GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF FINLAND Regional Office for Northern Finland Bedrock and Raw Materials C/M06/352 112000/211 0 KUIVANIEMI Valikangas - Kylmakangas
Seppo Rossi 10.10.2000 GTK
GOLD EXPLORATION IN 1999-2000 ON EXPLORATION CLAIMS VALIKANGAS 1 (MINING REGISTER NO. 6846/1) AND KYLMAKANGAS 1 (MINING REGISTER NO. 7002/1) IN THE KUIVANIEMI PARISH ON THE ARCHEAN OIJARVI GREENSTONE BELT
" • 1 C/M06/3521 /200012110 INTRODUCTION
Location of the explor ation area
The exploration area lies c. 60 Ian east of the town of Kemi within the North Ostrobothnia district in the Kuivaniemi parish and is a part of the Oijarvi greenstone belt (Fig. 1). The exploration claims reported on are VaIikangas 1, mining register number 6846/1, and Kylmiikangas 1, mining register number 7002/1, both lying on the map sheet 3521 llA (Kylmiikangas 1 also partly on sheet 08C). They form a single parcel of land with a total area of 62.47 ha about 10 km NNW of the Oijarvi village. The adjoining Hinespalo claim reservation with an area of 8.9 lan2 lies just east of the claims and has been made in order to secure possible further exploration work. The technical information on the claims and the reservation are given in Table 1 and their locations are shown in Figs. 2 and 3.
The claims lie on two heath hillocks, VaIikangas and the more northerly Kylmakangas, which both are surrounded by bogs. The claim Valikangas 1 is a rectangular, 3.5 km long and 80 m wide zone in the direction 3251145°. The eastern side of its northern end is touched by the nearly rectangular claim Kylmakangas 1, which extends the claimed area southwestwards on Kylmiikangas. The combined claim area lies on Kylmakangas with the bog protection area of Janessuo in the east and the lake Sarkijarvi in the west. The northern end of claim Valikangas 1 passes over a distance of 1 Ian within 100-300 m of the border of the bog reserve. The holes drilled into the northern end of the Valikangas claim on Kylmakangas lie c. 800 m away from a permanently inhabited house and surrounding summer cottages on the eastern shore of Sarkijarvi.
The altitude of the Valikangas-Kylmiikangas area varies between 110 and 125 m. Drilling indicated considerable thicknesses of overburden with a maximum of 52 m (R644) and a minimum of 19 m (R658). The locations of the drill holes are indicated in Appendix 1.1. The average thickness of the overburden in the drill holes is 31 m. It consists of a 10-15 m thick till layer on the top. The till is underlain by a sand-gravel layer, which has proven to be a ground water reservoir. The thickness of the water-rich sorted material is almost 40 m in the areas with the thickest overburden, and there is only a thin till deposit between it and the bedrock. The extent of the ground water reservoir has not been investigated in this context, but according to observations made in the course of the drilling it is continuous over the whole 3 km long drilling profile. The closest bedrock outcrops lie c. 1 km south of the most southern hole of the profile.
Table I. Claims and claim reservation.
Name of the claim Register Area Registration Expiry day number day
VaIikangas 1 684611 29.07 ha 3.5.1999 3.5.2004 Kylmiikangas I 700211 33.40 ha 23.3.2000 23.3.2005
Claim reservation Janespalo 18/2000 8.9 km2 36591 36956 2 C/M06/352112QOO/2IIO
NORWAY en~ en S;
15 0w • en~
I D 20 3_ 4D SICJ I 30 km
Fig. I. Geographical location of the study area on the Oijarvi Greenstone Belt. Simplified geological map from the Bedrock map of Finland 1:1 ,000,000 (Korsman et al. 1997). Symbols: (1) Archean granite gneiss complex, (2) Archean greenstones, (3) layered intrusions, (4) Palaeoproterozoic schist belt, (5) study area in the middle of the Oijarvi Greenstone Belt (rectangular represents the area of Fig. 3).
The distance to the claim areas by road from the Oijiirvi village is c. 12 krn. The first 8 krn follow the Kuivaniemi-Oijarvi-Yli-Ii bitumen road. The remaining 4 km are along a private gravel road, which forks towards its end. One fork bends towards lake Siirkijiirvi to follow its shoe, while the other is a forestry road which leads to the northern part of Valikangas, i.e. in the middle section of the Valikangas 1 claim. The airfield and harbor towns closest to Oijarvi are Oulu and Kemi, each on about 80 km away.
I 3 C/M06/3 52 1/20QO/2I1 0 Background of the investigation
The four year long project to clarify the geology and are potential of the Oijiirvi greenstone belt, hereafter called the Oijarvi schist belt, was commenced in 1996 and was finished at the end of 1999 (reports 1 and 2 in the Related documents). The primary method of investigation for achieving the goals set for the project was profile drilling on the poorly and selectively outcropping schist belt. With this, a large, hydrothermally altered shear zone with ubiquitous high Au contents was located. The indicative Karahka and the by gold grades more promising Kompsa gold prospects were found as a result of these investigations.
The investigations that had started in the northern part of the north-south striking Oijarvi schist belt had, by the end of the planning period, extended to the hinge of the westerly branch of the schist belt. The plan in this area included a 3 kID long diamond drilling profile sited in the exploration claim area Vlilikangas 1 (cf. Table I) on the basis of low altitude airborne and surface geophysical surveys. The gold mineralization intersected in drill hole R654 in the northern end of the profile gave rise to further local investigations.
The aim of the investigations and persons responsible
The diamond drilling profile on exploration claim Valikangas 1 (hereafter called the Vlilikangas profile) was aimed at delineating the geological features at the joint of the north-south striking Oijiirvi schist belt and its westwards turning branch. The purpose of the profile was to ascertain the continuation of the shear zone along the schist belt, to clarify the occurrence of mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks as well as to locate the northern contact of the volcanics.
The drilling of the Vlilikangas profile was commenced in June 1999 from its southern end. In the second last drill hole of the program, R654, drilled on Valikangas in February-March 2000, ore assays revealed considerable gold contents in the quartz rock intersection of the drill core. Target oriented further drilling I was commenced immediately after the discovery in the late winter of 2000, and during it further ; delineation of attempt the extent of the gold-bearing quartz rock both in depth and on either side of the \ profile was attempted.
The investigation has been led by chief of division Erkki Vanhanen and its planning and execution have been carried out by geologists Heikki Juopperi and Antero Karvinen. The drilling of the Valikangas profile in the summer 1999 and the target oriented drilling in the winter 2000 have been led by geologists Seppo Rossi and Heikki Juopperi. Geophysicists Teuvo Pernu and Heikki Salmirinne have participated in the planning of the geophysical surveys at Valikangas and Kylmlikangas and their data interpretation. Geophysicist Pertti Turunen has been responsible for the geophysical drill hole soundings at Kylmlikangas. Geologist Bo Johansson has done the electron microprobe analyses on the polished thin sections. The mineral identifications by X-ray diffraction have been carried out by research assistant Pentti Kouri. Research assistants Tauno Mukku and Mauri Kauttio have made both the polished and conventional thin sections.
INVESTIGATIONS CARRIED OUT
Geophysical surveys
Pilot VLF-R and magnetometric measurements were carried out in 1998 on the central part of the Oijlirvi schist belt on evenly and closely spaced profiles and on separate random profiles both in the Karahkalampi-Valirankangas and Karahka areas. The total length of the profiles m easured in the • 4 C/M06/352l!2000!2ll0
c:J Claim o 1 2 3 km c:J Claim reservation ~~iIiiiiiiiiiiiii~~ D Peal production area o Nature reserve Base map by National Land Survey • Diamond drill hele Licence number l3IMYY/2000
Fig. 2. Geographical map showing the nature reserves, roads, lakes, rivers and peat production areas in surroundings of the Valikangas and Kylmakangas claim areas and the Janespalo claim reservation. 5 C/M06/3521/2000/2l1O
Legend [ 1 Quartz-sericite schist, Sericite o Mica schist, Graphite schist o Mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks with interflow sedimentary units Granitoid § Karahka shear zone 7300 ...~ o Claim o Claim reservation • Diamond drill hole . r~ , ( I N I A I, I ) I
1. \' / !-;~, ~ \ ~ / /' I - , - ----.---t~~\._::". .. ,- --- ,_ ~,_) _( ~290 ./ ,/ / l, \ !\ ( / \, 1\." \ ", \ o 1 2 3 4 5 km \ \ ~ E .-- . ~3
Fig, 3, Schematic geological map from the middle part of the Oijiirvi Greenstone Belt showing locations of the Karahka shear zone, claims Viilikangas 1 and Kylmiikangas 1, claim reserva tion Jiinespalo and diamond drill holes,
I 6 ClM06/3521/200012lIO Karahkalampi-Vaiirankangas area in April 1998 is 34.29 km containing 1725 measured points at 20 m intervals. The Vaarankangas area was investigated on five profiles, spaced at 200 m intervals parallel 0 to the long direction of the rectangular (0.8x4 km, direction 295/145 ) target area. The co-ordinates of the ends of the most easterly profile are x=7294.75, y=3450.00 and x=7290.25, y=3453.40; those of the center profile x=7294.50, y=3450.00 and x=7290.00, y=3453.00; those of the westernmost one x=7293.00, y=3450.00 and x=7290.15, y=3451.94. The Valikangas drilling profile coincides with the westernmost on of the Karahkalampi profiles. An IP multilevel profile study has also been carried out on this profile and 50 m on its either side.
