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AUTOMOTIVE OUTLOOK: PROMISING …But technology, trade and Trump are making it interesting for How CEOs see the automotive future Guard your plant against cyber attacks A Q&A with Honda’s Bill Easdale Driverless: some legal considerations

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AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.inddAutoPlant_Igus_Oct.indd 1 2 2017-10-182017-09-25 2:359:28 PMAM October/November 2017 Increase CONTENTS Vol. 76, No. 08 uptime by protecting the backbone of assembly lines FEATURES

20 INTERVIEW A Q&A with Honda of Canada Mfg.’s Bill Easdale.

22 INVESTMENTThere’s government funding available for an electric future.

23 INNOVATION Magna and Ford develop a 12 OUTLOOK lighter carbon fibre subframe. How trump, trade and technology are impacting the . 24 SMART TECH Goodyear unveils next-gen concepts for autonomous vehicles.

25 MANUFACTURING Ford is testing large- scale part printing and lightweighting.

DEPARTMENTS

4 Editorial 14 MOBILITY GM’s new tech centre in 15 TRENDS Global automotive CEOs identify 6 News Markham, Ont. will develop automotive what’s hot and what’s not. Events software. 9 Auto Pulse 11 Parts World 26 Backseat Driver

® Eliminate downtime with e-chains 16 LEGAL Autonomous vehicles and 18 SECURITY Understand the cyber risks of a igus® energy chain systems® offer maintenance driverless raise some legal issues. connected plant. free modular cable protection and guidance for COVER IMAGE: HONDA OF CANADA MFG. nearly all applications and industries, including ® complete energy supply and retraction systems PLANT—established 1941, is published 8 times per year by Annex Business Media. Publications Mail Agreement #40065710. Circulation email: [email protected] Tel: 416-442-5600 for multi-axis robots. ext 3636 Fax: 416-510-5170 Mail: 80 Valleybrook Drive, Toronto, ON M3B 2S9. Occasionally, PLANT will mail information on behalf of industry-related groups whose products and services we believe may be of interest to you. If you prefer not to receive this information, please contact our circulation department in any of the four ways listed above. Annex Privacy Officer: [email protected] Tel: 800-668-2374.No part of the editorial content of this publication may be reprinted without the publisher’s written permission. ©2017 Annex Publishing & Printing Inc. All rights reserved. Performance claims for products listed in this issue Individual components to fully populated and Plastics for longer life are made by contributing manufacturers and agencies. PLANT receives unsolicited materials including letters to the editor, press releases, promotional items and images from time to time. PLANT, its affiliates and assignees may use, reproduce, publish, re-publish, distribute, store and archive such unsolicited submissions in whole or in part in any form or medium whatsoever, without compensation of any sort. This statement connectorized dress packs in as little as 24 hours. does not apply to materials/pitches submitted by freelance writers, photographers or illustrators in accordance with known industry practices. Printed in Canada. ISSN: 1929-6606 (Print), 1929-6614 (Online)

Samples, technical information, and more: www.igus.com/automotive | 1.800.521.2747 | [email protected] www.plant.ca AutoPLANT 3

AutoPlant_Igus_Oct.indd 1 2017-09-25 9:28 AM AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 3 2017-10-18 2:35 PM EDITORIAL 1997 - 2017 www.emccanada.org America First, America Only f there was any question about where US trade priorities lie, they have been answered: the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) negotiations are Publisher about benefits for America Only. Michael King I 416-510-5107 The Trumpish ire may be directed more at and its trade deficit with the [email protected], US, but there are troubling indications the maple tree is in for some aggressive [email protected]

branch trimming. Editor As of this writing, prospects of a renewed deal that’s a win-win-win for all Joe Terrett parties have not been promising with little if any progress made in the first three 416-442-5600 ext. 3219 [email protected] rounds of talks. And running parallel to NAFTA are aggressive trade actions aimed against Canada involving softwood lumber and aerospace (Boeing versus Art Director Andrea M. Smith Bombardier), with aluminum, steel and other trade items in America’s line of fire. Pundits are questioning whether the Americans are serious about concluding National Account Manager Ilana Fawcett an agreement. Some demands are so heavily weighted to US interests or so 416-510-5202 outrageous that it’s unlikely Mexico and Canada could or would agree to a deal. [email protected] Whatever the Trump regime’s true intent may be, as this drama unfolds the Account Coordinator automotive sector is in for a particularly tough time over content rules. The US Kim Rossiter wants 85% North American content per vehicle (from 62.5%) and at least 50% of 416-510-6794 [email protected] that specifically American to qualify for duty-free status. US Department of Commerce chief Wilbur Ross kicked off the content face-off Annex Business Media Vice President/Executive Publisher in a Washington Post article that disputed the view that Canadian and Mexican Tim Dimopoulos car parts crossing borders numerous times have high US content. His so-called (416) 510-5100 evidence is a department study using out-of-date numbers (2011) to show US [email protected] content dropped significantly (from Canada 21% to 15%; and Mexico, 26% to 16%). COO Flavio Volpe, president of the Automotive Parts Manufacturers’ Association, Ted Markle [email protected] counters with other studies that put US content in Canadian-produced vehicles at about 63%. Scotiabank Economics also has some numbers to throw into the mix. President & CEO It observed North American content in vehicles is at 75%, much higher than the Mike Fredericks current requirement, so there’s no need to further tighten content rules. Circulation Manager What concerns automakers is the US demand for 50% of that content. Such Beata Olechnowicz 416-442-5600 ext. 3543 a restriction will prevent auto assemblers and parts makers from sourcing [email protected] materials through suppliers that offer the best quality and price, whatever the Subscription Price country. This does not enhance North American competitiveness. The result? Canada $72.50 per year, US $146.95 Sourcing outside NAFTA and paying the tariff, then passing the cost along to (US) per year, Foregin $166 (US) per year. Single Copy Canada $12.00. Add consumers. applicable taxes to all rates. Combined, The current NAFTA arrangement has been good for the three nations. expanded or premium issues, which count Scotiabank notes exports have been rising 3.5% annually over the past decade, as two subscription issues. increasing North America’s share of the world market to 22% from 19%. Exports Mailing Address from the US rose 3.1% annually. And thanks to NAFTA, the US auto industry has Annex Business Media 80 Valleybrook Dr., outperformed other industrial sectors, with output gains of 2.5% annually since Toronto, ON M3B 2S9 the trade agreement’s introduction. The sector now accounts for 12.4% of total plant.ca Tel: 416-442-5600, manufacturing activity, up from 10% prior to NAFTA. Fax: 416-510-5167 But so much for numbers. They’re of little consequence to an administration (if busy use 416-510-6875) that is more interested in bolstering a storyline that has the American worker Customer Service victimized by rapacious companies shipping jobs offshore and parasitic trade Bona Lao partners taking advantage of an agreement that’s ruinous to US interests. 416-442-5600 ext. 3552 [email protected] This puts Canada and Mexico at the centre of a paradox, summed up by Volpe. “You can’t have protectionism within a free trade agreement. It’s an oxymoron.’’ Yet that’s Canada’s reality. It’s not negotiating a free trade agreement so much as defining what degree of politically motivated American protectionism will be tolerable. The answer should be none. But it’s early.

Joe Terrett, Editor Comments? E-mail [email protected].

We acknowledge the [financial] support of the Government of Canada.

4 AutoPLANT October/November 2017

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 4 2017-10-18 2:35 PM PLT_EMC_JulyAug.indd 1 2017-08-09 12:04 PM 1997 - 2017 www.emccanada.org

PLT_EMC_JulyAug.inddAutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 1 5 2017-08-092017-10-18 12:04 2:35 PM NEWS

