A Chronological Listing of Don Ihde's Books and Major Volumes on His

Appendix: A Chronological Listing of Don Ihde’s Books and Major Volumes on His Work

Don Ihde

Single Author Books

1. Hermeneutic Phenomenology: The Philosophy of Paul Ricoeur (Northwestern University Press, 1971). The first English systematic book on Paul Ricoeur’s philosophy, composed in Paris during 1967–68 under a Fulbright Research Fellowship. Nine articles followed. 2. Sense and Significance (Duquesne/Humanities Press, 1973). Collected essays on perception—auditory-visual-tactile—and language. First comparison of phenomenology and pragmatism in the introduction; the introduction is reprinted as Chap. 1 of this book. 3. Listening and Voice: A Phenomenology of Sound (Ohio University Press, 1973; translated into Korean by J. M. Park, 2006). My first original and systematic phenomenology research; see 2nd edition below. I have long had an interest in acoustic and auditory phenomena. 4. Experimental Phenomenology (Capricorn Books, G.P. Putnams, 1977; reprinted SUNY Press, 1986; see second edition, 2012, below; translated into Swedish by Carina Finn, 2007; forthcoming in German and Japanese). This book has been my best seller, with eleven printings and two editions. It phenomenologi- cally deconstructs so-called visual illusions, renamed multistable drawings. I examine many such visual phenomena and was first to find from 5 to 10 stabilities in well known illusions like Necker Cubes. It is my first thorough break with transcendental phenomenology. Following Husserlian variations, I found multistabilities rather than essences. 5. Technics and Praxis: A Philosophy of Technology (Reidel, Boston Philosophy of Science Series, 1979; translated into Korean by Sung Dong Kim, 1998).

D. Ihde Emeritus, Department of Philosophy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA e-mail: [email protected]

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 231 G. Miller, A. Shew (eds.), Reimagining Philosophy and Technology, Reinventing Ihde, Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 33, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35967-6 232 Appendix: A Chronological Listing of Don Ihde’s Books…

Frequently cited as the first English language philosophy of technology, highly reviewed, it contains my first version of a phenomenology of technics or human-technology relations. 6. Existential Technics (SUNY Press, 1983). Following #5, the second in a series of “technics” books, studies with “empirical turn” case studies on different technologies. 7. Consequences of Phenomenology (SUNY Press, 1986). My response to Richard Rorty’s controversial and widely discussed Consequences of Pragmatism (1982) and his call for abandoning all foundational philosophy. I do a similar thing with respect to Continental philosophies. 8. On Non-Foundational Phenomenology, Fenomenografiska notiser 3, edited by Seth Chalkin (Göteborgs Universitet, 1986). Lectures given at Göteborgs Universitet (the University of Gothenburg) in 1984. In response to Richard Rorty’s Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1979) and Consequences of Pragmatism (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1981). 9. Technology and the Lifeworld: From Garden to Earth (Indiana University Press, 1990; translated into Chinese by Han Liqin, 2007; translated into Portuguese by Mauricio Bozatski, 2018). My most cited book. Published simultaneously with Larry Hickman’s John Dewey’s Pragmatic Technology and Michael Zimmerman’s Heidegger’s Confrontation with Modernity, these three books launched the Indiana Series in Philosophy of Technology in 1990. Technology and the Lifeworld was my most systematic reformulation of a philosophy of technology with its revision of a phenomenology of technics reprinted in nearly all subsequent anthologies. 10. Instrumental Realism: The Interface between Philosophy of Science and Philosophy of Technology (Indiana, 1991). Originally planned as a long preface to Technology and the Lifeworld, at my press reader’s criticism, I made this a separate book. I had hoped to interest Anglophone philosophers of science by including those thinkers who valued instruments in science along with Continental philosophers who did the same; I found that Europeans were far more interested than North Americans, which stimulated years of visits to many European countries and launched my interest in technoscience. 11. Philosophy of Technology: An Introduction (Paragon House, 1993; translated into Greek by Nikos Plevris, 2004; translated into Chinese by Yeuming Leu, 2017). Penned during a year’s research leave in Australia, this was my introduction to philosophy of technology. 12. Postphenomenology: Essays in the Postmodern Context (Northwestern University Press, 1993). The first of my books to use the term “postphenomenology,” which includes pragmatism and other modifications of classical phenomenology, although its origins go back to lectures in 1984 in Göteborg, Sweden, which led to Non-Foundational Phenomenology (#8 on this list). 13. Expanding Hermeneutics: Visualism in Science (Northwestern University Press, 1998; partly translated into Hungarian by Ropolyi Laszlo, 2001). A return to the cultural tendency in science descriptions to favor visualism, and Appendix: A Chronological Listing of Don Ihde’s Books… 233

the beginning of the invention of a non-linguistic “Material Hermeneutics.” Draws from a series of meetings of the International Society for Hermeneutics and Science, launched in Hungary in 1993. 14. Bodies in Technology (University of Minnesota Press, 2002; translated into Spanish by Crisian Hormazabel, 2004). This book includes essays on “virtual reality” issues, widely read in science interested circles. Today my third most cited book. 15. Listening and Voice: Phenomenologies of Sound, 2nd Edition (SUNY Press, 2007). A reprint of the first edition, with added chapters reprinting older essays on auditory phenomena, and some on acoustic technologies. 16. Let Things Speak: Postphenomenology and Technology (Peking University Press, in Chinese, 2008, translated by Han Lianqing). The essays are examples of auditory-acoustic research and material hermeneutics. I made extended lecture tours to China in 2004, 2006, and 2007. 17. Ironic Technics (Automatic Press, 2008). My second “Techics” book and the first of a series of LLLBs (Late Life Little books). It has sometimes been char- acterized as my most negative take on technologies. 18. Postphenomenology and Technoscience: The Peking University Lectures (SUNY Press, 2009; translated into Chinese by Han Leqing, 2008; translated into Spanish by Euridici Marinez, 2009; translated into Hebrew by Galit Wellner, 2015; forthcoming in French, German, and Portuguese.) Four lectures designed to introduce postphenomenology, describing the why and how technologies call for such philosophical innovations. 19. Embodied Technics (Automatic, 2010). The third technics and LLLB book. Designed to postphenomenologically analyze distance embodiment technologies. 20. Heidegger’s Technologies: Postphenomenological Perspectives (Fordham University Press, 2010). The first of my critical analyses of my philosophical mentors. Although I once identifying myself as “Heideggerian,” after years of technology analysis finding his work often deeply outdated, this was my first deep critique of Heidegger on technology. 21. Experimental Phenomenology, 2nd Edition: Multistabilities (SUNY Press, 2012). A reprint of the first edition plus a series of analyses of technology multistabilities including imaging technologies and antique multistabilities of bows under tension. 22. Husserl’s Missing Technologies (Fordham University Press, 2016). The second of my critical readings of a major mentor. Drawing from the Nachlasse and other works I show how Husserl never fully escapes early modern epistemology. Analyses of his own familiar technologies and scientific instruments. 23. Acoustic Technics (Lexington Books, 2015). Commencing a new series, “Postphenomenology and the Philosophy of Technology,” I return to update my earlier work on auditory/acoustic technologies. Beginning with the electromag- netic spectrum, I analyze contemporary acoustic technologies, which are now a rapidly growing area of science imaging. 234 Appendix: A Chronological Listing of Don Ihde’s Books…

24. Medical Technics (University of Minnesota Press, 2019). The most recent of my LLLBs, on technics. I autobiographically examine my own aging, from 74–84 years old, in conjunction with the technologies used to keep me alive and simultaneously re-make me as a cyborg. 25. Not yet drafted, I project my long delayed but often forementioned book, Material Hermeneutics: Reversing the Linguistic Turn. I will be proposing a non linguistic-non textual image interpretation which applies the best of science-praxis to humanities and social sciences which remain too reductive to the “linguistic turn” still dominant in these disciplines. A follow-up on Expanding Hermeneutics (1998).

Books on Ihde’s Work

1. Postphenomenology: A Critical Companion to Ihde, edited by Evan Selinger (SUNY Press, 2006). Festschrift with 19 well-known technoscience authors. 2. Technoscience and Postphenomenology: The Manhattan Papers, edited by Jan Kyrre Berg Friis and Robert C. Crease (Lexington Books, 2015). 17 essays pre- sented in Stony Brook, Manhattan at my retirement conference, “Ihdefest,” 2012. 3. Postphenomenological Investigations: Essays on Human-Technology Relations, edited by Robert Rosenberger and Peter-Paul Verbeek (Lexington Books, 2015). Contains essays of 13 postphenomenology thinkers and 3 critics on various case study style analyses. 4. The Soaring Albatross: Studies on Don Ihde’s Phenomenology of Technology, in Chinese (Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2015), by Yang Qingfeng. A systematic study. 5. Reimagining Philosophy and Technology, Reinventing Ihde, edited by Glen Miller and Ashley Shew (Springer, 2019). Includes my “Hawk,” a reprint of the introduction to Sense and Significance, and eleven original papers from a diverse group of authors, some within but many outside postphenemonological circles. Commissioned after my Lifetime Achievement Award for Excellence in Scholarship at the meeting of the Society for Philosophy and Technology, Darmstadt, Germany, 2017. Index

