City of Windsor Corporate Energy Management Plan 2014

City of Windsor

Corporate Energy Management Plan 2014 - 2018

Prepared for the City of Windsor June 9, 2014

Prepared by: City of Windsor Energy Initiatives Unit Asset Planning Division

Acknowledgements

The Energy Management Plan was prepared by the Energy Initiatives Unit / Asset Planning Division, City of Windsor in compliance with Ontario Regulation 397/11 of the Green Energy Act 2009. The document was developed in co-operation with and participation of City of Windsor Employees as identified below:

John Guidolin, Chris Manzon, Errol Swan, John Miceli, Ivan Mantha, Cathy Harris, John Wolf, Tim O’Neal, Marian Drouillard, Melissa Osborne, Onorio Colucci, Tiffany Pocock, Susan Papic, Trevor Bennet, Marco Aquino, Corinne Despierre-Corporon

Energy Champions: Barry Ouellette, Wanita Shepley, David Spratt, Wayne Rice, Scott Greenway, Richard Klay

Energy Initiatives Unit: Sergio Grando, Sokol Aliko, Sue Beaulieu

Special thanks to:

EnWin Utilities Ltd. / Conservation and Demand Management Lawrence Musyj, Jeff Scott, Chris Routliffe

Union Gas / Institutional Accounts & Efficiency Energy Design Bill Davies

III

Section 0 Acronyms, Abbreviations & Definitions

Section 1 Executive Summary CCoorrppoorraattee EEnneerrggyy MMaannaaggeemmeenntt PPllaann Contents Section 2 Contents Corporate Energy Management Plan

Section 3 Energy Consumption and Cost

Section 4 Energy Savings Measures

Section 5 Renewable Energy

Section 6 Energy Management Plan Implementation

Section 7 Monitoring and Evaluation

Section 8 Appendices

Table of Content

Sections: Page

1.0 Executive Summary ...... 2 1.1 Introduction ...... 2 1.2 Key Energy Successes ...... 2 2.0 Corporate Energy Management Plan ...... 6 2.1 Introduction ...... 6 2.2 Corporate Vision ...... 6 2.3 Goals and Objectives ...... 6 2.4 Energy Management Plan Context ...... 7 2.5 Energy Management Plan Components ...... 7 3.0 Energy Consumption and Cost ...... 10 3.1 Historical Consumption and Cost Data 2010 – 2013 ...... 10 3.1.1 Average Annual Cost 2010 – 2013 by Utility Type ...... 10 3.1.2 Consumption 2010 – 2013 by Utility Type ...... 11 3.2 Electricity Consumption by Sector ...... 14 3.3 Effects of Electricity Price Volatility ...... 14 4.0 Energy Savings Measures ...... 18 4.1 Introduction ...... 18 4.2 Previous Energy Reduction Measures ...... 18 4.2.1 Corporate Wide Energy Efficiency and Retrofit Program ...... 18 4.2.2 City Wide Traffic Signal Lights Conversion to LED ...... 20 4.3 Current Conservation Demand Management Measures ...... 20 4.3.1 Technical Measures – Energy Audits...... 20 A. WFCU Center ...... 21 B. Forest Glade Arena...... 24 C. South Windsor Arena ...... 27 D. Lanspeary Park Outdoor Rink ...... 30 E. Charles Clark Square Outdoor Rink ...... 31 F. 400 City Hall Administrative Building ...... 33 G. Capitol Theatre ...... 36 H. Little River Pollution Control Plant ...... 38 I. Lou Romano Water Reclamation Plant – High Efficiency Turbo Blowers ...... 42 J. Intelligent Electronic Compressor Controller ...... 44 K. Transit Windsor Bus Garage / Administrative Offices ...... 45 L. Embedded Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Plant at WFCU Center ...... 47 M. Embedded CHP Plant at Huron Lodge Long Term Care Facility ...... 48 N. Huron Lodge Long Term Care Facility Energy Audit ...... 51 O. Municipal Storm and Sanitary Pumping Stations ...... 51 P. Streetlight City Wide LED Conversion ...... 52 4.4 Behavioural Measures ...... 53 4.4.1 Energy Awareness and Education Campaign ...... 53 Introduction ...... 53 Energy Awareness Campaign Objectives ...... 54 Design and Implementation ...... 54 4.5 Organizational Measures ...... 55

4.5.1 Introduction ...... 55 4.5.2 Background ...... 55 4.5.3 Embedded Energy Manager – OPA saveONenergy Process and Systems Initiative .. 56 4.5.4 Corporate Energy Champions ...... 57 5.0 Renewable Energy ...... 59 5.1 Windsor International Aquatic and Training Centre – 350 kW Photovoltaic System ...... 59 5.1.1 Building Description ...... 59 5.1.2 Utility Overview ...... 59 5.1.3 350 kW Roof Mounted Photovoltaic System ...... 60 5.2 OPA FIT 3.0 Applications ...... 60 6.0 Energy Management Plan Implementation ...... 62 6.1 Objective ...... 62 6.2 Prioritization of Energy Measures ...... 62 7.0 Monitoring and Evaluation ...... 65 7.1 Plan Review and Monitoring ...... 65 7.1.1 Monitoring, Verification and Reporting ...... 65 7.2 Energy Data Management ...... 65 7.3 Building Automation Systems ...... 66 Appendix A ...... 68 City of Windsor 2011 Consumption Data as per Ontario Regulation 397/11 ...... 68 Appendix B ...... 78 City of Windsor 2012 Consumption Data as per Ontario Regulation 397/11 ...... 78 Appendix C ...... 79 2010 – 2012 Energy Efficiency Retrofit Program - As Built Program by Measure ...... 79 Appendix D ...... 82 2010 – 2012 Energy Efficiency Retrofit Program - As Built Program by Building ...... 82

Tables:

Table 1 – Annual Energy Consumption & Cost 2010 – 2013 ...... 10 Table 2 – Utility Consumption Savings ...... 20 Table 3 – WFCU Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary ...... 23 Table 3.1 – WFCU Energy Efficiency Prioritized Measures ...... 24 Table 4 – Forest Glade Arena Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary ...... 26 Table 4.1 – Forest Glade Arena Energy Efficiency Prioritized Measures ...... 27 Table 5 – South Windsor Arena Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary...... 29 Table 5.1 – South Windsor Arena Energy Efficiency Prioritized Measures ...... 29 Table 6 – Lanspeary Arena Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary ...... 31 Table 7 – Charles Clark Square Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary ...... 32 Table 7.1 – Charles Clark Square Energy Efficiency Prioritized Measures ...... 33 Table 8 – 400 City Hall Saving Opportunities ...... 35 Table 9 – Capitol Theatre Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary ...... 37 Table 9.1 – Capitol Theatre Energy Efficiency Prioritized Measures ...... 38 Table 10 – LRPCP Motor Replacement Program ...... 40 Table 11 – LRPCP Sub-Metering Program ...... 41 Table 12 – LRWRP Turbo Blowers Replacement Program ...... 44 Table 13 - Intelligent Electronic Compressor Controller Program ...... 45 Table 14 – Transit Windsor Energy Efficiency Measures ...... 47 Table 15 – WFCU Centre CHP Program ...... 48 Table 16 – Huron Lodge CHP Program ...... 50

Table 17 – Huron Lodge Energy Efficiency Measures Program ...... 51 Table 18 – Pumping Stations Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary ...... 51 Table 19 – Streetlights Energy Efficiency Measures Program ...... 52 Table 20 – Summary of Prioritized Energy Efficiency Measures 2014 – 2015 ...... 63

Figures:

Figure 3.1 – Average Annual Cost Breakdown By Utility Type 2010 – 2013 ...... 11 Figure 3.2 – City of Windsor Electricity Usage ...... 12 Figure 3.3 – City of Windsor Natural Gas Usage ...... 12 Figure 3.4 – City of Windsor Water Usage ...... 13 Figure 3.5 – City of Windsor District Energy Usage ...... 13 Figure 3.6 – Electricity Consumption by Sector 2013 ...... 14 Figure 3.7 – Ontario Electricity Price January 2012 - March 2014 ...... 15 Figure 3.8 – Electricity Consumption and Cost 2011 – 2013...... 16 Figure 4.1 – Energy Reduction Measures Cost ...... 19 Figure 4.2 – Annual Cost Savings by Utility Type ...... 19 Figure 4.3 – Traffic Signal Lights Consumption Reduction ...... 20 Figure A.1 – WFCU Centre Electricity Usage ...... 22 Figure A.2 – WFCU Centre Natural Gas Usage ...... 22 Figure A.3 – WFCU Centre Water Usage ...... 23 Figure B.1 – Forest Glade Arena Electricity Consumption Analysis ...... 25 Figure B.2 – Forest Glade Arena Electricity Demand Analysis ...... 25 Figure B.3 – Forest Glade Arena Electrical Usage ...... 26 Figure C.1 – South Windsor Arena Electricity Consumption Analysis ...... 28 Figure C.2 – South Windsor Arena Electricity Demand Analysis ...... 28 Figure C.3 - South Windsor Arena Electricity Usage ...... 28 Figure D.1 – Lanspeary Outdoor Rink Electricity Usage ...... 30 Figure E.1 – Charles Clark Square Outdoor Rink Electricity Usage ...... 32 Figure F.1 – 400 City Hall Electricity Usage ...... 34 Figure F.2 – 400 City Hall Water Usage ...... 34 Figure F.3 – 400 City Hall District Heating and Cooling Usage ...... 35 Figure G.1 – Capitol Theatre Electricity Usage ...... 36 Figure G.2 - Capitol Theatre Natural Gas Usage ...... 37 Figure H.1 – LRPCP Electricity Usage ...... 39 Figure H.2 – LRPCP Natural Gas Usage ...... 39 Figure H.3 – LRPCP Water Usage...... 40 Figure I.1 – LRWRP Electricity Usage ...... 42 Figure I.2 – LRWRP Natural Gas Usage ...... 43 Figure I.3 – LRWRP Water Usage ...... 43 Figure K.1 – Transit Windsor Electricity Usage...... 46 Figure K.2 – Transit Windsor Natural Gas Usage ...... 46 Figure K.3 - Transit Windsor Water Usage ...... 47 Figure M.1 – Huron Lodge Electricity Usage ...... 49 Figure M.2 – Huron Lodge Natural Gas Usage ...... 50 Figure M.3 – Huron Lodge Water Usage ...... 50

VII

Section 0 Acronyms, Abbreviations & Definitions

VIII

Acronyms and Abbreviations:

BAS – Building Automation System BEPI – Building Energy Performance CHP – Combined Heat and Power CSA – Canadian Standards Association eCO2 – Carbon Dioxide Equivalent ekWh – Equivalent kilowatt-hour EMIS – Energy Management Information System EMP – Energy Management Plan FIT – Feed-In-Tariff GA – Global Adjustment GHG – Greenhouse Gas HOEP – Hourly Ontario Electricity Price HPS – High Pressure Sodium HVAC – Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning IESO – Independent Electricity System Operator kWh – Kilowatt-hour LDC – Local Distribution Company LED – Light-Emitting Diode m3 – Cubic meters ML – Million liters MWh – Megawatt-hour NHL – National Hockey League OHL – Ontario Hockey League OPA – Ontario Power Authority PSUI – Process and Systems Upgrade Initiative PV – Photovoltaic RFQ – Request for Quotes TSSA - Technical Standards and Safety Authority VFD – Variable Frequency Drive WFCU – Windsor Family Credit Union Centre WIATC – Windsor International Aquatic and Family Centre

Section 1 Executive Summary

1.0 Executive Summary

1.1 Introduction

This Energy Management Plan (EMP) is prepared in compliance with Ontario Regulation 397/11 of the Green Energy Act 2009.

Energy conservation and the strategic management of energy usage are critical steps in contributing to reducing the effects of Greenhouse Gas emissions on the environment, ensuring a reliable energy supply and securing a sustainable community.

The Corporate Energy Management Plan contained herein supports both the Community Strategic Plan and the Corporate Strategic Action Plan, Environment Pillar – “Our Environment Clean and Efficient”. It is also aligned with the Municipal Environmental Master Plan, Goal D – “Use Resources Efficiently: To increase resource efficiency, conserve water and energy and reduce waste”.