Magna and RocketSpace EVENTS GM is all in accelerate automotive innovations on all electric Lubrication fundamentals Focusing on electric vehicles, automated driver STLE Hamilton systems, secure connectivity DETROIT — Co. is mak- Nov. 2, Hamilton ing a bigger play with its electric vehicle The Hamilton Section of the Society of line-up. Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Over the next 18 months, the Detroit (STLE) presents a seminar on lubrica- automaker will introduce two new tion fundamentals that will cover: what all-electric vehicles based on what it has tribology is; oils; greases; filtration; learned from the Bolt EV. lubricant application; lubricant audits These vehicles will be the first of at and an open panel discussion. least 20 new all-electric vehicles launch- Visit www.stle.org ing by 2023. “General Motors believes in an FABTECH 2017 all-electric future,” said Mark Reuss, FMA, SME, PMA, CCAI, AWS General Motors executive vice-president Nov. 6-9, Chicago of product development, purchasing and North America’s largest metal forming, Tech start-ups have a new route to bring their inventions to life. PHOTO: MAGNA supply chain. “Although that future won’t fabricating, welding and finishing event happen overnight, GM is committed to featuring 1,700 suppliers and their AURORA, Ont. — Tech start-ups in the automotive sector driving increased usage and acceptance fabricating solutions. Presented by Fab- have a new path to bring their innovations to life thanks of electric vehicles through no-compro- ricators & Manufacturers Association to a collaboration between and a San mise solutions that meet our customers’ (FMA), SME (Society of Manufacturing Francisco-based technology accelerator. needs.” Engineers), Precision Metalforming The Aurora, Ont. automotive supplier and RocketSpace GM is taking a two-pronged approach Association (PMA), American Welding will focus the Mobility Tech Accelerator Program on areas to electrification – battery electric and Society (AWS) and Chemical Coaters that include electric vehicle systems, automated driver hydrogen fuel cell electric. Association International (CCAI). Visit assisted systems and secure vehicle connectivity. The automaker also introduced the www.fabtechexpo.com. This is RocketSpace’s third industry-focused program. SURUS (Silent Utility Rover Universal “We see great opportunity to form mutually beneficial Superstructure) concept vehicle. It’s fuel Physical Asset Management relationships when inventors, investors and corporations cell powered with four-wheel steering Certificate Program bring their ideas and resources together,” said Ian Sim- on a heavy-duty truck frame, and driven University of Toronto mons, Magna’s vice-president of business development, by two electric motors. GM is thinking Nov. 6- 10, 13-15, Toronto corporate engineering and R&D. emissions-free delivery vehicle, truck or The program, offered in partnership with RocketSpace has a global network of technology cam- ambulance. the Faculty of Science and Engineering puses that helps start-ups scale their innovations. at the University of Toronto, is taught by three world-class instructors. They combine fundamental need-to-know material with new, proven, leading-edge $18.2M funding for auto innovations approaches that have shown measur- TORONTO — Two Canadian companies have received able payoffs. (SCS Course Number repayable federal funding of $18.2 million to further de- 2338-010). Call (416) 978-2400. Visit velop innovations that would make cars lighter, more fuel https://learn.utoronto.ca. efficient and improve the battery life of electric vehicles. Auto parts manufacturer Asterex Inc. in Lakeshore, Canadian Pavilion at Ont. (near Windsor) received $17 million from FedDev Auto Expo India – Component Show, to set up a plant to produce lightweight, alumi- APMA, CTCS, EDC num components. Feb. 8-11, New Delhi, India The company intends to create 62 jobs this year and 24 Canadian automotive parts manufactur- more in the next two years. Astrex, established in 2015, ers are invited to participate in the Auto is a new joint venture between Ontario-based CanArt Expo Inda – Component Show, organized Aluminum Extrusion Inc. and the Netherlands-based by the Automotive Parts Manufacturers’ Constellium NV. CanArt Association (APMA), the Canadian GBatteries Energy Canada Inc. in Ottawa received Trade Commissioner Service (CTCS), $1.2 million from Sustainable Development Technology and Export Development Canada (EDC). Canada’s SD Tech Fund to develop longer lasting, faster The Canadian booth, occupying about charging batteries for electric cars. 100 square metres, will showcase Cana- The company is working with two consortium part- dian parts and components, tooling and ners, eCAMION and S&C Electric Canada Ltd., to machining suppliers, and other related demonstrate its Active Battery Management System (Ac- organizations. Visit https://apma.ca. tiveBMS), which it says will boost battery charging rates Supporting innovation. PHOTO: FOTOLIA by at least six times compared to conventional methods.

6 AutoPLANT October/November 2017

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 6 2017-10-18 2:35 PM Honda Clarity debuts in Ottawa GF Linamar wins Government officials see fuel cell tech in action $300M components MARKHAM, Ont. — Honda Canada showcased fuel cell technology has to offer. the potential of its fuel cell technology at a Ride- Navdeep Bains, minister of innovation, order N-Drive in Ottawa in June. science and economic development, the Bard- GUELPH, Ont. — GF Linamar, a joint This collaboration with the Canadian Hydro- ish Chagger, minister of small business and venture between GF Automotive and gen Fuel-Cell Electric Vehicle Coalition of Au- tourism, and Ottawa Mayor Jim Watson had a Canadian automotive parts manufac- tomakers offered federal and municipal govern- chance to take the vehicle for a test drive. turer Linamar Corp., has won a US$300 ment officials an opportunity to get behind the The hydrogen fuel stack is all under the hood, million contract from an unidentified US wheel of the Honda Clarity to experience what allowing for a roomier five-person cabin. Fuel manufacturer to produce lightweight is stored in a 141-litre tank behind magnesium components. the rear seats and in a 27 litre tank The contract, which will run over under the rear seats, with an air- a five-year period, includes cross car cooled 1.7 kWh battery pack under beams for a new pickup truck model. the front seats. The magnesium components will be The vehicle refuels in about five produced at a new plant in Mills River, minutes and has a 590-kilometre NC, which was to open in October. range. Swiss-based GF Automotive, is a man- On the electric plug-in side Honda ufacturer of components for passenger Canada has announced 152 dealer- cars, trucks and industrial applications. ships – nearly two thirds of its dealer The division provides casting solutions network – have committed to in- based on iron, aluminum and magnesium stalling two level 2 electric chargers at 11 production plants in Germany, on-site by the end of the year. The Austria, China and the US. project will be completed before the Linamar, based in Guelph, Ont., makes arrival of the Clarity plug-in electric automotive parts and other industrial Clarity on display at Parliament Hill Ride-N-Drive. PHOTO: HONDA hybrid during the winter. products.

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AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 7 2017-10-18 2:35 PM NEWS

Pacifica Hybrid wins green accolades Only hybrid minivan recognized for fuel efficiency WINDSOR — FCA Canada’s (NWAPA) in the US. Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid just The Chrysler Canada minivan missed winning the 2017 Cana- entry was named the best ‘Effi- dian Green Car Award judged cient Three-row Family Vehicle’ by Canadian auto journalists, in the Canadian Green Car who gave the nod to the US-built awards, which covered several Chevy Bolt. But the Pacifica categories. Hybrid was awarded Green Car Built in Windsor, Ont., it’s the of the Year by the Northwest industry’s only hybrid-electric Automotive Press Association minivan, with an estimated Cutaway of the Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid. PHOTO: FCA

electric range of up to 53 kilome- tres, up to 911 kilometres total driving range and a fuel efficien- cy rating that achieves 2.6 litres per 100 kilometres in the city (109 imperial miles per gallon). LEAKChecker The NWAPA award followed a test drive challenge involving 19 electrics, hybrids and fuel cell powered vehicles in Portland, Ore. The journalists picked the Pacifica Hybrid for its family functionality and fuel economy. The Chevy Bolt EV was the winner of the 2017 Canadian Green Car Zero Emission cate- LUBEChecker gory before taking the overall prize. It was the second con- secutive Car of the Year win for Chevrolet, after the Volt took home the award in 2016.

FOCUSED. SIMPLE. AFFORDABLE. AUTO FACTS

Ultrasound detectors for every application and budget Canada’s automotive industry is key to economic growth. Here are some stats from A Profile of the Automotive Manufacturing Industry in Canada, 2012-2016, by McMaster University’s Automo- tive Policy Research Centre. TRAPChecker • 2.4 million vehicles were built annually in Canada over the past five years. • $84.7 billion in revenues (2013, Industry Canada) sdtultrasound.com/checkers • 140,404 Canadians directly employed in 2016 with 15,000 added since 2012. • Five OEMs employed 37,127 people in their plants. • Canadian-owned automotive TIGHTChecker parts manufacturers employ 51,923 people, more than half of all employment in this sector globally.

8 AutoPLANT October/November 2017 AutoPlant_SDT_Oct.indd 1 2017-10-17 2:28 PM

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 8 2017-10-18 2:35 PM ECONOMY

2017 growth: ECONOMIC TRENDS IN THE AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR So far, so good On track for 3.7% EMPLOYMENT 2012-2016 as the momentum builds The automotive industry employed 125,395 people in 2016, an increase he Canadian economy contin- of 16,913 jobs compared to 2012. ues to exceed expectations. Approximately 30% of the workforce is T Scotiabank Economics notes employed in vehicle assembly and 70% Q1 expansion roared ahead at in parts manufacturing, according to A an annualized 3.7%, only to pass Profile of the Automotive Manufacturing that mark in Q2 at 4.5%. And the Industry in Canada, 2012-2016. The APRC momentum continues. Real GDP report says Canadian firms accounted growth will be 3.1% for the year, for 50% of parts employees, Japanese which is way ahead of the 2% most companies 18% and US firms 13%. analysts and Scotiabank anticipat- Advisory firm KPMG gives Canada an ed at the beginning of the year. 11.2% labour cost advantage over US parts suppliers. But growth will slow to 2% in Sources: Statistics Canada, as noted in A Profile of the Automotive Manufacturing 2018 and 1.5% in 2019. Industry in Canada, 2012-2016. The latest forecast from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development is in the same neighbourhood. The Paris-based economic think tank expects the Canadian economy $110.42 to grow 3.2% this year, the best performance in the G7, which is an BILLION upgrade from a June forecast of Value of the automotive lightweight 2.8%. Next year growth will be 2.3% material market by 2021, driven by Globally, the OECD expects 3.5% Vehicles sold in September, a 7.7% stringent emission and fuel economy growth this year and 3.8% in 2018, increase from the same month a regulations, plus the growth in sales

which is an improvement over a 186,800 year ago and on track for 2 million of electric vehicles. previous forecast of 3.6%. units in Canada for year. Research and Markets RBC Economics sees business DesRosiers Automotive Reports investment picking up as firm demand pushes capacity limits, despite uncertainty radiating from the NAFTA negotiations. Investment posted the fastest The percentage of Ontario auto increase in almost five years and industry workers who have a RBC expects more solid spending 45% post-secondary education. in the second quarter. $15B Ontario Government The Bank of Canada’s July outlook survey showed a near-re- What the automotive cord level of companies intending industry contributes to invest in the year ahead, while annually to Ontario’s GDP. higher imports of machinery and Ontario Government equipment, rising machinery sales by Canadian companies and a pickup in the hiring of engineering construction workers add to the optimistic outlook. Scotiabank observes industrial Canada’s position among the top 10 vehicle operating rates rising and a grow- producing companies. China is first, the US ing backlog stoking manufacturers’ second and Mexico is seventh. Canada was confidence. th ahead of its North American amigo as of Industrial machinery demand 2005 by about 1 million units. Mexico pulled is up 25% year-over-year, reviving 9 ahead in 2010. in BC and rebounding to 45% in International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers

