International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

ISO TC 46/ SC 9 WG5 N 33.REV Date: revised 2005-04-22 [distributed via ISSN-L on 2005-04-22]

ISO/WD 3297.3 rev

ISO TC 46/SC 9/WG 5

Secretariat: SCC

Information and documentation — International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

Information et documentation — Numéro international normalisé des publications en série (ISSN)

Warning

This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.

This ISO document is a working draft or committee draft and is copyright-protected by ISO. While the reproduction of working drafts or committee drafts in any form for use by participants in the ISO standards development process is permitted without prior permission from ISO, neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for any other purpose without prior written permission from ISO.

Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.org

Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.

Violators may be prosecuted.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Contents [to be updated according to the revised content of the standard] Page

1 Scope ...... 1 2 Normative references ...... 1 3 Definitions ...... 1 4 Construction of ISSN ...... 3 5 The tissn ...... 4 6 Assignment of ISSN...... 4 6.1 ISSN ...... 4 7 Assignment of tissn...... 5 7.1 A tissn shall be assigned only by an authorized ISSN centre or other agent of the ISSN Network registered by the International ISSN Centre...... 5 7.3. The tissn shall use the same eight digits as the first ISSN assigned to a title but it will always be preceded by the letters “tissn”. The tissn will recorded as a separate data element in ISSN records and will therefore exist in a distinct namespace...... 5 8 Copyright...... 5 9 Printing and display of ISSN and tissn...... 5 9.1 General ...... 5 9.2 Display of ISSN on printed continuing resources ...... 6 9.3 Display of ISSN on electronic continuing resources and on other non-print media ...... 6 10 Metadata ...... 6 10.1 ISSN metadata...... 6 10.2 Metadata required for ISSN assignment ...... 7 11 Fees...... 7 12 Administration of the ISSN system...... 7 13 Annex A (normative) Roles and responsibilities of the ISSN centres...... 8 Annex B (normative) Check digit for ISSN...... 9 Annex C (normative) Metadata ...... 10 C.1 General...... 10 C.3 ISSN metadata ...... 11 Annex D (informative) Use of ISSN in other identification systems ...... 12 D. 1. General...... 12 D. 2. DOI and ISSN ...... 12 Syntax and Examples ...... 12 Normalization Rules ...... 12 Usage Scenario(s)...... 12 D.3 InfoURI and ISSN...... 13 D. 4. OpenURL and ISSN ...... 13 D.4.1 OpenURL 1.0 and ISSN ...... 13

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Key/Value Format...... 13 XML Format...... 13 D.4.2 OpenURL 0.1 and ISSN ...... 14 D.5 URN and ISSN...... 14 Usage Scenario(s)...... 15 Annex E (informative) Use of tissn in other identification systems...... 16 E. 1 General ...... 16 E. 4 OpenURL and tissn ...... 17 E. 4.1 OpenURL 1.0 and tissn ...... 17 Key/Value Format...... 18 XML Format...... 18 E.4.2 OpenURL 0.1 and tissn ...... 18 Syntax and Examples ...... 19 Normalization rules...... 19

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

ISO 3297 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee SC 9, Identification and description.

This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 3297:1998), of which the entire text has been reorganized. This edition clarifies and confirms that different media versions of a continuing resource are assigned different ISSN. In recognition of the increasing need in the digital environment to collocate as well as differentiate media versions, this edition of the standard introduces a mechanism, the “tissn,” for the purpose of supporting the development of services (such as OpenURL resolution) that offer users search and delivery functionality across all media versions. The assignment of a common ISSN (the “tissn”) to the different media versions in addition to their unique ISSN addresses this need.

Annexes A to C of this International Standard are normative. Annex D is for information.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Introduction

The need for a brief, unique and unambiguous identification code for serials and other continuing resources is internationally recognized. The exchange of information between computer systems of different organizations, such as users (libraries, abstracting services and others), suppliers or distributors, and publishers and producers, imposes the requirement for a standard code. Communication between the different organizations transcends national boundaries and therefore requires an international code which is numeric, since no single alphabet is used by the majority of producers and users of serials. In response to these requirements, the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) was established as the identification code for serials.

The International Serials Data System (ISDS) was established in 1970, as an inter-governmental organization within the framework of the UNESCO/UNISIST programme to be the designated authority for controlling the assignment of ISSN. In 1993, the ISDS has since become the ISSN Network.

