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Colorado 1 Colorado Colorado 1 Colorado Estado de Colorado State of Colorado Estado de los Estados Unidos Bandera Escudo Otros nombres: El estado del Centenario (en inglés: The Centennial State) Lema: Nil sine numine (en latín: «Nada sin providencia») [1] [1] Coordenadas Coordenadas: 39°00′N 105°30′O Coordenadas: 39°00′N 105°30′O • Longitud 102°O a 109°O Capital Denver • Población 566.974 Entidad Estado • País Estados Unidos Gobernador John Hickenlooper (D) Senadores Mark Udall (D) Michael Bennet (D) Subdivisiones 64 condados Fundación 1 de agosto de 1876 Admisión 38º estado Superficie Puesto 8.º de 50 • Total 269,358 7 km² • Agua (0,4%) 974 km² Altitud • Media 2.073 msnm • Máxima 4.401 msnm • Mínima 1.010 msnm Población (2010) Puesto 22.º de 50 • Total 5,029,196 hab. • Densidad 19 hab/km² [2] Gentilicio Coloradino -a, Coloradeño -a Colorado 2 PIB (nominal) • Total (2005) USD 236.324 millones • PIB per cápita USD 48.611 IDH 0,785 (11.º de 50) – Muy alto Huso horario Montañas: UTC-7/-6 Código postal CO ISO 3166-2 US-CO [3] Sitio web oficial Colorado (pronunciado [kolo'ɾaðo] en español) es un estado al oeste de los Estados Unidos de América. Es conocido por tener los picos más altos de las Montañas Rocosas, que dominan la parte occidental del estado, ya que la oriental consiste en grandes llanuras. La capital del estado, así como la ciudad más grande, es Denver, cuya área metropolitana concentra más de la mitad de la población del estado (2,3 millones de habitantes, de un total de 4,3 mill.). El estado fue llamado así por el río Colorado, el nombre que los colonizadores españoles le dieron al río. El 1 de agosto de 1876 el presidente Ulysses S. Grant firmó una proclamación admitiendo a Colorado como el estado 38 de Estados Unidos, es el apodado " estado Centenario",[4] ya que fue admitido a la Unión en 1876 el año del centenario de la Declaración de Independencia de Estados Unidos. La Oficina Postal de los Estados Unidos utiliza CO como abreviatura de este estado. Varios buques llamados USS Colorado recibieron este nombre en honor a Colorado. Geografía de Colorado La geografía de Colorado es muy diversa y comprende tanto territorios montañosos muy accidentados como vastas llanuras. El estado de Colorado se define como un rectángulo geoesférico que La cumbre del monte Elbert, con 4.401 metros de altitud en el Condado de Lake (Lake County) es el punto más alto del estado y el punto más alto de todas las montañas Rocosas. Colorado tiene, aproximadamente, 550 cumbres que superan los 4.000 metros. Colorado es también el único estado que se encuentra en su totalidad por encima de los 1.000 metros de altitud. El punto de menor altitud tiene 1.010 metros, en el punto de la frontera oriental del Condado de Yuma donde el río Arikaree desagua Monte Elbert (4.401 m), el punto más elevado de Colorado. Estas cuencas, en particular el valle de San Luis, se encuentran a lo largo de la depresión del río Grande, una importante característica tectónica. Las montañas Rocosas, en Colorado, tienen 54 picos de más de 14.000 pies (4.270 m), conocidos como los catorcemiles («fourteeners»). Las montañas tienen bosques de coníferas y álamos, hasta una altura de aproximadamente 4.000 m en el sur de Colorado y de unos 3.200 m en el norte de Colorado. Por encima de está línea arbolada, sólo de da vegetación alpina. Las montañas Rocosas están cubiertas de nieve sólo en. Grand Junction es la ciudad más grande de la vertiente occidental y está conectada por la autopista Interestatal I-70. Al sureste de Grand Junction está Grand Mesa, un gran plano cubierto de montañas. Más al este, están las estaciones de esquí de Aspen, Vail, Crested Butte, y Steamboat Springs. La esquina noroeste de Colorado, que limita con el norte de Utah y el occidente de Wyoming, tiene muy baja densidad de población y se destina principalmente a pastizales. Colorado 3 De Oeste a Este, el estado consiste en cuencas desérticas, que se convirtien en mesetas y, a continuación, las montañas alpinas y, luego, las praderas de las Grandes Planicies. Monte Elbert es el pico más alto de las montañas Rocosas en los Estados Unidos continentales. El famoso pico Pikes está justo al oeste de Colorado Springs. Su pico en solitario se ve desde cerca de la frontera de Kansas en los días claros. Gobierno y Política Como la mayoría de los estados estadounidenses la Constitución de Colorado reconoce tres poderes separados: el legislativo, el ejecutivo y el judicial. El poder legislativo está representado por la Asamblea General que consta de dos Cámaras: la Cámara de los Representantes, con 65 miembros, y el Senado, con 35. El gobernador actual (2011) es John Hickenlooper (Partido Demócrata). Colorado nombra dos senadores para el Senado Federal. Sus actuales senadores son Mark Udall (Demócrata) y Michael