Alberta. FOTOLIA ILLUSTRATIONS:

www.plant.ca AutoPLANT 9

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 9 2017-10-18 2:35 PM REAR-VIEW Canada’s first automobile Henry Seth Taylor wasn’t aiming to be a disrupter of the transportation industry when he built Canada’s first Trimmed for Canadian truckers automobile and unveiled it at Oh Canada! The Canadian the Stanstead, Que. Fall Fair Maple Leaf truck was built in 1867. Taylor, a watchmak- Henry Seth Taylor’s steam-powered buggy. at the General Motors of er and jeweller, modelled his Canada , Ont. plant steam-powered buggy after a US-built steam car he saw at a fair from 1946 to 1957, sporting three years earlier. It was a personal project to show he could build minor trim differences to a buggy of his own design, which made use of the most available its US counterpart. There fossil fuel at the time: coal (or wood), stored in a nook under the seat. are a few around. One ver- A two-cylinder boiler was mounted behind the driver with rubber sion, a ladder truck, was hoses connected to a six-gallon water tank between the front wheels. recently listed on Kijiji for Traction was sketchy with metal strips wrapped around the wheels A GMC heavier-duty Maple Leaf truck. $5,000, but they can sell instead of rubber. Fully pressurized steam moved the piston attached PHOTO: NZ CAR FREAK for as much as $30,000. to the rear axle for forward motion of up to 20 km/hr, but there was no reverse gear or brakes. This one-off now resides at the Canada Science and Technology Museum in Ottawa. Wheel of EV progress Hats off to engineer and physicist Pierre Couture who developed an What’s in a name? electric wheel motor concept in 1994. Chrysler has gone through The Quebecer worked at the Institut some changes since it set up de recherche d’Hydro-Québec (IREQ), shop in Windsor, Ont. In 1925 it which was developing a prototype gained control of the Max- electric vehicle based on the Dodge well-Chalmers plant and with Intrepid as part of a $100 million pro- The MOTIVE motor. PHOTO: PRESS 00 181 employees, produced 7,857 vincial government project. Fuel con- vehicles in the first year. In sumption was rated at between 80% and 85%. However, the project was Employees gather around a 1967 Plymouth 1998 Chrysler merged with the dropped in 1995 with Couture and his staff resigning. The project was Fury coming off the production line at Chrys- German automaker Daimler to picked up by Hydro Quebec subsidiary TM4, which joined the Dassault ler’s Windsor, Ont. assembly plant. PHOTO: FCA form Daimler-Chrysler Canada. Group in France to develop the Cleanova. Prototypes were built in 2006, That union wrapped up in 2007 when the automaker was sold to Cer- and in 2009 TM4 partnered with India’s Tata Motors and a Danish firm to berus Capital Management and renamed Chrysler Canada Inc. The re- test a demonstrator in Norway. In 2011, Tata Motors expect to sell up to cession pushed Chrysler into bankruptcy protection, emerging in 2009 5,000 of its Indica Vista EVs in Europe. To meet demand, TM4 upgraded under joint ownership of the UAW, the Canadian and US governments its production facilities in Boucherville to produce up to 10,000 units of and Fiat S.p.A. In 2014 Fiat bought the rest of the common shares the MOTIVE powertrain. TM4 now designs and manufactures electric and on this side of the border the automaker is now FCA Canada (but motors, generators, power electronics and control systems. In 2012 it still Chrysler Canada to the locals). Year-to-date it’s tracking third for entered into a 50/50 joint venture and licensing agreement with China’s Canadian market share. Presolite Electric Beijing Ltd. to build electric buses.

Bricklin lands like a brick Believe it or not, Canada briefly had a car of its own and it projected a sporty, early Batmobile- potential chic about it. The Bricklin SV-1 was the creation of Malcolm Bricklin, an American millionaire who founded Subaru of America in 1968. He sold his interest in the company to make his own cars in Saint John and Minto, NB. The Bricklin, with its cool if somewhat impractical factory-powered gull-wing doors and dent-resistant plastic body, was supposed to be a safe and economical sports car, but the added weight of the safety features made it inefficient. Features included an integrated roll cage with 8 km/h bumpers and side beams. Front suspension was A-arms and coil springs with leaf springs on a live axle in the rear. The 1974 models were powered by a 360 cubic-inch AMC 360 V8 while the 1975-76 models rocked a 351 cubic-inch Ford Windsor V8. Unfortunately, Bricklin couldn’t produce the cars fast enough, selling only 2,854 before the company went into receivership, owing the New Brunswick government $21 million (about $87.6 million in 2017 dollars). One estimate has 420 vehicles still in play, and Colossal Canadian Failures

A Bricklin SV-1 gull-winged sportster. PHOTO: THOMAS DOERFER says you can pick one up today on eBay for about $22,000.

10 AutoPLANT October/November 2017

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 10 2017-10-18 2:35 PM PARTS WORLD Automotive parts suppliers are ready for the future

BY FLAVIO VOLPE far more advanced final product. But machinery is only half the story. Modern he Automotive Parts Manufacturers’ Asso- robots aren’t operated so much as they’re pro- ciation (APMA) has watched the Canadian grammed and operated by highly trained people T automotive industry grow up over the past 65 who are much more skilled than their predecessors years and a lot has happened in that time. It has from past decades. Investing in upgraded ma- become one of the most integrated market sectors chines and people has paid off. Skilled operators in North America touting cutting edge technology extract additional efficiencies that go beyond what and processes. It employs almost 100,000 people these machines were designed for. Nothing breeds and generates $32 billion in revenue annually. innovation like smart people using smart equip- As Canada, the US and Mexico work diligently to ment, and these jobs are in very high demand – so renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agree- high that some companies are having trouble filling ment (NAFTA), the industry will likely change even them with qualified people. At some point in the more. Some in the industry are worried about the near future, our post-secondary education system deal Canada will ultimately get from this will need to better fit their programs to negotiation. Their fear actual job requirements (but that’s “TODAY’S MODERN is understandable. a subject for another time). The value prop- So where does this leave MACHINE TOOLS MAKE ositions for both Canada in a NAFTA 2.0 PRODUCTS THAT ARE Mexico and the US world? are self-evident (cheap Despite what the ACCURATE TO A FEW labour and large market, alarmists say, Can- respectively). How ada’s automotive MICRONS; AND THEY’RE can Canada hope to parts manufacturers PRODUCING THEM AT compete? are in a position of To answer that strength and poised A PACE NEVER SEEN question, we must first to get stronger moving BEFORE…” understand how Canada’s forward. Canada and the US auto parts sector has evolved Cut-away of a transmission. PHOTO: FOTOLIA can’t compete with Mexico’s over the years. One of our much lower labour costs, nor member companies has a retired mid-20th century, should they try. Canada’s economy, while healthy hand-operated, mould-cutting machine on display and vibrant, is nowhere near the size of the US in its main foyer. By today’s exacting standards, economy. Most of our products are exported. Can- this machine was slow and the product it produced ada’s value proposition in NAFTA has always been grossly inaccurate. The person using this machine high-quality, high-tech products made by a skilled had to be as much an artist as an operator. While and highly trained workforce. And with this work- this old machine may stir up nostalgic feelings for force, automotive parts manufacturers are ready some, it’s as far behind the modern equivalent as a to produce the high-tech, state of the art parts and typewriter is to an iPad. components needed for the electric/connected and As the 20th century moved forward, the sector autonomous vehicles of tomorrow. faced downward pressure on costs and upward From start to finish, parts and components cross pressures on productivity and quality. The solution the borders several times before a vehicle is ready was innovation and smart investment – better for the dealer’s lot. Nobody wants an outcome that tools, better machines, better training – and it makes it harder for the North American supply chain worked. to get access to Canadian automotive parts (and Thanks to these innovations, Canada’s auto expertise). As a close observer of the NAFTA nego- parts sector has become a world leader in quality, tiations, I can assure you the people involved in the design, testing, and preparedness for the future. discussions know that, and are acting accordingly. Today’s modern machine tools make products that are accurate to a few microns; and they’re produc- Flavio Volpe is president of the Automotive Parts ing them at a pace never seen before. Technology Manufacturers’ Association (APMA) in Toronto. advances have made modern machinery more effi- Visit https://apma.ca. cient, accurate, versatile, data-driven, digital and connected. And these machines are feeding into a Comments? E-mail [email protected].

www.plant.ca AutoPLANT 11

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 11 2017-10-18 2:35 PM OUTLOOK What’s ahead for AUTOMOTIVE TRUMP, TRADE AND TECHNOLOGY’S Canada is well positioned to meet the technology needs of the 21st IMPACT ON THE AUTO SECTOR century vehicle.

