WESTERNAUSTRAL]AN HERBARIUM RESEARCH NOTES No. 5. 1981: 81-109

THE DISTRIBUTIONOF BORAGINACEAEIN WESTERNAUSTRALIA IN RELATION TO THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ECHIUM PLANTAGINEUM L.

By John K. Scottl and Kevin F. Kermeally2

1. Entonology Branch, Departnent of Agriculture, Jarrah Road, South Perth, W.A. 6151.

2. Western Australian Herbariun, George Street, South Perth, l\I.A. 6151

ABSTRACT

DistrLbution maps based on 10 Lat. x 1.5o Long. gz"Ld.az,e giuen for the 55 descv"Lbedspecies of natiue ard introduced Eoraginaceae in Western Atrctralia. The species are aLso Listed for. each of the 18J gr"td celLs couerLrq the Sl:ate. Nine of the species are introduced, incLudLng Echium p l anta gineum L. uhich i.s the subject of bioLogical contToL by insects. Natiue speci.es of could prolide altet:natiue host and a mechanism for the spread of insecl;s beb,seendestern and easterm Australia.

INTRODUCTION

The pasture weed, Echiun plantagineum L. (Patersonrs Curse, also known as Salvation Jane) is the subject of biological control by insects. A11 the four species of insect that are intended for release are possibly not specific to nenbers of the Echiwn but thought to be restricted to a snall group of the Boraginaceae (Kirk and Wapshere 1979; Wapshere and Kirk 1977). Consequently it is desirable to know whether posslble afternative host plants in the same family of plants (Boraginaceae) occur in .

There has been little research on the native Boraginaceae of Western Austaalia. The narnes used in this paper are based on present taxonornic knowledge of the fanily except ln Halgarti.a where one of us (KFK) has carried out a prelininary taxonomic investigation. Several undescribed taxa require naning and only one distribution nap., for Heliotropi.un tmdulatun Vahl ., has been published. (Rye et aL. t980), Piggin (1977) gives a distri- bution map of Echium pLcntagineum for Australia. The intention of this paper is to list those described species of Boraginaceae occurring in Western Australia and to give their distribution based on herbarium specimens. This infornation is considered in relation to the known distribution of Echium plcm,taginetrn and the biological control of this weed. J.K. Scott & K.F, Kenneally No. 5

METHODS

The nethods used to nap the Boraginaceae follow those of Hnatiuk and^ Maslj.n (1980a apd b). Species distributions have been recorded using a 1" latitude by 1.5" longitude grid systern based on the 1:250,000 topographical suryey naps produced by the Division of National Mapping, Canberra. The numbering of each grid ce1l follows that of Brook (1977) . We used 181 grid cells. Figure L of Hnatiuk a]Id Maslin (1980a) gives the grid ce1l nr.mbers. To their 179 grid cells we have added two, Houtnan Abrolhos (grid cell number 223) and the islets of the Ashmore Reef, Tinor Sea (no grid cell number al located) .

The 55 species napped are aranged alphatretically and the occurrence in a grid cell is indicated by a "quadrang1e". The nunber of occurrences in each grid are sumrnedto provide the naps of all species, native species only and introduced species only per grid ce11 (Flgure 1). The grid cells with their lists of species are arranged in ascending nurnerical order of map nunber beginning with Ashmore Reef. Introduced species are indicated on both the maps and list by ar asterlsk, The specinens upon which the naps are based are annotated as voucher specirnens and housed in the Western Australian Herbarium (PERTH).

RESULTS

The species found in Western Australia are listed in Table 1. AIso indicated are those that are introduced and/or overlap with the distribution of E. plantagirrcun. There is a total of 55 species fron 18 genera of whlch nine species are introduced. There are 11 genera containing only native species and six genera containing only introduced species with one genus, Heliotz,opium, represented by both native and introduced species. The largesr genus is Heliotropiun with 20 species, followed by HaLgartia wlth 16 species. Twenty three species overlap the distribution of E. plantagineun, Six of these are introduced. Figure 1A gives the total species nunber per grid cell whlle Figure 18 lists the native species per grid cell and Figure lC the introduced species per grid ce1l. Figure lD gives the corresponding grid cell nunbers. More native species are found in the northern half of Western Australia when compared with the southem half while the introduced species occur in the south west. Species of Boraginaceae are found more or less throughout Western Australia, the gaeatest number being 11 species for grid cell nunbers lt}, 777 and 255. The greatest total of introduced species per grid cell is five and this occurs in the Pefth grld cell. In Table 2 the species are listed for each grid cel1 number and following Figure l the distribution of each species is presented alphabetically.

