Warwick Asean Conference 2015 Road to Asean Economic Community 2015: Integration and Impact

1 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 ROAD TO ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY 2015: INTEGRATION AND IMPACT

SUNDAY, 22ND FEBRUARY 2015 BIRMINGHAM REPERTORY THEATRE

Sponsored by: 2 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Sponsored by: what we do? and Who are we Students, amongst others), we believe that thisisabrilliant Association UKandthe&Eire Council ofMalaysian Students’ Association UK,theVietnamese Student bodies (such asBruneiStudents’ UnionUK,Indonesian collaboration withthevarious national-level ASEAN student students eagerto advocate theASEAN dialogue, in ASEAN societiesinouruniversity aswell asWarwick With ateam consisting ofrepresentatives from allthe that thecontinuity ofthecohesion endures. role to ensure that theefforts placed are notinvain, and only meanthat theyouth would have to play anever wider physical aswell aspeopleconnectivity, thesedevelopments 2015, andtheregion continues to integrate itsinstitutional, Community 2015 dawns upontheregion come December but alsochallengesthat await us.AstheASEAN Economic is crucialfor usto understand notonlytheopportunities workforce withinthenext oneto three years, we believe it shifting towards. Being thegeneration that willenter the well asunderstand theprogress andchangetheregion is engage more onthecurrent happeningsintheregion as the hopesofASEAN students that youth would beableto The Warwick ASEAN Conference 2015 isarealisation of University ofWarwick Warwick ASEAN Conference 2015, Coordinator, MUHAMMAD HAZIMBINMOHAMAD opportunities. learning boulevard, butalsoonewhichopensdoorsof of ASEAN whichpromises notonlyto beaspectacular to bepartofthisexhilarating journey towards theprogress rhythms ofourmultifarious ASEAN culture. We invite you a platform to stimulate criticaldiscussions withtheunique it offers afascinating experience to develop thinkingand a mere engagementofspeakers to discuss issues; rather our members.The Warwick ASEAN Conference 2015 isnot avenue to provide meaningfulanddiverse experiences for Message from theCoordinator

3 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 4 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Itinerary Time 17:55 17:25 17:15 16:30 16:15 15:00 13:45 12:30 11:15 10:40 10:25 10:15 09:00 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 18:00 17:55 17:25 17:15 16:30 16:15 15:00 13:45 12:30 11:15 10:40 10:25 10:15 Registration, Refreshments, Visiting Sponsors’&Partners’ Events ‘ASEAN Economic Community: ABusiness Perspective’ Corporate Panel (Forum, Q&A) Break region’ ‘Social andcultural changes theAECwould bringto the Socio-Culture Session (Forum, Q&A) Prayers Lunch Break, Networking Lunch,Visiting theBooths & ‘Will theASEAN Economic Community work?’ Economic Session (Forum, Q&A) ‘ASEAN andSecurityChallengesinthe21st Century’ Political –SecuritySession (Forum, Q&A) Opening Keynote Address ASEAN Chair Officiating Speechby theRepresentative ofthe Coordinator Opening Remarks by theEmcees andSpeechby the Booths Closing Remarks by theCommittee andAdjourn Closing Keynote Address Special Address by ASEAN Youth Representative Korn Chatikavanij Professor Danny Quah Jones) Dr. Gerard Lyons Catherine Dr (Moderator: Speakers (Moderator: Datuk SK Lingam) SK Soksamphoas Mea Datuk (Moderator: Panel Discussion &Q&A Dr. MohammadNazirOBE Elias) Juanita Dr (Moderator: Panel Discussion andQ&A Sinapan Samydorai Dr. Alice MNah Dr. JanetCochrane Dr. Dessy Irawati FeRSA Rethel) Lena Dr (Moderator: Panel Discussion andQ&A Panel Discussion andQ&A Nicola Stewart Professor DuncanMcCargo H.E. Sayakane Sisouvong Tan SriTony Fernandes High Commissioner ofMalaysia Muhammad HazimBinMohamad

(Moderator: Datuk SK Lingam) SK Soksamphoas Mea Datuk (Moderator: Panel Discussion &Q&A Dr. MohammadNazirOBE Elias) Juanita Dr (Moderator: Panel Discussion andQ&A Sinapan Samydorai Dr. Alice MNah Dr. JanetCochrane Dr. Dessy Irawati FeRSA Rethel) Lena Dr (Moderator: Panel Discussion andQ&A Korn Chatikavanij Professor Danny Quah Jones) Dr. Gerard Lyons Catherine Dr (Moderator: Panel Discussion andQ&A Nicola Stewart Professor DuncanMcCargo H.E. Sayakane Sisouvong Tan SriTony Fernandes High Commissioner ofMalaysia Muhammad HazimBinMohamad

Sponsored by: Introduction Speakers Group ChiefExecutive Officer AirAsia ‘Travel Business Leaders Award’ winnerby CNBC. New York-based business magazineFast Company, andawarded theinaugural He was namedasoneoftheworld’s most creative peopleinbusiness for 2011 by government, thehighest award that canbeconferred onanon-French national. 2010, hereceived theOfficer oftheLegion d’Honneuraward from theFrench promote commercial andeducational linksbetween theUKandMalaysia. In Empire, conferred by Her Majesty QueenElizabethIIin2011 for services to His awards includetheHonorofCommander oftheOrder oftheBritish President ofWarner MusicSouthEast Asia. Director, Warner MusicSouth East Asiain1996.In1999, hewas theVice to ManagingDirector, Warner MusicMalaysia in1992 andto Regional Managing London before joiningWarner MusicInternational London in1989. Promoted Prior to AirAsia,hewas theFinancialController ofVirgin Communications has beentheGroup CEOofAirAsiasince December 2001. Graduated from EpsomCollege, London SchoolofEconomics, Tony Fernandes TONY FERNANDES (TAN SRI) Speakers’ Profiles

