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Mcia: Mongolia Country Handbook: Unclassified//Fouo

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Mcia: Mongolia Country Handbook: Unclassified//Fouo Mongolia Country Handbook 1. This handbook provides basic reference information on Mongolia, including its geography, history, government, military forces, and communications and transportation networks. This information is intended to familiarize military per- sonnel with local customs and area knowledge to assist them during their assignment to Mongolia. 2. This product is published under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Defense Intelligence Production Program (DoDIPP) with the Marine Corps Intel- ligence Activity designated as the community coordinator for the Country Hand- book Program. This product reflects the coordinated U.S. Defense Intelligence Community position on Mongolia. 3. Dissemination and use of this publication is restricted to official military and government personnel from the United States of America, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, NATO member countries, and other countries as required and designated for support of coalition operations. 4. The photos and text reproduced herein have been extracted solely for research, comment, and information reporting, and are intended for fair use by designated personnel in their official duties, including local reproduction for train- ing. Further dissemination of copyrighted material contained in this document, to include excerpts and graphics, is strictly prohibited under Title 17, U.S. Code. CONTENTS KEY FACTS. 1 U.S. MISSION . 2 U.S. Embassy. 2 Travel Advisories. 2 Entry Requirements . 2 Passport/Visa Requirements . 2 Immunization Requirements. 4 Custom Restrictions . 4 Criminal and Drug Penalties. 4 GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE . 5 Geography . 5 Land Statistics. 5 Boundries . 5 Bodies of Water . 5 Topography. 7 Cross-Country Movement. 9 Climate. 9 Environment . 12 TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION . 12 Transportation . 12 Roads . 12 Rail . 15 Air . 16 Maritime . 17 Communication . 17 iii Radio . 17 Television . 18 Telecommunication . 18 Internet . 18 Newspapers and Magazines . 18 Postal Services . 19 Satellites . 19 CULTURE . 19 Society . 19 Statistics. 20 Education and Literacy Rates . 21 Language. 21 Religion . 21 Recreation . 21 Customs and Courtesies. 22 Greetings. 22 Visiting . 23 Dining . 24 Dress . 24 Social Etiquette . 25 MEDICAL ASSESSMENT . 26 Infectious Disease Risks to Deployed Personnel. 26 Food- or Waterborne Diseases . 26 Vectorborne Diseases . 26 Sexually Transmitted and/or Bloodborne Diseases . 27 Soil Contact Diseases . 27 Water Contact Diseases . 27 Respiratory Diseases. 28 Animal-associated Diseases . 28 Medical Capabilities . 28 Key Medical Facility . 29 iv Contents (Continued) HISTORY . 30 Chronology of Key Events . 32 GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS . 33 Government . 33 National . 33 Legislative Branch . 33 Judicial Branch . 33 Key Government Officials. 34 Local . 34 Politics . 34 Political Parties . 34 Suffrage. 36 Foreign Relations . 36 Outlook . 39 ECONOMY . 39 Statistics. 39 Industry . 40 Agriculture. 40 Resources. 40 Utilities . 40 Outlook . 41 THREAT. 41 Crime . 41 Terrorism . 41 Corruption . 41 Regional and Internal Threat . 42 Threat to U.S. Personnel . 42 ARMED FORCES . 42 Organization . 42 Strategy and Doctrine . 43 v Personnel . 44 Key Personnel. 44 Conscripts . ..
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