Form-1M, Pfr &Emp

APPLICATION FOR PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE (FORM-1M, PFR &EMP) (Submitted as per EIA Notification2006 & amended thereof)

BUILDING STONE QUARRY OF M/S. BLUE METALS Applied area: 0.9696 Ha (Non Forest Private Land) Production Capacity: 40,000 MT

Re Survey No: 165/14,15,16,17,18,19 & 20, Koduvayoor 2 Village Chittur Taluk, Palakkad District, Kerala

FOR PROJECT PROPONENT

Mrs. Sini Antony Proprietor, M/s. Blue Metals Kakkayoor PO, Koduvayoor, Chittur Palakkad District (D), Kerala – 67859 Email ID: [email protected] Phone No: 9946409543,9562957754

PREPARED BY

Mr. NAZAR AHAMED K.V DMG/KERALA/RQP/7/2016 N SQUARE MINING & ENVIORMENTAL SOLUTIONS .LTD KARIMBANAKKAL BUILDING, P.O EDAPAL MALAPPURAM (Dist), KERALA-679576 Email:[email protected] Mobile No.8547097533, 9447177533

1 Table of Content

Sl N o Particulars Page No

1 FORM 1 M AND QUESTIONNAIRE 3-15 a. Basic Information 3-5 b. Activity 5-13 c. Environmental Sensitivity 14-15 2 PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT 16-59 a. Chapter 1 - Introduction 17 b. Chapter 2- Project Description 18-20 c. Chapter 3- Process Description 21-31 d. Chapter 4- Environmental Base-line Data Description 32-38 e. Chapter 5- Environmental Management Plan 38-50 f. Chapter 6- Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan 51-54 g. Chapter 7- Environmental Control Measures 54-59 ANNEXURES 1 ID Proof of the Proprietor 61 2 Possession Certificate 62-63 3 Consent from Land Owner 64-67 4 Land Documents 68-157 5 Letter of Intend 158-159 6 Old Quarry Permit 160-161 7 Mining Plan Approval Letter 162-163 8 Village Certificate 164 9 RQP Certificate 165 10 Lab Reports 166-171 11 Cadastral Map 172 12 Recent Photos of the Site 173 13 District Survey Report 174-260

FORM 1M (I) Basic Information

Sl No. Item Details

1 Name of the project/s Mrs. Sini Antony

2 S. No. in the schedule Re Sy No. 165/14,15,16,17,18,19 & 20 3 Proposed capacity/area/length/tonnage to be handled/ Proposed capacity MT/Year- command area/lease area/number of wells to be drilled 40000MT/year Area - 0.9696 Ha 4 New/Expansion/Modernization New

5 Existing Capacity/Area etc. Proposed only

6 Category of Project i.e. ’A’ or ‘B’ B

7 Does it attract the general condition? If yes, please No specify 8 Does it attract the specific condition? If yes, please No specify 9 Location The proposed granite building stone quarry is situated in Village – Koduvayoor 2, Taluk: Chittur Taluk, District: Palakkad, State- Kerala. Sy.No. Re Sy No. 165/14,15,16,17,18,19 & 20, Geographical location of the site: Latitude (N)10°39'43.76" - 10°39'47.47" Longitude(E) 76°38'17.69"- 76°38'22.01" Plot/Survey/ Khasra No. Re Sy No. 165/14,15,16,17,18,19 & 20 Village Koduvayoor 2

Tehsil Chittur Taluk

District Palakkad

State Kerala

3 3 10 Nearest railway station/ airport along with distance in Pudunagaram-5.63 KM KM 11 Nearest Town, city, District Headquarters along with Koduvayoor-3.5 KM

9 Village Panchayats, Zilla Parishad., Municipal Koduvayoor 2, Palakkad District Corporation, Local body (complete postal (D), Kerala – 67859, addresses with telephone nos. to be given) 13 Name of the applicant Mrs. Sini Antony

14 Registered address M/s. Blue Metals, Kakkayoor PO, Koduvayoor, Chittur Taluk, Palakkad District-67859 15 Address for correspondence: M/s. Blue Metals, Kakkayoor PO, Koduvayoor, Chittur Taluk, Palakkad District-67859 Name Mrs. Sini Antony

Designation(Owner/Partner/CEO) Proprietor

Address M/s. Blue Metals, Kakkayoor PO, Koduvayoor, Chittur Taluk, Palakkad District-67859 Pin Code 67859

E-mail [email protected]

Telephone No. 9946409543,9562957754

16 Details of Alternative Sites examined, if any. Location No. Alternative sites. of these sites should be shown on a topo sheet. The mine area is located in the topo sheet no. 58B/5/NE 17 Interlinked Projects Nil

18 Whether separate application of interlinked project Nil has been submitted? 19 If yes, date of submission Nil

20 If no, reason Nil

21 Whether the proposal involves approval/clearance Nil under: if yes, details of the same and their status to be given (a) The Forest (Conservation) Act,1980? (b) The Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972? (c) The C.R.Z. Notification,1991? 22 Whether there is any Government Order/Policy Nil relevant/relating to the site?

4 4 23 Forest land involved (hectares) Nil

24 Whether there is any litigation pending against the Nil project and / or land in which the project is propose to be set up? (a) Name of the Court (b) Case No. (c) Orders/directions of the Court, if any and its relevance with the proposed project

(II) Activity Check list

1. Construction, operation or decommissioning of the Project involving actions, which will cause physical changes in the locality(topography, land use, changes in water- bodies,etc.)

S.No. Information/Checklist confirmation Yes/ Details (with approximate No quantities/rates wherever possible) with source of information data. 1.1 Permanent or temporary change in land use, Yes The land as per the revenue records land cover or topography including increase in marking in own private patta land. intensity of land use (with respect to local land Topography of the current and use plan) Is highest 90 msl and lowest is 90 msl.. Excavated area will be converted to plantation area.

1.2 Clearance of existing land, vegetation and Yes The area is mostly of rubber buildings? plantation, also coconut trees in between and some area is covered with shrubs & bushes. 1.3 Creation of new land uses? Yes As per the revenue records the land is classified as private own patta land. Mostly covered of rubber plantation and some area are covered with shrubs & bushes. 1.4 Pre-construction investigations e.g. bore No - houses, soil testing? 1.5 Construction works? No Office and rest room in the site. 1.6 Demolition works? No -

5 5 1.7 Temporary sites used for construction works or No - housing of construction workers? 1.8 Above ground buildings, structures or earthworks including linear structures, cut and fill or excavations. 1.9 Underground works including mining or No - tunneling? 1.10 Reclamation works? Yes The proposed project activity involves76%of the lease area for exploring granite building stone. At the end of life of mine pit will be utilized as water storage and plantation area. 1.11 Dredging? No - 1.9 Offshore structures? No - 1.13 Production and manufacturing processes? Yes The mining will be done at opencast semi mechanized, the bench heights average at 5 m, Average width of the bench is 5- 100 m, the materials loading and hauling to the delivery points, excavated material is transported in varies sites as per the order and demand of the material. The depth of the mine is Around 50 m from top bench.

1.14 Facilities for storage of goods or materials? No - 1.15 Facilities for treatment or disposal of solid Yes Solid Waste. waste or liquid effluents? About 100 CuM of Topsoil and 23663 MT of Overburden during the lifetime in the proposed mine the topsoil stored in a pre- determined area and re- utilize for the plantation purposes. Liquid effluent The sewage of the tune of 1.0Kld generated in the mines office and it will be diverted into septic tank followed by soak pit. 1.16 Facilities for long term operational workers? N Local Labour so no housing o is required 1.17 New road, rail or sea traffic during No - construction or operation?

6 6 1.18 New road, rail, air waterborne or other No - transport infrastructure including new or altered routes and stations, ports, airports etc.?

1.19 Closure or diversion of existing transport No - routes or infrastructure leading to changes in traffic movements? 1.20 New or diverted transmission lines or No - pipelines? 1.21 Impoundment, damming, converting, No - realignment or other changes to the hydrology of watercourses or aquifers? 1.22 Stream crossings? No - 1.23 Abstraction or transfers of water form ground No -- or surface waters? 1.24 Changes in water bodies or the land surface No There will be no change in the water affecting drainage or run-off? bodies. The change in the land surfaces due to mining will not affect the surface drainage. 1.25 Transport of personnel or materials for Yes Outer Vehicles are used for the construction, operation or decommissioning? transportation of the minerals. 1 trucks / trips of 5 Mt.in capacity, will be utilized for the transportation of the minerals. 1.26 Long-term dismantling or decommissioning or No - restoration works? 1.27 Ongoing activity during decommissioning No - which could have an impact on the environment? 1.28 Influx of people to an area either temporarily or No - permanently 1.29 Introduction of alien species? No - 1.30 Loss of native species or genetic diversity? No - 1.31 Any other actions? No -

2. Use of Natural resources for construction or operation of the Project (such as land, water, materials or energy, especially any resources which are non-renewable or in short supply):

7 7 Details there for (with Sl.No. Information/checklist confirmation Yes approximate quantities /rates, /No wherever possible) with source of information data 2.1 Land especially undeveloped or No The project area is only 0.9696 Ha , agricultural land (ha) it is a private own patta land.

