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#179 16-22 January 2004 24 pages Rs 25

KUNDA DIXIT Weekly Internet Poll # 119 ne month after the student Q. If a referendum were to be held, what type unions affiliated to the of system would you vote for? political parties launched their agitation, the protests have taken a dramatic and radical Orepublican tone. The students appear to have the Total votes:1,658 green light from their mentors in the Weekly Internet Poll # 120. To vote go to: www.nepalitimes.com Who is going to solve this puzzle? parties to step up the rhetoric in a Q. Do you trust the current political leadership to lead the nation? last-ditch attempt to pressure King Gyanendra to agree to retract his October Fourth move, and restore power to the peoples’ representatives. Student leaders who STUMPED began their campaign by demanding that the king restore democracy are now openly calling for him to step down from the throne. King Gyanendra himself tried to defuse the situation by initiating a series of meetings with party leaders and presenting them with his 7- point agenda for political consensus. The leaders were not too impressed. The palace for its part doesn’t seem too worried about the street agitation or the insurgency escalating out of control. Does it know something we don’t? It could be pleased about recent military gains in the see-saw war as well as old rifts opening up between the NC and the UML. The two parties are divided BILASH RAI about whether reinstatement of ENJOY parliament or an all-party Every Friday government is the way forward. Both present, so the palace offering the parties green The Sumptuous Barbecue Dinner want to have an upper hand when, and the parties have to meet grass but if they fall for it again it at our illuminated Courtyard and Garden and if, the king backtracks. They halfway. Only then can they look will be suicidal and a major blunder,” For Vegetarians have also adopted a two-pronged for a solution to the Maoist Ideologue Baburam Bhattarai in a Bhattarai wrote. Special Sish Kebabs and many more. strategy: telling the students to take insurgency. If the king decides to go writeup in the party paper, Janadesh, The Maoists Editorial p2 a hardline anti-monarchy stance it alone, it is sure to the push the this week poked fun at the king’s have declared a For Reservation: 552 1810 Tail wags dog while they themselves soft-peddle it. parties and the Maoists closer and audiences with party leaders. He Magar Autonomous Region in the Most independent analysts agree rush us towards a republic. urged the parties not to listen to the midwest and are planning a big that neither a republic nor a return The Maoists are taking full king and keep up the republican gathering at a secret location to mark to absolute monarchy are feasible at advantage of this polarisation. momentum. “King Gyanendra is the event next week. l 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 2 EDITORIAL #179 Published by Himalmedia Pvt Ltd, Chief Editor: Kunda Dixit Desk Editor: Trishna Gurung, Design: Kiran Maharjan Webmaster: Bhushan Shilpakar Advertising: Sunaina Shah [email protected] Subscription: Anil Karki, [email protected] Sanchaya Kosh Building, Block A-4th Floor, Lalitpur GPO Box 7251, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 01-5543333-6, Fax: 01-5521013 [email protected], www.nepalitimes.com Printed at Jagadamba Press, Hatiban: 01-5547018 Kleptoholics anonymous TAIL WAGS DOG Real regression is putting arsonists and extortionists in power. hat a difference two weeks makes. Last month, we bit our tongues parliament itself failed to initiate has proposed any serious while talking about the anti-monarchy slogans being raised on GUEST COLUMN necessary reforms, it would blueprint. the streets. Today it has become so commonplace, we don’t bat Dipak Gyawali an eyelid. inevitably be done from If one has to go for elections, Till a few weeks ago, people spoke in hushed tones of the shoe outside—either as a consensual why suffer the impossible feat of Wgarlands on royal effigies. Last week, they cremated a corpse of ‘regression’ oth Rishikesh Shaha and reform process initiated by King electing an impractical wearing a crown, and it was regarded as just another street demo. Shambhu Prasad Gyawali Birendra or through the Maoist constituent assembly? Why not Now that the streets are resounding with republican slogans, one has to (my father) have now passed path of a constituent assembly. elect a fresh parliament that wonder why Nepalis have to kill each other for that cause anymore. Nine thousand lives and eight years of mayhem later, it now looks like the main into the pages of history, but they After having his fingers burnt in already has the right to change demand of the Maoists could just as easily have been met by street Bwere giants that bestrode the 1979 and 1990, the monarch the constitution with a two- protests and setting a few government vehicles alight. The party bosses Nepali public sphere for half a seemed reluctant to pursue the third majority? There is nothing unleashed the students, but will the kids listen to Grandad Girija anymore? century. Both were architects of first. Was the second option of in the present constitution The tail is wagging the dog. the 1962 Constitution that lasted wiping the slate clean and stopping it from adding It is difficult to gauge just how much support the students on the streets starting afresh even feasible? provisions of ethnic or linguistic get from onlookers on the sidewalks. But the fact that so far they are just 30 years despite being mangled, looking on, and not joining in the arson, may indicate the slogans are just first by Panchayati hardliners in The scenario could unfold as balance or even a referendum. that: slogans. The Nepali people still appear to be drawing a distinction 1975 and subsequently by the follows. At the very instance that Why don’t the parties go to the between the institution of monarchy and the intention of the monarch. myopia in 1980 after the National a constituent assembly was people with that clear blueprint Most bystanders don’t trust the political parties all that much either. Referendum. A few months before declared, the 1990 Constitution and get the requisite mandate? They take a dim view of the bonfire of government pickups bought with my father passed away, I remember would be null and void. Five years ago, when the public money. Ripples of the anti-regression demos on Ratna Park do not reach remote Nepal. The message is magnified by television news, but the the two debating the 1990 Immediately the executive, elders debated this question, people analyse it as being less about republicanism and more about Constitution, which had begun to legislative and judiciary powers of there was still hope that the parties trying to upgrade their bargaining position vis-à-vis the king. exhibit fatal flaws. the kingdom would revert to the parties could see the light and It doesn’t help the parties’ cause that the people recognize some They did not doubt that it head of state. The constituent lead to reforms. Today, we have familiar faces leading the marches, faces that are on the CIAA’s watch-list. had certain democratic features, assembly would then be the seen much more veniality, and The public is also dismayed that these past weeks prove the modus process of bringing back those the governance debate is far less operandi of the parties hasn’t changed. If they get back on the but it also contained contradictions saddle, they will be back to their old tricks, including fighting each other which led to the present mess in powers to public organisations edifying. Congenital kleptocrats tooth-and-nail. governance. It was biased against and legitimating them. The have no business calling Meanwhile, sitting in Nagarjun and gazing down at his capital Valley, small and emerging parties, and it difficulties inherent in that themselves democrats. Arsonists the monarch is recalcitrant. The royal audiences have failed to do the effectively failed to include course of action, they felt, were or extortionists are no trick. The king’s use of the seven-point plan seems to have underestimated heterogeneous minority groups. not being seriously considered. progressive vanguard. Restoring the frustration of the parliamentary leadership as well as the potential of the street agitation to spiral out of control of both the government and the Provisions such as the judicial First, one had to decide what them to power without them parties. council removed the onus of legitimate constituencies were. having to face voters is the real Now that we are forced to think the unthinkable, we have to say that proper administration of justice The 205 electoral districts would regression. Nepal will probably survive as a republic. But why get rid of an institution from the shoulders of the chief have already been annulled. How The way out of this that is not just a symbol of our historical evolution into a nation state, but justice. Under a winner-takes-all was one to fix new ones? On quagmire is to begin the process also an institution that can be the constitutional force of last resort? what basis? Population? of local elections that will throw If the parties showed more measured and responsible behaviour and scheme, real representation was the palace proved through its actions that it is committed to restoring the wanting. And by blurring the Language? Ethnicity? Religion? up a newer set of young leaders. peoples’ sovereign rights, there may still be a way out of this morass. distinction between law Some or all of them? Who was to Let all parties answer the seven making and executive functions, decide, and how? Second, points raised by the king and let check-and-balance failed in elections would have to be held them go to the public with their a systemic way. in each of those ‘constituencies’ view on the constitution, But was the because nominations would preferably after reforming constituent assembly not do. themselves. Then let us see what advocated by the In this kingdom that mandate the public will give. Maoists the solution? consists only of minorities, would That they cannot go to the Was it right for those not all (Muslims, animists, every people because of the Maoists is believing in the rule of linguistic group and, heaven a lame excuse: the Maoists have law to fall for what those forbid, Brahmins) clamour for only stepped into the political who believe in the same separate status? Third, vacuum left in the countryside consensus at gunpoint after these practical hurdles are by the parties unable to explain advocate? The gist of crossed, there would have to be a their kleptomania. This that exuberant debate consensus about the framework interregnum will continue until of a new order, for which no one the people can decide. MIN BAJRACHARYA was that if the l Foreign envoys and Nepali politics number of Western envoys in Kathmandu have been in just a dozen years. Today, they have gone to the extent of stakeholders, as against elected politicians at the DDC and extraordinarily strident in their advocacy of a role for calling for a republic (otherwise an exclusive Maoist turf) VDC levels, should top such an agenda. political parties in resolving the Maoist problem and aimed at intimidating the king into submission. Expediency, l Nepal is a country at war. A unity of command is bringing the country back on the democratic track. (See not principle, remains the hallmark of Nepali politicians. indispensable. But nobody in the right frame of mind would Editorial, ‘Newton’s laws’, #177) Since most foreign emissaries extend generous financial envision any one of these morally diminutive politicos taking ATheir statements, in turn, seem to have emboldened the assistance to Nepal’s development, it is only right that they command of the security forces. If they continue to insist, they agitating parties to regain the reins of power even without a should be interested in the political goings-on here. The would only invite trouble for themselves and for the country. popular mandate in an election. While their umpteen phases of proper use of their aid money presupposes good governance. Working with the king is the absolute minimum they must do. ‘agitation against regression’ have failed to generate popular Therefore, their concern with Nepali politics derives l The diplomatic community may also want to do some enthusiasm, the five-party alliance of a loose and opportunistic essentially from their own sense of accountability to tax introspection. The paradox is that 50 years of foreign aid to ensemble of political payers back home. Nepal has ended up breeding Maoists. There has been a FEEDBACK groupings with little in Diplomatic missions in Kathmandu wield enormous fundamental flaw in the way foreign aid has been designed Bihari K Shrestha common except their lust influence over politicians and even a token of intervention and dispensed. Lavishing incentives on government officials for power, has now has acted as a magic wand in checking excesses. The to exact approval has been standard operating procedure. unleashed students to commit mayhem in the streets in a manner international community has played the role of midwife at l One of Nepal’s biggest donors is India, which has also reminiscent of Panchayati Mandales. crucial junctures in our history. How should they use this bolstered the fighting capacity of the Royal Nepali Army. These developments seem to put the diplomats in an power? However, the people are asking how come the Indian security awkward position because they are seen as providing ‘legitimacy’ l The envoys should impress upon the parties to first tell apparatus cannot apprehend Nepali Maoists in its territory to the agitation by the parties. By withholding support for this the Nepali people they have curbed their gluttonous appetite where they operate quite openly. agitation, the people are punishing politicians for their sustained for graft and are committed to good governance. This could perfidy. Through their single-minded pursuit of shameless be a tall order because money plays a crucial role in our Bihari Krishna Shrestha is an anthropologist who corruption, the party leadership brought the country to its knees elections, but the devolution of authority to grassroots once served in the National Planning Commission. 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 NATION #179 3

The main obstacle now is regime legitimacy. political, social, cultural and engulfing the regime and seems to ASTATE OF THEflailing STATE environmental consequences ofstagebe another ploy by palace CK Lal borrowing. strategists to keep the parties Judging from his frequent mired in wrangling. The point n politics, ‘normal’ depends on contributions in the media isn’t the seven points—a national who is talking. The country is (including this newspaper) Ohashi consensus over their importance is in the grip of an unprecedented seems to suffer from a mild case of a foregone conclusion. It is who crisis, but the World Bank thinks Napoleon Complex. Instead of has the power to set that agenda. that since governance is in the reminding readers that he isn’t in Legitimacy is the process by Ihands of technocrats, the situation the charity business, Ken delivers which an institution attempts to is normal. A restoration of harsh homilies on the importance justify its existence and power. democracy seems to be as of good governance, ignoring the King Gyanendra hasn’t done important a risk for the Bank as basic premise of state anything so far to validate his the fear of Nepal turning into a accountability: no taxation Fourth October move. The crisis Failed State. without representation. arises when strains within the At the launch of World Bank’s He says the country he comes polity reach such a stage that the Country Assistance Strategy last from “virtually invented the state superstructure is in Friday, Prakash Sharan Mahat, an concept of high growth” (Japan’s imminent danger of collapse. The adviser in Sher Bahadur Deuba’s annual GDP growth exceeded triangular contest between the discredited regime, raised 10% on a sustained basis in the royal government, the Maoists objections from the floor to the 1960s) and wants us to emulate it. and the parties seems to be Bank’s belief in normalcy. This How can one question such a headed in that direction. We are gave Ken Ohashi another noble motive? But Japan’s in the ‘flailing stage’ in which a opportunity to repeat some well- economic miracle happened under state passes through before worn clichés about causation and a constitution that gave no power ‘falling’ and them becoming a correlation. to its celestial emperor. Japanese do ‘failed state’. Safeguarding democracy isn’t what they do because they have a Donors and lenders like Ken- one of the missions of the bank. stake in it. san must note that the main Like any other commercial For Nepalis, the problem is obstacle now is regime legitimacy. enterprise, predictability is the key that while our donors and lenders Good governance, important as it criteria in making investment are so concerned about the is, has become secondary. The decisions. Democracy is ‘ownership’ of public priorities of the state have unpredictable by definition. infrastructure and institutions, the changed: politics now has to Hence, like all advocates of ‘liberal’ question of ownership of the state return to centre-stage before economy, the bank also invariably itself is not questioned. The World anything else can happen. prefers illiberal politics. Bank has praised the handing over Perhaps we are too close to However liberal Ken Ohashi of schools and hospitals to current events to understand the may be in private, he would be communities, how about handing significance of slogans that the failing in his duty if he ignored the over the country to its people? protesting students are chanting, natural proclivity of politicians King Gyanendra passed on his but they are suffused with towards populism. He could have seven-point agenda for national unimagined possibilities. Never silenced critics at the Crowne Plaza consensus to the leaders of before has anyone ridiculed the by simply asking them to read his different political parties he met royalty the way the youngsters are bank’s lending policies. The last week. Sadly, it ignores the doing. The writing on the wall is MIN BAJRACHARYA borrower has to bear the economic, severe crisis of legitimacy slowly too glaring to ignore. l