A five agent relations arising from social use Abendland, 87, 92, 93, 99 of technology, 205, 205n9 Abstracting Craft: The Practiced Digital Hand human as “body” and the omission of (McCullough), 161 agent interactions, 204–206 “Accessories for Lonely Men” (Toran), 119 Agricola, 186 Achterhuis, Hans, 88 Alterity relations, 4, 70, 83, 84, 105, 199, Ackerman, Robert, 203 199n5, 202 Acoustic Technics (Ihde), 233 agency-enhanced alterity relations, 180 Action, labor and work, 147–148 embodied-hermeneutic-alterity Active as an agent relation, 205, 205n9 relations, 66 “Adding Pragmatism to Phenomenology” in and engineers, 178 Husserl’s Missing Technologies (Ihde), and intersubjectivity, 199 2, 43, 54 Analysen zur Passiven Synthesis (Analysis Affect, 125, 138 concerning Passive and Active affective constitution and embodied Synthesis) (Husserl), 129, 133 intentionality, 129–134 Analysis on Don Ihde’s Philosophy of affective core in the interrelations of Technology (Cao Jidong), 192 things, 136 Analytical Philosophy of Technology affective engagement, 162, 167–168 (Rapp), 195 affective force, 135 An der schönen blauen Donau (Strauss), 90 affective intensity, 135 Angry Birds (game), 169, 170 ethics awareness of power of affect, 134 Angry Birds 2 (game), 169 Affection, role of, 129, 131 Anti-Cartesian ideas, 221 Affordance, 48, 53, 55–58, 159, 167 Anti-essentialism, 65, 66, 77, 81, 108, 196 technological affordance, 59 Anti-foundationalism, 77, 81 AG, see Arakawa, Shusaku; Gins, Madeline Anti-idealism vs. idealism, 187–188 Agency relations, 179–183 Anti-naturalism of, 69 agency-enhanced alterity relations, 180 Anti-realism vs. realism, 187, 203 agency-enhanced background relation, 181 Anti-romanticism, 65, 196 agency-enhanced hermeneutic relations, Anti-science, 59 181, 182 Apocalypse Now (film), 35 agency extension relation, 185 Arakawa, Shusaku, 5, 20, 24, 26, 33, 36–39 constructive agency relation, 182, 183 Archer, Jason Edward, 161 “dance of agency”, 225 Architecture in Ihde’s philosophy, 5, 20, distributed agency, 187 24, 36–39

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 235 G. Miller, A. Shew (eds.), Reimagining Philosophy and Technology, Reinventing Ihde, Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 33, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35967-6 236 Index

Arendt, Hannah, 7, 142, 147–151 Being-in-the-world, 17, 59, 72n15, 74, 81, Aristotle, 7, 25, 28, 32, 38, 88, 123, 125, 161–163, 165, 166, 171 137, 138 Beitråge zur Philosophie (Heidegger), 98 Artifacts, 76, 80, 111, 112, 116, 135, 179, 201, Beliefs, 14, 16, 27, 47, 55, 56, 58, 129, 218, 223 138, 227 and alterity relations, 66 Bentham, Jeremy, 123 and camera obscura, 116 Berlin, Isaiah, 146 creative artifacts, 36 Bigwood, Carol, 222 of culture, 30 Biological diversity, 26, 116, 120 and design, 6, 125, 127, 133–135, 178 Bio-phenomenology, 218 disappearing from consciousness, 4, 178 bio-phenomenological “realism”, 220–222 engineering of, 8, 178, 182 Bioscleave, 37–39 having different meanings, 106 Bioscleve House on Long Island, 38 and instruments, 29, 175 Bio-technological variations, 223–225 integrated into bodily experience, 178 Black Notebooks (Heidegger), 99 and politics, 141–143 Blackwell Publishing, 2 rules as artifacts, 137 Blind man’s stick/cane, 163, 182, 207, 222 technological artifacts, 4, 7, 90, 108, Blok, Vincent, 89n4 124–126, 132, 137 Bodies and body relations See also Instruments; Tools bodily and cultural embodiment, 72, 73, Artificial memories,see Tertiary retention, 74n18, 165, 201 concept of bodily experience, 71, 165, 178, 202, 207 Assessment methodologies as a pivot, bodily praxes of reading, 219n1 109, 109n3 bodily sense, 130–131 Auditory phenomena, see Hearing, Ihde on; body and environment, 204, 205 Sound, phenomenology of body image, 163 Aufheben, 50–52 body-mind, 130–131 Australian Research Council Discovery Grant, body-technology relations, 56–57, 164, 7–8, 160n1 165, 177–179 Autonomic intentionality, 199 body-tool relations, 113, 162, Awareness, 16, 22, 38 164, 197–198 Heidegger on awareness (Besinnung), 95 and hermeneutic relationships, 57, 200 Husserl on, 131 human as “body” and the omission of self-awareness, 50, 73, 74, 207 agent interactions, 204–206 tactile-kinesthetic awareness, 226 Ihde’s body theory, 198n4 and kinetic experience, 169, 207 and location-based games, 166 B and perception, 36, 74, 110, 134, 163, 165, Background relations, 4, 199n5, 202 197–198, 200, 202 and human-technology-world relations, and sensory experience, 17, 30, 36, 71, 178, 181, 199 74n18, 165, 185, 225, 227 Barad, Karen, 161 Bodies in Technology (Ihde), 198n4, 228, 233 Barnet, Belinda, 118 Bordo, Susan, 221, 222 Basalla, George, 116–118 Brennan, Teresa, 125, 133, 135 Becoming, a phenomenology of becoming Brentano, Franz, 29, 81 (post)phenomenological, 76–81 Bunge, Mario, 185 Behaviorism, 46–47, 56 Butler, Judith, 221 Being and beings, Heidegger’s concept of, 88, 89, 91, 92, 96 Being and Grund as the same, 95n15 C Husserl on, 93 Callous Objects (Rosenberger), 143 Being and Time (Heidegger), 64, 66, 74, 80, The Cambridge Companion to Pragmatism 89n3, 196 (Malachowski, ed.), 2 Sein und Zeit (Heidegger), 88, 89 Camera obscura, 116, 218, 220, 221, 223, 227 See also Sein und Zeit (Heidegger) Cao Guanfa, 197, 198, 200, 202, 203 Index 237

Cao Guichum, 203 and Husserl, 52, 54, 67–69, 77, 126, 128, Cao Jidong, 192, 196–197, 201–203 129, 131, 135, 197 Car, phenomenological description of intentional consciousness, 52, 77 driving, 119 philosophy of consciousness, 75 Carlos, Wendy, 34 photographic consciousness, 217, 226 Carpenter and his tools, 177, 182 Consequences of Phenomenology (Ihde), 232 Cartesian Meditations (Husserl), 52 Constructive agency relation, 182, 183 Cartesian philosophy, 28, 31, 71, 72, Consumer decisions and ethics, 124 80, 81 Conversion and perspective in anti-Cartesian ideas, 221 phenomenology, 14–15 conscientious rejection of, 73 Coole, Diana, 161 and Husserl, 52, 70, 74, 81 Copernican era and thought, 14 observations of a tree by a Cartesian Corporeal and corporeality, 160–161 seer, 227 corporeal schema, 163, 164, 166, 169 post-Cartesian philosophy, 55 intercorporeality, 163–164 Cats, nocturnal capacities of, 224 Merleau-Ponty on, 163–164 Cell phones, see Mobile media in mobile media and gameplay, 159, 160, CFD, see Computational fluid 166, 167, 169, 171 dynamics (CFD) Cosmos, 96n17, 98 Chalmers, David, 57–58 cosmos of Zeus, 99 Chasing Technoscience: Matrix for Materiality cosmotechnics as cosmos and technology, (Ihde and Selinger, eds.), 228 6, 87–101 Chen Guying, 211n14 meaning of Greek word kosmos, 97, 97n18 Chen Wanqiu, 199 Couturat, Louis, 95 Chen Yulin, 208 Crease, Robert P., 1 China, Ihde’s impact in, 4, 5, 8, 191–212 “Crisis ethics”, 20, 26, 33, 35–36, 39 Chinese critical response to Ihde, 204–209 Cristin, Renato, 99 Chinese works on Ihde, 192–194 “Crittercam: Compounding Eyes in interpretations of Ihde, 194–204 NatureCultures” (Haraway), 217, terms adopted by Chinese for concept of 224–226, 228 technology, 209, 211n14 Cruz, Azucena, 228 China National Knowledge Infrastructure, 192 Cultural phenomenology, 165 China’s Reform and Opening of 1978, 195 Culture, 72, 165, 200 Chinese Don Ihde, potential for, 209–212 bodily and cultural embodiment, 73, Chinese Marxism, 194, 198, 209 74n18, 201 Choice, 74, 83, 106, 128 cultural embeddedness of design affecting, 124, 145 technology, 200–201 interpretive choices, 75 cultural openness as seen by Merleau- and vaccination, 145–146 Ponty, 72 Clark, Andy, 57–58 Ihde as a cultural contextualist, 202 “Closing” and multistability, 112, 112n5 and overhead perspective, 219 CNKI, see China National Knowledge relation of technology and culture (cultural Infrastructure (CNKI) hermeneutics), 4, 74, 96, 142, 200–202 Coherence theory of truth, 54–55 (see also Macroperceptions) A Companion to Pragmatism (Shook and sensual and cultural embodiment, 74 Margolis), 2 Cybernetics, 88, 92, 95, 95n14, 97, 98 Compromised adaptation, 201 A Cyborg Manifesto (Haraway), 217, 222 Computational fluid dynamics, 186 Cyborgs, 164, 178, 199n6, 222, 225 Comtean positivism, 83n23 Consciousness, 4, 29, 50–51, 55, 82, 179, 196 D agency consciousness, 183 Dallas (TV show), 22 education raising, 21 Dao, 210–211 epistemological consciousness, 80 Darwin, Charles, 47, 48, 54, 59, 116, 117 238 Index

