Portrait of 9:3 Brush, Wilhemina R. 12:4 Commemoration Budke, George H. 1:1 & 15:1 —Camp Shanks 7:1 Buried Treasures, Legends of 18:1 -—Washington and Butterfass, Sophie (pic) 9:2 Carleton Special 1958 Comments on Early Taverns 5 :1 Camp Shanks (cover pic & story) 6:4 Conifers x Dawn Redwoods —Commemoration 7:1 Consolidation of Historical —x Prisoners Societies —x Red Cross —Rockland Society and Campbell, Frank 17:4 Historical Society of Canes x Venturini Rockland 20:3 Cannon on Lawn at Orangeburg 16:3 —Tappan Zee and Carleton, Sir Guy (cover pic) 2:2 Rockland County 9:1 Carleton: Man of Distinction 18:2 Cornelison-Salisbury Carleton-Washington House 2:4, 3:2, 11:1 Commemoration Special 1958 Cornell, Joseph 17:1 Cartographer to Army (Erskine) 13:3 Country Doctor 5:3 Catameran (H. IF. Longfellow) 11:1 County’s 165th Anniversary 7.: 2 Cattle Drive (N.Y.C.) 12:3 County’s 175th Anniversary 17:1 Cattle Droves (story) MG & 12:3 County Historian (Budke) 15:1 Cattle Trails (map) 12:3 County History Center 15:2 C.C.C. x Clarkstown County Map (cover pic) 17:1 Country Club County School District Cemetery, Martinus Hogenkamp 16:1 (Blauvelt) G&12:4 Chairs Tell History 18:1 Champe, The Escape of Daughters and Sons of Sergeant BG & 11:4 Liberty, Rejoice Chrystenah 11:1 (U.S. Bicentennial hymn) 20:2 Cider Making Time—1969 13:1 Dawn Redwood: A Conifer Citation to Leland R. Meyer 13:2 from Prehistoric Days 17:4 City Milk Business (cartoon) 12:3 Decommissioning Orangeburg Civil War Diaries 5:4 Museum 19:1 Civil War Letterhead (pic) 17:2 Defender, The (P. Hoffman) 6:3 Clarkstown Country Club, DeNoyelles, John 1:1 Impressions of Dr. Bernard 14:4 Development of Medical Practice in Rockland County 5:3 Clarkstown, A History of the DeWint House Public Schools in the Town of 17:3 —cover pic 1:3 Clarkstown Reward Poster 7:3 —pic 9:2 Clarkstown Roads, Early 12:4 —Why a Masonic Shrine 16:1 Claudius Smith, Ballad of MG & 9:1 Diaries, Civil War MG & 5 :4 Clinton and Montgomery, Dingman, Dr. John C. Forts G & 8:1 (cover pic) 5:3 Clinton, George (cover pic) 8:1 Distinguished Visitor (Gov. Clinton, George: New York’s Nelson Rockefeller) Revolutionary Governor 16:3 (cover pic) 9:2 Clinton, Sir Henry 8:1 Dobbs Ferry to Sneden BG & 2:1

