Program Overview FAA Executives

Operational Overview

EHAO Symposium

02 April 2019

Rob Eagles- Head of Aviation

Loon is a trademarkLoon is aof trademark X Development of Loon LLC. LLC. Copyright © 2018Copyright X Development © 2018 Loon LLC. LLC. All rightsrights resreserved. erved. Partner with local telcos to extend their network coverage in remote areas

Floating cell towers in the sky

Mesh Network of balloons eBand Links

LTE signal

Gigabit Ground Station

Standard LTE Devices

Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC. Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights reserved. UTM Wind, weather, NOTAM INMARS AT & Airspace data {api} Loon fleet management & separation (automated) ATC / ANS P (24x7) Loon operation (worldwide) center(s) (24x7) IRIDIUM Military (worldwide) Decentralized cloud bas ed Automation Other operators Navigate using wind through frequent altitude change managed Operations’ Control by algorithms

FL600

Vertical Sep. ATC clearance Vertical (FL500 typical) Sep.

Descent under parachute

ADS -B Out Mode A/C

Dedicated landing zones Loon Internet base acros s the world 3rd party ADS-B feed stations (FlightRadar 24)

LAUNCH Operations at altitude Land & Recover ANSP provided separation Operations above traffic | Industry managed separation from other high altitude users ANSP provided Loonseparation is a trademark of Loon LLC. Copyright © 2018 Loon LLC. All rights res erved. Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC. Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights reserved. Loon Balloon Overview Termination

9.1 m 9.1 Envelope Ballonet 12.5 m 12.5

Safety features:

Altitude Control ● Certified Transponder (ADS -B) ● Redundant sensors: barometric altitude , GPS. ● Redundant communication Down Connection (Iridium & Inmarsat)

3.4 m 3.4 ● Omnidirectional flashers ● Radar Reflective Materials Payload ● Quasi-real time tracking ● Redundant flight termination ● 24*7 Mission Control 16.2 m Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC. Google ConfidentialCopyright © 2018 and X Development Proprietary LLC. All rights reserved. Fleet Operation Global scale

￮ >1,600 flights ￮ >2000 health checks and telemetry points every minute ￮ >984,000 hours flown ￮ 125 day routine target, with 198 as ongoing high record

● Trained & experienced supervisors monitoring health and position 24*7 ● Oncall technical experts 24 *7 ● Constant communication with ATC ● Call recording and balloon control logging - Ability to provide custom ized historical reports on dem and.

Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC. Internal Fleet visualisation Interface Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights reserved. DRAFT- Strictly Commercial In shows quasi real time data and predictions for each balloonConfidence Launches from Puerto Rico or Nevada

DRAFT- Strictly Commercial In Loon Proprietary & Confidential Confidence 30 -40k feet Above traffic and ATC

0 day

No traffic >50k feet

10 days

24 days

ATC Clearance

● ICAO Annex 19 ● Risk management board meets regularly to track and mitigate risks across the full balloon life -cycle: ○ Design and Build ( System safety) ○ Test (Flight test safety) ○ Production (Operations safety) ● Defined and monitored Safety Performance Indicators with pre-determined targets and thresholds that trigger enhanced risk controls if needed ● ICAO / industry work - safety analysis for new entrants

• Overflight permissions

○ National security and defence

○ Inter-regional co-ordination

• International standards

• Weather and environmental conditions

• Perception - treated like traditional aviation Loon CONOPs and operating model

• Manage the separation of our own vehicles at high altitude

• Developed and manage our own operating infrastructure (Google)

○ Secure, agile and capable

• Required new thinking and evolution at pace

○ Continuous evolution of the vehicle

○ Significant investment

• We are looking ahead and looking at things differently

○ Loon - res pons ible aviation actor Vision – high altitude airspace

• Must be able to safely manage rapid evolution of new entrants

• Operators manage their own vehicles (operations) and self co -ordinate

○ Harmonized standards and technology

• Opportunity to do something very different

○ Not an extension of traditional ATC / airspace / thinking

• Infrastructure

○ Only invest in infrastructure (and services) that are actually required Conclusion – high altitude operations

• Operations will expand quickly and will be global

○ Safety number 1 priority (wide range of operations and vehicles)

• Significant computing and machine learning power

○ Autonomous operations utilizing resilient, agile and trusted systems

• Operators making significant investment in new vehicles

○ Operating space that can keep pace and meet business needs

• Starting from a blank sheet (avoid bias)

○ Transferable CONOPs to ATM and manned aviation