Darwinism and Darwinian evolution, 47–49, Ihde’s move from Husserl toward Dewey, 51, 52, 58, 116, 117 6, 63–84 quasi-Darwinian environmental influence on Ihde, 193, 195 interrelational mode, 77 instrumentalist ideas of, 63, 82 social Darwinism, 49 on looking to the future, 79, 79n21 Dasein, 38, 89–90, 92, 93, 95, 97 and materialism, 51 Dastur, Françoise, 95n13 on “meaning”, 78, 80–82 David, Edward E., 184 on mental functions and patterns of organic Davidson, Donald, 43, 46 behavior, 135 Democracy moral theory, 134 importance of mass media to, 151–152 and naturalism, 50, 51, 54, 55 political significance of technologies, 153 and political theory, 142, 150 and technology, 144–147 and pragmatism, 3, 7, 43, 44, 46, 54–56, Deng Xianping, 205 59, 75, 91, 125, 127, 137, 150 De re metalica (Agricola), 186 productive pragmatism and Derrida, Jacques, 89, 99, 207–208 postphenomenology, 77 Der Satzt vont Grund (Heidegger’s and the role of habit, 47–49 seminar), 95 on technology and technological Der Spiegel (news magazine), 26, 88 reductionism, 81, 124, 137 Descartes, René, 27–28, 31, 73, 79, 80, 218 “Dewey and Husserl: Consciousness cheat code, 218 Revisited” in Husserl’s Missing Design, 81, 120, 126 Technologies (Ihde), 2 affecting choices and behavior, 124, 145 Diagrams of various relations and and artifacts, 6, 125, 127, 133–135, 178 combinations and democracy and politics, 144, 147 for human-technology-world, designers in multistability modern 177–183, 199 evolutionary region, 106, 112, 121 for I-technology-world, 199, 199n6, 204 designing and constructing the Die Rose ist ohne Warum (Silesius), 91 lifeworld, 175–188 Digital technologies, 78 “designing” social effects into and rustbelt technologies, 64, 65 technologies, 145 and stabilities, 110–111 design morality, 135 Dilthey, Wilhelm, 67, 69, 81, 196, 208 and engineering, 6, 79, 181, 183–188 Ding (chef), 210–211 game and media design, 161, 166, 168, 170 Ding-Politik, 150 racist nature of design, 143, 143n1, 144 Directedness, 131–132, 197 and stabilities, 105, 106, 112n5 prereflective directedness, 129, 133 and street benches, 113, 116 Directionality, 131, 133, 135 and technology, 78, 106, 136, reciprocal directionality, 126 144–145, 187 of technology, 197 “technomoral change”, 146 Disembodiment, illusioned, 220–222 Determinism, see Social determinism; Distributed agency, 187 Technological determinism “Do Artifacts Have Politics?” Deutsche Technik (Goebbels), 94n12 (Winner), 143 Dewey, John, 5, 9, 13, 57, 58, 127 Doing Ethics (Vaughn), 136 and affordance, 55–56 Domination, 24–27, 36, 199n6, 202 on body-mind, 130–131 Dreyfus, Hubert, 203, 222 on dualisms, 45 Driesch, Hans, 52 educational practices, 48–49 Dualisms, 6, 25, 35, 45, 50, 66, 208 on experience, 79–80 Dubbini, Rezo, 219 Hickman’s interpretation of, 78 Durbin, Paul T., 9 Ihde referencing in Husserl’s Missing Dutch Don Ihde, see Verbeek, Peter-Paul Technologies, 54–55, 58 Dynamicity, 128 Index 239

E sensual and cultural embodiment, 74 Echolocation, 27 situated or embodied knowledge, 220–221 The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception and technology, 163 (Gibson), 56 Yang Qingfeng explaining Ihde on, 206 Educational practices, 51, 152, 186 “Empirical turn” of Ihde and applying Ihde’s human-technology postphenomenology, 3, 63, 65, relations to, 193 89–91, 95, 195 Dewey on, 48–49 no need for in Chinese philosophy, 209 mass education, 20–21 Empiricism, 44, 45, 55, 78–79 STEM classes, 21, 33, 184 Enfield, N. J. and study of distributed “Ego-Cogito-Cogitatum”, 199 agency, 187 Egoic engagement, 133 Engagement, 38, 47, 133, 134, 161 Eikenes, Jon O. H., 169 affective engagement, 162, 167–168 Electronic technologies, 3, 64, 92, 183 corporeal and perceptual engagement, 163 Ellul, Jacques, 3, 178, 203n8 and mobile media, 160, 162, 167, 170 Elo, Mika, 162 political engagement, 152, 153 Embodied Technics (Ihde), 233 Engineering, 5, 8, 175–188 Embodiment and embodiment relations, 4, 83, and design, 6, 79, 181, 183–188 105, 131, 132, 202, 222 engineered background relations, 181 and affordance, 56–57 engineering as a variation in technological and agency, 179, 181–182 experience, 183–188 artifacts integrated into bodily Engineering and the Mind’s Eye experience, 178 (Ferguson), 186 bodily and cultural embodiment, 72, 73, Enhanced diversity, 107, 111 74n18, 165, 201 Entanglements, human-technology as a Cao Jidong on, 196 pivot, 109n3 and distance, 199 Entelechy theory, 52 embodied-hermeneutic-alterity Environment, 124, 126, 128, 164, 165 relations, 66 and background relations, 4, 181 embodied intentionality, 129–134 body and environment, 204, 205 embodied nature of vision, 221 co-adaption between organism and embodiment engagement, 38–39 environment, 196 and epistemology, 56, 220, 221 digital environment, 149, 159, 166 and ethics, 132 domestic environment, 159, 167, 168, 170 and hermeneutics, 110–111 environmental background relations, 181 human-technology-world, 199 environmental crises, 26, 35–36, illusioned disembodiment, 220–222 119–120, 202 interactions of embodied individuals, 70 environmental perceptions, 166 “as the key”, 131, 132 global warming, 120, 150, 192 and mediation, 89 material environment, 144, 145, 147, 148, Merleau-Ponty on, 221, 222 161, 163 mobile media and game play, 159 organism/environment relations and network of extended relations, 164 interactions, 5, 46, 47, 130–133, 144, and perception, 28, 197–198, 221 196, 204, 205, 223 and reduction/reductionism, 4 postphenomenology defining, 126 relationship between meaning, matter and as pragmatists see it, 50 embodiment, 161 “productive skill” to alter environment, 137 revealing the multistability of a given quasi-Darwinian environmental phenomenon, 109n3 interrelational mode, 77 science as technologically embodied, 203 Umelt, 53 sense of experienced embodiment, 221 EP, see Experimental Phenomenology (Ihde) 240 Index

Epistemology, 19–20, 78, 79, 224n2 Evolution and evolutionary mechanisms, 44, Cartesian epistemology, 28 47–49, 52–53, 106, 117, 118, 123 dispositional epistemology, 56 evolutionary adaptations, 5–6, 48 dual realities of, 218 Lamarckian theory of evolution, 52 and embodiment, 56, 220, 221 modern evolutionary region and epistemological consciousness, 80 multistabilities, 105, 107, 112, epistemology engine, 218, 220 116–118, 120, 121 and ethics, 49 and naturalism, 51 focus on stable essences, 126 neural evolutions, 58 of the infinite, 219 of vision, 218 ocularity displacing hearing in, 65 The Evolution of Technology (Basalla), 116 perceptual epistemology, 221 Existence, interactive conception of, 70 and pragmatism, 44, 46–49, 55, 56, 58, 59 Existentialism and existential relations, 23, 54, representational epistemology, 47 83, 89, 131, 182, 195–197, 200 situated-embodied epistemologies, 220 Existential Technics (Ihde), 232 “standpoint” epistemology, 220 Expanding Hermeneutics: Visualism in for technology and technoscience, 197, 203 Science (Ihde), 67, 203, Ereignis, 88, 97–101 224n2, 232–233 Erfahrung, 81 Experience Erörterung, 98–100 bodily experience, 71, 165, 178, 202, 207 of the (Ab)grund: romanticism and situated Descartes’ reduction of experience, 79 Unconcealment, 91–97 Dewey on, 79–80 of the crossroad, 87, 89–91 Husserl concept of “starting with Essence of technology, 24, 65, 107, 198 experience”, 69 from essence to invariance, 107–108 kinetic experience, 169 futility of searching for a single the lifeworld “experience”, 81, 164 essence, 105 “masking” of experience, 72–73 having “no essence”, 135 Merleau-Ponty on, 80, 207, 221 Heidegger on, 27, 33, 65, 88–89, 98, 107, new science of experience, 14 107n2, 120 “praxis-perception model” of, 78, 143, 194 Husserl on, 67, 107, 108, 120, 135 reduction of experience, 16, 79 Essentialist metaphysics, 196 and relational ethics, 123–139 Ethics, 19, 38, 76, 187, 188 sensory experience, 17, 30, 36, 71, 74n18, “crisis ethics”, 20, 26, 33, 35–36, 39 165, 185, 225, 227 and embodiment, 5, 33, 131, 132 technologies mediating human and epistemology, 49 experiences, 187 ethical epoché and objectivity, 35 unmediated experience, 206 ethics amplifying immersion, 34–36 See also Technological experience ethics awareness of power of affect, 134 Experience and Nature (Dewey), 55, 80 and the lifeworld, 32 “The Experience of Technology: Human- and objectivity in technoscience, 27–33 Machine Relations” (Ihde), 199n5 and politics, 5, 180 in Technics and Praxis (Ihde), 4 relational ethics as a moral framework, Experimental Phenomenology (Ihde) 6, 123–139 first edition, 1977, 3, 19, 107, 176, and science, 32, 39 179, 231 of technology, 125, 135 second edition, 2012, 3, 176, 233 See also Moral reasoning Ethnocentrism, 97 Ethnography, 5 F and the sensory intimacy of mobile Facebook, 144 media, 159–171 “Fake news”, 151–153 “Europe and the German Philosophy” Falliblism, 49 (Heidegger lecture), 99 Farman, Jason, 171 Index 241

