DOCSLIB.ORG

The Orphan Among Us: an Examination of Orphans in Newbery Award Winning Literature

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Orphan Among Us: an Examination of Orphans in Newbery Award Winning Literature THE ORPHAN AMONG US: AN EXAMINATION OF ORPHANS IN NEWBERY AWARD WINNING LITERATURE by April A. Mattix B.A., Saint Francis University, 1997 M.I.A., University of Pittsburgh, 1999 M.A.T, Chatham University, 2003 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The School of Education in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2012 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF EDUCATION This dissertation was presented by April A. Mattix It was defended on June 5, 2012 and approved by Kimberley Gomez, Associate Professor, Urban Education Christina Groark, Associate Professor, Education Marah Gubar, Associate Professor, English John Myers, Associate Professor, Instruction and Learning Dissertation Advisor: Patricia A. Crawford, Associate Professor, Instruction and Learning ii Copyright © by April A. Mattix 2012 iii THE ORPHAN AMONG US: AN EXAMINATION OF ORPHANS IN NEWBERY AWARD WINNING LITERATURE April Mattix, Ph.D. University of Pittsburgh, 2012 ABSTRACT Orphan stories in children’s literature are rich and complex, and they have historically permeated the pages of children’s books. The purpose of this study was to explore the use of orphans as protagonists in children’s award-winning literature through content analysis. This study utilizes all the Newbery Award winning books (1922 – 2011) as well as the Newbery Honor books of the last decade (2002 – 2011) to provide a wide and deep swath of novels in order to present both historical perspective and attention to current trends. Specifically, this study explores how orphans are portrayed in Newbery texts, considers the messages these books convey about orphans, and compares the literary orphans against their real life counterparts. This investigation also seeks to determine the efficacy of previously established paradigms of orphan stories when compared to Newbery award-winning texts. The data in this study demonstrate that the orphan narrative is a popular form of children’s literature in the Newbery collection. It is a common literary tool for Newbery authors, and it serves as a platform for writers to develop strong, determined, and resilient protagonists who overcome adversity. The study also suggests that while there are similarities between the portrayal of orphans in Newbery texts and real life iv orphans, there are some discrepancies, particularly in the literary orphan’s ability to overcome the obstacles he or she faces. Additionally, current paradigms of orphan narrative literature do not wholly capture this corpus of texts. Finally, recommendations for practical classroom applications of the Newbery orphan stories are introduced. v TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE................................................................................................................................. XVI 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 THE STUDY ................................................................................................................ 3 1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ........................................................................................ 4 1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF PROPOSED STUDY.............................................................. 4 1.4 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................ 7 2.0 DEFINING THE RESEARCH TERRAIN ....................................................................... 8 2.1 THEORETICAL FOUNDATION............................................................................. 8 2.1.1 Cultural Studies.............................................................................................. 10 2.1.2 Narrative Theory............................................................................................ 11 2.1.3 Reader Response ............................................................................................ 12 2.1.4 Developing Perspectives on Childhood ........................................................ 13 2.2 DEFINING THE ORPHAN ..................................................................................... 14 2.3 DEFINING THE ORPHAN NARRATIVE ............................................................ 16 2.4 THE APPEAL OF THE ORPHAN NARRATIVE ................................................ 17 2.5 PARADIGMS OF ORPHAN LITERATURE ........................................................ 18 2.5.1 Essential Elements of the Orphan Story...................................................... 19 2.5.2 Historical Shifts in Orphan Representation ................................................ 19 vi 2.6 ORPHAN LIFE ......................................................................................................... 22 3.0 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 27 3.1 THE DATA ................................................................................................................ 27 3.2 PROCEDURES.......................................................................................................... 29 3.2.1 Research Question 1: How prevalent are orphan stories within children’s award winning literature?......................................................................................... 29 3.2.2 Research Question 2: How do award-winning children’s books depict orphans?...................................................................................................................... 