UNITED NATIONS

HUMANITARIAN UPDATE vol. 22 28 May -- 4 June 2008

Office of the Humanitarian Coordinator in

HIGHLIGHTS

• Inflation rate reaches 31.5% in May. • 70% of Kenyans could be vulnerable to food insecurity in next three months. • A Transit-Return Mapping Tool has been compiled by UNHCR; 19 sites have been mapped so far. • 81,181 IDPs remain in a total of 119 IDP camps.

The information contained in this report has been compiled by OCHA from information received from the field, from national and international humanitarian partners and from other official sources. It does not represent a position from the United Nations. This report is posted on: http://ochaonline.un.org/kenya

I. General Overview

The Kenya National Bureau of Statistics announced on 3 June that the inflation rate had risen to 31.5% in May from 26.6% in April. The inflation rate on food had increase by 44.2% since May 2007, which was the highest rate of increase amongst all commodities; overall inflation increased by 25.2% since May 2007.

The 2007-08 UN Human Development Report noted that almost 24% of Kenyans are living on less than one dollar at day whilst just over 58% survive on less than two dollars a day. Furthermore, the poorer strata are paying more for basic services and food: a study by the African Population and Health Research Centre in 2006 noted that residents of urban slums in pay approximately three to 30 times for water what residents in more affluent neighbourhoods pay.

In light of reduced economic performance in 2008, the Government’s five-year Strategy for National Transformation 2008-2012, is intended to accelerate economic recovery. As part of the Vision 2030 plan, the Government intends to invest over USD 8 million in infrastructure over five years; implementation of the plan is also expected to create 3.7 million new jobs. Meanwhile, the Ministry for the Development of Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands has earmarked funds for the development of tourism and a new industrial hub in district, . The plans for Isiolo District, Eastern Province will improve transport infrastructure, including a new airport, as well as electricity infrastructure.

The Coalition Government plans to launch a master plan for development, “The Grand Coalition Manifesto.” However, at celebrations marking Kenya’s Independence Day, the President and Prime Minister gave reason to doubt their coalition when they openly contradicted one another in statements over whether youth associated with post-election violence (PEV) should be given amnesty. In the run-up to the 11 June by-elections intended to fill five parliamentary seats, some fear that there could be conflict among supporters of the various candidates. In a statement issued on Wednesday, twelve Ambassadors to Kenya urged political leaders to denounce all violence.

II. Humanitarian Situation

Food Security

Echoing the key messages about the severe global food crisis at the World Food Summit in Rome on 3 June, there are fears that Kenya could soon join the group of 27 countries who have seen food riots over the past months. On 31 May hundreds of demonstrators called on the Government to lower the prices of essential commodities during protest in Nairobi. Protestors reportedly chanted, “no food, no peace”. The severity of the food security situation in Kenya was highlighted in the preliminary findings of a recent inter-agency report, led by FAO, which indicated that up to 70% of the Kenyan population will be severely affected by increasing food prices.

Staple Food and Commodity Prices in Kenya The preliminary findings suggest that maize prices have been rising in the East African Region since July 2007 and staple food and commodity prices have increased by approximately 30% over the past year in Kenya. Whilst inflation has reached 31.5% in Kenya, this is not the major contributing factor to the increased food prices. Rather, reduced production, increased costs of transport, due to high fuel prices, as well as speculation by traders who are hoarding their food stores in Source: FAO, Inter-Agency Working Group on Food Prices, 30 May 2008 anticipation of even higher prices in the future, is reducing supply, thereby causing an increase in the prices.

Though the current price increases are severely impacting households, Kenya has been buffered from the 60% rate of global price increases because of a positive grain balance, with approximately 400,000 MTs of grain surplus in stocks. However, these stocks are 300,000 MTs lower than in 2007 and projected to last only until August. The Government has anticipated this deficit and has announced that they will purchase 270,000 MTs, half of which will be procured by the Government, the other half to be imported by the private sector, and all of which will be non-genetically modified (GMO) according to Kenyan regulations. Because this food will be procured in the international markets, the global price increases are likely to filter to the Kenyan market.