2.2 Water (expected source & competing Yes The daily water demand only in 3 kld, users) unit: KLD the domestic water demand met in well. 2.3 Minerals (MT) Yes The mining product is granite building stone. Per year production is 40000MT, and total production of the mine life is 473250MT. Mine life is 12 years only. 2.4 Construction material – stone, aggregates, No - and / soil (expected source – MT) 2.5 Forests and timber (source – MT) No -

2.6 Energy including electricity and fuels Nil - (source, competing users) Unit: fuel (MT), energy (MW) 2.7 Any other natural resources (use No - appropriate standard units)

3. Use, storage, transport, handling or production of substances or materials, which could be harmful to human health or the environment or raise concerns about actual or perceived risks to human health. Details therefore (with S.No. Information/Checklist confirmation Yes/No approximate quantities/rates, wherever possible) with source of Information 3.1 Use of substances or materials, which are hazardous (as per No - MSIHC rules) to human health or the environment (flora, fauna and water supplies) 3.2 Changes in occurrence of disease or affect disease vectors (e.g. No - insect or water borne diseases)

3.3 Affect the welfare of people e.g. by changing living conditions? No -

3.4 Vulnerable groups of people who could be affected by the project No - e.g. hospital patients, children, the elderly etc.,

8 8 3.5 Any other causes No -

4. Production of solid wastes during construction or operation or decommissioning(MT/month) Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates, Sl.No. Information/Checklist confirmation Yes/No wherever possible) with sourceof information data

4.1 Spoil, Yes About 100 CuM of Topsoil and overburden or 23663 MT of Overburden mine wastes during the lifetime in the proposed mine will be removed and re utilize for the plantation and other reclamation purposes. 4.2 Municipal waste (domestic and or No - commercial wastes) 4.3 Hazardous wastes Management (as per No - Rules) 4.4 Other industrial process wastes No - 4.5 Surplus product No - 4.6 Sewage sludge or other sludge No - from effluent treatment 4.7 Construction or demolition wastes No - 4.8 Redundant machinery or equipment No - 4.9 Contaminated soils or other materials No - 4.10 Agricultural wastes No - 4.11 Other solid wastes No -

9 9

5. Release of pollutants or any hazardous, toxic or noxious substances to air(Kg/hr)

Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates, wherever possible) Sl.No. Information/Checklist confirmation Yes/No with source of information data

- 5.1 Emissions from combustion of fossil fuels No - from stationary or mobile sources 5.2 Emissions from production processes of the Yes Dust is the main pollutant due to mining vehicles. activity. It will be generated in drilling, blasting, excavation and vehicle movement, Dust suppressed in following methods. 1. Green belt developing all boundaries. 2. Water sprinkling on haul roads 3. Over loading of vehicles will be avoided. 4.Speed limit of the vehicles. 5.3 Emissions from material handling including Yes There will be a fugitive emission storage or transport generated during material handling, transportation, loading and unloading etc. Regular water sprinkling of the haul road will suppress the dust and prevent airborne diseases. 5.4 Emissions from construction activities No - including plant and equipment

5.5 Dust or odours from handling of materials No - including construction materials, sewage and waste 5.6 Emissions from incineration of waste No -

5.7 Emissions from burning of waste in open air No - (e.g. slash materials, construction debris) 5.8 Emissions from any other sources No -

10 10 6. Generation of Noise and Vibration, and Emissions of Light and Heat:

S.No. Information/Checklist confirmation Yes/No Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates, wherever possible) with source of information data with source of information.

6.1 From operation of equipment e.g. Yes Noise generating equipment. engines, ventilation plant, 1. Excavator - 95 -100db crushersetc. 2. Jack hammer - 95- 100db 3. Compressor - 90 - 95db 4.Tipper - 80 - 85db 6.2 From industrial or similar processes No -

6.3 From construction or demolition No -

6.4 From blasting or piling No - 6.5 From construction or operational traffic No Run as per the KSPCB norms.

6.6 From lighting or cooling systems No - 6.7 From any other sources No -

7. Risks of contamination of land or water from releases of pollutants into the ground or into sewers, surface waters, groundwater, coastal waters or the sea:

Sl. No Information/Checklist Yes/No Details thereof confirmation (with approximate quantities/rates, wherever possible) with source of information data. 7.1 From handling, storage, use or spillage of No hazardous materials 7.2 From discharge of sewage or other effluents to water No - or the land (expected mode and place of discharge) 7.3 By deposition of pollutants emitted to air into the land No - or into water 7.4 From any other sources No -

7.5 Is there a risk of long term buildup of pollutants in the No - environment from these sources?

11 11

8. Risk of accidents during construction or operation of the Project, which could affect human health or the environment

Details thereof (with approximate S. No. Information/Checklist confirmation Yes/No quantities/rates, wherever possible) with source of information

8.1 From explosions, spillages, fires etc. from storage, No - handling, use or production of hazardous substances 8.2 From any other causes No The accidents in due to the operation of equipment’s, and mining activities, A good safety measures are taken in the site, First aid facility provided in the office. 8.3 Could the project be affected by natural disasters No There is no history causing environmental damage (e.g. floods, earthquakes, landslides, cloud burst etc.)?

12 12

9. Factors which should be considered (such as consequential development) which could lead to environmental effects or the potential for cumulative impacts with other existing or planned activities in the locality

Details thereof (with approximate S. No. Information/Checklist confirmation Yes/No quantities/rates, wherever Possible ) with source of information data 9.1 Lead to development of supporting. Yes The proposed project is laities, ancillary development or support directly/indirectly development develop the area by Stimulated by the project which could have providing employment. It impact on the environment will help for the infrastructure development. • Supporting infrastructure (roads, power supply, waste or waste water treatment, etc.)

• Housing development

• Extractive industries

• Supply industries

• Other 9.2 Lead to after-use of the site, which could have an Yes After the life of the mine, impact on the environment the site will be converted for re-planting of tree species and plants. 9.3 Set a precedent for later developments Yes There will be other developments. 9.4 Have cumulative effects due to proximity to other No - existing or planned projects with similar effects

13 13 (III) Environmental Sensitivity

Aerial distance (within 15 S.No. Areas Name/ km.) Identity Proposed project location boundary 1 Areas protected under international conventions, Yes Chulanur Peafowl national or local legislation for their ecological, Sanctuary-16.5 KM Landscape, cultural or other related value 2 Areas which are important or sensitive for Yes Chulanur Peafowl ecological reasons - Wetlands, watercourses or Sanctuary-16.5 KM, Other water bodies, coastal zone, biospheres, Pothundi Dam 9.1KM, mountains, forests Nelliyampathy Forest Reserve -9.62KM 3 Areas used by protected, important or sensitive Yes Chulanur Peafowl species of flora or fauna for breeding, nesting, Sanctuary-16.5 KM foraging, resting, over wintering, migration 4 Inland, coastal, marine or underground waters Yes Malampuzha Canal 0.243 KM, Malampuzha Main Canal 0.66 KM Gayathrippuzha 5.95KM Arabian Sea-67.4KM 5 State, National boundaries Yes Kerala-Tamil Nadu boundary- 18.83 KM East 6 Routes or facilities used by the public for access Yes SH27- Palakkad- to recreation or other tourist, pilgrim areas Meenakshipuram-3.61 KM 7 Defense installations No -

8 Densely populated or built-up area Yes Kakkayur, 0.653 KM

9 Areas occupied by sensitive man-made land uses Yes Govt. UP School, Kakkayur (hospitals, schools, places of worship, community 1.5 KM facilities) Govt Hospital Koduvayoor 2.5KM 10 Areas containing important, high quality or scarce No resources (ground water resources, surface resources, forestry, agriculture, fisheries, tourism, minerals) Areas already subjected to pollution or No - environmental damage. (those where existing legal Environmental standards are exceeded) 9 Areas susceptible to natural hazard which could No - cause the project to present environmental problems (earthquakes, subsidence, landslides, erosion, flooding or extreme or adverse climatic conditions)

14 14 15

16 Chapter- I Introduction 1.1 Brief Foreword of Project proponent and Project Site Mrs. Sini Antony, has applied a fresh quarrying permit for operating Granite Building Stone quarry over an extent of 0.9696Ha at Re Sy No. 165/14,15,16,17,18,19 & 20 in Koduvayoor 2 Village, Chittur Taluk, Palakkad District, Kerala. Possession certificates are enclosed as Annexures .

Mining Plan for Granite Building Stone quarry of Mrs. Sini Antony at Re Sy No. 165/14,15,16,17,18,19 & 20 in Koduvayoor 2 Village, Chittur Taluk, Palakkad District, Kerala for total mine permit area of 0.9696Ha is approved by District Geologist, Department of Mining and Geology, Palakkad.

This Granite Building Stone Quarry to submit application to statutory authorities like Department of Mining & Geology, DEIAA and to receive Environmental Clearance from DEIAA, Kerala. Attested Copy of Photo ID of the Authorized Signatory is enclosed as Annexures.