30 3.2.3 Research Question 3: Do orphan stories reflect or distort the realities of orphan life?................................................................................................................. 32 3.2.4 Research Question 4: Do award winning orphan story narratives adhere to previously established paradigms of orphan literature? ................................... 33 3.2.5 Procedure Summary...................................................................................... 35 4.0 DATA ANALYSIS PART 1.............................................................................................. 38 4.1 PREVALENECE OF ORPHANS IN AWARD WINNING CHILDREN’S LITERATURE.................................................................................................................... 39 4.2 HISTORICAL NEWBERY SUMMARIES............................................................ 43 4.2.1 Phase 1 Newbery Orphan Narratives........................................................... 44 4.2.1.1 The Dark Frigate (1924)..................................................................... 44 4.2.1.2 Gay Neck, The Story of a Pigeon (1928)........................................... 47 4.2.1.3 Roller Skates (1937)............................................................................ 49 4.2.2 Phase 2 Newbery Orphan Narratives........................................................... 50 4.2.2.1 Call it Courage (1941) ........................................................................ 50 vii 4.2.2.2 Johnny Tremain (1944) ...................................................................... 53 4.2.2.3 King of the Wind (1949)..................................................................... 55 4.2.2.4 Door in the Wall (1950) ...................................................................... 57 4.2.2.5 Amos Fortune, Free Man (1951) ....................................................... 60 4.2.2.6 Secret of the Andes (1953).................................................................. 62 4.2.2.7 Carry On, Mr. Bowditch (1956) ........................................................ 64 4.2.2.8 Rifles for Watie (1958) ....................................................................... 66 4.2.2.9 The Witch of Blackbird Pond (1959) ................................................ 69 4.2.3 Phase 3 Newbery Orphan Narratives........................................................... 71 4.2.3.1 Island of the Blue Dolphins (1961) .................................................... 71 4.2.3.2 The Bronze Bow (1962) ...................................................................... 74 4.2.3.3 I, Juan de Pareja (1966) ..................................................................... 77 4.2.3.4 Up A Road Slowly (1967) ................................................................... 79 4.2.3.5 From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler (1968)...... 81 4.2.3.6 The High King (1969) ......................................................................... 83 4.2.3.7 Summer of the Swan (1971)............................................................... 84 4.2.3.8 Julie of the Wolves (1973) .................................................................. 86 4.2.3.9 The Slave Dancer (1974) .................................................................... 91 4.2.3.10 The Grey King (1976)....................................................................... 93 4.2.4 Post Mills Historical Newbery Orphan Narratives..................................... 95 4.2.4.1 Dicey’s Song (1983)............................................................................. 95 4.2.4.2 The Whipping Boy (1987) .................................................................. 97 4.2.4.3 Maniac Magee (1991) ....................................................................... 100 viii 4.2.4.4 Missing May (1993) .......................................................................... 103 4.2.4.5 Walk Two Moons
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Battles of Germantown: Public History and Preservation in America’S Most Historic Neighborhood During the Twentieth Century
    The Battles of Germantown: Public History and Preservation in America’s Most Historic Neighborhood During the Twentieth Century Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By David W. Young Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2009 Dissertation Committee: Steven Conn, Advisor Saul Cornell David Steigerwald Copyright by David W. Young 2009 Abstract This dissertation examines how public history and historic preservation have changed during the twentieth century by examining the Germantown neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1683, Germantown is one of America’s most historic neighborhoods, with resonant landmarks related to the nation’s political, military, industrial, and cultural history. Efforts to preserve the historic sites of the neighborhood have resulted in the presence of fourteen historic sites and house museums, including sites owned by the National Park Service, the National Trust for Historic Preservation, and the City of Philadelphia. Germantown is also a neighborhood where many of the ills that came to beset many American cities in the twentieth century are easy to spot. The 2000 census showed that one quarter of its citizens live at or below the poverty line. Germantown High School recently made national headlines when students there attacked a popular teacher, causing severe injuries. Many businesses and landmark buildings now stand shuttered in community that no longer can draw on the manufacturing or retail economy it once did. Germantown’s twentieth century has seen remarkably creative approaches to contemporary problems using historic preservation at their core.