Hippology Questions 2011

1. Is it better to feed hay in a manger or on the ground? a. In a manger to help prevent sand colic i. Source: The 4-H Project, pg. 37

2. What kind of attitude should you have in a showmanship class? a. That you are proud of yourself & your horse i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 111

3. Tell me one (1) face marking. a. Star, Stripe, Blaze, Snip & Bald i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 16

4. Name one (1) pony breed. a. Pony of America (POA), Shetland, Welsh, Hackney, accept others such Quarter Pony, Oxmoor, Conomara, Caspian, etc. i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 20

5. Is the horse’s sense of sight better than it’s sense of hearing? a. No, horses have better hearing i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 19

6. Should you only wear a helmet when jumping a horse? a. No, a helmet is required when mounted on a horse. However, it is good to wear one even when you are grooming or handling your horse i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 51

7. What is a barn sour horse? a. A horse that doesn’t want to leave the barn or his friends and/or rushes home while away from the barn i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 51

8. Is a curb is used in Western or English riding? a. Western (Accept English if they can explain that the Pelham, Kimberwicke and Weymouth bit all have curb action) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 97

9. Should a healthy horse have belly noises? a. Yes, gurgles, squeaks and rumbles are a good sign of a healthy digestive system i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 26

10. Does a horse have a frog? a. Yes, on the bottom of it’s hoof i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 41 11. Your horse needs its teeth floated, what will the vet do about this problem? a. The vet will rasp (file) the rough edges off the horse’s teeth i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 44

12. Name three (3) external parasites. a. Horn fly, House fly, fly, Face fly, Deer fly, Horse fly, Bot fly, Mosquito, Lice, Mites, Ticks, Blow fly, Warbles (grubs) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 39

13. If you put a face mask (fly mask) on your horse, how often should it be checked? a. Daily, to check for any problems i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 39

14. Thrush is a disease of what part of the horse? a. The hoof i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 41

15. What is the best way to approach a horse? a. At an angle and come near it’s shoulder i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 48

16. What is a farrier? a. A person who trims and shoes horses’ feet i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 144

17. What is the near side of the horse? a. The left side of the horse i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 145

18. Do horses need salt to meet their nutritional needs? a. Yes, free access is best i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 62

19. What is tack? a. Equipment used on a horse such as , , etc. i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 86

20. Name five (5) different coat colors of the horse a. Bay, Black, Brown, Chestnut and White, variations of these five basic coat colors are: Gray, Palomino, Pinto (Tobiano & Overo), Roan (Red, Strawberry & Blue), Dun (Buckskin, Dun, Red Dun, Grulla i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 15

21. Name a disease that a horse can get. a. Equine Encephalomyelitis, West Nile Virus, Equine Infectious Anemia, Equine Influenza, Equine Rhinopneumonitis, Potomac Horse Fever, Strangles, Rabies, Tetnus, Equine Protozal Myeloencephalitis (EPM) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 31-33 22. In driving, the driver uses a , what aid does the whip take the place of? a. Legs i. Source: 4-H Driving Manual

23. What is a gelding? a. A male horse that been castrated (cannot produce babies or offspring) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 22

24. What is a male donkey, burro or ass called? a. A. Jack i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 14

25. What is a filly? a. A female horse under 3 years old i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 22

26. No matter where you keep your horse, what is the most important thing about where it is kept? a. Safety and healthy i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 52

27. In Western it is a jog, in English it is called what? a. Trot i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 145

28. A mule is a cross between a mare and a what? a. Male Donkey (Jack) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 14

29. Horses have two (2) blind spots, name at least one of them. a. Directly behind them and directly below their heads i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 19

30. What part of the horse is affected when they have laminitis? a. In the hoof i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 42

31. Describe a palomino coat color. a. Golden color with white, silver, flaxen or ivory mane and tail i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 15

32. Why do you deworm a horse? a. To kill internal parasites i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 37

33. What are incisors? a. Teeth in the front of the mouth i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 44 34. Name one type of . a. Buxton, D-ring, Eggbutt, Full cheek, Full cheek double jointed Dr. Bristol, Half cheek, Half cheek Dr. Bristol, Liverpool, Myler bit, etc. i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 97 & 101

35. What is the most important way to do cut down on external parasites? a. Clean up manure i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 39

36. Name five (5) items that should be in a first aid kit for horses. a. Veterinarian thermometer, Lubricant jelly, Antiseptic ointment, Antiseptic spray, Scissors, Sterile dressings, Roll of cotton, Bandages/Vet wrap, Sponges, Protective gloves, Iodine, Alcohol, Butazolidin tablets or paste, Epson salt, Eye wash or ointment, , Medicine boot, Stethoscope. Hydrogen peroxide, Syringes and needles, Tweezers, Watch with second hand - accept any other reasonable answer i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 27