The three first editions of this standard pertained only to serials. However, in 2002 a new category of resources, “continuing resources” was defined by the library community to encompass new kinds of resources, such as updating Web sites, as well as traditional serials. Thus the scope of this fourth edition has been broadened to cover serials as well as other continuing resources.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Information and documentation — International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

1 Scope

The purpose of this International Standard is to define and promote the use of a standard code (ISSN) for the unique identification of serials and other continuing resources. Each International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) is a unique identifier for a specific serial or other continuing resource in a defined medium. This standard also describes a mechanism, the “tissn,” that provides a direct link between (common identifier for) different media versions of the same title. This can therefore be used for collocation at the title level without regard to medium.

ISSN are applicable to the entire population of serials and to ongoing integrating resources, whether past, present or to be published or produced in the foreseeable future, whatever the medium of publication or production. All serials are eligible for an ISSN; not all ongoing integrating resources are eligible for an ISSN1). Individual monographs, sound and video recordings, printed music publications, audiovisual works and musical works have their own numbering systems and are not specifically mentioned in this International Standard. Such items may carry an ISSN in addition to their own standard numbers when they are part of a continuing resource. More detailed operational guidance is provided in the ISSN Manual available from the Registration Authority for this International Standard2).

2 Normative references

The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 4:1997, Information and documentation — Rules for the abbreviation of title words and titles of publications

3 Definitions

For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.

1) A list of types of ongoing integrating resources which are not eligible for ISSN assignment is maintained on the ISSN International Centre Web site at http://www.issn.org and in the ISSN Manual

2) ISSN International Centre, 20, rue Bachaumont, 75002 Paris, France. Telephone: (33 1) 44 88 22 20. Telefax: (33 1) 40 26 32 43.

E-mail: [email protected]. Web site: http://www.issn.org.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

3.1 continuing resource A publication that is issued over time with no predetermined conclusion and made available to the public in any product form. Such a publication is usually issued in successive or integrating issues which generally have numerical and/or chronological designations.

NOTE - Continuing resources include serials such as newspapers, periodicals, journals, magazines, etc. and ongoing integrating resources such as loose-leaf publications that are continually updated and Web sites that are continually updated.

[French term: ressource continue]

3.2 serial A continuing resource in any medium issued in a succession of discrete issues or parts, usually bearing numbering, that has no predetermined conclusion.

NOTE - Examples of serials include journals, magazines, electronic journals, ongoing directories, annual reports, newspapers, and monographic series.

[French term: publication en série]

3.3 ongoing integrating resource A continuing resource that is added to or changed by means of updates that do not remain discrete and are integrated into the whole and made available to the public in any product form. Ongoing integrating resources have no predetermined conclusion.

NOTE - Examples of ongoing integrating resources include data bases, Web sites, loose-leafs that are updated over time with no predetermined conclusion.

[French term: ressource intégratrice continue]

3.4 ISSN International Standard Serial Number Eight digit number, including a check digit and preceded by the alphabetic prefix ISSN, assigned to a continuing resource by the ISSN Network

[French term: ISSN, Numéro international normalisé des publications en série]

3.5 ISSN Network The collective entity comprised of the ISSN International Centre, the ISSN national and regional centres, and any other agencies authorized by the ISSN International Centre for the purpose of administering the assignment of ISSN.

[French term: Réseau ISSN]

3.6 key title Unique name assigned to a continuing resource by the ISSN Network and inseparably linked with its ISSN.

NOTE - The key title may be the same as the resource’s title ; or, in order to achieve uniqueness, it can be constructed by the addition of identifying and/or qualifying elements such as name of issuing body, place of publication, edition statement, etc.

[French term: titre clé]

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

3.7 title proper The chief title of a continuing resource, i.e., the title in the form in which it appears on the title page or the title page substitute.

[French term: titre propre]

3.8 tissn The ISSN that has been designated by an ISSN centre to function also in the tissn namespace to provide a direct link between (common identifier for) different media versions of the same title and thereby enable collocation at the title level.

Note – operational guidance covering assignment procedures and applicable defined media can be found in the ISSN Manual.

3.9 ISSN metadata The descriptive data recorded as part of the ISSN assignment process that provides elements by which the resource is identified and distinguished from other resources.

3.10 ISSN Register The international database which registers each ISSN assigned to continuing resources and their corresponding records.

4 Construction of ISSN

An ISSN shall consist of eight digits, in arabic numerals 0 to 9, except for the last digit (extreme right, low- order position) which can also use the upper case letter X. The last digit shall be the check digit. The check digit shall be calculated on a modulus 11 basis with weights 8 to 2, using X in lieu of 10 where 10 would occur as a check digit. (See Annex B for further details).