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Sentimental Poetry of the American Civil War Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4m34b5p3 Author Trapp, Marjorie Jane Publication Date 2010 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Sentimental Poetry of the American Civil War by Marjorie Jane Trapp A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy in English in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Mitchell Breitweiser, Chair Professor Dorri Beam Professor David Henkin Fall 2010 Abstract Sentimental Poetry of the American Civil War by Marjorie Jane Trapp Doctorate of Philosophy in English University of California, Berkeley Professor Mitchell Breitweiser, Chair In her book The Imagined Civil War, Alice Fahs makes a compelling case that Daniel Aaron's seminal claim about the Civil War --- that it was unwritten in every meaningful sense --- misses the point, and, in so doing, looks in the wrong places. Fahs, along with Kathleen Diffley, claims that the American Civil War was very much written, even overwritten, if you look in the many long-overlooked popular periodicals of the war years. I will take Fahs's and Diffley's claims and push them farther, claiming that the Civil War was imaginatively inscribed as a written war in many of its popular poems and songs. This imagined war, or the war as imagined through its popular verse, is a war that is inscribed and circumscribed within images of bounded text and fiction making, and therefore also within issues of authorship, authority, sure knowledge, and the bonds of sentiment.
    [Show full text]
  • Historic Indian Groups of the Choke Canyon Reservoir and Surrounding Area, Southern Texas
    Volume 1981 Article 24 1981 Historic Indian Groups of the Choke Canyon Reservoir and Surrounding Area, Southern Texas T. N. Campbell Center for Archaeological Research T. J. Campbell Center for Archaeological Research Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Campbell, T. N. and Campbell, T. J. (1981) "Historic Indian Groups of the Choke Canyon Reservoir and Surrounding Area, Southern Texas," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 1981, Article 24. https://doi.org/10.21112/ita.1981.1.24 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol1981/iss1/24 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Historic Indian Groups of the Choke Canyon Reservoir and Surrounding Area, Southern Texas Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol1981/iss1/24 HISTORIC INDIAN GROUPS OF THE CHOKE CANYON RESERVOIR AND SURROUNDING AREA, SOUTHERN TEXAS T.
    [Show full text]
  • Lloyd Alexander's the Book of Three
    Lloyd Alexander’s The Book of Three: A Discussion Guide By David Bruce SMASHWORDS EDITION Copyright 2008 by Bruce D. Bruce Thank you for downloading this free ebook. You are welcome to share it with your friends. This book may be reproduced, copied and distributed for non-commercial purposes, provided the book remains in its complete original form. If you enjoyed this book, please return to Smashwords.com to discover other works by this author. Thank you for your support. Dedicated with Love to Caleb Bruce ••• Preface The purpose of this book is educational. I enjoy reading Lloyd Alexander’s The Book of Three, and I believe that it is an excellent book for children (and for adults such as myself) to read. This book contains many questions about Lloyd Alexander’s The Book of Three and their answers. I hope that teachers of children will find it useful as a guide for discussions. It can also be used for short writing assignments. Students can answer selected questions from this little guide orally or in one or more paragraphs. I hope to encourage teachers to teach Lloyd Alexander’s The Book of Three, and I hope to lessen the time needed for teachers to prepare to teach this book. This book uses many short quotations from Lloyd Alexander’s The Book of Three. This use is consistent with fair use: § 107. Limitations on exclusive rights: Fair use Release date: 2004-04-30 Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparative Investigation of Survivor Guilt Among Vietnam Veteran Medical Personnel
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1991 A Comparative Investigation of Survivor Guilt Among Vietnam Veteran Medical Personnel Maurice E. Kaufman Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Kaufman, Maurice E., "A Comparative Investigation of Survivor Guilt Among Vietnam Veteran Medical Personnel" (1991). Dissertations. 3177. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/3177 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1991 Maurice E. Kaufman I\ L-U.M.Pl\RAliVE lNVESTlGATIUN OF SURVlVUH GUILT AM.UNG VIETNAM VEfEHAN MEDICAL PERSONNEL by .Maur·lce E. Kautrw:ln A Vls1:;er· tn ti on 0u bmi t ted to the faculty of the Gt adua te ;ic hcml nf Edu cat; ton o.t Loyola lJni ver-s l Ly of Lhi cago J.n Par·tlal Fulf:lil1oe11t ot the RequirP.ruents •• tor toe IJPp;n:>e oJ IJoctrw o1 Educa.ticm May l 9'J l ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Manuel Silverman tor giving me the opportunity and independence to pursue various ideas, and for valuable discussions throughout my graduate studies. I am obliged to recognize Dr. Ronald Morgan and Dr. Terry Williams for their useful discussions along with their contributions to this project, without which it would not have been completed.