L ETTERS

complete without considering the influence in particular is perplexing. This proposal SeiraCIVIL Tamang’sMILITIA ‘Turning civilians into of the big “I” – India, especially now in the TheBUSINESS news of the Royal Nepali Army (RNA) has to be retracted immediately. combatants’ (#175) has some critical context of the Maoist Revolt when there is demanding payment from NEA for providing J Man, email flaws. She attacks parachuting conflict enough proof that Maoist leaders hide and security to hydroelectric installations is very specialists, but takes the data from operate from India. Regarding the civil militia, disturbing and provides a dangerous l It was getting disturbing to see how another group of parachuting conflict Tamang cites one selective example of precedence. This seemingly naïve proposal things are turning out in Nepal when I read specialists like Amnesty International failure of civil militia in Guatemala, but will have undesirable effects on the ‘At the gates’ (#178) on your internet and ICJ to further her arguments. She ignores their effective use in Thailand and economy and the question the role and edition. The students’ protests seem argues that certain Kathmandu-based Malaysia. As an advocate of democracy, protocol of the army. The government has unlikely to die down, even if the king foreign embassies are influencing Nepali why does she object to the Nepali allocated a line item budget to maintain the retracts his earlier moves. For god’s sake politics. This is hardly a revelation. government putting its faith on the citizens army, which has a fundamental obligation to lets give him a way out. Meanwhile, the Foreign influence is a reality of world and granting them their right to protect provide security to the people and assets of detention of Ishwor Pokharel is a slap in politics. Nepali political scientists should themselves by providing the necessary Nepal. The budget has increased the wrist by Big Brother. We blame India for take all foreign influences into account tools? She claims that arming the citizens significantly in recent times to quell Maoist not helping to end terrorism but our and give thought to how best to work could have longterm devastating effect and activities. The budget may be underfunded, representatives keep meeting terrorists on with them for our nation’s benefit rather points to the kidnapping of a mayor in but this should not be motivation to generate Indian soil. What do you expect the Indians than making this a moral issue or merely Guatemala. Are not Nepalis, including ex- funds by holding public institutions hostage. to do, say ‘syabas’? wishing it away. Moreover, no analysis Kamaiyas, being kidnapped by Maoists Why should individual institutions pay the Basanta K Pokharel of Nepali politics and foreign influence is today? Why does no one protest when the army for security? If the army is unable to Massachussets, USA Maoists arm civilians? provide the services for which it was The consequence of not formed, then what is its role? Is the RNA a defeating the Maoists is mercenary force to which public institutions INOT am FUNNYwriting to add my voice to the opinion going to be even worse. and (maybe in future) private and individuals expressed by SS Pal about Kunda Dixit’s The logic of fear, pay a service charge for its protection? Is ‘Under My Hat’ column. To have a space for violence and money the RNA’s service for sale? humorous rants if fine, but we need was thrust upon this Nepal’s public institutions have been a something funny to get us to laugh. Enough country by the Maoists, pot of easy money for all. Now the utilities is enough, get rid of this stupid column and we had better fight are also being targeted. This sort of from an otherwise exemplary newspaper. back with both pens and extortion tactic was very successfully If you insist on keeping the column, why guns. applied by the Maoists for which the people not get someone else to write it for a Ram Prasad have despised them. The silence of the change. Nepali, email present government and Ministry of Defense Deepen Upadhyay, email KIRAN PANDEY 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 4 NATION #179

Ten percent of Nepal’s population is disabled. What are the others doing to help? Differently-abled government’s help, but he has millions of friends to make his voice heard. In July, Debkota joined a huge delegation from the NADN to present their case with its 15-point demand to Prime Minister Surya Bahadur Thapa at his office. This meeting also launched the first-ever movement to demand equal rights and privileges for the disabled. All they were asking for was an amendment to the Disabled Persons Protection and Welfare Act introduced in 1982 during the Panchayat regime. Their demands also included five percent reservation seats in government jobs, free medical treatment in all government hospitals, 50 percent discount on transportation, free education for children and compensation for those disabled by conflict. Says Maharjan: “So far nothing has happened, but we will not give up.” Nepal became the first country in South Asia to introduce an act in favour of the disabled population, ALL PICS: MIN BAJRACHARYA but lags behind the rest in implementation. In theory, Nepal’s NARESH NEWAR number of disabled Nepalis at a says Maharjan, acting president of “The UN and NGOs only talk commitment towards the disabled staggering 10 percent of the the National Association of about protecting children from the is probably one the best in the world lind at birth, Babu K population. By today’s count, that Disabled-Nepal (NADN). There is conflict or extend their sympathy for but neither the government nor the Maharjan feels he lives in a should make 2.5 million people in great awareness and sympathy, it is the dead, they never seem to care NGOs have done much, despite different world, not because this country are hearing impaired, mostly lip-service. Since the Maoists much about the children who are significant funding. Most of the he can’t see but in the way society visually challenged or mentally and started their ‘People’s War’, the still alive with broken limbs and in disabled people, whether poor or and the government looks down on physically unstable. number of the physically and trauma,” says Nirmal K Debkota, rich, rely on family support, just as Bhim and the rest of the disabled “In the villages, our disabled mentally disabled individuals have speaking in sign language. The they always have. population. children and parents are crying for risen adding to the disabled hearing impaired Debkota says he “We are not asking for A 1995 UNICEF report put the help but their voices are ignored,” population, according to experts. may not be able to scream for the sympathy, just recognition for our

AnythingAll can eyes happen betweenon 2now November and American election day. o it’s official. Tony Blair has spoken. can understand and sympathise with these “Weapons of mass destruction,” the latter groups. British Prime Minister told a television The capture of Saddam Hussein last year interviewer, “may never be found in Iraq.” was supposed to be a Christmas present for “It’s a big country,” Blair continued. Bush and Blair, a boost for their Iraq strategy SDon’t be surprised, he counseled, if no that would see public opinion soaring. Bush concrete evidence was ever found to back up in particular was thought likely to turn the claims that he and George Bush were discovery of the vile dictator in his “spider trumpeting as gospel truth before their hole” near Tikrit into an stepping stone to a soldiers rolled into Iraq last year. second term as President in this year’s Add to Blair’s no doubt carefully timed elections. Yet so far, there’s little sign of that and focus-group-tested admission that happening. revelations of Paul O’Neill, former Bush Not that Bush won’t win a second term, administration Treasury Secretary. O’Neill on current form, he’s likely to, given the says his weakness and disarray among his opponents. HERE AND THERE boss got But the president remains hostage to fortune Daniel Lak most and fortune favours both the brave and the things lucky. Anything can happen between now wrong on both Iraq and the US economy. and 2 November 2004, American election According to the former official, President citizens and said he was hamstrung in invasion of Iraq last year, whatever pinches day. For all the might of the US military, Bush and his team were looking for an attempts to make economic sense out of of salt are needed. for all the campaign money in Republican excuse to invade Iraq from the moment they adminstration policy. The point is that Britain and the United party coffers, for all of the effort expanded came to office in 2001. Hindsight is a wonderful thing, always States did the wrong thing by rolling into in wars against Iraq, Afghanistan and O’Neill was sacked last summer, clear, unwavering and accurate. And Iraq, and they continue to do the wrong terrorism, Bush’s reelection hopes still ostensibly for getting the American economy O’Neill is plugging a book about his things during their occupation. No neutral depend on events beyond his control. wrong and frequently putting his foot in his experiences that’ll no doubt earn him a few observer could feel differently . You have to In the end, I’m not sure that he or Blair mouth. Speaking to US television earlier this of those dollars he’s supposed to have be politically partisan, or a member of one of will pay for their willful distortions of the past week, he accused the president of much squandered as treasury secretary. But it’s the many groups to suffer at Saddam’s truth over Iraq. But more and more people the same things. He rubbished the Bush interesting to hear his insider’s view of Bush bloodstained hands to support London and are learning that they lied. And that’s worth plan to cut taxes to the country’s richest cabinet dealings in the run-up to the Washington’s Iraq adventure. At least one something. l 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 NATION #179 5 The business of helping Nepal’s top restaurateur Shyam Kakshapati’s derives joy not just from his successful restaurant business, but also from employing 40 hearing-impaired waiters and waitresses in three of his Nanglo Bakeries in the Valley. “I wanted to show the world that they are equally professional,” says Kakshapati who has made his name as an entrepreneur with a heart. Since Kakshapati turned his small café into a successful restaurant venture, others were quick to copy his idea. Many named their cafes similarly and even skills and capabilities,” says Arjun her left arm amputated. “Can you copied Bakery Café’s trademark green. But one thing Timilsina (see pic) from Jhapa, who believe that I am not counted as no one copied was its social consciousness and lost both his legs 18 years ago after disabled even though I don’t have philanthropic mission. a car accident while trying to save an arm?” She recently completed her The idea of hiring hearing-impaired staff came to Kakshapati even before he started his first small an old woman along the Jiri Masters in Nepali and is having café. He wanted to run his businesses differently by highway. It is difficult for Timilsina problems finding a job. Singh runs combining social service with the service industry. If to negotiate the staircase in his a centre for disabled women and he could generate employment for the disabled while wheelchair to reach the office of the wants to help them be independent. satisfying his guess, he had a win-win situation. Ministry of Women and Social “I want to encourage more girls to “I’m glad this is working well,” says Kaksapati. Welfare, but he is there to convince study whether or not there are jobs While they have might certain disadvantages officials that disabled people can waiting for them,” she adds. compared to normal people, Kakshapati makes sure Shyam Kakshapati (above) explains why he also contribute to the nation’s For now, this group of disabled that there is no public show of pity or special decided eight years ago to hire hearing-imparied treatment. “That way we don’t cross the line and take development. Nepalis are preparing to launch a advantage of each other,” adds Kakshapati who waiters at his chain of cafes. Maharjan gives an example of much stronger campaign to ensure believes that the business community has social the indifferent attitude of the their representation in all sectors, obligations and it’s not just the government’s duty to His next challenge is to give vocational training government: despite a provision in even politics. “We have no one but change the circumstances of the disabled. “If the for disabled people in the Information Technology the 1982 Act, disabled children ourselves to rely on,” says Tekhnath business community wants, they can create so many industry so they can get decent jobs. He also hopes who are guaranteed free education Neupane, a visually challenged opportunities for this section of the population,” says to employ more disabled in his other hotels and are still required to pay school fees. teacher. “We want the government Kakshapati. restaurants. In 2000, Maharjan and his friends to create an environment where won a case at the Supreme Court there is equal opportunity for all to provide free education to all citizens.” He wants the government disabled children. “As a follow up, to recruit more disabled people in I visited a lot of schools and was the education sector. Out of the shocked to find disabled children, 200,000 teachers in government even those from poor families, still schools, only 400 are disabled. paying fees. The matter has been “We don’t want to blame the ignored by NGOs too,” says government or depend on it totally, Maharjan. but it is high time we were It is not just indifference, recognised for our worth,” says government officials are ignorant Maharjan who believes the private about the laws. Data from the sector and citizens have a role to play Central Bureau of Statistics in 2001 in giving them a chance to live with estimated that only 0.45 percent the basic rights and privileges of the total population was accorded to all citizens. “There are disabled. “The government lacks a some in the private sector who have clear definition of a disabled been helping us but it is more out person,” says Bishnu Kunwar of pity than respect for our Singh, 28, from Gulmi, who had capability.” l 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 6 NATION #179 sleuths about working out the modalities of the new agreement with the forest brigand. The PM himself has been airdashed in under conditions of beefed up security. Air dashing with crack sleuths Meanwhile the Mumbai police NEITHER HERE A Mumbai history graduate student of Language ‘Ultras’in the last Karnataka and Tamil Nadu force, second only to Scotland Yard NOR THERE from the University of Chicago has two years. supremos, in consultation with the and having been called in to assist st Anagha Neelakantan begun to slowly compile a 21 Here is a small sampling of what Maratha strongman, confabulated with the situation, have now swung Century Hobson Jobson: ‘a lexicon it means to read newspapers in this with the Special Task Force’s crack into action and are ready to swoop of the marvellous clichés, truisms, part of the world. And, as Rao, the sleuths about working out the down upon the brigand and his CHENNAI – A short visit to banalities and other little soul of the project, requested readers modalities of the new agreement associates.’ southern climes has been a good idiosyncrasies that litter the pages of in his preface to this priceless list, I with the forest brigand.’ 12. nab: seize opportunity to review my last close our Great Indian Newspapers’. too ask you to ‘pitch in’, to ‘leap 7. airdash: to move at other than 13. hardened criminals: tough acquaintance with a South Asian city Nearly four years later, it is obvious into the fray’, to ‘throw in your two usual glacial pace. ‘The Karnataka dudes where crab is readily available. that there are other contenders for pence worth’. and Tamil Nadu supremos, in 14. And finally, a favourite in those It is also a time to come face-to- greatness. Even Nepali journalism consultation with the Maratha times when people are swinging into face with subcontinental journalism. has fallen under the oppressive hold 1. confabulate: to confer. ‘The party strongman, confabulated with the action: ‘flying squads of nuisance leaders confabulated about the new Special Task Force’s crack sleuths detectors.’ These are the Mumbai agreement.’ about working out the modalities of PD’s intrepid stalwarts who have 2. work out the modalities: sort out the new agreement with the forest been relentlessly patrolling the city the details. ‘The party leaders brigand. The PM himself has been enforcing the municipality’s ban on confabulated about working out the airdashed in.’ plastic bags of less than 20 microns modalities of the new agreement.’ 8. beefed up security: more bodies, thickness: ‘The Karnataka and 3. supremo: head dude. ‘The party but not necessarily more security. Tamil Nadu supremos, in supremos confabulated about ‘The Karnataka and Tamil Nadu consultation with the Maratha working out the modalities of supremos, in consultation with the strongman, confabulated with the the new agreement.’ Maratha strongman, confabulated Special Task Force’s crack sleuths 4. brigand: bad dude. ‘The with the Special Task Force’s crack about working out the modalities of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu sleuths about working out the the new agreement with the forest supremos confabulated about modalities of the new agreement brigand. The PM himself has been working out the modalities with the forest brigand. The PM airdashed in under conditions of of the new agreement himself has been airdashed in under beefed up security. Meanwhile the with the forest brigand.’ conditions of beefed up security.’ Mumbai police force, second only 5. crack sleuths: smart 9. second only to Scotland Yard: the to Scotland Yard, having been dudes. ‘The Karnataka subtext is that it’s not anymore called in to assist with the situation and Tamil Nadu 10. swing into action: to finally stop have now swung into action and are supremos confabulated drinking chai and reluctantly get off ready to swoop down upon the with the Special Task your ass. brigand and his associates. In other Force’s crack sleuths about 11. swoop down upon: ‘The news today, a flying squad of working out the modalities of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu nuisance detectors managed to nab the new agreement with the supremos, in consultation with the three hardened criminals who have forest brigand.’ Maratha strongman, confabulated been remorselessly violating the ban 6. strongman: big dude. ‘The with the Special Task Force’s crack on plastic bags.’ l 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 NATION #179 7