The purpose of the EMP is to create a flexible living document that sets goals, strategies and initiatives to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.

While Ontario Regulation 397/11 requires the EMP to be updated at the end of the five-year period (2014 – 2018), Administration will be providing City Council with annual updates commencing July 2015.

1.2 Key Energy Successes

A. Energy Efficiency Improvements

The implementation of recommendations resulting from initiating energy audits and studies will generate the following savings / reductions throughout 2014 – 2015:

 Annual projected electricity savings – 4.2 million kWh or 5.3% based on 2013 consumption  Annual projected electricity cost savings – $509,000 or 4.6% based on 2013 electricity costs  Annual projected natural gas savings – 144,000 cubic meters  Annual projected natural gas cost savings – $26,600  Annual GHG emissions reduction – 1,220 tonnes

B. Combined Heat and Power (Embedded Generation)

The installation of a cogeneration plant at the WFCU Centre could produce sufficient electricity to reduce the need for power from the provincial grid by approximately 6.9 million kWh annually which represents 86% of 2013 consumption. In addition, the system will generate the equivalent energy of 600,000 cubic meters of natural gas or 68% of the facility’s current thermal needs.

C. Streetlights Conversion to LED

Converting the City’s over 23,500 street lights from HPS to LED lamps will reduce electricity consumption by over 5 million kWh or 6.5% of the corporation’s annual electricity usage while saving over $1 million in utility

2 costs. In addition annual streetlight maintenance costs will be reduced by over $900,000 as the lamp recycling program will increase from once every five years to once in fifteen years.

D. Energy Awareness and Education Campaign

Stressing the importance of staff participation in energy related efficiency measures, whether it’s the installation of a new technology or simply turning off office lights and computers, cannot be overstated. Studies have shown that engaging staff working within a facility (as occupant or operational staff) where an education awareness campaign was implemented, coupled with the implementation of energy efficient technologies, resulted in energy savings as high as 15%.

The Corporation will be rolling out a phased approach to an energy awareness and education campaign beginning the second half of 2014. Administration is anticipating a 1.5% decrease of overall energy consumption over the next eighteen months, with expectations to expand the programs as deemed appropriate.

E. Renewable Energy

The City began its renewable energy program in 2011 with the installation of three solar thermal water heating systems at the following outdoor pools - Mic Mac, Remington Park, and Lions (Lanspeary), saving approximately 35% of natural gas consumed during the summer months.

Currently a 350 kW photovoltaic array is being built on the roof of the Windsor International Aquatic and Training Center. When completed in the Fall of 2014 the system will generate approximately 500,000 kWh of electricity annually for the next 20 years, under contract with the Ontario Power Authority, earning the City a yearly average income of $250,000.

Recently the City successfully completed the initial vetting process for the installation of three additional PV systems under OPA Contract FIT 3.0. Should these contracts be awarded and approved by City Council the combined installed capacity would exceed 1.2 MW with an electricity output of approximately 1.7 million kWh and an income of $560,000 annually.

F. Future Opportunities

The Energy Management Plan is a living document and will continue to evolve throughout and beyond the 2014 – 2018 timeframe. Surveys indicate most Ontarians have concerns about the cost of energy whether its personal home or business use. The City has an opportunity to lead by example to conserve and use energy wisely through the implementation of new technologies in concert with educational efforts to create an overall culture of energy conservation, both at home and in the workplace.

It is estimated that future energy efficiency measures identified in the current plan will benefit the City by an additional 4.3 million kWh of electricity, and 240,000 cubic meters of natural gas reductions, representing $494,000 in cost savings.

G. Consumption Reduction and Price Volatility

The ongoing evolution of the Energy Management Plan demonstrates the City has and will continue to employ strategies that will both reduce consumption and generate cost savings. However, there is a caveat that must be recognized, which is the risk of volatile energy price increases, in particular electricity. This risk which is unpredictable can negate all or part of the financial benefit resulting from energy consumption reductions. In

3 other words while the City is experiencing a decrease in consumption, a corresponding decrease in costs is not a certainty and will ultimately be a function of price volatility. This caution has been substantiated by the electricity consumption reduction of 2.6 million kWh experienced during the period 2011 to 2013 while realizing an electricity cost increase of $940,000. Without this electricity consumption reduction of 2.6 million kWh, however, the City would have experienced an additional increase in cost of approximately $360,000 based on 2013 prices.

Implementing the above identified measures, which are projected to reduce consumption by approximately 16 million kWh by 2015, may not result in the anticipated $2.2 million in savings particularly if electricity prices continue to trend at 8-10% annual increase as projected by the Province. On a go forward basis it may be more practical to describe cost savings in terms of cost avoidance.

H. Energy Data Management

To efficiently manage energy use requires effective monitoring systems that provide accurate real time feedback. An energy monitoring and management information software integrated with various existing and future BAS and sub-metering systems, will optimize the management of energy resources.

To achieve this objective Energy Initiatives / Asset Planning will be working with Information Technology and Parks & Facilities Departments to explore the best solution for an enterprise wide integration of systems and energy management software.

I. Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction

The City’s efforts to achieve both energy and cost savings also result in another equally important outcome – reducing City’s carbon footprint by reducing GHG emissions. Identifying carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reduction by translating abstract measurements into everyday terms can be a helpful reference. By implementing measures contained in the EMP, GHG emissions can be reduced by approximately 4300 tonnes which are equivalent to the following:

 Taking 905 vehicles off the road, or  Driving 10.2 million vehicle miles, or  Electricity annual usage of 591 homes, or  Carbon sequestered effect of 110,256 tree seedlings grown for 10 years.

Section 2 Corporate Energy Management Plan

2.0 Corporate Energy Management Plan

2.1 Introduction

The Ontario Provincial Government has committed to assist the broader public sector to better understand and manage their energy consumption. As part of this commitment, Ontario Regulation 397/11 under the Green Energy Act 2009 requires public agencies, municipalities, municipal service boards, school boards, universities, colleges, and hospitals to:

a) Report on energy consumption and greenhouse gas annually beginning July 1st, 2013 (commencing with 2011 energy data). b) Develop and implement Energy Management Plans starting July 1st, 2014.

Ontario Regulation 397/11 focuses on the need to understand how and when buildings and facilities use energy. By adopting this regulation the Administration will be better able to discover opportunities for improving efficiency, decrease consumption and ultimately generate cost savings / cost avoidance opportunities.

Managing the corporation’s $15 million annual utility costs requires clear strategies for our technical systems, operational staff and occupants. Having an energy management plan helps to identify goals and systematically works to achieve them.

The outline below is the framework for the Corporation’s Energy Management Plan (EMP) which provides a simple systematic approach that will enable administration to better understand our current energy use, and what influences consumption as well as the opportunities available to reduce that use. It is intended to be a road map for the period 2014 – 2018; whereby best practice energy management will be incorporated to deliver energy savings in an effective and flexible manner.

2.2 Corporate Vision

The City of Windsor will continue to reduce energy consumption and mitigate costs through the wise use of energy. This will involve a collaborative effort to increase conservation awareness and better understanding of energy management within the Corporation.

2.3 Goals and Objectives

In order to safeguard the success of the strategic direction of the Energy Management Plan, there are a number of goals and objectives that align with its development and implementation. The goals and objectives identified below will act as a guide and provide a common focus and direction for the Plan:

 Achieve a 10% reduction in overall energy consumption over the five-year (2014 – 2018) timeframe of the EMP.  Improve financial accountability achieved through savings and cost avoidance that will lead to both direct and indirect annual corporate savings.  Develop a broad-based corporate awareness and commitment.  Become a leader in energy conservation and demand management among municipalities in Ontario. 6

 Integrate information systems and coordinate corporate programs to support energy related actions.  Improve energy efficiency and environmental performance.

2.4 Energy Management Plan Context

The City of Windsor currently spends approximately $15 million annually in utility costs (electricity, natural gas, district heating and cooling, and water) based on 2013 data, and operates over 200 buildings of a variety of sizes, encompassing approximately 3 million square feet of space. With an ongoing commitment of time and dedicated resources for the implementation of the outlined management plan, administration believes that a significant amount of energy savings can be realized immediately and into the future of the five-year (2014 – 2018) plan.

Energy Management Plans can be developed by a variety of different approaches. For example:

a) Building by Building Assessment – This plan would identify saving opportunities in all buildings with the development of a prioritized list from the most to the least in consumption and cost reduction. b) Payback Period – This plan would be driven by an optimized payback approach which will identify energy measures within a building with an associated estimated payback period. These measures can be prioritized from the most favourable in payback years to the least. c) Goal Specific – This plan is driven by establishing improvement targets as a percentage of the energy usage or a percentage reduction of average enterprise wide energy intensity.

The energy management plan being developed herein is primarily a hybrid of “a” and “b” identified above, with a focus on the payback period as a means of prioritizing the measures to be implemented.

2.5 Energy Management Plan Components

The Energy Management Plan outlined in this report consists of the following components:

Historical Energy Consumption and Cost

This section of the report establishes the historical 2010 – 2013 energy use for electricity, natural gas, district energy and water. This data will be used as the benchmark to evaluate future actions, monitor results and set future targets.

Energy Saving Measures

This section of the report outlines energy consumption reduction opportunities through a wide variety of technical, behavioral, and organizational measures that will be implemented throughout the timeframe of the five- year plan 2014 – 2018. In addition, past energy reduction measures that were implemented in the years 2010 –2012 are identified.

Renewable Energy

This section of the report outlines renewable energy opportunities, such as roof mounted photovoltaic systems on City owned buildings.

Energy Management Plan Implementation

This section of the report summarizes the prioritization of the various energy efficiency measures being considered for implementation.

Monitoring and Evaluation

This section of the report recommends metering systems and energy management information software that provides analytical data that assists with decision making, identifying anomalies, optimizing daily operations, and evaluating achievements related to energy reduction targets.

Section 3 Energy Consumption and Cost

3.0 Energy Consumption and Cost

3.1 Historical Consumption and Cost Data 2010 – 2013

Energy management starts with understanding how and when energy is currently used. The scope of this report is limited to energy use of electricity, natural gas, water, and district heating and cooling.

Table 1 below identifies the annual consumption and corresponding costs for the period 2010 – 2013. The following sub-sections describe the energy and water consumption over this four year period.

Table 1 – Annual Energy Consumption & Cost 2010 – 2013

2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 Utility Consumption Costs Consumption Costs Consumption Costs Consumption Costs

Electricity 81,159,900 $9,215,300 83,428,700 $10,630,400 80,811,300 $10,387,900 80,875,500 $11,570,000 [kWh]

Natural Gas 3,661,500 * $1,138,200 4,353,200 $1,508,700 4,126,500 $1,133,200 4,918,800 $1,283,000 [m3]

Water 1,098,100 $1,597,300 753,100 $1,537,000 638,800 $1,292,300 499,500 $1,310,300 [m3] District Energy ** 9,430 $273,700 9,120 $290,600 7,689 $240,900 15,500 $479,200 [MWh] Total Annual $12,224,500 $13,966,700 $13,054,300 $14,642,500 Costs * 2010 natural gas consumption is based on 11 months of data ** Combined chilled and hot water

3.1.1 Average Annual Cost 2010 – 2013 by Utility Type

To know where we are going we need to understand where we have been. Below is an analysis of the City’s average consumption and cost experience over the period 2010 – 2013.

Figure 3.1 demonstrates the average annual costs by utility type over a four year period. Electricity is by far the largest cost driver and represents 78% of the City’s average annual energy expenditure. The cost of electricity (commodity price plus global adjustment) has increased on average 10% a year during the period 2010 – 2013. While the corporation continues to make significant enterprise wide improvements in terms of energy consumption reduction, price volatility represents a budget risk that is both uncontrollable and unpredictable.

Average Annual Cost 2010 - 2013 by Utility Type

Electricity ($10,450,900) Water ($1,434,200) Natural Gas ($1,165,800) 78% District Energy ($321,100)

11%

9% 2%

Figure 3.1 – Average Annual Cost Breakdown By Utility Type 2010 – 2013

The 2014 corporate utility budget is approximately $15.1 million. Given this significant expense it makes sense to develop business processes that integrates energy management into the municipal organizational structure. Success in managing energy simply equates to minimizing energy costs and reducing the associated environmental impacts. Therefore having business processes to plan, monitor and control energy use should be a corporate municipal service. The intent of this municipal energy management plan is to develop a roadmap to achieve this objective.