DISCUSSION

Table 1 indicates those species of native Boraginaceae that overlap the distTibution of E. p Lantapli.reum. Sornenatiye species nay becone alternitive hosts for introduced biological control agents particularly as one of the insects, the Echium leaf miner, DLalectica scalartella (Zeller), attacks genera of Boraginaceae other than Eehitun (Wapshere and Kirk 1977J. The other genera attacked by this insect lnclude Anchusa, Boraga, CynogLosswn, Heliott opium, Myosoti.s and,Symphg tun. AI1 slx genera are present in Western AustTalia and three, Cynoglosstrn, HeLiotropiun and,Myosotis contai-n native No. 5 Boraginaceae species distributions 83

Table 1. Species of Boraginaceae recorded from Western Australia.

Species Introduced Overclapping (I) Echiun (E)

Amsi,ncki,acaly cina (Moris) Chater E Amsi.nckia Lgcopsoides (Lehn.) Lehn. Anchtea cdpensis Th.r:rr.b. ;

PvL qqv vJ J E Buglossoides araerlsi.s (L.) I.M, Johnston CoLdewLaproemberls L . : Cov,il:iasub cordnl;a Lam. CgnogLosswnaustrale R,Br. Echiun pLantagineum L. Ehretia saligna R,B'r, Ehretia urceoLata W.V. Fitzg. Halgania andronedLfoLia Behr G F. Muell . ; HaLgani,a oyg7vophALLd Diels Halgania bebt:ana Oldfield & F. l'luell. ; HaLgcn'tLacorymbosa Lindl . E HalganLa cyanea Lindl . HaLgutia erecta Ewart & Rees : Halgonia glabra J.M. Black Halgonia gus1;afs enii F. Muell, HaLgani.a Lat andtrLacea End\ . E HalgartLa Littov'alis Gaud. E Halgania pz'eis siann Lehn. E HaLgaria z,Lgida S. l,bore E HaLgania ser"Lci f'Lora Benth. E Halgania solanacea F. Muell. Ealgania tomentosa (R. Helms) Ewart & J, White E HaLgaria ui,scosa S. Moore Heliott opiun asperr.LmumR.Br. : Heliotropiun bacciferum Fotsk . HeLiol:r'opiun bracteak rm R.Br . Heliotropi.un conocarT)umF. Muell. ex Benth. HeLiotropium crtspatwn F. lvluell. ex Benth. HeLi otropiwn anrutinghanLi Benth. EeLiott'opitm cuJ.assd.Di cutn L. HeLiott:opiun dLuersifoLiun F. Ittuell, ex Benth. : Heliot?opiun epacr"LdeumF. I\fuell. ex Benth. Hel.Lott:opiun europoewnL. Heliotropium f1.auifLorwm W.V. Fitzg. i HeLiotz'opiun hetermtthutn (F. Mue11.) Ewart & 0.B. Davies EeLi ott:opitun or:ali foliun Forsk. Helio tnopium pawiculatum R.Br. Heliotropium pleioptertm F, Irtuel1 . Heliotropiun strigoswn WtILd. HeLi ott'opiurn supirwm L. HeLiotz:opiun tera ifoLiun R.Bt:. HeliotroyLum un&,tlatum Yaht.. ; HeLi ott:opi,um uentricosttn R.Bt:. lAessersclrnidia argentea (L.f.) I.M. Johnston Itgosotis austT.c.LisR.Br , ; Anpl.nlolappula concaua (F. Itue1l.) Brand E 84 J ,K. Scott q K,F. Kenneall.y No. 5

Table 1 (cont,)

Speci es Introduced Overlapping (I) Echiun (E)

Plagiobothrg s aLlstralasicus (DC.) I.M. Johnston Symphgh.rm offiaLnaLe L. Tournefortia mollis F. ltveLL . Tz,ichodesma zeylanLcwn (Burn.f.) R.Br. L ^,",e11 I aL . Lu,, o. yu . Iv"i chodesmazeyLanicwn (Burn.f,) R.Br, var. zeglanLcwn

species. A similar situation exists for the Echium borer, Phytoecia coetw1,escens(Kirk and Wapshere 1979). Thus it could be possible for insects to spread, via native species, to the eastern half of Australia or vice versa. The native species are rnostly perennial shrubs as opposed to the introduced annual species. The presence of these native shrubs could provide elterna- tive food for insects during sumrnerwhen nost plants of E. pLantagineun die.

Somenative species of Boraginaceae occur on both nearshore (Abrolhos Islands) and offshore islards (Ashnore Reef) where they may constitute, as in the latter exanrple, an inportant component of the island flora (e.g. MesserschmidLa argentea). The effect of insect damage on populations of these pLants is unknown.