The continuous Karahka area measured in November-December 1998 covers the southern parts of the random profiles at Karahkalampi. The measurements were carried out at 10 m point spacings on 16 parallel lines lying 100 m from each other. They cover a rectangular grid of 1.5x2 Ian (long direction 0 315/135 ). The total length of the profiles is 31.95 km and a total of 3265 points were measured. The co-ordinates of the most western corner of the area are x=7290.75, y=3451.05, while the most easterly corner lies at x=7290.40, y=3453.52.
In order to support the target oriented diamond drilling caused by the considerable gold contents discovered in the second last drill hole (R654) of the Valikangas drilling profile, VLF-R and magnetometric measurements complementing the earlier ones were carried outin the Kylmiikangas area. 0 The measurements were done at 10m point intervals along 17 parallel profiles (direction 3251145 ) spaced at 25 m. The center profile of the ellipsoidal 400x750 m grid coincides with the Valikangas drilling profile. Drill holes R652-659 (R657=R684), R681 and R682 lie within the measured area (cf. Appendices 1.1,2.1-3). The co-ordinates ofthe ends of the center profile are x=7293.000, y=3450.000 and x=7292.385, y=3450.430.
Diamond drilling
Drill holes and their siting
The total length of the drill holes on the Valikangas drilling profile and the complementary holes drilled on Kylmakangas is 4725.95 m. The 16 holes (R640-R655) drilled in the summer 1999 on exploration claim Valikangas 1 total 3498.75 m in length. The 8 holes (R656-R659, R681-R684) drilled on Kylmakangas in the winter 2000 total 1227 .20 m. A summary of the diamond drill holes is given in Table 2, the locations of the drilling sites appear in Appendix 1.1 and the holes are listed in Appendix 1.2.
Because the overburden on the Valikangas drilling profile is notoriously thick, the overburden drilling for each drill hole was made in advance using well drilling techniques. The actual diamond drilling into the ready made, tube protected holes was done using T56 equipment. The direction of the dip of all holes 0 0 ) is 145 except ofR655, which was drilled the opposite way in the direction 325 . The original planned starting slope of the holes was 40 0 • Orientated samples from the holes were taken according to need, with the aim to establish their relation to tectonic features.
As was mentioned during the description of the geophysical surveys, the Valikangas drilling profile coincides with a geophysical ground survey profile. It was known from previous observations by VLF-R and magnetometric methods that the 3.5 km long profile lies mainly within mafic volcanic rocks, and only its northern end was expected to transgress the northern contact of the volcanic sequence. The southern end of the measured profile was regarded as representing the typical neutral features of unaltered volcanic rocks. In the northern end there occurs an area of a lower resistivity and a higher phase angle, assumed to be related to a shear zone and accompanying hydrothermally altered volcanic rocks. The first hole of the drilling profile (R640) was sited at the transitional point between the two areas exhibiting the differing electric properties with the aim of intersecting this zone. The drill holes were spaced in a 7 C/M06l3 521/20001211 0
Table 2. Diamond drilling at Kuivaniemi parish in the areas of Vtilikangas and Kylmakangas.
Time/area Hole Holes n Fotogr aphet Total Geophysical diameter length drill hole mm m surveys 1999JVtilikangas 56 R640 - R655 16 x 3498.75
2000/Kylmiikangas 56 R656 - R659 x 641.30 31) R681 - R684 8 x 585.90 12)
Total 24 4725.95 4
I) Appendices 3.1 - 3.3 2) Appendix 3.4
manner to obtain a complete geological picture of the assumed vertical structures of the Karahka shear zone (cf. Fig. 3). Towards the end of the profile, drill holes were not spaced equally, but the holes were aimed rather at suitable targets determined on the basis of the VLF-R data. The electrically uniform zone continues in the drilling profile up to hole R652, which lies 2100 m away from the first hole R640. From hole R652 onwards, both the specific res istivity and the phase angle vary markedly at uneven intervals along the profile. The remaining holes were aimed at the center parts of the variation zones orto intersect their transitional surfaces. The reason for drilling the last hole of the Viilikangas profile, R655, in the reverse direction in comparison to the other holes was a suspected change in the direction of the dip of the lithological structures at the northern end of the profile.
The extent of the gold mineralization detected in hole R654 of the Viilikangas drilling profile was investigated by the target oriented Kylmakangas drilling program. Drill hole R656 was sited on the same profile 40 m behind R654 (i.e. NW) in order to test the continuation of the mineralization at depth. Also the extension of the mineralization along strike, i.e. perpendicular to the drilling profile was tested by drilling two hole profiles with a 50 m hole spacing abreast of the first intersection on its either side. Of these, the eastern profile was extended with the aim of penetrating the northern contact of the volcanite zone, as this had not been intersected on the Viilikangas drilling profile.
, The drilling of some holes on the Viilikangas profile did not succeed according to plan. For instance, the 0 starting angles of the holes R651-656 were in actual fact somewhat steeper than planned, i.e. 45 • Hole R643 bent during drilling to a shallower dip following a weathered surface and the sample probe became clogged (hole R643ain Appendix 1.2). Only 4.70 m of weathered bedrock was recovered. The hole was
restarted next to the original site with a starting dip of 60 0, and was successful (hole R643b in Appendix 1.2). The drilling of hole R645 was aborted by a leak caused by a fault zone (hole R645a in Appendix 1.2). The drill core obtained from the interval 74.60-140.20 m has been saved. After cementation, the hole R645 was re-started at the same site. The drilling progressed at first along the original hol e, but soon deviated from it (hole R645b in Appendix 1.2). Also hole R650 was problematic. It advanced in weathered bedrock from its surface at 62.70 m to a depth of 117.40 m, where it was tenninated as no hard rock had yet been encour~ered and the core loss was already 42.70 m
The drilling of the hole R657 of the Kylmiikangas target oriented drilling program was interrupted at the depth of 59 .50 m because of a break in the protective piping. This interrupted phase of tbe hole has later 8 C/M06/3521/2000/21l 0 been assigned the hole number R684 (cf. Appendix 1.2). The hole R657 was continued in a normal fashion after an exchange of the piping.
Geophysical drill hole soundings
The protective piping was left in place in drill holes R656-R659 to facilitate geophysical drill hole soundings. It was intended to leave hole R683 also open for soundings, but it leaked so badly during the drilling, that the plann had to be abandoned. With the exception of R657, all other holes could be measured. During the soundings, density, susceptibility, specific resistivity, chargeability and gamma radiation were determined. The results are shown in Appendix 3.
Petrographical and mineralogical studies and geochemical analyses of the drill core samples
Rock types and structural features have been described and the alteration has been estimated visually from all drill cores. Locations of thin sections and analyses deemed necessary in the course of the logging have been marked in the core crates on the lists below the core. With the exception of drill hole R681, the core crates have been photographed before sampling. The photographing of the core material from the Valikangas profile was done optically on diapositive film, whereas the cores from Kylmakangas have been photographed by a digital camera and are stored in digital format on a CD-disc.
316 polished and 3 conventional thin sections have been prepared from the drill cores at Rovaniemi in the thin section laboratory of the North Finland Office of the Geological Survey. The polished thin section R654/3512/99/72.50 (thin section number 20418) was sent to the electron microprobe laboratory of the Geological Survey in Otaniemi. It contains, in addition to very fine gold particles, also numerous small difficultly identifiable mineral grains. X-ray diffraction determinations have been made at the mineralogical laboratory of the North Finland Office ofthe Geological Survey on 11 samples from the Valikangas profile (laboratory numbers 6254-6258, 6273-6275 and 6277-6282) and on two drill core samples from Kylmakangas (laboratory numbers 6348-6350). The XRD-samples are described in the drill logs.