3.1.2 Consumption 2010 – 2013 by Utility Type

The graphs below depict the utility consumption by type for the period 2010 – 2013 (2013 does not include the Windsor International Aquatic and Training Centre utility data).

Electricity consumption as demonstrated in Figure 3.2 below has been relatively stable with a 3.1% decrease since 2011. This reduction can be explained in part due to the energy efficiency programs which were implemented beginning in 2010. While consumption decreased by 2.6 million kWh or 3.1%, electricity costs actually increased by $940,000 or 9%.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million kWh)

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure 3.2 – City of Windsor Electricity Usage

Natural gas consumption has also been relatively stable with the exception of 2013, where colder winter and spring temperatures were on average 4 °C per month lower than 2012. This resulted in a 19.2% increase in consumption. Commodity prices have been trending lower mainly as a result of significant shale gas well-drilling creating record high storage capacity. While there continues to be significant natural gas discoveries, commodity prices began to increase in the second quarter of 2013 mainly as a result of the closing of the Ontario coal-fired power plants which are being replaced with natural gas cogeneration production.

Natural Gas Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million m3)

5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure 3.3 – City of Windsor Natural Gas Usage

Water consumption has decreased from approximately 1.1 million cubic meters in 2010 to less than 500,000 cubic meters in 2013. This reduction in usage is mainly attributed to the following factors:

 Lou Romano water reclamation plant in June 2011 implemented a new system that reduces the need for potable water used in the waste water filtration treatment process by approximately 448,000 cubic meters.  The closure of malfunctioning reflecting ponds at City Hall Square has saved 55,000 cubic meters annually.  In 2011 – 2012 the arenas implemented a new water reclamation process, lowering potable water consumption by a combined 41,000 cubic meters.

Water Consumption 2010 - 2012 (million m3)

1.20

1.00

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

0.00 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure 3.4 – City of Windsor Water Usage

District Energy consumption, which is the utilization of a central source (Caesars Windsor Casino plant) of chilled water for cooling and hot water for heating, continues to be relatively flat. Consumption data for the Art Gallery of Windsor was added in 2013. The City currently has six facilities that are serviced by District Energy.

District Energy Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million kWh)

12.00

10.00

8.00

6.00

4.00

2.00

0.00 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure 3.5 – City of Windsor District Energy Usage

In addition to the data provided above, Appendices A and B provide consumption data for the City’s buildings as prescribed by Ontario Regulation 397/11 for the years 2011 and 2012.

3.2 Electricity Consumption by Sector

Electricity is by far the corporation’s largest cost driver representing more than 79% (2013) of the total annual utility expenditures. The following chart display the 2013 electricity usage by the various municipal service sectors.

The two water treatment plants, pumping stations, arenas, street and traffic lights, account for 71% of the annual electricity consumed. Accordingly, a significant number of energy initiatives are being planned and implemented for these larger users.

Electricity Consumption by Sector 2013

Streetlights and Traffic Lights Arenas City Hall (350 / 400 24% 15% Buildings) 4%

Police and Fire Halls 5% Water Treatment Plants and Pumping Stations Transit 32% 2% Other 14% Long Term Care Facility (Huron Lodge) 4%

Figure 3.6 – Electricity Consumption by Sector 2013

3.3 Effects of Electricity Price Volatility

The effective commodity price of electricity per kilowatt-hour is comprised of two parts; the wholesale price or the Hourly Ontario Energy Price (HOEP) and the Global Adjustment (GA).

The Hourly Ontario Energy Price is the hourly price that is charged to local distribution companies (LDCs). HOEP becomes the basis of the commodity charges in the retail electricity market if customers receive their electricity from their LDC. The HOEP rate has recently experienced significant volatility. For example the average price in November 2013 was $.01493 per kWh increasing to $ .06144 in January 2014 and settling at $.03229 in April 2014. These unpredictable price swings have an impact on municipal energy budgets which are often set 3-4 months in advance of any budget year.

The GA represents a “true-up” of the province wide utility cost and accounts for the difference between the market price (HOEP) and the rates paid to regulated and contracted generators as well as for the cost of conservation and demand management programs. The GA is set monthly by the Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO) and similar to HOEP demonstrates significant price volatility. For example the GA in November 2013 was $.06228 per kWh, decreasing to $.03626 in January 2014 with a further dramatic decrease to negative $(0.00965) in April 2014.

Figure 3.7 below identifies the average monthly electricity price (HOEP plus GA) from January 2011 to March 2014. The trend line demonstrates an annualized price increase of approximately 10%. A further analysis indicates an average price of $.07041 in 2011 increasing to $.09625 by the end of March 2014. This represents a 36.6% price increase during this time period.

Electricity Price (HOEP + GA) January 2012 - March 2014 $0.12

$0.10

$0.08

$0.06

$0.04 Electricity Price

Linear (Electricity Price) $0.02

$0.00

11 12 13

13 11 11 12 12 13

11 12 13 14

- - -

------

- - - -

Jul Jul Jul

Jan Jan Jan Jan

Sep Sep Sep

Nov Nov Nov

Mar Mar Mar Mar

May May May

Figure 3.7 – Ontario Electricity Price January 2012 - March 2014

Figure 3.8 below identifies the annual electricity consumption for the years 2011 – 2013 against the total annual City of Windsor’s electricity cost for the same period. While consumption has decreased by 2.6 million kWh corresponding costs has increased by $940,000. ` To further illustrate price volatility, if the commodity price remained relatively unchanged from 2011 to 2013 the City’s electricity costs (Figure 3.8) would have decreased by approximately $330,000 in 2013.

Electricity Consumption and Cost 2011 - 2013 90,000,000 $12,000,000

80,000,000 $10,000,000 70,000,000

60,000,000 $8,000,000

50,000,000 $6,000,000 40,000,000

30,000,000 $4,000,000 Electricity Total Cost ($) Cost Total Electricity

Electricity Consumption (kWh) Consumption Electricity Electricity Consumption 20,000,000 Total Cost $2,000,000 10,000,000

0 $0 2011 2012 2013

Figure 3.8 – Electricity Consumption and Cost 2011 – 2013

Section 4 Energy Savings Measures

4.0 Energy Savings Measures

4.1 Introduction

Energy Savings Measures are actions that are taken to save energy and to help achieve the goals and objectives of the City. They constitute the bulk of the Energy Management Plan (EMP) implementation.

There are three basic types of energy saving measures:

a) Technical Measures: e.g. install occupancy sensors, variable frequency drives (VFD), and improvements in lighting and HVAC systems. b) Behavioural Measures: e.g. develop and implement an employee awareness and education program. c) Organizational Measures: e.g. develop a policy requiring that all new buildings be designed to LEED Gold standard, and new equipment purchases be Energy Star rated.

This Plan will identify:

 Previous measures  Current measures  Proposed measures  Cost and savings associated with each measure (cost savings identified below are based on the year when the energy audit or study was completed)

4.2 Previous Energy Reduction Measures

4.2.1 Corporate Wide Energy Efficiency and Retrofit Program

The City of Windsor owns and operates over 200 buildings and facilities. In 2008 / 2009 a comprehensive energy audit was undertaken by MCW Custom Energy Solutions Ltd., incorporating 157 sites or approximately 78% of our building portfolio. Throughout 2010 – 2012 energy reduction measures were implemented across a broad spectrum of building types. Energy reduction measures included the following: Lighting retrofit and redesign, mechanical modifications, controls including building automation systems upgrades and re- commissioning, water, building envelope and renewables.

Since implementation began in January 2010, MCW completed $2,370,300 in energy and water saving measures, which was offset by $449,130 received through various utility, provincial and federal incentive programs. These incentives represent 19% of the total construction costs leaving a municipal net total expenditure of $1,921,170.

Energy Reduction Measures Implementation Cost 2010 – 2012

Implementation of the various energy reduction measures (see Appendices C and D) in 2010 – 2012 had a net municipal cost of $1,921,170 as demonstrated in Figure 4.1 below. These measures have produced annual

18 savings of $247,100 and represent 12.9% of the net municipal implementation costs resulting in a simple payback period of 7.8 years. The annual eCO2 (GHG) emissions reduction totals 1,127 tonnes.

Figure 4.1 below identifies the total cost of the energy reduction measures implemented in 2010 – 2012.

Energy Reduction Measures Cost (Total $2,370,300)

Net Municipal Costs ($1,921,170)

81% Utility and Government Incentives ($449,130)

19%

Figure 4.1 – Energy Reduction Measures Cost

Figure 4.2 below identifies the annual cost savings by utility type associated with the implemented energy reduction measures 2010 – 2012.

Annual Cost Savings by Utility Type (Total $247,100)

Electricity ($145,500)

Natural Gas ($87,700)

Water ($13,900) 59%

35%

Figure 4.2 – Annual Cost Savings by Utility Type

Implementation of energy reduction measures produced a decrease in consumption as indicated in Table 2 below:

Table 2 – Utility Consumption Savings

Electricity 1,767,600 kWh 2.01% *

Gas 316,600 m3 7.44%*

Water 13,900 m3 1.59%*

* Percentages are based on the average consumption for the period 2010 – 2012

A more detailed description of the energy reduction measures implemented in 2010 – 2012 can be found in Appendices C and D.

 Appendix C – identifies “As Built Program by Measure”  Appendix D – identifies “As Built Program by Building”

4.2.2 City Wide Traffic Signal Lights Conversion to LED

In 2004 the City began a lighting project to convert traffic signal lights to LED lighting technology. Over the past ten years an incremental phased approach based on available funding was implemented with the final intersections to be completed in the Spring of 2014.

Traffic lights consumed approximately 2.8 million kWh annually in 2004; Figure 4.3 below graphically depicts the electricity consumption reduction to approximately 700,000 kWh over the past ten years.

Traffic Lights Consumption 2003 - 2013 3.00 (million kWh) 2.50

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure 4.3 – Traffic Signal Lights Consumption Reduction

4.3 Current Conservation Demand Management Measures

4.3.1 Technical Measures – Energy Audits

Technological energy efficiency measures can be identified by conducting energy audits. Energy audits are an important tool in helping to identify conservation and demand management measures, particularly when 20 undertaking a systematic examination of the major energy consuming systems (heating, cooling, processing equipment, lighting, etc.). Different levels of energy audits, from a basic facility walk-through to a detailed system level analysis e.g. detailed engineering studies, have been and will continue to be implemented by the City.

The intent of an energy audit typically is twofold:

 To report on the feasibility of energy management opportunities that would permanently reduce utility costs and/or reduce the production of greenhouse gas emissions.  To identify equipment that should be replaced or modified because it is nearing the end of its service life.

The following audits have either been recently completed, are currently underway, or planned in the future.

A. WFCU Center

An energy audit of the WFCU Centre was undertaken by MCW Custom Energy Solutions Ltd. in October 2013.

A.1 – Building Description

Address 8787 McHugh Street

Total Floor Area (ft2) 302,000

Storey Above Grade 3

Storey Below Grade 1

Year Opened 2008

The WFCU Center is a multipurpose recreation and entertainment complex with a variety of uses. Opened in 2008, the main bowl houses a NHL size arena with approximately 6500 seats and 35 luxury suites. In addition there are concession areas, dressing rooms, training facilities and retail shops. The main bowl is open for scheduled events such as OHL Windsor Spitfires games, concerts and conventions.

The community bowl area includes three NHL sized ice pads, dressing rooms, two community gyms, meeting rooms, a banquet hall, concession areas, and the administrative offices. The community bowl area is open to the public 24 hours a day, but its core operating hours are 7 a.m. to 11 p.m.

A.2 – Utility Overview

The WFCU Centre is one of the largest energy users within the City’s building inventory. In 2013 the facility consumed 7,937,677 kWh of electricity, 884,692 cubic meters of natural gas and 25,947 cubic meters of water for a combined annual expenditure of $1,165,236. The energy intensity or Building Energy Performance Index (BEPI) for the WFCU Centre is 57.2 ekWh/ft2, which is the average for a facility of this type and size.

