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<Em>Orientocardiochiles</Em>, a New Genus of Cardiochilinae

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<Em>Orientocardiochiles</Em>, a New Genus of Cardiochilinae University of Kentucky UKnowledge Entomology Faculty Publications Entomology 9-24-2020 Orientocardiochiles, a New Genus of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species from Malaysia and Vietnam Ilgoo Kang Louisiana State University Khuat Dang Long Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, Vietnam Michael J. Sharkey University of Kentucky, [email protected] James B. Whitfield University of Illinois Nathan P. Lord Louisiana State University Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_facpub Part of the Entomology Commons Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Repository Citation Kang, Ilgoo; Long, Khuat Dang; Sharkey, Michael J.; Whitfield, James B.; and Lord, Nathan P., "Orientocardiochiles, a New Genus of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species from Malaysia and Vietnam" (2020). Entomology Faculty Publications. 199. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_facpub/199 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Entomology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Orientocardiochiles, a New Genus of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species from Malaysia and Vietnam Digital Object Identifier (DOI) https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.971.56571 Notes/Citation Information Published in ZooKeys, v. 971. © 2020 Ilgoo Kang, Khuat Dang Long, Michael J. Sharkey, James B. Whitfield, Nathan .P Lord. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8996028A-43C1-4B47-A4A5-CBAD2A39EBE3 This article is available at UKnowledge: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_facpub/199 ZooKeys 971: 1–15 (2020) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.971.56571 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Orientocardiochiles, a new genus of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with descriptions of two new species from Malaysia and Vietnam Ilgoo Kang1, Khuat Dang Long2, Michael J. Sharkey3, James B. Whitfield4, Nathan P. Lord1 1 Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 404 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA 2 Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam 3 Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Kentucky, USA 4 Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA Corresponding author: Ilgoo Kang ([email protected]) Academic editor: Kees van Achterberg | Received 15 July 2020 | Accepted 30 August 2020 | Published 24 September 2020 http://zoobank.org/8996028A-43C1-4B47-A4A5-CBAD2A39EBE3 Citation: Kang I, Long KD, Sharkey MJ, Whitfield JB, Lord NP (2020)Orientocardiochiles , a new genus of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with descriptions of two new species from Malaysia and Vietnam. ZooKeys 971: 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.971.56571 Abstract For the first time in 21 years, a new genus of cardiochiline braconid wasp,Orientocardiochiles Kang & Long, gen. nov. (type species Orientocardiochiles joeburrowi Kang, sp. nov.), is discovered and described. This genus represents the ninth genus in the Oriental region. Two new species O.( joeburrowi Kang, sp. nov. and O. nigrofasciatus Long, sp. nov.) are described and illustrated, and a key to species of the genus, with detailed images, is added. Diagnostic characters of the new genus are analyzed and compared with several other cardiochiline genera to allow the genus to key out properly using an existing generic treat- ment. The scientific names validated by this paper and morphological data obtained from this project will be utilized and tested in the upcoming genus-level revision of the subfamily based on combined morpho- logical and molecular data. Keywords Malaysia, morphology, parasitoid wasp, taxonomy, type species, Vietnam Copyright Ilgoo Kang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 2 Ilgoo Kang et al. / ZooKeys 971: 1–15 (2020) Introduction Cardiochilinae Ashmead, 1900 is a relatively small subfamily of Braconidae Nees, 1811, comprising 221 described species in 16 genera (Yu et al. 2016) and with five of these species recently described (Edmardash et al. 2018; Long et. al. 2019; Dabek et al. 2020). The distribution of the members of the subfamily is cosmopolitan, with the highest diversity in tropical and arid regions (Dangerfield et al. 