Food production in Kenya has been affected by three primary hazards: erratic weather patterns, post-election violence, and global food price increases; accordingly, decreased production in Kenya is attributable to several factors. Due to PEV, 30% of the arable land in the was left fallow, whilst those who were able to farm faced a 20% increase in farming input prices, such as DAP fertilizer, which is petroleum-based. A large number of IDPs are returning to areas of displacement, but not all farmers are able to access their land due to insecurity, lack of shelter, inadequate food supplies and other constraints.

Of those farmers who could return to their farms, many in the Rift Valley switched from cultivating maize to wheat, which has a shorter growing cycle and is receiving a higher price in the market. The maize production therefore, is expected to decline by 450,000 MTs from 2007. The long rains in the Rift Valley have also been erratic and may be cumulatively lower than in 2007, which could further decrease the yield.

One hazard which is currently affecting livestock production in 16 of the ASAL districts is Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR), a viral disease of sheep and goals. These animals are the mainstay of pastoral livelihoods and PPR has killed 350,000 sheep and goats in Turkana district alone, whilst 16 million animals are at risk across northern districts. Production losses in livestock combined with losses in cereals and grains will compound food insecurity in Kenya’s most vulnerable regions.

In an effort to ensure that food security is approached holistically in Kenya, including support for livestock development, a Task Force on Livestock will be established with the Ministry of Livestock, Ministry of Northern Kenya and ASAL Areas, Department of Veterinary Services, OCHA, UNDP and FAO to facilitate the mobilisation of resources in support of disease-free livestock zones.

2 With a looming food shortage in August, it is estimated that those who will be most vulnerable to food insecurity are those who are highly dependant on markets and have low or irregular incomes. According to the inter-agency report, the following groups are particularly vulnerable:

Vulnerable Populations Vulnerability Urban and peri-urban Potentially the most vulnerable population, approximately 70% of the total urban/peri-urban poor population reside in slums. The recent protests in Nairobi illustrated that this portion of the population is already suffering from the price increases, forcing households to cut meals, reduce spending on medical needs and forego schooling, Arid and semi-arid land Those who have foregone subsistence livelihoods, have few assets or safety nets and rely on populations markets to purchase foods will be vulnerable to price increases. The rural poor in Comprising 40% of the total population in those Provinces, the majority of the rural poor are Nyanza and Western agriculturalists who farm small plots and cannot produce enough to feed their families and rely Provinces on remittances from urban areas and off-farm incomes to supplement their incomes; half of the farmers in these Provinces have farm areas of only .06 hectares. The poor in the Coast Many farmers do not yield enough to sustain their families in this marginal semi-arid farming Province area. People living with The highest number are in Western and Nyanza Provinces, and they have decreased HIV/AIDS productive capacity and at the same time require proper nutrition to maintain their health. Practicing pastoralists They will become vulnerable if livestock prices do not increase at the same rate as food prices. Pestes des Petits Ruminants is continuing to decimate small stock in the pastoralist areas, which could also make pastoralists particularly vulnerable to food shocks. Those already Those receiving food assistance includes IDPs in Rift Valley Province, refugees in Dadabb and dependant upon free camps, and approximately 800,000 beneficiaries in the ASAL areas. WFP will have food assistance difficultly in meeting the needs of all current beneficiaries as increases in global food prices affect the procurement of food aid. Areas that are far from Areas such as district will also be vulnerable to increased food prices especially as existing markets fuel prices increase the costs of transport. Turkana and Mandera Current malnutrition rates are very high, which could be related to current increases in food districts prices, which is decreasing households’ access to food.

With a majority of the population vulnerable to prohibitively high food prices, major social consequences and potential unrest can be anticipated. Specifically, there may be an increase in migration to urban and peri-urban centers as rural households seek alternative livelihoods to meet their food needs. Rising food insecurity among communities (particularly in the Rift Valley) who may not have been fully reconciled in the wake of the PEV could aggravate any existing tensions or insecurity in areas of return. Furthermore, as more populations become vulnerable to food insecurity, WFP may need to redefine the way it targets those in need of food aid; developing systems that effectively track mobile populations affected by food insecurity will be key to meeting emerging needs. The Kenya Food Security Working Group’s Marketing Sub-Group is expected to release a full report on food prices in the region and food security on 12 June.

Meanwhile, the Cereals and Produce Board has reportedly released 2.5 million bags of maize to WFP, KRCS, private millers and others. It is in the process of releasing another 1 million bags to be sold at USD 29, the current price is USD 33. The Agricultural Finance Cooperation (AFC), however, has rejected debt-relief appeals by farmers affected by PEV, noting that this would negatively affect the agriculture sector and future investment. Approximately 4,000 farmers reportedly owe the AFC over USD 66 million.