The slight variations in the natural gas consumption (Figure A.2) are the result of the different weather conditions experienced during the four year period. The decrease in water consumption in 2013 (Figure A.3) is the result of implementing a new water reclamation process.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million kWh)

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure A.1 – WFCU Centre Electricity Usage

Natural Gas Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million m3)

0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure A.2 – WFCU Centre Natural Gas Usage

Water Consumption 2010 - 2013 (thousand m3)

0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure A.3 – WFCU Centre Water Usage

Table 3 below provides a summary of the recommended energy retrofit program for the WFCU Center.

Table 3 – WFCU Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary

BUILDING / MEASURE SAVINGS INCENTIVES

Total Electricity Annual Total Electricity Natural Total Measure Simple WFCU Demand Electricity eCO Savings Consumption Gas 2 Incentives Cost Payback Building Measure Peak/Month Demand [tonnes] [$] [kWh] [m³] [$] w/Incentives [years] [kW/kVA] [kW/kVA] [$]

LIGHTING RETROFIT & 26,359 230,618 59 646 - 41 24,819 317,152 12.0 REDESIGN Lighting Retrofits & 17,885 152,462 43.5 479 - 27 17,418 174,207 9.7 Redesign Interior LED Lighting 4,635 37,242 13.4 147.3 - 7 5,356 124,564 26.9

Lighting Controls 3,042 33,910 - - - 6 1,695 3,319 1.1

Exterior LED Lighting 797 7,004 1.6 19.2 - 1 350 15,062 18.9 MECHANICAL 61,813 357,231 - - 159,194 367 52,010 257,750 4.2 MODIFICATIONS Ice Plant Controls DDC 22,425 250,000 - - - 45 25,000 95,560 4.3 Installation Ice Plant Heat Recovery: 3,417 -3,676 - - 20,035 37 2,004 67,456 19.7 DHW Ice Plant Heat Recovery: 27,488 16,337 - - 139,159 268 15,550 44,593 1.6 Snow Melt Variable Flow Pumping 8,483 94,570 - - - 17 9,457 50,141 5.9 BUILDING AUTOMATION 2,729 20,000 - - 5,000 13 1,500 6,720 2.5 CONTROLS Building Controls Re- 2,729 20,000 - - 5,000 13 1,500 6,720 2.5 commissioning BUILDING ENVELOPE 856 - - - 4,580 9 458 13,941 16.3 UPGRADES Building Envelope Sealing 856 - - - 4,580 9 458 13,941 16.3

Based on consultation with WFCU management and operational staff, Table 3.1 below identifies the priority measures to be implemented in 2014 – 2015. The balance of the energy reduction measures identified in Table 3 will be prioritized for the period 2016 – 2018.

Table 3.1 – WFCU Energy Efficiency Prioritized Measures

Total Savings Electrical Savings Natural Gas Savings Total Measure Cost Simple Payback Building Measure [$] [kWh] [m3] w/Incentive [years]

Lighting Retrofit & Re-design $17,885 152,462 $174,207 9.7

Lighting Controls $3,042 33,910 $3,319 1.1

Ice Plant Controls DDC $22,425 250,000 $95,560 4.3

Ice Plant Heat Recovery: Ice Melt $27,488 16,337 139,159 $44,593 1.6

Variable Flow Pump $8,483 94,570 $50,141 5.9

Building Controls Re-commissioning $2,729 20,000 5,000 $6,720 2.5

Implementing the measures identified in Table 3.1 above represents the following savings and consumption reductions:

 Annual savings - $82,052  Electricity savings – 567,279 kWh or 7.1% reduction based on 2013 data.  Natural Gas savings – 144,169 cubic meters or 16.3% reduction based on 2013 data.

 Annual eCO2 (GHG) emissions reduction – 376 tonnes.

The net municipal cost of implementing the measures is $374,540 with a simple payback period of 4.5 years.

B. Forest Glade Arena

An energy audit of Forest Glade Arena was undertaken by I.B. Storey Inc. in September 2013.

B.1 – Building Description

3205 Forest Glade Address Drive

Total Floor Area (ft2) 62,000

Storey Above Grade 1

Year Opened 1975 / 1990

The Forest Glade Arena is a multi-use facility with two ice surfaces, kitchen facilities and auditorium. The complex was constructed in 1975 with the second ice surface and auditorium added in 1990.

B.2 – Utility Overview

Based on the energy efficiency opportunities available with the ammonia refrigeration system a detailed engineering study was commissioned with a specific focus on the facility’s ice plant. The ammonia refrigeration system was chosen for the study as it consumes a significant portion of electricity. The plant refrigeration system, including fans, pumps, and compressors consumes 38% of the facility annual electricity usage and accounts for 56% of the peak demand load as identified in the Figures B.1 and B.2 below.

Electricity Consumption Breakdown Electricity Demand Breakdown All Other Facility Equipment All Other Facility Equipment Ammonia Compressors Ammonia Compressors Refrigeration System Fans and Pumps Refrigeration System Fans and Pumps

39% 62% 26% 44%

12% 17%

Figure B.1 – Forest Glade Arena Electricity Figure B.2 – Forest Glade Arena Electricity Demand Consumption Analysis Analysis

In 2013 the facility consumed 1,346,416 kWh for an annual cost of $162,449. The energy intensity or BEPI of 21.71 kWh/ft2 is better than average for a facility of this type and can be partially attributed to the previous energy audit undertaken in 2008 and implemented in 2010 – 2011. Figure B.3 below identifies electricity consumption for the period 2010 – 2013.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million kWh)

1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure B.3 – Forest Glade Arena Electrical Usage

Table 4 below provides a summary of the recommended energy retrofit program for the refrigeration plant at the Forest Glade Arena.

Table 4 – Forest Glade Arena Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary

Forest Glade Arena ANNUAL SAVINGS ANNUAL COST SAVINGS PROJECT SIMPLE COST PAYBACK Electric Demand eCO Electric Maintenance Measure 2 [$] [years] [kWh] [kW] [tonnes] [$] [$]

Floating Head Pressure Control 31,230 0 7 3,723 0 29,032 7.8

Floating Head Pressure Control with New Condenser 108,888 139 24 12,979 0 105,940 8.2

Shell and Tube Chiller Replacement 52,903 0 12 6,306 0 184,269 29.2

Control System Upgrades 59,931 0 13 7,144 0 41,312 5.8

Evaporative Condenser Replacement 42,995 139 9 5,125 0 95,370 18.6

Reciprocating to Screw Compressors 0 0 0 0 11,232 106,848 9.5

Based on consultations with arena management and operational staff regarding the identified energy efficiency measures and the calculated energy savings, the measures identified as “Floating Head Pressure Control with New Condenser” and “Control System Upgrades” are recommended for implementation in 2014 – 2015. The balance of the energy reduction measures will be prioritized for the period 2016 – 2018.

Implementing the recommended prioritized measures identified in Table 4.1 below will result in the following savings and consumption reduction:

 Annual savings – $20,123 or 12.4% of 2013 electricity costs  Electricity savings – 168,819 kWh or 12.5% reduction based on 2013 consumption

 Annual eCO2 (GHG) emissions reduction – 37 tonnes

The net municipal cost of the measures will be $130,307 (including eligible incentives) with a simple payback period of 6.5 years.

Table 4.1 – Forest Glade Arena Energy Efficiency Prioritized Measures

Forest Glade Arena ANNUAL SAVINGS ANNUAL COST SAVINGS PROJECT SIMPLE COST PAYBACK Electric Demand eCO Electric Maintenance Measure 2 [$] [years] [kWh] [kW] [tonnes] [$] [$]

Floating Head Pressure Control with New Condenser 108,888 139 24 12,979 0 105,940 8.2

Control System Upgrades 59,931 0 13 7,144 0 41,312 5.8

C. South Windsor Arena

An energy audit of South Windsor Arena was undertaken by I.B. Storey Inc. in September 2013.

C.1 – Building Description

Address 2555 Pulford Street

Total Floor Area (ft2) 81,600

Storey Above Grade 1

Year Opened 1968 / 1995

The South Windsor Arena is a multi-use facility with two ice surfaces, kitchen facility and auditorium. The complex was constructed in 1968 with the second ice surface and auditorium added in 1995.

C.2 – Utility Overview

Based on the energy efficiency opportunities available with the ammonia refrigeration system a detailed engineering study was commissioned with a specific focus on the facility’s refrigeration plant. The ammonia refrigeration system was chosen for the study as it consumes a significant portion of electricity. The plant refrigeration system, including fans, pumps, and compressors consumes 50% of the annual electricity usage and accounts for 56% of the peak demand load as identified in Figure C.1 and C.2 below.

29% 36% 50% 44%

21% 20%

Figure C.1 – South Windsor Arena Electricity Figure C.2 – South Windsor Arena Electricity Demand Consumption Analysis Analysis

In 2013 the facility consumed 1,337,407 kWh with an annual cost of $156,756. The energy intensity or BEPI at 16.39 kWh/ft2 is better than average for a facility of this type and can be partially attributed to the previous energy audit undertaken in 2008 and implemented in 2010 – 2011. Figure C.3 below identifies electricity consumption for the period 2010 – 2013.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million kWh)

1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure C.3 - South Windsor Arena Electricity Usage

Table 5 below provides a summary of the recommended energy retrofit program for the refrigeration plant at South Windsor Arena.

Table 5 – South Windsor Arena Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary

South Windsor Arena ANNUAL SAVINGS ANNUAL COST SAVINGS PROJECT SIMPLE COST PAYBACK Electric Demand eCO Electric Maintenance Measure 2 [$] [years] [kWh] [kW] [tonnes] [$] [$]

Floating Head Pressure Control 45,855 0 10 5,576 0 29,032 7.8

Floating Head Pressure Control with New Condenser 120,760 139 27 15,539 0 105,940 8.2

Shell and Tube Chiller Replacement 64,185 0 14 7,805 0 184,269 29.2

Control System Upgrades 78,440 0 17 9,538 0 41,312 5.8

Evaporative Condenser Replacement 40,415 139 9 4,914 0 95,370 18.6

Reciprocating to Screw Compressors 0 0 0 0 9,700 106,848 9.5

Based on consultations with arena management and operational staff regarding the identified energy efficiency measures and the calculated energy saving, the measures identified as “Floating Head Pressure Control with New Condenser” and “Control System Upgrades” are recommended for implementation in 2014 – 2015. The balance of the energy reduction measures will be prioritized for the period 2016 – 2018.

Implementing the recommended prioritized measures identified in Table 5.1 below will result in the following savings and consumption reduction:

 Annual savings – $25,078 or 16% of 2013 electricity costs  Electricity savings – 199,110 kWh or 14.9% reduction based on 2013 consumption

 Annual eCO2 (GHG) emissions reduction – 44 tonnes

The net municipal cost of the measures will be $130,307 (including eligible incentives) with a simple payback period of 5.2 years.

Table 5.1 – South Windsor Arena Energy Efficiency Prioritized Measures

South Windsor Arena ANNUAL SAVINGS ANNUAL COST SAVINGS PROJECT SIMPLE COST PAYBACK Electric Demand eCO Electric Maintenance Measure 2 [$] [years] [kWh] [kW] [tonnes] [$] [$]

Floating Head Pressure Control with New Condenser 120,760 139 27 15,539 0 105,940 8.2

Control System Upgrades 78,440 0 17 9,538 0 41,312 5.8

D. Lanspeary Park Outdoor Rink

An arena refrigeration system audit was undertaken by I.B. Storey Inc. in March 2013.

Address 1250 Langlois Avenue

Total Floor Area (ft2) 21,925

Storey Above Grade 1

Year Opened 1950

D.1 – Facility Overview

The facility is comprised of a single pad outdoor rink, mechanical room and office originally constructed in 1956 with the plant retrofitted in 2000. The objective of the study was to establish the current condition of refrigeration plant, noting CSA and Technical Standards & Safety Authority (TSSA) compliance related issues. In addition energy efficiency and cost saving opportunities were identified.