17 Doctor, Country 5:3 to Hudson) BG&3:1 Dodge, Ruth Sickles 1352 Frou-Frou in Rockland G & 14:1 Dow, John (his painting of General Tom Thumb & His Lady 18:1 Salisbury House) 11:1 Generous, Patriotic Woman, A 20:1 Draft Board Humor (WWI) 18:3 Ginseng x Elixir of Life Dream to Reality, From 19:2 Glimpses of Yesterday (pix) 20:4 Dunderberg 8:4 Goblin of Dunderberg 8:4 Gothic Revival Home (cover pic) 6:2 Early Clarkstown Roads 12:4 Gravestone Rubbing x Early Home Tour Map 6:2 Preserving Our Heritage Eckerson Blacksmith Shop (pic) 11:2 Ground-breaking Ceremonies Eckerson Farm House 13:2 at New City 18:3 Elixir of Life Grown Gurnee, Walter in Haverstraw 19:3 —Mayor of Chicago 16:4 Enterprise, U.S.S. Battle Flag 4:1 —added notes 17:1 Enterprise’s Flag Flown at Gypsy Queen, The 16:1 New City (pic story) 18:4 Erection of Rockland Hail Storms x Research County BG&1:1 Sidelights Erie x Railroad Is Born, A Hanging of Claudius Smith x The Slote, Piermont (cover) 9:1 Erskinc, Robert—Surveyor 13:3 Harper’s Weekly (cover pic) 10:2 Escape of Sergeant Champe, The 11:4 Hay, Col. Ann Hawkes 10:3 Exploring the Ramapos 5:1 Hay-Smith 10:3 Haverstraw Fabric of State Exhibit 17:1 —Commemoration of 1826 8:3 Farley, James (cover pic) 13:4 —Railroad Warfare at 20:4 —letter from 20:3 —Revoluationary Map of Ferry, The Story of the x Story BG & 15:4 Fire Fighters, Rockland’s 17:1 —Village, Vignettes (WWI) 20:4 First Geographer to the —Village, Vivid Memories Army x Erskine (WWI) 18:2 & 18:4 & 19:2 First Governor of New York 8:1 First Public Record (of Rockland) 4:1 Heated Poker Technique 18:4 Flag Collection (pix) 15:1 Hewitt, Abram Stevens 14:3 Flag Presentation (cover pic) 17:2 High Adventure x Unearthing Data Flag—Girl Scouts 17:2 High Tor Fleet, Hudson River National —Kriven painting 13:3 Defense Reserve 16:2 Hill Family of Clarksville 19:1 Fraud, A Tale of 8:4 Hill Works Shown in New York 17:3 Fremont, John Charles Historian—Budke 15:1 —Commemoration G&4:4 Historians—Review of County’s —House in Tucson 16:1 BG & 3:4 —Monument (cover pic) 8:2 Historical Societies—Yesterday, —Monument (cover pic & Today 18:4 story) 4:3 Historical Society, Consolidation 9:1 From the Mountains to the Historical Society’s American Tappan Zee Flag H:2 (Ramapo Roads History Center (story & pix) 15:2

18 History of Public Schools in Kidnap Plot, Washington’s Clarkstown Township 17:3 BG & 16:4 History, Uses & Abuses 13:4 King’s Highway Headquarters 3:1 History, Uses of State & Local 13:1 Komornick, Anthony x Heated Hoffman,'Cornelius P.—The Poker Defender 6:3 Kriven, David x High Tor Hogenkamp (Martinus) Cemetery 16:1 Larsen, Harold T. 15:2 Homeland Day Celebrations Last Look at Samsondale, A 7:1 —first supplement 16:4 Legend of St. Nicholas 13:4 —second 17:4 Legends of Buried Treasure 18:1 Homes and Houses Leonard (Moses Gage) Memories —Blauvelt, Jacob 15:2 — x Recent Accessions 16:1 —Cornelison-Salisbury 11:1 Letterhead from Civil War (pic) 17:2 —DeWint 1:3 & 9:2 & 16:1 Lexow, Clarence 15:3 —Eckerson Farm 13:2 Lexow Committee (1894) 13:2 —Gothic Revival 6:2 Life With Fcither (pic) .. 13:4 —History Center 15:2 Lincoln (in cover pic) 10:2 —Mapes, H. Pierson 11:2 Lizzie (Hudson River Sloop) 13:3 —Martz, Mrs. Eugene W. 6:2 Loescher, Frederick W. 17:3 —Ferine, Jay 11:2 Longfelloiv, Henry W. (a catamaran) —Rhine, George W. 9:3 11:1 —Robinson, Lillian 5:2 Looking Back 200 Years 20:1 —Salisbury x Cornelison Lord, Eleazar —Samsondale 7:1 —cover pic 1:3 —Smith, William 15:4 x The Slote, Piermont —Spencer (in Piermont) 7:2 Lost Silver Mine x Legends —Tour Map of 6:2 Horse Thief (reward poster) 7:3 "Mad Anthony” Storms Hudson River Stony Point BG & 2:3 —Dobbs Ferry to West Mahan, Adm. Alfred Thayer 10:3 Point BG & 18:2 Maidman, Mr. & Mrs. (cover pic) —Highlands of 19:2 13:3 —National Defense Fleet 16:2 Main Roads to Hudson River in —Naval Battles on BG & 18:4 Town of Ramapo (map) BG & 3:1 —Sloop (pic of model) 9:4 Making of an Aviator (WWI) 17:2 —Sloop, Lizzie 13:3 Mapes, H. Pierson (pic) 11:2 Maps: snippets from LAND­ Ice Cutting 7:3 MARKS 19:1 Immermann, Milton (address by) 18:3 Mariah’s Rock 15:4 Indian Deed Dated 1683, An 16:2 Martz House (Gothic Revival) 6:2 Indian, Wooden (cover pic) 8:4 Masonic Shrine, Why DeWint Insley, Norman (cover pic) 15:4 House Is A 16:1 Interview, The (cover pic) 12:2 Mayor of Chicago: Walter S. Gurnee 16:4 Jail Song x New City Medals of Andre’s Captors BG & 4:2 Jew in Our Colonial Period, The 10:1 Medical Practices in R.C. x Joseph Running Deer (in cover Development of pic) 8:3 Memories of Thiells 16:1