37. Can an exhibitor (rider) ask a judge a question? a. Not until after show day or until a designated time approved or set by the judge i. Source: 4-H Horse Contest Guide

b. What is a broodmare? c. A mare used for reproductive purposes i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 144

38. In case of fire, should you enter a barn to save your horse? a. No, it put you in too much danger of serious injury or death i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 59

39. Does a horse have an esophagus? a. Yes, it is the tube that takes food from the mouth to the stomach i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 60

40. Name two (2) leg markings. a. Cornet, Pastern, Ankle, Half stocking, Stocking, Full stocking, White spot on heel, Distal spots (ermine marks) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 16

41. Does a horse have monocular vision, binocular vision or both? a. Both i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 19

42. A young horse who is still nursing is called what? a. Foal i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 22 43. Name three (3) signs of colic. a. Looking at abdomen, Nipping/kicking at belly, Rolling, Getting up & down frequently, Sweating, Quiet belly (little or no digestive sounds), Pawing/grunting, Increased pulse (over 60), Abdominal distention, Depression, Off-feed i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 29

44. Name a draft horse breed. a. Belgian, Clydesdale, Percheron, Shire, Suffolk (accept other recognized breeds) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 9

45. When grooming your horses coat, which tool should you use first? a. Curry comb i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 69

46. When you are driving a horse, should you have a passenger in the vehicle while you are not in it? a. No, it is dangerous i. Source: The 4-H Driving Manual

47. When riding on a trail (or on the road) should you ride alone? a. No, it is dangerous i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 51

48. What are hobbles? a. Straps used to tie a horse’s front feet together i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 142

49. When talking about coat colors, what are points? a. Coloring of the legs, mane & tail (accept ears) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 145

50. Can you use a stallion in a 4-H Contest? a. No, stallions older than 1 year of age can be shown in 4-H i. Source: The 4-H Horse Contest Guide, pg. 4

51. What is stocking up? a. Swelling or edema in the lower legs i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 28

52. When you your horse/pony, how should you hold the extra lead rope (shank)? a. In a figure 8 in the other hand i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 111

53. Would you ever feed vegetable oil to a horse? a. Yes, as a energy supplement and to add shine to the coat i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 65

54. What should you always check before mounting your horse? a. The or cinch i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 125 & 119 55. What are the teeth in the back of the mouth called? a. Molars i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 44

56. What do you call a cross between a horse mare and a donkey jack? a. Mule i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 14

57. Name a pony breed. a. Pony of America (POA), Shetland, Welsh, Hackney, accept others such Quarter Pony, Oxmoor, Conomara, Caspian, etc. i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 20

58. When you are talking about equipment and tack, what is a bat? a. A whip (accept ) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 94

59. Is corn high or low in fat? a. High i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 64

60. Name a disease that a horse can get. a. Equine Encephalomyelitis (Eastern EEE, Western WEE, & Venezuelan VEE) Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA), Equine Influenza, Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM), Equine Rinopneumonistis, Potomac Horse Fever, Rabies, Strangles, Tetanus, West Nile Virus i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 31-33

61. What is a blue roan? a. A coat color that is a mixture of black and white hair i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 15

62. A horse’s shelter should have a ceiling of at least how many feet high? a. Eight or nine feet at a minimum i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 52

63. When you groom a horse, what tool should you start with? a. Curry Comb (During shedding season, you could use a shedding blade) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 69

64. On which feed do you use ? a. Front feet i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 92

65. Name a draft horse breed. a. Belgian, Clydesdale, Percheron, Shire, Suffolk (accept any draft breed) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 9-10 66. A quarter of a circle is how many degrees? a. 90 degrees i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 124

67. Tell four (4) things to consider when designing a barn. a. Safety, Cost, Maintenance, Convenience, Ventilation, Manure management, Mud management, Lighting, Fire risk, Rodent control, Feed storage, Floors (dry & level) Also proper width and weight of walls, ceiling & doors, Easy access to water & electricity i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 52

68. What is another name of the flank cinch? a. Back cinch i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 95

69. In the Pinto coat color, what are the 2 recognized coat color patterns? a. Tobiano and Overo (accept Toveros) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 15

70. In what horse activity would you use a side check or over check? a. Driving i. Source: 4-H Driving Manual pg.

71. When a foal is born, do the front feet or back feet normally come first? a. Front feet i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 83