This feasibility report for Granite Building Stone Quarry over an extent of 0.9696Ha at Survey No Re Sy No. 165/14,15,16,17,18,19 & 20 in Koduvayoor 2 Village, Chittur Taluk,Palakkad District, is prepared towards getting environmental clearance from DEIAA Kerala.

Chapter- II 2.1 Project Description Project Proponent Mrs. Sini Antony Mailing Address Mrs. Sini Antony Proprietor, Mannarakkad Taluk Karingal Quarry operators vyavasaya sahakarana sangam limited Palakkad District (D), Kerala – 67859 Email ID: [email protected] Phone No: 9946409543,9562957754

Survey No’s Re Sy No. 165/14,15,16,17,18,19 & 20 Location Koduvayoor 2 Village Chittur Taluk Palakkad District Kerala State Quarry Permit Area 0.9696Ha Type of land Private Land

2.2 Salient features of the study area Latitude 10°39'43.76" - 10°39'47.47" N Longitude 76°38'17.69"- 76°38'22.01"E Nearest Town Koduvayoor- 3.5KM

Nearest Railway Station Pudunagaram Railway Station – 5.63 Km

Nearest Airport Kovai Airport – 60 Km Highest 90m above MSL. Elevation in (M SL) Lowest 90m above MSL. Top most level 90m above MSL Working depth Bottom most level 40m above MSL

The Google Map showing Location of the permit area is given below:-

Table 1: Description of Each Pillar in the Permit Area

BOUNDARY LATITUDE LONGITUDE PILLAR

BP1 10°39'44.55" 76°38'22.01" BP2 10°39'43.76" 76°38'19.58" BP3 10°39'44.81" 76°38'18.38" BP4 10°39'44.98" 76°38'18.12" BP5 10°39'45.64" 76°38'17.73" BP6 10°39'46.04" 76°38'17.69" BP7 10°39'46.95" 76°38'17.96" BP8 10°39'47.47" 76°38'18.89" BP9 10°39'47.44" 76°38'19.16" BP10 10°39'46.86" 76°38'20.04" BP11 10°39'45.76" 76°38'21.97"

2.3 Land use plan of the project site Proposed quarry permit area is 0.9696Ha. Land use pattern of the permit area is shown on the surface plan. The present, plan period and conceptual land use pattern 19

19 of the permit area is shown below:

Table No.2 – Land Use Pattern of the Permit area

S. Particular As on date Plan Period Conceptual No. period

1. Area Excavated due to 0.000 0.16 0.6997 Mining

2. Area under Plantation 0.000 0.16(Plantation 0.6929(Plantation in Excavated in Excavated area) area)

3. Undisturbed Area 0.9696 0.8096 0.2699

Total area 0.9696Ha 0.9696Ha 0.9696Ha

At the end of life of mine, the excavated pit will be 0.9696Ha and will be reclaimed with stacked dumping and overburden and rehabilitated by plantation. The details of the post mine land use are given below: Table No-3 –Details of Post Mine Land Use pattern Sl. Extent in Post mining land use of Type of activities Extent in Ha. No Ha degraded land Water Pond 0.0068 Area under Quarry 1 0.6997 Backfilling and pit(mining area) 0.6929 Reclamation Green belt / 2 0.2699 Green belt / Plantation 0.2699 Plantation Total 0.9696Ha Total 0.9696Ha

2.3 Employment Generation It is proposed to employ 10 people from nearby villages for the said quarry. This project will also create additional employment indirectly.

2.4 Project Cost Total Project cost: Rs. 25,00,000/- 20

Chapter- III 3.1 Process description The Quarrying operation is carried out in different stages. A flow chart depicting the operations is shown below:

OPENCAST METHOD

DRILLING & BLASTING 32 mm BLAST HOLE. Nitrate Mixture Explosive

BENCH FORMATION 5.0 m HEIGHT & 5.0 WIDTH

EXCAVATION BY EXCAVATORS

LOADING BY EXCAVATORS / LOADERS

TRANSPORTATION BY TRUCKS / TIPPERS

DESPATCH TO CLIENT / CUSTOMER

The quarry is proposed to work with conventional open cast with bench system method with mechanized mode of operation. Based on the mode and method, taking into the consideration of geological parameters of the charnockite body, the quarry pit will be so designed such that the height of the bench is kept about 5.00 m max.

21 3.2 REGIONAL GEOLOGY The district can be broad divided into five geological terranes viz. i) lowland of charnockite country in the west; (ii) Migmatite Complex in the east, extending into adjacent Coimbatore district of Chennai; (iii) Khondalite Group, occurring as linear bodies in the northeastern hill region; (iv) Wynad Group, occurring as high hills in the north in Attapady area and (v) Peninsular Gneissic Complex (PGC) confined to the north of Bharathapuzha river.

The area forms a part of the Precambrian metamorphic shield having a complex geological set up. Wynad Group is represented by rocks of upper amphibolites to lower granuliefacies metamorphism. This complex can be divided into an ultramafic dominant upper group and amphibolites dominant lower group. The ultramafic group comprises talc-chlorite schist, talc-pyroxene-garnet schist. The amphibolite group consists of hornblende-biotite schist and gneiss with amphibolites bands garnet. These rocks are exposed in the Attappadi area. Hornblende –biotite gneiss and pink granitegneiss of Peninsular Gneissic Complex are exposed in the north, especially north of Bharathapuzha river. The Khondalite group, which outcrops northeast of Malalbuzha reservoir, comprises garnet-sillimanite gneiss and calc-granulite. Narrow bands of calcgranulite are exposed along the Walayar river bed. Numerous thin bands of calcgranulite associated with crystalline limestone and calciphyre have been observed in the area. Charnockite group is predominant in the west. This group comprises massive charnockite/gneissic charnockite, pyroxene granulite, pyroxenite and norite and magnetite quartzite amongst which massive charnockite/gneissic charnockite is the most widely distributed. Pyroxene granulite and magnetite quartzite occur as narrow bands. Thin impersistent segregations of pyroxenite and norite occur in the ‘Palghat Gap’. The Charnockite Group is succeeded by the Migmatite Complex represented by hornblende-biotite gneiss and quartz-feldspar gneiss. These rocks occupy the eastern part and the ‘Palghat Gap’. They are melanocratic and foliated. These rocks are intruded by pegmatites, quartz veins and gabbro and dolerite dykes. Basic intrusives, especially dolerite, have two distinct trends in the district; one being NW-SE, which is common throughout the State and the other NE-SW, seen in the northeastnorth of Attapady. In the westernmost part, south of Bharathapuzha, a few isolated occurrences of Warkalli sediments are noticed capping small mounds. The valleys are occupied by fluvial alluvium of Quaternary age. Lateritisation is widespread in the west.

3.2.1 LOCAL GEOLOGY The permit area is covered by Charnockite. These rocks in general are massive and 22

22 show moderately well-developed gneissosity.

3.2.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF FORMATIONS The geological parameters / features of the ore body as obtained from the field mapping and exploration studies reveal the following:

Length of the ore body: ranging from 28 M to 123M (Avg-75) M

Width of the ore body: ranging from 25 M to 76M (Avg -50)M

3.3METHOD OF ESTIMATION OF RESERVES

The estimation of ore reserves is made by conventional parallel cross section method using geological cross section. The geological cross sections are prepared across the strike of the ore body. The area of individual litho units in each and every cross section is calculated separately. The volume between the cross section is arrived on the basis of the average area of production cross section and multiplying sectional interval. And tonnage is arrived at by multiplying by bulk density.

Note : Following are the parameters considered for reserve estimation:

(i) In the allotted area, the mineral is exposed from the lowermost level of 90m MSL to the top most part of the hill at 90m MSL. Hence, the reserve for proved category has been considered up to 90m MSL.

(ii) Bulk Density of Stone and associated minor minerals is taken as 2.5Ton /M3.

3.6 RESERVES OF MINERALS

Considering the above parameters and exposures observed in the existing pit in the allotted area, the surface geological plan and geological cross-sections & longitudinal section are prepared. Accordingly, the reserves for Stone and associated minor minerals have been estimated on cross- sectional area method.

23 Table 4- Section wise Geological Reserve Estimation

Geological Reserves Section Area of cross Influence Density Vol. in m3 Total Ton line section (m2) length (m) A-A’ 7944 50 397200 2.5 993000 Total 993000MT

Mineable Reserves: - To estimate the minable reserves, the reserves blocked under 7.5 statutory barriers and due to formation of systematic benches up to Ultimate Pit Limit have been considered.