The chemical analyses of the drill core samples have been done during 1999-2000 at the chemical laboratories of the Geological Survey, which has been accredited in 1994 according to the EN 45001 and the ISO Guide 25 standards to carry out chemical analyses from geological and environmental samples (accreditation identification T25). The accreditation has been renewed after quality control in 1998. A total of 1010 samples for mineral exploration and 199 samples for petrological studies have been analyzed (cf. Appendix 1.2). Half-cores split by diamond saw have been used for the analyses. The samples were crushed with a jaw crusher and all of the material was ground with a disc mill made of chromian steel. The nominal length for an analytical interval was 2 m, but there is much variation, as each sample has been restricted to cover just one rock type. The precious and base metals contents analyzed for from the exploration samples and the analytical methods used are presented for each drill hole in Table 3. The methods 522U, 705A and 235Ahave been employed forthe precious metal determinations. The steps in the 522Umethod are an aqua regia digestion at room temperature from a 20 g sample, mutual precipitation with mercury and the determination of gold and tellurium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). The 705A method consists of docimastic separation (Pb-fire assay) and enrichment from 50 g samples and the determination of gold by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The 235A method is based on accelerated cyanide digestion from a 500 g sample and the analysis of gold by FAAS. The base metals have been determined from part ofthe samples with the 51lP method, which is based on an aqua regia dissolution of a 0.15 g sample analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). • 9 C/M06/3521/2000/2l10 The length of the drill core samples taken for petrological studies has been 10-20 cm. The crushed sample was partitioned, one part being ground in a carbon steel ring mill. A multi element analysis on a pellet produced from the ground material was done using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique (175X), the rare earth elements (REE) being analyzed by ICP-mass spectrometry (811L).
RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATIONS
Regional geology
Soil geology
The topography around the Oijarvi schist belt is characterized by widespread bogs and low till hillocks. The thickness of the overburden, consisting of till and peat covering it in the boggy areas, varies usually from under a meter to 10 m. However, in the center part of the schist belt, at the Karahka and Kompsa targets investigated earlier on, the overburden is unusually thick and peculiar in its stratigraphy (Report 1 in the Related material). The same applies to the VaJikangas and Kylmakangas areas now under consideration. The areas of thick overburden are peculiar because a water-rich sand-gravel horizon occurs between two till layers. The variation in the thickness of overburden was established to be 19-52 m in the course of the drilling operations at Valikangas and Kylmakangas. The thickness of the covering till layer is c. 10 m, while the till layer between the sand-gravel deposit and the bedrock is maximally several meters. The water-rich sand-gravel layer is thickest at VaJikangas and thinnest at Kylmakangas. A sequence similar in both structure and thickness and containing a likewise water-bearing sand-gravel layer occurs at the Karahka diamond drilling target c. 2 km NW from Valikangas. A further 2 km NW of Karahka, at Kompsa, the overburden is still considerable, but somewhat thinner, its thickness varying from 8 to 17.5 m. The VaJikangas, Kylmakangas and Karahka areas apparently form part of a till-covered ground water reservoir, whose full extent is still unknown.
Bedrock geology
The Oijarvi schist belt is N-S striking and discontinuous, with an overall length of c. 80 km and varying from 1 to 8 km in width. In the area considered in this report, its center part, there occurs a westward, c. 10 km long branch (Fig. 1). The greenstone belt is surrounded by Archean tonalitic-trondhjemitic granodioritic granitoids and gneisses. The widest and best known center part of the schist belt (Fig. 3) consists mainly of generally steeply dipping massive and pillowed mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks which, according to their chemical compositions, are Fe-tholeiites, Mg-tholeiites, Cr-rich basalts, basaltic komatiites and komatiites. Within the volcanic rocks there occur quartz-sericite and sericite schists as a narrow zone. Graphite-bearing mica schists are met with locally as interlayers in the ) volcanics. Mica schists, greywackes and graphite schists rim the zone of volcanic rocks on its western side and occur both south and north of the volcanics in the westerly trending branch (Reports 1 and 2 in the related material).
Quartz-feldspar porphyry dykes and small tonalitic intrusions intrude the supracrustal rocks of the Oij arvi schist belt. The intrusive rocks are, according to as yet unpublished radiometric age determinations, Archean in age. The greenstone belt is also cut by diabases, interpreted as Paleoproterozoic. The Karahka shear zone (Fig. 3) exhibiting strong deformation and hydrothermal alteration is the explorationally most important feature of the area (Report I in Related material).
The schist belt is considered to have been metamorphosed and deformed under greenschist facies conditions in late Archean times. The metamorphic peak has, however, been attained later during Paleoproterozoic times in the conditions of lower amphibolite facies, as is indicated by by the local 10 CIM06/3521/2000/211 0 overgrowth of amphibole, biotite and gamet porphyroblasts on the mineral parageneses of greenschist facies (Report 1 in Related material).
Table 3. Precious metals and other elements assayed by methods 522U, 705A, 235A, SlIP. Symbols: x = Ag, AI, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Sc, Si, Sr, Th, Ti, V, Y, Zn; n = number of samples, 522U = aqua regia leach and Hg-coprecipitation (roasting included) and analysis by GFAAS technique (atomic absorption spectrometry, electrothermal atomization), sample weight 20 g, 235A = cyanide leach with 3h acceleration and analysis by FAAS-technique (atomic absorption spectrometry, flame atomization), sample weight 0.5 kg, 705 A = Pb-fire assay and analysis by FAAS-technique, sample weight 50 g, SliP = aqua regia leach and analysis by ICP-AES-technique (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry), sample weight 0. 15 g.
Drill hole 522U 705A 235A 511P n Laboratory number 19991R640 Au, Te 17 72305 19991R641 Au, Te 39 72321 I 9991R642 Au, Te 46 723 13 I 9991R643 19991R644 Au, Te 70 72320 1999/R645 Au, Te 20 72315 19991R646 Au, Te 61 72318 19991R647 Au, Te 67 72322 19991R648 AU, Te 34 72326 I 999/R649 Au, Te 28 72327 I 9991R650 19991R651 Au, Te x 103 72334 19991R652 Au, Te 34 72337 19991R653 Au, Te x 26 72338 I 9991R654 AU,Te x 58 72339 19991R654 Au Au 15 72138 19991R655 Au , Te x 17 72342 20001R656 Au Au x 51 78415 20001R657 Au x 36 78424 20001R658 Au x 65 78425 20001R659 Au x 112 78426, 78433 20001R681 Au x 43 78421 20001R682 Au x 70 78423 20001R683 20001R684 Au x 13 78422 II ClM06/352 1/2000/211 0 Deformation and hydrothermal alteration have affected all rocks of the Oijarvi schist belt with the exception of the diabase dykes. Tolppi (1999) studied the structural, mineralogical and geochemical alteration in the mafic volcanic rocks (mainly Cr-basalts) at Karahkalehto, which lies c. 3 km east ofthe center of the Valikangas drilling profile. According to him, the degree of alteration permits a di vision into a distal chlorite-carbonate and a proximal sericite-carbonate zone. The change from unaffected rocks into the distal alteration zone is gradual and it is characterized by a pale green color and is manifested by the appearance of ankerite and calcite and a pronounced increase in the amount of chlorite. The change from the distal into the proximal zone is apparent as a clear change into a paler color as sericite rapidly increases and chlorite decreases. The proximal alteration zone is characterized by a pale greyish-green color and the disappearance of the chlorite bands typical of the distal zone (Reports 1 and 2 in Related material).
The Valikangas drilling profile at the bend towards the western branch of the Oijarvi schist belt transects the Karahka shear zone. The dominating rock types on the profile are ultramafic and associated mafic volcanic rocks, which contain some interlayers of mica schist and phyllite. The strike of their vertical or steeply NW dipping structure is perpendicular relative to the drilling profile. A little south of the center of the drilling profile, starting from drill hole R646, the supracrustal rocks are intruded by quartz porphyry dykes lying parallel to the tectonic surfaces. The amount and the width of the dykes increase northwards and are largest in the middle part of Kylmakangas. The northernmost hole (R683) of the Kylmakangas target oriented drillings on the continuation of the Valikangas profile intersected the contact between the northern rim of the volcanite zone and the mica schist, against which 200 m of ultramafic rocks occur in the volcanite zone.
The southernmost hole of the drilling profile (R640) intersects the southern contact of the central part of the shear zone. Northwards from this point the shear zone for over 2 km continues along the profile up to hole R652 in a relatively uniform manner, although there is some variation in the intensities of deformation and hydrothermal alteration. As the drill holes are spaced more widely apart from each other in the north than in the south, it has not been possible to delineate the northern border of the shear zone as unambiguously as the southern one.