CAPITAL LETTER Yubaraj Ghimire Ifimpending the political public felicitation parties for are not the solution, then they are a part of the problem. the7 king in thepoints west. This is the in 7 months ast week, King Gyanendra third public event since he invoked undertook what appeared to the controversial Article 127 and be an ice-breaking exercise by took over executive powers. inviting leaders of the political Still, the political parties have an parties one by one for dialogues. obligation to push their own LHe handed them his seven- agenda with a broader point political guideline, albeit in understanding if they do not agree the form of a suggestion, so they with the king. After all, they can’t could build a consensus around it escape their share of the blame for to end the political stalemate. This having malpracticed democracy belated move was received with an during the past 13 years. If they are air of mistrust by the political not willing to be part of the leadership. Nevertheless, the king solution, they will be considered a seemingly tried to impress upon the part of the problem. Burning people and international public and private property using community (both largely pro- students and youths will only democracy) that his efforts to restore legitimise ‘terrorism’ as a means to the constitutional process and demand political rights. Can G P democracy are genuine and sincere. Koirala or Madhab Nepal fully MIN BAJRACHARYA Unfortunately, this gesture will endorse what students belonging to A protest movement has to be Chauri Chaura near Gorakhpur in belong to the king: it should go to not be taken at face value if it isn’t their parties are doing on the fully answerable and accountable violation of his appeal for a non- the people and be exercised followed up with matching actions. streets? to the public. A leader cannot be violent protest. It is time for GP through an elected parliament and The preliminary response of the If they do, perhaps the king absolved of any crime or damage Koirala and Madhab Nepal to a government accountable to it. parties is proof of a crisis of should bypass Koirala and Nepal caused to the nation, public or decide: do they lead the students, Nothing but elections at the confidence. The hardline that a and just invite student leaders individual in the course of such a or is it the other way round? earliest will do justice to the spirit dominant section of the palace Gagan Thapa, Guru Ghimire and movement. Leaders who can’t keep The times are no less of the constitution. secretariat has been pursuing Rajendra Rai in for a chat. As long a situation under control should challenging for the king. The If the king and political parties continues with the king visibly a as he is at it, maybe he could ask give way to someone who can. slogan of ‘republic’ has the refuse to understand this, it will be party to it. When they evaluate the the students for their views on how That’s what democracy is all about. potential to write off established because of their reluctance to take king’s agenda, the parties cannot the elections can be held within a Mahatma Gandhi had called off power centres. World history is lessons from history. Or it will remain oblivious to the political clear time frame so that people’s the mass movement in 1921 when replete with such instances. The mean they are both equally tirade that the Raj Parishad has sovereignty and the constitutional over enthusiastic pro-independence present constitution makes it clear indifferent to the future of this been spreading ahead of the process are fully restored. groups set ablaze a police station in that the executive powers do not country. l Peace summit

A team of international climbers will attempt to reach the top of the world’s highest mountain this spring under the Everest Peace Project Expedition. The nine-member expedition will have climbers from different faiths, different cultures and different nationalities, but who all believe in the need for peace within their countries and internationally. Climbers include a Buddhist, Taoist, Muslim, Christain, Hindu, Jew, a Confucian and even an Atheist. The project has been organising a series of peace rallies in Nepal in the run-up to the climb. The rallies have been drawing attention to the violence in Nepal and the overwhelming desire of the Nepali people for a restoration of peace. “The continued Maoist problems and a government not working hard at resolving the issues...the main hope may lie with the normal people of Nepal making their voices heard,” expedition leader, Lance Trumbull writes in the project website. He adds: “There is peace in Nepal—it lies within most of the hearts of the people, now, we just hope that the government and the Maoists will listen to the people.” Among other activities, the project will also organise a Charity Peace Trek to Everest Base Camp to raise money for peace efforts. The nine climbers include: Lance Trumbull, Daisy Lee, Micha Yaniv, Dilip Kolhatkar, David Yifrah, Masa Maeda, Quang Than, Appa Sherpa and Daisy Lee. Over the next months in the runup to the expedition’s Climb for Peace, the Everest Peace Project will be covered on www.EverestPeaceProject.com 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 8 #179 he disparity between the insurgency. enrollment of boys and girls However, the report says: “There in Nepal is one of the is a persistence of a strong patriarchal highest in the world. Nepal has the culture that emphasises traditional one of the worst maternal mortality roles for women and 137 rates,T lower even than some sub- discriminatory provisions in the Saharan countries. laws.” For instance, Nepali women Why do so few girls go to Gender agenda cannot confer citizenship to their school? Why do so many mothers A Shadow Report to an international conference in New York children or husbands, although free die at childbirth? The answer lies education for girls has been in the low status of women in paints a bleak picture of women’s rights in Nepal. announced there hasn’t been a Nepali society, discrimination notable increase in enrollment, against the girl child, sometimes practices like witchcraft and dowry even before they are born. And are still prevalent. these disadvantages and An example of one step forward discrimination are not being two steps back is the law relating to addressed meaningfully, and with abortion which was liberalised two the insurgency it means the years ago to ensure the availability situation of Nepali girls and of safe and accessible abortion. But women is not getting any better. there are still 48 women in various These alarming facts were prisons in Nepal serving terms for presented by a delegation of Nepali abortion-related offences. The report women activists this week at the says seven more women have been United Nations in New York which arrested since the laws legalising is holding the 30th Convention on abortion went into effect. the Elimination of All forms of The report concludes: “Nepali Discrimination against Women. women are discriminated against Advocate Sapana Pradhan Malla, not only by social and cultural Dr Chandra Bhadra, Tulasa Lata norms, but also by the law because Amatya, Lily Thapa and Anjana legal provisions still exist which Shakya made the presentations, discriminate against women on the drawing international attention to basis of sex.” l specific issues of discrimination against women contained in their ‘Shadow Report’. MIN BAJRACHARYA Although there is an 80 percent Nepal is 540 for every 10,000, most due to the conflict, according to the government in the past few years in enrollment rate for boys in primary of which can be prevented with Shadow Report presented in New reversing gender discrimination: schools in Nepal, the rate for girls is better nutrition and accessible York. Many women-focussed health laws guaranteeing women’s right to only 60 percent. Although girls’ midwife services. Three quarters of programs in western Nepal have property, rights against sexual enrollment is rising, women’s Nepali women who are pregnant are been abandoned because of the offences, the formation of the literacy is still 34 percent compared anemic, and there is a huge epidemic conflict, making the need greater National women’s Commission and to 75 percent for men and this gap of prolapsed uterus among women than ever before. the National Dalit Commission, and is widening. in western Nepal. The report does highlight some compensation to spouses and The maternal mortality rate in The situation is getting worse of the positive interventions by the children of people killed in the

The Nepali community in the UK needs a cultural Thefix every now need and then. to belong Farnborough, excited to watch the attend these kinds of celebrations. inherent need for cultural identity famous comedy duo act and to However, the comfort of ones’ and sense of belonging. That is bring some warmth to their heart. own culture and the need to why concerts (many mediocre) In the UK, cultural events like belong can have a strong magnetic like these are there to satisfy a this are becoming a common pull when one is in a foreign land. need. This demand has been occurrence and Farnborough always It can be a business opportunity expertly tapped by some is a must visit place for such touring for some in the community. There entrepreneurial Nepali ‘charity’ events due to the large is some financial incentive for individuals, but one wonders if it concentration of Nepalis in the area. putting on shows, as a large could not also be tapped for a The format at such events is usually audience is always assured, no more altruistic and noble purpose. always the same, a basic hall with no distance or indeed cost (most They need not be just frills shows where families and programs now charge £15 a ticket) nostalgic meanderings, but used friends 5,000 miles from home take seems too much for the Nepali to promote awareness of the opportunity to meet up and community to bear. This is ‘disappeared’ Nepalis, or those share a little of the Nepali cultural because these programs satisfy our who have died needlessly in a warmth and replenishment in the need for a cultural fix. The UK vindictive and violent struggle for cold English climate. has many positive factors (honest), power. We could do more to There is always some VIP or film but to a Nepali far from home, the support those friends and relatives star from Kollywood (probably now UK can be a cold and who continue to live in the living in the UK) ready to regale us unwelcoming place. shadow of this war. The Nepali with their back catalogue for the I heard a man bemoaning the community should not content community to laugh, dance and to lack of decorations on the stage. itself with having merely financial be magically transported back to “Shows in the past used to use a influence back in Nepal, it is comedy, but this year Oak Farm their families and their past lives in colourful curtain with the sun capable of so much more. In this LONDON EYE Community School was the venue Nepal. shining down on the mountains new year, when the need for ED Bowman for a typical concert which seems The Nepali community lacks the and hills, a river running past a peace in Nepal has never been so appealing to the UK edition of close knit strongholds and proximity village in the foreground,” he went greater, Nepalis in the UK must small school 40 miles from the Nepali diaspora. Like bees to enjoyed by other communities such on. For him, these nights are about learn to face the reality of what London on a cold, dark and the honey pot, Nepalis from all as the Bengalis in the UK. It is often recalling an idealistic image of the happens far away in their home rainy night after Christmas over London and the South of necessary for Nepalis, (whether homeland, much in the same way villages and towns, and we must might seem an unlikely setting for England braved the winter students, professionals or lahures) to British tourists dream of Shangri- all take responsibility for seeing aA celebration of Nepali culture and elements and swarmed travel great distances in order to La. For many like him, there is an that peace can return there. l 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 ECONOMY #179 9

BIZ NEWS

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ EverestJourney Base Camp of wasa selectedlifetime in 20 Journeys of a Lifetime by The Observer on 11 January 2004 by journalist Jill Hartley as great adventures that one never forgets. Everest Base Camp came in seventh, beating the Galapagos Islands which placed first in UK’s internet based travel company WorldIf we can get ourBank act together, message there is a lot more iexplore.com in 2003. Everest Base Camp is the only South Asian destination that has been included in the list. Jill Hartley writes, “To the rest money for Nepal’s development. of us, the crown jewel of the Himalaya invokes tales of unbelievable human ECONOMIC SENSE courage and strength. Today a trek to Base Camp should be within range of Artha Beed any fit regular weekend walker. Those who’ve done it say nothing compares with that roof-of-the-world feeling as you stand there in awed silence, surrounded by towering snow-capped peaks.” Hopefully, this will translate to en Ohashi, the World Bank’s more tourists in 2004. Nepal director, made it clear

at the Country Assistance ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Strategy (CAS) launch last week NirvanaTee offCountry Club Health & Golf Resort in Dharan will be playing host that irrespective of the government to His Majesty Crown Prince Paras Bir Bikram Shah Dev–All Nepal Amateur K Open Golf Tournament 2004 on 17-18 January. The course is the oldest in in place, as long as reforms move Nepal and was designed by Nuffield Trust (UK). It has 18 holes with 5,990 ahead and the government meets yardage, 70 par. Besides golf, the resort also offers yoga, meditation, targets it has set, the World Bank swimming, tennis, squash, white water rafting, treks, natural foods and in- will continue to assist Nepal. If the house cultivated rare herbs, natural therapies include herbal steam baths, performance is good, was the traditional oil massage, mud therapy and other rejuventing programs. message, there is more money. There are twenty furnished bungalows for accommodations, a multi-cuisine restaurant and catering facilities for parties and weddings. While media latched on to the ‘failed state’ warnings in line with

our strong belief in the khattam ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ chha school of thought, the Beed Shangri-LaBetter Hotel stays was recognised as one of the Top Ten Tourist Service Fee (TSF) contributor for the fiscal year 2002-03 by the NTB. Prabin Bahadur takes a more positive view. Panday, executive director of Shangri-La Hotel received the award on 30 World Bank assistance is December 2003. Shangri-La Group, Nepal’s only boutique hotel, has been dependent on scenarios that needs among the higher tax and tourism service fee contributors in the past year. a government to perform and pushes for peace to end the long to do with the functioning of partnerships and create a better

years of conflict. It is very clear that ‘patronage politics’ rather than environment for investment. It is ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ NIIT,Top the classNew Delhi headquartered IT training pioneer and software major, money will pour in as long as any democracy itself. The Beed has pinning more hope on the that has branches in the kingdom, has been conferred the prestigious government ensures that there is a often questioned whether banking government. BEST Training Award by world’s premier professional association for strong anti-corruption drive, true reforms or Nepal’s entry into the It has to work with the workplace learning, the American Society for Training & Development decentralisation, banking and WTO would have been possible if government. But it can also work (ASTD). In all, 23 organisations from the United States, Canada, Hong Kong, and India were recently honoured with the 2003 ASTD BEST Awards. financial sector reforms, well- we were still mired in the old with independent agencies on managed public expenditure and politics. specific issues. For instance, in case

the annual action plan targets that This does not, however, of economy related legislative ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ are realised. While the current base suggest that we should not get reform, it is important to work RadissonNewbies Hotel Kathmandu recently appointed Klaus P Russo as the new general manager. Russo has held senior executive positions in high profile scenario looks at an assistance of back to parliamentary democracy, with advocacy groups and think properties in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, China, American Samoa and $120-200 million each year during but surely when that happens, tanks. Similarly, working directly now in Nepal. Prior to Russo’s appointment, Abhinav Rana, resident the assistance period, the best case there will be a strong need for with successful pro-reform local manager looked after the hotel for almost a year and a half as acting scenario could be $200-250 politicians and the government in governments may provide others general manager. Radisson Hotel Kathmandu has also appointed Konala million. For sceptics from the power to realise that a reform incentive to move toward reforms. Ram Krishna Reddy as Executive Chef. Reddy took over Radisson’s kitchen Khattam Chha Club, the from out going Chef Nabhojit Ghosh. agenda can be pursued. It is always CAS is what the Bank thinks nightmare is $50 million or less. better to achieve reform faster and should be done. Now, the onus is