D.2 – Utility Overview

In 2013 the facility consumed 203,721 kWh with an annual cost of $28,637. Figure D.1 below identifies electrical consumption for the period 2010 – 2013.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (thousand kWh)

250

200

150

100

0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure D.1 – Lanspeary Outdoor Rink Electricity Usage

Table 6 below provides a summary of the energy retrofit program for the refrigeration plant at Lanspeary Outdoor Rink.

Table 6 – Lanspeary Arena Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary

Lanspeary Outdoor Rink ANNUAL SAVINGS TOTAL PROJECT SIMPLE SAVINGS COST PAYBACK Fuel Electric Demand eCO Measure 2 [$] [$] [years] [kWh] [kWh] [kW] [tonnes]

Reciprocating Compressors to Screw Compressors 8,500 2 4,600 300,000 65.2

Shell and Tube Chiller to Plate and Shell 11,050 2 1,800 30,000 16.7

Floating Head Pressure 34,000 7 2,400 20,000 8.3

Evaporative Condenser to Induced Draft with VFD 21,000 30 5 1,800 60,000 33.3

Slab Sensor to IR Camera 5,100 1 400 12,000 30.0

Upgrade Controls 6,800 1 500 20,000 40.0

Condenser Pump Throttled 7,000 2 500 8,000 16.0

Notched Compressor Belts 10,200 2 700 3000 2.7

Desuperheater for Floodwater Preheat 50,000 9 1,000 20,000 20.0

T5 Fluorescent to LED 2,400 16 1 1,300 25,000 19.2

Based on costs and analysis of the simple payback period which is 34.3 years it was determined to postpone implementation of any of the identified measures. A further review and business case analysis will be undertaken in 2016.

E. Charles Clark Square Outdoor Rink

An arena refrigeration system audit was undertaken by I.B. Storey Inc. in March 2013.

Address 225 Chatham Street

Total Floor Area (ft2) 12,240

Storey Above Grade 1

Year Opened 2001

E.1 – Facility Overview

The facility is comprised of a single outdoor leisure skating surface, mechanical room and office/concession space constructed in 2000. The objective of the study was to establish the current condition of the refrigeration plant noting CSA and TSSA compliance related issues. In addition energy efficiency and cost saving opportunities were identified.

E.2 Utility Overview

In 2013 the facility consumed 228,626 kWh with an annual cost of $26,636. Figure E.1 below identifies electrical consumption for the period 2010 – 2013.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (thousand kWh)

300

250

200

150

100

0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure E.1 – Charles Clark Square Outdoor Rink Electricity Usage

Table 7 below provides a summary of the energy retrofit program for the refrigeration plant at Charles Clark Square.

Table 7 – Charles Clark Square Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary

Charles Clark Square Outdoor Rink ANNUAL SAVINGS TOTAL PROJECT SIMPLE SAVINGS COST PAYBACK Fuel Electric Demand eCO Measure 2 [$] [$] [years] [kWh] [kWh] [kW] [tonnes]

Reciprocating Compressors to Screw Compressors 15,000 3 3,100 250,000 80.6

Shell and Tube Chiller to Plate and Shell 19,500 4 2,400 30,000 12.5

Floating Head Pressure 60,000 13 4,200 20,000 4.8

Evaporative Condenser to Induced Draft with VFD 21,000 30 5 1,800 60,000 33.3

Slab Sensor to IR Camera 9,000 2 600 12,000 20.0

Upgrade Controls 12,000 3 800 20,000 25.0

Notched Compressor Belts 18,000 4 1,300 3,000 2.3

Desuperheater for Floodwater Preheat 35,000 6 700 20,000 28.6

Based on cost and analysis of the payback period the measures identified as “Floating Heading Pressure” and “Notched Compressor Belts” are recommended for implementation for 2014 – 2015. The balance of the energy reduction measures will be prioritized for the period 2016 – 2018.

Implementing the recommended prioritized measures identified in Table 7.1 below will result in the following savings and consumption reduction:

 Annual savings – $5,500 or 9.2% of 2013 electricity costs  Electricity savings – 78,000 kWh or 34% reduction based on 2013 consumption

 Annual eCO2 (GHG) emissions reduction – 17 tonnes

The net municipal cost of the measures will be $23,000 (including eligible incentives) with a simple payback period of 4.2 years.

Table 7.1 – Charles Clark Square Energy Efficiency Prioritized Measures

Charles Clark Square Outdoor Rink ANNUAL SAVINGS TOTAL PROJECT SIMPLE SAVINGS COST PAYBACK Fuel Electric Demand eCO Measure 2 [$] [$] [years] [kWh] [kWh] [kW] [tonnes]

Floating Head Pressure 60,000 13 4,200 20,000 4.8

Notched Compressor Belts 18,000 4 1,300 3,000 2.3

F. 400 City Hall Administrative Building

An energy audit was conducted by MCW Custom Energy Solutions Ltd. in May 2014.

F.1 – Building Description

400 City Hall Square Address East

Total Floor Area (ft2) 264,811

4 plus Mechanical Storey Above Grade Penthouse

Storey Below Grade 2 (Parking)

Year Opened 2006

400 City Hall Square E. is a four floors office complex occupied by a number of City of Windsor departments as well as employees of the Provincial and Federal Governments. Each office floor is approximately 39,000 square feet in size with the two below grade parking levels occupying 109,256 square feet of space.

F.2 – Utility Overview

The 400 City Hall building is one of six municipal buildings which is heated and cooled by a central district energy plant located at Caesars Windsor Casino. The plant is operated by a private sector third party company that also provides heating and cooling services to other downtown sites.

In 2013 the facility consumed 2,194,827 kWh of electricity, 18,649 cubic meters of natural gas, 2,097 MWH of thermal heating and cooling and 4,786 cubic meters of water. The combined annual utility expenditure is $358,921. The energy intensity or BEPI for 400 City Hall is 25.9 ekWh/ft2, which is better than average for a facility of this type and size. Figures F.1, F.2, and F.3 below identifies electricity, district heating and cooling, and water consumption for the period 2010 – 2013.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million kWh)

2.5

1.5

0.5

0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure F.1 – 400 City Hall Electricity Usage

Water Consumption 2010 - 2013 (m3)

7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure F.2 – 400 City Hall Water Usage

District Energy Consumption 2010 - 2013 (MWh) Cooling

Heating 1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure F.3 – 400 City Hall District Heating and Cooling Usage

The City of Windsor is participating in the Canada wide “Town Hall Challenge” campaign. This program compiles good practice design, retrofit and operational metrics for lighting, equipment, HVAC and other building systems to create a model building operating at 20 ekWh/ft2. Participating in the campaign exhibits a commitment to achieve the target of 20 ekWh/ft2 by 2015. The City of Windsor currently ranks fifth among reporting “Town Halls”.

The energy audit undertaken by MCW Energy Solutions Inc. (July 2014) will identify and recommend specific energy reduction measures. Based on benchmarking results the Town Hall Challenge methodology has tabulated some preliminary targets are described below in Table 8.

Table 8 – 400 City Hall Saving Opportunities

ENERGY TOTAL 400 City Hall Building SAVINGS SAVINGS

Electricity Consumption 342,000 kWh $47,840

Electricity Demand 30 kW $164

District Energy (Heating) 86 MWh $2,163

District Energy (Cooling) 131 MWh $5,247

Subject to the energy audit to be undertaken by MCW a prioritized measures program will be implemented in 2014 – 2015.

G. Capitol Theatre

An energy audit for the Capitol Theatre was undertaken by MCW Custom Energy Solutions Ltd. in October 2013.

G.1 – Building Description

121 University Address Avenue West

Total Floor Area (ft2) 55,000

Storey Above Grade 2

Storey Below Grade 1

Year Opened 1920

The Capitol Theatre is a performing arts venue acquired by the City of Windsor in 2011 and is now home of the Windsor Symphony Orchestra. The facility was constructed in 1920 and has undergone extensive renovations in the 1990’s. The theatre houses three performance auditoriums, several retail spaces, and the administrative offices of the Windsor Symphony Orchestra. The facility is currently undergoing a $1.8 million renovation program.

G.2 – Utility Overview

Electricity consumption data for the period 2011 – 2013 is identified in figure G.1 below. In 2013 the facility consumed 350,649 kWh of electricity, 81,989 cubic meters of natural gas and 1,860 cubic meters of water for a combined annual expenditure of $77,065.

Electricity Consumption 2011 - 2013 (thousands kWh)

160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2011 2012 2013

Figure G.1 – Capitol Theatre Electricity Usage

As depicted in Figure G.2 below historical natural gas data was not available prior to 2012.

Natural Gas Consumption 2012 - 2013 (thousand m3)

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2012 2013

Figure G.2 - Capitol Theatre Natural Gas Usage

Table 9 below provides a summary of the recommended energy retrofit program for the Capitol Theatre.

Table 9 – Capitol Theatre Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary

Capitol Theatre SAVINGS INCENTIVES

Total Electricity Annual Total Electricity Natural Total Measure Simple Demand Electricity eCO Measure Savings Consumption Gas 2 Incentives Cost Payback Peak/Month Demand [tonnes] [$] [kWh] [m³] [$] w/Incentives [years] [kW/kVa] [kW/kVa] [$] LIGHTING RETROFIT & REDESIGN 2,389 16,495 5 63 0 4 64,008 61,917 12.0

Lighting Retrofits & Redesign 596 3,980 1.4 17.1 - 1 10,479 9,907 16.6

Interior LED Lighting 1,292 8,790 2.9 35.4 - 2 51,945 50,766 39.3

Exterior LED Lighting 501 3,725 0.9 10.2 - 1 1584 1,244 2.5

MECHANICAL MODIFICATIONS 175 882 2 17,116 17,028 97.3

Instantaneous DHW Heating 175 - - - 882 2 17,116 17,028 97.3 BUILDING AUTOMATION 3,745 30,000 - - 2,500 10 1,750 7,155 1.9 CONTROLS Programmable Thermostats 1,281 10,000 - - 1,000 4 600 1,455 1.1

BAS Controller 2,464 20,000 - 1,500 6 1,150 5,700 2.3

BUILDING ENVELOPE UPGRADES 548 2,763 5 7672 7,396 13.5

Building Envelope Sealing 548 - - - 2,763 5 7672 7,396 13.5

Table 9.1 below identifies the priority measures to be implemented in 2014 – 2015. The balance of the energy reduction measures identified in Table 9 will be prioritized for the period 2016 – 2018.

Table 9.1 – Capitol Theatre Energy Efficiency Prioritized Measures

Total Savings Electrical Savings Natural Gas Savings Total Measure Cost Simple Payback Building Measure [$] [kWh] [m3] w/Incentive [years] Programmable $1,281 10,000 1,000 $1,455 1.1 Thermostats BAS Controller $2,464 20,000 1,500 $5,700 2.3

Total $3,745 30,000 2,500 $7,155 1.9

Implementing the measures identified above represents the following savings and consumption reductions:

 Annual savings – $3,745 or 5.4% of 2013 electricity and natural gas costs  Electricity savings – 30,000 kWh or 8.6% reduction based on 2013 data  Natural Gas savings – 2,500 cubic meters or 2.3% reduction based on 2013 data

 Annual eCO2 (GHG) emissions reduction – 10 tonnes

The net municipal cost of implementing the measures is $7,155 with a simple payback period of 1.9 years.

H. Little River Pollution Control Plant

An energy audit will be undertaken by Stantec Consulting in the summer of 2014.

H.1 – Building Description

Address 9400 Little River Road

Total Floor Area (ft2) 97,080

Storey Above Grade 1 - 2

Storey Below Grade 1 - 2

Year Opened 1965

H.2 – Utility Overview

The Little River Pollution Control Plant (LRPCP) is third largest energy user within the City building portfolio behind the Lou Romano Water Reclamation Plant and the WFCU Center. In 2013 the plant consumed 5,924,640 kWh of electricity, 11,536 cubic meters of natural gas and 14,706 cubic meters of water for a combined annual expenditure of $747,091. The energy intensity is based on effluent flow and it is 1.32 GJ/ML or 368 kWh/ML of treated water. Figures H.1, H.2, and H.3 below identifies electricity, natural gas, and water consumption for the period 2010 – 2013.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million kWh)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure H.1 – LRPCP Electricity Usage

Natural Gas Consumption 2010 - 2013 (m3)

140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure H.2 – LRPCP Natural Gas Usage

Water Consumption 2010 - 2013 (thousand m3)

0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure H.3 – LRPCP Water Usage

H.3 – Detailed Engineering Study

As part of the energy audit process a detailed engineering study will be conducted by Stantec Engineering in June 2014. This comprehensive study will investigate the plant’s major processing equipment and systems (i.e. pumps, motor, compressors, etc.) to identify energy saving opportunities and to provide support for future capital improvements/decisions. In addition the study will assist with securing major funding incentives and technical expertise through the provincial saveONenergy program.