The maps, being based on herbarium specinens, suggest a lack of collecting of species of Boraginaceae, e.g. CynogLosstrnaustTale. Taxonornic uncertainty about species is also suggested by the naps, e.g. Halgani.a glabz'a, The greatest abundance of species is associated with towns or rnajor roads while grid cel1s where no species occur suggests a lack of collecting in these remote areas. An interesting area for the centre of Australia is grid ceI1 186, centred on the Rawlinson Range. Here the greater species abmdance compared with surrounding areas probably reflects the presence of the Giles Weather Station, the Rawlinson Ranges and the major central Australian road for the area. The nunber of species given for thls area is possibly a better indication of the actual nunbers near the border of Western Australia than the nurnbers glven in Figure 1.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENIS

lve are grateful to R.J. Hnatiuk and B.R. Maslin for providing the base naps used in this survey, Karen Barker and Cheryl Lynch assisted with the mapping and Janis Rooke and Vicki tlaml ey typed the manuscript. We are grateful forc conments on the nanuscript from E.S. De1 Fosse, J.Ia/. Green, S.D. Hopper, B.R._Maslin and J. Sandow. An opportunity to exanin e HalgartLa type specirnens and collections in overseas institutions was provided bv a Churchill, FeIlol{/ship awarded to K.F. Kenneally. The |l/instol| Churchill Menorial Trust is gratefully acknowledged. No. 5 Boraginaceae species distribution 85

REFERENCES

Brook, A.J. (1977). ABIGS TechwLcal Mrntual. Dept. Zoology, University of Melbourne, 57 pp. Hnatiuk, R.J. and Maslin, B.R. (1980a). The distribution of Acacia ( Leguninosae-Mimosoideae)in Western Australia, part 1. Individual species distribution. Western Australian Herbay,i.u,nReseay,ch Notes 4: 1-103. Hnatiuk, R.J. and Maslin, B.R. (1980b). The distribution of Acacia ( Legrrninosae-Minosoideae) in Western Australia, part 2. Lists of species occurring in l" x I.5" gr:jd cells. Western Australian Hez,baz"LurnReseaych Notes 4: 105-144. Kirk, A,A, and Wapshere, A.J, (19791. The life history and host specificity of the Echiu,n boter, Phytoecia coerulescens (Col: Ceranbycidae) . Entomophaga 24: 423-430. Piggin, C.Vl. (1,977). The herbaceous species of Echium (Boraginaceae) naturalised in Australi-a, MueLlet+a 3: 215-244. Rye, B.L., Hopper, S.D. and Watson, L.E. (1980), Conmercially expl-oited vascular plants native in Western Australia: census. atlas and preliminary assessnent of conservation status. Western Australian Department of Ftlsher4es and Wildlife. Report No. 40. Wapshere, A.J. and Kirk, A.A. (1977). The biology and host specificity of the Echium leaf miner Di.alecttca scaeariella (Zerler) (Lepidoptera:'627-$1.- ' Gracillariidae). BulLetin of Entomological Rbsearci 67:

Table 2. Lists of species occurring in 10 x 1.5o grid cells. (* indicates introduced species).

NO GRID CELL NUMBERASHMORE REEF GRID CELL 107 CAMDENSOUND Mes s ey s cLtni di a ar g ent ea HeLiott opiun pani culaturn T r"Lcho de ena z ey Lani cun var. zeglaricum GRID CELL 102 LONDONDERRY HeLi ott:opium flauiflot un He Li o t rop ium p ani cuLatun GRiD CELL 108 PRINCEREGENT T ri ch o de s ma z ey Lani cum Ehretia saligna vat. Latisepalwn TrL ch o de s ma z eg Lcrnl cun vat. zeylanicum

GRID CELL 103 BROWSEISLAND No species recorded GRID CELL 109 ASHTON No species recorded

GRID CELL 104 MONTAGUESOUND Helio tropium s tz,i g osum GRIDCELL 110 CAMBRIDGEGULF Coldenia proctmbens Coy,dLa suhcoz,data GRID CELL 105 DRYSDALE Ehretia saligna Tri ch o de sma z ey Lani cum He Li o t ropi um c ono c arpun var. zeglanicum He Li ot ropium p arr")culat um HeLi otr'opiun s tni g o sun Heli ot ropium tenui f oliurn GRID CELL 106 MEDUSABANKS Heliotropium uentrico swn No species recorded ?outnefortia mollis 86 J.K. Scott q K.F. Kenneally No. 5

GRIDCELL 110 (cont.) GRIDCELL 118 (cont. J Trichodesna zeg Lanicum HeLi ol;t:opi,um t enw)foli,un var. LatisepaLum TrLcho de sma zey Lani,cum Iricho desma zeg LanLcum var. Lati.sepalun var. zeglanicum

GR-ID CELL 119 LANSDOWNE GRIDCELL 111 PENDER He Lt o t n opi.un p ani c uL atum \ln cnpni a< r acnrrl pd TrL cho desma z eg Lani cun var. zeylan)cum