Hydrothermally unaltered, but generally strongly metamorphosed and only relatively weakly deformed volcanic rocks occur on the Valikangas profile on both sides of the Karahka shear zone and as little deformed "islets" within the shear zones. They are compositionally either talc (± carbonate ± chlorite) or amphibole, amphibole-plagioclase and plagioclase-amphibole rocks. When the same rocks are simultaneously strongly deformed and hydrothermally altered they generally become chlorite-carbonate schists containing variable amounts of quartz and plagioclase with biotite and amphibole as typical porphyroblasts. According to their chemistry, the graphite schists are of epiclastic origin and consist, in addition to graphite, mainly of quartz, sericite and carbonate.
, The mica schist and quartz-feldspar porphyries have, as a result of deformation and hydrothermal alteration, become locally both texturally and mineralogically so similar to each other that they cannot be told apart by petrographic means. On the other hand, the ultramafic rocks contain alteration products, which are petrographically mica schists.
The gold mineralization at Kylmakangas
The Kylmakangas gold mineralization was intersected at the northern end of the almost NW- SE striking Valikangas drilling profile. The mineralization is associated with a dyke-like quartz rock, which has formed into a quartz-feldspar porphyry altered and deformed thoroughly during a diffuse hydrothermal process involving silicification and sericitization along the steeply NE dipping contact of a completely altered ultramafic volcanic rock. The quartz-feldspar porphyry is sericitized particularly intensely for • .. • ..
SE fa"fa ~ "\• ~ ¥-...... "'----"'--- """-'- Q~"' --:--o""""-o-----~ NW
~ drill hole
~ overburden
~ quartz rock quartz feldspar tv D porphyry
SOml altered ultramafic • volcanic rock D quartz vein
SOm sY Au I ppm ~ ~ Fig. 4. Two drill hole intersections trough the Kylmlikangas gold mineralization. Simplified geological cross-section depicts the location of "- '"tv the gold bearing quartz rock at the contact zone between quartz feldspar porphyry and altered ultramafic volcanic rock. Sites of the drill holes :;:; R654, R656 in the index map of Appendix 1.1. ! o - - .. ."
SE .--__. - Y.>- _\.~ fa"" <> ~ () VC) v 0 .....() "'C'" 0 -
.-A drill hole
~• • overburden w~ ~ quartz rock quartz feldspar D porphyry altered ultramafic volcanic rock - quartz vein soml D granitic vein SOm -s::v Au 1 ppm Q ;;: ~ Fig_ 5. Simplified geological cross-section showing the geological setting of the Kylmiikangas gold mineralization along the contact zone between ~ U> N quartz feldspar porphyry and altered ultramafic volcanic rock. The cross-section is parallel with that one in the figure 4 and at the distance of 50 is meters to northeast from it. Drill hole R659 intersects the gold bearing quartz rock at the depth of 170 meters from the surface of the overburden. co'" Sites of the drill holes R657 - R659 in the index map of Appendix 1.1. ~ o • 14 ClM0613521/200Q/2/10 several meters within the contact of the quartz rock and has additional secondary potassium feldspar has also formed. The first, 17.75 m long intersection of the of the quartz rock (R654 in Fig. 4) Contains an average of 6 ppm gold (Au), 41 ppm silver (Ag) and 20 ppm tellurium (Te). Associated with them, the quartz rock also exhibits somewhat elevated contents of lead (721 ppm Pb) and zinc (258 ppm Zn). The occurrence of the gold as a very fine-grained dust in native form was ascertained by using three different methods of dissolution in the chemical analyses of the first intersection (Table 3, R654 and analysis order numbers 72339, 72138). The results for these gold analyses as well as the silver and tellurium contents determined from the same samples are given in Appendix 4.2. The variations in silver and tellurium correlate remarkably well with those of the gold (Appendix 4.1). According to a provisional SEMJEDS study of one polished thin section (R654-72.50 m), the quartz rock contains also electrum (gold-silver alloy), hessite (silver telluride) and lead-copper telluride. The quartz rock contains also variable amounts of pyrite, copper sulfides (chalcopyrite, chalcosite and bornite have been identified), galena and sphalerite. The lead isotopic composition of the only galena sample measured so far is typical for an Archean environment.
The drill hole R656 of the pilot target oriented Kylmiikangas program made 40 m NW of the first intersection (obtained in the hole R654 of the VaIikangas drilling profile) confirmed the continuation of the mineralized quartz rock at depth in a somewhat narrower zone (Fig. 4). The quartz veins in the hanging wall of the mineralization proved to be barren. The mineralization almost vanishes in the two hole profile (R681 and R682) drilled at a SO m distance SW of and parallel to the Valikangas profile, but in the symmetrically drilled NE profile the it occurs in three holes (R657-R659, Fig. 5). Hole R659 intersects the almost vertical, still downwards extending quartz rock at a depth of 170 m from the surface. The best are intersection, averaging 22 ppm gold and 124 ppm silver, has been encountered at 75 m depth from the surface in the 11 m long intersection of drill hole R658 in the quartz rock (Fig. 6) containing altered ultramafic volcanic rock as several inclusions. It also exhibits considerable scattered lead-zinc concentrations averaging 3742 ppm Pb and 26 10 ppm Zn. The gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc concentration for the analyzed samples from drill hole R657 (starts with hole R684) are shown as line diagrams on the drill hole profile and the table of analyses with rock types for each sample is given in Appendices 5.1-3, while the results for hole R658 are presented in Appendices 6.1-3. The contents for the same metals are tabulated for the quartz rock intersection and adjacent rocks of hole R659 in Appendix 7.
Evaluation of the occurrence
The mineralization found at Kylmiikangas is already the third gold occurrence found by the Geological Survey in the Oijarvi greenstone belt since the commencement of the regional studies in 1995. The previously found Karahka and Kompsa prospects (Report 1 in Related material) lie within the Karahka shear zone, whereas the Kylmiikangas occurrence is located north of it at the hinge of the westwards , extending branch of the schist belt. A common denominator for these three mineralizations is their occurrence in areas where the supracrustal rocks of the schist belt are intruded by quartz-feldspar porphyries. The felsic dykes are scattered and maximally c. 10m in width at the Karahka and Kompsa prospects. The typical host rock of the Karahka mineralization is a mafic volcanic rock brecciated by quartz-carbonate veins associated with the felsic dykes. At Kompsa, the host rocks are sericitized and silicified felsic dykes intruding mica schists and their country rocks close to the contacts. Visible gold occurs at Kompsa in quartz and quartz-carbonate veins cross-cutting the felsic dykes. In contrast to the two others, the host rock at Kylmiikangas is a continuous 100 m wide quartz-feldspar porphyry in contact with ultramafic volcanic rocks. Felsic dykes extend according to drill hole observations from the contacts along the Valikangas drilling profile for at least 100 m towards NW and for 50 m towards SE.
The quartz rock containing almost all of the gold mineralization at Kylmiikangas forms apparently an elliptic, vertical vein-like lens. Its thickest part, intersected in drill hole R654 is about IS m wide. Along • 15 C/M06J3521/2000/2110
•
Fig.6. Quartz rock intersection in the hole R658 from 105.10 to 116. 10. The analysis samples have been bordered by dark double cross lines (borders and rock types in appendix 6.3). Strongly sericitized quartz feldspar porphyry in the upper contact of the quartz rock and altered ultramafic volcanic rock in the lower contact, which appears also as inclusions in the quartz rock. 16 C/M06/352l!200012l10 its strike the quartz rock lens may be interpreted as dipping NE, if it is assumed that the upper part of the lens has been eroded away at the VaJikangas drilling profile and that it has been completely eroded at the profile lying 50 m SW. This interpretation is supported by the intersections on the parallel profile lying 50 m to the NE, where the slightly narrower portion of the lens has been intersected in its center part and near both edges.
The only preliminarily locally investigated gold mineralization found at Kylmlikangas by drilling forms only a small part of a geological environment as yet unknown in detail. Its most significant meaning is that it, in conjunction with the Karahka and Kompsa prospects, demonstrates the ore potential of the Oijarvi schist belt.
ARCHIVING OF THE STUDY MATERIAL
The drill cores are for the time being kept at Rovaniemi in the drill core store of the North Finland Office of the Geological Survey. Both polished and conventional thin sections made from the cores are also kept at the North Finland Office.