H.4 – Motor Replacement

Currently, the City is planning to replace two 250 hp motors at LRPCP through the Retrofit program of OPA’s saveONenergy initiative. The equipment is in need of replacement due to the system’s age, increased maintenance requirements and obsolescence of replacement parts. The City will replace the existing pumps with more energy efficient motors including variable speed drive technologies.

Table 10 below outlines the estimated reduction electricity consumption and the corresponding cost savings.

Table 10 – LRPCP Motor Replacement Program

Existing Motors Efficient Motors Estimated Savings Project Cost Simple Payback Electricity Annual Electricity Annual Electricity Annual Energy Electricity Demand Savings [$] [years] Demand Consumption Consumption Savings Demand [kW] [kW] [kW] [kWh] [kWh] (kWh]

201.7 1,766,898 158.60 1,389,354 43.1 377,544 669,405 14.3

Installation of the two 250 hp motors represents the following savings and consumption reductions:

 Annual savings – $43,908 or 6.3% of 2013 electricity costs.  Electricity savings - 377,544 kWh or 6.4% reduction based on 2013 consumption.

 Annual CO2 (GHG)emission reduction – 83 tonnes 40

H.5 – Sub-Metering Pilot Project

A sub-metering pilot project will be undertaken at LRPCP in July 2014. Sub-meters are metering devices that monitor electricity, gas, water, steam and other utilities. Electrical sub-meters are installed to monitor systems/equipment i.e. pumps, motors, compressors, lighting, etc. that consume significant amounts of energy. This electricity usage data is typically transmitted every 15 minutes to an energy management software for analysis with the intent of identifying savings opportunities.

Traditionally utility bill analysis uses information that is simply outdated (up to 45 days after usage) and is too aggregated, (bill represents a 28-30 day period, not 15 minute intervals). Sub-metering addresses this information gap, providing real-time granular visibility of energy consumption. This information can be utilized to optimize the facility’s operations.

Benefits include:

 Identification of unnecessary equipment running at night, off shift or during weekends.  Ability to transmit information back to operators and facility managers the same day and provide operators with feedback the next day about implemented changes.  Comparison and benchmarking of usage across similar facilities and over time.  Detection of utility bill errors by comparing sub-meter usage with actual utility bill.  Better management of electricity usage when facility faces demand limits or peak usage pricing from the utility.

Table 11 below outlines the preliminary estimated reduction in electricity consumption and corresponding cost savings.

Table 11 – LRPCP Sub-Metering Program

Total Measure Cost with Building Measure Total Annual Savings/$ Electrical kWh Savings Simple Payback (years) Incentive 6 Sub-meters $46,520 400,000 kWh $50,000 1.1

Implementing a sub-metering program at LRPCP represents the following cost savings and consumption reductions:

 Annual savings – 46,520 or 6.7% of 2013 electricity costs  Electrical savings – 400,000 kWh or 6.8% reduction based on 2013 consumption.

 Annual CO2 (GHG) emissions reduction – 88 tonnes

The net municipal cost of this program is approximately $50,000 (including eligible incentives) with a simple payback period of 1.1 years.

I. Lou Romano Water Reclamation Plant – High Efficiency Turbo Blowers

I.1 – Building Description

4155 Ojibway Address Parkway

Total Floor Area (ft2) 36,845

Storey Above Grade 1 - 2

Storey Below Grade 1 - 2

Year Opened 1969

I.2 – Utility Overview and Project Background

Lou Romano Water Reclamation Plant (LRWRP) is the largest energy user within the City’s portfolio of buildings. In 2013 the plant consumed 17,471,484 kWh of electricity, 294,721 cubic meters of natural gas and 150,234 cubic meters of water for a combined annual expenditure of $2,364,824. Figures I.1, I.2, and I.3 below identify electricity, natural gas and water consumption for the period 2010 – 2013.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million kWh)

20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure I.1 – LRWRP Electricity Usage

Natural Gas Consumption 2010 - 2013 (thousand m3)

300

250

200

150

100

0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure I.2 – LRWRP Natural Gas Usage

Water Consumption 2010 - 2013 (thousand m3)

600

500

400

300

200

100

0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure I.3 – LRWRP Water Usage

The City engaged the services of Dillon Consulting Ltd. to conduct a detailed engineering study to evaluate the economics of adding two high efficiency turbo blowers which have demonstrated to generate potential energy savings of approximately 30%. The existing blowers were purchased in 2005 and still have significant amount of remaining life. Each of the existing blowers is equipped with 450 hp motors and in total consume 4.5 million kWh or approximately 27.5% of the annual electricity used at the plant. One of the objectives for replacing the existing blowers is to reduce the requirement of operating two existing blowers during periods of average demand with only one turbo blower, which has a significantly higher capacity range.

Table 12 below outlines the estimated reduction in electricity consumption and the corresponding cost savings data.

Table 12 – LRWRP Turbo Blowers Replacement Program

Total Savings Electrical Savings Incentive Total Measure Cost Simple Payback Building Measure [$] [kWh] with Incentive [Years]

Two Turbo Blowers $ 181,463 1,480,481 $304,725 $ 394,071 2.1

The turbo blower project installation completion date is June 2015.

Installing the two turbo blowers will result in the following savings and consumption reductions:

 Annual savings - $181,463  Electricity savings – 1,480,481 kWh based on 2012 costs

 Annual eCO2 (GHG) emission reduction – 327 tonnes

The net municipal cost of this measure will be $394,071 (including eligible incentives) with a simple payback of 2.1 years.

J. Intelligent Electronic Compressor Controller

Intelligent electronics compressor controllers will be installed on approximately 45 air conditioning units on designated City buildings in June 2014. Air conditioning is one of the largest energy consumers in both the residential and industrial sectors. Many existing air conditioning units use old and inefficient technology. Installing electronic control units add state of the art intelligence to air conditioning systems and improve their energy efficiency.

Typically air conditioning systems are usually dimensioned to cope with the extreme cooling demands of the few hottest days of the year. However in most operational conditions this maximum output is not required and the systems are oversized. Running an air conditioning unit until the thermostat switches it off means that the system operates with excess capacity most of the time.

When the cycle starts, the compressor pushes cooling energy into the heat exchanger which acts as an energy storage. At this stage the system works with high efficiency as compressors operate most efficiently when fully loaded. In normal weather conditions the energy storage is soon fully “charged up”, from this point onwards. The compressor provides more cooling than the heat exchanger can take up known as thermodynamic saturation. Running the compressor beyond this stage does not increase the cooling effect any more.

An electric compressor controller is designed to detect thermodynamic saturation and to optimize the compressor accordingly. When over-capacity is detected the controller switches the compressor off and avoids inefficient over cooling.

Table 13 below outlines the estimated reduction in electricity consumption and corresponding cost savings.

Table 13 - Intelligent Electronic Compressor Controller Program

Total Estimated Annual Estimated Electrical Savings Total Measure Cost with Simply Payback Building Measure Savings [kWh] Incentives [years] Electronic Compressor $13,720 100,000 $26,000 1.9 Controller – 45 units

Installing electronic control units will result in the following reduction in costs and consumption.

 Annual savings - $13,720  Electricity savings - 100,000 kWh

 Annual eCO2 (GHG) emissions reduction – 22 tonnes

The net municipal cost of the measure will be $26,000 (including eligible incentives) with a simple payback period of 1.9 years.

K. Transit Windsor Bus Garage / Administrative Offices

A preliminary engineering study was undertaken by MCW Custom Energy Solutions Ltd. in March 2014.

K.1 – Building Description

3700 E.C. Row, Address North Service Road

Total Floor Area (ft2) 132,800

Storey Above Grade 2

Storey Below Grade 0

Year Opened 1978

The Transit Windsor bus garage constructed in 1978 currently houses all city busses and is the primary maintenance and administrative facility for Transit Windsor. The facility is approximately 132,800 square feet and is compartmentalized into four main areas:

 Bus storage  Maintenance and repair shop  Bus cleaning and wash area  Administration office

K.2 – Utility Overview

In 2013 the facility consumed 1,445,437 kWh of electricity, 497,019 cubic meters of natural gas and 6,659 cubic meters of water with an annual utility cost of $289,442. The energy intensity or BEPI is 11.26 kWh/ft2 for electricity and 35.44 ekWh/ft2 for natural gas. Figures K.1, K.2, and K.3 below identify electricity, natural gas, and water consumption for the period 2010 – 2013.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million kWh)

1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure K.1 – Transit Windsor Electricity Usage

Natural Gas Consumption 2010 - 2013 (thousand m3)

500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure K.2 – Transit Windsor Natural Gas Usage

Water Consumption 2010 - 2013 (thousand m3)

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure K.3 - Transit Windsor Water Usage

The preliminary engineering study undertaken by MCW Energy Solutions Inc., identified and investigated project opportunities, provided an estimate of energy savings, and associated costs.

Based on the amount of energy savings identified, Administration determined that a detailed engineering study (DES) would be undertaken in order to provide a more comprehensive energy consumption analysis.

Table 14 – Transit Windsor Energy Efficiency Measures

Annual Electricity Transit Windsor Annual Savings PROJECT COST SIMPLE PAYBACK Savings [$] [$] [years] Measure (kWh]

Make-up Air and Exhaust Fans Replacement 16,904 120,745 756,966 45 NOₓ and CO Detection Systems

L. Embedded Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Plant at WFCU Center

The City of Windsor is considering the installation of a CHP plant at the WFCU Center. CHP systems also known as Co-generation produce electricity and heat from a single source – natural gas. The electricity generated is utilized for onsite power requirements while the heat produced in the process is recovered for the thermal needs of the facility. The cost of the proposed system is approximately $2 million. The Ontario Power Authority (OPA) will provide subsides of 40% of the capital project costs.

The City recently issued an RFQ and has selected CEM Engineering to undertake a detailed engineering study (DES) in accordance with OPA’s saveONenergy PSUI (processed system upgrade initiative).

The purpose of the DES is to evaluate the feasibility of the CHP as a sustainable energy project and to attract financial incentives of approximately $800,000 from the OPA program.

As noted in Section 4, subsection A.2, the WFCU Center in 2013 consumed approximately 8 million kWh of electricity and 885,000 cubic meters of natural gas at a cost of $1,114,000. The cost of an 800 kW CHP system is 47 approximately $2 million with available incentives of $800,000 results in a net City cost of $1.2 million and a simple payback period of approximately 2.5 years.

Table 15 below outlines the estimated reduction in electricity consumption and corresponding cost savings.

Table 15 – WFCU Centre CHP Program

Electrical Savings Total Measure Cost with Simply Payback Building Measure Total Savings [kWh] Incentives [years] CHP system $477,102 * 6,900,000 $1,200,000 2.5 * Based on 2013 data and net of operating costs after CHP implementation

Implementing a CHP system represents the following savings and consumption reduction:

 Annual savings $477,102  Electricity savings – 6.9 million kWh or 86% reduction based on 2013 data  CHP plant will produce the equivalent energy of 600,000 cubic meters or 68% of 2013 natural gas usage

The net municipal cost of implementing CHP system at WFCU is approximately $1.2 million with a simple payback period of 2.5 years.

Below it is a representation of a CHP unit.

M. Embedded CHP Plant at Huron Lodge Long Term Care Facility

The City of Windsor is also considering the installation of a CHP plant at Huron Lodge. An RFP was recently issued and CEM Engineering was selected to undertake a DES. The DES will evaluate the feasibility of a CHP plant as a sustainable energy project to attract financial incentives from the OPA program.