    [Show full text]
  • 1994 Newsletters
    - - - ---- - - - - &-4. U;II C-nRfi-4:nm ~~GJ~LILnw rr ~PIIUP WIPC~LIIIY 100 East Mermaid Lane, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19118 Meeting for worship'- 10:3OAM First-day School - 10:45 AM I January 1994 I'homas Conrad. Clerk Peg Myers, Overseers Paul Lrtskow, Asst. Clerk Stanley Myers, Treasurer Shirley Philips, Overseers ~MarthajaneRobinson, Newsletter Committee Meetings Overseers - Karen Cromley Worship & Ministry - bIary I.ou Hurwitz Peacr SL Social Con~enls- Stapeley K~ll Calendar Notes Sote #I - Urge deep culs in rnjiilary spending and Note #4 - Our Januai-y forum is designed lo serve mnre funds for human needs. two goals: fist, to explore the relation between the traditional Quaker nlulislry lo those experiencing. Xote #2 - PYbf h'finistrq. and Worship Committee or facing prison, and the powefil feelings of will be holding their. business meeting following a helplessness and anger that many feel about per- bag lunch after meeting for worship, Interested sonal safety; and, second, to continue to remind hiends are welcome. ourselves of the resources within our meeting corkunity. Long-time attender Paul George, who Note #3 - A session (9:30 - 3:30) lu complete the has been a public defender for a number of years, review of re-clratted sections of Faith and Practice. will talk about the ways in which his work can be The meeting hi~sreceived tirafts prior to the Xo- experienced its an expression of Quaker spirituality, vember called sessions. Please call now to reserve and the ways in which it seems at times to fall childcare: 627-2667. DeacIhe for anangements is seriously short of that.
    [Show full text]
  • The War Romance of the Salvation Army
    W""\ A <*.. .J II . ,fllk,^^t(, \J\.1«J BY EVANGELINE BOOTH GRACE LIVINGSTON HILL CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BEQUEST OF STEWART HENRY BURNHAM 1943 Corneli University Library D 639.S15B72 3 1924 027 890 171 Cornell University Library The original of tliis bool< is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924027890171 THE WAR ROMANCE OF THE SALVATION ARMY BY EVANGELINE BOOTH AND GRACE LIVINGSTON HILL William Beamwbll Booth general of the salvation army THE WAR ROMANCE OF THE SALVATION ARMY BY EVANGELINE BOOTH COUfAVDEB-IH-CHIEF, THE BALTATI05 ABMT IS AMEBIO^ AND GRACE LIVINGSTON HILL AVTHOB OF "the EafCHANTKD BABM"; "THB BEST MAH"; **U> UICHAXL"; THB BED SICUiAL," ETC. PHILADELPHIA AND LONDON J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY COFTBIGHT, Ipip, BT J. B. LITPINCOTT COUPA19T BUT UP AND pBnrrcD in unitkd btatdb t Evangeline Booth COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE SALVATION ABMY IN AMEBICA FOREWORD In presenting the narrative of some of the doings of the Salvation Army during the Tvorld's great conflict for liberty, I aan but aaswering the insistent call of a most generous and appreciative public. When moved to activity by the apparent need, there was never a thought that our humble services would awaken the widespread admiration that has developed. In fact, we did not expect anything further than appreciative recog- nition from those immediately benefited, and the knowledge that our people have proved eo useful is an abundant compensation for all toil and sacrifice, for service is our watchword, and there is no reward equal to that of doing the most good to the most people in the most need.