Nutrition

Findings of a nutritional survey conducted in six arid and semi-arid land (ASAL) area districts indicate a serious nutrition situation in all districts, except for district which can be rated as stable. Based on the results, it is estimated that 94,000 children less than five years of age are malnourished. Of particular concern is Turkana district, where some divisions have very critical levels of malnutrition.

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Drought

Ministry of State for Special Programmes and the UN’s International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) held a Drought Risk Reduction meeting on 27 May, highlighting that Kenya remains vulnerable to climate change due to limited adaptability, funding and institutional capacity. Areas most vulnerable to drought include North Eastern, Central Eastern, Rift Valley and Coast Provinces. Whilst drought has devastating immediate impacts, it was highlighted that the longer- term impacts include a reverse in long-term development; declines in agriculture and livestock production; destabilization of livelihoods and curtailing of biodiversity. It is anticipated that the work of the Ministry of Special Programmes and the newly established Ministry of Northern Kenya and ASAL Areas, as well as the Draft National Policy for Sustainable Development of Arid and Semi- Arid Lands could help provide a framework for operationalizing drought policies whilst building institutional capacity for coordination, prevention and preparedness measures. However,

4 inadequate resources and political commitment is likely to continue to affect preparedness and response efforts.

Refugees

As of 1 May, the population of the Dadaab Refugee camps was 190,898. In addition to basic service provision, prevention and response to sexual and gender-based violence is also ongoing, particularly targeted to new refugees. Furthermore, the link between the refugee assistance programme and line ministries is being strengthened to ensure that support is well coordinated.

Pre-elections IDPs

Many IDPs from district are reportedly returning to the district, some after two years of displacement. With the killing of the Saboat Land Defence Force (SLDF) leader and the surrender of over 20 members, Government is assuring returnees of security whilst some schools and clinics are being reopened. However, the Moorland Defence Force and Progressive Defence Force, established in opposition to the SLDF, reportedly remain active in the region.

Security

Approximately 100 armed Somali militia attacked a police post at Dadajabula in district near the border of Kenya and on 1 June; they released three suspects from police custody and took them back to Somalia. The suspects had been detained en route to district, North Eastern Province. In the wake of the incident, the security situation on the Kenya-Somalia border remains tenuous.

Eleven members of the outlawed Mungiki group were arrested in Kirinyaga District; the police are preparing to block a meeting the Mungiki plan to hold in Nairobi on 7 June.

Banditry remains a threat in the Turkana district and two were killed in on 25 May. A curfew has been imposed on Kakuma town from 2100hrs to 0600 hours. The WFP Security Advisor is currently assessing the situation on the ground and reviewing the security phase.

Population Movements and Displacement Trends

The pace of returns has slowed significantly since the initial surge immediately following the launch of the Government returns operation on 5 May. The returnees in this first phase consisted primarily of agricultural IDPs in the central part of Rift Valley Province, including Molo, , Uasin Gishu and Trans Nzoia districts. As of 2 June, there were a total of 81,181 IDPs in a total of 119 IDP camps, according to the Kenya Red Cross. There were also approximately 46,606 IDPs in 67 transit camps in the North Rift Valley and alone. It is also estimated that there are 40,802 IDPs living in communities and transit camps in Molo district; an inter-agency assessment for the South Rift will determine the total number of IDPs in transit camps.

Minister of Special Programmes, Naomi Shaban announced that Operation Rudi Nyumbani had entered its second phase. Accordingly, IDPs will be provided transitional kits and money to meet their basic needs: a total of 70,000 families will be provided Ksh 10,000 (USD 167) and they would also be assisted to rebuild houses. A Press Release from the Ministry of State for Special Programmes called for IDPs residing in camps, integrated within communities and those who have returned to places of displacement, to report to the appropriate venue (by district) for profiling purposes and to register their losses, beginning on 5 June. Recognizing that the needs of IDPs to re-start their livelihoods are not uniform, the Minister of Special Programmes also noted that planning to assist the business people, squatters, hawkers and those displaced in urban centres is underway.