FEA, see Finite element analysis (FEA) “God trick”, 218–221 Feeling in Whitehead’s philosophy, 128 Godus (game), 169 Feenberg, Andrew, 96, 96n16, 142, 212 Goebbels, Joseph, 94n12 Feminist and feminism, 8, 111n4, Goedecke, Walter, 21–22 207, 217–228 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 91n7 Ferguson, Eugene, 186, 187 Goodall, Jane, 223 “A Field Guide to Postphenomenolgy” Google, 144 (Rosenberger and Verbeek), 9 Google Glass and privacy, 146, 152 Finite element analysis, 186 Grameen Phone Project, 109n3 First Critique (Kant), 81 grammatological model, 228 Florman, Samuel, 182 Grodek (Trakl), 93 fMRI, Ihde’s interest in, 179 Grote, Jim, 195 Forgetting of Being, see Being and beings, Grund (ground and reason), 95 Heidegger’s concept of The Guardian (newspaper), 45 Fosh, Patricia, 45 GUI, 168 Foucault, Michel, 7, 142, 198 Guo Guichun, 203 influence on Ihde, 198n4 Founding/founded layering in Ihde’s writings, 71, 74 H Freedom, 7, 145, 153 Habit, role of, 53, 95, 119, 125, 164 negative and positive, 146 habitual behavior and mobile media, 159, and technological mediations, 147, 149 162, 163, 165, 167–171 Friis, Kyrre Berg, 1 habitual beliefs and explanations, 14, 16 Frost, Samantha, 161 kinetic habits, 207 Functionalism, 77, 81 pragmatic views on, 47–49, 51–52, 57–58 Functional pivot and multistability, 109n3 Hacking, Ian, 29, 203 Haeckel, Ernst, 52 Hammer G comparing a blind man’s cane and artisan’s Gadamer, Hans-Georg, 137, 193, 208 hammer, 182 Galileo Galilei, 28, 30–31, 116, 179, 180 person-hammer altering the world, 182 Husserl’s neglect of Galileo’s telescope, Han Lianqing, 197, 198 68–74, 74n18, 75 Haptic mediums and qualities, 7, 159, Gameplay, see Media and gameplay 161n2, 166–171 Games of Being Mobile (research haptic media studies, 160–162 project), 159–171 and post-WIMP interfaces, 168 Gaming, 8, 105, 119, 161n2, 166 Haraway, Donna, 8, 66, 161, 164, Gelassenheit (Heidegger), 27 217–219, 221–228 Gendlin, Eugene, 76, 125, 130, 134, 135 Harding, Sandra, 220, 221 Geography of the Gaze: Urban and Rural Hartmann, Nicolai, 53 Vision in Early Modern Times Hasse, Catherine, 110 (Dubbini), 219 “Has the Philosophy of Technology Arrived?” Geopolitics, 87, 92, 93, 100, 161 (Ihde), 192 “Gestalt switch”, 96 “Hawk: Predatory Vision” (Ihde), 4, Gestell, 64–65, 64n1, 82, 88, 89n4 8, 217–228 Gibson, James J., 55–57 Hearing, Ihde on, 30–31, 33, 36 Gigantism, 3, 64, 92, 93, 95 ocularity displacing, 35 Ginev, Dimitri, 29–30 perceptual experience and auditory Gins, Madeline, 5, 20, 24, 26, 33, 36–39 phenomena, 54 Glazebrook, Trish, 4–5 See also Sound, phenomenology of Global warming, see Environment Heelan, Patrick, 203 Godard, Jean-Luc, 20 Hegel, G.W.F., 50, 81, 183 242 Index

Heidegger, Martin, 3, 6, 39, 45, 52, 87, 89n3, and autonomic intentionality, 199 96, 96n16, 105 in bodies and body relations, 57, 200 on awareness of instruments, 57 embodied-hermeneutic-alterity on being and beings, 88, 89, 91, 92, 95n15 relations, 66 comparison with Husserl, 67–68, 67n7, 76 and embodiment, 110–111 on concept of being-in-the-world, 81 hermeneutic perception, 200 and cosmotechnics, 97–101 hermeneutic realism, 29, 30 criticisms of Husserl, 68–70, 70n10, hermeneutic relation conceiving different 74, 107n2 meanings, 110, 111 dislike of typewriter, 65–66 human-technology-world, 199 on Ereignis, 88, 97–101 Ihde’s expanding of on essence, 27, 33, 65, 88–89, 98, 106, hermeneutics, 196–197 107, 107n2, 120 and materiality, 141 and Gestell, 82 political hermeneutics of technology of Ihde and Stiegler’s rejections of, Ihde, 141–153 6, 87–101 See also Cultural hermeneutics; Material Ihde on, 24–27, 63–64, 64n1, 65–68, 76, hermeneutics 88–90, 92 Hickman, Larry, 58, 77, 78, 79n21, 80–81, influence on Ihde, 193, 196 124, 125, 127, 134, 137 on instruments, 198 Historicism, 69 and “landing site”, 38 Historicity, 69, 89, 90 looking at open space, 29 Hjorth, Larissa, 7–8, 160 and “moment of vision”, 23 Hölderlin, Friedrich, 90–91 and phenomenology, 24, 83 Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr., 45 return to pre-Socratic philosophy, 98 HT, see Heidegger’s Technologies: on romanticism, 54, 91–97 Postphenomenological on science, 24–26, 52, 91 Perspectives (Ihde) seeing technology as prior to science, 196 Hui, Yuk, 2, 6, 211n14 on sorge [care], 197 Huizi (or Huishi), 211, 211n16 on technology and a philosophy of Human Nature and Conduct (Dewey), 48 technology, 24–27, 64, 66, 82–83, 88, Human-technology-world relations, 8, 68n5, 90, 91, 95–100 161, 164, 177–179, 197–199, and technoscience, 25–28, 82, 91 199n5, 200–204 on tools and tool analysis, 89, 177, 182 body-technology relations, 56–57, 164, on Trakl’s poetry, 87 165, 177–179 use of Husserl’s work, 137 as body-tool relations, 113, 162, and variational analysis, 107 164, 197–198 and word essences, 91n7 diagrams of various relations and Heidegger and Leibniz (Cristin), 99 combinations for human-technology- Heidegger’s Confrontation with Modernity world, 177–183, 199 (Zimmerman), 94 diagrams of various relations and Heidegger’s Technologies: combinations for I-technology-world, Postphenomenological Perspectives 199, 199n6, 204 (Ihde), 2, 25, 64, 65, 67, 233 human as “body” and the omission of Helen Keller or Arakawa (Gins), 37 agent interactions, 204–206 Helioscope, 116 I-technology-world, 4, 199, 199n6, Henry, Michel, 208 200, 204 Hermeneutic Phenomenology: The Philosophy Husserl, Edmund, 16, 45, 105, 176, of Paul Ricoeur (Ihde), 231 197, 208 Hermeneutics and hermeneutic relations, 83, on affective constitution, 129–134 105, 178, 202 anti-naturalism of, 69 agency-enhanced hermeneutic on awareness, 131 relations, 181–182 on being and beings, 93 and agency relations, 181 and Cartesian philosophy, 52, 70, 74, 81 Index 243

comparison with Heidegger, 67–68, I 67n7, 76 Ideal for Novalis, 94 on concept of being-in-the-world, 81 Idealism, 44, 45, 49, 50, 52, 53 on consciousness, 52, 54, 67–69, 77, 126, idealism vs. anti-idealism, 187–188 128, 129, 131, 135, 197 idealistic spiritualism, 54 on embodiment, 70 quasi-idealism, 51 and epistemology, 89n3 Ihde, Don, 2, 3, 136 on essence, 67, 106–108, 120, 125–126, characteristics of style of scholarship, 4 128, 135 chronological list of Ihde’s books and on experience, 69, 80 major volumes on his work, 231–234 Heidegger’s criticisms of, 68–70, 70n10, and engineering in “Designing and 74, 107n2 Constructing the (Life)World” (Miller Heidegger’s use of Husserl’s work, 137 and Mitcham), 175–188 Husserlian phenomenology, 3, 14, first recipient of SPT Lifetime 57, 83, 125 Achievement Award, 1 Husserl’s neglect of Galileo’s telescope, “Hawk: Predatory Vision” (Ihde), 217–228 68, 68n8, 69–74, 74n18, 75 “In Honor of Don Ihde and Bernard Ihde on in the Introduction to Sense and Stiegler” (Hui), 87–101 Significance, 79 and Husserl’s neglect of Galileo’s Ihde’s move from Husserl toward Dewey, telescope, 68, 68n8, 69–74, 74n18, 75 6, 63–84 “Ihde’s Move from Husserl Toward influence on Ihde, 193, 196, 199 Dewey” (Scharff), 6, 63–84 intentional/consciousness-based “Ihde’s Pragmatism” (Thompson), 43–59 model of, 77 “Ihde’s Revolutions: From Paris to on intentionality, 55, 67, 135, 197 Science, Rock, and Radical on lifeworld, 52, 74n18 Architecture” (Glazebrook), 19–39 Merleau-Ponty’s use of Husserl’s “Introduction” to Sense and Significance work, 137 (Ihde), 3, 5, 6, 13–17 on multiplicity, 107 “Let Things Speak: Don Ihde’s Thought on natural attitude, 52 and Philosophy of Technology in on origin and structure, 198 China” (Zhang), 191–212 on passive synthesis, 131 overview of, 1–9 and perception, 221 and the “Politicizing Postphenomenology” on primary and secondary retention and (Verbeek), 141–153 protention, 90 Program One, 75, 142, 180 principle of all principles, 74 Program Three, 180 on reduction, 129 Program Two, 4, 70, 75, 142, 180 referring to self in the third and “Relational Ethics: The Primacy of person, 69 Experience” (Langsdorf), 123–139 and reflexivity, 29 and “and the Sensory Intimacy of Mobile on science, 68, 74n17, 126, 196 Media” (Richardson), 159–171 seeing technology as prior to science, 196 on “Turning Multistability into a transcendental analysis, 207 Multistable Concept” and Umwelt, 53 (Wellner), 105–121 variational analysis and variational theory, Ihde, Mark, 228 3, 107, 108 “Ihdefest”, 2 “Husserl’s Galileo Needed a Telescope!” (Ihde Illusioned disembodiment, 220–222 seminar), 191 Imaginary as an agent relation, 205, 205n9 Husserl’s Missing Technologies (Ihde), 2, 43, “Imaginative” and Ihde’s concept of 54, 58, 59, 67, 70, 77, 233 multistability, 109, 111 HVAC illustrating engineered background Imaginative ideals, 137, 138 relations, 181 Imaginative perspective, 14, 16 244 Index