BY JEFF BROWNLEE

hatever the uncertainty and impact “tweak- ing” NAFTA and presidential tweeting may Whave on North America’s most integrated industry, Canada’s auto sector is negotiating some sharp curves as it adapts to digital disruption and environmental imperatives that will set the stage for the future. Yet the outlook is promising. “Canadian companies are showcasing their lead- ership in the development of advanced technologies shaping the future of the auto industry,” said Navdeep Bains, Canada’s Minister of Innovation, Science and Economic Development at January’s North American International Auto Show in Toronto. “Canada is uniquely well-positioned to lead on the design, development and production of the cars of the future,” he said. Those cars will be lighter, more fuel efficient, and in many cases are powered by electricity or hydro- gen, digitally connected and operating autonomously. “We are seeing a merging of ICT (information com- munication technologies) and the automotive space,” says Christian Bertrand, automotive sector specialist at Export Development Canada (EDC). “The trend the past few years has been that a lot of these compa- nies start to look at automotive.” Why? Stringent pollution emission targets for autos established by former US President Barack Obama and changing customer demand related to vehicle connectivity. While companies are gearing up for a digital future, the Trump administration is covering the traditional industry in a bit of a fog. Calls to tweak NAFTA, a more protectionist sentiment and a commitment to repeal Obama’s EPA standards are keeping the indus- try on its toes. “You have 51 years of absolute, total integration of the second-most complex manufactured product in the world,” says Dennis DesRosiers, a Canadian au- tomotive expert, analyst and principal of DesRosiers Automotive Consultants Inc., in Richmond Hill, Ont. “You can’t undo that – you can’t take a genie out of the bottle here.” Ford Edge rolling off the production line at the Oakville Assembly plant. PHOTO: FORD DesRosiers is referring to the Trump adminis-

12 AutoPLANT October/November 2017

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 12 2017-10-18 2:35 PM tration’s promise to renegotiate nizing regulations makes sense. NAFTA, rules of origin (raise the Things could get tricky, however, requirement from 62.5% to 85%) as Trump and Prime Justin Minis- and content rules (half from the 2018 , made at the CAMI plant in Ingersoll, Ont. PHOTO:GM ter Trudeau are on opposite ends US). Starting with the AutoPact in of the environmental spectrum. It’s 1965, free trade between Canada unlikely Trudeau would concede to and the US has been defined by Trump’s demands to eliminate fuel the automotive industry. Since emissions standards completely. NAFTA came into force in 1994, That’s not just from an environ- complex supply chains between mental standpoint, but also from the three countries are deeply an innovation angle, where much integrated within the North Ameri- of Canada’s R&D and technology can economy. development focus, in the auto sec- “If you were to do something at tor at least, has been on products the border that would disrupt the that mitigate the environmental (degree of) integration like get rid of impact of cars and other modes of NAFTA or change content require- transport. ments, it would destroy the inte- Canada is, at least, well posi- gration and everything integration tioned to mitigate the shockwaves has brought to the marketplace,” of a potential Trump disruption, DesRosiers says. “The number one Toyota’s first hydrogen fuel facility to be built at its Québec zone office. PHOTO:TOYOTA particularly as it relates to technolo- thing integration has brought to the gy. The demand from consumers for marketplace is stable pricing.” wait,” he says. “It’s not in their best interest a more connected vehicle will drive future By singling out Mexico in terms of “getting to make decisions right now, at least until opportunities, and it comes at a time when a better deal” in NAFTA renegotiations, the we know more precisely what the Americans Canadian technology companies are forming US administration is toying with disrupting have in mind.” a new, super information highway between automotive supply chains in all three partner the tech hot-bed of Waterloo, Ont. all the way countries. That’s left many auto-based com- Fuel emissions reduction through Windsor’s rich auto manufacturing panies north of the 49th parallel wondering The Trump administration is also set on history and into the Big 3-dominated metro- what the overall impact will be on their eliminating stringent fuel emissions stan- politan area of Detroit. operations. dards put into law by the Obama adminis- “A decade ago, the big advances in auto “This new wave of ‘America-first’ thinking tration. But doing so risks slowing the pace innovation and technology were found inside is not just troubling Mexico. Canadian pro- of innovation and technology development the car and under the hood. Now innovation ducers are worried that the ill feelings might related to advances in alternative fuel extends well beyond the car through mobile also shift our way, forcing, or subtly coercing sources and parts lightweighting. Naturally, connectivity and business model transforma- increased production stateside,” explains Trump says the standards threaten auto tion,” Steve Carlisle, president and managing Peter Hall, EDC’s vice-president and chief jobs, a popular tone among his nationalist director of General Motors Canada wrote in economist, adding that Canadian companies supporters and a portion of American auto a 2016 Montreal Gazette opinion piece. “The are worried about their existing operations workers who fear a rise of the robots that future of the automobile is increasingly elec- in Mexico, where tier one suppliers are set- will once and for all eliminate traditional tric, connected, autonomous (or self-driving) ting up shop to co-locate with customers. manufacturing jobs. and an integral part of the sharing economy.” “Industry is on the defensive, and seriously “If the standards threatened auto jobs, EDC believes Canadian companies are wondering what their next investment moves then common-sense changes could have and well positioned to play a leadership role in might be.” should have been made,” Trump said. “We these developments. To date, the Big 3 haven’t wavered on are going to restore the originally scheduled “I’m encouraged by the number of inno- investment plans. Ford is still planning to midterm review, and we are going to ensure vative companies I meet that are marketing invest $700 million into its Ontario opera- that any regulations we have protect and directly to OEM automotive companies,” tions, while General Motors Canada’s $554 defend your jobs, your factories.” says Bertrand. ” million-boost for Ontario operations is still Trump’s comments were spurred on by In the meantime, automakers, parts on the table. And Fiat Chrysler still plans to CEOs of the Big 3 OEMs who have suggested suppliers and other players would be wise inject $325 million into a new paint shop at the standards – without tweaking – could put to continue business as usual while Trump, its Brampton plant. 1 million jobs at risk. trade and technology play out. Playing the waiting game is a good strate- This is creating more uncertainty in Cana- gy, according to international trade lawyer da because of the country’s commitment to Jeff Brownlee is a business writer based in Lawrence Herman. reduction targets outlined by Obama in 2012. Ottawa. E-mail [email protected]. “My advice to auto companies would be to And because of the industry’s integrated think about the worst-case scenario, but to nature across the US/Canada border, harmo- Comments? E-mail [email protected].

www.plant.ca AutoPLANT 13

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 13 2017-10-18 2:35 PM MOBILITY

GM adds advanced mobility innovation to Disruptive Markham’s fast growing technology cluster. Steve Carlisle, GM Canada’s president and here’s nothing like a bit of general manager, announcing the creation disruption to freshen up the of Canadian Technical Centre. PHOTO: GM AUTO R&D T automotive industry and General Motors of Canada is intends to expand its Canadian GM’S NEW CENTRE FOR doing its bit on the R&D side. engineering base by 1,000 posi- GM employs 250 engineers tions over the next few years. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT at its Oshawa Tech Centre and The automaker’s efforts are focused on the vehicles of the future, including autonomous vehicle software and controls, active safety and vehicle dynam- ics technology, infotainment and connected vehicle technology, which has exceeded the Oshawa Transfer carts are plaƞorms used for the horizontal movement of materials, assemblies & other centre’s capacity. items. Compact in design, they can handle upwards of 60 ton, work well in areas with limited oor This led to GM’s new Canadian space and are 100% custom-made to your specicaƟons. Transfer carts can opƟmize Technical Centre where GM de- manufacturing processes, are easy to operate and available as on-rail, towed or steerable units. velops software for connected, autonomous and shared vehicles Liftin and mobility systems. d g The 150,000 square-foot e S r Markham Campus has 180 em- e y s ployees but will accommodate

e t

n up to 750 when it’s complete.

e i

ELS m g “We see an opportunity for

s n Canada to be part of something

E even bigger – a new global auto innovation supply chain. Our Canadian software and tech- nology work has the potential to make its way into some 10 million vehicles GM designs and produces around the world each year,” said Steve Carlisle, GM Canada’s president and manag- ing director. The Markham Campus hosted 70 CEOs from the Business Council of Canada a tour of the facility in January, where they ENGINEERED TO had a look at the state-of-the art labs that will develop the futur- istic software. MOVE The Canadian Technical Centre joins Markham’s fast growing technology cluster of 4,400 firms, the largest ICT con- centration in Canada. GM will also invest $10 million in its Kapuskasing Cold Weather facility where it will conduct testing for a wide range of new products and technologies.

Comments? E-mail [email protected].