Table 5- Section wise Mineable Reserve Estimation

Proved Reserves Section Area of cross Influence Vol. in m3 Total Ton line section (m2) length (m) A-A’ 3786 50 189300 2.5 473250 Total 473250MT Total Geological Reserve = 993000 MT Total Blocked Reserve = 519750 MT Total Mineable Reserve = 473250 MT Table 6- Reserve Estimation Table SECTION A-A' MINEABLE RESERVE AREA BENCH IN SI DENSITY TON Sqm 90 594 50 2.5 74250 85 544 50 2.5 68000 80 494 50 2.5 61750 75 444 50 2.5 55500 70 394 50 2.5 49250 65 344 50 2.5 43000 60 294 50 2.5 36750 55 244 50 2.5 30500 50 195 50 2.5 24375 45 145 50 2.5 18125 40 94 50 2.5 11750

Total 473250 24

3.3.2SUMMARY OF GEOLOGICAL & MINEABLE RESERVES In this area the building stone exposures are bordering to the permit boundary. The mineable reserves are arrived after deducting the reserves locked in mines barrier along the boundary in compliance with Metalliferous Mines Regulations 2015. Summary of Geological and mineable reserve is given below.

Table No. 7- SUMMARY OF GEOLOGICAL & MINEABLE RESERVES

Reserves in MT Category R O M Geological reserves 993000 MT Mineable reserves 473250 MT Blocked reserves 519750 MT

Note : Geological Reserves =Mineable Reserves + Blocked Reserves

Of the above Geological reserves of 993000 MT, only 473250 MT of reserves can be exploited / mined, while the balance of 519750 MT of reserves is getting blocked which cannot be mined, due to the boundary and practical constraints. Hence for all practical purpose (for production and future planning) only Mineable reserves are considered.

3.4 Method of Quarrying The quarry is proposed to work with conventional open cast with bench system method with mechanized mode of operation. Based on the mode and method so adopted and taking into the consideration of geological parameters of the ore body, the quarry pit is so designed such that the height of the bench is kept about 5.00 m (2.50 m x 2 sub benches) max., and the width is also kept 5.00 m, maintaining 45˚ pit slope. Benches are advanced side ward and lateral to win the material at lower level /depth. The System or method of working shall be performed as stipulated under Rule 69(1) by formation of benches as per the Metalliferous Mines Regulations, 2015, issued under the Mines Act, 2015.The area is covered with a thin layer of weathered charnockite; recovery of saleable material is about 95% of ROM. 25

25 During the first year of mining, the work will be carried out from 90 to 85m MSL by bench cutting method as shown on sections A-A’ . During the second year of mining, the work will be carried out from 90 to 80m MSL by bench cutting method as shown on sections A-A’. During the third year of mining, the work will be carried out from 85 to 80m MSL by bench cutting method as shown on sections A-A’. During the fourth year of mining, the work will be carried out from 85 to 75 m MSL by bench cutting method as shown on sections A-A’. During the fiftth year of mining, the work will be carried out from 80 to 75 m MSL by bench cutting method as shown on sections A-A’. 3.4.2 Proposed Rate of Production and Expected Life of Mine-

The annual production targets have been planned, the average proposed production (ROM) will be about 40,000MT for the quarrying permit period. As per the production capacity proposed the life of the quarry will be 12 years.

Table 8- Proposed Production details of the Quarry for the first 5 years S. No. Year ROM (in MT) 1 I Year 40,000MT 2 II Year 40,000MT 3 III Year 40,000MT 4 IV Year 40,000MT 5 V Year 40,000MT

3.5 Extent of Mechanization List of Quarrying machinery deployed for quarry operation along with their capacities, efficiencies and other details are shown in below:

Table No.9 – Machinery Details Sl.No Equipment/ Machinery No. of units Size/ Capacity 1. Excavator 1 150 HP 2. Excavator 1 100 HP 3. Tipper 3 - 4. Jack hammer 1 - 5. Compressor 1 - 26

3.6 Quarrying Activity The quarry is proposed to work with conventional open cast with bench system method with mechanized mode of operation. Based on the mode and method so adopted and taking into consideration of geological parameters of the Charnockite body, the quarry pit is designed such that the height of the bench is kept about 5.00 m max., and the width is kept min 5.00 m, maintaining 45˚ pit slope. Two sub benches are created of 2.50 m height each, when it reaches its ultimate limit, all the two benches will be joined together to form a height of 5.0 m. Topsoil is sparsely distributed in the area, this topsoil will be removed separately and it will be used for plantation purpose. As the rock is mainly hard to medium hard in nature, drilling and blasting is required to dislodge/loosen the material from the main rock mass. The broad blasting parameters are determined in subsequent paragraph. The operation flow chart of the quarry activity is given in the above chapter – III under head Process Description.

3.6.1 Explosives Management, drilling and Blasting

BLASTING

Granite is compact rock, at places it is fractured also. Production from the fractured zone will be obtained with the help of excavator, whereas from compact zone the production will be obtained by drilling and blasting. Drilling will be done by jack hammer with the help of air compressor. • Hole location will be properly dressed by excavator to remove the loose boulders for efficient drilling and for avoiding jamming of drilling hammer and bits. • Drill holes of 32mm diameter and 1.5 M in depth will be made. • To reduce the noise level the holes will be blasted by using nitrate mixture and Milli-second delay detonators. • To maintain the bench height of 5 M, sub bench of 2.5 m will be formed first, later on two benches will be merged and one bench of 5m will be formed and maintained • The spacing and burden will be kept at 1.0 M. 27

27 • About 40 holes will be blasted in one day • Yield per hole will be 1.5 x 1 x 1=1.5M3. • Number of blasts per day will be 2 blasts of 20 holes each

3.6.2 Blasting Pattern:

The blasting pattern entirely depends on the situation of the joints present in the rocks. The drilling is done as per the requirement of the rock fragmentation with desired production of mineral.

3.6.3 Requirement of explosive • Charge per hole will be 250 grams • Yield of explosive - about 5.34 M3 per Kg. or 13.36 ton/Kg • For 40,000 ton per year or 3333.33 tons per month the requirement of explosive will be about 250 kg per month.

3.6.4 Precaution during blasting No explosives other than those provided by company, the agent or manager shall be used in the mines and the explosives shall not be taken inside any building except magazine approved by the licensing authority under the Indian Explosives Act 1884. Cases and containers for carrying explosives shall be of substantial construction and securely locked as required under MMR157. Containers of steel or iron shall be galvanized and not more than 5 Kg explosives shall be carried in one case or container. The manager shall fix maximum number of shots that a blaster may fire in one shift and should not exceed 80 in case of electrical firing or 50 in case of firing with igniter codes as fixed under MMR (160). Shot firing tools conforming to MMR (161) will be used and provisions under 162 on drilling, charging, stemming and firing of shot holes shall also compiled with.

As static charge can be generated and stored on bodies of persons wearing synthetic fiber cloths and/ socks and such potential may go up to 40,000 volts during dry months, especially on a cold day in a dry climate, blasters /shot fires and their helpers should not ware such clothes while on duty. They will be provided only non- conducting type of shoe or boots eg leather sole footwear as prescribed under 28

28 (cir.Tech.1/1985).Chapter XV on Explosives & Shot firing i.e MMR 153 to 169 shall be enforced and followed in the quarry.

3.6.5 Type of Explosives to be used Only class 2 and class 6 explosive is proposed for use as given below:- Booster (20%) Slurry explosive Explosive Nitrate Fuel oil (NFO). (Column charge) (80%) The NFO mixture can be readily produced at a site by mixing nitrate (94.5 %) with diesel oil (5.5 %). Initiator Delay /Electric detonators

a. Safety precautions to be adopted. PRECAUTIONS: • Blasting in the open cast pit will be done only during day time at designated hours. • Only competent blasters will be appointed to handle explosives. • Explosives will be stored in approved and licensed magazine as per Explosive Act/ Rules. • Explosives will be brought from magazine to blasting site in licensed Explosive Van under the care of blaster. • Sufficient warning signals will be given before blasting the holes. • Guards will be posted on all roads and paths at least 250 m distance to stop entrance to the danger zone during blasting hour. • Controlled blasting will be practiced to control vibrations and flying fragments. • Optimum charge will be used, while blasting near office complex/ infrastructure site. 3.6.6 Excavation and Crushing The quarry is proposed to work with conventional opencast with bench systems and operating in a mechanized mode. The bench height and width is kept at 5m maximum with a pit slope of 450. Subsequent to the drilling and blasting, the

29 material so dislodged/loosen from the rock mass, the big boulders are broken in to small boulders with a help of rock breaker. There after the material is loaded into trucks/tippers of 10tonnes capacity with the help of the excavator.

3.7 Topsoil: The area is more or less covered by exposed rock and there is less topsoil in these areas. The remaining land is sparsely vegetated and having topsoil with average thickness of 1.0 m.This will be removed separately as and when it occurs during the course of quarrying. The topsoil so removed will be stacked separately and will be used judiciously for plantation purpose. Precautions will be taken to limit the height of the top soil dump to 5-6 m in order to preserve its fertility and shelf life. It will be suitably protected from soil erosion and infertility by planting fodder grass and leguminous plants during temporary storage.

The total amount of topsoil existing within the permit hold is calculated as below: Area - 9696 sq.m Buffer zone - 2699 Sq M Exposed Area - 6797 Sq M Total Available Area - 200 Sq M Depth - 0.5M Volume - 100 CuM Bulk density - 1.50 600 X .5X 1.50 = 150 tons.

