John Harvard's Journal Educating “Citizens and Citizen Leaders” gy,” he explains. Even when based at HBS, The new College dean aims to “discuss what I think is undiscussable.” therefore, Khurana kept the undergradu- ate experience close at hand: he served as In his book-lined office in University Hall, educate—the citizens and citizen leaders a nonresident tutor in Eliot House while Rakesh Khurana keeps handy a well-worn for our society.” in graduate school, and he and his wife, copy of Samuel Atkins Eliot’s 1848 A Sketch A year into his new role, the Bowser Stephanie, became master and co-master of the History of and of Its Present professor of leadership development says of Cabot House in 2010. State. The slender, red volume arrived in the he sees himself as a “steward” of that mis- But the new dean’s focus comes at a mail last summer, an anonymous gift for the sion—to remind students, faculty mem- time of relative tumult for that liberal- newly minted dean, who took the helm of bers, and the College community of Har- arts philosophy, both across the landscape the College in July 2014. vard’s nearly 400-year-old liberal-arts of higher education and closer to home. Pulling it off the shelf this spring, core. For Khurana, a Harvard education National discussions of education qual- Khurana, the first Danoff Dean of Harvard should expose students to new ideas and ity have increasingly focused on “return College, opens to a yellow Post-It flag, and new ways of thinking—a contrast to pre- on investment”—weighing tuition paid reads aloud the description of the seven- professional training that “might prepare and time spent against potential future teenth-century gift that funds the Detur you for a job, but I’m not sure necessarily earnings. By necessity, this has increased Book Prize, the College’s oldest honor. prepares you for a career, or necessarily attention to skills-based learning, which The gift, he quotes, was for the purpose prepares you for life.” has not always fit easily into the Har- of “breeding up hopeful youth in the way A graduate of the University’s Ph.D. vard curriculum. At the other extreme, of learning…for the public service of the program in organizational behavior, critics have questioned whether schools country in future times.” That, Khurana Khurana has spent the past decade and like Harvard live up to their purported reflects, remains the mission of Harvard a half across the river at Harvard Busi- “liberal-arts” goals. The month after College: “It was to educate—and it is to ness School (HBS). His years in a profes- Khurana moved into his decanal office, a sional school, in fact, cover story in The New Republic—illustrated helped convince him with a bright red Harvard flag, going up of the power of a lib- in flames—implored: “Don’t Send Your eral-arts education. Kid to the Ivy League.” Writer William As an example, he Deresiewicz argued that places like Har- describes how stu- vard and Yale, where he taught English dents from prepro- for 10 years, attracted and produced stu- fessional and liberal- dents who, though smart and driven, were arts backgrounds afraid of the potential failure that comes tackled case-study with true intellectual engagement. discussions, which Khurana’s vision for the deanship—as often dealt with a locus of conversations revisiting the tricky questions of very core values of a Harvard educa- leadership and man- tion—marks the start of a new chap- agement. Over the ter in University Hall. In the spring of years, he saw a “vast 2013, then-dean Evelynn M. Hammonds, difference” in stu- Rosenkrantz professor of the history of dents’ abilities “to science and of African and African Ameri- think about prob- can studies, stepped down from her posi- lems creatively, to tion, amid concerns over her involvement locate a situation in a in searches of College staff members’ e- cultural context—to mail accounts. After Faculty of Arts and see the economics of Sciences dean Michael D. Smith named Rakesh that situation, but him to the position in January 2014, Khurana also the anthropol- Khurana embarked on a six-month study ogy and the sociolo- of his new role, meeting with faculty, stu- dents, and staff to hear their visions for a Harvard education. In these conversa- In this Issue tions, he says, “People were sometimes too worried about seeing the College as a 25 Harvard Portrait 33 Brevia stepping stone to something else, rather 26 Surgery for All 35 On Your Summer Vacation... than a place itself.” 29 University People 36 The Undergraduate In his first year as dean, Khurana has 31 Yesterday’s News 37 Sports emphasized making a strong, proactive 32 University News Briefs case for the value-added of a College edu-