72. What is posting? a. Rising with the rhythm of the trot i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 128

73. What is an uncastrated male horse is called? a. Stallion i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 22

74. What is feathering? a. Long hair around the fetlocks, often found in draft horse breeds i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 144

75. What is the most important thing you can do to cut down on external parasites (especially flies)? a. Clean-up manure i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 39

76. How many beats does the walk gait have? a. Four i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 145 77. Name four (4) external parasites. a. Blow fly, Bot fly, Deer fly, Face fly, Horn fly, Horse fly, House fly, Lice, Mites, Mosquito, Stable fly, Ticks, Warbles (grubs) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 38-39

78. What is a cue? a. A signal from the rider to the horse to tell the horse what particular response is wanted i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 144

79. What is another name for the roller on some bits? a. Cricket i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 98

80. Which country did the Clydesdale originate from? a. Scotland (no source)

81. Should you loan your grooming tools to others? a. No, you may pick up a disease with shared equipment i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 69

82. Should you ever crawl under a horse? a. No, you may spook the horse and get seriously injured i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 69

83. When riding Seat, do you hold the with one hand or two? a. Two i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 130

84. What is the single greatest cost in keeping a horse? a. Feeding it i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 60

85. In cold weather, which should you increase, the amount of grain or hay you give your horse? a. Hay or roughage, because it generates more heat in the process of digestion i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 77

86. If you braid the horse’s mane, should you braid its tail? a. Yes, but it is not required i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 75

87. In a showmanship class, should you allow your horse to rest it’s foot? a. No, it is a sign that you horse is not alert and showing at it’s best advantage i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 115

88. What is a brood mare? a. A mare used for reproductive purposes i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 144 89. When talking about horses, what is meant by hot? a. Excessively energetic i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 144

90. Does a horse have a gall bladder? a. No, that’s why we do not feed them a high fat diet i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 61

91. What is another name for lockjaw? a. Tetanus i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 33

92. Which breed of horse is said to have “cow sense”? a. The American Quarter Horse i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 5

93. What is the normal temperature of the horse? a. 99-101 ̊ F i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 26

94. What kind of knot should you use when tying your horse with the lead rope? a. Quick release or slip knot i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 49

95. Name two (2) light horse breeds. a. American Saddlebred, Arabian, Morgan, American Quarter Horse, Paint, Tennessee Walking Horse, Thoroughbred, Standardbred, Appaloosa, Pinto, Palomino, Buckskin, Andalusian, Fjord, Friesian, Paso, Mountain Horse, Icelandics, Missouri Foxtrotter, Spotted Saddle Horses, (also accept other recognized breeds) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 4-13

96. Which is the near side of the horse? a. It’s left side i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 49

97. There are four (4) natural aids, what are they? a. Hands, Legs, Weight and Voice i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 118

98. Is it okay to drive with either one or two hands on the reins or both ways? a. Either way is fine i. Source: The 4-H Driving Manual

99. What is the front part of the seat of an called? a. Pommel i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 32 100. Name two (2) things that a saddle pad does. a. Protects the horse’s back, Absorbs sweat, Protects the saddle, Helps make up for a poorly fitted saddle i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project

101. On the front legs, are the chestnuts above or below the knees? a. Above i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 71

102. Is there a (cavesson) on a driving ? a. Yes i. Source: The 4-H Driving Manual, pg. 22

103. What is a Kimerwicke? a. A bit i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 102

104. Which class is judged on the rider’s good form over fences, Hunter over fences or Jumper class? a. Hunter over fences i. Source: The 4-H Jumping Manual, pg. 37

105. What is the official name of the pony breed POA? a. Pony of the Americas i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 7

106. When taking about driving draft horses, what is team? a. Two or more horse driven together i. Source: The 4-H Draft Horse Manual, pg. 15

107. Name four (4) fire safety guidelines that should be followed around the barn area. a. Do not allow smoking, Keep the barn clean, Mow or keep away any tall brush or grass (within 50 feet), Protect against lightning, Have fire extinguishers, Have a large water supply close by, Have smoke detectors and regularly check them, Cage all light fixtures, Do not lock stall doors, Have and ropes near each horse, Store hay and bedding in separate building, Have properly cured hay, Don’t use extension cords, Know where your master switch is and keep it clear, Do not use portable heaters, Keep all appliances in good working order, Use not combustible building supplies, (Accept other reasonable answers) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 59

108. On a , what is the name of the of the strap that goes behind the horse’s ears? a. Crown piece i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 87

109. A 1,000 pound horse produces about how many pounds of manure per day? a. Approximately 50 pounds i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 57