1999). Members of eight genera are known from the Oriental region, including the introduced genus, Tox- oneuron (Say, 1836) (Dangerfield et al. 1999). Four cardiochiline braconid genera are known from Malaysia: Bohayella Belokobylskij, 1987; Cardiochiles Nees, 1819; Harte- mita Cameron, 1910; and Psilommiscus Enderlein, 1912 (Dangerfield et al. 1999). In Vietnam, four genera, Bohayella, Cardiochiles, Hartemita, and Austrocardiochiles Dan- gerfield, Austin & Whitfield, 1999, are reported (Dangerfield et al. 1999; Long and Belokobylskij 2003; Long and van Achterberg 2011a, b, 2014; Long et al. 2019). Orientocardiochiles Kang & Long, gen. nov. represents the 17th genus in the world, the ninth genus in the Oriental region, and the fifth genus in both Malaysia and Vietnam. Females of the subfamily are known as solitary koinobiont endoparasitoids of lepi- dopteran larvae, laying only one egg in each host and allowing the host to continue its development while parasitized. Larvae of Pyralidae and Noctuidae, among other families, are typically hosts and include important crop pests such as the tobacco bud- worm, Heliothis virescens (Fabricius, 1777), and cotton bollworm, Heliocoverpa armig- era (Hübner, 1808) (Huddleston and Walker 1988). Of the 13 cardiochiline species of Vietnam’s fauna, one species, Cardiochiles philippensis Ashmead, 1905, is reported as an endoparasitoid reared from larvae of the rice leaf-folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (Long and Belokobylskij 2003). Materials and methods The type specimens for the present work were provided by the Braconidae Collection of the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR: Ha Noi, Vietnam), the Hyme- noptera Institute (HIC: 116 Franklin Ave., Redlands, California, USA), and Museums Victoria (MVMA: Melbourne, Victoria, Australia). Other materials were borrowed from HIC and Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS: Champaign, Illinois, USA). All HIC material will be deposited in the Canadian National Collection of Insects (CNC: Ottawa, Ontario, Canada), including the holotype of Orientocardiochiles joeburrowi Kang sp. nov. and the holotype of Orientocardiochiles nigrofasciatus Long, sp. nov. is housed in IEBR. The morphological terminology mostly follows Dangerfield et al. (1999) and van Achterberg (1993). Morphological terminology can also be checked at the Hymenop- tera Ontology website (http://portal.hymao.org/projects/32/public/ontology/). Terms for sculpture are based on Harris (1979), and wing vein terminology mostly follows the modified Comstock-Needham system (van Achterberg 1993). Definitions of the mor- phological measurements used in this study are mostly based on van Achterberg (1988). Orientocardiochiles, a new genus of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) 3 For the specimen of O. joeburrowi sp. nov., morphological analysis was conducted us- ing a Leica MZ75 stereomicroscope. Color habitus images were captured using a Visionary Digital BK Plus imaging system (Dun, Inc.), equipped with a Canon EOS 5DS R DSLR camera. Images were stacked in Zerene Stacker v. 1.04 (Zerene Systems LLC.). All images were made by IK and edited in Adobe Photoshop CS 6 (Adobe Systems, Inc). Body parts of the specimen were also measured using Adobe Photoshop CS 6 (Adobe Systems, Inc). For the specimen of O. nigrofasciatus sp. nov., morphological analysis was conducted using an Olympus SZ61 binocular microscope; measurement were carried out using an Olympus SZ40 binocular microscope; the photographs were produced by KDL with a Sony 5000 digital camera attached to a Nikon SMZ 800N binocular microscope at IEBR and processed with Adobe Photoshop CS5 to adjust the size and background. Abbreviations used in this paper are as follows: POL: distance between posterior ocelli; OOL: distance between posterior ocelli and eye; OD: diameter of posterior ocel- lus; T1: first metasomal tergum; T2: second metasomal tergum; T3: third metasomal tergum; MT: Malaise trap; “Card. + number”: code number indexing for specimens of the Cardiochilinae in the collection at IEBR; NP: National Park, S: South. The key to species ofOrientocardiochiles gen. nov. and descriptions of the two species are based on females. Distribution maps were produced using QGIS 3.10.0 (QGIS Development Team 2019). Google satellite maps were downloaded via the QuickMapServices plugin. Results Taxonomy Orientocardiochiles Kang & Long, gen. nov. http://zoobank.org/B3CD416F-0231-46D0-92F9-9EDD6A6B7204
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