It is very important to note the reap the benefits rather than on Nepal to do its bit. At a time ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Higher○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ aims Bank’s position on the political stagger it and lose out. The Bank’s when the general feeling is that we Civil Saving and credit co-operative hold themselves up as an example to situation. While there are CAS wants to stimulate growth are losing out, the Bank’s message those who view organisations like theirs with pessimism. At its annual general meeting on 10 January, they decided to launch Civil Homes Phase accusations that it does not support through private sector is that if Nepal can control its own III at Lalitpur Sunathoki after the successful completion of Phase I in the multiparty agenda, it has more development, push private public destiny, there is help at hand. l Sainbu Bhaisipati and Phase II at Tinthana. It is also planning to invest in transportation, medical facilities and other industries to meet the objectives of the organisation: “To collect every small sum and invest in

the development of the country.” ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○ Two associations of travel agents, Nepal NiranjanProfits K Tibrewala and wasshares elected to the board Association of TourNATO Operators (NATO) and Nepal vs NATA of Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Limited Association of Travel Agents (NATA) are divided Who will ensure tourists (SCBNL) to replace the outgoing Hari K th over the issue of the bank guarantee they are Shrestha at the bank’s 17 annual general meeting on 8 January. Net profit required to deposit into the national coffer. get the best service? after tax amounted to Rs 507 million earned in the fiscal year 2002-03, a NATO has proposed to the government that any 5.8 percent growth. Shareholders approved the appropriations of the profits travel agent working as a tour operator should and cash dividend of 110 percent and bonus share in the ratio of one bonus share for every 10 proposed by the board of directors. deposit Rs 2.5 million as a bank guarantee to ensure quality service to clients. NATA argues that a

majority of travel agents cannot afford to deposit

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ that amount. AtBang its own AGM,for Everest buck Bank announced an operating profit to show a 60 NATO’s chairman Basanta Mishra says the idea percent increase over last year to reach about Rs 157 million for the first had to be pushed because of complaints from six months of this fiscal year. The bank credits this to a sound lending and tourists of fraud and bad service. “We have to recovery policy resulting in lowest non-performing assets (NPAs) in the respond to such complaints before Nepal becomes a banking sector. They recently opened a new branch at Lazimpat, taking the destination for hippies again,” Mishra says. “Once MIN BAJRACHARYA total to 14. Everest Bank will now offer EBL Flexi Loan schemes under the the deposit is fixed, tour operators will be forced to 300,000, it approached the government to lower the credit segment, two ATMs due to open in February and plans to issue debit maintain quality.” amount. “We have been assured that it will be cards. NATA says NATO just wants to monopolise the lowered,” says Poudel. business. “The majority of travel agents are dead NATO officials argue that since travel agents NEW PRODUCTS set against the idea,” says Rabi Poudel president of deposit bank guarantees to different airlines for MORE FROM DABUR: Dabur Anmol, a new range of NATA which has 250 travel agents. “How can we ticketing transactions, there is no reason why they hair care products from Dabur Nepal, was unveiled pay 2.5 million when our business has slackened, cannot do the same for tour operations as well. on the last day of the Dabur Anmol Motion Picture why should only big operators be allowed to do Despite its four-decades of experience, Nepal’s Award 2060 held on 10 January. The Anmol brand business that way?” he asks. tourism industry does not have any accreditation includes Dabur Natural Shine Shampoo, Dabur Anmol Coconut Oil and More than 600 travel agencies are registered program, either from the government or from the Dabur Anmol Sarson Amla Hair Oil. with the Ministry of Tourism, but only 200 are in private sector. None of the tourism related SUGAR RUSH: Java confectionery, a part of Laxmi Groups, has business. Travel agents get their operating license organisations and government agencies have fixed introduced Crave or Rs 1 each, a rich candy combination of real only after they deposit Rs 50,000 as the bank criteria for services offered by travel and trekking cream, butter and milk with the slogan “try it to believe it”. The guarantee. But the government is already working agents. group also produces successful brands like Chocofun, Lactofun and on revising the amount. After NATA came to know But Poudel argues: “How can you guarantee Mango Tart. that the revised bank guarantee would be Rs quality by increasing the deposit?” 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 10 NATION #179

TheNepal isBuddhist part of a new regional circuit initiative to promote Buddhist pilgrimage tourism. IMTIAZ MUQBIL IN BANGKOK

he travel and tourism January and Karachi-Bombay- period 2004 to 2014. pendulum swung from Karachi flights from 2 January. He will work with the Sasec Southeast Asia to South Asia The airline plans to add flights tourism industry and related parties last week as violence in southern from Karachi to New Delhi in in developing a framework program Thailand gave rise to safety March. PIA has also resumed its and project concepts. National concernsT while South Asian flights to Kathmandu from workshops will be held in each of countries made peace and Karachi which overfly India. the countries hosted by the

MIN BAJRACHARYA announced plans to hold a Indian Airlines on Friday was respective national tourism Tourism Year in 2005. to start a twice-weekly New Delhi- organisations. Also last week, the Asian Lahore-New Delhi flight. It also Snimer Sahni, an ADB senior Development Bank announced plans to start a direct flight project economist, said: “The the approval of a $450,000 between New Delhi and Kabul. subregion can offer activities such Thoughtless food technical assistance grant to Flights over Pakistan airspace will as overland cultural tours and develop a tourism plan for shorten travel time by 10 to 60 mountain trekking. Aside from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and minutes for Air India and Indian bringing in foreign exchange, Chow, chow and more chow. Nepal, the four countries Airlines flights to the Gulf, creating jobs and contributing to stroll down the street from Thapathali to Pulchok has always been an eye-opener to the state of affairs. You belonging to the South Asia Europe and the United States. overall economic growth, this kind end up thinking a lot more than you would inside one of Subregional Economic Co- Travellers previously had to fly of tourism promotes rural those vehicles jostling past one another across the bridge. operation (Sasec). via Dubai to cities separated by development.” Hoardings promoting chow, chow and more chow assault your The Sasec tourism plan is only a few hundred kilometres. Air Focusing on the Buddhist eyes.A Billboards pushing greed and lust communicate with the expected to evolve around the India said it would save about $80 circuit will also strengthen cultural commuting masses every hour of every day. common themes of the Buddhist million per year on fuel costs. and religious tourism linkages My informal poll has circuit and ecotourism. It will give India’s privately owned airlines Jet between South and Southeast Asia, shown that the 2003 Most NEPALI PAN a major boost to investment in Airways and Air Sahara have also both directly as well as via other Gender-Insensitive and Sushma Amatya badly-needed infrastructure for applied to start flights to Pakistan, subregional groups such as the Repulsive Billboard of the millions of potential Buddhist Sri Lanka and Nepal since a policy Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Year Award was carried away pilgrims, similar to the numbers of change at the Indian civil aviation and BIMST-EC (Bangladesh, by the ‘Nothing satisfies more than Virgin?’ billboard on the Muslim pilgrims to Saudi Arabia. ministry permitted private India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and bridge. Feeling a bit nauseous here is not just the odours of a decaying Bagmati wafting into the vehicle. The fact that a passé A major component of the domestic operators to fly to South Thailand Economic Co-operation). macho attitude can sell whisky in this day and age must be an South Asian countries’ plan for Asian countries. Bangkok-based ESCAP has also indication of how far back Nepali maledom still is. Yet another regional integration and free trade, Bus services had resumed last done extensive work on developing case of ‘CD’: creativity dead. tourism featured prominently in July following a ceasefire on the the potential of the Buddhist If we were to go by the barrage of media persuasions, the the South Asian summit that borders. And train services circuit. Presentations from a recent advertisements that assail our senses every time we turn a ended on a largely positive note last between the countries are set to Japanese-funded seminar on the page, tune in to radio, switch one of the new local television week. The final Islamabad resume from 15 January. The circuit are available on channels or drive past street hoardings, it would seem that we Declaration said: “Development of summit also announced plans for www.unescap.org/ttd/index.asp are turning into a nation whose staple food is instant noodles. tourism within South Asia could a SAARC Cultural Centre in the The UN body’s Transport and Competition is so fierce that manufacturers try to earn brand bring economic, social and cultural Sri Lankan hill resort of Kandy “as Tourism Division chief Barry Cable loyalty by bribing consumers to eat their noodles with diamond dividends. There is a need for a symbol of South Asian shared said: “ADB funding will certainly tiaras, engineering scholarships or gold bars. What next: win a increasing cooperation to jointly cultural heritage”. The centre will go a long way toward attracting US diversity visa lottery with every packet of Ramen? Instant noodles contain monosodium glutamate (MSG), a promote tourism within South Asia work on preservation of traditional interest in investment in this very taste enhancer also known by the designer name, Ajinomoto. as well as to promote South Asia as skills and crafts and promotion of important part of the world. I hope Qualified nutritionists in East Asia concluded long ago that a tourism destination inter alia by South Asian cultural exchanges. local authorities will ensure that MSG is toxic, and absolutely not recommended to children improved air links.” The ADB funding for the they develop the right kind of below 12. Not only is junk food non-nutritious, it is also harmful The summit also designated Sasec tourism plan will fit in nicely products in line with the sense of to health. We don’t really expect the manufacturers to tell us 2005 as ‘South Asia Tourism Year’ with the South Asian summit place.’’ l everything, but shouldn’t someone be enforcing nutrition and saw India and Pakistan goals. Les Clark, a New Zealand- standards? How bad it is for children and pregnant women who resuming bilateral air links and based tourism planning specialist, Imtiaz Muqbil is executive editor of are shown consuming these products? Some brands do state Travel Impact Newswire, an e-mailed overflights. PIA started Lahore- is to undertake a similar plan for feature and analysis service focusing that the packets contain one percent MSG. How safe is that one New Delhi-Lahore flights on 1 the Sasec countries, covering the on the Asia-Pacific travel industry. percent? Who checks if it really is one percent? Then there is the question of this media-driven consumer culture which glamourises junkfood. Do we stop to consider why we buy what we buy? Have we become too busy to bother, or do we give in too easily to our children’s coercion or are we simply brain-washed by the colourful happy looking ads? And market ‘experts’ know very well that nothing piques a child’s curiosity more than finding a mystery prize in something they buy or the promise of one. Shouldn’t there be a law against advertising targeting children for products that may not be in their best interest to consume? We surely haven’t become so dull or brain dead as to allow the manufacturers, distributors and promoters of food products to take us for a ride or get swayed so easily by the subliminal messages of the aggressive ad market. We can still think, question, discover and decide what’s best for us. In a village in Kaski, I once came across an impoverished mother reprimanding her sick daughter: “You started falling sick after eating that stale bread made from maida, you’d have been ok if you has stuck to makai and water before school.” There is indigenous common sense, but is it any match for the juggernaut of consumerism carried by our ad-hungry electronic media? As for me, just pass that saag, makai ko dhido and gundruk bhatmas. Don’t have it? Then a plate of yak cheese and fruit would be fine. l Sushma Amatya is a Kathmandu-based writer and photographer. 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 1934 #179 11

ALL PICS: ANIL SHRESTHA Winter wonderland A ‘domesticated tourist’ discovers a Khumbu deep in snow. ANIL SHRESTHA in NAMCHE BAZAR

amche Bazar wasn’t quite prepared information from the national park and other Americans. There are advantages to being a and cable television. There will be the purists for the Chirstmas-New Year rush of sources say the trekking arrival figures for 2003 Nepali trekker here, since there are so few of who will lament this modernisation and trekkers last month, but no one here was as good as Visit Nepal Year 1998, when us. Thanks to NTB, there is even a name for wish Namche remained the yak town it used is complaining. The lodges are not over 35,000 trekkers visited the Everest region. Kathmandu people who go hiking for to be 50 years ago. But for the people of 100 percent full, but owners say they haven’t The rush can be seen in Lukla airport itself. pleasure and not for business: ‘Antarik Namche, there is no doubt which is better. Nseen a winter with this many trekkers in a If the visibility is good in Kathmandu, the Paryatak’. But Nepali trekkers like me The trail from Namche to Tengboche is long time. Lukla flights start taking off at 6:45. On one form less than one percent of the visitors thick with snow. The pine and fir forests are Namche’s restaurant owners and hotel day in December just before Christmas Day, to Khumbu. thick, with flocks of danphes flapping off managers who by now would be in there were 50 flights from Kathmandu and Many along the trail, once they found into the undergrowth when accosted while Kathmandu only to return in spring, are Phaplu, and Yeti Airlines alone is regularly out I was Nepali, would ask me which trek sunning themselves on a rock. Despite the staying on this winter. Many people here doing 15 flights a day. Not all carry passengers, group I was leading. When I replied that I number of tourists and the encroachment have varying explanations for this, but two half the flights carry cargo or a mix of cargo was just here to take pictures, they were of modern media, the Everest trail in winter seem to stand out: the worldwide publicity and passengers. Some up market tourists surprised. But nowhere were they dismissive is still a great place for those getting low on of the Everest 50th Anniversary event, which staying at the Everest View Hotel fly directly after finding out I was Nepali, as happens battery to go up to recharge. is still lingering, as well as some trekking traffic to Syangboche. elsewhere where waiters and receptionists Lukla is surprisingly affordable for diverted from the Annapurna circuit because The trekking demographics is also tend to pay more attention to ‘genuine Nepalis, the local fare roundtrip is Rs 3,600. of news of Maoist extortion there. changing. No more is there a predominance tourists’ than ‘domesticated tourists’. (It is just under $100 for foreigners and some Ghandrung’s loss, therefore has been of Americans and Britons. They have been Namche is now firmly ensconced in the airlines offer a special rate for Indians.) It is a Namche’s gain. replaced by more exotic nationalities: Koreans, global village. There are internet cafes, VSAT standard Rs 100 per tourist for a room and No one has done an exact tally, but Israelis and a growing number of South phone booths all along the trail, pool parlours food prices are standard. l 12 TRAVEL

NamcheIt’s slow, but not dull. in winter

JEMIMA SHERPA

limbing up to Namche from children. each with their own plans to head can be an adventure on its own. landing pad. Although never quite always feels like an Taking either the higher or lower further on up the trail to Tengboche Snow melts, only to freeze into ice. brave enough to try this myself, I achievement: the second path into Namche, it is always a little or Gokyo or Everest base camp, or Walking is a delicate and often have gone down a certain slope in half of the incline seems bit of a shock being confronted by more rarely in the other direction up embarrassing process. I remember an Khunde seated on half of an old endless, the trail always the bulk of the town. Every visit, the Bhote Koshi towards Thame. undignified slip a few years ago that jerry can, the accepted substitute much longer than I remember it. there are new buildings, the confines Others are on their way down, full made my journey down the first part for a toboggan. I can recommend Bend after bend, walking on of the town creeping ever so slightly of monotonous tales of how far they of the Namche hill considerably it to anyone who doesn’t mind Cuntil finally reaching the entrance upwards and outwards on the slopes got, their altitude sickness or lack faster than expected. walking stiffly for the next few to this ampitheatre which is still on that cradle it. thereof and their flight uncertainties Local schoolchildren don’t seem days. the other side of the slope from the Located above the point where in Lukla. to mind though. Skiing Khumbu Winter isn’t all fun and games main bazar. Here chickens dart across the Bhote Koshi and Dudh Koshi Come winter, things are slightly style consists of tying lengths of though. It’s bitterly cold, the trail, porters rest their loads on converge, hotels and lodges are different. After the first snows polythene pipe to one’s shoes and particularly in the foggy mornings the slate ledges and tourists (or everywhere. In peak season (March- around the end of December, the careening down the ice, counting on and afternoons. For the weeks anyone who looks like one) are April and October-December) these fir trees on the hill are bent with their a convenient snow bank or possibly before it snows, terrific winds blow usually accosted by “Namastes!” lodges are crowded with trekkers, load. Entering or leaving Namche a strategically located rock wall as a up dust everywhere—going

Camping out in Tengboche with Ama Dablam, Lhotse and Chomolungma as backdrop (top). Namche’s snowcovered roofs glisten in the afternoon sun below Thamserku (left). The snowbound trail from Namche to Tengboche in late afternoon (above). 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 #179 13