Reconciliation needs remain urgent in many areas of return to ensure the sustainability of the returns process. A committee has been formed, chaired by former President Moi, to organize community peace and reconciliation meetings. Activities are reportedly ongoing in Molo district, but many returnee communities have not yet been engaged.

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North Rift Valley

Sixteen IDP camps have closed in the North Rift Valley, whilst approximately 55 transit camps have emerged with a total of 37,097 IDPs from the , Burnt Forest and Matharu camps in Uasin Gishu district; ASK Showground and Endebese camps in Trans Nzoia district; and Timbororoa, Koibatek and Makutana camps in . The highest number of camps are in Uasin Gishu (33) and Trans Nzoia West (9) districts, with 14,966 and 14,673 IDPs in each, respectively. A map with many of these camps can be found online at: http://ochaonline.un.org/Kenya.

District Transit Camps Population Usasin Gishu 33 14,966 Trans Nzoia West 9 14,673 Trans Nzoia East 4 1,603 Koibatek 7 5,199 Nandi North 1 215 Mount Elgon 1 441 Total 55 37,097 Source, UNICEF, 4 June

Thirty-one transit sites/areas of return in Uasin Gishu, Trans Nzoia West and Kwanza districts were assessed and populations in each area ranged from 8,085 (Gitwamba, Trans Nzoia) to 10 (Job Estate, Uasin Gishu). Whilst information is still being collected and verified, initial results suggest that the sites are lacking basic services, including access to education, water and sanitation facilities and approximately a third of the population at sites have only tarpaulins for shelter, or no shelter material at all. Many returnees also received only two-week rations when they left camps and are currently in need of food assistance. They also require farm inputs and adequate security to return to their farms. Due to continued insecurity, longer-term sustainability of the returns process will also require further peace building and reconciliation with communities.

The population in major IDP camps is 15,566, including: ASK Eldoret Showground, Usasin Gishu district; Turbo, ; Timboroa, Koibatek district; Noigam, Trans Nzoia district; and Burnt Forest, Uasin Gishu district. Movement out of the camps is ongoing except for in Turbo camp.

Uasin Gishu District. Between 27-30 May, 701 IDPs left the Eldoret Showground camp. There were 13 different registered areas of return, and the majority of returnees went to Nandi South district (106) as well as Maili Nne (126), and Soy (155), Uasin Gishu district.

South Rift Valley

Molo District. Six camps have closed in the district over the last week, whilst it is estimated that there are 44,202 IDPs remaining in the district, 3,400 of whom are in camps. The remaining 40,802 are living in host communities, or in transit camps. The transit camps are generally very poorly serviced and the rations of food provided to those who came from IDP camps are being quickly depleted.

Tensions also remain high between returnees and communities in some areas of return, which is one of the primary drivers behind the emergence of the transit camps. St. Mary’s School transit site is housing 850 IDPs; however it is urgently in need of sanitation and water services. Furthermore, there was no dialogue between returnees at the site and community-members. In Kiambogo area, some have returned to their farms and cultivated their land; however, they remain in transitional camps because they have no shelter at their farms. In Rioroni area, there is a high rate of insecurity and people are staying in transitional camps at schools too far away from their farms to cultivate – some of these returnees have also attempted to return to Sawmill IDP camp due to their security situation. Overall, there is an urgent need for increased reconciliation efforts between returnees and communities in Molo district to increase security and ensure the sustainability of the returns process.

6 Nakuru District. There has been minimal movement from the ASK Showground in Nakuru, however the Government is currently registering IDPs in the district. Many returnees are receiving a two-week ration when they depart IDP camps in the district. In an effort to encourage more returns among the diverse camp populations, the DC plans to hold discussions with different livelihood groups, such as farmers, squatters, and businessmen/traders, to identify their specific needs to determine how they can be best assisted during the returns process.

Kipkelion District. Londiani Camp was closed and a majority of IDPs have returned to their farms. It was cited that all of the infrastructure had been looted from the camp. Discussions with Government are ongoing as to whether service provision infrastructure should remain in camps.

Nyanza Province

Camp District Update - Returns Mulot Closed Keroka Kisii Closed. 415 resettled to Buert and Bomet districts; 65 from not resettled. Ekernyo Kuri 500 returned to Bureti, Kipkelion and Kericho districts since 26 May. Dos Office Fort Terna 150 returned to ChilChila division, Kipkelion district between 27 May and 2 June. Koru Camp Nyando 151 returned to neighbouring villages.