5 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 6 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Speakers’ Profiles POLITICAL –SECURITYSESSION Community 2009-2014 Deputy Secretary-General ofASEAN for ASEAN Political-Security Laos Ambassador to theUK; than adozen othernewspapers, infive different languages. The DailyTelegraph, The Economist, The Guardian, The Independent,andmore op-ed andanalysis pieces have appeared intheprinteditionsofTime magazine, provides live commentary for theBBCandotherleadingbroadcasters; whilehis and Singapore, andhaswritten onIndonesiaandVietnam. McCargo often fieldwork. Aregular visitor to Asia,hehasalsoresearched inCambodia,Japan the ongoinginsurgency inSouthernThailand, where hehasdoneextensive the militaryandpolitics,career ofThaksin Shinawatra, andmost recently McCargo’s research hascovered electoral politics,thepoliticalrole ofthemedia, which heisoneoftheworld’s leadingscholars. University ofLeeds andisbest known for hiswork onthepoliticsofThailand, on of Southeast Asia.HeisalsotheProfessor of Southeast Asianpoliticsat the Southeast AsianStudies -theWorld’s largest organisation devoted to thestudy Professor DuncanMcCargo isthePresident oftheEuropean Association of Studies President ofEuropean Association for Southeast Asian Professor ofPolitical Science at theUniversity ofLeeds; Affairs andTrade from ANUandstudied at Thammasat University inThailand. Universidad Central deLasVillas, Cuba,aswell asagraduate diplomainForeign Relations from Australia National University inCanberra, andLinguistics from His Excellency Sayakane Sisouvong holdstwo Masters’ degrees inInternational Secretary from 1986to 1991. Prior to thishehadworked intheLaos’Embassy to theUnited States asSecond the NorthAmericaDivision,Europe andAmericaDepartmentfrom 1991to 1993. Division, Asia-Pacific andAfrica Departmentfrom 1995 to 1996,andDirector of General oftheASEAN departmentfrom 1996to 1998,Director oftheASEAN Director General oftheASEAN departmentfrom 1998to 2007, DeputyDirector this heheldvarious positionswithintheLaosMinistry ofForeign Affairs as official for ASEAN Political Affairs at theLaosSeniorOfficialMeeting.Before position hehadbeentheAmbassador-at-Large from 2007 to 2009andsenior for ASEAN Political-Security Community since February 2009. Priorto this Kingdom. Priorto beingtheAmbassador, hewas theDeputySecretary-General His Excellency Sayakane Sisouvong istheLaoAmbassador to theUnited PROFESSOR DUNCAN MCCARGO HIS EXCELLENCY SAYAKANE SISOUVONG Sponsored by: ECONOMIC SESSION Economics (PPE)from St. John’s College, University ofOxford. Korn Chatikavanij graduated withBA(Hons) inPhilosophy, Politics and Banker (anaffiliated publication oftheFinancialTimes). Year 2010” and“Asia-Pacific Finance Minister oftheYear 2010” awards from the In December 2009, Korn Chatikavanij received “GlobalFinance Minister ofthe October 2004. Morgan Securities(Thailand). He leftto runfor Bangkok MemberofParliament in Fleming andJPMorgan, hebecamepresident andsubsequentlychairmanofJP Jardine Flemingandwas itspresident for 11years. After themerger ofJardine age at SGWarburg, London. Hethenco-founded JFThanakom Securitieswith Much ofKorn Chatikavanij’s career was spentinthefinance sector since hisearly from 2000-2004. Previously, hewas president andchairmanofJPMorgan Securities(Thailand) Korn served asFinance Minister oftheKingdomThailand from 2008to 2011. Korn Chatikavanij iscurrently chairmanofThailand Democrat Party Policy Unit. Former Finance Minister ofThailand 2008-2011 Chairman ofThailand Democrat Party Policy Unit; and theMonetaryAuthority ofSingapore. Advisory Council andasConsultant for the BankofEngland,theWorld Bank, Quah hasserved previously asCouncil MemberonMalaysia’s National Economic India andChina. Gulf, onatrajectory that continues to take ittowards theboundarybetween and 2010 that economic center ofgravity moved 5,000 kmeast, to thePersian and 20thcenturies, pulledby theriseofeconomies intheeast. Between 1980 gravity outofthemid-Atlantic location where ithadbeenfor most ofthe19th Quah calls“The Great ShiftEast” themove intheworld’s economic center of of Economics andPolitical Science. and Director oftheSaw Swee HockSoutheast AsiaCentre at theLondon School Professor Danny QuahisProfessor ofEconomics andInternational Development, Director oftheSaw Swee HockSoutheast AsiaCentre LSE Professor ofEconomics andInternational Development; forecaster globallyby Bloomberg (out ofover 360)in2010 and2011. 1.6 percent versus aconsensus riseof0.9 percent. Hewas ranked numberone then predicting animminentdeeprecession for theUK,forecasting aGDPfall of before thecollapse ofLehman Brothers, hewas oneofonlytwo UKeconomists He isarespected forecaster ontheglobaleconomy. InAugust 2008,themonth Davos, andmany highprofile events here intheUK. meetings oftheInstitute for International Finance, theWorld Economic Forum in and meetings,includingtheannualmeetingofIMF, theannualandspring He hasbeenaregular speaker at majordomestic andworld financialconferences Chartered. formerly ChiefEconomist andGroup HeadofGlobalResearch at Standard Dr Gerard Lyons, ChiefEconomic Adviser to theMayor ofLondon. Hewas Chief Economic Adviser to theMayor ofLondon KORN CHATIKAVANIJ PROFESSOR DANNY QUAH DR. GERARD LYONS Speakers’ Profiles

7 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 8 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Speakers’ Profiles SOCIO-CULTURE SESSION Network. International Detention Coalition andAdvisor to theAsiaPacific Refugee Rights civil societyorganisations andnetworks, servingastheVice President ofthe Association’s SociologyofRightsStudy Group. Shealsoworks closelywith Rights, andUrbanStudies. She isaCo-Convenor oftheBritishSociological Social Sciences, JournalofHumanRightsPractice, Australian JournalofHuman has previously publishedinpeer-reviewed journals suchastheAsianJournalof asylum inAsiaaswell as thesecurityofhumanrightsdefenders at risk.She Human Rights,University ofYork. Sheconducts research onmigration and Dr Alice M.NahisaResearch andTeaching Fellow at theCentre for Applied Rights, University ofYork Research andTeaching Fellow, Centre for AppliedHuman Academy andotherpartners. part ofamulti-disciplinaryandmulti-institutional team fundedby theBritish and economic costs andbenefitsofWorld HeritageSites inSouthEast Asia,as Dr Janet’s current research interests are concerned withunderstanding thesocial has achieved considerable success infundraising for community projects. background intraining for tourism, particularlyrural tourism andecotourism, and tourism industry, becoming afull-timeacademicin2004.Shehasstrong last 30years shehasworked inoverseas development, broadcasting and the South East Asia,andiswell ableto adaptto multi-cultural situations. Over the Dr JanetCochrane haslived andworked inmany partsoftheworld, particularly Leeds Beckett University School ofEvents, Tourism andHospitality Senior Research Fellow, guest speaker andainvited scholar. region. Shehaspresented papersinEurope andotherInternational venues asa developing economies, specificallyinEurope and theASEAN (Southeast Asian) norms, values andhumanelementinstudying innovation indeveloped and network calledSDIN(SocialDynamicsofInnovation Networks) promoting the As apassionate ASEAN Scholar, sheiscurrently involved inanew research fellowship. Indonesian andoneofonlytwo from ASEAN region to have beengranted the FeRSA (Fellow ofRegional Studies Association) in2011, makinghertheonly Association (I-4for Indonesia).Shewas granted theprestigious fellowship- Netherlands andsheisalsothePresident for International IndonesianScholars Consultant andBusiness Representative at BankNegara Indonesia(BNI)inthe Dr Dessy Irawati FeRSA currently holdsapositionasFull-Time Executive Indonesia) intheNetherlands Full-time Executive Consultant ofBNI(BankNegara CEO andFounder ofeduPRIME; President for International IndonesianScholarsAssociation; DR. ALICE M NAH DR. JANET COCHRANE DR. DESSY IRAWATI

FeRSA Sponsored by: ASEAN YOUTH REPRESENTATIVE Junior ChamberInternational -Cambodia. a National Debating SpeakingChampionshipin2014 andPublic organized by the Pour Les Enfants organisation from 2013 -2014. Shewas appointed asajudgeat called Hopefor Happiness Center in2010 andwas aProject Officer at Action human rightsprotection. Shewas theCo-founder ofalocalNGOinCambodia NGOs inCambodiaconcerning from primary education development sector to Prior to AYLA, Soksamphoaswas working withvarious international andlocal Diplomatic Studies from theEuropean Academy ofDiplomacy. University ofLeuven, Belgium.Apartfrom these, shealsoholdsaDiplomain Politics andInternational Relations from Paññasastra University, Cambodiaand with OpenSocietyFoundations. Shegraduated Degree ajointBachelor’s in at DurhamUniversity, UK,andaCivilSocietyLeadership Scholarassociate Currently aPostgraduate candidate inDefence, Development andDiplomacy Leaders’ Association -AYLA Deputy Secretary General ofExternal Affairs to ASEAN Youth the rightsofmigrant workers’ rightsto engagetheASEAN MemberStates. civil societyorganizations (CSOs) working ontheprotection andpromotion of The Task Force onASEAN Migrant Workers (TFAMW) isaregional platform for of therightmigrant workers, andthebuildingofASEAN Community. Charter, thedrafting oftheASEAN Declaration oftheprotection andpromotion recommendations to theASEAN MemberStates onthedrafting oftheASEAN Workers to engagewiththerelevant ASEAN process to provide people-centred who played akey role intheformation oftheTask Force onASEAN Migrant In 2006,hewas oneofthecivilsocietyregional leadersfrom across theregion Task Force onASEAN Migrant Workers. worked at theregional level onlabourrights.Heiscurrently theConvener ofthe Sinapan Samydorai started organising migrant workers inthe1980sandhas Convener oftheTask Force onMigrant Workers SOKSAMPHOAS IM MEAS SINAPAN SAMYDORAI Speakers’ Profiles