ALL PICS: ANIL SHRESTHA outdoors is difficult and nationalities. unpleasant. In the villages, livestock The mix of goods on offer is is brought down from the summer astounding—essentials like sugar, pastures. The ground floors of flour and noodles that people from traditional houses are crowded with villages like Thame and Pangboche animals, piles of firewood and dried come to collect to stock up for Losar, dung cakes, collected and stored to exotic Turkish apricots and burn through the winter, along Bulgarian salami abandoned by with potatoes harvested before the large trekking expeditions on their earth froze. way down and jackets and tracksuits Snow brings its own problems: that the Khampas have bought over travelling becomes difficult or on their yaks from Tibet. As the day impossible, and snow blindness, wears on, the snow around the bazar frostbite, avalanches and problems turns brown and slushy under the ranging from the sniffles to hundred of boots. By late afternoon, pneumonia are always a possibility. most are ready to leave. More minor irritations include The fog rolls in as the sun dips having perpetually wet boots and down. The mountains— socks, eggs with frozen yolks and Thamserku, Khongdi and Khumbila on one memorable occasion, gradually fade into the mist. The having my hair freeze with little temperature drops rapidly with icicles on the tips after I’d foolishly another late-afternoon flurry of attempted to wash it one January snow. Days are short and everyone is afternoon. happy to be in warm homes by dark. Winter is time for trading. The The traders from below Namche set Saturday haat bazar in Namche is off down the hill, the Khampas a microcosm of the variety the return to their tents and the tourists human race has to offer. The down- head back to their hotels. Fortified valley Rais and Chettris, tourists by a few glasses of warm chaang, those from all over the world with their from further afield turn towards rainbows of down jackets and home with large loads of goods. tinted glasses, the occasional All of this is familiar, yet different, government bureaucrat, the every winter. l Khampas and of course local Sherpas, all mix together in a riot Jemima Sherpa was born in of colours, languages and Khunde Hospital above Namche. 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004

14 NATION #179

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ JustRadio as 24 newfreeze FM stations were ready to go on air, the Defence Ministry has asked the Communication Ministry to cut them off. Last year, Minister Kamal Thapa was praised for allowing new community stations, pushing the total number of licenses to 60. The Communications Ministry had already stopped issuing new licenses saying it needed to review frequency allocations, but the new Business visas for directive will also affect those with new licenses in the process of setting up community stations in Bajhang, Kailali, Jumla, Surkhet, Banke, Gulmi, Solukhumbu and Nawalparasi districts. Promoters of Foreigners staying in Nepal use the investment loophole for long-term visas. community radio are upset. “You can’t do this when there so many non-businessmenDEWAN RAI questionable foreigners or non- To be sure, a business visa is a people are already preparing to begin broadcasts,” says Bharat Koirala, one of the staunchest promoters of community radio in investors. long and tedious process where the Nepal. Community Radio Broadcast Association chairman Raghu hen the government At the Department of applicant has to go to several Mainali says the medium can serve in conflict resolution, but adds: introduced new business Immigration we were told that the ministries for clearance before “Our leaders seem to have closed their eyes to that potential.” He visa regulations in 1992, office is just a clearing house, and it immigration puts the stamp on the accuses the government of being unable to stop foreign there was a great deal of optimism is duty-bound to issue a visa if the passport. Still, it can all be done for broadcasters and Maoist underground FM, and says the ban will help fan rumours and keep the public ignorant. that the new rule would encourage Department of Industries cash paid slyly under the right table, foreignW investors to flock to Nepal. recommends someone. “We produce and there are always ‘facilitators’ The Foreign Investment and all non-tourist visas on the who know the process and can be

Technology Transfer Act allowed recommendation of the concerned hired for the job. In the end, what ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ HonoraryHawley New honouredZealand consul in Nepal, mountaineering chronicler foreigners to have 100 percent share department, we do not investigate happens is that the investors doesn’t Elizabeth Hawley was presented with the Honorary Queen’s equity in selected sectors and every application, only if they are really invest in Nepal at all. Service Medal for Public Services (QSM) by the New Zealand simplified visa procedures for such suspicious,” says Khum Raj Punjali, Our investigations show that ambassador to Nepal, Caroline McDonald, at a function here companies. There is no minimum director of the Department of out of the 2,456 non-tourist visas Wednesday. limit for investors in Nepal, and Immigration. However, other junior issued lat year, 291 were business those approved are eligible for officials admit that many of the visas and most of them are not incentives, including the business business visa applicants are actually genuine foreign investments. For visa provisioin. For the first few years, “suspicious” and most have no example, only half of the 850 the act helped boost foreign intention of investing in Nepal. foreign investment ventures investment in hydropower, The immigration office issues registered with the Department of manufacturing and the tourism eight kinds of visas: diplomatic, Industries are still functioning. in Nepal. official, tourist, non-tourist, study, One such is a Korean-Nepali Today, the act and the easier visa business, residential and non- joint venture Konep Craft with an processing that went with it have residential. According to present authorised capital of Rs 10 million become loopholes for spurious provisions, a tourist visa can be which was supposed to produce investors and fly-by-night operators granted for a maximum of 150 days 100,000 pieces of readymade KIRAN PANDEY to obtain longterm business visas. in a year, whereas a non-tourist visa garments a year for export. The Hawley was conferred the medal by Queen Elizabeth last year Even though foreign investment is can be extended for as long as industry was never opened. The and was in recognition of Hawley’s “contribution to New Zealand at an all time low, an investigation required, provided the person Income Tax Office has record of interests in Nepal” since she working in the 1970s to help its of the paperwork at the Department produces plausible reasons for the company’s registration, but dealings in Nepal and assisting Nepali students to study in New of Industries showed that 50 new renewal. there are no balance sheets with Zealand. Hawley also works for the Himalayan Trust, which was set up by Sir Edmund Hillary in 1965 to help education and health foreign investment ventures had A business visa is different from profit-loss statements. Yet, the projects in Khumbu. been registered in the last eight a non-tourist visa because foreign Department of Industry never “Miss Hawley has made an outstanding contribution to New months and investors had availed investors or their dependants can get deemed it necessary to investigate Zealand’s relationship with Nepal. She has done so in her personal themselves of business visas. Most a one year visa during the start-up the applicant. Our own efforts to capacity, and through her role as Honorary Consul and her position of these are restaurants, but there phase of their venture, and for five track down the factory in Sitapaila on the Himalayan Trust. I am pleased that her long years of willing are also agro-based industries, IT years after the investment is set up. or call the phone number showed service have been recognised in this way,” McDonald said. companies, garment industries and It allows multiple entry into it was never established. Hillary himself described Hawley as “a most remarkable person” language institutes. Still, Konep Craft’s Korean and “a woman of great courage and determination”. On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the ascent of Mount investor got his business visa Everest, New Zealand increased its support for the Himalayan extended twice by the Foreign Trust to $420,000. New Zealand has also pledged $1.5 million for Investment Section of the poverty reduction programs in Nepal through UNDP and UNICEF. Department of Industries. “It was Hawley is known internationally as the ‘walking encyclopedia of a difficult case, we knew it was just Himalayan mountaineering’. When she first arrived in Nepal in 1959 a trick to get a business visa,” one as a young journalist, she never thought she would stay so long. ministry clerk admitted to us on She was the Kathmandu-based correspondent for Reuters and Time, and covered mainly the mountaineering expeditions. condition of anonymity. After Hawley’s database of mountaineering is the product of a lifetime of finding out he was talking to a meticulous interviews, reporting and data collection. journalist, the clerk added guardedly: “I am only small fry in

this office, I don’t know much and

○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ shouldn’t speak about these AnTibetan era of Tibetan leader history came dead to an end this week with the death matters.” at age 91 of Dorje Wangdak Dongtotsang in Kathmandu. Nepal with a fee of only $100 for There is an unnecessary shroud The elected ruler and resistance leader of Kham in eastern the first year and $250 for five years. of secrecy about business visa Tibet, Dorje twice escorted the Dalai Lama out of the country to However, officials interviewed The reason non-genuine renewals at concerned government safety in India at great personal risk. Immortalised in such movies as Kundun and Seven Years in Tibet, he had led a quiet and reflective for this article in various government investors opt for business visas is not departments, which seems life in Nepal as head of an extensive family, honoured for his ministries admitted that business only because they don’t have to puzzling. But clerks speak in unfailing kindness and understanding despite the loss of his visas are being grossly misused by worry about it for five years, but also hushed tones of phones calls and beloved country which stayed in his heart until the end. Dorje was some foreigners who have no because it turns out to be cheaper secretive meetings after office hours cremated at daybreak on Tuesday at Swyambhunath at a function intention of investing in Nepal, but than a non-tourist visa which costs preceding the renewal of visas. attended by 550 monks and nuns. bribe officials to obtain multiple- $60 a month for the first year and When we asked section officer entry longterm business visas. $100 a month after that. “This is Sushil Dhakal at the Department

The 1994 Immigration obviously why some people prefer of Immigration how a foreign ○○○○○○○ King○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ to inaugurate Kali Gandaki Regulation Act forbids investors business visas,” admitted Hirakaji investor who had never set up the King Gyanendra is set to inaugurate Nepal’s biggest hydroelectric Shrestha at the Department of industry he was given permission project, the 144 MW Kali Gandaki A, on 22 January according to from starting a business other than officials. The inauguration had been postponed earlier because of a the one that they get their visas for, Immigration. for was getting his business visa lingering controversy over an unauthorised payment of cost and the Immigration Office has the The fact that there is no renewed every year, he appeared at overruns by the Nepal Electricity Authority to the project’s Italian authority to expel anyone found minimum investment threshold, first defensive, and then offensive. civil contractor. President Tadao Chino of the Asian Development guilty of being involved in wrong- and it is relatively cheap to register a “Our job is to recommend a Bank, which financed the $428 million project, will now not be able doing. However, no one in the foreign investment makes it easy for business visa if the file meets to attend because the new dates are not suitable. The royal palace ministries remembers anyone being those who want to side-step the law. relevant requirements for foreign communication secretariat, however, said it did not know about the deported for investment And no one really seems to check investors,” he said testily. “I don’t inauguration. “We have not been informed about it,” said an official. The palace had sought details of the cost overruns last year irregularities even when officials whether they have actually set up know anymore. I have told you as (see: Nepali Times#166). admitted to us that “many” of the an industry, paid their taxes, or even much as I know.” l investment visas went to if they have registered. (Khoj Patrakarita Kendra) 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 ASIA #179 15

Taking a closer look at ‘Shining India’ during the World Social Forum meeting in Mumbai this week. Darkaddition chain. Two sobering spotsShining’! The fall has not been thoughts are in order: IT accounts made up by the unorganised or for under two percent of India’s informal sector, where total national income. The fastest employment has risen by a mere growing sector is call centres, one percent a year over the past where young people work 12 to decade. Over the past 15 years or 14-hour shifts for $150 a month, so, annual employment growth in only to reach a career dead end. India has decreased from 2.7 However, what of the claimed percent to just 1.1 percent. high GDP growth? India’s There are other distressing average growth rate in the past figures that tell Indian reality three years has been its lowest in a better: appalling stagnation in decade. Ironically, India’s health, nutrition and education organised-sector workforce shed indicators. India now lags behind 420,000 jobs in 2001-02, and Bangladesh in primary education the country, 70 percent of which All these claims are suspect or now accounts for just 7 percent of access, fallen from 124 to 127 in COMMENT is rural. downright meaningless from the total employment in India. the UN Human Development Praful Bidwai Mumbai’s—and India’s— point of view of the people. High Today, it has 910,000 fewer jobs Index. And 35 percent live below reality gives the lie to the Indian share prices carry no relevance for than in 1997. So much for ‘India one dollar a day. l (IPS) he World Social Forum, to government’s claim that the majority: less than 60 million be held in the southern globalisation, along with out of India’s one billion people Indian city of Mumbai privatisation and deregulation, has own stocks and shares. Low between 16-21 January could not transformed the conditions of life interest rates are part of a new Thave been convened at a more of the people for the better and deflationary regime in India. different place from Porto Alegre holds the key to genuine Deflation is likely to reduce wage in Brazil, its venue for the three development and progress. The incomes, weaken indigenous years since 2001. Porto Alegre is government has been tom-toming industrial capabilities and in a province of Brazil ruled by the achievements of its neoliberal impoverish the economy. the progressive Workers’ Party, as economic policies through a series All of India’s new highways are much a forward-looking popular of advertisements entitled ‘India being built as toll roads, which will social movement as a political Shining’. raise the costs of transportation organisation contesting elections, They are part of propaganda while unjustly rewarding whose leader is now that country’s by the ruling coalition before a contractors. The expansion of the president. Mumbai, India’s probable early parliamentary cellular phone market, financial capital, with its gleaming election around April. It celebrates undoubtedly impressive, is taking chrome-and-glass buildings India’s “gains” and “brilliant place at the expense of access by generates more than a fourth of achievements”—seven percent the majority to basic phone lines: the country’s direct tax revenue. growth rate in GDP, rising stock less than five out of 100 Indians But two-thirds of Mumbai’s prices, lower interest rates, a boom have a simple land line. people live in shantytowns. In in information technology, a As for the IT boom, India is some ways this is a microcosm of tripling of the number of cellular producing lots of “cyber-coolies”, India, although its urban existence phone lines in two years, low-wage, sweatshop workers at bears sharp contrast to the rest of construction of new highways. the lowest end of the value- Japan to cut UN aid time in the history of the 191-member world body. That 2004-05 budget represents a nominal increase of $270 million over the previous year’s budget of $2.89 billion, Warren Sach, director of the agency’s program planning and budget division, said last month. “In real terms,” he added, “the budget, however, remains at the same level, as the $270 million difference had resulted from currency and inflation adjustments.” But Japan thinks otherwise. Yamanaka said Tokyo’s contribution to the 2003-04 UN budget was $263.5 million but it rose to $279.4 million in the current fiscal year—an increase of $15.9 million. During the budget debate last month Yamanaka said, “The amount that my government can pay is not unlimited. One should also understand that the sharp increase in the assessments for the Japanese government directly translates into lesser amounts that my government could allocate to voluntary contributions to development and humanitarian international organizations.’’ The five major contributors to the UN’s regular budget are the United States, which pays 22 percent of the budget, Japan (19.5 percent), Germany (9.8 percent), France (6.5 percent) and Britain (5.5 percent). Last year, US dues amounted to $341.5 million, followed by Japan $263.5 in NEW YORK million, Germany $131.9 million, France $87.3 million THALIF DEEN and Britain $74.7 million. According to several Asian aced with an increase in its mandatory contributions diplomats, Japan is both angry and frustrated because it to the 2004-05 UN budget, Japan plans to cut believes it does not get enough “bang for its buck” voluntary contributions to more than a dozen UN compared to other contributors to the UN budget. agencies and humanitarian organisations worldwide. The With the exception of the United States, the remaining reduction, in some cases, would be 100 percent, warned permanent members of the Security Council—France, FShinichi Yamanaka of the Japanese Mission to the United Britain, Russia and China pay much less than Japan. Nations. Since Japan’s fiscal year begins in April, the Japan has also continued to complain that it has far final figures will be determined only by the end of March. fewer high-ranking jobs in the UN system compared Last month, the UN budgetary committee approved to Western nations or permanent members of the annual spending that hit the $3 billion mark for the first Security Council. l (IPS) 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 16 INTERNATIONAL #179