110. In a driving class, if a breakdown occurs, how long is allowed for repairs? a. Five minutes i. Source: The 4-H Driving Manual, pg. 3 111. If a horse’s tail is banged, what has been done? a. It has been cut straight across, to give a blunt tail tip (looking like bangs) rather than a tapered tip you see in a natural tail (no source)

112. Where in the United States are Mustangs usually found in the wild? a. The Western States, 10 Western States have wild Mustang herds managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 74

113. What does palatable mean? a. Pleasing to the taste (something that tastes good) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 145

114. What is the off side? a. The right side of the horse i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 145

115. What is a parasite? a. An organism that lives in or on the body of other animals (hosts) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 35

116. In a trail class, will a judge “mark down” your horse if it sniffs an obstacle? a. No, as long as it is under control and proceeds without undue delay i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 133

117. The frog is what shape? a. Triangular i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 41

118. For which type of riding do you use a ? a. Western or Stock Seat (Accept English as well if they can explain that the Pelham, Kimberwicke and Weymouth bit all have curb action) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 97 & 101

119. Which grains are used in C.O.B.? a. Corn, oats and barley i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 66

120. Describe the leg marking, stocking. a. The white extends from the hoof to the knee or hock (Do not accept including the knee or hock because that is a full stocking.) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 16

121. In Washington State 4-H, what is the maximum height of a jump, 2 ft., 3 ft. or 4 ft.? a. 3 feet i. Source: The 4-H Horse Contest Guide, pg. 16

122. Horses have 2 blind spots, name where they are. a. Directly behind them and directly below their head i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 19 123. Is the horse’s sense of hearing better than it’s sight? a. Yes i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 19

124. Name a stable vice. a. Cribbing, Stall walking, Weaving, Wind sucking, Wood chewing, etc. i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 21

125. Does a horse have a good memory? a. Yes i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 20

126. Are gloves required to be worn in driving classes? a. A. Yes i. Source: The 4-H Driving Manual, pg. 1

127. What is another name of a standing ? a. Tie Down i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 91

128. In a circle, how many degrees is a half turn? a. 180 degrees i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 112

129. What does wet C.O.B. have, that dry C.O.B. does not? a. Molasses i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 66

130. For which kind of riding would you use a or pelham bridle? a. Saddle Seat or Hunt Seat i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 101 & 104

131. Name three (3) internal parasites. a. Ascarids (round worms), Bots, Large Strongyles, Pin worms, Small Strongyles, Tape worms, Thread worms i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 35

132. Cavaletti work to helps the horse learn what? a. Rhythm, balance, agility, it lightens and relaxes the horse (when done correctly) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Jumping Manual, pg. 17

133. What is a twitch? a. A device (rope or chain) used to control a horse i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 28

134. Do most horses need to be blanketed in the winter? a. No i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 77 135. In English riding (Hunt Seat), what are the usually called? a. Irons i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 100

136. What is a Liverpool bit used for? a. Driving i. Source: The 4-H Driving Manual, pg. 24

137. How many hocks does a horse have? a. Two i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 17

138. Name 2 pony breeds. a. Pony of Americas, Shetland, Welsh, Hackney also accept Quarter Pony, Exmoor, Dartmouth, Caspian, Connemara, etc. i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 7

139. The thoroughbred horse was developed in which country? a. England i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 6

140. Name four (4) types of fencing used for horses. a. Wood, Post-rail, Wire mesh, High-tensile wire, Electric, Hi-tech, Chain link, Pipe, Vinyl, Barbed wire i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 58

141. Can you change your hand in a trail class? a. Yes i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 98

142. What kind of bit is recommended for training young horse or retraining older ones? a. Snaffle bits i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 89

143. Name what I am describing: a horse is flaring it’s nostrils or lifts it’s head, raise it’s upper lip, and compress it’s nostrils a. The flehman response i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 20

144. Name one (1) plant that grows in the Northwest that is poisonous to horses. a. Azalea, Black walnut, Braken fern, Buckeye, Buttercup, Coke cherry, Elderberry, Foxglove, Groundsel, Horse chestnut, Hounds tongue, Jimson weed, Johnson grass, Larkspur, Laurel, Locoweed, Lupine, Milkweed, Night shade, Oak, Ragwort, Red Maple, Rhododendron, Russian Knapweed, Sagebrush, Sudan grass, Water Hemlock, Wild black cherry, Yellow star thistle, Yew i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 55