The numeric archive material has been saved both as hard and digital copies. The results of the geophysical drill hole soundings have been incorporated into the data base of the Geological Survey. The drill core logs have been saved using both the KAIRA program of the Geological Survey and in WP 8.0 format. The results of the chemical analyses made from the drill core samples are stored in the data bases of the Chemical Laboratory of the Geological Survey.
REFERENCES
Korsman, K. , Koistinen, T., Kohonen, J., Wennerstrom, M., Ekdahl, E., Honkamo, M., Idman, H., & Pekkala, Y. (toim.) 1997. Suomen kallioperlikartta - Berggrundskarta over Finland - Bedrock map of Finland I : I 000 000. Espoo: Geologian tutkimuskeskus.
Tolppi, T -P., 1999. Metavulkaniittien geokemia ja hydroterminen muuttuminen Karahkalehdossa Oijiirven arkeeisella liuskejaksolla. Pro gradu -tutkielma, Oulun yliopisto. 80 s. (in Finnish)
APPENDICES
1.1-2. Index map of drill holes and list of holes, order numbers of analyses for each hole and the number of analyses per hole. ) 2.1-3. The geophysical ground surveys. 3.1-4. The geophysical soundings from drill holes R656, R658, R659 and R681. 4.1-2. Line diagrams of the gold, silver and tellurium contents in drill hole R654 and the tabulated gold, silver and tellurium contents of its ore intersection. 5.1-2. Line diagrams and analytical table of the gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc contents of the combined profile of drill holes R657 and R684. 6.1-3. Line diagrams and analytical table of the gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc contents of the profile of drill hole R658. 7. Tabulated gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc contents of the ore intersection in drill hole R659. • 17 C/M06/3521/200012110
LIST OF RELATED MATERIAL
Research reports
1. Juopperi, H. & Karvinen, A. 1999. Kultatutkimukset vuosina 1996 - 1999 Kuivaniemen kunnassa valtausalueilla Karahkalehto 1, kaivosrekisterinumero 627911, Konivesakot 1, kaivosrekisterinumero 6276/2, Kompsa 1 ja 2 kaivosrekisterinumerot 6751/1 ja 2 seka Valikangas 2, kaivosrekisterinumero 684612. Geologian tutkimuskeskus, arkistoraportti C/M06/3521199/21l0. 25 s. (summary in English)
2. Juopperi, H., Karvinen, A. & Rossi, S. 2000. Summary Report. The Oijarvi gold prospects, northern Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Archive Report CIM06/3521120001l110. 7 p. (in English)
Archive material
1. diamond drilling
- drill cores • M52.1I35211-991R640 - R655 • M52.l/3521120001R656 - R659, -1R681 - R684
- drill core log reports • M52.5/35211-991R640 - R655 • M52.5/3521120001R656 - R659, -1R68 I - R684
- analytical data of drill cores, the hole/laboratory numbers • M52.6/35211-991R640: ore 72305; petrological 72297 • M52.6/35211-99/R641: ore 72321; petrological 72319 • M52.6/35211-991R642: ore 72313; petrological 72312 • M52.6/35211-991R643: petrological 72317 • M52.6/3521/-991R644: ore 72320; petrological 72319 • M52.6/35211-99/R645: ore 72315; petrological 72312 • M52.6/35211-991R646: ore 72318; petrological 72317 • M52.6/35211-991R647: ore 72322; petrological 72319 • M52.6/35211-99/R648: ore 72326; petrological 72325 • M52.6/35211-991R649: ore 72327; petrological 72325 I • M52.6/3521/-991R651: ore 72334; petrological 72333 • M52.6/35211-991R652: ore 72337; petrological 72336 • M52.6/35211-99/R653: ore 72338; petrological 72336 • M52.6/35211-991R6S4: ore 72339, 72138; petrological 72336 • M52.6/3521/-99/R655: ore 72342; petrological 72336 • M52.6/3521/2000/R656: ore 78415 • M52.6/3521/20001R657: ore 78424 • M52.6/3521/20001R658: ore 78425 • M52.6/3521/20001R659: ore 78426,78433; petrological 72690 • M52.6/3521/20001R68l: ore 78421 • M52.6/3521120001R682: ore 78423 • M52.6/352112000/R683: petrological 72690 • M52.6/3521120001R684: ore 78422 18 ClM06/352 1/2000/211 0 - polished slides, hole/slide number (total 319 slides) • M52.5/3521/-99/R640: 20108 - 20129, (+19321 not polished) (23) • M52.5/3521/-99/R641: 20345 - 20358, 20852 - 20858, 20875 - 20877, (+ 19322 not polished) (25) • M52.5/352l/-99/R642: 20833 - 20851, (+19323 not polished) (20) • M52.5/352l/-99/R643: 20748 - 20764 (17) • M52.5/3521/-99/R644: 20731 - 20742, 20878 - 20882 (17) • M52.5/352l/-99/R645: 20743 - 20747 (5) • M52.5/3521/-99/R646: 20715 - 20729 (15) • M52.5/352l/-99/R647: 20660 - 20687 (28) • M52.5/352l/-99/R648: 20621 - 20633 (13) • M52.5/3521/-99/R649: 20765 - 20779 (15) • M52.5/3521/-99/R651: 20598 - 20620 (23) • M52.5/352l/-99/R652: 20586 - 20597 (12) • M52.5/3521/-99/R653: 20567 - 20583 (17) • M52.5/352l/-99/R654: 20538 - 20551, 19878,20418 (16) • M52.5/3521/-99/R655: 20552 - 20561 (10) • M52.5/352112000/R656: 20780 - 20791 (12) • M52.5/352112000/R657: 21381 - 21384 (4) • M52.5/352l/2000/R658: 21385 - 21391 (6 + 1) • M52.5/3521/2000/R659: 21392 - 21405 (6 + 8) • M52.5/352112000/R681: 20859 - 20868 (10) • M52.5/352l/2000/R682: 21406 - 21410 (5) • M52.5/352112000/R683: 21411 - 21421 (11)
2. archive copies ofgeophysical maps - geophysical ground surveys • Q22.23/352111/98/l, 3 magnetic profile map - Karahkalampi-Vaarankangas • Q24.32/352 I 1 l/98/l , 3 VLF R option profile map - Karahkalampi-Vliarankangas • Q22.23/35211 11200012, 3, 4 magnetic profile map - Karahka • Q24.32/35211112000/2, 3, 4 VLF R option profile map - Karahka
) , " ------_. - - - - - , ------{iJ ------1 i ~ -----r p 0 ~0 0 -< -< ~-< -< /-< Appendix 1.1 (2) C/M06l352 1/2000/21 1(I ' 345O!XXl.0 X --- V A~~ d J¥ 11681 ~~~ V .$ fI5S3 '" / f15S3'( _~~. ox ------._------"''iIl'iY),J / Rffil /~ R649
/,R/i47 I "'''fill n. - ._------J15l1mJ
6
5 z:
~
0 500m I 1
~ I ...""", X L ,... ~
Appendix L L Index map of diamond drill holes, R640 - R659, R681 - R683
I0 i ~ I .. I I- Appendix 1.2 (2) CIM0613521120001211 0
Viilikangas VUOS1 REIKA x- Y- z- SUUTAI SYVYYS ANALYYSITIL. NAYTT. KOORD . KOORD . KOORD. KALT. M NRO KPL YEAR HOLE DIRECTION! DEPTH LABORATORY NUMBER OF PLUNGE M NUMBER SAMPLES
1999 R640 7290.670 3451.570 116 145140 250,80 72305 ", 72297" 17",34') R641 7290.795 3451.485 117 145140 219,50 72321 ",72319" 39",10') R642 7290.920 3451.405 117 145140 208,75 723 13 ", 723122) 461), 101) R643a3) 7291.045 3451.320 11 6 145140 108,30 R643b 7291.045 3451.320 116 145160 221,00 72317" 132) R644 7291.170 3451.240 115 145140 219,7 5 72320", 72319') 701\ 82) • R645a" 7291.300 3451.150 113 145140 140,20 R645b 7291.300 3451.150 113 145140 216,70 72315", 723122) 201), 42) R646 729 1.420 3451.070 113 145140 201,10 72318", 723172) 61 n, 132) R647 7291.545 3450.985 113 145140 206,20 72322", 72319" 671),192) R648 7291.66 3450.900 115 145140 203,00 72326", 72325" 34", 10" R649 7291.805 3450.812 11 6 145140 209,15 72327", 72325" 2 81), l1 Zl R650 7291.926 3450.732 117 145140 117,40 R651 7292.098 3450.613 117 145140 263,75 72334", 72333" 103",22" R652 7292.409 3450.403 11 8 145140 200,00 72337", 72336" 341), 9" R653 7292.579 3450.290 11 8 145140 169,45 723 38 " , 72336" 26", 10" R654 7292.718 3450.205 119 145140 134,10 723 39", 72138", 72336" 58", 8" R655 7292.843 3450.126 118 325140 209,60 72342",72336" 17 1) 9"
Kylmiikangas
2000 R656 7292.747 3450.1 82 120 145145 120,45 78415" 51 1) R657 7292.733 3450.239 11 8 145140 101.80 78424" 36" R658 7292.781 3450.218 118 145140 132,25 78425" 651) R659 7292.906 3450.127 117 145140 28 6,80 78426",78433",72690" 112" 52) R681 7292.681 3450.158 122 145140 107,50 78421 " 4 31) R682 7292.723 3450.129 120 145140 153,40 78423 ') 701) R683 7293.067 3450.013 114 145140 265,50 72690" 4" R684') 7292.733 3450.239 11 8 145140 59,50 78422" 131) ------YHTEENSNTOTAL 4725,95 1010" 199" ------
1) malmianalyysi (til ausnumero ja naytemaara) - ore analysis (laboratory number and number a/samples); 2) petrologinen analyysi (tilausnumero ja naytem aari) - petrological analysis (laboratory number and number afsamples); ) 3) reian ensimrnainen epaonnistunut kairausyritys, ei eril1i sta reikarapontia - the firslfailed alteml in drilling, no separate log report; 4) rei an R657 kairauksen ensimrnainen yritys, erillinen reikaraportti - the first failed attempt to drill the hole R657, separate log report.