    [Show full text]
  • Disney Heroine Round Table Or “But I Digress” by Peter David
    Disney Heroine Round Table or “But I Digress” By Peter David Characters: Snow White, Jasmine, Belle, Ariel, Eilonwy SNOW: Well, this is all tremendously exciting. Every decade or so, the nice folks at Disney sponsor a get-together with all the lead actresses of recent animated features. This gives us a chance to chat, exchange tips on how to clean house JASMINE: This is soooo boring... SNOW: ... and, over all, just get to know each other as girls. BELLE: Women. SNOW: Since I was the first full-length Disney heroine, they generally ask me to moderate. And I'd like to welcome this year's guests - Princess Jasmine from Aladdin ... JASMINE: Is this going to take long? SNOW: Belle from Beauty and the Beast - and congratulations again on that Best Picture nomination. BELLE: Thank you. We were robbed. Losing to a cannibal - now, what does that say about society and its priorities? In the words of Shakespeare ... SNOW: And, of course, Ariel from The Little Mermaid. ARIEL: It's exciting to meet you, Snow. SNOW: Thank you. Uhm, you're dripping on my clean floor. ARIEL: Oh. Sorry. SNOW: We were also going to be joined by Olivia Flaversham, the plucky little heroine from The Great Mouse Detective. But we had a bit of a mishap, because someone on the panel couldn't control her rather large kitty cat. 1 of 7 JASMINE: Look, I already said I was sorry. I'm no happier about it than anybody else. If the stupid invitation had said there were going to be mice running around, I wouldn't have brought Rajah along in the first place.
    [Show full text]
  • Sacrificing Agency for Romance in the Chronicles of Prydain
    Volume 33 Number 2 Article 8 4-15-2015 Isn't it Romantic? Sacrificing Agency for Romance in The Chronicles of Prydain Rodney M.D. Fierce Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation Fierce, Rodney M.D. (2015) "Isn't it Romantic? Sacrificing Agency for Romance in The Chronicles of Prydain," Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature: Vol. 33 : No. 2 , Article 8. Available at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore/vol33/iss2/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Mythopoeic Society at SWOSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature by an authorized editor of SWOSU Digital Commons. An ADA compliant document is available upon request. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To join the Mythopoeic Society go to: http://www.mythsoc.org/join.htm Mythcon 51: A VIRTUAL “HALFLING” MYTHCON July 31 - August 1, 2021 (Saturday and Sunday) http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-51.htm Mythcon 52: The Mythic, the Fantastic, and the Alien Albuquerque, New Mexico; July 29 - August 1, 2022 http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-52.htm Abstract Addresses the vexed question of Princess Eilonwy’s gesture of giving up magic and immortality to be the wife of Taran and queen of Prydain. Was it a forced choice and a sacrifice of the capable and strong- willed girl’s agency and power, or does it proceed logically from her depiction throughout the series? Additional Keywords The Chronicles of Prydain This article is available in Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R.