19 Meredith, U. S. S. Governor 16:3 —cover pic 3:2 Noiv and Then and Long Ago 13:1 —at sea 13:3 Nyack (steamboat notice) 11:1 Meyer, Award and Nyack Turnpike Co., Act 11:1 Citation 13:2 & 16:2 Nyackers in Revolutionary Russia 19:4 Midgets x General Tom Thumb Military Court in R.C. (Andre’s Trial) BG & 7:4 Old Wooden Field Roller, The 19:2 Miller, Margery 13:2 Onderdonk House (Piermont) 2:2 Mohawks Dancing on the Lawn 1:3 One Shilling for God (WWII "Mom” (Dr. Bernard’s reminiscense) 17:2 elephant) 14:4 Orange—steamship & broadside 11:1 Montgomery, Fort x Forts Orange & Rockland Counties 1:1 Montgomery, Richard 8:1 Our Cannon Speaks 16:3 Monument to General Fremont 4:3 Owen, Robert 8:3 Moselle River Crossing 8:4 Oxen 18:1 & 20:2 Mountains to the Tappan Zee, From the 3:1 Pattern for Nation, BOCES 17:4 Museum at Orangeburg Paulding Engine Co. of Sparkill 4:2 —Temporary Headquarters Paulding (John) Medal 4:2 3:1 & 3:2 & 4:2 Paulding, Van Wert & Williams 4:2 -—painting by Howard Miller 9:1 Peck, Elisha (Samsondale —decommissioning 19:1 builder) 7:1 Museum, the Permanent Pen Portrait of Yesteryear —preliminary plans 6:1 (Frank Campbell) 17:4 —proposed fireproof building Ferine (Jay) House 11:2 (centerfold) 15:2 Perserverance, Frigate H.M.S. —cover pic 18:3 (cover pic) 3:2 —ground-breaking pix 18:3 Philipse Family x West Side —From Dream to Reality 19:2 Piermont & the Erie x The Slote Museums, pix of Piermont Exchange Pledges —Bear Mountain Historical 9:2 Vault 20:2 —DeWint House 9:2 Pierson Family x Ramapo and — 9:2 Pioneer Designer of Skyscrapers 18:3 —TZ Historical, Orangeburg Place Names G & 4:1 Special 1961 Pledge $3,000 x Piermont Music Club Performs with Poems by Mary Nims Bolles 18:1 Elephants 14:4 Point of Mountains x Yesterday Portrait of Columbus 9:3 Nagging Problem in Clarkstown 7:3 Powder-horn Napoleon (Destiny’s Tot) x Sloat —in History 2:4 National Defense Reserve Fleet —the Isaac Post 2:4 x Hudson River Preserving Our Heritage 17:2 National Election Voting Pattern 16:3 Prisoners of War at Camp Naval Battles on the Hudson Shanks 6:4 BG & 18:4 Prologue to Rockland History New City Jail (song) 3:2 MG & 9:4 New City Was A Winter Resort 13:3 Provost, Mrs. William (cover New York’s Revolutionary War pic) 12:1