The Provincial Administration is planning a stakeholders’ meeting on 4 June in preparation for resettlement from . The Government is finalising transport arrangements as well as establishing police posts in areas of return. Meanwhile, there are approximately 12 transit camps in the Province, comprised of 9,509 IDPs.

Nairobi Province, Nairobi District

The camps in Nairobi have received relatively less attention from the Government and humanitarian actors than camps in the Rift Valley. Though there are only 1,664 IDPs in camps in the Province, their needs are very particular. Most camps are lacking adequate food assistance and there are challenges to reconciliation with host communities, many of which are in urban slum areas where competition for scarce resources is already a struggle for many. Furthermore, camp managers at the camps are unaware as to whether and when they may be included in the Government resettlement exercise, any there are misconceptions about the Government’s plans to compensate IDPs.

Humanitarian Response

Camp Co-ordination/Camp Management

A Transit-Return Mapping Table – an operational tool for mapping and recording standards and identifying gaps according to locations – has been compiled by UNHCR Eldoret to facilitate the planning of interventions in response to the large number of transit sites being set up in the area. Agencies are using a Return Monitoring Assessment Form to compile relevant information. So far, 19 out of 94 transit sites/ return areas have been assessed. Food, water and lack of access to education are among the main gaps identified. The absence of civil administration on the ground is also a challenge.

The National Coordinating Agency for Population and Development, a semi-autonomous Government agency, has agreed to provide statistics on population movement/trends in areas of return. The Rift Valley Deputy Provincial Commissioner has promised to share IDP return plans with humanitarian actors and to provide details of the return package being given to IDPs. The Danish Refugee Council is registering returnees in Molo District.

A rapid assessment of the IDP camps in Nairobi Province was undertaken by OCHA Kenya on 28- 29 May.

Camp Division Details Kirathimo The camp was closed on Saturday, 24 May Word of Limuru KRC and the local government were in the process of organizing transportation for at least 50 families Faith to return to their homes in Rift Valley and Western provinces. Despite having prepared the logistic arrangements (including two IOM busses) and food rations, a lack of shelter materials to distribute 7 delayed the process. According to the District Officer, at least 600 individuals had been resettled from Limuru since 24 May. He confirmed that they had liaised with their counterparts in areas of return and all arrangements were in place to receive returning IDPs. Mathare Dagoretti KRC camp manager reported an increase in the number of IDPs from 650 to about 785 over the past Depot two weeks week. He attributed this increase to perceptions that that the Government would compensate IDPs. However, the camp has not been issued with food for over a month and residents were depending on private donations, some from churches. The camp is also providing food assistance to at least 200 people from the neighbouring community. Basic service provision was reportedly adequate in the camps. The need for reconciliation with communities in areas of return is very high. The District Officer had attempted to hold barazas (community meetings) on peace, but tension in the communities obstructed the dialogue. Huruma Dagoretti 274 residents. Chief’s Food assistance supplies were lacking in the camp; however health and education services were functioning. The camp manager reported that there had been threats against IDPs and that tensions with communities in areas of return remained high. For example, after shelter materials were donated to 54 returnees, they were blocked by community members from reconstructing. The Camp Manger suggested that providing cash would be a more appropriate way to assist the returnees to enable them to rent accommodation and potentially start a small business. Soul Dagoretti IDPs are hosted in a church hall with a makeshift divider for men and women. The camp population is Winning comprised of those who had lost their houses in a fire in Kijiji Chew in Mathare North division, which left 500 homeless. The church had offered the IDPs Ksh 6,000 (USD 100) to vacate, but IDPs claimed that this was insufficient to cover their expenses. Food assistance supplies were also low in this camp. Furthermore, reconciliation efforts through peace dialogues with communities in areas of return had not been successful, owing to continued animosities. Ruaraka Dagoretti 20 IDPs. The camp was lacking basic services and food supplies. The camp is also divided along lines Policy Post of political and other allegiances, and is rife with suspicion and allegations of opportunism amongst the IDPs. At least three families indicated their willingness to return to their rural homes, if transport was provided.

Waithaka Dagoretti 292 IDPs. 120 of which were children primarily from the Kibera slum; the camp population consists District mostly of those who had been displaced form the Jamhuri Park camp. There is an inadequate water Officer’s supply, and a lack of food supplies. Reconciliation needs with communities in Kibera (the area of return) was also significant; when the District Officer attempted to hold a baraza with the IDPs and community, the IDPs were forced to leave the returnee area.