Since ISSN are likely to be used in the same context as codes designed for other purposes, such as the International Standard Book Number (ISBN) or local control numbers, the written or printed presentation of ISSN shall clearly distinguish ISSN from other numbering systems. Therefore, an ISSN shall be preceded by the prefix ISSN and a space, and shall appear as two groups of four digits separated by a hyphen as in the following examples.

A tissn shall consist of the eight-digits of the designated ISSN preceded by the prefix tissn and a space, and shall appear as two groups of four digits separated by a hyphen, as in the following examples. Note that when the tissn is used with other identifiers or systems, as in OpenURL constructions, for example, specific syntax requirements will apply. (See Annex F).

EXAMPLES:

ISSN 0251-1479 (ISSN of the print version, which has been designated to also function as the tissn)

ISSN 1050-124X (ISSN of the online version) tissn 0251-1479

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

5 The tissn

Different media versions of the same title are assigned their own ISSN in accordance with current operational guidelines. To support the development of services offering user search and delivery functionality across all media versions a tissn shall also be assigned. No separate metadata record will be created for the tissn: it will be recorded as a data element in the tissn field of all the metadata records to which it pertains to enable collocation.

5.1 The ISSN assigned to the first media version of a title to be registered shall be designated as the tissn.

5.2 The tissn shall be a mandatory element in the metadata recorded for each title assigned an ISSN.

5.3 The tissn shall be written in lower case with(out?) a hyphen thus “tissn” (or t-issn)

5.4 The tissn may be used by parties external to the ISSN network as a component in other global identifiers such as the OpenURL or DOI. Informational Annexe F gives fuller details and examples of such usage.

6 Assignment of ISSN

6.1 ISSN

6.1.1 An ISSN shall be assigned only by an authorized ISSN centre or other agent registration agency of the ISSN Network, as registered by the ISSN International Centre,

6..1.2 Required metadata about the continuing resource to which an ISSN is assigned shall be collected and submitted by the member of the ISSN network to the central register of the ISSN Network within the timeframe established by the ISSN International Centre.

6.1.3 Each distinct serial publication shall be assigned only one ISSN in accordance with the ISSN Manual.

6.1.4 Only one ISSN shall be assigned to a continuing resource in a specific medium.

6.1.5 Each ISSN shall be permanently linked to the key title established by the ISSN centre at the time of registration.

6.1.6 When a distinct continuing resource exists within another continuing resource, whatever the form of presentation (e.g. an insert), each shall receive its own individual key title and ISSN.

6.1.7 When a serial publication is published in different media, with the same title or not, different ISSN and key titles shall be assigned to the different editions.

NOTE — Microreproductions produced for the purpose of providing surrogates for the original materials are the exception and shall use the ISSN of the original serials.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

6.1.8 In cases where the title of the serial publication undergoes a major change, a new ISSN and a new key title shall be assigned.

6.1.9 Once an ISSN has been assigned to a continuing resource, it shall not be altered, replaced or reused for another publication.

6.1.10 The assignment of an ISSN to a serial publication, regardless of its form, shall not imply any meaning or legal evidence with regard to the ownership of rights to that publication or its contents.

7 Assignment of tissn

7.1 A tissn shall be assigned only by an authorized ISSN centre or other agent of the ISSN Network registered by the International ISSN Centre.

7.2 All titles shall be assigned a tissn upon first registration, even if the title only exists in one medium. Only one tissn shall be assigned regardless of how many different media versions of a title exist.

7.3. The tissn shall use the same eight digits as the first ISSN assigned to a title but it will always be preceded by the letters “tissn”. The tissn will recorded as a separate data element in ISSN records and will therefore exist in a distinct namespace.

Note: Because different media versions of a title can fall under the jurisdictions of different ISSN centres, the tissn will not necessarily be the lowest ISSN in the group of ISSN assigned to different media versions of a title.

8 Copyright

No copyright shall subsist in the assignment of ISSN or in its use in association with, or in place of, the resources they represent.

9 Printing and display of ISSN and tissn

9.1 General

ISSN shall be presented as two groups of four digits separated by a hyphen and shall always be preceded by the prefix ISSN and a space (see also clause 4).

The ISSN shall be displayed in a prominent position on or in the first issue and on or in each subsequent issue of serials; or on or in each iteration of other continuing resources.

If a publication bears an ISSN as well as another standard number, such as an ISBN for a volume of a series, the two numbers shall appear together and each number shall be identified by its own prefix: ISSN and ISBN or another appropriate prefix (see ISO 7275).