GRID CELL 112 YAMPI Nn cnani ac racnr.l ad -GRIDCELL 120 DIXONRAN GE He Li ot t' oy,,iutn c ona c arpum Trichodesma zey loni. cum GRIDCELL 115 CHARNLEY var. Latisepalum HeL"Jotrop iun conocarputn Iri..chodesna zey Lani cun HeLiott opi.un uentz"Lcosum var. zeglanicum Tr"L ch o de s ma zey Lani cum var. zeylan"Jctrn GRID CELL 121 LAGRANGE HalganLa glabra GRIDCELL 114 MI. ELIZABETH 'tri chodesno zey Lani cwn Heli o1;r,opiwn ouaLif olium vat. zeylorticum Tr,i chode sma zey LanLcwn vat:. zeylmticwn GRID CELL 122 MI . ANDERSON HaLgania solanacea GRIDCELL 115 LISSADELL He Li,ot rop ium ou ali. f o Lium He Li o trop i,um p ani cul atun HeLi. o tr opiwn p ani cu1,atwn He Li o Lr opLum t enuL f o Lium He Li o 1:ropiwn t enui f o Lium I rtchodesma zey lani cun var. zegLaricum GR]DCELL 116 BROOME Ehretia salLgna HeLi otropiun pan LcuLatun GRID CELL 123 NOONKANBAH HaLgania solanacea HeLi ott:opit m c onoc arpwn GRIDCELL 117 DERBY Heliotropium pmt i. culatum Ehretia saligna He Li otr opiuan t enui f olium Eht:etia uvceolata Ty.t cho desma z ey Lari cum HeLi o tr opi,um b ac ci f ez"un var. zeyLawLcum HeLi o tropium cunni'nghamii HeLiotroplwn d Luers i foliun He Li ot rop ium pani,c ulatum GRID CELL 124 MT. MMSAY Heliotropiun s tr"Jg o swn HaLgania solanncea Heli otr,opiun tenui f oLiun H.?7.;..f n..."tm onoen i.deurn He Li o tr opi,um uen trL c os wn He Li ol; t opium f Laui f Lo rum TrL chode sma ze y Lani,cwn He Li.ot t, opi, un p ani cul a tum var. Latisepalu,tn T ni.chodesna zegLani cu-n I t t)chode sma zegLani ctan vat. zeglmticun var . zeylanicum

GRID CELL 125 GORDONDOWNS GRIDCELL 118 LENNARDRIVER HaLgania solaracea Ehretia saligrn He Li ot r'opium c onoc arpum HeLi o tropium ouali f o LLun Hel Jotropium curassaDicum He Li o tropium p ani.culatum No. 5 Boraginaceae species distribution 97

GRIDCELL 125 (cont.) GRID CELL 135 ROEBOURNE I ri. cho desma z eg Lani cum Ehretia saligna var . Latisepalw'n Heli. otnapitan crispatun Tri cho de sma z ey Lantcum HeL i. ot rop i l,n aurassoD;.cnn var, zeglantcum ? y,i cho de s na z ey Law)cum var. zeyLanicum

GRIDCELL 126 BEDOUTISLAND ,.-7.'-,.. '.o'l i,,tn GRID CELL 136 PORTHEDLAND Ehr,etia sallgna HeLL otz,opiwn cz,i sp atun GRID CELL 127 MANDOM Hel Iotropiun curassau i.cum Halgania solmncea HeLi otropiun he t ey,anthum ,,m uaTi n I nnq: ^.'n7; foliux HeLi o tropiun ouali f olLun HeL'L o t r opit unp ani culatum Heli o tt'opium p ani cul atum HeLiotropLum t enui f olLum HeL'L ott:opium terai, f oli,un I t i,ch od e sma z egL ani,c um Heli o tr opium undul atum var. zeylonicum ?y"t,chodesma zeylant cun var. zeylanicum

GRIDCELL 128 MUNRO Nn

GRID CELL 130 CROSSLAND GRIDCELL 138 ANKETELL No

GRID CELL 131 MI . BANNERMAN HeL;- otropium t enuLf oliun GRID CELL 139 JOANNASPRING Halgania solanacea

GRID CELL 132 BILLILUNA Halgania solanacea GRID CELL 140 DUMMER HeLi o tropium dtx ez'si fo Liun No speci es recorded