Bennet (Demócrata). Cuenta con 7 distritos en la Cámara de Representantes estadounidense. Economía La economía del estado se desarrolló desde mediados del siglo XIX cuando se desarrolló la agricultura de regadío y, más tarde, a finales de ese siglo, la ganadería comenzó a tener mayor importancia. El primer desarrollo de la industria estaba basado en la extracción y procesado de minerales y de productos agrícolas. Actualmente estos productos son: ganado vacuno, trigo, lácteos, maíz y heno. El gobierno federal es una de las mayores fuerzas económicas del estado con varias importantes instalaciones como son: Producción de maíz en Colorado. • Colorado Springs: el NORAD y la Academia de la Fuerza Aérea de los Estados Unidos. • Boulder: NOAA y la Administración Nacional Oceánica y Atmosférica. • Lakewood: la Agencia de Control Geológico de los Estados Unidos y otras agencias federales del Centro Federal de Dénver. • Denver: la "Denver Mint" (Fábrica de Moneda de Denver), la "10th Circuit Court of Appeals" (Corte de Apelaciones del 10º Distrito). • Florence: la "Administrative Maximum Security Florence" (Prisión de Máxima Seguridad de Florence). Existen, por supuesto, otras agencias gubernamentales de los Estados Unidos que poseen tierras en el estado, especialmente Natural Forest ("Bosques Naturales") y cuatro Parques Nacionales. Hay además numerosas empresas privadas que operan en Colorado y tienen negocios con las agencias gubernamentales en el estado. En la segunda parte del siglo XX los sectores de la industria y servicios se expandieron de forma importante. La economía del estado se diversificó notablemente por la concentración de industrias de investigación y alta tecnología. Otras industrias de importancia en Colorado son el procesado de alimentos, el equipamiento de transporte, maquinaria, productos químicos, minerales como oro y molibdeno y el turismo. Denver es además un importante centro financiero de la nación. La Oficina de Análisis Económico [5] estima que la producción total del estado en 2003 fue de 87.000 millones de dólares y que la renta per cápita en el mismo año fue de 34.561 dólares, situando a Colorado en el 8º puesto de la nación. Colorado 4 Demografía Población Según el censo del año 2000, Colorado tiene una población de 4.301.261 habitantes. El estado de Colorado, por su parte, estima su población para el año 2004 en 4.601.403. Entre 1990 y 2004 la población ha crecido un 39.7%, un crecimiento solo superado en este periodo por Arizona y Nevada. Según el censo del año 2010, la población es 5.029.196. En 2004, 441.000 (9.7% de la población) personas nacidas en otro estado vivían en él, incluyendo unos 144.000 (3.1%) extranjeros ilegales. Estructura religiosa • Cristianos – 75% • Protestantes – 48% • Baptistas – 9% • Metodistas – 5% • Luteranos – 5% • Episcopalianos – 3% • Presbiterianos – 3% • Otros protestantes (Cuadrangulares, Asambleas de Dios) – 23% • Católicos Romanos – 24% • Mormones – 2% • Otros cristianos – 1% • Judíos – 2% • Otras religiones – 1% • No religiosos y agnósticos – 22% Comparado con los datos nacionales, Colorado -así como otros estados del oeste- tienen un alto porcentaje de no religiosos. Sin embargo, la ciudad de Colorado Springs es el centro de numerosos grupos cristianos, "Focus on the Family" es el más importantes de todos ellos. Ciudades más importantes Principales ciudades de Colorado Puesto Población Estado EE.UU. Ciudad 2000 2006 01 26 Denver 554 636 557 917 02 47 Colorado Springs 360 890 369 815 03 58 Aurora 276 393 297 235 04 172 Lakewood 144 396 140 671 Colorado 5 05 179 Fort Collins 118 652 128 062 06 240 Westminster 100 940 105 338 1 07 223 Thornton 98 243 105 182 08 239 Arvada 102 153 103 966 09 245 Pueblo 102 134 103 495 10 - Centennial1 102 767 97 988 11 - Boulder 94 673 91 685 [6] Los datos de población corresponden a los Censo oficiales de 2000 y 2005. [7] El rankings de Estados Unidos corresponde a 2007. Las ciudades más populosas aparecen en la Tabla a la derecha. Otras ciudades importantes son las siguientes: Commerce City Southglenn Silverthorne Longmont Fountain Ken Caryl Sherrelwood Castle Rock Sterling Louisville Littleton Castlewood Golden Cimarron Pueblo West Superior Hills Evergreen Welby Montrose Columbine Greeley Broomfield Woodland Park Federal Heights Black Forest Parker Grand Junction Durango Lafayette Greenwood Wheat Ridge Windsor Village Fort Carson Aspen (estación de Clifton Fort Morgan esquí) Thornton Englewood Leadville Brighton Avon Trinidad Highlands Ranch Northglenn Walsenburg Security-Widefield Loveland Alamosa Canon City Los 25 lugares más ricos de Colorado Condados de Colorado Ordenados por renta per cápita: Colorado 6 1 Cherry Hills Village $99,996 2 Genesee $79,180 3 Columbine Valley $71,758 4 Castle Pines $70,456 5 Greenwood Village
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