When more than one ISSN appears on a single publication in relation to different serial titles, for example the titles of a main series and its subseries, each ISSN shall appear on the serial publication and each shall be distinguished by either adding the full or abbreviated title in parentheses after the relevant number, or by printing each ISSN as close as possible to the relevant title. When a serial publication contains another serial publication as an insert with a separate title page, the ISSN for the insert shall be printed on that title page, or in some other appropriate place on the insert.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

When serials or other continuing resources are produced in different media, and different ISSN and key titles are assigned, the related ISSN may also be displayed on or in the serials or other continuing resources, each with additional, distinguishing information, as follows:

EXAMPLE

ISSN 1562-6865 (Online)

ISSN 1063-7710 (Print) add examples of tissn or

Online edition: ISSN 1562-6865

Print edition: ISSN 1063-7710 add examples of tissn

9.2 Display of ISSN on printed continuing resources

The ISSN shall be printed in a prominent position on each printed issue of a continuing resource in the following order of preference: front cover, title page, caption, masthead, back cover, colophon or editorial pages.

The ISSN shall, whenever possible, appear in the top right-hand corner of the front cover. In the case of tête- bêche publications (i.e. when two texts are bound together in inverted relation to each other), the appropriate ISSN shall be printed on both covers (or title pages, captions, mastheads, colophons, editorial pages).

9.3 Display of ISSN on electronic continuing resources and on other non-print media

On a continuing resource published on microfiche, the ISSN shall be entered in the identification area of the header of the microfiche and/or the labels (see ISO 5123).

On a continuing resource published in an electronic medium (e.g. online continuing resource, CD-ROM), the ISSN shall appear on the title screen or failing it, on the main menu, and, if applicable, on any labels permanently affixed to the publication. If it is not possible to display the ISSN on the item or its label, the ISSN shall be displayed on the container.

For online continuing resources using embedded metadata elements sets, the ISSN shall be included in the “Identifier” or equivalent element of such metadata.

9.4 Display of tissn

It is anticipated that the tissn will generally be used for systems to identify and link related media versions of titles to offer user services. Annexe F gives examples of its use alongside other global identifiers. It is considered unlikely to be of use for human-readable purposes.

10 Metadata

10.1 ISSN metadata

The ISSN records, in the International Centre and regional and national centres, contain a common set of descriptive metadata (see annex C).

The list of metadata may be augmented with additional elements if needed for national, regional or international purposes.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

10.1.1 Key title

The key title is established or authenticated by the ISSN centre responsible for the registration of the continuing resource, in accordance with the rules given in the ISSN Manual 3). The key title is derived from the title information appearing on the title page or its equivalent of the print publication or from the most complete information on the non-print resources at the time of registration. The key title is the same title as the title proper, if this title is unique in the ISSN Register at the time of registration. If this title is not unique, the key title is the title proper to which a qualifying term is added (such as name of issuing body, place and/or date of publication, edition statement or medium statement), in order to make the resulting key title unique.

All key titles are listed in the ISSN Register together with their ISSN. Key titles in non-roman alphabets shall be romanized according to ISO standards or, in the absence of ISO standards, national standards.

10.1.2 Exchange format for ISSN metadata

For the exchange of ISSN metadata, the ISSN Network utilizes international standard formats such as ISO 2709.

10.2 Metadata required for ISSN assignment

Metadata are required, in addition to copies of continuing resources, for the assignment of ISSN.

11 Fees

ISSN are assigned free of charge.

12 Administration of the ISSN system

The Registration Authority for this International Standard shall be the ISSN International Centre. The ISSN Network shall be supervised, coordinated and administered by the ISSN International Centre.

The principal tasks of the ISSN International Centre and of ISSN national and regional centres are specified in Annex A.

3) The ISSN Manual is available from the ISSN International Centre.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

13 Annex A (normative)

Roles and responsibilities of the ISSN centres

Being drafted by ISSN IC and SC9 Secretariat.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Annex B (normative)

Check digit for ISSN

The check digit helps guard against errors resulting from improper data transcription. The check digit is particularly effective in detecting transposition errors. The check digit used in the ISSN is calculated on a Modulus 11 basis using weights 8 to 2, as indicated in the following table.

Procedure Example

Step 1 Take the first seven digits of the ISSN (the check digit 0 3 1 7 8 4 7 is the eighth and last digit).

Step 2 Apply the constant weighting factors (8 to 2) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 associated with each digit.

Step 3 Multiply each digit by its associated weighting factor 0 3 1 7 8 4 7 (e.g. 0 × 8; 3 × 7; 1 × 6; etc.). x 8 7 6 5 4 3 2

= 0 21 6 35 32 12 14

Step 4 Sum the products of these multiplications. 0 + 21 + 6 + 35 + 32 + 12 + 14 = 120

Step 5 Divide this sum by the modulus 11 to find the 120 ÷ 11 = 10 and a remainder of 10 remainder.