countries. This approach is not in UNITED America’s national interest, nor is it Dianne Feinstein America’s nuclear weapons program may promote the consistent with American traditions You can’t nuke terroristsand values. A first-use of nuclear ith the world’s focus on very proliferation it seeks to prevent. weapons by the US should be the debate over Iraq, the unthinkable, and responding to a war on terror and the non-nuclear attack with nuclear Bush administration’s doctrine of weapons violates a central tenet of unilateral preemption, the American just war and US military tradition. Wgovernment’s new emphasis on the So, if the US develops nuclear utility of nuclear weapons has not weapons that blur the distinction received the attention it deserves. between conventional and nuclear This is unfortunate, as this forces, the message this sends to the exploration of new uses for nuclear rest of the world must be considered. weapons represents a revolutionary Both India and Pakistan are nuclear shift in US national security policy. powers, and the history of bloody Today, the world faces warfare between them presents a unprecedented challenges at the major and ongoing security threat to nexus of terror and weapons of mass South Asia. If either country adhered destruction. With both North to the thinking embodied in the Korea and Iran openly pursuing Bush administration’s new nuclear nuclear ambitions and a potential US NAVY FILE policy, there would be little reason nuclear arms race in South Asia, it is integrates nuclear weapons with integrate tactical battlefield nuclear including a 100-kiloton bunker for each not to seek to integrate critical that America provide conventional strike options and weapons alongside conventional buster, as well as tactical battlefield nuclear weapons even more deeply leadership, in both word and in blurring the line between the use of munitions. Despite efforts to nuclear weapons. Moreover, the into their own contingency plans— deed, to reduce the risks and the conventional and nuclear weapons. downplay the significance of the time to test readiness of the Nevada and possibly use them. role of nuclear weapons throughout It also specified scenarios in which Nuclear Posture Review since its test site has been moved up from At a time when the US brands as the world. the US might use nuclear weapons publication, it remains, in my view, three years to two years, and funding “evil” certain countries based, in The Bush administration seems first, even against non-nuclear states, extremely provocative and dangerous. has been provided to produce part, on their pursuit of nuclear arms intent on doing just the opposite. and called for a new generation of Yet, there should be no doubt additional fissile material for new and weapons of mass destruction, it Many of the actions of the American US nuclear warheads, including low that the Bush administration is nuclear weapons. must be especially careful in how it administration, and much of the US yield or so-called “mini-nukes”. beginning the research and I argued and voted against these considers its own options and government’s rhetoric, may actually The US has never had a no-first- development of new nuclear weapons. new nuclear initiatives in the US contingencies regarding nuclear be increasing the threat from nuclear strike policy, but it has likewise Just this year, a 10-year-old ban on Senate earlier this year. Clearly, the weapons. If the US is not careful, weapons rather than making the never had a policy such as that the research and development of nuclear door is being reopened. For, our own new nuclear posture could world safer. The Bush embodied in the Nuclear Policy nuclear weapons below five kilotons by taking the steps called for in the provoke the very nuclear- administration’s January 2002 Review. Today, under the terms of was eliminated. Pushed by the Bush Nuclear Posture Review, the Bush proliferation activities we are seeking Nuclear Posture Review signaled a the ideas set out in that review, the administration, Congress authorized administration is lowering the to prevent. l (© Project Syndicate) major change in US nuclear policy US contemplates the first use of $21 million for the study and threshold for the possible use of Dianne Feinstein is the Democratic by advancing a new triad that nuclear weapons, and seeks to development of new nuclear weapons, nuclear weapons by the US or other Senator from California.

dates now going rancid in collapsed storage areas, and the military to clear and dredge the irrigation canals for the palm groves of quake Vegetarian cows debris. “If we get help, there is still a chance for a don’t go mad good harvest of dates in September,” says Ali RIO DE JANEIRO - In an era of mad cow Haydarian, a 50-year-old owner of a one-acre disease, the ability to certify that your palm grove in the quake-stricken village of cattle are purely vegetarian constitutes an Sifikan, north-east of Bam. Meantime, indispensable weapon for beef exporters frustration is rising about the distribution of like Brazil. Brazil’s farm researchers have relief goods, even among Iranian volunteer developed a fast, effective method to detect the presence of animal protein in workers. livestock feed. It benefited from the One such worker asks a visiting reporter: lengthy drought that devastated cattle “Do you journalists realise that none of the producers in Australia, becoming the Russian, European and US relief ends up in the world’s biggest beef exporter, selling 1.3 hands of the victims? The tents and clothes will million tons in 2003—30 percent more be sold in Tehran’s bazar and the well-off will than in 2002. Brazil have also benefited buy them.” The general manager of the Iranian from mad cow disease, or BSE, which first Red Crescent admitted in a newspaper interview emerged in the 1980s among European cattle raised in feedlots and fed ration that only seven percent of the dispatched tents containing meat and bonemeal. were delivered in Bam. “The rest are missing,” In Brazil and other South American he said simply, hinting that the security forces countries, cattle are grass- and range-fed, Three weeks later, who were supposed to hand out the tents took and their diets are supplemented by feed Bam is picking up them. made up exclusively of grains, which “The government is behaving as if it were means they are considered immune to the pieces. RAMIN MOSTAGHIM in BAM remembers losing his temper and shouted: “No, the first time it has seen an earthquake,” says BSE. But that has not kept the country After shock safe from the ‘terrorism of rumours’, such sacrifice the leader for the nation.’’ Abdulhssain Aslani, a businessman in Mashhad. as the one that circulated in 2001 after ow much longer must our people “I was immediately surrounded by ‘’Iran is prone to earthquakes, but we don’t Canadian authorities refused to rule out suffer tragic disasters?” Hamid plainclothesmen, but after finding out that I was have disaster preparedness.” Indeed, there have the presence of mad cow disease Birjandi asks, looking out at his a prisoner of war and a war veteran, they let me been at least three major earthquakes in Iran in Brazil. hometown, this historic city in south-eastern go,” Birjandi recalls. The incident highlights the after the Islamic revolution, but there isn’t a To defend its growing exports of beef, “Iran that has been left in ruins by the massive frustration and trauma that has torn this historic rapid-reaction team, or sniffer dogs. Brazil decided to implement a national earthquakeH on 23 December. town after the 6.7 magnitude earthquake. There had been warnings in Bam—a series livestock tracing or cattle-tracking system, and to develop a method to monitor the Birjandi used to be a drug trafficker, running The grief and tears are now mixed with anger of tremors throughout December that preceded ration fed to cattle, to ensure that it does opium between Afghanistan and Pakistan. “Until and helplessness. The death toll is estimated at the big one. Hamid Asgari, a shopkeeper is trying not contain cattle or sheep by-products or five years ago, I was smuggling hundreds of kilos 50,000, but the true figure may never be known. to retrieve what he can from the ruins of his other forms of animal protein. The new of opium to provide for my relatives to live More than 100,000 have been left homeless in a shop to sell for food for his five children. Most method allows the detection and decently, to study and marry. I have dug up the city where 90 percent of buildings were damaged people in have launched private relief drives for identification of traces of animal protein bodies of 30 of my relatives myself.” or destroyed. Officially, less than 30,000 bodies the victims of Bam. within hours and the low cost of the test Last week, Birjandi was mourning beside the have been dug up and buried in the Bam cemetery But one thing there seems to be no shortage makes it easy to monitor the livestock of in Bam is opium. Bibarg Shirifi is standing in feed produced by some 700 plants corpses of his relatives, when a motorcade bearing and mosque yard. in Brazil by periodically analysing Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Khomenei, Survivors have to deal with the realities of a long queue for canned food. “For opium there samples. (IPS) rushed past. Someone nearby shouted: “The life. That means focusing on trying to get the is no queue,” he says. “it’s much easier to get l nation shall be sacrificed for the leader.” Birjandi government to clear hundreds of tons of packed than food.” l (IPS) 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY #179 17

To the list of third world killer diseases, The vaccine divide add one more: flu. MARTY LOGAN in MONTREAL

ven without SARS, there is an emerging threat of a worldwide flu epidemic. But developing countries are woefully unprepared to deal with it because Ethe resources to fight the disease are concentrated in the rich countries. “Our concern is that during an influenza pandemic, first, vaccines will not reach developing countries until developed countries have set aside their demand because vaccine- producing companies are there,” says Klaus Stohr, head of the WHO’s Geneva-based Global Influenza Programme. “Developing countries have not yet started with the other items that belong to pandemic preparedness, which include deciding whom to vaccinate first, how governments will allocate hospital and other medical resources, and developing treatment guidelines.” While the Fujian strain of the flu is getting most attention this winter, it is the emergence of two avian (bird) flu strains that have experts worried. During outbreaks in 2003 each bird strain, one in Hong Kong and around four million vaccine doses,” genetics, to produce vaccine strains. if reverse genetics is accepted for the other in the Stohr says. “But it’s a drop in the But it faces two main hurdles: what producing the virus strain in normal Netherlands, killed one bucket.” But when a pandemic hits, it produces is considered a genetically years—and to take a huge cut in person. To date, researchers that ‘bucket’ might be the only modified organism, which the EU compensation in the event of a have been unable to develop a supply immediately available in the does not permit, and the patent for pandemic—while EU officials are vaccine against either variant and, two years—in industrialised South, as all experts agree that the technique is held by one also open to talks. All sides will meet unlike the Fujian version, no existing countries alone. developed countries will hoard company: US-based MedImmune. at the WHO in February, when strains are similar enough to be used Countries outside of North (‘nationalise’) flu vaccine until they Stohr says the company is willing plans are made for next season’s flu in a vaccine that would fight them. America, Europe, Australia and New have treated their own citizens. to discuss how it will be compensated vaccine. l (IPS) “The only thing that has stood Zealand accounted for 35 percent With just over 250 million doses between us and a possible of the almost 233 million doses of now being produced worldwide, catastrophe is that the virus has not influenza vaccine used in 2000. The vaccinating the populations of learned to transmit human to main users included Russia, Japan, industrialised nations could take a human,” said Robert Webster of the South Korea, Brazil, Argentina, long time. Experts agree that a US-based St Jude Children’s Chile and Uruguay. Almost mechanism needs to be developed Research Hospital. “That’s the only overwhelmingly, they purchased the so that the inequities that will arise remaining step to be achieved.” vaccine from companies in Northern with the nationalisation of vaccine The last pandemic, the 1968- nations, which in 2000 produced supply can be overcome. 1969 Hong Kong Flu, killed an 85 percent of the global vaccine Researchers are also pushing for estimated 700,000 people supply. Those production figures regulatory authorities to accept a worldwide. The next one could have really not changed. new technique, called reverse produce 650,000 deaths in less than “Currently, China produces 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 18 FROM THE NEPALI PRESS #179

encouraged the families of ○○○○○○○○

○○○○○○○○ potential donors to inform the eye Student“No unionstopping leader Rajendra us” bank and hospital sooner so that Rai in Gatibidhi, 10 January the donor’s wishes would not go to waste. He also added that the Our movement has scaled new families should be aware of caring Girija’s direction heights. It has already produced for the dead person’s eyes by some results and forced covering it so that dust and other regression to stoop. It was waste materials does not because of us that the regressive contaminate it. forces had to release three of our At present, there are 27,470 student leaders who were persons willing to donate their eyes arrested on 16 December. The after death. Till date, only about king is now meeting the leaders 2,348 blind people were lucky to of political parties, which is also a be some changes in the have their vision back. The largest result of our movement. We have constitution ensuring that power cause of blindness in Nepal is due succeeded in exerting pressure. is restored to the people to cataracts. Many of our friends have permanently.

been wounded. Many of them Some goals are attained in ○○○○○○○○○○

face legal charges. The army and the long-run. Some have been ○○○○○○○ the police have detained others. campaigning for constitutional NepalLiving Samachapatra like ,Laxmi 13 January Security personnel killed a monarchy but we think that brother who had just returned concept needs to be overhauled. As if having a beard and from taking care of his After all, the monarch is moustache was not bad enough, hospitalised sister in Pokhara. We responsible for reversing Nepal’s 16-year-old Laxmi Shrestha of students are being killed in the democracy time and again. It is Tanahu also has to deal with teeth name of controlling the Maoists. unreasonable to think Nepal that fall off and grow back every We are fighting for the needs to keep a constitutional year. While the psychological pain reinstatement of democracy and monarch. Today, we may need a of being different from other girls for educational reforms. king, but the political parties has always been difficult, Laxmi We have the support of the must begin to think of also has problems eating. The people because they realise that ultimately moving away from a ninth-grader also does not have the king betrayed the political monarchy. We may not be able the luxury of staying at home, she parties in previous meetings. to unseat the king, but we will runs a tea-shop—the only source Now that such talks are taking be satisfied if his powers are of income for her mother and a place again, the movement is not curtailed and democracy brother. Laxmi’s case is of about to lose momentum. Our restored. interest to medical researchers, leaders’ dialogue with the king who say they can’t make any

should not have any negative conclusions or suggest antidotes ○○○○

effect on our struggle. If the ○○○○○○○○○○○○ AnnapurnaFor our Post eyes, 12 January MIN BAJRACHARYA political parties decide to end the movement without attaining the Letter by Durga Pokhrel in Space Time, 9 January goals for which there has been so Finding eye donors is becoming difficult as the death of potential As the president of Nepal Student’s Union in 1966, I went much of bloodshed, they will with my colleagues to meet BP Koirala. That was when the suffer. But we believe that the donors is not reported on time to democracy movement launched by the Nepali Congress was parties will never make such a the eye banks, creating problems gathering momentum. I clearly remember asking him one move. for the eye donation program. question: “What difference do you find between a leader and The movement began with The cornea has to be a king?” His reply is still fresh in mind. “A popularly elected demands for the restoration of transplanted within six hours leader has to go to the streets and should be prepared to parliament or the formation of after a donor’s death, but most receive both a bouquet of flowers as well as a garland of an-all party government. Since of the time, family members are shoes. But a king never ventures into the streets and will the king has not acceded to these too grief-stricken to report the never accept shoes.” demands, the present movement demise on time. “One person can What BP meant was so clear, and it comes in handy while will not stop even if there is an open up a new world for two analysing the present political situation. Just because a all-party government. The king blind people,” says Bhola Prasad leader goes to the streets, it does not mean the king’s KC, committee member of the machinery reaches there as well. The king, on the other and the political parties must hand, must resort to summoning the leader to ask why his understand this. There have to eye donation program. He KIRAN PANDEY effigy was garlanded with shoes and his face blackened. The king has tried to smoothen ruffled feathers by giving the party leaders royal audiences. But of all the politicians only one, Pashupati SJB Rana, sounded positive after meeting the king. If BP had been given a royal audience, he would have taken full advantage of the opportunity. He would have taken further steps by giving new directions to his cadre. Some of the oldest party members like us are disappointed with both Girija and Deuba’s statements after their meeting the king. When BP was granted audience in 1971, would he have asked the king to return his premiership and reinstate parliament? Both Girijadaju and Deubaji failed to follow through on BP’s political wisdom. They should have either gone to the king with a national agenda approved by the Nepali Congress or agreed on the seven-point agenda presented by the king and put forth clear ideas of what the Nepal Congress wants. Girijadaju has to listen to me because I also spent my youth for the party. I was nearly martyred in 1976. Without comprehending your own mistakes and by only raising the issue of parliament, you have not only disappointed and upset your party activists but made them aggressive. Where is your interest in accepting ideas from the new and younger generation of congress workers? Roadmap. Girijadaju should realise that Nepal’s politics has Robin Sayami inHimal Khabarpatrika, 15-30 January advanced. As for Deubaji, he has to present his ideas clearly to the king as to what kind of difference he will make when he QUOTE OF THE WEEK becomes a prime minister. The philosophy of maintaining the status quo will lead us nowhere. Girijadaju has to consider “The five party alliance is only trying to get the king to restore democracy. We are not out to replace meeting the king once more. And this time he needs to reach the monarchy with a republic.” a more collaborative conclusion. – Bam Dev Gautam in Himal Khabarpatrika, 15-30 January