9 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 10 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Speakers’ Profiles CORPORATE PANEL Centre, etc. based charitiessuchastheMeltingPot Foundation, theAfro AsianRehabilitation the past heldthepositionofChairmanandPresident ofvarious UKcommunity “Datuk” akinto theBritishknighthoodwhichcarries thetitle“Sir.” SK hasalsoin acknowledged by HisMajesty, theKingofMalaysia withanaward ofthetitle In recognition ofhisservices to hisnative heath (Malaysia) in2014 SKwas Malaysian LinkUK(MLUK) tillpresent. (FMG) inLondon andiscurrently thefounding member andfirst Chairmanof member ofMalaysia UKAssociation (MUKA) andThe Focus Malaysia Group Business Network, basedinBrussels. SKwas alsothefounding andformer Further SKwas theimmediate former First Vice President ofASEAN –EU Chairman oftheAUBF since itsinception.. the ASEAN UKBusiness Forum (AUBF). Hehasbeenelected andunopposed he isaUniversity ofLondon BookPrize winner. Hewas thefirst Chairmanof Datuk SKLingam(SK)isanInternational corporate consultant. To hiscredit Senior Vice President ofFriendsBarisanNasionalUK Chairman ofMalaysian LinkUK(MLUK) President ofASEAN UKBusiness Forum (AUBF) Authority where healsochaired thequalityandperformance board. was appointed Vice Chaironto theboard oftheWest MidlandsStrategic Health (setup by thePrimeMinister) chaired by theRegional Ministers. Recently, he During thecredit crunchcrisisheserved ontheCouncil ofEconomic Advisors Forum, European Youth Enterprise Board andWest MidlandsBusiness Council. He hasserved onmany boards, includingtheNational Ministerial Business Forum. region. For 10years hechaired theWest MidlandsEthnicMinorityBusiness UKTI diversity project, whichresulted inmajorboost oftrade withintheASEAN British business andbusinesses located withintheASEAN region. Hechaired the development working withUKTI to activitypromote bilateral trade between Amongst many varied roles hehasbeenactively involved inInternational trade Majesty theQueenfor “Services to Business”. integrated HalalsupplychaininEurope. In2010 hewas awarded theOBEby Her growing International Halalbrand, inwhichhisrole isto create first ever totally Dr MohammadNazirOBEiscurrently servingasadirector andCEOofafast- CEO, GhanimInternational UKLtd. DR. MOHAMMAD NAZIR OBE DATUK SK LINGAM Sponsored by: Moderators Southeast Asia. Political Economy, Political Economy ofMalaysia andLabourMigration in of International Political Economy andGlobalisation, theHouseholdinGlobal include: International Political Economy, Gendered approaches to theStudy textbook International Relations: The Basics(2007). Herresearch interests Political Economy ofThe HouseholdinAsia(2013) andco-author ofthe Employment inaGlobalisingWorld (2004),co-editor ofthebookThe Global is theauthorofFashioning Inequality:The Multinational FirmandGendered Economy, International Feminist JournalofPolitics andThe Pacific Review. She Economy andSociety, Third World Quarterly, Review ofInternational Political She haspublishedherwork injournalssuchasInternational Political Sociology, Research Council Future Fellowship (2010-2013). from GriffithUniversity, Brisbane, Australia, where sheheldanAustralian Economy; PhDPolitics andInternational Studies). ShejoinsWarwick University History –first class) andtheUniversity ofWarwick (MAInternational Political was educated at theUniversity ofManchester (BA(Hons) Politics andModern Dr. JuanitaEliasisAssociate Professor inInternational Political Economy. She of Warwick Department ofPolitics andInternational Studies, University Associate Professor inInternational Political Economy Program at theUniversity ofReading. was generously fundedby theLeverhulme Trust through itsLiberal Way ofWar the potential effects for theinternational development architecture). The PhD Protect); andInternational Development (includingtheChina’s role at Busanand on: Sovereignty at theUN(includingdevelopment oftheResponsibility to China issupposedto present. Specifically, itlooked at China’s role indebates particularly focusing attention ontheideologicaldimensionofchallengethat The thesisfocuses onChina’s engagementwithinternational institutions China Challengingthenormsandpractices oftheLiberal International Order?’ thesis entitled:‘ChinaandtheLiberal International Order: How istheRiseof To date themajorityofherresearch hascentred around herrecently submitted Doctoral Research Fellow. Dr. Catherine JonesjoinedWarwick inOctober 2012 astheEast AsianPost- University ofWarwick Department ofPolitics andInternational Studies East AsiaPost-Doctoral Research Fellow finance. development, trajectories ofemerging market debtandtheemergence ofIslamic of projects that explore therelationship between financialsystem changeand developments intheSoutheast Asiaregion. Currently, sheisworking onarange and thesocio-economic implications ofthesechanges.Shehasfocused on leads to institutional change(inparticulartheexpansion ofcapitalmarkets) common sensesthat underpinfinancialpolicymaking, thequestion ofhow this Substantively, herwork sofar hasconcentrated onboththetheoriesand a few ofherinterests. Disciplinary Parameters andSpatial Location ofContemporary IPE,to namejust Financialisation andthePolitics ofDebt,Alternative Globalisations andthe Conceptually, thisincludestheRelationship between Finance andDevelopment, broad areas ofthePolitical Economy ofFinance andSoutheast Asianpolitics. International Political Economy. Herresearch interests are concentrated inthe Dr. Lena Rethel joinedPAIS inAugust 2011 andisnow Associate Professor of of Warwick Department ofPolitics andInternational Studies, University Associate Professor ofInternational Political Economy, DR. JUANITA ELIAS DR. CATHERINE JONES DR. LENA RETHEL Moderators’ Profiles