Step 6 Subtract the remainder from 11 to generate the 11 - 10 = 1 required check digit. If the check digit is 10, generate a check digit of X. If there is no remainder, generate a check digit of 0 (zero).

Step 7 Append the check digit to create the eight-digit 0317-8471 International Standard Serial Number (ISSN).

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Annex C (normative)

Metadata

C.1 General

C.1.1 The ISSN centres shall supply the ISSN Register with metadata about the resource to which the ISSN is assigned. The metadata associated with each ISSN assignment shall be maintained by the ISSN centre.

C.1.2 The specifications concerning the type and format of this metadata shall be established by the ISSN International Centre in cooperation with the individual ISSN centres and shall be published in the ISSN Manual.

C.2 Metadata required for ISSN assignment

ISSN assignment is based on the first or earliest issue of the serials, or on the current iteration of the ongoing integrating resources. The corresponding copies of the resources or surrogates are required for the ISSN assignment in addition to the following metadata:

Data element Mandatory Title Yes Country of publication Yes Medium of publication Yes Language of publication Yes Publisher name Yes Publication status (e.g. currently published, discontinued, unknown) Yes Date(s) of publication Yes Frequency Yes Additional physical form entry Preceding entry Succeeding entry Supplement parent entry Supplement/Special issue entry Main series entry Subseries entry Nonspecific relationship entry Other edition entry Varying form of title

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

C.3 ISSN metadata

The ISSN metadata maintained by the ISSN International Centre and national or regional ISSN centres shall include the following :

Data element Mandatory ISSN Yes tissn Yes Key title Yes Country of publication Yes Medium of publication Yes Language of publication Yes Publisher name Yes Name of issuing body(ies), Yes

ISSN centre code Yes Additional physical form entry Yes (if applicable) Preceding entry Yes (if applicable) Succeeding entry Yes (if applicable) Supplement parent entry Yes (if applicable) Supplement/Special issue entry Yes (if applicable) Main series entry Yes (if applicable) Subseries entry Yes (if applicable) Nonspecific relationship entry Yes (if applicable) Other edition entry Yes (if applicable) Electronic location and access Abbreviated key title Varying form of title Title proper Publication status (e.g. currently published, discontinued, unknown)

Date(s) of publication Frequency Type of continuing resource Specific material designation Script of original title Classification (UDC or DDC)

Coden and other codes Citation / References note Original language entry

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Annex D (informative)

Use of ISSN in other identification systems

D. 1. General

ISSN can be used in other identification systems, such as those listed below. However, ISSN use with other identifiers is not limited to the listed identifiers. When ISSN is used with other identifiers it should be for identification of, or linking to, a specific version of a title, e.g., the print version, the online version, the CD- ROM version, as illustrated below. If, however, identification without regard to medium is desired, such as in OpenURL linking where a result set might include full-text of an online article as well as a print version from a library’s catalog, use of the tissn is recommended (See Annex F).

D. 2. DOI and ISSN

The Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a system for identifying content objects in the digital environment. DOIs are names assigned to any entity for use on digital networks. They are used to provide current information, including where they (or information about them) can be found on the Internet. The DOI system is managed by the International DOI Foundation. Further information can be found at http:www.doi.org.

Syntax and Examples

The DOI Syntax is defined by NISO Z39.84 – 2000 Syntax for the Digital Object Identifier. A DOI is composed of a prefix and suffix. The DOI prefix is assigned to an organization by an IDF Registration Agency. The suffix for a DOI is created by the organization depositing the DOI for a content item in the DOI system. An ISSN can be used as the DOI suffix to identify manifestations of continuing resource titles. For example, the print ISSN can be used to identify the print version of a journal.

To construct a DOI suffix using an ISSN, precede the ISSN (including the hyphen) with the lowercase letters “issn” and a period, as in the following example of a DOI for the print version of Nature: doi:10.1038/issn.0028-0836

Normalization Rules

[do any need to be specified?]

Usage Scenario(s)

Reference linking can be accomplished using DOI with embedded ISSN when linking to a specific manifestation (e.g., print, online, CD-ROM) is desired. [more text needed from Ed Pentz]

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

D.3 InfoURI and ISSN

InfoURI is an emerging URI scheme that provides for registered namespaces for bibliographic resources where no established URI exists. Since ISSN is registered as a URN namespace and thus has its own established URI, ISSN should be used in conjunction with URN, not with InfoURI. See Annex F for use of tissn with InfoURI.