Appendix 1.2. List of drill holes, laboratory numbers and number of analysed samples. Appendix 2.1 (3) CIM0613521/2000/2l1O
...... • I • • Magnetic tota! field InTI ',--,,-,~ 52109·52148 r 52148·52198 __, _...... a....:... ' -. '- --:.~'; ~ • ...... "'--1 -'1--' .,.. - .".;.' 52198·52249 -_.... ' --\ rt .:~ -....,...----1 52249 - 52299 __\.11~--I 52299 . 52350 52350·52400 --'__ •...!...... L...... ~ 52400 . 52450 52450·52501 52501 (mean) 52501 ·52551 52551·52601 52601·52652 52652 - 52702 52702·52753 52753 . 52803 52803 ·52853 52853 ·52904 52904 ·52954 52954 ·53004 53004 ·53055 53055 • 53105 53105 • 53188
• Drillhole = Surface trace of drilThole
. _ .".. _- - ,... -- '. ,
l R6~ + 1\ ' "k '. ;t l ~A '. .-,-' + \ 100 m
3450000 3450000
Appendix 2.1 . Magnetic map of geophysical ground surveys from Kylmiikangas area. Appendix 2.2 (3) ClM06l352 11200012/10
~ ~ ""." ---¥- - I • , Apparent resistivity [olun_m] - -,. -.....:.....:.. ' '-' , - --: M~ ' ;~ ...... :..-, 200- 260 . ...f--_. .. ' -- \ 11-;--- .T_- -.:~ . ...,;..'-...,....--.., 260 - 430 430 - 600 - -\1/ 0:-'----1 600 -770 770 - 950 950 -11 20 --~- , . ...:...:.... ---~ 11 20 (mean) 11 20 - 1290 1290 - 1460 ) 1460 - 1630 1630 - 1800 1800 - 1970 1970 - 2140 2140 - 2310 2310 -2480 2480 - 2650 2650 - 2820 28 20 - 2990 2990 - 3160 3160 - 6040
• Drillhole ==---= Surface trace
/' / / 1/\
rr + t as • ...L.:..a.. \ \" , - - .~ \ PA \~I\ I ~ + + + \ O. 100 m
Appendi x 2.2. Apparent resistivity of VLF-R surveys from Kylmiikangas area. Appendix 2.3 (3) C/M06/352112000!2ll0
- . VLF-R; phase angle [deg.] 30 -31 31 -33 33 -35 35 - 37 37 - 39 39 - 41 41 - 43 43 - 45 45 - 47 47 -49 49 (mean) 49 - 51 51 - 53 53 - 55 55 - 57 57 - 59 59 - 61 61 -63 63 -65 65 - 67 67 - 69 69 -71 71 - 73
• Drillhole = Surface trace of drillhole
.".-- /' / + I fA
-rr +
• ...1...:...&.. I. as ._. - \ \' \ \ -- .~I\ \~A I .. -:-: + \ + 100 m
3450000 3450200 3450400
Appendix 2.3. Phase angle of VLF-R surveys from KyImiikangas area. ,. Appendix 3.1 (4) KUlVANIEMI Oijarvi ClM06I3S2 1120oohiiO R656352111
Density Susceptibility Resistivity Chargeability Radiation kglm' 51 Om % ~R/h
Appendix 3. 1. Geophysical drill hole logging, R656 KUIVANIEMI Oijarvi Appendix 3.2 (4) R658352111 C/M06/352112000/2/1O
Density Susceptibility Resistivity Chargeabi/ity Radiation kg/m3 SI Om % llRih
0 kl- ~ ~ '" '"0 0.1.. o~ a.!., 0... q, 9.. D~ D_ 0 0 ~ 0 ~ '1 9.. ) Appendix 3.2. Geophysical drill hole logging, R658 ,t KUlVANIEMI Oijarvi Appendix 3.3 (4) R659352111 ClM06/352 112000121 10 Density 5usceplibility Resistivity Chargeabi/ity Radiation kglm' 51 Om % ~RIh ~~8~~- 0-- - t:l gj Q ~ g0J. 0.;" 0rt. .:.,0... q, ~ <:t 9,,0.:. tt c't tto i5 ~ ~ ~ ~ o I " "I" .. ! ",,!.~ I IIIUUI 11111 11 I "II!B I !lIIIA 1m!!! llllA II!!n I ' Hun! IlIlIIlI II!!!I II !,' I" ' ! , ·/80 I· ·200 '. ) KUlVANIEMI Oijiirvi Appendix 3.3 continued R659352111 Density Susceptibility Resistivity Chargeability Radiation kg/m" SI Om % ~R/h -220 ·240 -260 -280 . ...-- ~ . . -300 -'--_. -_.__ . ... - - - - -. -_._ - . . -- -. ----- ..~-- Appendix 3.3. Geophysical drill hole logging, R659 ) ~ KUIVANIEMI Oijarvi Appendix 3.4 (4) R681352111 CIM06J352112000/2J 10 Density Susceptibility Resistivity Chargeability Radiation kglm3 Sf Urn % ~RI1J go C; 0 0- (; 0 -- .... 0 a ...... 01 " rU .:.0_ -... ""l.:I9:..~..:. 1:) 0_ ~cc~~~g:, '1 111111! IIIIIII I!!IIIO 11I1\!H1 1I "I IIIII1!U1 11 1111111 1111111 ' WIll -20 ..;.- .------ Appendix 3.4. Geophysical drill hole fogging, R681 • ...... Diamond dIill hole 352 I II 999/R654; Kuivaniemi, Kylmiikangas - Au ppm -Ag ppm/llJ 30,00 ,------,------,-----,,-,----.,-_-----_------:------, 20,(){) ------~ - :--:-I-I---;- -'-----t------i 10.00 0,00 t...... 1 ...... iJrml n ~ m Meters - Au ppb -Ag ppm - To pph .!i"' 100,0 1.0 o 134.10 Meters Q;l> 0::"0 "'"0 Au Ag '~"-" ::l "'0.IV ~ _ • quartz rock 56.25 - 74.00 (17.75 m) • quartz rock 56.25 - 74.00 (17.75 m) S>< f· .. · .. · .. · .. · .... 9 overburden average Au grade 6.07 ppm average Ag grade 41 .20 ppm 0_0-1>- 1:·;·;·::.:;·.::·;·::.-:;1 quartz feldspar porphyry "' ~ -tv"'~ I . . I quartz rock 0"" altered ultramafic volcanic rock Appendix 4 .2 (2) C/M06/352 1/20001211 0 Ntiytetunnus Kivilaji Pituus Au Au Au Ag Te Sample label Rock type Leng th ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm m 522U 235A 705A 511 P 522U 3521/99/R654 53. 15- 55 .15 quartz feldspar porphyry 2,00 0,04 0,31 0,31 2 0,22 3521/99/R654 55.15- 56.25 quartz feldspar porphyry 1, I 0 0,06 0,83 0.90 2 0,23 :i52 ; i99iR654-56 :25:-58:25--q~-;;;;-;~~k------2:oo------o~82-----1~1-5-----1-,lii------i-----3:5:1------+----- 3521 /99/R654 58.25- 60.25 quartz rock 2,00 3,74 3,92 3,63 34 18,00 3521 /99/R654 60.25- 62.25 quartz rock 2,00 3,95 2,31 2,17 35 11 ,90 E 3521/99/R654 62 .25- 64.25 ~uartz rock 2.00 20,20 18,40 18,80 121 62,00 Appendi x 4.2. Gold contents in the drill hole R654 intersection through the quartz rock and its immediate neighbourhood analysed by three differend methods 522U, 235A and 70S A and also sil ver and telluride contents. S22U = aqua regia leach and Hg-coprecipitation (roasting includet) and analysis by GFAAS-technique (atomic absorption spectometry, electrothermal atomization), sample weight 20 g. 23SA = cyanide leach with 3h acceleration and analysis by FAAS-technique (atomic absorption spectometry, flame atomization), sample weight O.S kg. 70SA = Pb-fire assay and analysis by FAAS-technique, sample weight SO g. Sll P = aqua regia leach and analysis by ICP-AES-technique (inductively coupled plasma , atomic emission spectrometry), sample weight O.IS g. t ... .