SELECTED MATERIAL TRANSLATED EVERY WEEK FROM THE NEPALI PRESS 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 FROM THE NEPALI PRESS #179 19

without further study. government has agreed to alter its ○○○○○○○○○○

Kathmandu dentist Sushil appointment of a physically-able ○○○○○○○ Koirala has offered free treatment person in the Disabled Assistance KantipurShut ,down 12 January in Kathmandu if someone offers to Fund. There are 2.4 million pay for her food and physically disabled population in BHOJPUR – After VDCs stopped accommodation. Laxmi’s mother is the country. Kiran Silpakar, general financial assistance, 70 schools in distraught. “Her life has been very secretary of the association also said the district run by communities painful,” she says. “When she was that the government had agreed to are about to shut down. More born, people thought she was a reserve five percent quota for than 24,000 students will be freak.” Laxmi herself is a girl of few physically disabled persons in affected. The Local Development words. She scours her library for education and health services. Ministry directed VDCs not to poetry, occasionally writing some (Nepalnews.com Translation spend the budget for education. herself but is reluctant to share her Service) Through the Social Security work with anyone. Laxmi has Directives, the Ministry advised

never dared to dream that she local bodies to spend the ○○○○○○○○○○ would ever be ‘normal’. All she ○○○○○○○ development budget only on wants out of life is to buy a sewing RajdhaniGPS , 10 January productive activities with machine: “I want to make clothes immediate results in a short time and earn my living.” Satellite GPS have been installed in span. It strictly advised no six airports, including Kathmandu expenditures on allowances,

to augment air traffic control and teachers’ salaries, etc. Out of all the ○○○○○○○○○○

○○○○○○○ will soon be extended to all airports community-handled schools, only GorkhapatraHelp promised, 10 January in the country. Presently, airports 10 are run through internal in Biratnagar, Bhairahawa, resources. After VDCs stopped The government has decided to Janakpur, Bharatpur and paying, 150 teachers have not form a separate commission to Nepalgunj airports have GPS received salaries in the last six protect the rights of the physically guidance. V-Sat services are also months. The Thotneri Proposed handicapped after negotiations being installed in airports in Lower Secondary School at with representatives of the western Nepal. “We take seriously Kulung VDC used to receive Rs National Handicapped the act of enhancing the standard 72,000 every year. “This year we Association. Members had carried of the airports,” says Minister for haven’t gotten a paisa and the four out protests demanding better Tourism and Civil Aviation teachers here haven’t been paid at facilities. Chairman Babu Krishna Sarbendra Nath Shukla. all,” says principal Dal Bahadur Giri. Maharjan confirmed that the (Nepalnews.com Translation Service) (Nepalnews.com Translation Service)

RajdhaniStudent, 11 January suicide “My son was so scared of the police that he killed himself,” says the bedridden mother of Naresh Maharjan, a 17-year old schoolboy who recently committed suicide to avoid police arrest. Two years ago, Naresh was detained for three months on suspicion of being a Maoist. He was blindfolded all the time and tortured to get him to reveal the names of Maoist acquaintances. “After all that time blindfolded, his eyes became so weak that he had to start wearing spectacles,” says Babita, his sister. For the last two years, Naresh had been living under severe mental stress. Recently, when police said they were coming to arrest him again, Naresh could not bear the trauma and decided to kill himself. On 9 January, his family found him lying on the bed writhing with pain. They desperately tried to save him, but he died on the way to Patan Hospital. His best friend Durgadutta Lamsal never thought Naresh would end up like this. “He was a brilliant student and a favourite among his friends,” says Durgadutta. He remembers Naresh always asking himself what he had done wrong to merit so much hatred from the police. “He was a very nice person and I don’t think he was ever involved with the Maoists.” Keeping a stiff upper lip, and reluctant to make his family worry, Naresh kept quiet about his torture. “He was EASY TIMES It’s never been easier to afraid that our mother would worry too much,” says sister Nanda Kumari. The police had come in civil dress and refused to show their identity cards. While addressing this concern to the district police office, police inspector subscribe to Kushbahadur Thapa denied involvement. “The police would never conceal their identity card while arresting Nepali Times someone,” said Thapa who added that it is also against the law to blindfold someone for long periods. Naresh Just dial this number was studying in grade 10 at Jansewa Secondary School in Kirtipur. and leave your address. 5543333 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 20 HISTORY AND CULTURE #179 Back at Sundarijal >52

14.11.77 wall—is being attended to by a host of some sutho (for treatment of flatulence The 1st thing in the morning that I people. Everything is in a shipshape— + tolerance of milk). A glass of this “I am atreceive is thea tiffin carrier with boxesking’s of and a great bustle as if somedisposal” important treated milk with two vegetables was rasgolla + cheese sent by Shailaja. I auspicious ceremony is about to take my breakfast. GM comes into my room know at the very first sight that they were place like marriage or reception. and prepares his elaborate breakfast of from Shailaja but I inquired of the officer Officers visit the camp one after the apples, bananas, milk, cornflakes, who brought them only to make sure. other + find fault with the condition of cheese, he seems ever to be hungry The camp commander complained to chandeliers or the arrangement of the and not have his fill ever. me about the behaviour of someone, flowerpots. The compound is swept perhaps Shriharsha at hom, who had twice over and the unsightly bundle of 17.11.77 received a call from here. The camp faggots is removed from direct sight + Had an elaborate bath. I have to make commander wanted to communicate concealed in a corner at the back of the up a determined mind to take a bath over the phone my request for a woolen kitchen. Why all this? GM and I discuss because it is so boring and therefore cap to Shriharsha who, however about it and try like soothsayers to tiring that I… (according to the c.c.) abruptly cut off the analyse + predict on the basis of these line saying that he knew nothing of the manifestations the future development. 18.1..77 Koiralas. I too thought it was a very What do these trivial activities portend? Was informed in the morning that my strange behaviour on Shriharsha’s part Shailaja sends me a few books. people would come to see me at 2PM. if it was really he who was on the The information didn’t produce phone. I think the c.c. was connected to 15.11.77 excitement or expectancy. Interviews in a wrong person. I.G. came for a while + The day passed in a very dull manner. I the present condition should be told me that he had spoken to PM about got up at 3:30 PM, an unusual hour to exciting, but I find myself unexcited—the our demand for foreign newspapers + leave the bed. I didn’t generally get full prospect leaves me almost indifferent. I radio. He feels that this would be met sleep these days moreover my bladder feel like telling them not to come to see After his second return to Nepal after PM returns from Hetaura three full to the bursting, washed my mouth me, unless it is very urgent. I would, after going to the United States days hence. I.G. again asked me to do had a glass of tepid water + then however, like to meet Shailaja, but she for medical treatment, BP is something to go out of prison + function prepared two glasses of tea (one for the is not permitted to see me. And, then, imprisoned once more. This outside as a free man. “It is no use sentry who was standing in the cold what is there to talk about? time, his diary entries become being a second Abdul Gaffar Khan.” I outside my room) read for sometime sporadic. He does not follow the told him everything depends on the most fitfully, wanted to go to bed again, 19.11.77 printed pages of the diary king’s attitude + that I am at his but couldn’t get sleep, then tried Dr Gangol and Dr Laxmi Narayan saw anymore, but jots down notes disposal + that I won’t discuss my reading without concentration—took me today. My BP 110/60. My voice has with dates. He is detained at the plans or ideas on political matters some time decided what warm clothes developed hoarseness to a great Police Training Centre and is except with the king. I will not permit any to put on before going out for a small degree than when I arrived here. It is once more obsessed with his intermediary between the king and walk in the limited area surrounding my contrary to the expectation that I will deteriorating health. He can myself. room which is known as the regain my old voice gradually. Hence a receive visitors and food from This little camp—my current prison, ‘compound’ of my camp, did ½ an matter of concern. Left vocal chord is outside, but still no foreign a big room, a small kitchen, a hour’s constitutional. At about 7AM stationary, the right one is working but is newspapers and radio. bathroom, a toilet surrounded by a prepared a hot glass of milk boiled with being overworked.

BOOK REVIEW by CK LAL

here was a time when Nepal Nostalgia revisitedawe and wonder. Bibliotheca Himalayica, a was called the Last Shangri- It is as a scholar, however, project initiated by late HK Kuloy la. Now it is the Lost that Tucci suffers from the published the book as part of its Shangri-la. For Europeans subjectivity of the pioneer effort to “make available works on recoveringT from the after effects explorer. He notes that Nepal the civilisations and nature of Asia of catastrophic conflict, the recognised the sovereignty of and the Himalaya”. Maybe the promise of a trip to the heart of China and promised to pay revision should have corrected Buddhism appeared alluringly tribute every five years by an some of the factual errors without cathartic. But getting into Nepal agreement signed at Sugauli in tampering with the authentic feel itself was a challenging task, let 1792. With blunders like that of these original publications. l alone getting around the country it is hard to believe that he was on foot. A few brave souls dared, briefed by scholar-soldier Gen wrote about their journey and Kaiser Shumsher himself. But helped open the floodgates for then he also says that even tourists that followed in their though the transfer of power was footsteps. actually hereditary during the Among the pioneering Rana Rule, “there were nominal travellers, Toni Hagen is better elections every year”. Not even known by common Nepalis. But a Rana would have suggested the cognoscenti respects the Italian such a thing to him. traveller, Giuseppe Tucci. Italian Aside from that, the prose is backpackers used to be the most poetic, almost romantic, even in common tourists along the trails translation. The black-and- of central Nepal—mainly because white plates look surreal and of Tucci’s accounts of his travels lend a touch of nostalgic missing along the Kali Gandaki. His in newer coffee table books of Journey to Mustang was one of the Kingdom of Lo. The Journey to Mustang 1952 them. Its English translation was photograph of two travellers on Giuseppe Tucci published in Kathmandu in their ponies conversing at the Translated from Italian by Diana 1977, but it has been out of print entrance to Tibet is enchanting, Fussell, edited by HK Kuloy for quite some time. A revised can feel his energy almost in every by the Himalaya ‘glistening in silent capturing the quiet dignity of Bibliotheca Himalayica, Series I Volume 23, edition is now out. page of the book. When he puts beauty’ at Kakani and when he goes members of a self-sufficient Second Edition, Revised, 2003 Tucci writes with the himself in the ‘hands of Moniram’ beyond Kagbeni ‘dreamily into civilisation untouched by the Published by Ratna Pustak enthusiasm of the explorer—you in Kathmandu, when he is greeted lunar landscape’, we share Tucci’s outside world. Bhandar, Kathmandu 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 SPORTS #179 21 sk students in the Valley about their favourite sport and chances are you won’t hear cricket or soccer. Basketball has caught the imagination of the urban youthA like never before. Basketball actually came into Basketball is taking Kathmandu youth by storm. Nepal about 30 years ago, but it has MUKUL HUMAGAIN flourished only in the last 10 years, making it a relatively new sport. As the game. After Gyanodaya Balbatika Alphas proved themselves strongest with cricket, the popularity of includedSlam basketball in its yearly sports amongdunk the girls’ school teams. basketball has gone hand in hand with program, Gyan Carnival, in 1994, Basketball has undergone a Always wanted totake the spread of cable TV. American other schools have followed suit. cultural transformation in Nepal. up golf? Here is a basketball team t-shirts and legends NeBA and Gyanodaya are jointly Once a game thought to be beginner’s guide. like Michael Jordan and Magic organising the Gyan Carnival as a exclusively for ‘rich kids’, it is now Johnson became the new icons in the national level event. PABSON, becoming popular in urban areas early 1990s. Rhododendron International Boarding outside Kathmandu as well. At the The popularity of the game can School, Milan Vidhya Mandir, recently concluded national be measured by the number of Reliance International Academy, and championships there were five teams tournaments held in Kathmandu. Last Trungram International Academy have from outside the Valley, and Dharan Gettingith my 22 years of golfing experience started in Nepal, I find that year saw unprecedented rise in all had their first tournaments. hosted the Eastern Region Inter- generally people are quite puzzled about how to start playing tourneys: two or three inter-college In 2003, the RIBS boys school school tournament. Rayamajhi says: golf. Reasons for this include the belief that it is an elitist game, competitions every month with more team ruled, winning six titles including “We’re trying to promote the game that it will cost too much, take up too much time, the equipment is too than two dozen teams participating. the 10th Gyan Carnival and PABSON in other parts of Nepal and five new expensive, membership is exclusive and “It is an old man’s game, so why Recently, the Nepal Basket Crown Prince Birthday Cup. district associations are going to shouldW I start now? I’ll wait till I retire!” Association (NeBA) held its National Gyanodaya and the be formed in near future.” I have found that almost all Basket Championship, and before that The story of Nepali teams in TEE BREAK golfers here develop an interest in one concluded another hosted by Don international tourneys is not as Deepak Acharya the game through their friends and Bosco had begun. encouraging. The squad relatives who are already golfers. Helga Rana Rayamajhi, NeBA that went to the Middle Asia Very few start on their own initiative. Perhaps this has to do with the lack member, says, “We must thank zone qualifying round of the of awareness of what golf really is all about and how to get introduced to schools which have done a Asian Basketball Championship avaliable golfing clubs and facilities. tremendous job in popularising this returned with their confidence In general, golf is a recreational sport that can be enjoyed from youth up game, they created the base.” At shattered after coming in fifth to a ripe old age. Though not fast-paced, it still requires a degree of fitness Kathmandu University, everybody in the five-nation league. The to play the game socially. You have to walk fairly briskly for over 8 km every loves basketball. Student Anuroop national team finished third at four-hour round you play, and doing this regularly definitely makes you Manandhar (who is 6ft 4in) says, “It’s the inaugural SAARC Men’s fitter. fast-paced and you’re totally involved Basketball Championship in 2001. Though golf is still not available throughout Nepal, we do have nine while playing.” We are moving forward, but not facilities in four cities: four in Kathmandu, three in Pokhara, and one each Last year 10 schools fast enough. in Dharan and Nawalparasi. had basketball Another major drawback for Golf can be learnt in all these places. The two driving ranges (one in tournaments in almost all Nepali players is their Pokhara and the other in Kathmandu) are built to help those already categories. Ramesh Silwal height. NBA has playing to improve, and encourage newcomers to start the game. The golf of Himalayan White recently started free courses all have their own driving or practice facilities with dedicated golf House College says, “We training for players taller professionals to teach the game. don’t have enough space than 6ft 2in. Five players To learn golf quickly and properly, one needs to take professional for football or cricket but have already joined and all coaching. If not, progress is slow and bad habits develop, which can later be a basketball court of them are from outside very difficult to correct. Additionally, the game has comprehensive rules and doesn’t need a large the Valley. They also hired etiquette which you are expected to know and follow. The basics of these area which is why it US coach Bill Warner for are taught during golf lessons. got priority.” In a city the SAF Championship. All you really need to start playing golf are a pair of sports shoes, where land is scarce, this factor Enthusiasts believe it is just comfortable clothes and, if your hands are a little soft from inactivity, you has certainly helped the game. a matter of time and effort may require a golf glove which is can be bought at the golf practice facilities. A few years ago, Lincoln before Nepal is a force in Next is a quick phone call to one of the golf instructors at a golfing facility. School, St Xavier’s and international basketball, Make an appointment for your first one-hour lesson, and show up on time. Budhanilkantha were among especially with the new crop That’s it! the top three in all of dedicated players. Usually included in the cost of the lesson, which will be around the Rs tournament finals. Now Gyanodaya, Bijendra Maharjan, 500 range, the instructor will provide the golf clubs and practice balls. You Himalayan White House, Prime captain of the national may be surprised at how “not easy” and how tired you are after just an hour of College, Bhanubhakta School, Apex team, says, “It may take practice of this so-called “old man’s game”. College as well as Godavari Alumni 20-30 years but we should No more reasons for procrastinating. Get out into the bright sunshine, Association have been promoting start now.” l clean air, and take up a sport that brings you in touch with nature and KIRAN PANDEY yourself. l