“Imaging Technologies: A Technoscience practical intentionality, 207 Revolution” (Ihde seminar), 191 reciprocal intentionality, 126 Immortality, Arakawa and Gins on, 36 structure of, 29, 199 In Between Dao and Ji: Philosophy of and technology, 196, 197, 202, 205 Technology in Chinese Culture (Wan transcendentalism of intentionality, 193 Qian), 211n14 Interaction, politics as, 147–148 “Incorporating the Material: Phenomenology Interactive experience, 193, 204, 205 and Philosophy of Technology” (Ihde Intercorporeality, 163–164 seminar), 191 “The Interface between Philosophy of Science Indiana Series in the Philosophy of and Philosophy of Technology” (Ihde Technology, 228 lecture), 191 Industrial technologies, 3, 88, 183 Interfaces for mobile devices, 169 Instrumental realism, 187, 192–194, 203–204 See also Mimetic touchscreens; Post- Instrumental Realism: The Interface between WIMP interface Philosophy of Science and Philosophy Internet, 117, 148, 166, 198n4 of Technology (Ihde), 3–4, 187, “Internet of things” technologies, 148 199–200, 203, 232 “Interpretation Wars: Who Speaks for Instrumentation in science, 22, 28, 31, Science?” (Ihde lecture), 192, 203n7 203–204, 222 “Interpretive flexibility”, 112n5 Instruments Interrelatedness, 133, 135 artifacts as instruments, 29, 175 Interrelational ontology, 124, 126–127 awareness of, 57 affective core in the interrelations of camera obscura, 116, 218, 220, 221, things, 136 223, 227 nonsubjective and interrelational and designing and constructing the phenomenology, 3, 195 lifeworld, 175 postphenomenology as “interrelational “imaginary ruler” as instrument phenomenology”, 197 user, 205n9 Intersubjectivity, 71n12, 199 importance of in postphenomenology, 196 In the World Interior of Capital importance of technological instruments, (Sloterdijk), 97 175, 187 Intimacy of mobile media, 159–171 instrumentalism, 81 “Introduction” to Sense and Significance instrumentalist ideas of Dewey, 63, 82 (Ihde), 3, 5, 6, 13–17 instrumentalist ideas of Ihde, 63 Invariance, 107–108, 113 instrumentalist views of knowledge and IoT, see internet, “Internet of things” belief, 58 technologies instrument transparency, 206 iPads, 169, 170 intentionality of, 200 iPhone, 108, 159, 168–170 making “unspoken” things speak, 197 I, relation to technology-world, see Human- as reality vs. use or practice, 204 technology-world relations scientific instruments, 29, 32, 67, 116, 142 Ironic Technics (Ihde), 233 technology as a neutral instrument, 200 Irwin, Stacey, 165 See also Artifacts; Design; Tools I-technology-world, see Human-technology- Intentionality, 30, 56, 128, 180, 200, 223 world relations autonomic intentionality, 199 bilateral intentionality, 135, 138 correlative intentionality, 131 J and Dewey’s pragmatism, 127 James, William, 5, 13, 32, 47, 57 embodied intentionality, 7, 129–134 and affordance, 55–56 Husserl on, 55, 67, 135, 197 and naturalism, 50, 51 intentional consciousness, 52, 77 and pragmatism, 43–46, 49, 55, 58, 59 and “landing site”, 38 Ji Haiqing, 196, 197 Index 245

Johnson, Mark, 125, 137 origination of term, 198 Journal of Dialectics of Nature, 194 and science, 68, 74n17, 81 Jünger, Ernst, 94 Lin Dehong, 198–203 Linguistic pragmatism, 46–49, 58 Lin Huiyue, 199 K Listening and Voice: A Phenomenology of Kant, Immanuel, 7, 28, 50, 81, 90, 123, 125, Sound (Ihde), 34, 224n2, 231, 233 137, 138 Locality and Dasein, 97–98 Keogh, Brendan, 168 Locke, John, 78–81, 218 Kevles, Bettyann Holtzmann, 224n3 Logic (Dewey), 134 Key Words Co-appearance Network, “Lordship and Bondage” (Hegel), 183 193, 193n3 Lu Jinkang, 200 Khader, Serene, 228 Kinesic natural mapping, 169 Kinetics, 169, 207 M Knife, dao and the role of, 210–211 Macroperceptions, 71, 76, 165–166, 200, Kockelman, Paul, 187 202, 227 Kongzi (Confucius), 210 “The Magic Sin; or, the Francoeuropean Kosmos, see Cosmos Accident of Philosophy after Jacques Kudina, Olya, 146, 152 Derrida” (Stiegler), 99–100 Kuhn, Thomas, 24–26 Magnification/reduction structure, 206–207 Kyoto School, 97, 97n20 Making Dying Illegal (Gins and Arakawa), 36–39 The Man-Made World (course by Truxel and L David), 184 Labor, action and work, 147–148 Marres, Noortje, 7, 150 La Chinoise (film), 20 Marx, Karl, 21, 116, 203n8, 208 Lakota Nation and Standing Rock, 27 Mass media, importance to Lamarck model, 117 democracy, 151–152 “Landing site”, 36–39 Match-3 games, 170 Langsdorf, Lenore, 3, 6, 7 Material hermeneutics, 8, 196, 208–209, 220 Lasén, Amparo, 161–162 also known as material semiotics, 228 Latour, Bruno, 7, 150, 202, 224n2 and politics, 141, 142, 148, 152, 153 Lego Shop, 184 and technology, 152, 153, 196, 204 Le Guin, Ursula K., 138 Material Hermeneutics: Reversing the Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 95, 95n14 Linguistic Term (Ihde future Lemmens, Pieter, 89n4 publication), 8, 228, 234 Leonardo da Vinci, 202 Materialism, 44–45, 49–51, 59 Leroi-Gourhan, Andre, 118 and Dewey, 63 Let Things Speak: Postphenomenology and dialectical materialism, 195 Technology (Ihde), 192, 233 Marx’s materialist conception of Levinas, Emmanuel, 178 history, 208 Lexington Press, 1 materialist metaphysics, 54 Libertarian paternalism, 145 material phenomenology, 208 Lifetime Achievement Award given by SPT, 1 new materialism, 7, 160–167, 171 Lifeworld, 70, 81, 150, 164, 175–188 reductionist materialism, 54 Arakawa and Gins on, 37 Materiality, 3, 107, 110, 111, 113, 119, Husserl on, 52, 74n18 163, 196 knowledge-capacity of the full-body and hermeneutics, 141 experience of, 32 kinetic materiality, 169 the lifeworld “experience”, 81 mobile media, 160, 162, 170 meaning of technology in, 197 Material kinesthetic extensions, 222 246 Index

Material phenomenology, 208 and Ihde, 71–73 “Material semiotics”, 161, 163, 220, 222, 228 influence on Ihde, 45–46, 56, 69, 71, 74, See also Material hermeneutics 193, 196 Mathematics and pseudoscientific on “interrogation” and “instrumental”, 78 “-isms”, 69–70 on life and philosophy, 76 McCullough, Malcolm, 161 as part of phenomenological-hermeneutics Mead, George Herbert, 13 tradition, 208 “Meaning” and perception, 71n12, 72n15, 134, 221 Dewey on, 78, 80–82 on phenomenological viewpoint, 83 disclosing meaning, 64n1 practical intentionality, 207 hermeneutic relation conceiving different self-criticisms of, 71n13 meanings, 110, 111 and situated-embodiment, 221 imposed meaning, 35 on technology, 198 relationship between meaning, matter and use of Husserl’s work, 137 embodiment, 161 Metaphysics, 31, 88, 94, 97 technology having different meanings, 105, essentialist metaphysics, 196 106, 108, 111, 197 materialist metaphysics, 54 of the world, 5, 17 of objectification, 31 Media and gameplay, 159–171 and pragmatists, 50 corporeal and corporeality in, 159, 160, process metaphysics, 124, 125, 127 166, 167, 169, 171 relational metaphysics, 127 and eye-hand coordination, 161n2 and technology, 24, 89, 132 mass media, 151–152 Micro/macro-mobilities, 166 new materialism and Microperceptions, 71, 72, 76, 83, 165–166, postphenomenology, 160–167 200, 202, 227 sensory intimacy of mobile Mill, John Stuart, 7, 123, 125, 137, 138 games, 167–171 Miller, Glen videogames, 226 “Designing and Constructing (Life) World” See also Mobile media by Miller and Mitcham, 3, 8 Mediation Mimetic touchscreens, 168–170 different meanings of, 180 Misak, Cheryl, 45 and embodiment, 89 Misch, Georg, 69 individual technologies mediating human Mitcham, Carl, 3, 8, 9, 58, 78, 79, 89, experiences, 187 100n23, 195 and moral significance, 135 Mobile media and perception, 171, 202, 206 cell phones, 105, 107, 108, 109n3, 110, of political interactions and 111, 116, 119, 183, 193 issues, 147–152 multi-city research project around games, of power, 142–147 digital and mobile media, 7, 159–171 of tools, 184 See also Media and gameplay See also Technological mediation Modern evolutionary region and Medical Technics (Ihde), 234 multistabilities, 106, 107, 112, Meditations (Descartes), 74 116–118, 120, 121 Meister, Eckhart, 91 Modernism, see Postmodernism; Reactionary Mendelian platform, 48 modernism Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 7, 73n16, 79, 160, “Modern Philosophy of Technology in the 162–164, 228 West” (Ihde lecture), 192 body theory of, 56–57, 130, 198n4 Modern scientific region and multistabilities, on concept of being-in-the-world, 81 106, 112–113, 121 on corporeal and perceptual engagement, Monocultures, 201 163, 164 Monument Valley (game), 170 on difficulty of making “choices”, 75 Moog, Robert, 34 and embodiment, 3, 73, 182, 221, 222 Moral dilemmas, learning on experience, 55, 80, 207, 221 to deal with, 138 Index 247