~ " Diamont drill hole 3521/20001R657 (+ R684); Kuivaniemi , Kylmiikangas - A u --Ag 10 if\. ~ i 7.5 E -1-\ I I g: 5 II , .. : , I 25 ',...i\ 'h .. jJ\, I \ .-. L U: 1: \ I o , ...... : :i: ... :;:,:;:;:::;::::::::. : • !:::!:::::!:!::::: -::: :::;:;:;:;:;:;:;:::::::::::::.:.:.:.:.:.: ::: ttl::::::::: 8 20 40 60 80 I( Meters - Cu ppm - Pbppm - Znppm ] 00 ~ 200] 100 I ------·--~------Q;J> ;':"0 0"0 ''' (1) o ••••_.. "-..._ ... _ ... _ ... _ ... _ ... _ .. ~ •••_ ... _ ... _ ...... '!•• "-.. '!•• ~•• "-.. __...... _ ... _ ... _ ... _ .. . _.. . _ : :iE ' "'iii;:;:;:;:;::;;;;: :,;:!:;:;;::::!:::iII:;:1 :;;;;;:;:;;;;;;;;;::-;::;:;:;;;:;:;;;:;:;:.:;: :,1:;:1:;:;,;,: <:; ;::l tv _, (f 20 40 60 80 100 "' Q.. '=::>< Meters !:3Ul o 0 - :::N-N~ o~ h .. •... •...... ·."'l overburden 1:::;:;:;:;:;:;:;::::1 quartz feldspar porphyry I ·· . I quartz rock c= quartz vein •••111 altered ultramafic volcanic rock Appendix 5.2 (2) C/M06/3521/2000/2/10 352112000/R657 + R684 Naytetunnus Kivilaji Au Ag Cu Pb Zn Sample label Rock type ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm 705A 511 P 511P 511P 511P 3521/00lR684 38.45- 39.10 quartz vein 0,21 3,35 11,70 196,00 9,57 ~3_2.!~~2~~.?_~~_~~,!2:~!,2.~_9..u_~~~_~~90''p''~~P_~~~Y~~ ______!l'?.?______~,~~ _____ £.~~ ____ ~_4,!l_~ _____!~,~2 ______3521/00lR684 41.20- 42.20 quartz rock 3,41 11,80 53,70 28,00 18,20 _ 5 E 3521/00lR684 42.20- 44.10 quanz rock 3,29 8,56 35,20 10,00 15,00 15 ~:iS -- ~ . ~_5_2.!~~~~.?_~~_~~,!2:_~~,~~_~_~~~_~'?':~ ______:l,?!_____ !!,~Q _____ J!2_~ ____ ]l..'.?_O' _____~?,~Q ______~_: __ _ 3521/00/R684 44.80- 47.00 quanz feldspar porphyry 0,50 6,73 320.00 82,20 130,00 ) 3521100/R684 47.00- 49.00 quartz feldspar porphyry 0,15 4,26 62 ,10 36,30 18,60 3521100/R684 49.00- 50.50 quartz feldspar porphyry 0,03 3,36 42,40 15,90 15,20 3521/00lR684 52.20- 54.20 altered ultramafic volcanic rock 0,03 1.00 26,40 10,00 20,80 78422 3521100/R684 54.20- 56.20 altered ultramanc volcanic rock 0,02 1,00 54,20 10,00 26,20 t ~~ 1f~~~~ ~6~~- .5! 2? ~I~~d. ~~~':.!!.c .v!,~~i~ !2.c~ • _ ~:O~ •• .2:~~ _ . ! ~~ . _1.4:6.£. •. l3:0.0. _... 3521/00lR657 57.10- 59.10 altered ultramafic volcanic rock 0,09 1,01 72,50 20,30 67,90 ~_5_2.!~~Q~~.?_!~L~~,!Q:_6.~,S.~_~!~"'_"' 3521/00lR657 97.60- 98.05 quanz feldspar porphyry 0,06 1,00 58,20 33,80 207.00 3521/00/R657 98.05- 99.05 quanz feldspar porphyry 0,10 1,00 95,50 13,30 69 ,70 3521100/R6571 00.45-101.8( altered ultramafic volcanic rock 0,04 1.00 30.80 20,60 52.00 .. iii .' Diamond drill hole 3521/2000fR658; Kuivaniemi, Kylmakangas - Auppm -AgppmllO II KI.OO I I ~ I I I: ' I -Il r I : i [ 50.011 I Ii i ! I II "- 1 I~ • . IUlII l.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.l".,.,."""""""" ... ,''i';'i',,,,,,.,.,.,L,,.iiiiii,,,,',''ii',,,,,;'"''''''''''''''''"" :""""""","',',ii""";';'i';,;""".,.",,J,J .n .t ~ ,,,,l,,,,,,,,,,,,,! o 25 50 75 100 J25 132.25 Meters - Au ppm -Agppm/lO JlXJ.OO 10.00 [ "- 1.00 ~" 0.111 0.01 0• 25 50 75 IUO 125 JJ2.25 Meters Au Ag Q» F...... , overburden • quartz rock 105.10 - 11 6.10 (11 m) (average sample length 0.92 m, • quartz rock 105.10 -1 16.10 (11 m). :;;:'0 0'0 I,; ;';:;:;:;:;';:;'; ;,1 quartz feldspar porph yry min. 0.20 m and max. 1.70) average Au grade 22.4 ppm average Ag grade 124.28 ppm '"C:J ",ro '-"0. I . . I quartz rock • between 106.20 - 113.50 (7.30 m) (average sample length 0.91 m. • between 106.20 - 113.50 (7.30 m), '" _. t:::x altered ultramafic volcanic rock min 0.30 m and max. 2.00 m) average Au grade 33.6 ppm average Ag grade 186.11 ppm ~OI o· (analyses weighted with lengths of split core samples) 0 - ~~ o~-'" ...... '" " Diamond drill hole 35 21 120001R658; Kui vaniemi, Kylmakangas - Cu% - Ph lfr --Zn% 2.50 2.00 , , 1,5() , _1 0~ , 1.00 i 0,,10 ~ EIJ I 0.00 .,-,::':':;:':;';;;:': 0 25 50 75 100 125 132,25 Meters - Cu ppm - Ph ppm --Zn ppm I (){)()()() _ ._-r- I ()()(){) 5 Q, Q, =1= pit .. . .- ~ - :- - ! - j ., J. - YV ...... ,.- ,. I ' r-'!' I_ A>: '\ • \ ~ 10 'r=M '\, .1 - ~ i "i ...... ",:,.:::;:::;::!:,:!;:,:,:,:::::::::::::::::::::::::.:.:.:::: :,:::::::,:::,:::::,:,:, ::::::":,:,:,:":",::,:::::,:::::::;,,:,,,,.:.:.:.:.:~" :::'::::':'::':':';':'" . (I 25 50 75 IUO 125 132,25 Meters Q ;J> :<::"='co "=' ~ g UoQ.N _. ~"~':.~" ."':."':.'~ ".."Il overburden hl:;:;;;;j; ;::;;::;;;::1 quartz feldspar porphyry I . . I Quartz rock altered ultramafic volcanic rock ::: x !:l0l c· E N t::~_ u.