11 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 12 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: ASEAN Way? and securitypolicy? Orcanitmaintainsolidarityandbalance theinterests ofexternal powers intheregion withthe • Will amilitarily-weak, butstrategically-important ASEAN needto pursue politicalintegration to forge acommon foreign areas against 4ASEAN membersandseeksto increase itsnaval power intheAsia-Pacific region. • The SouthChinaSeadispute willtest theefficiency oftheASEAN Way asChinaispressing itsclaimover thedisputed ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF),theEast AsiaSummit(EAS), andASEAN Defence Ministers MeetingPlus(ADMM-Plus). • ASEAN’s informal andinclusive approach hasinvolved external states inASEAN-led securityinstitutions includingthe particularly theUSandChina. • The economic success ofASEAN rests uponregional peace andstability which,inturn,dependonmajorpowers, ASEAN andAsia-Pacificregionalsecurity hinder theeffective politicalandsecurityarchitecture ofASEAN? or potential conflicts that could affect theinterests oftheregion asawhole. DoesASEAN’s non-interference contribute or • AsASEAN moves towards greater integration, there isanurgent needfor more robust mechanismsto dealwithactual grievances that may beexploited by terrorist groups andveteran militants returning from Iraq andSyria. • AlthoughASEAN doesnotdirectly launchoffensive against theIS,itsmembersmust becautiouswithhomegrown generated aboutUSD$100billionperyear, andthepoppy cultivation inthe‘GoldenTriangle’ was rising. • In2014, theUnited Nations Office onDrugsandCrime(UNODC)reported that transnational crimeinSoutheast Asia • Otherissues like transnational crimeandterrorism are likely to exacerbate inaborder-free ASEAN. • The disappointingperformance ofASEAN in thesesituations raises concern to theASEAN Way ofnon-interference. Malaysia, thePhilippines,Indonesiaetc.). complex, anddomestic insurgencies, suchastheSouthernThailand conflicts, AbuSayyaf andJemaahIslamiyah (in • ASEAN hasnotprevented occasional border clashes,suchasThailand-Cambodia fighting over thePreah Vihear temple Can ASEANsustainitsnon-interferencestance? pooling ofdecision-makingpower to ASEAN institutions; ortheASEAN Way canadaptto the21st century? Will thesechallengesnecessitate someforms ofpoliticalintegration i.e. closecooperation amongmemberstates andthe could have spill-over effects onregional stability. How canASEAN overcome, orat least mitigate, thesesecurityconcerns? has provided asolidplatform for economic development andtheAEC.However, anumberofsecurityissues persist which as the‘Balkans oftheEast’ anda‘region ofdominoes’(Acharya 2001), theregion isonthewholepeaceful andstable. This decision-making, loosestructure andconflict avoidance instead ofconflict management(Acharya 1995). Once described The development ofASEAN hasbeenunderpinnedby the“ASEAN Way” whichemphasisesinformal rules,consensual How canASEANmanagesecuritychallengesinthe21st century? POLITICAL –SECURITY COUNCIL Topics of Discussion Sponsored by: of theEUwhileavoiding theimpactofacommon currency. planned to launchinDecember 2015, ASEAN nations hopeto replicate allthepositive attributes andeconomic outcomes ASEAN isalready receiving more FDIsthanChina,receiving atotal of$128billioninvestment in2013. With theAEC that institutions willhave onpotential returns. vestigate theavailability ofcredit indeveloping members,how they mightraise financingfor their ventures andtheimpact will notrequire working visaswhichwillallow interesting dynamicsonflows oftalentandknowledge spillovers. We willin ASEAN memberstates. Following from this,we explore employment andmigration asundertheAEC,workers inASEAN opportunities. Inthiswe shallexplore humancapitaldevelopment, a crucialaspectbeingeducation whichdiffers across With large long-term drivers, itisimperative that there are capabilitieson-the-ground inorder to execute thesebusiness D. DoingbusinessinASEAN centive to sustain theireconomic growth. with China,SouthKorea andJapanwhenAECisestablished, andwhetherless developed countries willhave enoughin Sustainability issues arisewithwhetherthiswillbeenoughto make ASEAN thefrontrunner oftheAsianeconomy onpar to ensure highincome doesnotleadto widerincome disparityandto respond effectively to business concerns. come. The challengesthey are facing inorder to sustain thegrowth spurtsare to exploit export rival China’s higherwage, become high-income countries andcountries like Cambodia,LaosandMyanmar would have tripledtheirpercapitain positive signbefore the community isofficially established. Ifthegrowth target isachieved, 4ofthememberstates would The AECisdueto commence thisyear (31st December 2015) andthegrowth ofASEAN memberstates are showing C. ASEANandtheWorld other, andcomparative advantages willhave to bedeveloped over time. been atough goalmainlybecauseto someextent Aseaneconomies are notcomplementary, i.e., they compete witheach to compete withotherregional organizations, suchastheAsianDevelopment Bank.Aseaneconomic cooperation has struggles to recruit well-educated staff from countries like Singapore andBrunei,or Development ofsoundinstitutions are crucial.The ASEAN Secretariat hasbeenreported assignificantlyunderstaffed, and order to furtherreduce non-trade barriers? Will there ever beacommon currency area? We willaddress theseissues. sources amongst the10memberstates. However, isitenough? Shouldthere beamove to theassimilation of regulations in and thebest resources intheblocutilised.Regional giantswillbecreated from thembeingableto harness thebest re The free flow ofgoodswillallow scaleeconomies to beachieved, improving welfare for consumers asvariety isincreased B. Thesignificanceoffreetradeandpossiblefurtherintegration foreign direct investment whichmay impedeflows ofcapital. of localsfrom theirjobs.Additionally, there are concerns oninstitutional quality, varying legalsystems andthecapson ing members,butitIsnotwithoutpitfalls. There are concerns ontheloss ofhumancapitalandthe possible displacement All thesewilladdto catch-up growth for developing ASEAN membersaswell asincreased growth opportunitiesfor exist market inefficienciesandenhance specialization ofgoodsandservices innations withcomparative advantage. Cultural diversity willbringcompanies new skillsandmindset,addingto long-term growth. The free trade area willslash sufficient young talentto supportfuture economic growth whileimplementingpoliciesto retain andattract theseworkers. mobility willsetanew benchmarkfor thequalityofASEAN workers- nations willundergo educational reforms to produce from therelaxation ofwork permitrules(3)strong domestic demandand(4)influxofforeign investment. Increased labour We expect to seeregional economic growth driven primarilythrough (1)outsourcing (2)improvements inproductivity A. DriversofASEANgrowthanddevelopment ECONOMIC COUNCIL Topics ofDiscussion - - - - - 13 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 14 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Topics ofDiscussion crucial methodsto combat poverty could beraised anddiscussed thoroughly duringtheASEAN conference. the importance ofimplementingmore practical training schemesorexpanding thenetwork ofbasicnecessity provisions, nizations to minimize thesocialimpactofcrisisincludingthoserelated to socialsafety netservices. By highlighting programs through mobilization ofexisting socialresources andpartnershipsbetween GOsandNGOsand/or socialorga tribute to theimprovement ofcapacitysocialplannersandcivilsocietyincludingNGOsto managepoverty alleviation was organised by theNational Family PlanningCoordinating Board ofIndonesia.This training program aimedto con for Strengthening ofFacilitators’ SkillsofDevelopment Related Program for Poverty Alleviation ofASEAN Countries which low thepoverty line whoare concentrated inunderdeveloped areas. ASCC hadpreviously conducted theTraining Program Poverty alleviation hasalways beenakey topic inmemberstates whoare keen to increase livingstandards for thosebe C. PovertyAllevation the fundamentalchallengesofaccess andconsistent, high-qualityteacher training. scale upefforts to buildmore inclusive education systems, andifitisdeployed effectively, itcould play arole insolving step forward inaddressing theskillsgap, especiallyinCambodia,Laos,andMyanmar. Technology could accelerate and of Southeast Asia,andto enhance teaching qualityandstudent achievement across theboard. This would beacritical the promise ofpotentially bringingbetter education andvocational training to even themost remote villagesandislands learning outcomes—and how to fundtheseefforts. Technology-based instruction andschoolmanagementsystems hold Much ofSoutheast Asiaisengagedinadebate aboutthemost effective ways to expand access to education andimprove B. TechnologythroughEducationcanimproveworkprospects mobility willalsobediscussed. ted. The issue oftrade indomestic workers- i.e. groups ofworkers that were excluded from AECagreements onlabour temporary movement ofskilledworkers across companies withintheregion. Permanent workers’ relocation isnotpermit means that itsshort-term impactonimproving labourconditions willlikely belimited. Besides,theAECwillonlyallow the ment of‘skilled’ labouracross ASEAN membercountries anddoesnotincludeprovisions for unskilledlabourmigration than 1percent oftotal employment onaverage andwillnotsatisfy demand.The fact that theAECtargets thefree move and domestic work sectors. Italsonotes that thefree flow ofskilledworkers that willcome inwiththeAECaffects less dium skilledworkers, aflow whichislikely to increase inresponse to demand,particularlyintheconstruction, agricultural According to areport by theInternational LabourOrganization, migration withinASEAN currently focuses onlow andme A. Issuesofmigrantworkersandlabourmobility(underASEAN EconomicCommunityFramework) SOCIO-CULTURAL COUNCIL ------Sponsored by: Source: ASEAN Youths’ Leadership Association (AYLA) - https://aylaasean.wordpress.com/about/ - (AYLA) Association Leadership Youths’ ASEAN Source: challenges ofachangingworld. especially theyouth, ontheupcoming ASEAN Economic Community; to keep theyouth community responsive to the This isto create astrong connection amongallthemember-states ofASEAN andto enhance people’s awareness, most development through socialservices like youth empowerment, volunteer programs andotherinternational activities. welcome theexciting ASEAN OneCommunity. As thefuture leadersofthisregion, we are fullydedicated to growth and This session provides aprofound platform for youths to experience andgive in-depthlearningonASEAN to celebrate and ASEAN YOUTH SESSION infrastructure aninternal free trade area. We explore theseissues furtherwithourseasonedpanelofspeakers. accepted by all.Infindingamarket for thesegoods,muchmore headway hasbeenmadewithcross-border investments in nition ofprofessional qualifications. However, even thishasrunupto problems ofnational policiesandisnotuniversally question ofhumancapitalrequired intheseregions, withastep forward beingthevisafacilitation program andrecog Doing Business Index willhighlightthesehugedisparitiesinterms ofaccess to credit andregulations. Then, there isthe degree ofvariance inthebusiness environment between different nations –just aglance at theWorld Bank’s Easeof on theabilityofcorporations, bothwithin andoutsideASEAN, to setupoperations withinmemberstates. There isalarge With avast potential, itisimperative that theseresources are actionableinorder to drive results. Inthissession, we focus CORPORATE PANEL Topics ofDiscussion - 15 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 16 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Events andOperations Logistics Team Marketing &MediaTeam Sponsorship Team ADMINISTRATION TEAM THE EXECUTIVES The Team 2015 Alvidyan Virgarazman Head ofSponsorship Marketing (External) Marketing (Internal) Head ofEvents and Muhammad Hazim Head ofMarketing Phoom Pentrakul Head ofLogistics Deputy Headof Deputy Headof Syasya Ghazali Muliadi Utomo Media Director Le ThanhLam bin Mohamad Tampubolon Audrey Ang Coordinator Operations Singapore Alvin Ong Indonesia Indonesia Thailand Malaysia Malaysia Vietnam & Media Brunei Riza Septama Putra Deputy Coordinator External Marketing Internal Marketing Sponsorship Team (Administration) Cho KimQuan Logistics Team Lim Kah Seng Alyssa Chuah Media Team Izzat Haikal Hariz Nasir Indonesia Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia Team Team Felicia KhooWei Ying Alif Anwar Khambari Ahmad Soliheenbin Deputy Coordinator External Marketing Natradee Sripimai Internal Marketing Sponsorship Team (Talks &Research Logistics Team Naina Mathur Eriko Murao Media Team Head ofIT Councils) Malaysia Thailand Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia Ian Goh Saadon Japan Team Team India IT Sponsorship Team Internal Marketing Goh Yeow Chong Naoto Nishimura Nikhil Bhojwani Vich Gosonvich Sonali Melwani Logistics Team Ambassadors Yong ShiKai Video Editor Singapore Indonesia Indonesia Secretary Malaysia Manager Thailand Japan Team Social MediaTeam Social MediaTeam Artworks Manager Izzati Zawanah bt Huong DieuDang bt Wan Zulasmin Wan NurNabila Lim ChengYee Mohamed Izan Singapore Treasurer (Kaylee) Malaysia Malaysia Vietnam Sponsored by: Sociocultural Research Council Team Political-Security Research Council Team Economic Research Council Team Syadirah Awang Sayang Talks Team EMCEES DESIGNER TEAM TALKS AND RESEARCH TEAM Maharani Yasmine Putri Research Council Team Research Council Team Head ofSociocultural John Matthew Choo Yodsapon Chirawut Economic Research Head ofTalks Team Head ofEconomic Security Research Head ofPolitical- Alden Iswanto Lead Designer Council Team Council Team Lim JiaJun Singapore Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia Doey Yoo Thailand Malaysia Brunei Research Council Team Sociocultural Research Felicia KhooWei Ying Economic Research Political-Security Hilmy binHalim Designer Team Janesy Wong Syasya Ghazali Lee Yuan Yao Mohd Khairul Council Team Council Team Derrick Lim Talks Team Singapore Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia Brunei