14 AutoPLANT October/November 2017 AutoPlant_ELS.indd 1 2017-08-09 1:40 PM

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 14 2017-10-18 2:35 PM TRENDS

Smart technology, driverless vehicles and mobility as a service will revolutionize driving. PHOTO: FOTOLIA

major business model disruption over the next five years around mobility and digital applica- tions. Speaking of disruption, the industry is based on number of cars sold, but 59% believe consumers won’t want to own a car by 2025. Not owning isn’t strong now but look out as folks become fed up with parking and congestion, relying instead on Mobility as a Service. Autono- mous driving will revolutionize the way we use cars and 68% of going to decrease significantly. executives feel purchasing cri- Based on demand-oriented devel- teria of the past such as perfor- Our automotive opment, alternative powertrains mance and speed, safety innova- will increase from 4% in 2016 to tion, environmental friendliness only 7% in 2023. However, regula- or comfort will be irrelevant. tion aiming for set CO2 reduction And 89% say vehicle-independent goals will likely drive up the features will be key. e-mobility share to 30% of global automotive production. Digital revolution The digital ecosystem will gener- FUTURE ate more revenues than the car’s Investing GLOBAL CEOS IDENTIFY Over the next five years, 53% hardware, say 83% of executives, of executives plan to invest in while 82% agree a Silicon Valley THE LEADING TRENDS plug-in hybrids, and 52% in ICE company will launch the next car vehicles and full hybrids. KPMG in four years. Looking ahead to A KPMG study looks battery electric vehicles (BEVs) surveyed 240 consumers on their 2025, 35% see OEMs offering ve- at where automotive have overtaken connectivity and purchasing preferences and hicle dependent and independent digitization as the top trend, but found full hybrids are their first services over the whole customer executives think the 62% believe they’ll eventally fail next car choice (36%), but 21% lifecycle as the favoured business industry is going. because of the difficulty setting would still buy an ICE vehicle. model. And 15% say OEMs will up a user-friendly charging become contract manufacturers ew power trains, digital infrastructure. Most (78%) feel Big changes ahead for ICT companies. technology, mobility, auton- fuel cell vehicles will be the Measuring market share based Nomous vehicles and climate real breakthrough. Refuelling is on unit sales is outdated, say 71% Comments? change are shaking up the global faster at traditional gas stations of respondents and 83% expect a E-mail [email protected]. automotive industry. Traditional versus 25 to 45 minutes for is being usurped by the evolu- BEVs. But 76% believe the inter- tionary and revolutionary. So nal combustion engine (ICE) will where is the industry heading? continue to be important, while KPMG LLP, the global audit, 53% say the diesel is pretty much tax and advisory firm, sur- dead, except for long transport veyed 1,000 auto executives hauls, because there aren’t a lot from around the world, includ- of alternatives for medium and ing Canada, from all aspects of heavy trucks. the industry, including OEMs, parts suppliers, ICT compa- Status of ICE nies, services providers and Internal combustion still has dealers. some mileage left in it as electric Here are some highlights. alternatives are further devel- oped and integrated into existing Powertrains platforms, but KPMG says its Fifty per cent of executives say share of the future market is Powertrain technologies top the CEO agenda. PHOTO: FOTOLIA

www.plant.ca AutoPLANT 15

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 15 2017-10-18 2:35 PM LEGAL

Introducing driverless vehicles into our lives comes with unique legal risks.

BY IMRAN AHMAD AND SARAH NASRULLAH

hen the first Michael Bay Transformer movie was Wreleased in 2007 depicting alien robots that could trans- form into driverless vehicles of various sizes, the idea of such autonomous contraptions Gathering data from the environment. PHOTO: FOTOLIA seemed far-fetched. Today, autonomous and connected ve- hicles are much closer to reality than fiction. Studies predict approximately Going 21 million autonomous vehicles DRIVERLESS will be on the road by 2035, depending on how quickly the LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS technology can be developed, tested and brought to market. FOR THE AUTO INDUSTRY Vehicles that drive with nology connect to the internet reduce costs for transportation and caused the accident? This is minimal human supervision are and transportation infrastruc- and trucking companies, as well yet to be clarified. Adding to the classified on a scale from 0 to 5 ture to interact and exchange in- as reduce daily congestion in complications is whether the ac- (fully automated), as published formation with other vehicles to large metropolitan centres by cident was due to a malfunction by the Society of Automotive create a safer and more efficient 50 minutes. But there are legal occurring during the interaction Engineers. And they rely on transport network. risks to consider: of different sensors, or relaying sensors (such as radar and cam- Autonomous vehicles offer 1. Cybersecurity. Autono- the information from the cloud eras) and computer analytics to many potential advantages. mous vehicles have more than took too much time. And how sense their environments and They eliminate human error and 100 electrical components. will insurance companies calcu- navigate without human input. emotion to reduce fatalities (up Any of these could be hacked late risk as liability shifts from Vehicles using wireless tech- to 90% by some estimates), and and controlled from a remote the driver to the autonomous location. There’s additional risk vehicle and its manufacturer? related to information gathered How driverless works by vehicles that’s usually stored Regulations and policy utonomous vehicles gather data from the environment using a combination with a third-party cloud provid- Currently, there are no federal A of sensors such as Lidar (light detection and ranging), radars, cameras, and er. And many devices in these safety standards in Canada for sensors, both ultrasonic and infrared. vehicles come from different autonomous vehicles, but the An onboard computer combines these data feeds with GPS coordinates and manufacturers, adding another 2016 federal budget allocated detailed maps to build a three-dimensional model of the immediate environment source of vulnerability. $7.3 million over two years to (typically up to 61 metres). Artificial intelligence identifies important features 2. Data privacy. Vehicle-col- support their development. such as other vehicles, pedestrians, lane markings and speed signs; then the lected data includes: location; Ontario is the first province to computer extracts relevant information for each one, such as the speed limit, the environment; driver bio- allow automated vehicle testing location, speed and acceleration of other vehicles and pedestrians. metrics; climate control; and on its roads. The framework These features update the initial plan to ensure the vehicle reaches its the passenger communication covers how testing will be done destination safely and legally. For example, even if the initial intent was to system. This raises significant and the development of a more accelerate to 60 kph but traffic is heavy and moving slowly, the vehicle must privacy concerns. Protection of comprehensive framework. limit its speed to that of personal information is gov- Canada and the US generally the next car. erned by the Personal Informa- harmonize safety regulations. Once an action is taken, tion Protection and Electronic The American Association the vehicle will repeat the Documents Act, which applies to of Motor Vehicles (AAMVA) cycle of sensing, planning all provinces except those with convened US and Canadian and acting (if needed) substantially similar legislation. experts to develop guidelines. several times a minute 3. Accident liability. Who Their NHTSA Federal Automat- to react quickly to new shoulders the liability: the OEM, ed Vehicles Policy (released in Using the road more efficiently. PHOTO: FOTOLIA situations. or the supplier of sensors and September 2016) coincided with equipment that malfunctioned the NHTSA Cybersecurity Best

16 AutoPLANT October/November 2017

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 16 2017-10-20 10:54 AM Practices for Modern Vehicles, disclosure policy to provide which offered these recommen- guidance to external cyberse- dations: curity researchers on how to • Use the guidance and best disclose vulnerabilities. practices provided by NIST, • Develop a documented process NHTSA and Auto ISAC. Iden- for responding to incidents, tify risks, analyze potential vulnerabilities and exploits. threats and establish rapid Outline roles and responsibili- detection and remediation ca- ties for each group to ensure a pabilities. Document compa- rapid response; define metrics nies’ actions, changes, design to assess the effectiveness Sensors feed data to an onboard computer to create a 3D model of the vehicle’s choices and analysis. of the process; report all environment. PHOTO: FOTOLIA • Appoint a high-level, senior incidents, exploits and vul- executive responsible for the nerabilities to the Auto ISAC; such as controlling developer As technology and capabilities cybersecurity of the product. and periodically run response access to an ECU for de- evolve, long-term security is A top-down approach encour- capability exercises to test the ployed units by eliminating or critical. Have a thorough under- ages the rest of the organiza- effectiveness of the disclosure limiting access to authorized standing of policy, regulatory tion to make this a priority. policy operations and internal privileged users; limit diag- framework and accepted best Allocate resources focused response processes. nostic features to a specific practices. on researching, investigating, • Document the details related mode of vehicle operation; implementing, testing and val- to the cybersecurity process consider encryption to prevent Imran Ahmad is a partner idating product cybersecurity for both auditing and account- unauthorized recovery and specializing in cybersecurity measures and vulnerabilities. ability. Include risk assess- analysis of firmware; limit and technology law at Miller • Share information. Join the ments, penetration test results the use of network servers Thomson LLP. Sarah Nasrullah Auto ISAC and share as much and organizational decisions. on vehicle ECUs to essential practices cybersecurity law. information as possible to stay • Implement fundamental vehi- functionality; and avoid send- on top of cybersecurity. cle cybersecurity protections. ing safety signals as messages Comments? • Create a reporting and Develop cyber awareness, on common data buses. E-mail [email protected].