24 July - August 2015 Photograph by Stephanie Mitchell/Harvard Public Affairs and Communications Reprinted from Harvard Magazine. For more information, contact Harvard Magazine, Inc. at 617-495-5746 cation: “to give people a meaningful life, a sense of introspection, a sense of what harvard portrait civic duty is”—in other words, to cultivate those “citizens and citizen leaders.” Until recently, the College dean’s office—popu- larly associated with students’ House, extracurricular, and social lives—has not been seen as driving this kind of discourse. Khurana, therefore, has become a present dean, quietly bringing up questions of val- ues and reflection in his everyday interac- tions across campus. His active Instagram feed chronicles formal meetings as well as selfies taken with students at events like Yardfest and basketball games. There are deeper messages, too. In November, for example, he posted a 15-year-old rejection letter from a prestigious academic journal, accompanied by a piece of advice his wife gave him at the time. This same balance of confidence, introspection, and humility comes through in private conversations and public remarks. Self-deprecatingly, he likes to remind students that the College rejected him. His role in the review of the General Education program, a five-year-old sys- tem of requirements for College students, exemplifies the link he sees between the intellectual and personal transformations central to the Harvard experience (see “Tough Grading for Gen Ed,” page 32). In April, shortly before the release of the Gen Ed review committee’s relatively harsh five-year report, Khurana and dean of un- Andrew Manuel Crespo dergraduate education Jay Harris held the first of a series of faculty town-hall As a public defender, Andrew Manuel Crespo ’05, J.D. ’08, met his first client on meetings to discuss the College curricu- Christmas Eve 2011. Handcuffed and shackled, the client had just celebrated, in juvenile lum. What he heard there, he says, was a lockup, his eighth birthday. Seated, his feet didn’t touch the floor. “I remember walking “consensus”: that the College should help in and just being stunned,” recalls the newly appointed assistant law professor. “Like, students develop a system for intellectual this is my job now: I represent eight-year-olds who are in handcuffs.” A two-time engagement, and that more meaningful in- Supreme Court clerk and the first Latino president of the , Crespo teractions between faculty members and aims to interrogate the gap between the criminal-justice system’s ideals and its reality. students is the best way to do so. Both That gap “crystallized” for him during first-year “Criminal Law”; his own students now groups have recalled such meetings—in probe the same disparity in Crespo’s popular course “Popular Criminalism.” Before which faculty members shared their sto- turning to law, Crespo was a social-studies concentrator who examined how Boston ries, and students found mentors—as cen- community organizations knit connections among ethnic groups. His thesis adviser, tral to their Harvard experience. “My role Kennedy School senior lecturer Marshall Ganz, recalls a student who could “dive into is WD-40,” Khurana says: helping facili- the nitty-gritty” and still master the “broader context”—like a great composer, able tate these interactions and thereby break to originate a theme, but also “get every note right.” The musical analogy is apt, given down those divisions to create one College Crespo’s guiltiest secret: a cappella. He performed with the Veritones throughout community. college, and a Veritones friend introduced him to his future wife—Abby Shafroth ’04, Khurana defines Harvard by a sense J.D. ’08, now a civil-rights attorney—on the Dudley Co-op dance floor. Well aware of restlessness, constantly striving to be that the justice system is flawed, Crespo nevertheless connects it to his favorite col- the best. “I think Gen Ed also says excel- lege memories of “long discussions and debates” among his best friends. “The law,” he lence for what. It’s excellence for educating says, “continues that same conversation about our social fabric—the values we care citizens and citizen leaders for a changing about, and how we make them real, in lived, daily experience.” vmichael zuckerman world,” he reflects. “It’s very exciting that