GRID CELL 135 BARROWISLAND GRIDCELL 141 CORNISH Heli otropLum ouali f olium He Li o t t opi wn o.oali f o Lium He LLo trop ium undul atun He Li ot r'opium t enui f o Lium Tri chode sma z ey Lanicum vat. zeylanicum GRID CELL 142 LUCAS Halgani.a solanacea GRID CELL 134 DAMPIER He LLo tr opium epac ri deun He Li ot rop i,u,rnou ali f o Liun Heli o tr opiun p ani cul atum u -7-'-t --^i..v " .-; - Latwn Helt- otropiun tenui fo Lintn Heli otropium undulatum GRID CELL 144 ONSLOW Trt cho de sma z ey Lani c um CordLa subcordnta var. zeylanicurn Ehretia sal'Lgna 88 J.K. Scott Q K.F. KennealIy No, 5

GRIDCELL 144 (cont.) GR]D CELL 155 YANREY Heli otr opium cri,sp atwn HaLgmLia uiscosa HeZiottopiun cul assau icum HeLi otz:opium crL spatum Heliotropium ten folLun HeLiotrop.Lum oualifoLiun Heli o tt opi.un undttlatun He Li ot r opium undt Llatum I:ri cho de sna z ey Lani cun var. zeglanicum GRIDCELL 156 WYLOO Heliotropiun he t eyanthutn GRID CELL 145 YARMLOOLA Cordia subcoydata He I LoLxop i um c "r.nos so uicum GRIDCELL 157 MI . BRUCE HeLi o Lropitan curninghanii He Li otropium ou aLi fo LLum GRID CELL 146 PYRAMID Tyi cho des ma z eg LanLcum I ri, ch o de s ma z eg Lani cum var, zeylarticum va'r, zeylanicum

GRID CELL 158 ROYHILL GRID CELL 147 MARBLEBAR He Li o tr. opium undul atun lle k,ot"op1,um cr4 spatwn Tz,i cho de sma z eg Lani cum Heli otropium ouali f oliun van:. zeyLant ctan HeL'L o tt: opi wn p awLcul atum T dt cho de sma z ey Lari c usn var. zeglanicum GRIDCELL 159 BALFOURDOWNS Halgania soLanaeea Heli otropLwn ouali f o Liun GRID CELL 148 NULI.AGINE He Li o t r opiun cunw)nghonii. HeL i. ot z'opi,um f Laui f Lorwn GRID CELL 160 RUDALL HeLi atropium ouali f oliun Halgcmia solmtaeea H e Li o t r op Lwn t enui f o L.tum HeLi otropizun ouali f oliun I z,i cho de sma z ey Lani cum He Li o t r opium p ani c uLatum var. zegLanicum HeLi otropiun s tri g o surn HeLi otr.opittrn tenui foliutn GRID CELL 149 PATERSONRANGE No species recorded GRID CELL 161 TABLETOP Eeliott opium epacrt deu,rn

GR]D CELL 150 SA}IARA No speci es recorded GRIDCELL 162 URAL No speci es recorded

GRID CELL 151 PERCIVAL T :r"Lcho de s ma z ey Lani cwn GRID CELL 165 WILSON var. aeglanicun No speci es recorded

GRID CELL 152 HELENA GRIDCELL 164 WEBB No species recorded Halgania soLanacea

GRID CELL 153 STANSMORE GRID CELL 165 MINILYA No species recorded He Li ot ro piwn tmdula tum

GRID CELL 154 NINGALOO GR]D CELL 166 WINNINGPOOL No species recorded Halgania uiscosa No. 5 Boraginaceae specr-es distribution 89

GRIDCELL 167 EDMUND GRIDCELL 178 (cont. ) Heli o tr op ium c rL sp atun Tri cho de sma z ey Lani cum Heli ott op ium cunranghamLi var. zeyLanicun Heli ot rop ium cuy,as s atti cum Heli ot t opium he t eranthwn HeLi, o tn opium undul atum GRID CELL 179 MT. EGERTON HaLgania gustafsenii

GRID CELL 168 TUREECREEK No speci es record ed GRIDCELL 180 COLL]ER Halgani.a gLabra Halgani a gustafsenLi GRID CELL 169 NEWMAN T r-Lcho de sma z eg LartL cum Tri cho de s ma z ey Lani cun var. zegLanicum var. zeglanicum

GRID CELL 181 BULLEN GRIDCELL 170 ROBERTSON No species rec.orded Halgania s olanacea He Li o t r op iun ou ali f oLium GRIDCELL 182 TMJNOR No speci es record ed GRID CELL 171 GUNANYA No species recorded GR]D CELL 183 MADLEY No species recorded GRID CELL 172 RUNTON Heliott opiun baccifemtn GRIDCELL 184 WARRI No species recorded GRID CELL 173 MORRIS No speci es recorded GRID CELL 185 COBB No species recorded GRID CELL 174 RYAN Nn