Early Recovery

With the support of OCHA, the cluster plans to carry out a 3Ws (who does what where) exercise to find out the types of activities being undertaken by members, their target groups, locations and partner organizations, if any. This is the first cluster that is undertaking this comprehensive 3Ws exercise. The Peace and Reconciliation Task Force is also mapping peace and reconciliation activities as a first step towards capacity building of organizations working on peace and reconciliation processes in the districts affected by post-election violence, and in harmonising the peace and reconciliation message in terms of its packaging and process.

Several steps are being taken to strengthen the cluster as the lead agency, UNDP, does not have an operational early recovery team at field level. Additional resources are also required for activities at the grassroots level in peace and reconciliation and non-agricultural livelihoods, among others. To address these gaps, the cluster is collaborating with OCHA, particularly its field officers, in advocacy, resource mobilisation, mapping, capacity assessments and capacity building.

The UN Emergency Volunteer Scheme has decided to focus on specific areas, such as farming areas and areas of return due to the difficulty of covering a whole district. Volunteers trained in peace and reconciliation are active in Uasin Gishu, Nakuru and Kericho districts.

Education

Resettlement continues to contribute to uncertainty over children’s access to school. Some 150 children from children’s homes have been moved to Nakuru Showground Camp where they are waiting to hear from the District Education Officer about where they should register for school. Some of their parents have already been resettled. In District, 22 secondary students also await decisions by the Education Officer before they can register for full time schooling.

District Education Officers are making arrangements for students who have been resettled to return to the schools where they registered for their exams earlier this year in order to sit those 8 exams. The candidates hope to be given a month’s accommodation in nearby boarding schools during the October and November exam period.

Vandalised schools are reopening, although sometimes in very poor conditions, with roofs, windows and doors missing. Water is also an increasing problem. Haraka Primary School, 11km from Mau Summit in Molo District is operating as a school during the day and as shelter for up to 1,500 people during the night. They claim to have received no assistance. In Trans Nzoia East, students of Eronge Primary School, who were being hosted in another local school, have moved back to their own site after the Kenya Army renovated the building. The ministry of education’s rapid assessment of schools affected by post-election violence is ongoing. In Nakuru, local education officers have agreed to improve information sharing on reconstruction and school repairs to avoid duplication and ensure aid reaches the most needy.

Save the Children has provided 11 tents, 100 desks, 4000 exercise books, pens, pencils, geometry sets and sanitary towels to schools hosting IDP children in Eldoret and Nakuru districts. A further 400 desks are being delivered. Save the Children have signed a contract with Baguga Construction to construct temporary classrooms in Lenana, Prisons and Milimani schools. A kitchen will also be constructed in Lenana School. Teacher training in psychosocial interventions continues, supported by UNICEF and Save the Children. The ministry of education plans to train 150 teachers in Eldoret and another 150 in Nakuru by 10 June.

Emergency Telecommunications

Over 200 staff in Nairobi, Nakuru, Eldoret and received radio training by 5 June, bringing WFP’s security telecommunications project to a close. Communications centre equipment has been handed over to host agencies.

Food Security

Given the maize planting season is over, farmers returning to their fields are exploring other options for crop production. WFP has agreed to contribute USD500,000 to assist FAO and the ministry of agriculture in distributing vegetables seeds to IDPs. Demand is still high and more assistance is needed.

Nutrition

Partners continue to support the government in providing nutritional services to resettled IDPs. At least 149 IDPs with malnutrition were tracked in Molo and are getting nutrition support through health facilities. Limited information about IDP movements and the fact that some health facilities are closed or understaffed remains a challenge in many areas. In Molo, 10 out 23 health workers have not returned or been replaced since the post-election crisis. The phasing out of some partners due to lack of resources, such as World Vision in Burnt Forest, will leave significant gaps in addressing malnutrition, which is expected to worsen with food price increases. MSF is phasing out from Molo, Endebess, Timboroa and Koibatek due to stabilization after the emergency phase.