Huron Lodge is a long-term care facility with 224 resident beds. Each floor is 40,000 square feet in size and accommodates approximately 50 resident living quarters, 2 dining areas, 2 serving areas, and a connected pantry. The main kitchen is located on the first floor while the basement contains the laundry facilities.

M.1 – Building Description

Address 1881 Cabana Road

Total Floor Area (ft2) 176,528

Storey Above Grade 4

Storey Below Grade 1

Year Opened 2006

M.2 – Utility Overview

Huron Lodge is a significant energy user within the city’s building inventory and is the second highest consumer of natural gas. In 2013 the facility consumed 3,258,665 kWh of electricity, 564,420 cubic meters of natural gas, and 30,037 cubic meters of water for a combined annual expenditure of $567,291. Figures M.1, M.2, and M.3 below identify electricity, natural gas and water consumption for the period 2010 – 2013.

The energy intensity or BEPI is at 18.5 kWh/ft2 for electricity and 34 ekWh/ft2 for natural gas.

Electricity Consumption 2010 - 2013 (million kWh)

3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure M.1 – Huron Lodge Electricity Usage

Natural Gas Consumption 2010 - 2013 (thousand m3)

600

500

400

300

200

100

0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure M.2 – Huron Lodge Natural Gas Usage

Water Consumption 2010 - 2013 (thousand m3)

35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure M.3 – Huron Lodge Water Usage

Table 16 below outlines the preliminary estimated reduction in electricity consumption and corresponding cost savings.

Table 16 – Huron Lodge CHP Program

Electrical Savings Total Measure Cost with Building Measure Total Savings Simply Payback [years] [kWh] Incentives CHP System $220,000 2,070,000 $840,000 3.8

Implementing a CHP system represents the following projected savings and consumption reductions:

 Annual savings $220,000  Electricity savings - 2,070,000 kWh or 65% reduction based on 2013 data

The net municipal cost of implementing a CHP system at Huron Lodge is estimated at $840,000 with a simple payback period of 3.8 years.

N. Huron Lodge Long Term Care Facility Energy Audit

A preliminary energy audit will be undertaken at Huron Lodge by Health Care Energy Leaders – Ontario (HELO) in June 2014. The OPA has partnered with HELO to provide assistance with consumption audits, energy efficiency opportunities, preparation of business case content to help health care administrators with project formulation and execution.

The investigation phase will involve an in depth understanding of the building systems with operational and functional data to be collected to document baseline operation conditions. A complete list of measures will be developed to identify potential energy efficiency opportunities.

While the energy audit is yet to be completed administration is targeting an estimated 8% electricity and 10% natural gas reduction.

Table 17 below outlines a preliminary estimation of electricity and natural gas consumption reduction and corresponding cost savings.

Table 17 – Huron Lodge Energy Efficiency Measures Program

Electrical Savings Natural Gas Total Measure Cost Simply Payback Building Measure Total Savings [kWh] [m3] with Incentives [years] TBA $44,445 260,693 56,400 TBA TBA

O. Municipal Storm and Sanitary Pumping Stations

A review of the energy consumption efficiency of the City’s 43 sanitary and storm pumping stations is under consideration. The pump stations consume approximately 2.3 million kWh annually at a cost of $253,000. In addition to the energy consumption a preliminary review has noted some stations experiencing a high inductive load. This means the power factor which ideally should register between 1.0 and 0.9 is too low. If the power factor is below 0.9, the City is paying a premium for the kilowatt (kW) component of the monthly electricity bill. Installation of capacitors and / or installing variable frequency drives (VFD’S) will increase the power factor and reduce costs. Dillon consulting has been engaged to provide a scope of work and associated costs with undertaking this project.

Table 18 below outlines a preliminary estimation of electricity consumption and corresponding cost savings.

Table 18 – Pumping Stations Energy Efficiency Measures Program Summary

Electrical Savings Total Measure Cost with Simply Payback Building Measure Total Savings [kWh] Incentives [years] Power Factor correction / $23,920 184,000 TBA TBA VFD’s

Below it is depicted one of the City’s 43 pump stations.

P. Streetlight City Wide LED Conversion

The City is converting its 23,533 existing high pressure sodium (HPS) streetlights to LED lamps. The expected annual electricity savings is approximately 29%, in addition re-lamping will occur every 15 years compared to the current 5 years resulting in reduced maintenance cost of approximately 50%. The expenditure of approximately $14.3 million to convert to LED lamps is projected to save $36.5 million over the expected 15 year life of the LED lamp. Other benefits of conversion to LED streetlights include:

 Major reduction in the City’s carbon footprint  Increased vehicular and pedestrian safety through better visibility, object recognition and colour rendition  LED fixtures are certified by the International Dark Sky Association (IDA) as dark sky friendly, thus eliminating obtrusive sky glow for street lights  Assist in satisfying the goals and recommendations outlined in the City’s Environmental Master Plan and City’s Strategic Community Plan

Table 19 below outlines a summary estimation of electricity consumption reduction and corresponding cost savings.

Table 19 – Streetlights Energy Efficiency Measures Program

STREETLIGHTS SAVINGS

Annual Energy Savings Maintenance eCO Project Cost with Simple Payback Measure Annual Savings 2 [kWh] Cost [tonnes] Incentive [years] Streetlight conversion to LED $1,014,000 5.22 million $913,333 1,160 $13.8 million 7.2 lamps

Implementing the city-wide streetlight conversion to LED lamps will result in the following saving and consumption reductions.

 Annual electricity savings - $1,014,000 or 29% of 2013 electricity costs  Electricity savings 5,220,000 kWh or 29% reduction based on 2013 streetlight consumption  Annual maintenance cost savings - $913,333 reduction

 Annual eCO2 (GHG) emissions reduction 1,160 tonnes

The net municipal cost of the measure will be $13.8 million (including eligible incentives) with a simple payback of 7.2 years.

4.4 Behavioural Measures

4.4.1 Energy Awareness and Education Campaign

Introduction

In 2013 the City spent $14.6 million on energy and water consumption. This consumption is equivalent to 140 million kWh and 0.5 million cubic meters of water; sufficient energy to cool and heat 5,000 homes.

Benefits of efficient energy management at municipal facilities include:

 Saves taxpayers money  Reduces greenhouse gas emissions  Protects the environment and natural resources; and  Contributes to the preservation of energy security at national level

To become truly energy-efficient, the City must make basic changes in the way the employees behave, in the technologies adopted and in the internal policies and procedures. No single change can deliver maximum savings. Benefits are maximized when a combination of behavioural, technological, and organizational changes are implemented simultaneously with support from senior management.

While efforts to adopt energy-efficient equipment, maintenance and operational practices can be challenging, it is a much more difficult challenge to establish energy efficiency as a fundamental value. People tend to take energy for granted, and many are unaware of the opportunities they have to reduce energy use. Some may claim to support energy efficiency, but do not commit themselves in changing their behaviour. Increasing people’s awareness toward energy use is therefore important to ensure the success of the energy efficiency initiatives and should be part of the energy management plan.

Energy Awareness Campaign Objectives

A well designed Awareness Campaign would support and strengthen the energy conservation objectives of the City. The Awareness Campaign will incorporate the following objectives:

 Increase the employees’ understanding of energy efficiency and explain the City’s objectives toward energy savings  Create the link between the individual actions and behaviour of employees and potential energy use and savings  Motivate the employees to modify their behaviour towards energy consumption  Improve City’s operations and increase employees productivity and morale  Reduce energy consumption and save money  Increase City’s reputation and serve as a positive model  Transfer the behaviours learned in the workplace to the home and community

Coupled with an effective energy management plan, an awareness campaign is a non-expensive and relatively easy to implement opportunity for the City to lower consumption and energy costs. Conscientious use of energy would potentially bring significant energy savings in the range of 5-10%. A 5% reduction in energy consumption would equate to approximately 4 million kWh of electricity, 220,000 cubic meters of natural gas, 775 MWh district heating and cooling and 35,000 cubic meters of potable water, resulting in potential annual savings of $750,000.

Design and Implementation

The awareness campaign will be implemented as follows:

 Assembling the Players o Obtaining Senior Management commitment o Assembling a working “Energy Champions” team  Establishing Baselines o Establishing a baseline of energy consumption o Establishing a baseline of energy efficiency awareness (survey/questionnaire)  Formulating Objectives o Supporting the energy saving objectives o Establishing awareness and communication objectives  Developing a Communications Plan o Identifying communication tools (dashboard, emails, posters, social media) o Confirming target audiences o Anticipating challenges o Developing messages (“Kill-A-Watt”, “Watt’s the problem? Turn it off!”, “It makes cents to turn it off”, “You’ve got the power to save energy!”)

 Implementing the Awareness Campaign (starting April 2014) o No / low cost actions (dashboard messages, emails, City Circuit newsletter, social media, stickers) o Meetings, brown bag lunches, and seminars o Actions requiring some budget (posters, video-messages, calendars and other promotion materials)  Program Evaluation  Monitoring and Reporting  Following Through o Reinforcing the message o Adapting the approach o Sharing success

4.5 Organizational Measures

4.5.1 Introduction

At the organizational level commitment from Council and senior administration will demonstrate leadership and commitment required to ensure the realization of the Energy Management Plan by all of the corporation’s energy consumers. City employees play a key role in the efficient use of energy which cannot be overstated and which further underscores the proposition that harnessing administrative and political support will greatly assist in developing a corporate culture of energy conservation.

4.5.2 Background

The Corporation’s Energy Initiative unit was approved by Council in 2010 and forms part of the Asset Planning Division. It is comprised of:

 Manager of Energy Initiatives  Supervisor of Energy Contracts (Temporary full time)  Energy Support Clerk

The mandate of Corporate Energy Initiatives is as follows:

“To promote and implement cost effective energy efficient products, services and programs that reduce corporate consumption of electricity, natural gas, and water”.

City Council has also been supportive by the following actions:

a) Community Strategic Plan

The City of Windsor’s Community Strategic Plan was officially adopted by Council in 2007. The Plan offers a strategic road map for the community through community participation and sustainable development. “Our Environment: Clean and Efficient”, one of the four pillars of the Plan identifies energy conservation as a community objective.

Our Environment: Clean and Efficient Community Objectives: Conserve Energy – Be an energy-efficient community

b) Environmental Master Plan

The Environmental Master Plan was developed in 2006 in accordance with the goals and objectives established in the Official Plan and the Corporation’s Community Strategic Plan. One of the key objectives of the Environmental Master Plan identifies the need for development and implementation of a corporate energy management plan.

Goals: Use Resources Efficiently To increase resource efficiency, conserve water and energy and reduce waste. Objective D: Establish a Corporate Energy Management Plan

4.5.3 Embedded Energy Manager – OPA saveONenergy Process and Systems Initiative

The City of Windsor in cooperation with EnWin Utilities Ltd. hired an Embedded Energy Manager (EEM) in May 2013 through the Ontario Power Authority (OPA) saveONenergy for Business Process and Systems Initiative. This position is 80% funded by the OPA until Dec. 31, 2015 and offers the City the opportunity to employ a full- time dedicated staff to help manage energy related initiatives.

The core function of the EEM is to identify, assess, report and implement energy savings opportunities within the corporation’s building/facility portfolio and other related assets.

Duties and responsibilities include the following:

 Report to the Manager of Energy Initiatives or designate  Review existing reports/data and undertake a primary assessment of City sites with a focus on major energy users to identify savings opportunities and identify operations/systems that will require more detailed analysis  Provide a database and an energy tracking and monitoring system for each facility/process that captures monthly consumption and electrical load inventory of major equipment.  Develop and deliver training to City staff on the energy tracking and monitoring system  Review control systems, operating schedules and maintenance practices at each facility to identify operational savings  Develop maintenance practices and programs to enhance energy efficiency  Develop and recommend an energy saving opportunities action plan that includes capital improvement projects as well as operational and maintenance changes  Co-ordinate the implementation of energy saving projects including planning, and budgeting with service providers  Assist with development of a corporate wide measurement and verification system  Implement a employee training and awareness program that promotes energy efficiency initiatives undertaken  Assist with fostering a sustainable energy management culture within the corporation  Co-ordinate and assist with site inspections by Utilities and Ontario Power Authority to review projects and related information  Prepare quarterly reports

The saving targets include implementation of 0.3 MW of peak demand savings and 1.285 MWh in energy savings each year for the period 2013 – 2015. In addition 33% of the prescribed savings target must be achieved without third party incentives.