GRID CELL 177 KENNEDYMNGE GRIDCELL 187 SHARKBAY Halgania serLci,fLora HalganLa Littoralis Helio Lropiun cunassouicum Heli ot r op iun undul atun HeLi ott opiun unduLatun I r+ cho de sma z eg Lan Lcun var. zeglanicurn GRID CELL 188 WOOMMEL He Li ot r op i.um undt LLatum Tr.L cho d es ma z ey Lan Lcwn GRIDCELL 178 MT. PHILLIPS var. zeglanicun Heli ot :ropiun c onoc arpwn Heli ot:r,opi,un heteranthwn '12735-7 90 J .K, Scott '& K.F. Kenneally No,

GRID CELL 189 GLENBURGH GRIDCELL 204 BELELE Halgani,a gLabra HalgawLa gloJcra Eeliotropium het eranthrtn HeLiotropium ouaLifoliun GRID CELL 190 ROBINSONMNGE Plagi.obothry s austnalasicus TrL chode sma zey Lanicum Tr,t chodesma zey Lani cutn var. zeg Lani.cum vat. zeyLanlcum

GRID CELL 191 PEAKHILL GRID CELL 205 GLENGARRY He Li. o t r op i tun h e t e ymtthwn HaLganLa cyanea HalgcrrLa gustafsewLi He Li. o t t: op i um oo ali f o Lis,tn GRID CELL 192 NABBERU No species recorded GRID CELL 206 l1/ILUNA Halgani.a cyartea GRID CELL 193 STANLEY He Li o L:ropiun curas s au Lcum No species recorded HeLi ot t:opi.un heteranthum TvL cho de sna z ey Lani eun var. zeylawLcum GRID CELL 194 HERBERT HalgmrLa globt'a I xi cho desma z ey Lani cum GRID CELL 207 KINGSTON vat. zeyLanicum Heli o t r.opiwn he t e twnthun

GRID CELL 195 BROWNE GRID CELL 208 ROBERT Halgania soLanacea No species recorded HeLi o tropiwn he te ranthum

GRID CELL 209 YOWALGA GRID CELL 196 BENTLEY HalganLa gustafsenii Halgania gLabt:a HaLgani.a solarncea Halgania solanacea

GRID CELL 210 TALBOT GRID CELL 197 SCOTT Halgania glabra HaLgania erecta HaLgani.a solanacea orphal olappula concaua EeLiotropiun ou aLi foLi.un T:r,Lchode sma zeglani.cum OrrpLnlo Lappula concata. var. zeyLanicwn

GRID CELL 211 COOPER GRID CELL 201 EDEL Cgnoglossum australe He LLot r opi wn asp er rLmum Halgania uiscosa HeLi. o tr opiwn p mti cul atum )nrphalo Lappula c onc ao a

GRID CELL 202 YARINGA No species recorded GRIDCELL 213 AJANA *Echium plantagi.neum Ha1.anni a annt,nnrht, l.lq GRID CELL 203 BYRO HaLganLa bebrarn T t"i cho desrna zeg LmtLcum HaLgarna preis s'Lartz var. zegLanicwn Halgania serLciflora No. 5 Boraginaceae species distribution 91

GRIDCELL 214 MURGOO GRIDCELL 225 YALGOO HeLiott opiun curas sauicun HaLg ani a ar gg z'ophy LLa P Lagi ob othrg s au s t ralasi,cu s Halgania prei.ssiarn Halgania serLcifLora HaLgania sola:4,a.cea GRID CELL 215 CUE Helio Lt,opium cuz,assauLcum HaLgania preissiana Otrphal oL qpul a c ollc aDa He Li ot rop i,um undul atum Onrphal o Lappul a c anc au a GRID CELL 226 KIRKALOCKA No species recorded GRID CELL 216 SANDSTONE Halgmtia cyanea HaLgattia uiscosa GRID CELL 227 YOUANMI Halgania uiscosa

GRID CELI, 217 SIR SAMUEL Halgania preissiana GRID CELL 228 LEONORA Tt ichodesma zeglanicum T y4 cho de s ma z eg Lani cum var. zeglanicum vat. zeylanicum

GRID CELL 218 DUKETON GRID CELL 229 LAVERTON Halgania cganea T y"Lchode sma z ey Lani cum vat. zeglaricum

GRIDCELL 219 THROSSELL No species recorded GRID CELL 230 MSON No species recorded

GRID CELL 220 WESTWOOD N^ cnp.i pc rarnrrlart GRID CELL 231 NEALE No species recorded

GRID CELL 221 LENNIS No species recorded GRID CELL 232 VERNON No species recorded