Findings of a nutritional survey conducted between March and May 2008 by the ministry of health, UNICEF, Merlin, AAH, Islamic Relief, Save the Children, Oxfam and World Vision indicate a serious nutritional situation in Turkana, Samburu, , Wajir and Mandera districts with Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM) rates ranging from 10-15% (serious) to over 25% (very critical). Turkana is worst affected. The exception is which is stable with GAM rates of less than 10% (moderate). Nutrition actors approximate that 94,000 children under five years in nine arid and semi-arid districts are affected with malnutrition. The food and nutrition task force has made recommendations to the Kenya Food Security Meeting to deal with the situation and WFP is visiting Turkana on 5 June to review the beneficiary figures. NGO partners are starting to phase out or scale down their nutrition activities due to funding issues. Following discussions with ECHO, UNICEF, WFP and NGO partners in Mandera and Turkana districts are gathering information to determine funding needs.

9 Protection

Who Place and date Activity/ Report UNICEF, Uasin Gishu, Inter-Agency Monitoring Mission. A rapid assessment of return areas to monitor settlement of OCHA, Trans Nzoia East returnees and their coping capacities, to identify current and future needs and concerns, UNHCR, and West and assess the infrastructure and general socio-economic conditions for possible future WFP, Kwanza districts; interventions. Stakeholders undertook to cover the gaps and challenges identified. KRC 27 and 28 May and IOM UNHCR Ngarua and The area is tense. Although there is a police post, officers are unable to stop the local Eldoret Kondoo 9 in community grazing in farms belonging to returnees and harvesting their crops. One returnee Burnt Forest, was attacked with arrows but the perpetrators were not arrested, even though they are known, Uasin Gishu because it would have worsened the volatile situation. No peace and reconciliation activities District; week of have been undertaken. The local community is willing to allow the returnees resettle but the 26 May issue of amnesty and release of young men arrested for taking part in post election violence has to be addressed. Social infrastructure and services are lacking. UNHCR will coordinate with partners including KRC to offer water, sanitation, education and health assistance. UNHCR 26 May To monitor and oversee return of 135 IDPs from Ekerenyo Camp to Kipkelion district. IDPs Kisumu received one month’s food ration soap and family kits from KRC/WFP and three tents from UNHCR. There were not enough tents so priority was given to vulnerable and large families. UNHCR Keroka Camp; 30 IDPs phoned UNHCR to inform them that 70 people had been left at the camp without water, Kisumu May food or shelter. Most IDPs had been resettled, taking tents with them, but the remainder could not leave due to insecurity in tea farm estates. KRC is waiting for the PC to decide what to do with the IDPs. They may be moved to another camp. UNHCR , Fact-finding mission to inform IDPs of government plans for their return. IDPs had received Kisumu , no information from the DC regarding this. Most IDPs were business people, willing to leave Chavakali, the camps if they receive livelihoods support and money for rent. and Mbale camps in Western Province; 28 May UNHCR Busia; 29 May Fact-finding mission. A total of 234 IDPs were recorded at the camp; (inclusive of 81 of the Kisumu 132 returnees from Uganda). UNHCR met with the DC reported that IDPs had been informed returns would commence on 3 June. IDPs were apprehensive as they had received different information. UNHCR Londiani & Sorget Assessment in return area. Village resettlement committee is registering returnees and Divisions, Kipkelion sharing information with the provincial administration. IDPs have not received assistance District; week of 26 upon return. Most sleep in the open as they lack tents. Security is of concern as only two May policemen cover a vast area. Returnees allege they continuously receive threats because perpetrators have not been released. Kalenjin community displaced from Kivuno, Gwitu and Sawmill farms expressed interest in returning once they are provided with shelter and food. UNHCR North Police Population of 673 Kikuyu and Kisii. Movement of 36 families to Narok South planned for Camp; week of 26 week of 3 June. IDPs rented houses in town and carried out petty trade or farmed leased May land. Although areas of return are peaceful, IDPs cannot return due to lack of money for rent and business start-up capital. People with special needs especially those affected by HIV/AIDs rely on assistance from World Concern who will phase out by 31 May.

Lack of co-ordination on returns remains a challenge. On 24 May, 54 families (304 individuals) were transported from Limuru to Narok North, where they were dropped at the DC’s compound. A government delegation had promised the IDPs they would receive tents and two weeks’ food ration upon arrival in their return area. However, district officials in Narok North had not been informed and questioned whether the IDPs were genuine.