Research Council Team Sociocultural Research Economic Research Joey Soehardjojo Political-Security Guan Yi Chuah Designer Team Lim May Fong Council Team Council Team Talks Team Singapore Indonesia Lena Yeo Jia Yi Oh Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia

Tommy Rattanasirivilai Research Council Team Sociocultural Research Nani Fazlur Rahman Economic Research Malavika Hemanth Political-Security Designer Team Council Team Council Team Ong Ee Fen Talks Team Azim Mia Thailand Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia India Economic Research Zuheir Zulkifely Council Team Malaysia The Team 2015 17 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 18 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsor –Platinum (SLTD) database.” the world police body’s Stolen andLost Travel Documents prospective passengers against information contained in the I-Checkitsystem to screen thepassports ofallits airline globallyto collaborate withINTERPOLto implement six consecutive years from 2009–2014. AirAsiaisthefirst Airline intheannualWorld AirlineSurvey by Skytrax for and beyond. AirAsiawas named theWorld’s Best Low Cost servicing anetwork stretching across allAseancountries based inMalaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, PhilippinesandIndia, Southeast AsianNations) airlinewithestablished operations The airlineisproud to beatrulyAsean(Association of two aircraft to over 180. carried over 250millionguests andgrown itsfleetfrom just destinations. Within 13years ofoperations, AirAsiahas Asia, services themost extensive network withover 90 AirAsia, theleadingandlargest low-cost carrierin About theAirAsiaGroup Air Asia Sponsors stilts whilefive-star hotels sitjust metres away from ancientreefs. theme of‘diversity’. Towering skyscrapers lookdown uponwooden housesbuilton One ofMalaysia’s key attractions isitsextreme contrasts whichfurtheraddto this of Labuan. (Sabah andSarawak ontheisland of Borneo) andathird federal territory, theisland separated by theSouthChinaSeafrom East Malaysia whichincludesthe2states territories (Kuala LumpurandPutrajaya) form Peninsular Malaysia whichis Geographically, Malaysia isalmost asdiverse asitsculture. 11states and2federal friendly. celebrating andsocialising.Asapeople, Malaysians are very relaxed, warm and paradise andhometo hundreds ofcolourful festivals. It’s nowonder that we love in peace andharmony. Ourmulticulturalism hasmadeMalaysia agastronomical religions where Malays, Indians,Chineseandmany otherethnicgroups live together To know Malaysia isto love Malaysia -abubbling,bustling melting-potofraces and founding oftheBSU. everlasting independence ofourcountry BruneiDarussalam 25years after the men andwomen ofthe present, contributing intheirown individualways to the The founding membersandthosewhofollowed themearlyonare now great United KingdomandEire. then andindeeduntilthefuture, theBSUreflects thewholeofstudents inthe social issues, student welfare, academicstudies orreligious understanding. From Through theUnion,membershelpedeachotherinallaspects,beitterms of lasting relationships. activities were organised to bringtogether BruneianStudents andto form long- UK andEire, designedto helpstudents feel ‘at home’away from Brunei.Events and organisation runby students for students. Astudent body representing those inthe Amongst thesestudents were somewhobelieved that there shouldbean sent to theUnited KingdomandIreland to study. Brunei were beingsentoverseas for highereducation. Agreat many ofthemwere The BruneiStudents’ Unionwas formed in1959. Itwas atimewhenstudents from employing more than8,000 peopleacross hundreds ofdifferent roles. Canary Wharf, 8CSisoneofthecountry’s tallest buildings,spanning42floorsand also hometo ourglobalheadquarters, 8CanadaSquare. Located intheheartof well asto subsidiarybrands like First Direct, M&S Money and HFC Bank.The UKis full range ofourcommercial, corporate, premier andprivate bankingservices -as England, Wales, Scotland andNorthernIreland, butourUKoffering extends to the HSBC intheUK–Ourretail bankingnetwork comprises over 1,500branches across services to millionsofcustomers. local knowledge withunmatched globalreach to provide acomprehensive range of extending to 9,500 offices in85countries andterritories, we combine in-depth and financialservices organisations intheworld. With ainternational network The world’s localbank–HSBCisoneofthelargest andmost trusted banking Sponsor -Silver 19 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 20 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 #WeAreAtWarwick ASEANConference 2015 #WeAreAtWarwick ASEANConference 2015 21 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 22 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Research Partner Supporting Partners Partners Media Partner This programme issupported by theASEAN Students Association intheUK Students’ Union Student Network in theUKand EIRE (BSU) The Brunei MYANMAR BRUNEI Myanmar UK Association in UK (CSA-UK) CAMBODIA THE PHILIPPINES Cambodian Filipino Students Student in theUK The Association Students inthe of Indonesian INDONESIA UK (PPIUK) – Singapore Students’ The United Kingdom Council (UKSSC) SINGAPORE Laos Students Association in the UK(Samaggi Association in the UK LAOS THAILAND Samagom) Students The Thai (Ireland) Council of Malaysian Students Kingdom andEire of Vietnamese Student inthe MALAYSIA Association The United UK (SVUK) VIETNAM (UKEC)