3.8 Mine Waste Management About 23663 tons of mine waste will be generated throughout the mine life and it will be stacked in the area earmarked for it. This waste will be utilized for lying of haul road as well as for backfilling. At the end, this mine waste can be partly utilized as soil base for plantation.

3.9 Site Security and Safety Copies of all safety and management documents will be made available to on site, 30

30 personnel and mandatory training for operations at the Quarry will take place. The Area Coordinator will ensure that operations are consistent with other management plans, terms and conditions of the issued permits, and safety procedures for the Project. Security signage will be posted at the entrance to the quarry. The remoteness of the quarry and the onsite presence of operations personnel will make perimeter fencing unnecessary. Audible warning systems will be employed for all blasting operations at posted intervals prior to any detonations.

Loose rocks will be properly dressed and nature of rocks and available structural planes will be studied to avoid any slip. Explosives will be stored in safe approved and licensed magazine. Competent blasters (with blasting certificate of competency issued by DGMS) will only handle explosives to avoid any accident. Proper and full proof security will be provided to the magazine to avoid any theft, unauthorized entry etc. proper fencing with sign boards will be provided to separate out the magazine. Blasting and processing operations will be suspended if incursions into the quarry occur. On site monitors for animals will provide warnings if the approach of any animals is noted.

Before the onset of monsoon, drains are cut along the toe of the quarry faces to divert the surface run off. Garland drain is provided at the quarry top to regulate monsoon water and direct the same to the settling ponds / quarry pit to contain the quarry wash off and to avoid the same joining to the adjoining surface water bodies / water courses. It also helps to avert eventual collapses and damages to the quarry faces. The pit will be fenced by barbed wire, such that no habitats can enter the pit and watch and ward is provided round the clock.

31 Chapter –IV Environmental Baseline data Description

4.1 Air Environment The Reconnaissance survey of the quarry area reveals that there will be possible dust emissions that would result from transportation of vehicles and the stone powder generated during the drilling, blasting and dislodging activity.

To assess the ambient air quality status, monitoring stations were identified on the basis of Meteorology in the upwind and downwind direction as well as to represent the cross sectional scenario of the project site. Based on the production activity, the parameters chosen for assessment of air quality are Particulate Matter

(PM10&PM2.5), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), and Nitrogen dioxide (NO2).

4.1.1 Analysis of Baseline Concentrations The Ambient Air Quality data were collected in the month of April 2017 from the four corners of the project site .The data have been collected on 24 hourly basis for parameters of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX.

Table No.10- Ambient Air Quality Field Monitoring Values

Direction PM10 PM2.5 Sulphur Nitrogen dioxide dioxide Near Quarry Site 74 µg/m3 40 µg/m3 10.8 µg/m3 14.8 µg/m3 250 M down wind direction 72 µg/m3 38 µg/m3 8.8µg/m3 11.4 µg/m3

From the field measurement results of the ambient air, it is observed from the report that the ambient air quality at site within the prescribed standards (NAAQS) with respect to PM10, PM2.5, NOx and SO2.

4.2WATER ENVIRONMENT The purpose of this study is to:- • Assess the water quality characteristics for critical parameters; 32

32 • Predict the likely impacts on water quality due to the project and related activities. 4.2.1 WATER MONITORING To analyse the suitability of water for domestic purpose, sample from open well near to the project site and Surface water were collected by NABL accredited laboratory and samples were analysed for physical, chemical and biological parameters. Table No. 11 - Water Quality Monitoring Values Parameters Bore Well Water

Colour <5 Hazen Unit

Turbidity 4 NTU pH 7.5 TDS 625 mg/l Total Hardness 190 mg/l Chloride 75 mg/l Calcium 54 mg/l Magnesium 25 mg/l Iron <0.01 mg/l Sulphate 54 mg/l Zinc 0.16mg/l Coliform Absent

E coli Absent

Results & Conclusion: - The water samples collected and analysed from the locations discussed above it is observed that the water quality of water is fit after filtration, disinfection & treatment for domestic consumption and for activities attached with the mining operations except pH value, Turbidity, & Coliform bacteria. 4.2.2Water & Hydrogeology Environment The aquifer system in the district can be broadly divided into hard rock aquifers, laterite aquifers and sedimentary aquifers. The hard rock and laterite aquifers constitute major aquifer system of the district while the sedimentary aquifers are 33

33 seen along the coast and river courses. Groundwater occurs under phreatic, semi confined to confined conditions in the weathered and fractured portions of the crystalline formations and occurs semi-confined and confined condition in deep seated fractured and sedimentary formations. The depth to water level in pre-monsoon period ranges from 1.57 to 14.42 m bgl and in post monsoon period 0.53 to 11.73 mbgl. In general the water level is shallow during both monsoons particularly along valleys and topographically low areas. The data of ground water monitoring wells shows that around 13 % of the wells fall within 10.00 to 15.00 mbgl categories while 55% of the wells fall in the water level showing 5.00 to 10. 0 mbgl category and 23% of the wells falls in the 2.00 to 5.00 mbgl category and 9 % of the wells falls in the 0.00 to 2.00 mbgl during the pre monsoon. The post monsoon data reveals that the 13 % of the wells falls under 10.00 to 15.00 mbgl category and 54 % wells falls than 5.00 to 10.00 mbgl category and 8 % of the wells fall in the 0.00 to 2.00 mbgl. The depth to water level ranges of pre & post monsoon data of April& November . (CGWB report March 2009).

The ground water level measured from the nearest well is about 15-20 m below the ground level. The ultimate depth of the working of the quarry is 40m MSL. Since the working is much above the general ground water table, it does not affect the ground water. 4.3Noise Environment The main objective of noise monitoring in the study area is to establish the base line noise levels and assess the impact of the total noise expected to be generated during the mining operations in the project site. Instant sound level meter is used for the collection of data related to noise at an interval of one hour per reading. Noise level for 24 hours was conducted in a day within the site. Table No. 9- AMBIENT NOISE MONITORING RESULTS IN dB (A) Monitoring Location Ambient Sound Level in Ambient Sound Level in Day Time Night Time Near Quarry Office 52.6 dB (A) 40.5 dB (A) Near Quarry Gate 50.2 dB (A) 38.5 dB (A)

34 Results and Conclusion:- It is seen from the monitoring results that the Noise levels at monitoring station are within the prescribed national standards.

4.4 Biological Environment Biodiversity means the diversity or variety of plants and animals and other living thing in a particular region or area. An observation in the land use show that the area was mainly covered by coconut and rubber plantation and the entire permit area is devoid of any endemic flora and fauna. Faunal diversity is also observed to be not very rich with the occurrence of some common birds, amphibians, mammals and reptiles.

4.4.1 Aim of this report The assessment is conducted to develop a database on the floral and the faunal characteristic of the quarry of Mrs. Sini Antony. The report gives information regarding plants and animals around the mining site.

4.4.2 Methodology For the preliminary data collection field survey in the site was conducted and species list is developed after proper identification of the samples collected/ photographs taken and consulting relevant taxonomic literature. The assessment was focused on all taxonomic groups, such as plants, birds, fishes amphibians, insects, reptiles.

4.4.3 Flora: A detailed survey was carried out in the study area. Only a few number of flora were observed. Interviews were carried out with local people to collect information about the flora. Based on this, a detail list is prepared.

4.4.4 Fauna:

Mammals: The mammals in the study area were listed along the frequency of occurrence for sighting, calls, scats / fecal matter, track marks or other indirect signs transects as well as quadrant.

Birds: The birds on the area were studied by frequency of occurrence for sighting, 35

35 calls as well as other indirect signs and road kills along the sector.

Reptiles and Amphibians: The reptiles and amphibians were studied by direct sighting and indirect signs like molt as transect as well as quadrants.

4.4.5 Biodiversity of the Study Area

An observation in the land use show that the area and its surrounding was mainly covered by rubber plantation and the entire permit area is devoid of any endemic or endangered flora or fauna. A flora and fauna report is attached in Annexures.

Table 13. List of plants recorded from the quarrying and adjacent area Sl. Conservation No Botanical Names Family Common Name status 1 Eupatorium odorum Asteraceae Kammunistpacha Least concern 2 Mimosa pudica Mimosaceae Thottavady Least concern 3 Albizia odoratissima Mimosaceae Vaga Least concern 4 Solanum torvum Solanaceae Chunda Least concern 5 Gliricidia Sepium Fabaceae Sheemakkonna Least concern 6 Anacardium occidentale Anacardiaceae Kashumaavu Least concern 7 Mangifera Indica Anacardiaceae Maavu Least concern

FAUNA Reptiles & Mammals On the basis of field survey and communication with the local people, a list of reptiles and mammals in the study area are given in the table below:- Table 14. List of Reptiles & Mammals recorded from the core & buffer zone

Conservation Sl.No Scientific Names Common Names Malayalam Names status Reptiles

1 Ptyas mucosa Rat snake Chera Least concern 2 Calotes versicolor Garden lizard Oondu Least concern 3 Sphenomorphus sp. Skink Arana Least concern

36 Mammals

1 Mus musculus Mouse Chundeli Least concern 2 Felis domesticus Cat Poocha Least concern

Birds

Birds diversity in this region is very less compared to other part of Kerala. Some of the common birds in the study area are given in the table below.