    [Show full text]
  • Wind Biologicalopinion.Pdf
    Enclosure—Discussion of Individual Species WHOOPING CRANE STATUS OF THE SPECIES Description The Whooping Crane is in the Family Gruidae, Order Gruiformes (Krajewski 1989, Meine and Archibald 1996). The common name "whooping crane" probably originated from the loud, single- note vocalization given repeatedly by the birds when they are alarmed. As the tallest North American bird, males approach 1.5 m (5 ft) when standing erect, and exceed the greater sandhill crane in height by 12 to 20 cm (5 to 8 in). Males are generally larger than females. Adult plumage is snowy white except for black primaries, black or grayish alulae, sparse black bristly feathers on the carmine crown and malar region, and a dark gray-black wedge-shaped patch on the nape. The juvenile plumage is a reddish cinnamon color. Juveniles achieve typically adult plumage late in their second summer. Distribution and Abundance Whooping cranes occur only in North America within Canada and the United States. Approximately 96% of the wild nesting sites occur in Canada and the balance in Florida. Fifty- eight percent of the December, 2003 wild population (185 of 317 individuals) had summered in Canada, with 87 in Florida and 36 in the Wisconsin – Florida population. Seventeen percent of the captive individuals (19) remain in Canada and the balance (95 cranes) is in the United States. The Aransas-Wood Buffalo National Park Population contained 194 individuals in December, 2003 and is the only self-sustaining wild population. This population nests in the Northwest Territories and adjacent areas of Alberta, Canada, primarily within the boundary of Wood Buffalo National Park (Johns 1998b).
    [Show full text]
  • Adventuring with Books: a Booklist for Pre-K-Grade 6. the NCTE Booklist
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 311 453 CS 212 097 AUTHOR Jett-Simpson, Mary, Ed. TITLE Adventuring with Books: A Booklist for Pre-K-Grade 6. Ninth Edition. The NCTE Booklist Series. INSTITUTION National Council of Teachers of English, Urbana, Ill. REPORT NO ISBN-0-8141-0078-3 PUB DATE 89 NOTE 570p.; Prepared by the Committee on the Elementary School Booklist of the National Council of Teachers of English. For earlier edition, see ED 264 588. AVAILABLE FROMNational Council of Teachers of English, 1111 Kenyon Rd., Urbana, IL 61801 (Stock No. 00783-3020; $12.95 member, $16.50 nonmember). PUB TYPE Books (010) -- Reference Materials - Bibliographies (131) EDRS PRICE MF02/PC23 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Annotated Bibliographies; Art; Athletics; Biographies; *Books; *Childress Literature; Elementary Education; Fantasy; Fiction; Nonfiction; Poetry; Preschool Education; *Reading Materials; Recreational Reading; Sciences; Social Studies IDENTIFIERS Historical Fiction; *Trade Books ABSTRACT Intended to provide teachers with a list of recently published books recommended for children, this annotated booklist cites titles of children's trade books selected for their literary and artistic quality. The annotations in the booklist include a critical statement about each book as well as a brief description of the content, and--where appropriate--information about quality and composition of illustrations. Some 1,800 titles are included in this publication; they were selected from approximately 8,000 children's books published in the United States between 1985 and 1989 and are divided into the following categories: (1) books for babies and toddlers, (2) basic concept books, (3) wordless picture books, (4) language and reading, (5) poetry. (6) classics, (7) traditional literature, (8) fantasy,(9) science fiction, (10) contemporary realistic fiction, (11) historical fiction, (12) biography, (13) social studies, (14) science and mathematics, (15) fine arts, (16) crafts and hobbies, (17) sports and games, and (18) holidays.
    [Show full text]
  • Distributor Settlement Agreement
    DISTRIBUTOR SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT Table of Contents Page I. Definitions............................................................................................................................1 II. Participation by States and Condition to Preliminary Agreement .....................................13 III. Injunctive Relief .................................................................................................................13 IV. Settlement Payments ..........................................................................................................13 V. Allocation and Use of Settlement Payments ......................................................................28 VI. Enforcement .......................................................................................................................34 VII. Participation by Subdivisions ............................................................................................40 VIII. Condition to Effectiveness of Agreement and Filing of Consent Judgment .....................42 IX. Additional Restitution ........................................................................................................44 X. Plaintiffs’ Attorneys’ Fees and Costs ................................................................................44 XI. Release ...............................................................................................................................44 XII. Later Litigating Subdivisions .............................................................................................49
    [Show full text]