23 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 24 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Brunei Darussalam Union ofMyanmar High Commission Republic ofthe Embassy ofthe MYANMAR London London BRUNEI This programme issupported by theASEAN Embassies andHigh The Royal Embassy THE PHILIPPINES The Philippines of Cambodia CAMBODIA London Embassy London Commission Offices intheUK of theRepublic of High Commission The Embassy of the Republic of INDONESIA SINGAPORE Indonesia Singapore London London Royal Thai Embassy The LaosEmbassy THAILAND LAOS London London High Commission of Socialist Republic of The Embassy ofthe MALAYSIA VIETNAM Malaysia London Vietnam London This programme isorganised by theASEAN Students’ Societiesin the University ofWarwick

25 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 26 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Widya Aryani Agnes LauChieng Wirawan Adi Sulistyo Wayan Karang Yana Erlangga Hendratono Puteri Nurfaiqah bintiJasni Dadang Prasetyo Jatmiko Chan Tze Hsien Sia Tian Wa Jeremy Marc Muhammad Faris binZaidi Grasheli Kusuma Andhini 2015 -Students’ Ambassadors Warwick ASEAN Conference Azlan Abdilah Farah NurAlia Freddy Bryan Farias Arias Alexandra Belokobylskaya Jonas Chung Mike Limrarbruen Viktor Kharchyshyn Ying Chew SinTong Tan Nik AbdulRahmanbinMuhamadRamzi Marsya JuwitaAderizal Chua SharMin Samuel Saw Charlotte Tay Shaun Liew Alia Mohamad Yong Puay Kuan Jaime Tan Yee Shim Suhendro Oktanto Ler JiYuan Sharifah HaniYasmin bintiSyed Abdullah Ibed Sembiring Nadhirah Syalin Irfan Syamil Koh Tiara AzarineUtomo Siti FikhaMuflihahLutfi Nurul Natrah Aziz Muhammad RidhuanBinAzlan Marc Phoon Fiona Yeoh JoeSin Charlotte Joy Trudgill Geon HeeSon Nur Liyana Yahaya Erinn Toner-Hale Chantelle Kuilderd Bramega SanditamaYuwono Dimiski Bintang Lia Fadhilla Thamrin Adnan Rahim Wei LiHoon Kefan Yang Andrew Seow Wong ChanKit Izzat Iskandar binKhairuzzaman Queen’s University Belfast Northumbria University Northumbria University Newcastle University Newcastle University London SchoolofEconomics andPolitical Science London SchoolofEconomics andPolitical Science King’s College London Imperial College London Imperial College London Edinburgh University Edinburgh University Coventry University Coventry University City University London Cardiff University Cardiff Metropolitan University Bristol University Bristol University Bristol University Birmingham CityUniversity University West ofEngland University ofSheffield University ofReading University ofReading University ofNottingham University ofNottingham University ofNottingham University ofNottingham University ofManchester University ofManchester University ofManchester University ofManchester University ofLeicester University ofLeeds University ofLeeds University ofKent University ofExeter University ofExeter University ofExeter University ofExeter University ofEssex University ofBirmingham University ofBirmingham University ofBirmingham University ofBirmingham University ofBath University ofBath University College London University College London SOAS, University ofLondon SOAS, University ofLondon Royal Holloway, University ofLondon Queen’s University Belfast This pageisdedicated to allthosewhohave worked valiantly to ensure the success ofthisevent, beitdirectly orindirectly. Without your unparalleled support, thisevent could nothave possibly beenareality.

27 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Topics of Discussion

RESEARCH PACK Sponsored by: November 2011 March 2011 November 2007 December 2005 October 2003 May 2000 April 1999 December 1997 July 1997 December 1995 July 1995 July 1994 January 1992 January 1984 – February 1976 August 1967 Timeline ofASEANintegration POLITICAL –SECURITY COUNCIL – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – lenges. was signed.The planreflects ASEAN’s commitment to increase itsrole inaddressing globalchal Bali Declaration ontheASEAN Community inaGlobalCommunity ofNations, orBaliConcord III, East Timor appliedfor ASEAN membershipat thesummitinJakarta. Community (AC) alongthelinesofEuropean Community. The ASEAN Charter was signed,givingASEAN alegalidentity. Itenvisaged anintegrated ASEAN Three, India,Australia andNew Zealand. First meetingoftheASEAN PlusSixortheEast AsiaSummitcomprising theASEAN countries Plus ASEAN membersadopttheBaliConcord II,whichcalls for theestablishment oftheAEC. East Asiancountries defend theircurrencies infuture liquiditycrises. In response to theAsianFinancialCrisisof1997, theChiangMaiInitiative was established to help Cambodia joinsASEAN First meetingofASEAN PlusThree (China, JapanandSouthKorea) Laos andMyanmar joinASEAN June 2001) The Southeast AsianNuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty was signed(becamefullyeffective on21 Vietnam joinsASEAN US, JapanandRussia. Asia-Pacific region. The 27 present participantsincludeASEAN memberstates, China,theEU, the ASEAN establishes theASEAN Regional Forum (ARF),whichisfocused onsecurityissues inthe ry mechanismistheCommon Effective Preferential Tariff scheme(CEPT). production basethrough theelimination oftariffsandnon-tariffbarrierswithinASEAN. The prima The AFTA agreement was signed.The goalisto increase ASEAN’s globalcompetitiveness asa Brunei joinsASEAN The ASEAN Secretariat was setupto initiate, facilitate andcoordinate ASEAN collaboration Treaty ofAmityandCooperation (TAC) (BaliConcord I)was signed First ASEAN Summitconvenes inBali,Indonesia Malaysia, Philippines,Singapore andThailand ASEAN was established inBangkok at theheightofVietnam War by 5countries: Indonesia, Image source: http://www.asean.org/media-gallery/photo/asean-summits source: Image The 25thASEAN SummitPlenarySession on12thNovember 2014