“Moral Law theories”, 137 Naturalism Moral reasoning, 1, 5, 125, 129, 133–139 Deweyan naturalism, 50, 51, 54, 55 moral dimension, 125 Husserl’s anti-naturalism, 69 technologies affecting moral Ihde’s pragmatic naturalism, 53–58 frameworks, 146 naturalistic reductionism, 54 See also Ethics and pragmatism, 49–53 Morris, David, 164 social institutionalization of, 54 Morrison, Andrew, 169 Natural selection, 47, 52 Moses, Robert, 143, 144 Navigational praxes, 108 Multi-city research project around games, Necker Cube, 107, 109, 119, 121 digital and mobile media, 7, 159–171 Negative freedom, 146 Multistabilities, 105–121, 132 Neo-Dadaism Organizers, 37 ambiguous drawings and concept of Neo-Deweyan interpretation of politics, 151 multistability, 107, 108, 110, 111 Neo-enlightenment, 6, 78, 83, 84 and body-technology, 164 New materialism, 7, 160–167, 171 “closing” and multistability, 112, 112n5 Newton, Isaac, 28, 116 enabling of multistability, 134 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 39, 95 and “local stabilization”, 111n4 “Nihilism and Modernity” (Hui), 97n20 multistable, interrelational Nintendo, 162 metaphysics, 125–128 Nishida, Kitaro, 97 “nesting” inside other mutations/ Nishitani, Keiji, 97n20 stabilities, 116 Non-linearity, 201 and pivots, 109, 109n3, 111, 111n4 and finite element analysis, 186 and productive skill, 125 non-linear imagery, 22 regions of the multiplicity spectrum (see in technological evolution, 117–118 Modern evolutionary region and Nonsubjective and interrelational multistabilities; Modern scientific phenomenology, 3, 195 region and multistabilities; Postmodern Northeastern University in Shenyang, region and multistabilities) China, 191 Rosenberger on, 111n4, 144 Nostalgia, Ihde on, 92 and “structural edification”, 111n4 Nothingness, concept of, 97, 97n20 use of in various archeological dating Nuclear power plants, 143 techniques, 112 Three Mile Island accident, 183 variables, number of in mapping multistability, 111 Whyte on, 109, 109n3 O Mumford, Lewis, 184 Obama, Barack, 45 Music, 31, 33, 109n3 Objectivity, 5, 20, 26, 39 amplifying immersion, 34–36 according to Haraway, 220–221 computerized music, 66n3 according to Ihde, 227 as example of primary and secondary and domination in technoscience, 24–27 retention and protention, 90 and ethical epoché, 35 and hearing sound, 17, 30, 90 and ethics in technoscience, 27–33 rock music and Ihde, 5, 19, 23, 34–35, 39 objectifying gaze, 31–32 Muybridge, Eadweard, 31 reduction of seeing to objectification, 28 Occlusion, 144 Ocularity, 5, 19–20, 25, 27, 35, 36, 39 N displacing hearing, 35 Narrative voice amplifying immersion, ocular technologies, 21–23 34–36 See also Vision National Geographic Channel, 224 On Non-Foundational Phenomemology Nationalism, 20, 22, 97, 98 (Ihde), 232 National Socialism, 64, 94, 94n12, 99 On the Mode of Existence of Technical Objects “Natural attitude”, 52, 67, 69, 177 (Simondon), 96n17 248 Index

Organology, 89, 89n5 and vision, 30 The Origins of Geometry (Husserl), 196 Perspective, 3 Outdoor thermometer, 178, 181, 182 in ambiguous drawings, 107, 110 Oxford Handbook of Contemporary Cartesian perspectives, 31 Phenomenology (Zahavi, ed.), 2 and conversion, 14–15 “dominant” perspective, 199n6 of the “lonely man”, 119 P overhead perspective, 219 Paris, France and Ihde, 19–22, 39 partial perspective promising objective Parisi, David, 161, 162, 169 vision, 221 Parmenides, 31–32 perspectivism, 77, 81 Passive synthesis, 131, 137 philosophy providing, 195, 198 Passivity, 37, 151, 179 variations or shifts in, 14, 16, 70, 110 as an agent relation, 205, 205n9 Peterson, Martin, 131 Paterson, Mark, 161, 171 Pfänder, Alexander, 70n10 Patmos (Hölderlin), 90 Phenomenology, 58 Peirce, Charles Sanders, 5, 47, 50, 51, 58 of becoming (post) and pragmatism, 43–46, 55, 58, 59 phenomenological, 76–81 Peking University, 192 bio-phenomenolgy, 218 People’s Republic of China, see China, Ihde’s “classical” phenomenology, 70 impact in crossroads of thinking of technology by Perception Ihde and Stiegler, 87–101 and affordance, 56 cultural phenomenology, 165 as being “cultural”, 71n12 differences between traditional and bio-technological variations, 223 phenomenology and blatant perceptualizing, 74 postphenomenology, 127 and bodies and body relations, 36, 74, 110, and engineering, 8, 175–188 134, 163, 165, 197–198, 200, 202 Heidegger on, 24, 77–78, 83 and embodiment, 28, 197–198, 221 Husserlian phenomenology, 3, 14, 57, 83, environmental perceptions, 166 125, 208 as Euclidian, 72 “hybrid” phenomenology, 126, 127 hermeneutic perception, 200 Ihde’s revolutions and the development of Ihde on in the Introduction to Sense and phenomenology, 19–39 Significance, 54 of instrument-mediated perception, 28–30 intentional and constitutive nature of, 126 “interrelational phenomenology”, 197 macroperceptions, 71, 76, 165–166, 200, lifeworld and engineering, 175–188 202, 227 material phenomenology, 208 and meaning, 164 Merleau-Ponty on phenomenological and mediation, 171, 202, 206 viewpoint, 83 Merleau-Ponty on, 71n12, 72n15, 134, 221 nonsubjective and interrelational microperceptions, 71, 72, 76, 83, 165–166, phenomenology, 3, 195 200, 202, 227 phenomenological description of driving a as monodimensional, 32 car, 119 perceptual engagement, 163 phenomenological reduction, 15, 38 perceptual experience as unmediated, 206 politics and the terminology of perceptual stabilities, 107 phenomenology and postmodernism, 59 reduction of, 32, 206, 207 post-Husserian phenomenology of relations between perceptual and technology, 63 technological experience, 206–208 and postphenomenology, 162–165 role of in epistemology, 221 and pragmatism, 77–78 sensory perception, 171 principles that shaped phenomenology in and technology, 108–109 Sense and Significance (Ihde), translating to concepts and culture, 58 introduction to, 13–17 Index 249

radical phenomenology, 134–136 Politics and political philosophy, 45, 71, 75, rules of, 15–17 95, 96, 99, 100, 141–153, 208 and science, 28, 30, 70, 132 and ethics, 124, 180, 194 and technoscience, 76, 222 geopolitics, 87, 92, 93, 100, 161 traditional phenomenology, role of in political philosophy, 2, 5–7, 143 China, 209 politicizing postphenomenology, 141–153 Phenomenology (Hegel), 81 politics of things, 150–151 “Phenomenology and Philosophy of and pragmatism, 45 Technology” (Ihde interview), 191 reshaping political power through creation Phenomenology of Perception (Merleau- of technologies, 145 Ponty), 71, 71n13 and science, 26, 27, 33 Phenomenology of Spirit (Hegel), 183 socio-political dimensions, 21, 84, 126, Philosophy of science, 2, 59, 72, 82, 89, 136, 179, 225 176–77, 187, 192–195, 203, 203n8 technological mediation of political Philosophy of technology, 63 interactions and issues, 147–152 after Stiegler and Ihde, 2, 6, 87 and the terminology of phenomenology becoming Deweyan as well as and postmodernism, 59 phenomenological, 6, 63–84 PoP, see Phenomenology of Perception in China, 5, 191–212 (Merleau-Ponty) empirical nature of Chinese philosophy of Popular culture, Ihde on, 19, 21–23, 38 technology, 209 Populism, 149, 153 Heidegger on, 64, 88, 91, 95, 97, 99 Positive freedom, 146 Ihde’s influence on, 1, 9, 43, 44, 58, 141, Positivism, 83, 83n23 144, 175, 180, 187, 191–192 Possibilities, varying as a rule in and multistability, 109 phenomenology, 16 and the philosophy of science, 187, Post-Cartesian philosophy, 55 203, 203n8 Postmodernism, 54, 58, 59 political philosophy of technology, Postmodern region and multistabilities, 106, 142, 143 112, 119–121 “scientific” (logical empiricist) philosophy Postphenomenology: Critical Companion to of technology, 185 Ihde (Selinger, ed.), 1, 217 “Philosophy of Technology (and/or Postphenomenological Investigations: Essays Technoscience?): 1996–2010” on Human Technology Relations (Ihde), 192 (Rosenberger and Verbeek, eds.), 234 “Philosophy of Technology” (Mitcham and Postphenomenology, 6, 111, 162–165 Grote), 195 and agency relations, 179–183 Philosophy of Technology: An Introduction allowing for change in technologies, 112n5 (Ihde), 175, 232 basis of, 70 translated into Chinese, 192 becoming (post)phenomenological, Philosophy of Technology: In Search of 76–81 Discourse Synthesis (Durbin), 9 compared to pragmatism, 75 Photographic consciousness, predatory nature differences between traditional of, 217, 226 phenomenology and Physics (Aristotle), 32 postphenomenology, 127 Pickering, Andy, 225 environment defined by, 126 Pivots and multistability, 109, 109n3 and ethics, 123–139 “Whytian pivots”, 109n3, 111, 111n4 in “Hawk: Predatory Vision” Platforms, 48–49, 51–53, 57, 151, 166 (Ihde), 217–228 Plato, 27, 88, 89n5, 94 human-technology-world relations in, Plotnick, Rachel, 161 197–199, 199n5, 200–206 Pluriculture and pluriculturality, 22, 96, Ihde in China, 191–212 201, 203 Ihde’s description of in light of Dewey and Pokémon Go (game), 166 Rorty, 78, 195 250 Index