Shelter and Non Food Items

There are serious shelter-needs for all returnees going to the Burnt Forest area, as there is almost total destruction of houses in the area. UNHCR, KRC and IOM in Eldoret received 449 returnees from Limuru in on 28 May. The IDPs were registered and given 199 tents which they pitched in Burnt Forest Camp and in areas of return. In other areas, the needs are different. In Salama/Kaibei Location in Endebess Division in Kwanza District, tents have been in high demand in the transit sites established due to insecurity related to the Mount Elgon conflict. The UNHCR pilot project implementation of 300 transitional shelter kits is scheduled to commence the week of 2 June in Mutaragon village, Kipkelion district.

The Danish Refugee Council distributed 156 family kits containing blankets, jerrycans, buckets and kitchen sets to returnees in Sirikwa Farm, near Molo on 27 May. Registration of returnees in the

10 district is ongoing and an integrated concept paper for intervention in Molo will be complete the week of 2 June.

Water Sanitation Hygiene

Water availability has decreased in the Kisumu district camps, which are serviced by the municipality, due to unpaid bills; IDPs walk to nearby springs to draw untreated water and use aquatabs to disinfect the water at household level. UNICEF has purchased supplies to rehabilitate Koru Mission Water Supply at Koru Police IDP camp, , which will also benefit the local community. Replacement of the pipeline that had been vandalized by the host community is ongoing at Gunyak camp, Kipkelion district. WASH supplies (basic family water kits, soap, jericans, buckets and household water treatment chemicals) were distributed to 30 families ChilChila camp, Kipkelion district; more WASH supplies are expected at the Kisumu hub office for distribution.

Household water treatment chemicals are being used in cholera-affected districts, including Suba, , Rongo and Migori districts. An emergency water treatment unit installed in Sindo- during the recent Cholera outbreak is functional and supplying safe water Mbita town, it is recommended that this unit be upgraded.

UNICEF supplied two rapid water test kits and a dewatering pump to the District Water Officer in Trans Nzoia West and one kit and pump to Uasin Gishu district. Submersible pumps are required for dewatering deep shallow wells in Uasin Gishu and Trans Nzoia districts.

KRCS has supplied bladder tanks in some of the transit camps emerging in Molo district, which are then filled by water takers. UNICEF provided 50 mobilets to the distict water officer, which have now been distributed to the transit camps, but not meet needs.

The Nakuru Showground IDP camp has been provided with 285 mobilet latrines, 56 tap stands (and fittings), a network of drainage channels, 300 bathing stalls and hand washing stations (which were all stolen). Action Against Hunger, Action Aid and KRCS are conducting hygiene promotion activities in the camp. There have been sporadic water shortages due to issues related to the payment of bills to the Nakuru Water and Sewage Co. The Nakuru Stadium IDP camp was provided 150 mobilets, 10 tap stands and hand washing stations. Action Against Hunger, Action Aid and KRCS are conducting hygiene promotion activities. In general the water and sanitation situation in the Showground and Stadium camps is adequate and stable.

The Danish Refugee Council is constructing eight pit latrines and eight bathing rooms under at the Chesingale camp, Molo district. Action Against Hunger has constructed 14 latrines with UNICEF materials at the camp, Nakuru North district whilst GOAL is providing hygiene and sanitation promotion at the Bahati Police Station camp, Nakuru North district.

Transit Camp Response Karir Kania 2 UNICEF mobilets installed and water in 10,000 litre bladder filled by DWO tanker. There are no bathrooms 2 UNICEF mobilets also installed for security post. Langwenda Population 2,000. 1 UNICEF mobilets installed, 10,000 litre KRCS bladder tank supplies water and is filled by DWO tanker. Kamwora Paris Population 64. Two UNICEF mobilet delivered but not installed. 5,000 litre bladder tank from KRCS filled by DWO tanker.

For more information, please contact:

Jeanine Cooper, Head of Office, OCHA-Kenya, +254 (20)7625155, [email protected];

Rania Dagash, Desk Officer, Africa I Section, OCHA-New York, +1 917 367 3668, [email protected]

Stephanie Bunker, Spokesperson and Public Information Officer, OCHA-New York, +1 917 367 5126, +1 917 892 1679 (mobile), [email protected].

E lisabeth Byrs, Public Information Officer, OCHA-Geneva, +41 22 917 2653, [email protected]. 11

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