Research Pack - - 29 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 30 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Research Pack Southern Thailand conflicts Cambodian–Thai border dispute Updates onsecurityissuesfacingASEAN f) e) d) c) b) a) firmed intheTreaty ofAmityandCooperation inSoutheast Asia(TAC) of1976 asthefollowing; sion-making, loosestructure andconflict avoidance instead ofconflict management(Acharya 1995). The principleisreaf The ASEAN Way isASEAN’s specificapproach to regional cooperation. Itemphasisesinformal rules,consensual deci What isthe“ASEANWay”? firmly committed to theirmodelofregional cooperation, the“ASEAN Way”. ASEAN states. The GlobalFinancialCrisisof2008hasalsodiscredited the West’s model.Hence, ASEAN membersremain gration alongthelineofEUisextremely unlikely for ASEAN becausestate-building istheunderlyingmotive ofmost of ASEAN’s agreements, andtheSecretary-General cannotenforce ASEAN’s rules.InShaunNarine’s opinion(2012), inte tion that preserves sovereignty andautonomy ofitsmembers.The membersare fullyresponsible for theimplementation Despite aprogress inintegration andinstitutionalisation since 1967, ASEAN remains astrictly intergovernmental organisa Image Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12378001 Source: Image Image source: http://edition.cnn.com/2013/02/18/world/asia/thailand- source: Image Thai military inspect wreckage from a bomb blast in the southern southern the in blast bomb a from wreckage inspect military Thai Effective cooperation amongthemselves. Renunciation ofthethreat oruseofforce, Settlement ofdifferences ordisputes by peaceful means, Non-interference intheinternal affairs ofoneanother, The rightofevery State to leaditsnational existence free from external interference, subversion orcoercion, Mutual respect for theindependence, sovereignty, equality, territorial integrity andnational identityofallnations, The disputed Preah Vihear temple on the border border the on temple Vihear Preah disputed The province of Yala in this file pic from March, 2012. March, from pic file this in Yala of province between Thailand and Cambodia and Thailand between explainer/ bombing campaigns. cies employ acombination oftargeted assassinations and ethnic identityinpredominantly-Buddhist Thailand. Insurgen to demandfor greater autonomy, claimingto protect Muslim 10,000 wounded ((DailyNews, 2014). The movement appears from 2004 to 2014 over 5,300peoplewere killedandnearly inces. According to theInternal SecurityOperations Command, Since 2004,aninsurgency hasbesetthe3southernThai prov of Thailand. maritime border which contains oilandgasreserves intheGulf is onlyoneofseveral disputed areas. The more importantisthe also heldthelandsurrounding thetemple. However, thetemple to clarifyits1962ruling.In2013, theverdict was that Cambodia attempts. Later that year inApril,Cambodiarequested theICJ 2011, Indonesia,asthen-president ofASEAN, failed at mediation borders for several days, claimingat least 8soldiers’lives. In land continues. From 2009to 2011, violence broke outat the dispute between Thailand andCambodiaover thesurrounding ly underCambodianrulefrom a1962ICJjudgment, border Although the11thCentury Preah Vihear Temple isofficial ------Sponsored by: • East AsiaForum http://www.eastasiaforum.org/tag/asean/ • The Diplomat Magazine, ASEAN sectionhttp://thediplomat.com/category/asean-beat/ • ASEAN News http://www.aseannews.net/ For up-to-dateopinionpiecesandanalyseson ASEAN against theUSSR (1979-89) whofounded bothAbuSayyaf inthePhilippines andJIinIndonesia. returning from Iraq andSyria could bedestabilising. After all,henotes, itwas returning militantsfrom theAfghan war (BNPT), at least 56Indonesianswere IslamicState fighters. Mr. Sandswarns that homegrown grievances andmilitants Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) from hisjailcell inAugust. According to Indonesia’s National Agency for Combating Terrorism and theAbuSayyaf rebels, pledgedtheirallegiance to theIslamic State. SodidtheleaderofIndonesia’s al-Qaeda-linked group between AprilandOctober. 2PhilippinemilitantIslamicgroups, theBangsamoro IslamicFreedom Fighters (BIFF) claims at least 30Malaysians have goneto Syria to fightfor IS,whileat home, 37 suspectswere arrested for linksto the trat, inhisarticle“The IslamicState andSoutheast Asia”(2014) suggest they tighten security. InOctober 2014, Malaysia While ASEAN countries are notactively supportingtheairstrikes inIraq andSyria, Sands,aSeniorAnalyst Gary at Wikis Islamic State andASEAN South ChinaSeadispute erected onASEAN. the AEC,“centrifugal forces” generated by China’s growth may destroy thedevelopment ofaSouth-east Asianidentity supplying petrol craft to Vietnam andthePhilippines.Mr. Kausikan was concerned that, withoutsustained politicalwillfor since eachmemberisattracted to economic benefitsfrom different great powers. For example, JapanandtheUSare approaching anew balance intheirrelationship. Mr. Kausikan asserted ASEAN shouldremain neutral, adifficultstance that ASEAN faces itsmost complex regional securitychallengesince itsformation, at atimewhentheUSandChinaare In Walter Sim’s articleASEAN facing ‘most complex securitytest’ (2015), hequoted Singapore diplomat BilahariKausikan The USandChina Image source: http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/67616000/ source: Image gif/_67616829_south_china-sea_1_464.gif Map of South China Seas Dispute Dispute Seas China South of Map case against ChineseclaimsintheSouthChinaSeaby theend recently, atribunalinThe HaguewillruleonthePhilippines’ Vietnam againcameoffworse, losingabout60sailors.Most ese troops. In1988thetwo sidesclashedintheSpratlys, when Paracel islandsfrom Vietnam in1974, killingover 70 Vietnam been between Vietnam andChina.The Chineseseized the and Brunei.The most serioustrouble inrecent decadeshas span several countries –China,Vietnam, Philippines,Malaysia dozens ofuninhabited sandbanks.The partiesto thisdispute dispute intheocean areas surrounding two islandchainsand The SouthChinaSeasdispute isaterritorial andsovereignty China Seadisputes. the Law oftheSeaand.Itwillmarkawatershed for theSouth tribunal established undertheUnited Nations Convention on of 2015. That decisioncould bethemost significantby any Research Pack - - 31 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 32 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Research Pack activity. reach 125m householdsby 2015. OftheASEAN nations, Indonesiaaccounts for 40%ofASEAN’s population andeconomic McKinsey believes the67m householdsAseanconsuming class (householdswithmore than$7,500 inPPPterms) could ing markets for theoutputoftheirnascent industries. present high growth opportunities,ableto leap-frog indevelopment by utilisingpractices across memberstates and hav of memberstates present different business opportunities,andsomemembers at lower stages ofeconomic development the consumer market for entrepreneurial activity, withinternal capitalflows which cancontribute to growth. The diversity USD 3trillion.Ithasstrong fundamentalsfor development, withayouthful population andrisingmiddleclass providing ASEAN isaneconomic andpoliticalcommunity with acombined population of600millionpeopleandcombined GDPof Economic significance Updates ondevelopments: Though latest statistics are notavailable, we includeatablefrom theSecretariat ontheprogress ofgoalssince 2012: Where arewenow? dynamic region. these there willbeawidevariety ofstakeholders, from firms,to citizens, to fresh graduates seekingopportunitiesinthis ASEAN, thescaleandscope ofcurrent andpossible furtherintegration, andopportunitiesontheground. Inconsidering With 2015 beingtheyear for theAECto come into form, thetopics we willbediscussing are primarilytheopportunitiesin (4) Integration into theglobaleconomy (3) EquitableEconomic development (2) Acompetitive economic region (1) Asinglemarket andproduction base The ASEAN Economic community willenhance thegrowth oftheseeconomies through fostering: “Why ASEAN,andwhatistherelevanceofAEC?” ECONOMICS COUNCIL - Sponsored by: treasury andcashmanagementpractices. the expertise ofglobalbanks.These canadvisethemonrequirements, operating practices that cansignificantlyenhance businesses. For example, ithasbeenreported that multinationals andsoutheast Asia-basedcorporations canbenefitfrom A large partofdevelopment from FDIistheeffects itwillhave for thetransfer ofknowledge andimproved capabilityfor Europe. Thailand are goinginternational. These companies willstart by investing at aregional level before moving onto USand infrastructure products suchaspower plantsandtrains. Conversely, more