Postphenomenology (cont.) Power of things, 143–144 Ihde’s move from Husserl toward Dewey, Power relations and technology, 142–147 6, 63–84, 87–101 politics as interaction, 147–148 Ihde’s steps to name and create primacies “Practical” and Ihde’s notion of multistability, of, 195–197 109, 109n3 importance of instruments in, 196 Practical intentionality, 207 integrating media studies, 165–167 “Pragmatism, Phenomenology and Philosophy and interpretations of Husserl and of Technology” (Ihde seminar), 191 Heidegger, 67–68 Pragmatism and interrelational ontology, 124, 126–127 co-adaption between organism and as “interrelational phenomenology”, 197 environment, 196 marginalizing engineering process, 188 compared to postphenomenology, 75 and mobile media, 159–171 and epistemology, 44, 46–49, 55, moral reasoning and relational ethics 56, 58, 59 in, 123–139 and falliblism, 49 multi-city research project around games, “Golden Age” of, 13 digital and mobile media, 159–171 and idealism, 52 and multistability as a multistable and Ihde, 43–59 concept, 105–121 linguistic pragmatism, 58 and new materialism, 160–167 and naturalism, 49–53 and one-size-fits all concept, 65 ontological pluralism of, 57 phenomenological terms at center of overview of, 44–46 postphenomenology, 197–198 and phenomenology, 77–78 politicizing of, 141–153 pragmatic anti-essentialism, 65 as pragmatism plus phenomenology, 3, 6, pragmatic epistemology, 55 43, 77–81, 125–127, 150, 176, 195–196 pragmatic naturalism and Ihde, 53–58 productive pragmatism and pragmatic progressivism, 81–82 postphenomenology, 77 pragmatist epistemology, 59 questions about as a philosophical pragmatist falliblism, 49 orientation, 63–84 progressive pragmatism, 63 and role of habits, 57–58 The Pragmatism Reader: From Peirce through and the shift away from representational the Present (Talisse and Aiken (eds), 2 epistemology, 47 “Praxis-perception model” of experience, 78, and study of mobile phone users, 143, 194 7, 159–171 Predispositions, 16, 47, 163 and technology, 112n5 “The Primacy of the Body, Not the Primacy of and technoscience, 132 Perception” (Gendlin), 130 on the use of post in term, 90 Primate Visions: Gender, Race, and Nature in Postphenomenology: A Critical Companion to the World of Modern Science Ihde (Selinger, ed.), 1, 234 (Haraway), 222 “Postphenomenology and Multistability” (Ihde Primordial constitution, 129, 131, 133 lecture), 192 Princeton University Press, 2 Postphenomenology and Technoscience: The Privacy, technological impacts on, 146, 152 Peking University Lectures (Ihde), 9, Process and Reality (Dewey), 127 192, 233 Process philosophy of Whitehead, 7, 135 Spanish translation: Postphenomenolgia y process-relational philosophy, 125, Technociencia, 192 127–128, 137 Postphenomenology: Essays in the Postmodern Productive skill, 124, 125, 137 Context (Ihde), 200, 219n1, 232 “Prognostic Predicaments”, 127 “Postphenomenology: Historical and Progressive pragmatism, 63 Contemporary Currents” (special issue Promethenism, 99 of Techne), 1 Protention, 90 Post-WIMP interface, 168 Proust, Marcel, 90 Index 251

Psychological behaviorism, 56 Husserl on, 129 Psychologism, 69 magnification/reduction structure, 206–207 Psychology, descriptive, 14 naturalistic reductionism, 54 “Publics” and issues, mediated, 151–152 and ocularity, 20, 39 and perception, 32, 206, 207 phenomenological reduction, 15, 38 Q reductionist materialism, 54 “Quasi-otherness” of technologies, 4, 178 reductionist view of technology, 88 Quasi-transparency, Ihde on, 206, 207 reduction of experience, 16, 79 The Question Concerning Technology reduction of knowing, 28 (Heidegger), 3, 88–90, 91n7, 92, 97, reduction of vision, 17, 28, 30, 222–223, 107, 196 224n2, 227 The Question Concerning Technology in and “reversible destiny”, 37 China (Hui), 96n17, 100, 211n14 use of variations to prevent “Question of Technology” (Heidegger), 64n1 reductionism, 16 Quine, Willard Van Orman, 43, 46, 51 Reflexivity, 29 Reimagining Philosophy and Technology: Reinventing Ihde (Miller and Shew, R eds.), 234 Racist nature of design, 143, 143n1, 144 Rektoratsrede (Heidegger lecture), 26 Radical architecture and Ihde, 20 Relations See also Arakawa, Shusaku; Gins, road construction illustrating relation, 181 Madeline in Whitehead’s philosophy, 128 Ragdoll Blaster (game), 169 See also Agency relations; Alterity Rapp, Friedrich, 195 relations; Background relations; Bodies Rationalism, 45 and body relations; Embodiment and Reactionary modernism, 64 embodiment relations; Existentialism Realism, 29, 44, 45 and existential relations; Hermeneutics agency realism, 180 and hermeneutic relations; Human- bio-phenomenological “realism”, 220–222 technology-world relations; hermeneutic realism, 29, 30 Replacement relation instrumental realism, 187, Relativism, 22, 69, 221 192–194, 203–204 Replacement relation, 199 metaphysical realism, 203–204 Research in Philosophy of Technology in the naive realism, 28, 52, 69 Global Age (Chen Fan and Zhu realism and anti-realism, 187, 203 Chunyan), 192 sensory realism, 162 Retention, 131 Reality, 72, 95, 169 Husserl on primary and secondary independent reality, 30 retention, 90 “reality” TV, 23 retentional finitude of Dasein, 89 relational reality, 54, 130, 134–135, Stiegler on tertiary retention, 90 204, 227 “Reversible destiny”, 36–37, 39 and subjectivity, 53 Reversible Destiny: We Have Decided Not to technological reality, 96, 196, 199 Die (Gins and Arakawa), 36 virtual reality, 199 Revolution Reciprocal intentionality, 126 Ihde’s revolution, 5, 19–39 Red-tailed hawk, see “Hawk: Predatory Kuhn’s revolutionary science, 24, 26 Vision” (Ihde) spiritual revolution, 96 Reduction and reductionism, 7, 25, 29, 59, 82, Richardson, Ingrid, 4, 7–8 92, 179, 207, 226 Ricoeur, Paul, 4, 24, 46, 137, 193, 197 double reduction, 222–223, 224n2 Ride of the Valkyries (Wagner), 35 and embodiment, 4 Riefenstahl, Leni, 26 and habits, 47 RMIT University, 160 252 Index

Road construction illustrating relation, 181 science and instrumental technologies as Rock music, see Music technoscience, 179 (see also Romanticism, 54, 64, 94n12 Technoscience) and situated unconcealment, 91–97 science as technologically embodied, 203 The Room (game), 170 structures of science, 203 Rorty, Richard, 43, 46, 77–78, 195 technology as prior to science, 196 (see Ihde referencing in Husserl’s Missing also Technology) Technologies, 54–55, 59 threats from, 192 Rosenberger, Robert, 6, 9, 147, 228 See also Philosophy of science on multistabilities, 105, 108, 109n3, 110, Science, Technology and Dialectics 111, 111n4, 112n5, 113, 116, 120 (journal), 194 and politics of technology, 143–144 Science, Technology and Society (STS), 4 The Routledge Companion to Phenomenology Science and Technology Studies, 89, 150 (Luft and Overgaard), 2 Science in Action (Latour), 224n2 Rush, Jeff, 169 SCOT, see Social Construction of Russell, Bertrand, 51 Technology (SCOT) Rust-belt technologies, 65, 66, 78 Sein und Zeit (Heidegger), see Being and Time (Heidegger) Self-awareness, 50, 73, 74, 207 S Selinger, Evan, 1, 83, 109n3, 217, 228 Sanders, Bernie, 45 Semiotics, see “Material semiotics” Sartre, Jean-Paul, 227 Sense and Significance (Ihde), 231 Scharff, Robert C., 2, 6 introduction to, 3, 5, 6, 13–17 Scheiermacher, Friedrich, 196 Sensors as a public and political issue, 151 Schelling, F.W.J., 50, 51, 53, 93, 95 Sensory experience, 17, 30, 36, 71, 74n18, Schelling’s Treatise on the Essence of Human 165, 185, 225, 227 Freedom (Heidegger seminar), 93 Sensory intimacy of mobile media, 159–171 Science, 3, 4, 14, 69, 72, 76, 116, 175, 186, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, 188, 192–194, 203 China, 192 Dewey on, 79, 80 Shelf-lives, Ihde’s concept of, 63–84 and double reduction, 223 Shu Hongyue, 200 and embodiment, 191 Silesius, Angelus, 91 and engineering, 176, 186, 187 Simians, Cyborgs, and Women (Haraway), 222 and ethics, 32, 39 Simondon, Gilbert, 96n17 feminist science studies, 8 Situatedness, 57 Heidegger on, 24–26, 52, 91, 196 situated-embodied epistemologies, 220 as hermeneutic, 24, 31, 224n2 “Situated Knowledges”, 219–220 history of science, 219, 220, 223 situated unconcealment, 91–97 Husserl on, 68, 74n17, 126, 196 Sloterdijk, Peter, 97 Ihde’s revolutions and the development of The Soaring Albatross: Studies on Don Ihde’s phenomenology, 19–39 Phenomenology of Technology (Yang and instrumental realism, 203–204 Qingfeng), 192, 234 instrumentation in, 22, 28, 31, 222 Social Construction of Technology (SCOT), Kuhn’s revolutionary science, 24, 26 112n5, 202 and lifeworld, 68, 74n17 Social Darwinism, 49 natural science, 51, 208 Social determinism, 200, 203 new science of experience, 14 Social media, role of in politics, 148 and objectivity, 28 Social-political dimension of the technological phenomenology and science, 28, lifeworld, 179 30, 70, 132 Society for Philosophy and Technology and political theory, 150 (SPT), 1, 9 on the primacy of science, 211 Sorbonne, 20 rooted in culture, 196 Sorge (care) of Heidegger, 197 Index 253