5-fold soldering efficiency improvement

Defects cut from double digits to below 1%

Cloud-based data for accurate forecasting

www.plant.caUR_Ad_Creating_Revolutions_PRINT.indd 3 AutoPLANT12/09/2017 18.47 17 MA_Universal_Oct.indd 1 2017-09-20 8:34 AM

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 17 2017-10-18 2:35 PM SECURITY

No business is too small to be a cyber target. PHOTO: FOTOLIA

money from its victims, has also increased in prevalence by 50% since 2016. Additionally, IBM es- timated 60% of all cyber attacks are inside jobs, with 75% result- ing from the work of malicious perpetrators, and 25% caused by unintentional actions. This means a growing number of organizations of all sizes and across all industries are expe- riencing the horrors of cyber breaches first-hand. In 2016, the global WannaCry virus forced French auto manufacturer Renault to temporarily halt pro- duction in its Douai facility for a day. Similarly, 2,200-employee AW North Carolina, a transmis- sion manufacturer supplying New technologies offer Toyota, was hit by ransomware many benefits but increase twice over the last 12 months. Play it Such risks shouldn’t prevent the risk of data breaches. Canadian manufacturers from making the investments neces- BY SUNIL CHAND sary to launch their organiza- tions into the future, but they anadian manufacturers should do so with their eyes in the highly competitive open. As cyber hackers become Cautomotive sector have a lot more sophisticated and breach- to gain by embracing Industry SMART es more damaging, companies 4.0. Interconnected technologies CYBER SECURE YOUR PLANT would be well-served to ramp that automate, the Industrial In- up their defenses if they hope ternet of Things (IIoT) and cloud the world are taking steps to But this rise in technology to protect their technological computing have the potential to adopt smarter manufacturing adoption also raises cyber investments. dramatically change just-in-time processes. Global procurement threats. Today, manufacturers AW North Carolina, which manufacturing by enhancing of robots is at an all-time high, are the most common target for supplies auto parts to nine Toy- interoperability, information with the International Feder- e-mail-based malware, a cyber ota car and truck plants across transparency, technical assis- ation of Robotics reporting threat that a Verizon report says North America, estimated it tance and decision-making. auto manufacturers in NAFTA is responsible for 51% of data lost $270,000 per hour during its But new technologies come nations making up 55% of global breaches across industries. first attack. Its production lines with a darker side. As more purchases. New smart factories Ransomware, a form of malware were shut down for close to four information is stored online, are also being built. designed to extort hefty sums of hours. equipment becomes increasing- ly interconnected and robots become more autonomous, Cyber attacks increasing • The most frequent compromise comes from web-borne malicious internal and external malware (76%) and rootkits (67%). actors will have more opportuni- calar Decisions Inc., a Toronto-based IT company • Threats on the rise include spear phishing, which ex- ties to exploit them. Ssurveyed of 650 Canadian IT and security workers ploits the vulnerability of existing software greater than To ensure your company and earlier this year and found declining confidence among three months old, and botnet attacks. its technological investments organizations for the third consecutive year. • Mobile devices (75%) and third party applications are adequately protected, it’s The average number of reported cyber attacks rose to (70%) were identified as the greatest potential risks critical to acknowledge and 44 per year, up nearly 30% since the initial survey in 2014. threatening their company’s IT environment. understand the risks, and take Most respondents also report that both the severity (81%) • Negligent third party risk has increased significantly appropriate steps to mitigate and sophistication (72%) of attacks are increasing. since last year along with negligent insider risk. them. Here are the highlights: • Only 21% of respondents faced with ransomware While Industry 4.0 is still in its • 41% of organizations had systems in place to deal with threats report incidents to law enforcements. The most infancy, there are signs auto- advanced persistent threats, up from 38% last year. common reaction is to simply pay the ransom. motive manufacturers around

18 AutoPLANT October/November 2017

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 18 2017-10-18 2:35 PM The ransomware infiltrated doesn’t need access to an area of 6. Train your employees. ments must evolve in tandem. the plant’s computer network af- your network, don’t grant it. They must understand their role ter an employee clicked on a link 4. Update your security in cybersecurity. Show them Sunil Chand is director, cyber- in a legitimate-looking e-mail, measures. Apply all software what to look for when identi- security for Grant Thornton a common method used by patches when they become fying phishing e-mails, how to LLP, a Canadian accounting hackers called phishing. While available and ensure your sys- handle sensitive online informa- and advisory firm providing ransomware is swiftly becom- tems are regularly backed up to tion and the elements of strong audit, tax and advisory ser- ing a significant threat for auto prevent loss. passwords. vices. E-mail Sunil.Chand@ manufacturers, there are other 5. Establish a response No business is too small to be ca.gt.com. Visit http://www. ways malicious actors could put plan. It will be easier to get a cyber target. To successfully grantthornton.ca/. your business at risk. A compet- your systems up and running compete in an evolving, smarter itor could hire someone to inject quickly in the inevitable event of world of manufacturing, tech- Comments? malware into your network, a breach. nology and cybersecurity invest- E-mail [email protected]. or your smaller suppliers, and change the specs of certain soft- ware elements. This corporate espionage could lead to errors in manufacturing, serious safety issues, massive recalls or other dire consequences. Taking action Internal threats are also grow- ing, making your people one of the greatest potential cyber risks your company faces. As jobs become more automated, interconnected and mobile, em- ployees have more opportunities to unwittingly put your network at risk by sharing sensitive information over e-mail, using BAD personal phones to conduct work activity or failing to appropriately safeguard work computers with strong passwords. Disgruntled MOVE. employees or those working on behalf of outsiders can also bypass firewalls and cause signif- icant network damage. While there is no way to com- pletely defend your organization GOOD from these risks, there are ways to mitigate them or minimize the damage when breaches occur. Here are some strategies to MOVE. consider: 1. Identify your security priorities. This includes people, processes and technologies that support critical business func- tions. Allocate the necessary cybersecurity resources. 2. Frequently test for vulnerabilities. Cyber threats are always evolving. Watch any new vulnerabilities that could be Up to 75% more tensile strength and 30% higher transmittable force. exploited. 3. Harden your systems. Reduce the points of entry into your organization by enabling moveThe New Generation-s oferies Timing Belts only what you need. If a person www.brecoflex.com

www.plant.ca AutoPLANT 19 PLANT Brecoflex Sept 17.indd 1 2017-08-15 10:24 AM

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 19 2017-10-20 8:22 AM INTERVIEW Q&A with BILL EASDALE HIS TAKE ON LIFE AT HONDA AND AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURING

purchasing team, and he spent go to work for him. build at HCM (Civic in Plant 1 many years at Honda of America and the CR-V in Plant 2) require Mfg., where he was most recent- What are the most exciting parts a great deal of advance plan- Bill Easdale, senior vice-president, Honda ly vice-president. The following of your job and what brings you the ning and work. of Canada Mfg. PHOTOS: HONDA Q&A has been edited. most joy at work? The best part of my work is Why is it important for HCM to be He’s glad to be back and Tell us about yourself, your life at interfacing with the great people a global hub for specific vehicle looking forward to the Honda and the various roles you’ve at HCM. My joy comes from platforms? had at the company. setting the framework for the As the global lead plant for challenges that lie ahead. I was born in Sarnia, Ont. successful future of HCM, to the 2016 Honda Civic, HCM was I’ve worked for Honda Man- provide stability and growth for presented with the opportunity hen you see Honda ufacturing for 29 years with our current associates, and for to impress Honda Motor and Civics or a CR-Vs on the assignments in Ohio, Japan and our future associates. our North American customers W road, think of Honda Ontario; and worked in many with the quality that we are of Canada Mfg. (HCM) with its areas of our business including, What are HCM’s plans for the future? capable of here in Alliston. Our three plants in Alliston, Ont., purchasing, new model develop- In the first two weeks of associates stepped up to meet about 4,000 associates and a ment and corporate planning. 2017, we made an announce- the challenge and thanks to production capacity of 390,000 ment about Honda’s significant their hard work we created a vehicles a year that are sold in Why did you get into the automotive investment in HCM. At that winner. The same can be said North America and other export business? time, we shared the plan to for the 2017 CR-V, which Plant 2 markets. My dad was the senior invest $100 million in brand launched in December. I believe The Japanese automaker has vice-president of Toyota Motor new state-of-the-art paint de- Honda is proving to the Cana- quite a footprint in the Canadian Manufacturing of Canada and partment for Plant 1. It’s under dian automotive sector that a automotive sector. Its manu- he introduced me to the busi- construction now and will be in global product like the Civic facturing operations sit on 450 ness. I liked the pace and the operation by 2020. We also put can be developed right here. We acres of real estate in Alliston – bandwidth, but I also really like a lot of focus on our full model have the skills, the capability to a community also known for its my Dad, and I wanted to keep it changes, which won’t be taking lead the way and we have been potatoes. that way, which is why I did not place soon, but both models we successful at it. HCM began operations in 1986 producing the Accord. Today it assembles the CR-V crossover SUV and is the lead for the Civic, a popular compact that (as of 2016) has been Canada’s best selling car since 1998. Plant 1 produces the Civic Sedan, Si and Coupe, Plant 2 the Civic Sedan and CR-V and Plant 3 about 260,000 four-cylinder engines annually. Bill Easdale, senior vice-pres- ident of HCM, shares his thoughts on life at Honda and how the Canadian automotive industry is faring. He rejoined HCM April 2016 after a previous two-year stint (1997-99) when he supported the Plant 2 start up with the The 2017 CR-V coming off the production line in Alliston, Ont.