companies, especiallyinMalaysia, Singapore and nificant opportunitiesinfood, energy andcommunications, whileMalaysia hasopportunitiesfor companies inlarge-scale traditional targets inAsialike IndiaandChina.Opportunitiesvary across ASEAN countries. For example, Thailand hassig The AECprovides anew channelfor investment for Asia,U.S. andEuropean multinationals that want to go beyond their Foreign Direct Investment Source: World Bank 2012 data 2012 Bank World Source: data 2012 Bank World Source: Research Pack - 33 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 34 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Research Pack in unemployment. pressured national governments to stall thisdue to the fear that thiswillleadto thedisplacement oflocalworkers andrise distinct andunifyingregional identity. Ahotpotato at themomentisfacilitation ofvisasfor migration –localworkers have an societies,andmoves away from integration poseseriousobstacles to realizing theAECandreflect theabsence ofa Conflicting national strategies, similarexport product lines,socialandeconomic inequalities withinandbetween Ase 1995-2012 hittingless than25percent. Thus, for 17years there hasbeenscantprogress inintra-regional trade. Empirically, Intra-Asean trade peaked in1995 at 24.1 percent butsince then,hasbarely moved forward withtheaverage for which includelackofinformation andbureaucratic red tape. tain criticalproducts. Trade disputes still take place andProgress hasbeenslow oneliminating nontariffbarriers(NTBs), economic integration. National strategies clashwithAsean’s internal goals.Several membersrefuse to lower tariffsoncer Asean leaders’AECvisionisweakened by astrong aversion for adiminishednational sovereignty for thesake ofdeeper Challenges to integration area for international businesses to take advantage oftheASEAN status andtheFTA benefits. across ASEAN andbeyond andprovide management,financialandothersupportservices to subsidiariesthroughout the Free Trade Agreements Asean (Blue) and its FTA partners (Green) partners FTA its and (Blue) Asean companies andMNC’s involved inAsiato continue to develop products des January 2010. ASEAN’s free trade agreement withChinaallows regional The ASEAN-China Free Trade agreement cameinto effect onthe1st of economies, Singapore hasdeveloped asaregional Asianhubto reach out Building ontheagreements signedwiththesetwo large emerging market up theIndianconsumer market to ASEAN manufactured goods. AN andIndia.This willhave asimilareffect to theChinaFTA inthat itopens process ofreducing tariffson90percent ofalltraded goodsbetween ASE ASEAN hasasimilarFTA withIndia,whichisbeingphasedinandthe market, butalsofrom globaldestinations suchastheEUandUnited States. wages, andassuchare attracting foreign investment bothfor theChinese AN countries are benefitingfrom theChinaFTA by beingableto offer lower required to dosoinacheaperlocation. Vietnam, IndonesiaandotherASE tined for thishugeconsumer market, yet place themanufacturing capacity - - - - - Sponsored by: • Adopted by theASEAN Leaders at the14thASEAN Summiton1March 2009inCha-am/HuaHin,Thailand. ration to liftthequalityoflife ofitspeoples. • Represents thehumandimensionofASEAN cooperation andupholdsASEAN commitment to address theregion’s aspi The ASCC Blueprint: and welfare ofthepeoplesare enhanced. • Forge acommon identityandbuildacaringsharingsocietywhichisinclusive andwhere thewell-being, livelihood, enduring solidarityandunityamongthepeoplesMemberStates ofASEAN. • Contribute to realising anASEAN Community that ispeople-oriented andsociallyresponsible withaview to achieving Aim: About theASEANSocio-CulturalCommunity(ASCC) SOCIO-CULTURAL COUNCIL Source: Adapted from ASEAN Secretariat. 2009. ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community Blueprint. Blueprint. Community Socio-Cultural ASEAN 2009. Secretariat. ASEAN from http://www.asean.org/archive/5187-19.pdf. Adapted Source: Research Pack - 35 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 36 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Sponsored by: Research Pack http://www.asean.org/communities/asean-socio-cultural-community For more information abouttheASCC: working poverty ifnotdecisively managed. • Could increase inequalityandworsen existing labourmarket deficits-suchasvulnerable andinformal employment, and • Marginalization ofunskilledworkers inhigherwage countries, where theinfluxofmore cost-efficient labourwill happen. • Reduction ofpoverty through rapid economic growth. tively managedeconomic integration. • Reduce inequities andthedevelopment dividewithinandacross ASEAN MemberCountries through aproper and effec • Free movement ofskilledlabourwhichcancreate knowledge transfer. agricultural anddomestic work sectors. • Increase inlabourmigration of low andmediumskilledworkers inresponse to demandparticularlyintheconstruction, • Creation ofnew jobopportunitiesandimproved work conditions. Possible ImpactsoftheASEANEconomicCommunity(AEC) average AMS’Trend EPIscore of6.54(range of-50to +50). score of57.95 in2010 and56.63 in2012 (range of0to 100).The Trend EPIshows overall positive improvements withan reflect goodandwell-maintained environmental healthandecosystem vitality, withAMSreporting anabove average EPI the progress ofimplementation ofSectionD(EnsuringEnvironmental Sustainability) oftheASCC Community Blueprint, • AMS’Environmental Performance Index (EPI)scores in2010 and2012, whichare usedastheoverall indicator to monitor Environmental Sustainability rights ofmigrant workers. and Children (ACWC), andtheongoing development ofanASEAN instrument for theprotection andpromotion ofthe strengthened withtheestablishment oftheASEAN Commission onthePromotion andProtection oftheRightsWomen • Institutional mechanismsto facilitate cooperation to promote socialjustice andrightsofvulnerable groups have been older peopleandmigrant workers. • Focuses onrightsfor thevulnerable andmarginalised inASEAN –particularlywomen, children, personswith disabilities, • 21outof28actions(~79%) have beenaddressed. Social Justice andRights 2000 to 2010, from around 45to 16percent inCLMVcountries andfrom around 29to 15percent inASEAN-6”. • The extent ofabsolute poverty (peoplelivingonless thanPPP$1.25aday) “inASEAN declinedsignificantlybetween age rate of0.635 in2005to 0.657 in2010. • Itwas reported intheASEAN Brief2012: Progress Towards theASEAN Community that HDIrose from theASEAN aver • 91outof94actionlines(~97%) have beenimplemented. Social Welfare andProtection CLMV countries interms oftheHumanDevelopment Index (HDI)hasbeendecreasing over thepast decade. Narrowing theDevelopment inASEAN: Gap Drivers andPolicy Options,shows that thegapbetween theASEAN-6 andthe cation gapbetween ASEAN-6 andCLMV(Cambodia, Laos,Myanmar Vietnam) countries, therecent publication, entitled • Data from UNESCO andViet Namshow that thisrate was more than93% inViet Namin2010. With regard to theedu tries have significantlyimproved theirliteracy rate from around 81percent in2009to 92 percent in2010. • The literacy rate oftheyouth population across ASEAN-6 countries inchedcloserto 100percent whiletheCLMVcoun eight years andfive years respectively in2010. school years completed by theadultpopulation increased from 7.5 years for ASEAN-6 and4.6years for CLMVin2005to • Statistics oftheASEAN Community Progress Monitoring System 2012 (ASEAN, 2013) show that theaverage numberof • 57 out61 actionlines(~93%) have beenaddressed. Human Development Updates onSocio-culturalIssuesinASEAN - - - - eresearch.com/spire-journal/yr2013/q4/asean-economic-community-2015-a-real-opportunity-that-should-not-be-over-hyped/ • SpirE-Journal(2013), ASEAN Economic Community 2015: Areal opportunitythat should notbeover-hyped. Available at: http://www.spir en.pdf their respective organizations. Available at: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actemp/downloads/publications/working_paper_n7_ • RynhartG.andChangJ. (2014), The Road to ASEAN Economic Community 2015: The challengesandopportunitiesfor enterprises and at: http://www.ilo.org/asia/whatwedo/events/WCMS_301202/lang--en/index.htm • International LabourOrganization (ILO), AECoffers majoremployment, wage andproductivity benefits,ifdecisively managed.Available es/resources/2014/Apr/FA_Executive_Summary_FINAL-WEB[1].pdf • ASEAN Publications (2014), Mid-Term Review oftheASEAN Socio-Cultural Community Blueprint.Available at: http://www.asean.org/imag borderless.economic.community.pdf • ADBI(2014), ASEAN 2030: Toward aBorderless Economic Community. Available at: http://www.adbi.org/files/2014.07.18.book.asean.2030. 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37 WARWICK ASEAN CONFERENCE 2015 Notes: