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Early Summer 2008

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Early Summer 2008 GMS NEWS Week 18 – Early Summer 2008 Pale Prominent – Jean Southworth Introduction: Here’s the second newsletter for 2008 for the Garden Moth Scheme (GMS). Have we built on our recording successes reported in the Spring Newsletter? How has the year progressed for our common moths? Has this been the worst early summer ever or have things improved on 2007’s worryingly low numbers? To those of you still quite new in the GMS then do get in touch with me, or your area coordinator, if you need any help with the GMS, such as how to fill in your forms, identification help or help with your trap. We will try and help you out. No-one needs to send their 2008 records in until November, but any records sent in early help us to produce a newsletter with each set of records. As each year of the GMS consists of 36 weeks then we ask people to try to send in their records after week 9 (end of April), week 18 (end of June) and week 27 (end of August). So the more records that you send in then the more news we can get in the newsletter. The next newsletter is due out in early October. We welcome contributions from all GMS recorders and especially the experiences of people new in the scheme or new into moths. So if you have any ideas then get them in to me as soon as possible after the end of August and by September 19th at the latest. 1 So, What’s the News from early Summer 2008? We’ve had records back from an excellent total of 138 gardens for this period (slightly down on the 145 returns for Spring, but still a good total and a huge increase on the 72 returns for this time last year!) Well done to everyone who sent them in. Garden moth-trappers and field moth-trappers seem to be telling a mixed story for moths this year. Some people say that 2008 is the worst year ever while others say things have improved. A more measured look at all of this seems to indicate that poor sites and poorer gardens for moths have shown further declines on top of 2007’s poor year, while quality sites and gardens seem to have experienced something of a recovery. Heart and Dart – Dave Grundy The following tables show the top 10 commonest species in the UK as shown by records sent in by you and as usual Heart and Dart is well ahead of all the other species for early summer, but how well did it perform? The Ten Commonest UK Garden Moths 138 Gardens Position Common Name Total Average per moths Garden 1 Heart and Dart 5592 40.52 2 Flame Shoulder 1530 11.09 3 Light Brown Apple Moth 1381 10.01 4 Large Yellow Underwing 1322 9.58 5 Dark Arches 1095 7.93 6 Flame 843 6.11 7 Brimstone 840 6.09 8 Shuttle-shaped Dart 824 5.97 9 Buff Ermine 795 5.76 10 Common Marbled Carpet 660 4.78 2 The third column shows the total number of moths recorded by all 138 gardens in this period. The fourth column shows the average number of moths recorded per garden. It is also interesting to compare these 10 species for the different GMS areas as shown below: Average Numbers Recorded per Garden of Ten Commonest UK Species, Early Summer 2008 YH WM SW SE SC NW NE EM EE CY Common Name 4 39 12 22 3 7 4 5 16 26 1 Heart and Dart 18.75 40.18 31.75 55.27 19.00 40.71 14.75 59.40 32.19 43.85 2 Flame Shoulder 3.00 8.44 17.58 11.50 3.00 8.00 .25 10.80 18.19 12.08 3 Light Brown Apple 4.00 11.51 14.17 20.05 n/a 4.00 15.75 11.40 6.13 2.27 Moth 4 Large Yellow 10.50 6.82 7.17 10.05 16.67 12.00 2.50 9.40 11.56 12.73 Underwing 5 Dark Arches 5.25 5.15 3.42 17.77 7.67 11.14 2.25 11.80 6.50 6.46 6 Flame 2.50 5.15 8.08 5.91 1.67 6.00 n/a 11.00 8.69 6.31 7 Brimstone 4.00 6.87 9.00 7.45 6.00 8.29 4.50 7.60 3.94 3.42 8 Shuttle-shaped Dart 2.75 4.59 9.83 11.59 n/a 3.43 2.25 7.40 9.56 1.46 9 Buff Ermine 1.75 4.13 8.33 3.23 0.00 12.29 0.25 4.20 10.13 7.15 10 Common Marbled 0.75 4.97 11.83 8.09 0.67 4.14 0.25 3.60 1.13 2.88 Carpet In the table above; YH = Yorkshire & Humberside, WM = West Midlands, SW = SW England, SE = SE England, SC = Scotland, NW = NW England, NE = NE England, EM = East Midlands, EE = East of England, CY = Cymru or Wales. The figures in the third row are