GRID CELL 222 WA]GEN No species recorded GRID CELL 233 WANNA No species recorded

GRID CELL 223 HOUTMANABROLHOS Cgnoglossum australe GRIDCELL 234 DONGAM xEchiun agineum Halgania pz,ei.ssiarn GRID CELL 224 GERALDTON HeLi ot z,opitm undttlatum *Buglossoi des ataensi s Halgania argyrophg LLa Halgania bebrana GRIDCELL 235 PERINJORI HaLgania preis siann Halgc:nia cy mtea Ealgania serLciflora Halgania preis si.ana HeLi of rop Lun curas sauicun Halgania soLanacea HeLiot t'opiun undulatum 0nphalolappuLa c oncaua Tri cho de s ma z ey Lani cwn vat:. zeylanicun GRIDCELL 236 NINGHAN Halgania solcnacea 92 J.K. Scott q K.F. Kenneally No. 5

GRID CELL 257 BARLEE GRIDCELL 248 (cont . ) No species recorded Halgania rtgLdn Halgaria uiscosa OnrphalolappuL a c onco1) a GRID CELL 238 MENZIES T14 chode sma z eg Lani cum Halgania cyanea var, zeyLawLcwn PLagi ob o thry s aus t ral asi cu s

GRIDCELL 249 KURNALPI GRID CELL 239 EDJUDINA HaLgmrLacyanea No species recorded Halgania r"Lgida HeLi o Lropi um aspez'rLnum *H e Li of r opium europaeum GRID CELL 240 MINIGWAL * HeLi ott:optwn supinun No species r ecorded

GRIDCELL 250 CUNDEELEE GRID CELL 241 PLUMRIDGE Halgania cyanea No specles recorded

GRIDCELL 251 SEEMORE GRID CELL 242 JUBILEE Halgania ui.scosa No species recorded }nrphal o 7.appuL a c oncao a

GRID CELL 243 MASON GRIDCELL 252 LOONGANA No species recorded No species recorded

GRID CELL 244 H-ILL RIVER GRIDCELL 253 FORREST No species recorded OnphaLolappuLa concqua

GRIDCELL 245 MOORA GRIDCELL 255 PERTH *EcWwn plcntagineun *Amsinckta caly cLna HaLgan i. a LauanduLac e a * BugLo s s oi des artsensi s * Echi. ttrn p Lant agi newn Halgania prei.ssiana HaLg an La attdt'onedt f oli a HaLgttnia corgmbosa EaLgania Laoqndulacea GRIDCELL 246 BENCUBBIN Halgani.a pz,eissiuta HaLgutia cyanea Heliott opiu,rncuras sauicum Halgania Lauandulacea * He Li ot ropiwn eur opaeutn Halgania pr,eissiana Mgosoti.s au,stralis Halgania uiscosa * Synphytum officirnle Trich o des ma z eg Lmti cum var, zeylanicum GRIDCELL 256 KELLERBERRIN *Aneinckia Lgc ops oi des GRIDCELL 247 JACKSON * BugL os s oid.es aruensi s No specl-es recorded Halgmtia andronedL folia Halgutia cyanea HaLgania Lauandulac ea GRIDCELL 248 KALGOORLIE IIaLgania prei,s siana xBug Lo s s oi des az,uensi s HaLgania r"Lgida *Echium p Lantaginewn HaLgan ia androned t f oLi a HaLgania cyarea No, 5 Boragi.naceaespecles distribution 93

GRIDCELL 257 SOUTHERNCROSS GRIDCELL 266 (cont. ) *Echitrn pLantaginewn Halgania preissiana HaLg ani.a andz,one dL f oli a Halgonia tonentosa HalganLa cyanea HaLgcnia oiscosa Ha Lg ani. a I atsanltLl ace a HaLgmtia preissiana HalgawLa tomentosa GRIDCELL 267 LAKEJOHNSTON Halgarria uiscosa HaLgania andz,omedi * folia HeLi o tropiwn europaeun HaLgania Ltrodndl:Lac ea Halgania pteis si.arw

GRIDCELL 258 BOORABBIN Halgonia andz'onedi foLia GRIDCELL 268 NORSEMAN HaLgmtia cyarea Halgania mtd.z.onedi folia HaLganLa Lauandulacea HaLgaii.a cy anea HaLganLariscosa EaLgawiapreissimta HalganLa r"Lgida GRIDCELL 259 WIDGIEMOOLTHA Halgania cgattea GRIDCELL 269 BALLADONIA HaLgmrLapr,ei.s siarn No species recorded Halgania r"Lgidn

GRIDCELL 270 CULVER GRIDCELL 260 ZANTHUS Halgmria mtdz,onedif olia No species recorded

CRTDCELL 271 BURNABBIE GRIDCELL 261 NARETHA HaLgani a odt oned i f oLi,a )rrphal oLappula c oncaue

GRIDCELL 272 NOONAERA GRIDCELL 262 MADUM No species recordec Halgo ia andtomedifolia

GRIDCELL 273 BUSSELTON GRIDCELL 263 EUCLA *Buglos s oi des an: ansi s )rnphaloLappula c oncaDa *Echium pL ant aginewn Myosotis austt'aLis

GRIDCELL 264 PINJARRA xAnchusa copensis GRIDCELL 274 COLLIE *Buglo s s oi d.es ara ens| I *Borago officinalis *E chitnn p Lantagi,neutn HaLgania preis simm Myosott)saustrwLis GRIDCELL 275 DUMBLEYUNG xBug Los s o Ldes an oensi s *EefuLump Lottaginewn GRIDCELL 265 CORRIGIN EaT.gani.a * cymtea Buglos s oi des an) ensi s HalganLa Laoandulacea Halgania Lauanduiacea Halgania preis siota HaLgania pz,eissiarw 4Helio tropiwn eutopaewl Heliot:ropi un cur.assaui cum

GRIDCELL 276 NEWDEGATE GRIDCELL 266 HYDEN xEchium pL antaginewn HaLg ani a andt anedt f oli a HaLg awi a and;z'omedi f oLi a HaLgarrt a Laxqndalac e a HaLganla pz,eis sian;z 94 J ,K. Scott S K.F. Kenneally No. 5 GRID CELL 277 MVENSTHORPE EaLgard a andromedL f olt a HaLgania preis si.ana He Li o t r,op iwn a sp ertzLmum

GRIDCELL 278 ESPERANCE HalgurLa andromedL folia HaLgania preissiarn

GRIDCELL 279 MALCOLM HaLgania and.ronedt foLia HalganLa preissiarn

GRID CELL 280 AUGUSTA No species recorded

GRID CELL 281 PEMBERTON No species recorded

GRID CELL 282 MOUNTBARKER *Bor,ago offieLnaLis *Eehi,wn plottagirrcwn * HeLi o tr opium eu.lop opun

GRID CELL 283 BREMERBAY *Anchuea capensi.s HaLgania mt drone dt foLia

GRID CELL 284 MONDRAINISLAND No species recorded

GRID CELL 285 CAPEARID No species recorded

GRIDCELL 286 IRWIN INLET No species recorded

GRID CELL 287 ALBANY *Borago offiaLnalis distribution

Figure 1A. Total specj-es of figure 18. 'Iotal- native species Boraqin ace ae of Boraqinaceae

Figure IC. Total introduced Figure 1D cuide to grid cell species of Boraginaceae numbers J.K. Scott & K.F. Kenneally

*"-An9LtCK1,A CALAALAA

^Anchusa cqertsis * Borago officitnLis ecies distribution

? ry ':",

x BugLo s s oi des artsensL s Coldenia procwnbens

CordLa subcordata CyrogLossutnaustrale J.K. Scott

* Echiwn p Lantaginettn Ehretia saligna

Ehz,etia urceolata Halganta andtomedLfoli a distribution

Ealgania argAnophALLa Halgania bebv:ana

Halgania cozymbosa Halgani.a cganea Kenneall

Halgani.a ez,ecta Ealgania glabna

HaLganLa gustafsenti HaLgania Lauandtlacea distribution

HaLgarrLaLtttoy,aLis Halgania pr:eissiana

HaZganLarigida Halgania sertai foLia Halgania soLanncea HaLganLatomentosa

HaLgawlauiscosa He Li o t x opium asp err"Lrm.trn t:1 IT 1t:

HeLi otrop iwn bac ef.f erzan Heli o tropiwn brac t eatun

Heli otropium conocarpum Heli. ot r opiun cz.Ls p atun l

.K Scott K.F Kenneal 1

11 112

He 7i o trop i ton cunni.ng hanii Helio Lnopium auras sauicwn

He Li o tt'op iun di u ez,si f o Liutn Heli. ott:opitun epacti dewn distrlbution

*H eli. o bz:opis.uneurop aeun Heliotropirm f Lat:if Lorwn

He Li o tt:opiwn het ez,qntLnan HeLi otr'opiwn ouali foLiu:n 12735_8 i J.K, Scott & ,

HeLi o tr opiun p arrLculatwn HeLi o tr,opiurn p Lei opt erwn

HeLi,o trop ium s tr"Lgo swn x Heli otropiwn supirain ecies distribution I07

He Li o trop iwn tenui f o Liwn Heli otrop i.wn unduLatrun

HeLi a trop ium u ent?L co s um Mess ers cLrnLdta arg entea 108 J,K, Scott &

:!: tF.

MgosotLs austv,alis )nrpln Lo Lapp u La c oncal a

Plagiobothry s austraLas icus xSAnrphA twn offi.cinale distribution

Touz,nefottia mollis Tr"Lchodesnazeg Lanicwn var Latisepalum

Iv"Lchodesna zeglanicwn var. zey Laniewn