145. Which is least likely to over-eat or founder, horses or mules? a. Mules i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 21 146. Describe a palomino color. a. Golden with white, silver, ivory or flaxen mane and tail i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 15

147. Name three (3) grooming tools. a. Body brush, Cloth, Curry comb, Dandy brush, Hoof pick, Mane/Tail comb, also accept Washing sponge, Sweat scraper, Shedding blade, etc. i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 69-70

148. Name a breed of draft horse. a. Belgian, Clydesdale, Percheron, Shire, Suffolk (Accept other recognized breeds) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 9-10

149. Can a horse vomit? a. No i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 60

150. Why would you add vegetable oil as a top dressing to a horse’s feed? a. As a fat supplement to increase energy intake without increasing carbohydrates. It also adds sheen to a horse’s coat and helps with colic i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 65

151. What is the main purpose of a nose band? a. To help keep the horse’s mouth closed, so it can’t evade the bit i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 103

152. When leading your horse, should your hand be on the chain? a. No i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 110

153. What are ? a. covers i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 90

154. What is a Tom Thumb? a. A type of Western bit, it is a shanked snaffle bit i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 97

155. What is the name of the jump that is triangular in shape? a. Coop i. Source: The 4-H Jumping Manual, pg. 25

156. What are two (2) of the most sensitive parts of on a horse’s body? a. Mouth, eyes, ears, nose (accept anywhere on the face , like muzzle), also accept lower legs, flanks, neck & shoulders i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 19 157. What was the original name of the famous horse Justin Morgan, the founding sire of the Morgan breed? a. Figure i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 4

158. In what horse activity would you use an apron? a. Driving (also accept shoeing or trimming hooves by farrier) i. Source: The 4-H Driving Manual, pg. 1

159. Name six (6) things that you should have in a First Aid Kit. a. Veterinarian thermometer, Lubricant jelly, Antiseptic ointment, Antiseptic spray, Scissors, Sterile dressings, Roll of cotton, Bandages/Vet wrap, Sponges, Protective gloves, Iodine, Alcohol, Butazolidin tablets or paste, Epson salt, Eye wash or ointment, Twitch, Medicine boot, Stethoscope. Hydrogen peroxide, Syringes and needles, Tweezers, Watch with second hand - accept any other reasonable answer i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 27

160. The Norwegian Fjord horse has an interesting feature of it’s mane, what is it? a. The center hair of the mane is dark (usually black) while the outer hair is white i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 12

161. In showmanship, is the horse’s conformation judged? a. No, it is judged on how well the handler/exhibitor presents the horse to the judge i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 110

162. What is the most important thing you can do to cut down on external parasites? a. Clean up manure i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 39

163. On the saddle, what is the back part of the seat called? a. Cantle i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 100

164. White line disease affects what part of the horse? a. Hoof (hoof wall) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 42

165. Do you need a certain breed of horse to drive? a. No, as long as it is mentally and physically capable i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 138

166. What is a horse doing if it is lactating? a. Producing milk i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 145

167. What is cribbing? a. A horse grabs a solid object with it’s teeth (incisors), arches it’s neck and suck in air, b. do not accept wood chewing i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 21

168. Name four (4) things that would be good to take on a trail ride. a. Sturdy halter and lead rope, Pocket knife, Hoof pick, Wire cutters, Canteen, First aid kit, Bad weather clothing, Litter bag, Easy boot, Emergency shoeing tools, Cell phone, Lariat, Pieces of leather or bailing twine, Food (energy bars), Flashlight, Hobbles. Accept anything that is reasonable. (no source)

169. What is the single most important thing you can do for hoof care? a. Cleaning the feet regularly i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 42

170. Name three (3) draft horse breeds. a. Belgian, Clydesdale, Percheron, Shire, Suffolk (accept other draft breeds not listed) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 9-10

171. What mineral should horse have free access to eat? a. Salt i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 62

172. In a trail class, can a judge ask you to mount and dismount on the offside (right side) of the horse? a. Yes i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 134

173. How many pounds of manure can a 1,000 lbs horse produce each day? a. 50 pounds i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 57

174. What is the sclera? a. The outer white membrane covering the eye i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 145

175. What is a horse’s “get”. a. It’s offspring i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 82

176. Where did the Percheron orginate? a. France i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 9

177. On the back legs, are the chestnuts above or below the hock? a. Below (no source)

178. Warmbloods refer to various breeds used for competitive equestrian sports such as 3-day eventing, dressage and show jumping. They were developed by crossing what two types of horse breeds? a. Draft breeds (cold blood) crossed with Thoroughbreds (hot blood) i. Source: The 4-H Horse Project, pg. 10