20 Public Record, First Rockland 4:1 Yesterday and Today 18:4 Public Schools x History of —Historians, A Review BG & 3:4 Pung, A (cover pic) 15:4 —History Center 15:2 Purpose of Tappan Zee Historical •—From Dream to Reality 19:2 Society 1:1 —History, Prologue to 9:4 Putnam, Major General Israel 8:1 —165th Anniversary 7:2 —175th Anniversary 17:2 —Roman Catholic Church In 17:3 Queen of Yachts 18:2 —added notes 17:4 Quilt —In Washington’s Day 16:1 —Bicentennial 20:1 & 2 Rockland Lake 7:3 & 13:1 —1854 Album 20:2 Rockland’s Fire Fighters 17:1 Rocks of Rockland 2:1 Roller, The Old Wooden Field 19:2 Railroad Is Born A (Erie) 11:3 Roman Catholic Church in Railroad, Erie x Slote Rockland 17:3 Railroad Warfare at Haverstraw 20:4 —added notes 17:4 Ramapaugh Area x Suffern Round-Up Time in Nyack Ramapo and the Pierson (cover pic) 10:1 Family BG & 3:3 Russia, Nyackers in Ramapo Mts. to T.Z. x From Revolutionary 19:4 Ramapo (old map) BG & 3:3 Russian Music and Dance 17:1 Ramapos, Exploring the 5:1 Ruth, Babe 13:1 & 13:2 Recollections—Rockland Lake Landing 13:1 Recollections (Regolo Saint Nicholas x St. Nicholas Venturini) 14:3 Salisbury House x Cornelison Reconnaisance Balloons (Civil Samsondale, A Last Look at 7:1 War) 18:3 Serven, James E. (pic) 14:4 Red Cross at Camp Shanks 6:4 —Wrangler Award to 17:3 Reflections on Historical Shanks, Camp (cover pic & story) 6:4 Societies 12:1 —Commemoration 7:1 Reformed Church at Tappan 19:3 Sherwood, Harold T. (1898- Research Sidelights: Hail Storms 16:3 1975) 19:1 Reserve Fleet x Hudson River Silver Mine, Lost x Legends Reverter Clauses 13:4 Sinatra, Frank (at Camp Shanks) 6:4 Rhine (George W.) Home (pic) 9:3 Sisco, Harry 20:2 Roads, Early Clarkstown 12:4 Sister Forts on the Popolopen Roads (in Ramapo to Hudson) 3:1 (Clinton & Montgomery) 8:1 Robinson (Lillian) House Skyscraper Designer x Pioneer (cover) 5:2 Sloat, John Drake G & 10:4 Rockefeller, Nelson A. (cover) 9:2 Sloops x Hudson River Rockland County Slote, Piermont & the Erie RR 20:3 —BOCES: Pattern for Nation 17-:4 Smith, Bill—Award Pic 11:2 —Erection of BG & 1:1 Smith, Christenah (portrait) 11:1 —Fire Fighters 17:1 Smith (Claudius) Ballad —Historical Societies of MG & 9:1 Consolidation 9:1 & 20:3 Smith, Isaac—Entrepreneur 4:3 —Historical Societies of Smith, Joshua Hett 10:3

21 Smith, Judge William 10:3 Taverns, Comments on Early 5:1 Smith (William) House 15:4 "There but for . . 20:1 Snedcn’s Landing and Thiells, Memories of 16:1 Piermont Area 2:1 Tidal Wave x Queen of Yachts Sneden’s Landing x Ferry Timeless Hudson, The (cover Snedens, Wartime Treatment of 19:1 pic) 8:3 Snuff Boxes (cover pic) 15:3 Tom Thumb (General) & His Society’s Accessions Policy 17:1 Lady 18:1 SPECIAL ISSUES: Tome, The (poem) 20:3 Fund Drive May-June 1961 Tour, Early Homes (Map) 6:2 Membership Drive Sept.-Oct. 1961 Tour, Spencer House 7:2 Washington-Carleton Touro Synagogue 10:1 Commemorative May 1958Tragedy of Major Andre 15:3 Spencer House, Piermont (cover) 7:2 Travels of 16:1 Spiral Railway at Dunderberg 8:4 Traverson’s Wooden Indian 8:4 Spring Valley H. S. Class of Treason in the Hudson Valley 18:2 1902 19:2 Treason House (pic) 10:3 Squadron Farm, The 14:3 Treason House Marker (pic) 11:2 Steamboat Nyack 11:1 Trustees of Historical Societies 13:2 St. Nicholas —with Black Peter (cover) 7:1 Ullmann, Daniel MG & 14:2 —The Legend of 7:1 & 13:4 Unearthing Data About Man 18:3 —photo of 13:1 Uses of State & Local History 13:1 -—A Visit from 9:4 Uses and Abuses of History 13:4 Stone Crusher, Drawing of 12:4 Stony Point Battlefield Museum 9:2 Van Blarcom Rose, The 18:3 Stony Point, "Mad Anthony’’ Van Houten, Rulif C. 15:4 Storms BG & 2:3 Vanished Industry (cover pic) 6:1 Story of the Ferry, The BG & 2:1 Van Orden, Silas MG & 12:1 Stubborn Mule and Balky Horse 16:4 Van Wert x Paulding Suffern and the Ramapaugh Venturini Canes 19:2 Area 11:4 Venturini Recollections 14:3 —John Suffern, Founder Vignettes of Haverstraw —Crossroads for Washington (WWI) 20:4 Suffern, John 5:1 Vivid Memories of Haverstraw —silhouette of BG & 11:4 (WWI) 18:2 & 18:4 & 19:2 Suffern x Yesterday Voorhees, Stephen Francis Suffern’s Tavern (pic) BG & 5:1 x Pioneer Designer Surveys by Erskine (map) 13:3 Voorhis, William Synagogue 10:1 — x Catamaran — x General Tom Thumb Tappan Reformed Church — x Queen of Yachts (cover) 19:3 Voting Patterns in Elections 16:3 Tappan Zee Bridge (in cover pic) 8:3 Wartime Treatment of Snedens 19:1 Tappan Zee Historical Society Washington-Carleton —Consolidation 9:1 & 20:3 Celebration G & 2:3 —museum (pic) 9:2 —Commemoration Special 1958 —Purpose of 1:1 Washington, George