20 AutoPLANT October/November 2017

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 20 2017-10-18 2:35 PM are challenges, such as uncer- laboration with all levels of gov- tainty related to trade, foreign ex- ernment, including Ontario, we change rates, competition from believe that Honda can remain other jurisdictions for assembly competitive and that by continu- plants, and sub-national policy ing investment in the province, initiatives (such as high energy we are doing our part to sustain costs and cap and trade regula- the automotive manufacturing tions). Nevertheless, Honda feels sector in the province. the Canadian business climate offers Honda a robust and stable What are the automotive sector’s marketplace to sell our quality, greatest opportunities in the short/ durable and reliable products; long term? a highly skilled and dedicated The priority will be to main- workforce; and a prosperous tain and secure the existing and supportive economic and manufacturing footprint in political environment. We believe Canada and Ontario. There are these factors will help Honda challenges that all of us in the A 2016 Civic, Canada’s best selling car since 1998. remain competitive and that by industry face. We need to work continuing investment in Canada with all industry stakeholders, Describe some of HCM’s efforts to will result in a 44% reduction in and working closely with our along with the government, to improve its environmental footprint. greenhouse gas emissions. stakeholders and all levels of gov- ensure that costs of manufac- We are proud of our many en- ernment, we are doing our part turing vis-a-vis other jurisdic- vironmental efforts at HCM such What’s your outlook for the auto- to ensure the future of Canadian tions remains competitive, so as being a ‘zero waste to landfill’ motive industry in Canada? Any auto manufacturing remains a we can showcase the quality of facility since 2007. Our latest concerns related to trade and the strong, dynamic and an innova- Canada’s advanced automobile environmentally friendly invest- Trump factor? tive component of the economy. manufacturing. ment is the new paint depart- Honda feels positive about the ment for Plant 1 where we are future of automotive manufac- What’s your outlook in Ontario? Comments? utilizing new technology, which turing in Canada. No doubt there By continuing our ongoing col- E-mail [email protected].

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www.plant.ca AutoPLANT 21 PLT_WilDeck_June.indd 1 2016-05-26 9:56 AM

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 21 2017-10-18 2:35 PM INVESTMENT

There are government programs available for technology developers.

BY MATTHEW RODGERS

he future appears to be bright for electric vehicles T (EVs). The world’s leading automotive brands are expand- ing into this segment, but a tran- sition period is underway as gas- Tesla’s Model 3 prototype. Tesla CEO Elon Musk expects monthly production to reach 20,000 vehicles by December. PHOTO: TESLA oline and diesel users hesitate to make the switch. Many drivers development of automotive are opting for plugin hybrid elec- products, new production tric vehicles (PHEVs) that com- methods, or new/expanded bined combustion and electric facilities for fuel-efficient auto power. As drivers become more production. Applicants must comfortable with electric power, provide a minimum project government funding programs EVs investment of $75 million over will help technlogy developers FUNDING WILL HELP YOU five years to be considered. get them there. Grants or repayable funding But first some background. GET AHEAD OF THE CURVE (10% to 15% of eligible costs) European markets have the are available to a maximum highest share of EVs, although Vancouver’s Simon Fraser Uni- with declining use of fossil $80 million. Only projects other international markets are versity, notes China cruised past fuels; with a focus on environmental heating up, according to the a million vehicles last year (from • reduction in CO2 emissions; sustainability will be eligible Global EV Outlook 2016. a couple of thousand 10 years • employment opportunities for for grant funding. And the North American ago) and kept going. This year skilled employees; and • Sustainable Development plugin electric vehicle (PEV) it plans to add as many electric • construction of an extensive Technology Fund (SD market is poised to become a vehicles as there are in the rest charging-station infrastruc- Tech). It allows Canadian major ingredient in the vehicle of the world. ture. tech developers to lead their mix. Release of the Tesla 3 in A report on the economic projects to commercializa- North America this year will impact of EV adoption forecasts Offset costs tion. Projects typically last help to accelerate the market by the following benefits, based on Technology companies investing two to three years and focus almost 60%, and nearly double 10% of Ontario’s market share in EV development can apply for on developing disruptive it in 2018, according to Navigant by 2025: the following government grants technologies that will reduce Research. • total economic income of $3.6 and loans to offset project costs: greenhouse gas emissions, Accelerated growth is also billion; • Automotive Supplier In- environmental contamination expected worldwide. Clean • 34,000 person-years of new vestment Fund (ASIP). It or water consumption. The Energy Canada, a program run employment; offers Canadian government fund provides up to up to 33% by the Centre for Dialogue at • significant energy savings grants for automotive manu- of eligible project expenses to facturers researching/develop- a maximum $15 million. ing innovative products or pro- As the shift away from fossil cesses, including prototyping, fuels builds momentum, con- product engineering, pre-com- sumer interest and confidence in mercial testing and validation. alternatives will follow. Now is Only automotive suppliers the time to take advantage of the with fewer than 500 employ- funding opportunities. ees or less than $1 billion in global revenues may apply. Matthew Rogers is a business Grants are valued up to 50% of funding analyst with Mentor eligible project expenses to a Works, based in Cambridge, maximum of $10 million. Ont. It provides assistance • Automotive Innovation and support services related to Fund (AIF). Funding sup- small business funding grants. ports technology investments Visit www.mentorworks.ca. for larger automotive suppliers and manufacturers. Large- Comments? An electric vehicle topping up at a charging station. PHOTO: FOTOLIA scale projects include the E-mail [email protected].

22 AutoPLANT October/November 2017

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 22 2017-10-20 10:55 AM INNOVATION

A collaborative lightweighting project Where the carbon fibre composite subframe fits into the vehicle architecture. with Ford yields 34% mass PHOTOS: MAGNA reduction and 87% fewer parts. it engages proactively with a lead-time of about half a second agna International Inc. has as it recognizes the need for in- been busy on the innova- creased traction before it arises. Mtion front. The Aurora, The electronic all-wheel drive Ont.-based global auto parts management is networked manufacturer, working with with several additional control Ford Motor Co., has developed a devices that in 10-millisecond prototype carbon fibre compos- intervals collect and evaluate ite subframe that reduces mass data, such as the steering angle, by 34% compared to making a friction coefficient, lateral and stamped steel equivalent. longitudinal acceleration and The subframe is a key part of the motor torque. The control a vehicle’s structure, providing system also takes into account a place to attach the engine and driving style, the status of the wheels while contributing to electronic stability control, the rigidity and crash management. Magna takes a selected driving program and Replacing 45 steel parts with trailer identification. two moulded and four metallic A multi-disc clutch integrated parts accounts for an 87% reduc- into the rear axle drive handles tion. Mouldings are joined by the switch between front- and adhesive bonding and structural all-wheel drive modes. In rivets. LOAD OFF front-wheel mode, the clutch is The subframe is the result of opened. joint R&D by Magna and Ford JOINT R&D WITH FORD This disconnects the shaft that’s investigating potential and parts of the rear axle drive, mass-reduction benefits and CREATES LIGHTER CARBON which reduces transmission the technical challenges posed and friction losses. To make the using carbon fibre-reinforced It combines a self-cleaning vates all four wheels, but only switch to all-wheel, the multi- composites in chassis applica- camera with a regulatory compli- when necessary – approximately disc clutch closes and acceler- tions. ant side-view mirror to display a 20% of driving conditions. ates the resting elements of the Magna’s engineering team live feed inside the vehicle. The When there is no need for all- transmission to the rotational involved the body and chassis, camera is mounted on the mirror wheel drive, the rear axle drive speed of the coupling before it and exteriors product groups. beyond the widest point of the is decoupled from the drivetrain, also closes. Control accuracy is Their design has passed all per- vehicle to achieve a maximum and the vehicle operates with high for precisely coordinated formance requirements based field of view and can include fea- front wheels only. processes that are unnoticed by on computer-aided engineering tures such as turn signals, ground The quattro ultra system adds the driver. (CAE) analyses. illumination and surround-view some cool driving dynamics. Magna has 317 manufactur- Prototype subframes are now cameras. When road conditions call for ing operations and 102 product being produced by Magna for additional traction (slick road or development, engineering and component and vehicle-level Advanced AWD dynamic curves) the rear-wheel sales centres in 29 countries. testing at Ford where factors not Magna is also a supplier of 4WD/ drive is engaged to maximize measured by CAE such as cor- AWD systems, and it’s working driving stability. Comments? rosion, stone chipping and bolt with Audi on the new quattro The system doesn’t react, E-mail [email protected]. load retention will be evaluated. ultra all-wheel drive system. The project team will also Audi featured a next-gener- develop a design, manufacturing ation AWD system on its A4 and assembly process based all-road in 2016 that’s reducing on what they learned from the fuel consumption and emissions. prototype. Magna’s Flex4 all-wheel drive is On the tech side, Magna has the technical foundation of this developed a camera-based, system that fits into vehicles advanced driver assistance with longitudinally mounted en- system (ADAS) called ClearView gines and dual-clutch or manual to improve visibility during lane transmissions. changes, backing up and driving Its true all-wheel-drive discon- with a full cargo in the back. nect system automatically acti- Rear-view from the ClearView mirror.

www.plant.ca AutoPLANT 23

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 23 2017-10-18 2:35 PM SMART TECH

The spherical Eagle 360 Urban and IntelliGrip Urban advance real-time tire intelligence.