Table 15 List of Birds recorded from the core & buffer zone Malayalam Conservation Sl.No Scientific Names Common Names Names status 1 Acridotheres tristis Common myna Myna Least concern 2 Milvus migrans Black kite Chakhi parundu Least concern 3 Motacilla cinerea Grey wagtail Vazhikulakhi Least concern 4 Corvus splendens House crow Kaka Least concern

CONCLUSIONS

The floral and faunal diversity of the area is found to be low when compared to the diversity of the country sides of Kerala. The present study area do not possesses any specific group of ecological important assemblages. Majority of the surrounding area was planted by coconut &rubber plantationand also this region does not come under any conservation reserves.

This region does not have any endemic or endangered species, so any development activity in the region does not have any direct bearing or significant influences in the ecosystem stability or biodiversity.

4.5 Socio Economics The major occupation of the Palakkad and adjacent Kozhikode district is Cultivation, Household activity, Livestock, Forestry, Mining, Quarrying activities. The quarrying activity will benefit local villages in both directly and in-directly. Direct beneficiary 37

37 will be those who get employed in Quarry as skilled and unskilled workers. a. Addressing concerns of local inhabitants like health, water, employment, resettlement / rehabilitation Proponent shall provide required Medical facility to all the employees at the quarry such as first aid, regular checkup, ambulance etc. In addition proponent also provides the medical checkup camps to the local villagers, supply of drinking water, and contribution of funds for social and cultural program. The proposed permit area extends over an area of 0.9696Ha. There are no settlements within the permit hold area, hence there is no resettlement or rehabilitation of the same. b. Compensation for loss of land, crops and other adverse impacts on account of mining Entire permit area belongs to lessee hence there is no compensation for loss of land. Due to the quarry activities, if any crop/s are damaged to the adjacent land, the lessee will pay the compensation for the said crop which will be decided by the agriculture / concerned department.

Chapter- V ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) The Environment Management Plan (EMP) for a development project prescribes the mitigation measures to be adopted to nullify or to minimize various anticipated environment impacts so as to ensure nil low impact due to the project to the surrounding environment. This will ensure sustainable development and environment friendly mining operations. The Environment Management Plan for various facets of environment is given below: -

5.1AIR ENVIRONMENT Anticipated Potential Impacts Drilling, Blasting & Transportation Apart from the mining operations of drilling & blasting, movement of vehicles like dumpers, trucks, tankers etc. will generate dust. The transportation activities on 38

38 unpaved area will results in fugitive emissions to the tune of 1.261 kg/VkmT for PM10 and 0.96 kg/VkmT for PM2.5.(Calculation based on USEPA- AP 42 series.).

Gaseous Emission rate due to transportation CO 5.45 g/kWh HC 0.78 g/kWh NO2 5.0 g/kWh

Mitigation Measures: Mining activities will generate certain quantities of dust during drilling, blasting, loading and transportation operations. The following measures will be taken to mitigate the fugitive dust from these operations. • Laying of haul road as per the standards, black topping of permanent haul road and service road to avoid or eliminate air – borne dust.

• To avoid the dust generation from the drilling operations, wet drilling method will be adopted.

• Drill machines will be equipped with dust collectors.

• Use of appropriate explosives for blasting and avoiding overcharging of blast holes.

• Controlled blasting techniques will be adopted.

• Watering of haul road and other road at regular intervals.

• Provision of dust filters/ mask to workers for highly dust prone and affected areas.

• Provision of green belt all along the periphery of the permit area.

• Periodical monitoring of ambient air quality in and around the permit area.

39 The extracted mineral will be transported from the quarry to the end user by adopting following measures so as to minimize dust emissions.

• In case of long transportation the trucks after loading will be covered with tarpaulin sheets.

• Speed of the vehicles will be maintained within the prescribed limits.

• Trucks will not be over loaded and will be maintained to the body level.

5.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT 5.2.1WATER FOR DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION Anticipated Potential Impacts From the analysis report of the water sample collected from the open well, it is observed the water from the open well is having Turbidity & Coliform bacteria which are within the permissible standard. But still consumption of non potable water is not recommended, to avoid water borne diseases and which will affect the health of workers attached to project. Mitigation Measures: It is suggested to adopt appropriate treatment / filtration / disinfection of water before consumption. 5.2.2DOMESTIC SEWAGE Anticipated Potential Impacts The domestic sewage generation, if discharged untreated, can contaminate the groundwater and other ground & surface water sources. Mitigation Measures: The sewage generated from the site will be diverted to the septic tank followed by soak pit. 5.2.3STORM WATER CONTAMINATION WITH SILT Anticipated Potential Impacts Mining activities may cause adverse impacts due to siltation due to runoff/ storm water. An impact due to soil erosion during monsoon period is also significant in 40

40 nature. This also has the potential to clog the water channels and to spoil agriculture. Mitigation Measures: Some of the control measures adopted for controlling water pollution due to the siltation of storm water by mining operations are as follows:- • Storm water drains with silt traps will be suitably constructed all along the periphery of the pit area (Garland drains) to collect the run-off from the permit area and divert into the storm water pond/tanks proposed within the complex.

• Appropriate channelization of storm water with channels of sufficient width

• All measures will be taken not to disturb the existing drainage pattern adjacent to the other property.

• De-siltation traps and storm water collection pond proposed for silt removal.

• The storm water collected from the permit area will be utilized for dust suppression on haul roads, plantation within the premises, etc.

• The layout of channelization of storm water from the project site is shown in the environmental plan and in the storm water drainage plan.

• Construction of check dams and collecting channel all around at the foot of the hill to prevent soil erosion during the monsoon season and also to collect the storm water for various use within the mine permit area.

5.2.4. CONSUMPTION OF WATER – A NATURAL RESOURCE Anticipated Potential Impacts The mining operations require large quantity of water for dust suppression, wetting of roads etc. Therefore, if appropriate measures are not adopted, it will lead to withdrawal of large quantity of ground water and which will deplete the ground water table. MITIGATION MEASURES – CONSERVATION OF WATER • The quarry site has got potential to store large quantity of storm water. The storing of surface run-off can be done in a storm water collection pond. 41

41 Stored storm water can be used for dust suppression & greenbelt development which will reduce / eliminate the usage of fresh water. Therefore, the conservation of water is achieved.

• Further, in the mine closure phase of the mine, a large area is proposed to be used as surface run-off storage structure. The stored rain water will be used for maintenance of eco-restoration carried out in the mine permit area.

5.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT The Noise is the environment attribute associated with the quarrying activity and operation of heavy machinery operation which causes vibration and noise. The quarrying operation will be restricted to only day time. To attenuate noise, various measures shall be taken up from the source point. The activity such as drilling shall be updated to latest technology which involves wet drilling technology and blasting will be carried out with controlled mechanism. Persons who are exposed to critical operation like drilling and operation of excavators are being provided with personal protective equipment’s (PPEs) as Occupational Safety Measures. Greenbelt will be developed, which will act as an acoustic barrier for noise transmission. Mitigation Measures The following noise control measures are undertaken to bring down the noise levels:- • Proper maintenance of machinery, equipment’s and improvement on design of machines.

• Use of personal protective devices i.e., earmuffs and earplugs by workers, who are working in high noise generating areas.

• Creation of wide green belt of dense foliage between mine areas and residential colonies.

• Regular medical check-up related health problems

• Proper training to personnel to create awareness about adverse noise level effects.

42 • Planned noise monitoring at suitable locations in the plant and outside location for proper effective remedial actions.

5.4.1LAND ENVIRONMENT Anticipated Potential Impacts A. Land use change B. Loss of Top soil & overburden C. Soil erosion due to storm water Mitigation Measures In order to minimize the adverse effects, the following suggestions have been made. • Concurrent eco restoration will be carried out.

• Green belt development along the boundary of the permit area.

• It is proposed to reclaim the pit area and this area will be suitably planted with local species for eco-restoration in all possible means.

• Proper barricading and monitoring of the water stored area will be taken up to prevent accidents (if any)

5.4.2OTHER ANTICIPATED POTENTIAL IMPACTS IN LAND ENVIRONMENT 5.4.2.1. GROUND VIBRATIONS • The only source of ground vibrations is due to blasting operations. Based on the ground vibration studies made earlier proper care will be taken during blasting.

5.4.2.2. BLASTING HAZARDS • Blasting in mining areas may give rise to ground vibrations. Fly rock is another problem that deserves attention. Based on the ground vibration studies made earlier, proper precautions will be taken during blasting operations for controlling the ground vibrations. 43

43 Mitigation Measures The mitigation measures for addressing the various impacts due to blasting operation are presented below. Controlled blasting technique will be adopted in this project in order to reduce blast vibrations. Further, charge per delay will be regulated to minimize blast vibrations. Proper hook-up will be adopted while firing the drill holes. Moreover the experience gained in other open cast mines would be gainfully utilized to limit the ground vibration levels within the prescribed limit of 15 mm/sec (as per DGMS). In practice, this is kept much less to about 10mm/sec.