D. 4. OpenURL and ISSN

OpenURL is a mechanism to achieve context-sensitive linking by packaging metadata describing a publication of interest to a user, along with other context information about the user or institution, into a URL (the "OpenURL"). The OpenURL is sent to a link resolver, a system that can interpret OpenURLs by taking into account local holdings and access privileges of the user's institution, and display links to appropriate resources (e.g., links to products to which the institutions subscribes), including, for example, full text of an article.

There are currently two versions of the OpenURL standard: a version developed by the National Information Standards Organization (NISO) known as OpenURL 1.0, and an earlier, de facto standard, referred to as OpenURL 0.1. These two versions have significant differences in the way the metadata is encoded and are therefore described in separate sections below.

D.4.1 OpenURL 1.0 and ISSN

OpenURL 1.0 is a NISO (National Information Standards Organization) standard defined by Z39.88-2004: The OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive Services. In the NISO OpenURL framework, various metadata formats have been defined in a registry external to the standard itself. The NISO OpenURL standard is available at: http://www.niso.org/standards/standard_detail.cfm?std_id=783

The NISO 1.0 OpenURL registry is at: http://alcme.oclc.org/openurl/servlet/OAIHandler?verb=ListSets

Syntax and Examples of OpenURL 1.0 and ISSN

In OpenURL 1.0, two methods of encoding the metadata have been defined: key/value pairs, and xml. (Mark I have amended these from tissn – are they applicable here?)

Key/Value Format

http://openrul1.0.edu?issn=9876-5432&volume=3

XML Format

98765432

Normalization

In the Key/Value encoding of OpenURL 1.0 the ISSN should be encoded with the hyphen between the two groups of 4 digits included. In the XML format of OpenURL 1.0 the ISSN should be encoded without the hyphen [Note to Working Group - do we want it to be that way?]

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

D.4.2 OpenURL 0.1 and ISSN

In OpenURL 0.1 the metadata is hard coded into the standard itself. The only encoding format is to encode the parameters as key value pairs in the OpenURL itself. Details on this version of the standard can be found at: http://www.exlibrisgroup.com/sfx_openurl_syntax.htm

Syntax and Examples An example of encoding an issn in the OpenURL 0.1 format is: http://openurl0.1.edu?issn=9876-5432&date=1998&volume=12&issue=2&spage=134

Normalization

In OpenURL 0.1 issn should be encoded with the hyphen between the two groups of 4 digits included. (Mark – please clarify.)

Usage Scenario(s) for OpenURL 1.0 and 0.1 with ISSN

Several library system vendors have developed OpenURL resolver systems which rely on linking from citations to full-text or other services an institution may have access to via the ISSN. At present, many systems allow only one ISSN to be associated with a title in the knowledge base underlying the system. In this case, use of the tissn is recommended. For knowledge bases where multiple ISSN can be associated to a title, the specific manifestation ISSN can be used.

D.5 URN and ISSN

The Uniform Resource Name (URN) is a standardized name for a persistent, location-independent, resource identifier. The URN system is a WC3 (World Wide Web Consortium) standard. The URN has no associated global infrastructure that would enable resolution outside local implementations which have developed their own means of resolution. Further information can be found at: http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2141.html

All URNs include a Namespace Identifier (NID) code and a Namespace Specific String (NSS). The NID indicates the identification system being used for the URN and facilitates the interpretation of the NSS. The NSS is the local code that identifies the individual document (see IETF:RFC 1737, Functional requirements for Uniform Resource Names; IETF: RFC 2141, URN Syntax).

The ISSN is a registered URN Namespace (see IETF RFC 3044) http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3044.html, identified by the NID code ISSN.

Syntax and Examples urn:ISSN:0259-000X urn:ISSN:1560-1560

Normalization

The check digit, if 'X, ' is case-sensitive. Thus, if "x" is found it must be translated in upper case.

The hyphen between the 4th and the 5th digit can be omitted.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Usage Scenario(s)

Library ABC wishes to establish a repository for archiving its journal collection. It sets up a Handle system based on URNs. For each journal in the repository it assigns a URN using the ISSN. [Is more text needed here? Maybe it should be several libraries who wish to share their repositories?]

D.6 SICI and ISSN

The Serial and Item Contribution Identifier standard (ANSI/NISO Z39.56-1996 Version 2) provides an extensible mechanism for the unique identification of either an issue of a serial title or a contribution (e.g., article) contained within a serial, regardless of the distribution medium (paper, electronic, microform, etc.). For further information, see http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/SICI/.