s the automotive industry looks to a future of smarter, A more environmentally responsible vehicles, Goodyear is developing tires that combine sensors, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence and advanced materials to ensure the trip is intuitively safer. The global tire company based in Akron, Ohio unveiled smart tire concepts at the 2017 The IntelliGrip Urban senses road and weather conditions. PHOTO: GOODYEAR Geneva International Motor Show in March that connect what’s happening on the road to the autonomous vehicles that are envisioned for a near-future Developing smarter world of driverless and shared mobility. Two of its “future” tires are of particular interest. First up is the Eagle 360 Urban. This 3D-printed sphere is powered by artificial intelligence that allows TIRES it to sense, decide, transform GOODYEAR UNVEILS NEXT-GENERATION and interact, while moving in all directions to match the CONCEPTS FOR AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES demands of autonomous and service mobility as a service. to decide the most appropriate neath the tire’s surface change for future urban fleets. It senses “To safely navigate their action. shape with an electrical input, road and weather conditions surroundings, autonomous The tire’s super-elastic working like human muscles. with a specially designed tread vehicles will need to learn to polymer expands and contracts They reshape the individual that provides all-season grip. cope with the millions of possi- like human skin. It covers a sections of the tread, adding Tire sensors gather critical ble unknowns we face in daily foam-like material that remains ‘dimples’ for wet or smoothing road and weather data, sending driving scenarios. To do so they flexible despite the vehicle’s for dry conditions. it directly to the vehicle’s com- will need access to data and the weight. Actuator elements be- puter system to optimize speed, ability to learn and adapt,” said IoT elements braking, handling and stability. Jean-Claude Kihn, president of Information, the related action Operators also precisely identify Goodyear Europe, Middle East and its success is shared with and resolve tire-related issues and Africa. other vehicles, and all of the before they occur. This tire with a brain elements making up the IoT. The tire’s tall and narrow features a bionic skin and When the skin is dam- shape reduces rolling resistance morphing tread that uses aged, the sensors locate to increase the energy efficiency acquired knowledge to the puncture, and the tire and range of electric vehicle adapt to changing road rotates to create a differ- fleets. Decreasing the grooves conditions. ent contact patch. This on the tire improves mileage and A sensor network reduces pressure on the reduces noise, while the shape checks on the tire’s sta- puncture while a self-heal- improves aquaplaning perfor- tus in real time, gathering ing process begins. Ma- mance. information about the terials designed to flow to The upside for mobility provid- road surface, other vehicles, the puncture react physically ers will be more operating time, infrastructure, traffic and mo- and chemically with each other proactive maintenance and a bility management systems. All to form new molecular bonds, safer ride. this information is processed closing the perforation. using neural networks trained The Eagle 360 Urban takes smart tire Goodyear has also unveiled its Comments? with deep learning algorithms, technology to the next level. PHOTO: GOODYEAR IntelliGrip Urban concept tire E-mail [email protected].

24 AutoPLANT October/November 2017

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 24 2017-10-18 2:35 PM MANUFACTURING

Stratasys’s Infinite Build 3D printer is testing large- scale car part printing and lightweighting.

ince the Ford Motor Co. was founded June 16, 1903, it has Sracked up a number of firsts, among them on the manufactur- ing side are the moveable assem- bly line (1913) and automated stamping of body parts (1950). Now it can add piloting large- scale 3D printing to the list. The automaker is running a project with Stratasys, a man- ufacturer of additive manufac- turing systems based in Eden Prairie, Minn., that’s testing the production of big, single-piece Stratasys Infinite Build 3D printer at work. PHOTO: FORD units as prototypes, auto parts and components. The new Stratasys Infinite Build system, housed at Ford’s Research and Innovation Center in Dearborn, Mich., grows large, lightweight thermoplastic parts 3D PRINTING with repeatable mechanical FORD PILOT PROJECT GOES LARGE properties horizontally out of a chamber. It analyzes CAD specifications as it creates design iterations, tomotive sector with the rise of Ford recognizes the Stratasys then prints one layer of material says Ellen Lee, Ford technical capable composites generating system as a potentially more at a time, gradually stacking leader, additive manufacturing $530 million in sales by 2021. efficient and affordable way them into a finished 3D object. research. There are plenty of benefits as “We’re excited to have early the technology advances, espe- access to Stratasys’s new tech- cially in automotive production nology to help steer develop- where the ability to produce ment of large-scale printing for lighter-weight parts translates automotive applications and into improved fuel efficiency. requirements.” For example, Ford notes a 3D-printed spoiler could weigh Automotive opportunities less than half its cast metal The time is right to test the print- counterpart. er’s potential. Declining prices, On the prototyping side, de- new materials and expanding ap- veloping a new intake manifold plications are driving the global would normally involve an engi- market for 3D printers, according neer creating a computer model to Global Industry Analysts Inc., of the part, then waiting months a market intelligence firm in San for the prototype tooling. Ford Jose, Calif. It’s projecting sales of can 3D-print the manifold in a $16.8 billion by 2022. couple of days. “There’s a lot of opportunity, The technology isn’t fast Prototypes of interior console components. PHOTO: FORD especially looking at automo- enough for high-volume work, tive-related materials that meet but at low volume and minus the to create tooling, prototype But when the system senses the all the requirements (of automo- constraints of mass-production, parts, make components for material canister is empty, a ro- tive applications),” Lee said. it creates a host of lower-cost low-volume vehicles (such as botic arm automatically replac- Materials that interest auto- possibilities for more timely pro- performance cars) and produce es it with a full one, allowing the motive users include aluminum duction of specialized parts that personalized car parts. printer to operate unattended and carbon, glass fibre and function more efficiently. The Infinite Build works in for hours, even days. plastics composites. much the same way as a con- This capability would make A SmarTech study forecasts Comments? ventional industrial 3D printer. the automaker more nimble growing demand from the au- E-mail [email protected].

www.plant.ca AutoPLANT 25

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 25 2017-10-18 2:35 PM Dyson’s EV diversification UK innovator Dyson Ltd. has revolutionized technologies that suck and blow (vacuum cleaners, hand and hair dryers, bladeless fans Call for a robotaxi and heaters), but now it’s getting into the auto Mobility as a service (MaaS) business. A team of 400 engineers are working on an has the potential to radically electric car that will launch in 2020. James Dyson, the change the urban transporta- company’s chief engineer, said on Twitter he’s com- tion dynamic. BCG, a Boston mitting more than C$3.3 billion to the project. consulting firm, sees robo- No details are available but we’re guessing taxis replacing conventional the car will be self-cleaning. pick-ups over short distances (costing 35% less than tradi- A Dyson vacuum ready to roll. PHOTO: DYSON Summoning a driverless taxi. tional taxis with one passen- PHOTO: FOTOLIA ger) and eating into subway ridership. But developers will have to come up with an app to deal with the debris and vomit left behind by late-night, partied-out passengers.

Take that Tuk Tuk! A 35-year-old entrepreneur is working on the first Egyptian- made minicar. The Associated Press reported Ahmed Saeed A 1973 Honda Civic and today’s model. PHOTO: HONDA el-Fek wants to create a local product that’s an alternative to the Chinese-built three-wheeled Tuk Tuk, commonly A Civic love affair used as a taxi. His car offers more power (300 cc versus Canadians love their Hondas, especially Civics. The popular compact, Tuk Tuk’s 175 cc); a thicker body (4 mm versus 0.75 mm) a best seller for the past 19 years has topped 2 million units since it fourth wheel; and it sells for less ($1,907 versus $2,130). was introduced to Canadian drivers in 1973 when 747 were sold. He was producing up to 40 a month on his own but is taking It now accounts for nearly 40% of Honda Canada’s annual sales. production up a notch at a different factory space. The Japanese automaker says the Civic is also the longest running nameplate and biggest seller model globally. Production at Honda of Canada Mfg. in Alliston, Ont. began in 1988 with the three-door model. So far, more than 4.8 million have been built there and in 2015, HCM became the global lead plant for the tenth generation Civic. That’s the first time for a global lead outside Japan.

Ford Mustang clay model. PHOTO: FORD We’re waiting with Did you know? baited breath…as to what Despite all the software and ultra-sophisticated virtual design tools at their disposal, automakers use clay to the US is going to propose... make scale and real-size models of each vehicle. Every Mark Nantais, president, Canadian Vehicle detail is covered, including tiny creases in the body that Manufacturers’ Association, on the NAFTA negotiations. define the shape. Ford recycled about 5,000 pounds of its modelling clay in 2015

26 AutoPLANT October/November 2017

AutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 26 2017-10-18 2:35 PM AutoPlant_Impacto_Oct.indd 1 2017-10-17 7:49 AM AutoPlant_Impacto_Oct.inddAutoPLANT_OctNov2017_AMS.indd 1 27 2017-10-172017-10-18 7:492:35 AMPM Expertise you can count no matter what path your business takes

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Balancing capital expenditure and the costs of doing business can be challenging for many auto parts manufacturing companies. At Wells Fargo Equipment Finance, we understand these challenges. By getting to know you and your business, our experienced specialists can help you fi nd the solutions that best meet your needs — now and in the future. To learn more, contact Abid Kabani or visit wellsfargo.ca/equipmentloans. Abid Kabani Territory Manager ­€-ƒ„ -††„† [email protected]

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