> o~ 1 (2) Appendix 6.3 (3) C/M06/3521/2000/2/10 Naytetunnus pituus Au Ag Cu Pb Zn Sample label Length ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm m 705A 511P 511P 51 1 P 511P 3521 /2 oo0/R658 28.90- 29.60 0,70 <0.02 <1 15 38 8 352112000/R658 29.60- 31.00 1,40 0,Q3 <1 137 15 24 352112000/R658 31.00- 31.40 0,40 <0.02 <1 27 22 15 3521/2000/R658 31 .40- 33.50 2,10 <0.02 <1 58 27 38 3521 /2000/R658 33.50- 34.00 0,50 <0.02 <1 24 16 12 3521/2000/R658 34.00- 36.00 2,00 <0.02 <1 52 148 101 352 1/2000/R658 36.00- 37.40 1,40 <0.02 <1 72 18 41 3521/2000/R658 37.40- 39.40 2,00 0,03 <1 67 <10 25 3521/2000/R658 39.40- 41.40 2,00 0,05 <1 65 <10 22 3521/2000/R658 41.40- 43.40 2,00 0,05 <1 65 15 21 3521/2000/R658 43.40- 45.40 2,00 0,03 <1 58 <10 22 352112000/R658 45.40- 47.40 2,00 0,05 <1 84 <10 23 3521 /2000/R658 47.40- 49.40 2,00 0,12 <1 236 <10 30 3521 /2000lR658 49.40- 51.80 2,40 0,19 <1 99 <10 23 352112000lR658 51.80- 52.80 1,00 0,02 <1 88 <10 11 352112000lR658 52.80- 54.40 1,60 <0.02 63 12 15 352112000/R658 54.40- 56.40 2,00 0,05 2 312 17 20 3521/2000/R658 56.40- 57.65 1,25 0,03 <1 53 14 13 3521/2000/R658 57.65- 59.80 2,15 0,Q3 <1 94 17 11 3521/2000/R658 59.80- 61.45 1,65 <0.02 <1 49 17 27 352 1/2000/R658 61.45- 63.50 2,05 0,08 <1 230 14 25 3521/2000/R658 63.50- 65.00 1,50 0,02 203 27 27 352112000/R658 65.00- 66.30 1,30 0,04 2 566 20 36 3521/2000/R658 66.30- 68.30 2,00 <0.02 <1 73 32 24 3521/2000/R658 68.30- 70.30 2,00 0,02 <1 79 11 23 352112000/R658 70.30- 72.30 2,00 0,09 120 <10 22 3521 /2000/R658 72.30- 74.00 1,70 0,11 63 11 27 3521 /2000lR658 74.00· 75.20 1,20 <0.02 <1 67 26 22 352112oo0/R658 75.20- 77.20 2,00 <0.02 <1 46 20 18 3521 /200OlR658 77.20- 79.20 2,00 0,06 <1 30 10 21 352112000/R658 79.20- 81.70 2,50 0,04 <1 24 <10 21 3521 /2000/R658 81.70- 83.20 1,50 0,04 <1 15 11 19 352 1/2000/R658 83.20- 85.20 2,00 0,35 <1 64 34 21 3521/2000/R658 85.20- 87.20 2,00 0,08 <1 22 22 19 3521/2000/R658 87.20- 89.20 2,00 <0.02 <1 13 12 20 3521/2000/R658 89.20- 91.20 2,00 0,07 <1 42 <10 51 3521/2000/R658 91.20- 93.80 2,60 0,10 <1 40 23 22 3521/2000/R658 93.80- 95.00 1,20 0,17 2 52 90 34 3521/2000/R658 95.00- 96.95 1,95 0,09 45 54 32 3521/2 000/R658 96.95- 98.15 1,20 0,15 106 46 30 3521 /2000/R658 98.15-100.15 2,00 0,39 4 169 182 190 3521 /2000/R658100.1 5-102.50 2,35 1,12 12 317 294 138 3521 /2000/R658102.50-103.50 1,00 2,36 21 288 23 21 3521 /2 000/R658103.50-105.10 1,60 0,60 4 50 26 75 -js2-1-/2ooOiR65ii;o5.-;-o--1-os:so----o:so------o,-;o------;------79------13------;-1-2------'------ 3521 /2000/R6581 05.60-1 06.20 0,60 0,57 4 271 191 351 3521/2000/R6581 06.20-108.20 2,00 55,20 221 2680 7920 3910 3521 /2 000/R6581 08.20-1 09.40 1,20 53,90 309 4380 7630 4520 352112000/R6581 09.40-1 09.70 0,30 0,50 33 2690 916 734 3521/2000/R6581 09.70-110.25 0,55 99,80 364 5860 22 100 22600 3521/2000/R6581 1 0.25-111.45 1,20 9,54 241 8620 2800 1640 3521/2000/R6581 1 1.45-112.50 ' 1,05 0,19 3 27 92 29 352 1/2000/R6581 12.50-112.85 0,35 6,42 49 114 120 409 3521/2 000/R6581 1 2.85-113.50 0,65 2,27 41 1750 99 206 •• 2 (2) Appendix 6.3 (3) C/M06/3S21 12000/2/1 0 Naytetunnus Pituus Au Ag Cu Pb Zn Sample label Length ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm m 705A 511P 511P 511P 511P 352112ooOlR658116.1 0-118.1 0 2,00 0,22 2 75 18 77 3521 /2 000lR65811 B.l (J..120.10 2,00 0,17 2 63 lB 77 3521 /2000lR65B120.10-122.40 2,30 0,30 2 71 lB 72 3521/2000lR65B122.4D-123.75 1,35 0,1 5 110 <10 8 352112000/R65B123.75-124.1S 0,40 0,07 2 105 12 99 352112000/R6SB124.1S-126.15 2,00 0,04 <1 50 12 32 3521/2000/R6SB126.1S-12B.1S 2,00 0,04 <1 61 <10 14 3S21/2000/R6SB12B.1S-130.1S 2,00 0,06 <1 BO <10 13 3S21/2000/R6SB130.1S-1 32.2S 2,10 0,02 <1 116 <10 12 ) t Appendix 7 C/M06/3521!200012110 Niiytetunnus Kivilaji Pituus Au Ag Cu Pb Zn Sample label Rock type Length ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm 705A 511P 511P 511P 511P 3521t2000/R659260.10-262.10 quartz feldspar porphyry 2,00 0,09 <1 60 12 27 _q~g_1!?.!l_~g~t:!?_s.~_2.~g, !~??_3"!l_S. __'l~~~~!~~d.~e~!E~,e~y!y ______~J..s. ______.!l,~!l______3 ______~~______?_s. _____ £l_~ _q~g~!g.!l.~g~t:!?_s.~_2.~~,~~:??_s.~_s. __'l~~,~_~~~'! ______~c~~ ______.!l,~!l______~L ______!~______]_ _: _____ ;l_~ 352112000/R659 265.15-267.15 quartz feldspar porphyry 2,00 0,60 4 68 29 29 3521/2000lR659267.15-269.15 quartz feldspar porphyry 2,00 0,29 2 92 15 32 3521/200OlR659 269.15-271.15 quartz feldspar porphyry 2.00 0,26 2 132 40 39 35211200OlR659 271.15-273.15 quartz feldspar porphyry 2,00 0,32 2 103 72 40 35211200OlR659273.15-274.25 quartz feldspar porphyry 1,10 0,20 1 92 86 38 _q~?~!?.!l.~g!F.I?_S.~_2.~~,?~:?!'?"?_S. __'l~~~!~~d.~e~!~,e~Y!L ______2.cqQ ______P2.!l______~______~?______!l_2. _____ ?_s. ______352112000lR659276.25-277.25 quartz rock 1,00 3,32 40 51 1 1180 736 3521 /2000/R659277.25-278.25 quartz rock 1,00 4,43 46 532 309 125 -;;;~ -5OJ.)o.r; E o c ~ 3521 /2000/R659278.25-279.25 quartz rock 1,00 13,90 192 1780 665 262 - 2l '" 3521/2000/R659 279.25-280.60 quartz rock 1,35 27,10 247 4560 4900 2570 ------.------~------.--- _q~?_1!?.!l_~g~t:!?_S.~_2.~g,~?!l_2.?_S. __'l~~!1!_!~~d.~e~!E~,e~Y!y ______~~_S. ______~,?_~ ______?L _____2.!~ ______~!l_ _: _____ !los. _q~?_1!?.!l.~g~t:!?_S.~_2.~?,~~:?!l_3"!l_~ __.. I!~,~~_~~t,~"'~!i~_~?!~~~!~!!'_c_~ _____~~S. ______.!l,~£l______£l______~~ ______?_~ ____ !?_2. 3521/2000/R659283.90-286.60 quartz feldspar porphyry 2,70 0,16 <1 70 12 37 • '.