Syntax and Examples

The International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) is used as the unique identification number for a serial publication on which the Serial Item Identifier and the Contribution Identifier are based. All SICIs must have an ISSN. The ISSN is used without the letters “ISSN” but retaining the hyphen between the two groups of digits.

Item: De Proverb v2#1, 1996. SICI: 1323-4633(1996)2:1<>1.0.CO;2-8

Normalization Rules

[are any needed?]

Usage Scenario(s)

SICI, either stored or dynamically-created, can be used by A&I services to supply a document, or can be passed by the service to a third-party supplier. Similarly, SICI can be used in document in document delivery services. In library reserve room systems, SICI can be used to identify selected readings housed in separate areas. SICI can also be used in automated serials check-in and claiming systems.

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Annex E (informative)

Use of tissn in other identification systems

E. 1 General

The tissn provides a common identifier for different media versions of a title. In cases where identification and linking to a continuing resource is desired at the title-level i.e., without regard to medium, the tissn should be used. In cases where identification and linking to a continuing resource in a specific medium is desired, the appropriate ISSN should be used (See Appendix E).

E.2 DOI and tissn

A tissn can be used as the DOI suffix to identify a journal title irrespective of media version. For a brief description of the DOI see Annex E.

Syntax and Examples

The recommended form is to include “tissn” in lowercase prior to the number as part of the DOI suffix. For example, to identify all versions of the journal Nature, the following DOI could be used: doi:10.1038/tissn.0028-0836

Normalization Rules

[do any need to be specified?]

Usage Scenario(s)

In Bibliographic Records

To allow the work identifier to function as a collocating device in bibliographic records, the tissn should to be present in each of the separate bibliographic records that describe the various medium-specific versions belonging to that title.

In Reference Linking:

For reference linking in systems such as Cross-Ref, tissn used as the DOI suffix will allow linking to a journal title irrespective of format. [Need text from Ed]

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

E. 3 InfoURI and tissn

For a brief description of InfoURI, see Annex E. tissn are used as part of InfoURI to form a title-level identifier.

Further information can be found at: http://info-uri.info/registry/docs/misc/faq.html

Syntax and Examples All tissn InfoURI: begin with ‘info’ followed by the namespace identifier, ‘tissn,’ followed by an identifier from the tissn namespsace. tissn 1234-5668 is expressed as the following ‘info’ URI: info:tissn/1234-5668

Normalization ?

Usage Scenarios tissn embedded in InfoURIs are used as part of OpenURL resolution systems. Use of the tissn can prevent links from failing because different medium-specific ISSN are present in sources and targets.

E. 4 OpenURL and tissn

For a brief description of OpenURL see Appendix E. A tissn can be used in an OpenURL to identify a journal title irrespective of media version.

It is recommended that the tissn be used in OpenURL linking whenever possible because tissn gives link resolvers the maximum flexibility to resolve to whatever media versions of a journal they may know about. Use of tissn can also enable the link resolver to return information about multiple media versions of a journal if it has such information. The OpenURL metadata element “issn” as opposed to “tissn” should only be used when medium-specific linking is required.

E. 4.1 OpenURL 1.0 and tissn

It is recommended that the tissn be used in OpenURL 1.0 whenever possible. OpenURL 1.0 is defined by Z39.88-2004: The OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive Services. In this framework, various metadata formats have been defined in a registry external to the standard itself. The standard is available at: http://www.niso.org/standards/standard_detail.cfm?std_id=783

The NISO 1.0 OpenURL registry is available at http://alcme.oclc.org/openurl/servlet/OAIHandler?verb=ListSets

In order to accommodate the tissn as defined in this standard, the following elements have been added to the relevant formats in the OpenURL registry:

&tissn = and

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

These new elements should be used to indicate that what is being encoded is the tissn, as recorded in the designated field of the ISSN Register. If a specific medium of a title is being sought, the regular ISSN data element, “issn,” should be used (See Annex E).

[Note to WG: we will have to propose that these elements be added to the OpenURL registry]

Syntaxes and Examples of OpenURL 1.0 and tissn

In OpenURL 1.0, two methods of encoding the metadata have been defined: key/value pairs, and xml.

Key/Value Format

http://openrul1.0.edu?tissn=1234-5678&volume=3

XML Format

12345678

Normalization

In the Key/Value encoding of OpenURL 1.0 the tissn should be encoded with the hyphen between the two groups of 4 digits included. In the XML format of OpenURL 1.0 the tissn should be encoded without the hyphen [Note to Working Group - do we want it to be that way?]

Usage Scenarios

Library ABC wants to indicate to a link resolver that it should return available information about all media versions of a journal it knows about or all versions of a journal that are linked together. Using the tissn in the OpenURL is a way of indicating this to the link resolver rather than using a version specific ISSN. tissn could also be used to indicate to a link resolver that resolution to any format of a journal it knows about is acceptable. Sending a medium-specific ISSN would indicate to the link resolver that only resolution to the medium specific to that ISSN is desired.

E.4.2 OpenURL 0.1 and tissn

Use of tissn with OpenURL 0.1 is not recommended. In this de facto standard, metadata is hard coded in the standard itself and the only encoding format is to encode the parameters as key value pairs in the OpenURL itself. Since the metadata elements in OpenURL 0.1 are not extensible, this version of the standard has no element for the tissn. If use of 0.1 is unavoidable, tissn might be used in the PID (Private Identification Area) if all parties to a transaction agree on this usage.

Details on this version of the standard can be found at: http://www.exlibrisgroup.com/sfx_openurl_syntax.htm

Normalization

In OpenURL 0.1 tissn should be encoded with the hyphen between the two groups of 4 digits included. (Mark – please clarify.)

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

E.5 URN and tissn

For a brief description of the URN, see Appendix E.

[Note: since the WG have been calling tissn a separate namespace, I think we have to either:

1) register tissn as a separate URN namespace—something that is not easy, I hear. This difficulty has resulted in NISO developing the InfoURI or

2) use ISSN only with URN and tissn only with InfoURI

The rest of this section presumes the ISSN Network registers tissn as a URN]

The tissn is a registered URN Namespace (see IETF RFC XXXX) http:www.faqs.org/rfcs/frcXXXX……

Syntax and Examples urn:tissn:0259-000X urn:tissn:1560-1560

Normalization rules

The check digit, if “X.” is case-sensitive. Thus, if “x” is found, it must be translated into upper case.

The hyphen between the 4th and 5th digit can be omitted.

Usage Scenarios

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

Bibliography

[1] ISO 8:1977, Documentation — Presentation of periodicals

[2] ISO 9:1995, Information and documentation — Transliteration of Cyrillic characters into Latin characters — Slavic and non-Slavic languages

[3] ISO 215:1986, Documentation — Presentation of contributions to periodicals and other serials

[4] ISO 233-2:1993, Information and documentation — Transliteration of Arabic characters into Latin characters — Part 2: Arabic language — Simplified transliteration

[5] ISO 259-2:1994, Information and documentation — Transliteration of Hebrew characters into Latin characters — Part 2: Simplified transliteration

[6] ISO 843:1997, Information and documentation — Conversion of Greek characters into Latin characters

[7] ISO 2108:1992, Information and documentation — International standard book numbering (ISBN).

[8] ISO 2709:1996, Information and documentation — Format for information exchange

[9] ISO 3602:1989, Documentation — Romanization of Japanese (kana script).

[10] ISO 3901:1986, Documentation — International Standard Recording Code (ISRC).

[11] ISO 5122:1979, Documentation — Abstract sheets in serial publications.

[12] ISO 5123:1984, Documentation — Headers for microfiche of monographs and serials

[13] ISO 7098:1991, Information and documentation — Romanization of Chinese.

[14] ISO 7144:1986, Documentation — Presentation of theses and similar documents

[15] ISO 7275:1985, Documentation — Presentation of title information of series

[16] ISO 10444:1994, Information and documentation — International standard technical report number (ISRN)

[17] ISO 10957:1993, Information and documentation — International standard music number (ISMN)

[18] ISO TR 21449:2004, Content delivery and rights management: functional requirements for identifiers and descriptors for use in the music, film, video, sound recording, and publishing industries

[19] International standard bibliographic description for serials and other continuing resources (ISBD(CR)). International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA). München: Saur, 2002

[20] Functional requirements for bibliographic records: final report. IFLA Study Group on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records. München: K.G. Saur, 1998

[21] Rozenfeld, S. Using The ISSN (International Serial Standard Number) as URN (Uniform Resource Names) within an ISSN-URN Namespace [online]. Request for Comments 3044. Internet Engineering Task Force, January 2001 [cited 4 January 2005]. Available at: < http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3044.txt >.

[22] ONIX for serials [online]. EDItEUR and NISO, [cited 4 January 2005]. Available at: .

WORKING DRAFT ISO/WD 3297.3

[23] DOI handbook [online]. Version 4.1. International DOI Foundation, November 2004 [cited 21 December 2004]. Available at .