Photograph by Jim Harrison Harvard Magazine 25 Reprinted from Harvard Magazine. For more information, contact Harvard Magazine, Inc. at 617-495-5746 's Journal the faculty are feeling a sense of responsi- For Khurana, a key part of fostering year gathering that brought together the bility and agency and, I think, a sense of personal and intellectual transformations, entire freshman class. Following a com- urgency to get this right.” therefore, is opening spaces for students edy show, a spoken-word performance, And as the world has changed, so too, he to stop, take a step back, and think about and other entertainment, Khurana took says, have the obstacles that stand in the the changes happening around and within the stage last at January’s “ReFRESH- way of getting it right: “The challenges of them. He has joined with other College MENt” event. He began, he explained to our society don’t stop at the gates of Har- administrators in strengthening and ex- the crowd in Sanders Theatre, “where I vard.” The College is more racially, ethni- panding programs to encourage reflection start every discussion, which is the mis- cally, and socioeconomically diverse than among undergraduates. In an experiment sion of the College.” He spoke of “citizens ever. Long gone, for good reason, are the last fall, he helped develop a curriculum of and citizen leaders,” as well as the liberal days when the liberal arts meant teaching readings and conversations for freshman arts’ “transformative power”—reiterat- a curriculum of white, male prep-school orientation that centered on the value of a ing the mission he’d first shared with the graduates a curriculum of white, male liberal arts and sciences education. “Some- Class of 2018 at September’s Convoca- writers. Khurana sees himself as someone times students are—obviously, in a good tion. But Khurana also added new advice, who likes to “discuss what I think is undis- way—so taken by the name Harvard, they the kind that anxious college freshmen cussable”—including how issues of class, may not know as much as we would like most need to allow transformation to access, and success manifest themselves on about the undergraduate program itself, take hold. “There’s no one best way to do Harvard’s campus. One growing problem, and what its purpose and its construction Harvard,” he reminded them. Ending the he says, is that students often arrive with a are,” he explains. “We have to do a better evening, the dean—halfway through his K-12 education that, because of high-stakes job on communicating that.” own freshman year—dismissed the class testing, has focused on teaching skills—not This year, he and dean of freshmen with “Thank you. See you guys in the din- necessarily how to think. Thomas A. Dingman helped initiate a mid- ing hall.” vstephanie garlock

Surgery for All

“Global health” typically brings to mind issues such as vaccination, maternal care, sanitation, and malaria control. It’s not usu- ally associated with surgery. But consider the woman who dies in childbirth because she can’t reach a clinic that performs cesar- ean sections, or the man out of work because he can’t afford cataract surgery to restore his vision, or the child whose life is cut short by an injury that local healthcare workers don’t have the training to repair. A landmark report published by the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery argues that a lack of access to safe surgi- cal care has a major impact on the health and well-being of people around the world. A public conference at (HMS) on May 6 marked the report’s launch, following a similar meeting in London. “We want surgery to The unserved world: the proportion of the population lacking access to safe, affordable be part of the discourse on global health, surgery and anesthesia—the subject of the Lancet commission’s work and we want surgery integrated into the discussions about how you build health as those who live far from an operating The Lancet, a preeminent medical journal systems,” says John Meara, Kletjian profes- room. Closing the gap would require 143 based in London, formed the commission sor of global surgery at HMS, one of three million additional procedures each year. in 2013 when a small group of surgeons commission co-chairs. But the commission laid out an ambitious joined with Justine Davies, editor-in-chief The problem is vast. “Five billion people plan to achieve 80 percent coverage of es- of Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, to cham- cannot access safe, affordable surgery,” sential surgical and anesthesia service per pion an in-depth look at surgery around Meara said during his opening address in country by 2030, and outlined specific rec- the world. The commissioners worked Boston. That number includes people who ommendations, goals, and indicators of with collaborators from more than 110 can’t afford expensive procedures as well progress that can be used to realize it. countries to produce the report, focus-

26 July - August 2015 Map © The Lancet Reprinted from Harvard Magazine. For more information, contact Harvard Magazine, Inc. at 617-495-5746