Soul, 94, 94n11, 94n12 Techne (also techné or techn 0113), 65, Sound, phenomenology of, 21–22, 30–31 66n3, 88, 97 comparing visual and auditory Techne: Research in Philosophy and phenomena, 31–32 Technology (journal), 1 place of auditory phenomena, 33–36 “Technical tendency”, 118 See also Hearing, Ihde on Technics and Praxis (Ihde), 1, 57, 175, 176, South China University of Technology, 192 199n5, 203, 231–232 Spectroscope and spectroscopy, 116, 218 “The Experience of Technology” in, 4 Spencer, Herbert, 49 Technics and Time, 1: The Fault of Epimetheus Spengler, Osward, 94 (Stiegler), 89 Spiritualist seer, observations of a tree, 227 Technological determinism, 194, 200–204 “Spring of the Soul” (Trakl), 94 Technological experience, 4, 26, 65, 176, SPT, see Society for Philosophy and 193, 198n4 Technology (SPT) engineers as a variation in, 183–188 Stabilities, 3, 6, 144, 227 relations between perceptual and See also Multistabilities technological experience, 206–208 Standing Rock and the Lakota Nation, 27 Technological mediation, 89n4, 109, 142, Steinbock, Anthony, 125, 129, 133 163–165, 177, 184, 188, 199n5, STEM classes, see Educational practices 206–207, 220 Stiegler, Bernard, 2, 6, 89n5, 118 of political interactions and Strauss, Johann, 90 issues, 147–152 Street benches, mulltistability analysis of, 110, The Technological Society (Ellul), 3 113, 116, 117 Technology, 3, 4, 82 photos of uses of, 114–115, 117 and background relations, 164, 165, Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Kuhn), 24 177–179, 181, 199 Structures body-technology relations, 56–57, 164, essential structures, 69, 125 (see also 165, 177–179 Essence of technology) computerized modeling, 186 logical structures, 129 concept in China, 209–210 power structures, 142, 143 and cosmos, 96n17 of science, 203 and cosmotechnics, 6, 87–101, 200, 201 seeking structures, 5, 16–17 crossroads of thinking of technology by structure-revealing capacity in variational Ihde and Stiegler, 87–101 analysis, 107 cultural embeddedness of, 196, 200–201 of universes, 106 and cultural hermeneutics, 4, 74, 96, 142, STS, see Science, Technology and 202 (see also Macroperceptions) Society (STS) and culture, 196, 200 Studies in Dialectics of Nature (journal), 194 and democracy, 144–147 Studies in Philosophy of Science and and design, 78, 106, 136, 144–145, 187 Technology (journal), 194 “designing” social effects into Subjectivity and subjectivism, 71n12, 75, technologies, 145 132, 226 essence of technology, 65 Sublation, 50 ethics of technology, 125, 135 Sunstein, Cass, 145 Goebbels on the era of technology, 94n12 Swierstra, Tsjalling, 146 Heidegger on, 107n2 Switched-On Bach (recording of Carlos), 34 human rationality and technology, 207 SZ, see Being and Time (Heidegger) human-technology entanglements in multistability, 109n3 Ihde’s critique of Heidegger’s concept of T technology, 64–66, 64n1 Táng Yidé, see Ihde, Don industrial technologies, 3, 88, 183 Tao Jianhua, 207 as instrument based, 28, 30, 32 Tao Jianwen, 199 and intentionality, 196, 197, 202, 205 254 Index

Technology (cont.) and Heidegger, 25–28, 82, 91 and interrelational ontology, 126 hermeneutic nature of, 29 and material hermeneutics, 152, 153, Ihde developing concept of, 24, 25, 27, 35, 196, 204 175, 191, 192, 222 and metaphysics, 24, 89, 132 and the lifeworld, 32, 33 multistabilities, 105–121 and multistabilities, 132 and music, 35 objectivity of, 24–33, 35 necessity and utility in technology, 116 and ocularity, 19, 36 as a neutral instrument, 200 and phenomenology of science, 28 one-size-fits all concept in philosophy of, 23 (see also Philosophy of technology, 65, 76 technology) and perception, 108–109 and postphenomenology, 132 phenomenological philosophy of as science and instrumental technology, 58 technologies, 24 and politics, 141–153 structure of, 3 post-Husserlian phenomenology of, 63 and visualization, 31 and postphenomenology, 112n5 Technoscience and Postphenomenology: The reductionist view of technology, 88 Manhattan Papers (Friis and Crease), in relation to human-world and I-world 1, 2, 234 (see Human-technology-world “Technoscience and the 21st Century” relations) (Ihde), 192 role of vision in, 30–32 Telescope science as technologically embodied, 203 Husserl’s neglect of Galileo’s telescope, social use of, 205, 205n9 68–74, 74n18, 75 technological artifacts, 4, 7, 90, 108, Ihde’s interest in Galileo’s telescope, 179, 124–126, 132, 137 180, 191, 196 technological manipulation, 182 Television, impact of, 22–23 technological multiplicity, 116 Tendency as an agent relation, 205, 205n9 technologies creating moral Tengami (game), 168, 170 exigencies, 124 Tertiary retention, concept of, 90 technology having different meanings, Text and matter, 208 105–107, 110, 197 Thaler, Richard, 145 technology transfer, 201, 202 Thales, 97 terms adopted by Chinese for concept of “The Age of World Picture” (Heidegger), 92 technology, 209, 211n14 Thermodynamics, 175, 186 theory preceding technology, 54 Things threats from, 192 politics of, 150–151 treatment of technologies from other power of, 143–144 cultures, 201 Thompson, Paul, 2, 5–6 universal dimension of, 98 Three Mile Island, 183 See also Engineering; Philosophy of Tian/Nature and Human, 211n15 technology TL, see Technology and the Lifeworld Technology and the Lifeworld: From Garden Tobii EyeMobile, 206 to Earth (Ihde), 4, 9, 70, 74, 96, 108, Tomato harvesting machines (example of 199n5, 200, 203, 219n1, 232 technologies embodying power), 143 translated into Chinese, 192 Tools, 65, 76, 132, 177 Technomoral change technologies, 146 body-tool relations, 113, 162, Technoscience, 27, 28, 30, 76, 219 164, 197–198 and engineering, 8, 175–188 carpenter and his tools, 177, 182 and epistemology, 19, 203 comparing blind man’s cane and artisan’s essence of, 33 hammer, 182 and ethics, 20, 27–33, 39 dao and the role of a knife, 210–211 “Hawk: Predatory Vision” as a narrative on Heidegger on, 89, 89n3 technoscience, 217–228 meanings as tools, 80 Index 255

“moral rules” as tools, 138 Vincenti, Walter, 185 philosophies as tools, 82 Virtualization technology, 205 shaping habits, 57–58 The Visible and the Invisible (Merleau-Ponty), theories as tools, 79 71, 71nn12, 72, 72n15, 73, 75 tool-horizon, 164 Vision, 23, 217–228 and the tool-machine spectrum, 184–185 bio-technological variations in eye-body See also Artifacts; Design; Instruments configurations, 223–224 Toran, Noam, 119, 120 comparing to auditory phenomena, 31–32, Totalization, 23, 221 34 (see also Hearing, Ihde on; Sound, Touch and technology, see Haptic mediums phenomenology of) and qualities embodied nature of, 221 Touchscreens, 161, 161n2, 162, 163, 167–171 eye-body configurations, variety Trakl, Georg, 87, 93, 94, 95n13, 98 of, 223–225 Transcendentalism, 107n2, 193 Gins on, 37 Transition, ways of use of as an agent relation, impact of instruments on, 28–29 205, 205n9 objectifying, 227 The Transmission of Affect (Brennan), 133 and perception, 30 Transparency, Ihde on, 198, 199, 206 reduction of, 17, 28, 30, 222–224, Triangulation and multistability concept, 224n2, 227 112–113, 121 second sight, 225 Triumph des Willens (Triumph of the Will) two approaches in “Hawk: Predatory (film), 26 Vision”, 217–228 Trotsky, Leon, 82 visuality, 19, 22 Trump, Donald, 149, 151 visual technologies, 5, 219–220 Truxel, John, 184 See also Ocularity Twitter, 149 “Vision and Objectivity” (Ihde), 227 Visualization, 30–31, 193n3, 217, 224–226 Von Kármán, Theodore, 185 U Von Uexküll, Jakob, 52–53 Überhaupt, 66, 82 Vorhanden, 66 Umwelt, 53 Voyeurism, 224, 226, 227 Unconcealment, 87, 91–98 Ungrund, 95 Unmediated experience, perceptual W experience as, 206 Wang, 211, 211n15 Ur-analysis of technological mediation Wang Qian, 211n14 theory, 177 Warren, Karen, 25, 35 Utility and necessity in technology, 116 Was Heisst Denken? (What Is Called Thinking?) (Heidegger lecture course), 25 V Watt, James, 202 Vaccination and choice, 145–146 Weiss, Gaile, 222 van den Boomen, Marianne, 170 Wellner, Galit, 3, 6–7 “Variational cross-examination”, 111n4 Welton, Donn, 136 Variational theory, 3, 107, 127, 195, 197 Wen Hui (emperor of China), 210–211 Variation as a rule in phenomenology, 16 Wen Xiang, 201, 202, 204 See also Invariance Whales, social hunting of, 225 Variety/multiplicity in variational analysis, 108 “What Is the Philosophy of Technology?” Verbeek, Peter-Paul, 3, 6, 7, 9, 108, 109n3, (Mitcham), 195 124, 125, 134–136, 199n6, 209 What Things Do (Verbeek), 136 Vermaas, Pieter, 1 Wheel as example of technological VI, see The Visible and the Invisible change, 118 (Merleau-Ponty) Whitehead, Alfred North, 7, 125, 127–128, Videogames, see Media and gameplay 131, 135, 137 256 Index

Whole body knowledge, 32, 33 Xi’an University of Architecture and Whyte, Kyle, 6, 7, 109, 109n3, 120 Technology in China, 191 “Whytian pivots”, 109n3, 111, 111n4 Wiener, Norbert, 88, 95, 95n14 Y Wilders, Geert, 149 Yang Qingfeng, 193, 196–198, 198n4, 199, Window, Icon, Menu, Pointing Device, see 202, 204–206, 208 Post-WIMP interface Yi Xianfei, 200 Winner, Langdon, 91, 95, 142, 143, Young, Iris, 221, 222 143n1, 178 Yuan Deyu, 195 Wisser, Richard, 98 Words With Friends (game), 171 Work, action and labor, 147–148 Z World in relation to human-technology, see Zaner, Richard, 136 Human-technology-world relations Zeno of Elea, 32 Wright, Chauncey, 45 Zhang Kang, 4, 8 Wu Ningning, 206, 207 Zhang Laiju, 193, 198–200 Wu Wei, 208 Zhou Liyun, 198n4 Zhuangzi, 210, 211 Zimmerman, Michael, 94 X Zuhand, 66 Xia Fan, 199 Zwier, Jochem, 89n4