22 —in Rockland BG & 1:3 Winter Harvest (ice cutting) 7:3 —cover pic 2:2 Winter Resort (New City) 13:3 —silhouette of BG 11:4 Wooden Indian (cover pic & —Kidnap Plot BG 16:4 story 8:4 —Travels of 16:1 World War I Wayside Chapel 11:1 —Victory Arch (cover pic) 19:2 Wedding Gown of Admiral’s —Vignettes of Haverstraw 20:4 Lady 10:3 —Vivid Memories West Side of the Hudson of 18:2 & 18:4 & 19:2 Holdings 19:3 Wrangler Award to Severn 17:3 What So Proudly We Hailed (musical score) 15:4 YANKEE PEDDLER White, J. Dupratt .. 16:2 4:4 6:3 8:3 11:3 12:2 13:2 14:3 17:4 Why the DeWint House is a Yesterday Point of the Mountains: Masonic Shrine 16:1 Today Suffern 1:4 Williams, David x Paulding Young Man’s Diary, A (Civil Williams, Roger 10:1 War) MG & 5:4

The Historical Society of Rockland County announces with pleasure its plans to publish THE TONETTI YEARS AT SNEDENS LANDING by Isabelle K. Saveli After Before Dec. 1 5 Dec. 1 5 Clothbound $1 1.50 $9.50 Paperbound $ 7.95 $6.95

HOLIDAY GIFT ORDERS ARE BEING ACCEPTED for Wilfred B. Talman’s 3 00-page illustrated and indexed Hojv Things Began —in Rockland and Places Nearby. As this treasure-trove of local history has faced a number of unavoidable delays in printing and will not be available until early in 1977, the society is ready to send holiday gift cards to designated recipients to notify them of the gift and to forward the book as soon as it is received from the publisher. The holiday price is $12.50 and includes both sales tax and mailing. Orders, accompanied by checks made out to the Historical Society of Rockland County, may be mailed to Box 495, New City, N.Y. 10956 or arranged at the society’s gift shop in the Jacob Blauvelt House.

23 Every Wednesday and Sunday from 2 to 5 p.m. the Jacob Blauvelt House, the grounds and the museum building are open. Special tours are available by appointment: telephone 634-9629. Besides the authen­ tically restored rooms in the Blauvelt House, the new look of the grounds and the exhibits in the museum, visitors may enjoy browsing through the society’s Blauvelt House Gift Shop, which features maps, publications and a variety of items suitable for holiday giving.

DATES TO REMEMBER Dec. 4 (Sat.) ST. NICHOLAS FESTIVAL, Susan Colby, ch. one day only assisted by Mrs. Joseph Dodge. at 10—11: :30— 1—2:30—4:3G Dec. 11 & 12 Exhibit of doll houses, courtesy of Mrs. H. B. (Sat. & Sun.) Sherry, and of four rooms in the Jacob Blauvelt both days, 1-5 p.m. House, especially planned for the holiday season. 18 & 19 Dec. 15 (Wed.) DONATION DAY at the A & P with the com­ pany’s contributing 5% of all sales to society members (please present identification card to clerk at check-out counter) : stores include those, in Haverstraw, Mahwah, Montvale, New City, Nyack, Park Ridge and Suffern. The Rockland County Choral Society (Philip Hagemann director) will per­ form Carl Orff’s Carmina Burana at Clarkstown Junior High School, West Nyack, at 8:30 December 4. The program will also include Hindemuth’s In Praise of Music and a Hagemann work, Star Songs, a composition for women’s voices based on poems by Sarah Teasdale.

Compliments of ... Member F.D.I.C. NANUET NATIONAL BANK Main office: call 623-9300 “The Friendly Bank” with nine 168 So. Main St., Nanuet Rockland locations AND

21-23 NORTH BROADWAY, NYACK, NEW YORK Chartered. Savings AND LOAN ASSOCIATION