the total number of gardens that sent in records for each area (e.g. 4 for Yorkshire & Humberside and 39 for West Midlands) Other figures in the table are the average number of moths recorded for each species and each area. Figures for East Midlands, NW & NE England, Yorkshire & Humberside and Scotland are relatively small samples and therefore possibly not representative of the whole area. n/a means that records for this species are not available for this area. For most areas the top ten species are roughly the same as for the national statistics, but there are variations. Most of these species are considered common across the UK, so it is interesting to see just how much their numbers vary between areas. Our statistics are possibly showing up these variations in distribution for the first time and that is thanks to your records. For instance, Heart and Dart is less common in Yorkshire & Humberside, NE England and Scotland, while peak numbers were from the East Midlands and SE England. Shuttle-shaped Dart is commoner in SE England, but scarce in Wales, Scotland and Northern England. Buff Ermine and Common Marbled Carpet have a slightly different pattern being scarce in Scotland and NE England. I reported in the Spring Newsletter that ‘one unlucky moth trapper managed an empty trap every week in 2008 with his Heath trap’. His patience with keeping trapping has been rewarded as he has now recorded 2 Spinach moths. The Spinach was once common across most gardens in the UK, but now is quite scarce, so a lot of recorders with ‘good gardens for moths’ would love to trap these 2 Spinach Moths. So the moral in the story is keep on trapping however poor you feel your garden is and you will eventually be rewarded! 3 Which Species have Increased or Decreased? 2007 to 2008 GMS Common Moth Percentage Increases and Decreases Common Name WM SE EE CY All 4 Areas 1 Heart and Dart 65.82 30.44 66.93 79.51 67.10 2 Flame Shoulder 90.09 193.37 70.48 19.47 57.16 3 Light Brown Apple Moth 18.17 252.37 44.27 30.15 34.17 4 Large Yellow Underwing 48.80 40.07 69.97 46.49 35.45 5 Dark Arches 38.10 2.24 18.75 34.62 19.02 6 Flame 2.39 132.68 30.48 35.68 2.53 7 Brimstone 39.07 184.35 81.57 36.43 30.05 8 Shuttle-shaped Dart 15.16 121.61 8.27 80.25 31.67 9 Buff Ermine 10.61 35.71 5.06 49.82 19.11 10 Common Marbled Carpet 18.90 114.59 15.04 26.90 18.68 Good numbers of gardens took part in the GMS in 2007 and 2008 for West Midlands, SE and E England and Wales, so it is possible to compare performance of our commoner garden moths for these areas. The table above shows percentage increase or decrease in numbers of moths recorded between 2007 and 2008 for these areas. Figures in black are for percentage increase in average numbers recorded per garden, while figures in red are for percentage decrease. Buff Ermine decreasing in most areas – Dave Grundy As you can see, fortunes varied for the top ten commonest species, with 5 species declining between the two years and five species increasing. Remember 2007 was itself a record bad year for moths. Worryingly, the worst decline was for the commonest species, the Heart and Dart, with a drop to only 1/3 of their 2007 figures! Large Yellow Underwing, Dark Arches and Buff Ermine all appeared to decline in most areas, though Large Yellow Underwing figures are more difficult to assess as late summer figures are really needed to assess the full picture for this species. 4 Species appearing to increase between the two years were Flame Shoulder, Shuttle- shaped Dart and Brimstone. The other species had more mixed fortunes. Performance of these species varied considerably between the different areas with only two species declining in SE England, while in Wales the picture was a lot worse with only two species increasing. But, we can only really assess the full picture when we have a longer series of records over more years – so let’s keep recording at current levels for the next 10 years! The difficult part in all this is trying to assess what causes the increases and decreases in particular species and also what is causing the differences between areas of the UK.
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