The EEM program requires quarterly reports and to be filed with the OPA. These reports provide a status update as to the activity levels and savings opportunities resulting from the EEM initiative.

4.5.4 Corporate Energy Champions

The Energy Initiatives unit established a team of corporate operational stakeholders having direct responsibility in the consumption of energy within their respective jurisdictions/workplaces. The team “Corporate Energy Champions” mandate is to ensure the efficient use of energy is a priority within their respective operation and throughout the municipal work place.

The Corporate Energy Champions meet monthly with the following objectives:

 Promote, support and assist with the implementation of a broad range of energy consumption reduction measures as identified in the Energy Management Plan.  Integrate best practices into daily operations where applicable  Provide a forum for cross pollination of ideas and energy management strategies that benefit the Corporation  Assist with the execution of the corporation’s energy education and awareness campaign.

Section 5 Renewable Energy

5.0 Renewable Energy

5.1 Windsor International Aquatic and Training Centre – 350 kW Photovoltaic System

5.1.1 Building Description

The Windsor International Aquatic and Training Centre (WIATC) is the City of Windsor’s brand new state of the art competitive pool and indoor water park facility. The natatorium is comprised of a 71 meter x 25 meter 10 lane pool featuring two moveable bulkheads that allow for multiple configurations to fit the ideal length for any swim competition or community use. The pool varies from 2 m to 5.2 m in depth and also features a moveable floor which allows for shallower depths and greater accommodation for community programming. The diving well is comprised of a dive tower with five platforms ranging in height from 1 m to 10 m and 2 springboard platforms.

Adventure Bay is a family oriented water theme park and features multiple slides, wave pool, lazy river, water play zone and other water amusement related amenities.

The WIATC is comprised of a natatorium and water amusement park having a building footprint of approximately 116,000 square feet. The mezzanine area occupying administrative offices and public viewing space is 30,000 square feet with the basement encompassing 31,000 square feet. The facility is one of six municipal buildings heated and cooled by District Energy.

Address 401 Pitt Street West

Total Floor Area (ft2) 176,280

1 (plus mezzanine) Storey Above Grade 45 ft. ceiling height

Storey Below Grade 1

Year Opened 2013

5.1.2 Utility Overview

The facility partially opened (natatorium) in August 2013 for the International Children’s Games and the Adventure Bay water park opened to the public in December 2013. While complete utility profile is not available at the writing of this Plan, an analysis of the first 8 months of operation indicate a monthly consumption trend of approximately 692 MWh of combined heating and cooling. The first quarter of 2014 electricity consumption averaged 573,000 kWh monthly.

5.1.3 350 kW Roof Mounted Photovoltaic System

In September 2013 the City executed a Feed-In-Tariff (FIT) contract with the Ontario Power Authority (OPA) permitting the installation of a PV system of up to 350 kW in size to be located on the roof of the Windsor International Aquatic and Training Centre. Under FIT 2.1, the City will receive a rate of $0.539 per kilowatt hour of electricity generated for a 20 year term.

The system size is 350 kW AC (419.6 kW DC) and is comprised of 1554, 270 W mono-crystalline modules. The installation angle is 20 degrees allowing for approximately 18 inches of clearance below the panels on the high end. Projected energy output is estimated at 501 MWh for the first year and an estimated 9,558 MWh over the 20 year life of the OPA contract. Field losses for wiring are calculated below 2%, soiling losses of 2% in December, 6% in January and February and 2% in March have been added to give a conservative yield projection. Annual solar panel degradation has been factored at 0.75%.

Construction will begin in the spring 2014 with a commercial operation date of February 19, 2015.

5.2 OPA FIT 3.0 Applications

The City has made PV applications for four additional sites under FIT 3.0 and has recently been advised that three facilities have met the completeness and eligibility requirements under OPA FIT rules.

The sites are:

 WFCU Centre – 500 kW  Transit Windsor / Bus Garage – 500 kW  Forest Glade Arena – 250 kW

These applications will now move forward to be assessed for connection / distribution availability with an anticipated July 2014 response from OPA.

Section 6 Energy Management Plan Implementation

6.0 Energy Management Plan Implementation

6.1 Objective

The Energy Management Plan identifies a roadmap that provides direction to support the City of Windsor towards achieving its vision, goals and objectives over the life of the five-year plan 2014 – 2018. The Plan is intended to be living document that is flexible, creative yet simple to execute and serves as the fundamental cornerstone for the City’s successful energy management. Outcomes will include the development of new policies, procedures, processes and acquiring broader energy management knowledge corporately.

The intent of the EMP is to prepare a document that is going to be used by our municipality to better manage energy use, to reduce energy consumption and to demonstrate leadership in our community.

6.2 Prioritization of Energy Measures

The measurers being developed will not be of equal importance or immediately implemented. It will be necessary to prioritize the measures in order to make an informed decision as to which ones to implement first.

Measures with clearly define costs and savings will be prioritized according to their simple payback period. Other measures that do not have clearly defined costs and savings will be prioritized based on considerations such as importance, ease of implementation, and availability of lead department.

Table 20 below identifies the various energy improvements, programs and initiatives that will be implemented during the period 2014 – 2018. A schedule for completing the prioritized measures will be established with an assignment of the year the measure is anticipated to be operational.

Table 20 – Summary of Prioritized Energy Efficiency Measures 2014 – 2015

GHG Projected Annual Savings Simple Payback Facility / Location Energy Initiative Description Net Cost Reduction Completion Date Electricity [kWh] Natural Gas [m3] [tonnes] [years] Little River Pollution Control Plant Sewage Pumps Motors Replacement Summer 2014 $43,908 377,544 83 14.3

400 City Hall Building Energy Audit August 2014 TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA Multiple Facilities Intelligent Electronic Compressor Controller Autumn 2014 $13,720 100,000 22 1.9

Lighting Retrofit & Controls, Ice Plant WFCU Controls & Heat Recovery, Variable Flow October 2014 $374,540 567,279 144,159 376 4.5 Pumping, and Building Controls Lou Romano Water Reclamation Plant Turbo Blowers Installation February 2015 $181,463 1,480,481 327 2.1

Floating Head Pressure Control with New Forest Glade Arena April 2015 $130,307 168,819 37 6.5 Condenser and Control System Upgrades Floating Head Pressure Control with New South Windsor Arena April 2015 $130,308 199,110 44 6.5 Condenser and Control System Upgrades Floating Head Pressure Control and Charles Clark Rink 2015 $23,000 78,000 18 4.2 Compressor Belt Capitol Theatre Control Upgrades 2015 $7,155 30,000 25,000 7 Transit Windsor Detection Systems Replacement 2015 $61,400 100,000 22 TBA

WFCU Centre Embedded Combined Heat and Power December 2015 $1,200,00 6,900,000 TBA 2.5

Huron Lodge Embedded Combined Heat and Power TBD 840,000 2,070,000 TBA TBA

Huron Lodge Building Controls 2016 $30,345 260,693 56,000 79

Efficiency Improvement, VFDs, Power Pumping Stations 2016 - 2019 TBA 184,000 56 TBA Factor Correction Streetlights Streetlight City Wide LED Conversion TBD $14,225,000 5,220,000 1580

WIATC 350 kW PV System Early 2015 $1,124,289 501,000

City Wide Energy Awareness Campaign 2014 / 2015 TBA 1,300,000 74,000 392

Little River Pollution Control Plant Energy Audit Early 2015 TBA TBA TBA TBA

Little River Pollution Control Plant Pilot sub-metering project 2015 $50,000 400,000 88 1.1

Lanspeary Ice Rink Refrigeration Plant Modifications 2016 $515,000 156,000 32 34.3

LED Lighting, Mechanical Measures, WFCU 2016 - 2018 $282,743 124,120 24,585 81 12.6 Building Envelope Compressor, Chiller and Condenser Forest Glade Arena 2016 - 2018 $386,487 95,898 21 17.1 Replacement Compressor, Chiller and Condenser South Windsor Arena 2016 - 2018 $386,487 104,600 23 17.2 Replacement Charles Clark Ice Rink Refrigeration Plant Modifications 2016 - 2018 $392,000 111,500 23 41.7

Capitol Theatre Lighting and Mechanical Modifications 2016 - 2018

Transit Windsor HVAC Upgrade 2016 - 2018 $756,966 120,745

Section 7 Monitoring and Evaluation

7.0 Monitoring and Evaluation

7.1 Plan Review and Monitoring

Continuous monitoring, verification and reporting is an integral part of energy management and a necessary tool to track consumption, cost savings / cost avoidance resulting from the implemented projects. Incorporating a monitoring/evaluation process will provide gateways to help better understand how energy consumption might be further reduced.

7.1.1 Monitoring, Verification and Reporting

While Ontario regulation 397/11 requires that municipalities report on the results of their respective plan at the end of the 5 year planning period, Asset Planning/Energy Initiatives division will be providing City Council an annual update commencing in July 2015.

As part of the Plan the various, projects / measures as they become operational will be regularly monitored and reviewed annually to document energy consumption and cost savings. The monitoring process will include updates to the departments affected by the implementation of the projects/measures. By regularly reporting consumption and cost savings and / or avoidance to departments, staff will become aware of the outcomes of their participation in energy management initiatives, resulting in constructive feedback and additional energy saving ideas and opportunities.

The annual report will provide the following information:

 Annual energy consumption with historical comparisons  A updated description of current, new, and proposed measures contributing to the conservation, energy reduction and managing demand for energy  A revised forecast of expected results of current and proposed measures  An update of actual results achieved to-date  A description of any proposed changes to be made to assist the City in achieving established targets and forecasts

7.2 Energy Data Management

To efficiently manage energy use requires effective monitoring systems that provide accurate feedback, ideally in real time. The ability to analyze useful data will serve to reinforce the concept that energy while a constant is a variable cost. Making individuals accountable and empowering them with the tools to better control energy use is fundamental and stresses the importance of engaging people in the development and execution of an energy management plan.

As previously stated it is important to develop a corporate wide understanding of energy consumption and costs. An essential set of tools to achieve this would involve a comprehensive metering and sub-metering program and an energy management information system.

The ability to analyze in real time requires real time consumption data to be collected by an energy management information system (EMIS). This allows facility staff and energy administrators to react and respond to operational abnormalities, market conditions in terms of peak pricing and other “troubleshooting” matters that often arise within a corporation that has multiple sites and is a large user of energy.

Real time data analysis provides several benefits that include:

 Quick response time to poor operational performance  Better understanding of larger facilities, i.e. water treatment plants, WFCU Center, 400 City Hall  Better monitoring and setting of consumption reduction targets  Assist with budget preparation

The key objective of energy data management is to identify energy efficiency opportunities, reduce consumption, better manage costs and ultimately support a culture of energy conservation. The addition of an EMIS will dramatically improve both analytical capabilities and the ability to identify energy efficiency opportunities.

Currently the City is undertaking a business assessment for an enterprise wide utility management process. Once completed this business process review will lead to a number of recommendations including the integration of an energy management system with current and future BAS and metering systems.

7.3 Building Automation Systems

The Corporation currently has several types of building automation systems (BAS) in a number of its facilities. A BAS represents another tool that assists operational and administrative staff to optimize the day to day management of a facility. The ability to integrate buildings systems that include heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), lighting, security and energy data management information is essential and provides for a comprehensive enterprise wide energy management program.

This EMP recommends a complete integration of building automation and where prudent installation of new systems, upgrades and required improvements across the corporation’s building portfolio.

Section 8 Appendices

Appendix A

City of Windsor 2011 Consumption Data as per Ontario Regulation 397/11

Appendix B

City of Windsor 2012 Consumption Data as per Ontario Regulation 397/11

(Intentionally blank - to be inputted by July 1st, 2014)

Appendix C

2010 – 2012 Energy Efficiency Retrofit Program - As Built Program by Measure

Appendix D

2010 – 2012 Energy Efficiency Retrofit Program - As Built Program by Building