Kathmandu Royal Nepal Golf Club – Pros are Deepak Thapa Magar and Ramesh Nagarkoti (01 4494247) [email protected] Gokarna Forest Golf Resort – Pros are Deepak Acharya and Pashupati Sharma (01 445 0444/1212) www.gokarna.com Army Golf Club (9 holes - private) – Pro is Ghana Shyam Thapa (01 4491761) [email protected] Bafal Driving Range – Raj Pradhan (01 4278860) Pokhara Pokhara Golf School – Gyan Kaji Gurung (061 526539) Himalayan Golf Club – Bhuban Gurung (061 521882 / 986021150) [email protected] Yeti Golf Club at Fulbari Hotel – Roop Lama, pro is Deepak Neupane (061 523451) www.fulbari.com Dharan Nirvana Country Club – pro is Deoraj Pakrin (025 526801/802) www.nirvanacountryclub.com Narayanghat Chaudhary Group Golf Club - pro is Ghanashyam Thapa (078-529508 / 522) [email protected] 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 22 CITY #179

ABOUT TOWN BOOKWORM

FESTIVALS AND EXHIBITIONS The Second Sex Simone de Beauvoir v The Land I Love Photographs Kim Hong Sung till 16 January at Vintage, 1997 Gallery Nine, Lazimpat. 4428694 Rs 775 v Japanese Prints 1950-1990 at Nepal Art Beauvoir’s groundbreaking study of women stands, five decades after its first appearance, Council. From 9.30 AM as the first landmark in the modern feminist upsurge that has transformed perceptions of the to 4.30 PM, 20-28 social relationship of man and womankind in our time. Of all the writing that emerged from January. the existentialist movement, hers will probably have the most extensive and enduring v Traces Carolyn impact. It is at once a work of anthropology and sociology, of biology and psychoanalysis. Fitzpatrick’s prints and paintings, Simon Courtesy: Mandala Book Point, Kantipath, 4227711, [email protected] Mark’s photography. Till 30 January at Siddharth Art Gallery, Baber Mahal Revisited. Chameli is a new entrant in CLASSIFIED EVENTS a marquee of night culture Visit Ground Zero Fine wines, designer v Serpico starring Al Pacino, director Sidney Lumet. American Centre candles, cards, gifts, stationery, wooden on 29 January, 4415845 (231) films. Directed by Sudhir items, perfumes and more. Darbar Marg, v Stand up comedian Vir Das at the Hyatt Regency Kathmandu from Mishra, this movie revolves opposite Hotel de l’Annapurna 7PM on 24 January. Tickets: Single Rs 1,500, couple Rs 2,500 around a one night stand Visit Femilines, the Exclusive Lingerie inclusive of show, dinner, drinks. Dress code: white/silver or black. between a suave socialite Store for ladies undergarments, nightwear, 4491234 (Rahul Bose) and a bathrobes and more. Ladies staff. Opposite Clearance Sale books from Patan Dhoka Kitab Pasal. 30 percent Sajha Yatayat, Harihar Bhawan, Pulchowk. v prostitute (Kareena Kapoor). Tel: 547428 discount on everything. Himal Association, 5548142 Chameli Rahul and Kareena both v ELD Training Workshops on Reporting Skills (19 - 23 January) and need a hit to rejuvenate their To Let: Rabibhawan area two storey house Presentation Skills with Microsoft PowerPoint (20 - 22 January). 4 bedrooms 2 bathrooms large kitchen sagging career. With the dining living terrace lobby and porch and www.eld.org.uk Contact: 4256618 Email: [email protected] JAI NEPAL CINEMA Call 4442220 for bookings success of movies like telephone. Contact: Roshani 4275180 Chandni Bar, Chameli could LIVE IN STYLE! Arcadia Apartments in the MUSIC Call for show timings. v Jim Valley Children’s Concert from 1PM on 18 January. Tickets: Rs strike the right note with heart of Thamel. Centrally located, fully 300 at Lincoln School. 4270482 11.30 AM, 2.30 PM, 5.30 PM furnished apartments at unbelievable rates. www.jainepal.com audiences. For details: 981026903, 4260187 v Abhaya & The Steam Injuns at Dwarika’s every Friday from 7PM onwards. 4479488 Renting made easy: www.2letonline.com- ‘Make love against war’ from 8PM on 16 January with dj St Yves + Looking for a place to stay- Log on to find v the perfect house, apartment or even a retail dj Impact, Club Vise from 8PM on 17 January at Via Via Café Web space that meets all your needs. Make an site: www.viaviacafe.com easy 1000 bucks by reporting a vacant v Fusion Fridays Bobby Gurung on percussion, Shyam Nepali on property to us. Find out how- Syrangi, Deepak Rai on Bamboo flute joined by Sanjay Shrestha www.2letonline.com and Phiroj from 1974 AD. 7PM onwards on 16 January. Entry Rs 150. To Let: Pleasant room (with private, Bringing Ghatam to Nepal - Bobby Gurung launches the South ensuite bathroom) in a quiet bungalow in Indian instrument, the Ghatam (or Clay Pot). 4PM on 17 January. Lazimpat. Share kitchen and large lounge. Drummer’s Circle, percussion evening, 7PM on 20 January, Entry Rs Perhaps suitable for visiting professional or v volunteer. Tel 4428549 150. All at Moksh, Club Hardic Pulchowk, 5528703 Get 10 % exclusive discount on the normal subscription rate of Himalmedia’s DRINK v Cosmic Cocktails at Mitra Lounge Bar. Above Cafe Mitra, Thamel. publication namely; Himal Khabarpatrika, 4259015 Nepali Times and Wave magazine. Only at the Grihini Department Store limited, v Kiwi Cocktails and Desserts from organic Kiwi fruit. Piano Lounge, Baluwatar, Phone: 4415186 Hotel Yak and Yeti, Kathmandu. 4248999 To Let: Flat in Jawalakhel Opp. Mahila Kendra.2 bedrooms,2 baths, living-dining, terrace with wooden floors. Contact: KATHMANDU AIR QUALITY 5524389 As the winter morning fog continues to hang over Kathmandu trapping the pollutants within the Valley, the air we breathe continues to get worse. Last Wanted : Nepali pilot, interested person week, the concentration of harmful particles below 10 microns in Putali should have experience for ultra light Sadak was almost three times higher than the national standard of 120 aircraft with Rotax 582 engine. Apply with cv, micrograms per cubic meter. In residential areas like Thamel and photo and contact address within 7 days to Avia Club Nepal Pvt. Ltd., P.O. Box 13680. 91.2 Bhaktpur, the PM10 was almost two times the national standard. The pollution level in Bhaktapur showed an increase of 28 percent over the What you burn is WHOLESALES BAGS AND GARMENTS- previous week. This mainly due to the brick kilns on the outskirts of the town Our Factory Offers good quality products At what you breathe. and many of them are still the old polluting models of bull trench kilns. Very Reasonable Prices, School Bags, Back Pack, Ladies, Gents And Child’s Clothing. Good < 60 Average PM10 levels at selected pointsin Kathmandu 4-10 January in micrograms per cubic meter. AMIT CRAFTS.e- Ok 61 to 120 mail:[email protected] Source: www. mope.gov.np The 4th Great Himalayan Unhealthy 121 to 350 Volkswagen Beetle Rally will Apartment For Rent: 3 Bed Rooms, Harmful 351 to 425 BEETLE RALLY happen on Saturday 28th Kitchen, Dinning, Living room with 24 hour hot & cold shower, in a very Prime location Hazardous >425 February 2004. Great prizes to of Jyatha, Thamel be won, great opportunity to Contact: 4225319 support the production of peace Patan H Thamel TU Bhaktapur Matsyagaun Putalisadak stickers, cleft lip and palate To-Let: 1-3 bedrooms modern apartment surgery in Nepal, and women’s flats with parking facility at Jawalakhel NEPALI WEATHER by MAUSAM BEED health services in remote areas. Ringroad. Tel. 5528134 5527632 VIS -15-01-2004 04:00 GMT This year’s fog in the tarai is not as bad as last Please consider sponsoring a Beetle to support these great causes. For insertions ring NT year and usually lifts by afternoon. In this satellite Marketing at 5543333-36. picture taken on Thursday morning, we see an Contact : [email protected] or [email protected] or [email protected]. extensive fog right across the Ganga plains and another one in the Brahmaputra basin. Looming over the horizon is a massive westerly frontal system stretching all the way from Lake Victoria to Central Asia which is likely to bring overcast skies over the weekend with the chances of Rise and shine drizzles and snow flurries in the central and Get ready for a brand new day with BBC World Today. western hills. More misty mornings with frost mornings and maximum temperatures below 20 Every morning on 102.4 FM from 5:45-6:15 AM for Kathmandu Valley. Daily 2045-2115 BBC g]kfnL ;]jf KATHMANDU VALLEY Daily 2245-2300 BBC g]kfnL ;]jf Fri Sat Sun Mon Tue Radio Sagarmatha P.O. Box 6958, Bakhundole, Lalitpur, Nepal Tel: ++977-1-545680, 545681, Fax: ++ 977-1- 530227 18-02 18-02 17-02 18-01 19-02 E-mail: [email protected], on FM 102.4 www.radiosagarmatha.org /]l8of] ;u/dfyf 16 - 22 JANUARY 2004 #179 23 NEPALI SOCIETY HAPPENINGS

Bobby’sis eyes bright with heartbeatBack in Kathmandu, he has excitement, Manohar performed with 1974AD and (Bobby) Gurung calls Sitapati. He learned the ghatam, out the eight beat cycle, or an earthen pot used in classical Hadhithalam: “Tha-ki-ta-ki-ta-tha- Carnatic music in south India. KIRAN PANDEY ka-tha-ri-ki-ta-tha-ka”. With his When Pandit Vikku Vinayakam HALL OF FAME: Patan’s famous Ashok Cinema, which got a facelift hands, he plays out this vocal performed in Kathmandu in 2003, and has been converted into a modern convention hall, was inaugurated percussion on his thighs as he Bobby was in raptures and was would on the ghatam. Strong invited to Chennai by the master. on Thursday. and rhythmical, it is one more He trained intensely with Pandit percussion instrument to add to Vikku and his son TV Umashankar his repertoire. and has returned to Nepal to Drums were Bobby’s hobby spread the sound of the ghatam. since school days. He played It is hard work: Bobby the madal during bhajans at practices eight hours a day, home at home or the tabla while fingers turning black and blue his sister danced Bharatnatyam with practice. He has chosen to for the school. Gradually, he specialise in the Manamadrini picked up the jembe, conga, ghatam which is fired with five damphu, almost anything with a elements and is harder than the skin framed over it. And if no Madrasi ghatam. “The harder you drum was in sight, he’d play a hit the ghatam, the more painful. beat on the table with his hands The more painful, the more while his mother sang. beautiful the sound,” Bobby But Bobby’s mother thought explains. ANUP PRAKASH all this was taking him away Bobby has introduced a drum AND THE WINNER IS: Director Ujwal Ghimire holding aloft his from his studies. So, through SUSAN SELLERS circle every Tuesday at Moksh in Dabur Anmol Motion Picture Award on Saturday at the BICC for his college, he continued to play from all over the world and found Jawalakhel. He also hopes to do film, Biswas. drums for functions or at home, London was a great place to more music therapy. But his never daring to dream he could perform. Soon Booby made friends dream is to have a Carnatic music take it up as a profession. who shared his passion and school in Nepal. For now, he just Studing for an MBA in UK for a encouraged him to play. He even wants the ghatam to be known in year in 1996, Bobby got bored co-recorded an album, Bazaar in a Nepal. with studies. “It became Nutshell. “Our rhythm is already inside monotonous, there was no After seeing how music us,” Bobby says. “Each of us has rhythm in it,” he recalls, almost therapy could be used to help a heartbeat. I can feel that painfully. Bobby found places children with disabilities, Bobby rhythm.” l where he could listen to drums decided he would be a drummer. (Sraddha Basnyat)

KIRAN PANDEY YAM BETWEEN STONES: The eve of the first day of Magh on Wednesday saw brisk sales of traditional food items, including yams on Kathmandu sidewalks.

KIRAN PANDEY PLAINCLOTHES: Plainclothes security personnel wrestling down student protesters on the streets on Monday in Kathmandu. PUBLIC OPEN FORUM & TALK PROGRAM 2:00 p.m.- “Arthritis and Total Joint Replacement” 3:00 p.m.- “Medical Options for Infertility Cases” Visit us for information on Vejthani’s full range of health-care services including Cardiology, Gastroentrology, Dentistry and Ophthalmology. Have one-to-one meeting with Chief Medical Officer and Vejthani Hospital Management.

Time: 1:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. Date: Saturday, 17th January, 2004 Venue: Durbar Hall, Hotel Yak & Yeti

Nepal Representative 1 Ladprao Road 111, Klong –Chun Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240, Thailand

KUNDA DIXIT Tel: 734-0366/7, Fax: 734-0375 TRASHY AIRPORT: Two armed police guards walk past a refuse dump Tel: 5543018/19, 5525014, Fax: 5527724 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.vejthani.com outside the Pokhara airport terminal building recently.