In addition, the following guidelines will be adopted wherever required to check the ground vibrations:- • The maximum charge per delay will not be more than 10 kg so as to limit the PPV values to 10mm/ sec. (As against the permissible 15 mm/ sec.).

• Optimum delay sequence and stem to column ratio will be maintained to minimize the fly rock distance and ground vibration intensity.

• Basing on the distance of the nearest sensitive areas from the epicentre of the blast, large weight will be altered to meet the stipulated standards.

• Design of optimum blast hole geometry considering bench height, diameter of hole, type of explosive, nature of rock, level of fragmentation required etc.

• Divide total charge/ blast in several parts so as to keep minimum explosive per delay, i.e. use of millisecond delay detonators & relays.

• Avoid concentration of explosive by using deck charging.

• Avoiding blasting in unfavourable weather conditions.

5.4.2.3. FLY ROCK CONTROL MEASURES There are a large number of factors that influence fly rocks. Most important of these factors are long explosive columns with little stemming at the mouth of the hole,

44 irregular shape of face, long water column in holes, loose stones on face of the surface blasting area, and strong wind.

Mitigation Measures Certain preventive measures will be taken to minimize the risks arising from flying fragments. These are given below:-

• Marking of danger zone: - The area falling within 100 m of the blasting area will be marked off as danger zone with red flags, or other appropriate signs, and entry of any unauthorized person into this zone will be prohibited during blasting operation.

• Warning signals: - An audible warning signal will be given, fifteen minutes before actual firing of blast to enable persons to move out of danger zone. For this purpose, a set of sirens/ hooters will be provided at appropriate places.

• Providing blasting shelters: - In order to protect the personnel engaged in blasting operations, blasting shelters will be provided for taking shelter during blasting.

5.4.2.4. AIR BLAST CONTROL MEASURES The permit of explosive energy through air and movement of fragmented rocks are primary causes for noise and air over pressure during blasting. Mitigation Measures Adoption of the following measures while carrying out blasting operation will help in reducing the intensity of air blasts and will also minimize the noise level associated with the air blasts. The measures suggested are given below:- • Avoiding overcharging of blast holes

• Adequate stemming

• Maintaining proper inter-hole & inter-row delays.

45 5.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Anticipated Potential Impacts Clearing and cutting of trees, shrubs & herbs during the mining operations will have impact on biological environment by way of loss of habitat, loss of biodiversity. In order to compensate the anticipated impacts due to the mining activity, the following measures are proposed: Mitigation Measures 1. COMPENSATORY MASS PLANTATION PROGRAMME An area equivalent to about 10% of the area proposed for quarrying is reserved in the area owned by the project proponent outside the proposed quarry for compensatory mass plantation. The area selected is such that there is enough depth of top soil and overburden and the quarrying in this area is not proposed in future. In the instant project site, about 0.2699 hectare of land is dedicated to green belt / tree plantation so as to minimize the loss of biodiversity due to the mining activity.

2. GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT/ ECO-RESTORATION In the concurrent eco-restoration of mine, about 200 trees will be planted in an area of 0.4299 hectare. 3. RECOMMENDED SPECIES FOR ECO-RESTORATION PROGRAM For eco-restoration we are proposing inter cropping pattern of coffee and cocoa with rubber plantation. 5.6 MINE CLOSURE PLAN Various works that are to be taken up under the mine closure plan includes:- (i) Re-vegetation: It is proposed to develop green belt to about 80 % which includes areas like along mine permit boundary (7.5 m width), all along the periphery of the mine permit area and the reclaimed area. Grass and bushes will be planted in areas prone to erosion especially at the foot of the mine permit area. Other areas will be fertilized and planted with local species. The characteristics of this vegetation will resemble that of the natural environment except for the early growth, which may be a protective cover crop of non-seeding annuals. Before re-vegetation, the land will be properly prepared by spreading the top soil which is rich in organic contents.

46 Vegetation will be self-sufficient after planting and require no fertilization or maintenance.

(ii) Buildings and Infrastructure a. Site office building, Rest Room and Toilets These structures may be utilized for the mining project as the life of the mine is much more than the present permit period. b. Support & Transport Infrastructures As such there is no major infrastructure facilities planned in this project and does not call for importance. The main mining site and secondary access road will be kept in a sufficient condition to allow access for monitoring till such time any other authorities wish to maintain and legally accept responsibility for the access roads. c. Surface Equipment and Heavy Machinery No heavy and surface equipment are proposed in this project. Open cast semi mechanized method is used in this case. The equipment’s and small machinery if used will be taken out of the premises. d. Hazardous substances The hazardous materials and explosives will be totally evacuated from the mine site and the site will cleared of any such materials and substances.

(iii) Water Resource Management Prior to the commissioning of the project area the surface run-off used to flow naturally and used to join the nearby drainage nallahs/ streams. It is proposed to collect and hold this runoff/ storm water from the permit area including own property and use it for various purposes within the permit area. The grounding of the project will not be causing any alteration to the drainage pattern of the area. The quality of the water will be maintained in compliance with the general effluent standards / drinking water standards.

47 (iv)Monitoring: The monitoring of the mine closure plan is an essential requirement for review of the efficacy of the mine closure and to take corrective actions. The monitoring consists of measuring the air quality, water quality, preservation of landscape, aesthetic and other land use values.

(v) Submission of detailed Mine Closure Plan The detailed mine de-commissioning plan will be made on the above-mentioned principles, before the closure which will be submitted for approval. This plan will also provide the fund provision for the mine closure plan. The map showing conceptual plan (post mine closure plan) of the proposed mine area is available in the mining plan. 5.7 Social Responsibility To identify the needs of the nearby community to the project site, a community need assessment study was carried out. The main purpose of the study was to assist the project proponent in delivering their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). As per the guidelines of Company’s Act (Amendment) 2013, the study was mainly focused on the following areas. 1. PROMOTION OF EDUCATION 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY 3. HEALTH CARE 4. SOCIAL ASPECTS As part of study the socio economic expert conducted interviews with different stake holders of the Panchayat. The list of stake holders are given below

Identified Corporate Social Responsibility The Socio - Economic expert conducted Need Assessment study and identified Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) for the project proponent. The identified CSR activities are given below.

48 1. PROMOTION OF EDUCATION A. To improve the infrastructure facilities, the project will support the Kakkayur Govt UP school, near to our project. Particulars Total Amount Type of Expense Water Purifier 25,000 Non Recurring Toilet Construction 50,000 Non Recurring Library books 25,000 Recurring TOTAL 1,00,000

B. The project can start a scholarship and sponsorship programme for children’s. This initiation will help children to pursue higher education. Particulars Calculation Total Amount Type of Expense Scholarship for children 1,000 X 4 4,000 Recurring Special School Students School Kit (Bag, Uniform 1000 X 20 20,000 Recurring etc) TOTAL 24,000

2. ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY A. The project can plant 300 saplings in the region in association with various schools and clubs. This will help to aware children and public about the importance of nature. Particulars Calculation Total Amount Type of Expense Sapling 20 X 300 6,000 Non Recurring Protection Net 150 X 300 45,000 Non Recurring Maintenance 50 X 300 15,000 Recurring Working Cost 10,000 Non Recurring TOTAL 76,000

3. HEALTH CARE A. The project can support the people of Koduvayoor 2 Village, to construct Toilets and Houses. This initiation will help them to lead a safe and secure life.

49 Particulars Calculation Total Amount Type of Expense Toilet 25,000 X 2 50,000 Non Recurring house 50,000 X 1 50,000 Non Recurring TOTAL 1,00,000

B. Drinking water and food kit supply to nearby area Koduvayoor 2 Village Particulars Total Amount Type of Expense Drinking Water Supply 50,000 Recurring Food kit 50,000 Recurring TOTAL 1,00,000

4. SOCIAL ASPECTS To Conduct Medical camp association with private hospital Particulars Total Amount Type of Expense Medical camp 50,000 Recurring TOTAL 50,000

Table No.16-SUMMARY OF CSR ACTIVITIES PROPOSED FOR THE FIRST 5YEARS

Sl. Area of Intervention No of Recurring Nonrecurring No Intervention Expense Expense 1 Promotion of Education 2 49,000 75,000 2 Environmental 1 15,000 61,000 Sustainability 3 Health Care 2 1,00,000 1,00,000 4 Social Aspects 1 50,000 TOTAL 2,14,000 2,36,000

50 CHAPTER VI RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 6.1 FALL OF SIDES • Flatter slopes angles are adopted where occurrences of loose earth are encountered. • No disaster like land slide, flood or inundation or fire is anticipated in this case. • Unmanageable heights are not created. • Loose rocks are properly dressed. • Nature and structure of the rocks are properly studied for their slips. • The faces will slope at 45°. • The hanging wall, footwall & mineralized zone are competent to stand safely for long time.

6.2 STORAGE AND USE OF EXPLOSIVES • Proper and safe storage of explosives in approved and Licensed Magazine. • Proper, safe and careful handling and use of explosives by competent Blasters having Blaster’s Certificate of Competency issued by DGMS. • Proper security system to prevent theft/ pilferage, unauthorized entry into Magazine area and checking authorized persons to prevent carrying of match box, mobile phones, cigarette etc. • The explosives of class 2 will be used in their original cartridge packing and such cartridge shall not be cut to remove explosive for making cartridge of different size. • Detonators will be conveyed in special containers. These will not be carried with other explosives. • The holes which have been charged with explosives will not be left unattended till blasting is completed. • Before starting charging, clear audible warning signals by Sirens will be given so that people nearby can take shelter. • Blasting operations will be carried out in day times only. However, in this project the mining operations are proposed to be carried out in day times.

51 6.3 STORAGE OF OIL AND FUEL • Due care will be taken to avoid oil spillage. • Storage will not be allowed beyond necessity. • Fuel oil and lubricants will be stored only in approved containers in separate storerooms. Match box, lighters, mobile phone, dry wood, plastic paper sheets and smoking will not be allowed near the storage area.

6.4 WATER • Due care will be taken to provide channel all around the foot of the hill to collect run off and also to avoid soil erosion. • There is no danger of flood or inundation as the proposed working is above the normal ground level. The area is not susceptible to floods.

6.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN During mining activities, proper measures will be taken to ensure safety at site. In order to handle disaster/ emergency situations, an organizational chart entrusting responsibility to various project personnel will be prepared with their specific roles during emergency. 6.6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY The main areas of concern for ensuring adequate occupational health and safety are:- • All working places will have safe means of access, safe working platform and exit. Persons working in hazardous dust prone area will be provided with dust mask.

• Personal protective equipment’s like respirators, ear plug, noise muff, helmet etc. Will be provided to the workers.

• Proper unit design and engineering controls in order to protect workers, including by control of process and fugitive emissions.

• Adequate arrangement of drinking water will be done.

52 • Education & training will be provided to the workforce about facilities, protective equipment, risk associated, potential health effects, etc.

• Display board will be provided showing the hazards associated and recommended precautionary measures.

6.7 Site Management Measures The Quarry Permit area is an undulated rocky terrain with thin layers of soil as substratum and shrubby growth of weeds. The site is a rocky area with an outcrop of charnockite without extensive vegetation. The weeds and shrubby growth of plant are cleaned manually. The loose soil layer is removed and stored in the non-mining area, which will be used for plantation purpose. The boulder and the underneath rock bed consist of rock mass, which is the mother rock where the extraction of products shall be undertaken.

The number of workers for the current production including the machinery operators and drivers is 10(adult workers). The quarry shall not employ any children below 18 years. Also the workers are from nearby villages and no migrated laborers are employed for the current quarry operation. Thus settlement of migrated worker is not involved inside the Quarry Permit area, as the workers shall be daily waged laborers of the area. The main activity is drilling, excavation, storage and transportation of final product.

6.8 Drainage Management Before onset of monsoon, drains are cut along toe of the quarry faces to divert the surface run off. Garland drain is provided at the quarry top to regulate monsoon water and direct the same to the settling ponds / quarry pit to contain the quarry wash off and to avoid the same joining to the adjoining surface water bodies / water courses. It also helps to avert eventual collapses and damages to the quarry faces if any. The quarry is currently designed to avoid surface water courses and drainage channels. Sources of contamination from the operation that could affect water quality include dust from blasting and refueling for equipment. Blast residues from 53

53 explosives will be managed by ensuring that all material is ignited during the blasting process. Vehicle fueling will be conducted at a centralized fueling facility off site that has proper containment and spill response capability. Fueling for non-moveable onsite equipment, such as generators, will take place in a secured area with approved spill containment.

Chapter VII Environmental Control Measures

7.1 Environmental Management measures The entire quarry area is planned systematically and scientific method of mining with 5.0 bench height and 5.0 m bench width. Once the reserves are exhausted, the quarry pit will be reclaimed to the extent possible by suitable plantation. Some area of the pit will be retained as water pond with fencing around the quarry permit. Qualified Mines Manager will supervise mined area management. Mines Manager will identify the suitable personnel for implementation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

7.2 Safety and Environment Management measures • Mitigation measures will be taken in respect to non - compliance. •Review of the safety practices being followed and additional safety measures if necessary. • Identification of unsafe conditions/ practices prevailing in the area and mitigation measures, If any. • Arrangement of training to develop safety awareness among all staff including laborers. • Preparation of safety codes/ manuals of operations which will be distributed to workers.

7.3 Occupational Health measures An occupational health unit will be organized and the proposed measures will be adopted: 54

54 • Periodic Medical Checkup program for all the workers. • Compulsory medical checkup program for risk group • Training for workers regarding occupational hazards. • Lung function test for workers exposed to dusts.

7.4 Post Environmental Clearance Monitoring Programme An environmental monitoring cell will be constituted for constant monitoring of environmental parameters like air, water, noise and soil to assess the status of environment during mine operations and other activities. The environmental monitoring cell will conduct routine monitoring as given below to ensure the protection of environment from any degradation. Besides, the compliances to all environmental clearance conditions and consents from KSPCB / MOEF will be monitored and reported periodically.

Table No.17- Post Environmental Clearance Monitoring Programme

SI Potential Actions to be Followed Parameters Frequency of Locatio No Impact for Monitoring n Monitoring

1. Air Emissions Ambient air quality within the PM10,PM2.5, Once in a year Atleast

project site from four corners. SO2 and one

NOx location at site and nearest habitati on

55 Good conditioned vehicles shall Systematic Daily Records Main be used to ferry the rock maintenanc Entranc fragments by making minimum e of Vehicle e number of trips from the logs project site. Periodic vehicular servicing shall be carried out to limit the vehicular emission within the standard prescribed by PCB The main source of the dust emission is from haulage road and quarry site .To minimize the dust emission, periodic maintenance of the haulage road, sprinkling of water along the haulage road and the quarry site, shall be carried out. 2. Noise Noise is mainly generated from Spot noise Once in a year Noise quarrying activities and level measur operation of heavy machinery recording ement and vehicular movements. To during and at site minimize noise disturbance the after and quarrying operations shall be blasting. nearby restricted to day time, vehicular habitati movements shall be minimized, ons the drilling technology shall be updated to the latest and blasting shall be carried out with controlled mechanism and green belt can be developed which act as an acoustic barrier

56 for noise transmission. 3. Waste water Waste water and solid waste No Periodic during - and solid generated from the domestic discharge operational waste activity will be disposed will be phases. discharge through septic tanks and soak made in to pits. or in the The quarry wash off will be vicinity of directed to the quarry pit. No water untreated discharge to be courses. made to the surface water, ground water or soil. 4. Drainage Drains will be cut along toe of Visual Periodic during - management the quarry faces to divert the inspection operation . surface runoff. of drainage phase. Garland drain shall be provided & mitigative at the quarry top to regulate measures. monsoon - storm water and direct the same to the settling ponds. 5. Water quality Used water and ground water Comprehen Periodic during 3 and Water shall be monitored for sive operation location levels. assessing the quality and the monitoring phase surroun ground water level will be as per IS ding checked. 10500 the mine site 6 Energy usage Energy usage will be minimised Energy Annual audits - as possible. Consumption of audit and periodic conventional energy will be report. checks during reduced by utilizing renewable operational energy sources. phases

57 7 Emergency Assessment of fire protection Mock drill Periodic during - preparedness and safety measures to take records and operational such as fire care of fire and explosion onsite phases fighting hazards and steps taken for emergency their prevention plans 8 Maintenance Vegetation, green belt/green No. of During - of flora and cover development plants, monsoon fauna. species 9 Waste Implement waste management Records of Periodic - Management plan that identifies and solid waste during- characterizes every waste generation operation arising associated with and phase proposed activities and which disposal. identifies the procedures for collection ,handling and disposal of each waste arising 10 Health Periodical Medical check-up Occupation As per Mines - programmes, Training for al Health Acts workers regarding occupational Checkup. hazards

7.5 Environmental control cost estimate S. No. Description of item Recurring cost 1 Air Pollution Control - Water sprinkling 50,000 2 Water Pollution Control 25,000 3 Environmental Monitoring and Management 50,000 4 Green belt Development 25,000 Total 1,50,000

Additionally, 1% of annual profit shall be given to concerned Panchayat for

58 Biodiversity Management Committee toward eco-restoration.

Conclusion It is predicted that socio-economic impact due to this project will positively bring prosperity and improvements in physical and social infrastructure in the area. It will increase the chance of more employment to local people. There is no resettlement and rehabilitation involved in this project. Revenue of the state government and central government will be increased through collection of various taxes. The entire project area is devoid of any endangered flora and fauna.

It is proposed to reclaim the land to a maximum possible extent by providing green belt in refilling and surrounding areas. In addition to this 10% of the total area is converted to water pond. Thus the proposed project is not likely to affect the environment or adjacent ecosystem adversely. ***********

ANNEXURES

60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173