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The Acoustics of a Tenor Recorder
The Acoustics of a Tenor Recorder by D. D. McKinnon A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts & Sciences of the University of Colorado in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts Department of Physics 2009 This thesis entitled: The Acoustics of a Tenor Recorder written by D. D. McKinnon has been approved for the Department of Physics Prof. John Price Prof. John Cumalat Prof. Peter Kratzke Date iii McKinnon, D. D. (B.A., Physics) The Acoustics of a Tenor Recorder Thesis directed by Prof. John Price The study of acoustics is rooted in the origins of physics, yet the dynamics of flue-type instruments are still only qualitatively understood. Our group has developed a measurement system, the Acoustic VNA, which can precisely determine acoustic wave amplitudes of the lowest mode propagating in a cylindrical waveguide. I used the AVNA to study a musical oscillator, the tenor recorder. The recorder consists of two compo- nents, an air-jet amplifier driven by the player’s breath and a cylindrical waveguide resonator with an effective length that may by varied by covering or uncovering finger holes. Previous research on the recorder has focused on understanding the resonator frequencies in some detail, but has only provided a rough understanding of the air-jet. In particular, there is not yet a quantitative understanding of how the pitch varies with blowing pressure for a given fingering. I designed several experiments to provide a quantitative picture of how the air-jet behaves at different blowing pressures and discov- ered that higher blowing pressures lead to stronger amplification at higher frequencies. -
The Old Bailey and the Recorder of London: a Brief History
From our Patron, Simon Callow Last year I received the exceptional honour of the Freedom of the City of London. Since boyhood I have been haunted by the City, its history, its imagery, its traditions. One of the most vital of those traditions is the City's association with music. Since at least 1350, The Worshipful Company of Musicians has proudly celebrated the noble art. I vividly remember a City of London Festival when I was a youth, in which The Yeoman of the Guards was performed with full son et lumière effects at the Tower of London, and Sir William Walton was specially commissioned to write a splendid piece for the City – A Song for the Lord Mayor's Table. Since then the Barbican Concert Hall has opened, and the London Symphony Orchestra has become resident orchestra. Music is everywhere in the City, as it should be. So when last year's Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress, Roger and Clare Gifford, asked me become a Patron of their new charity, the City Music Foundation, I said yes straight away - not only because of the ancient association of the City with music, but because it looks so keenly to the future. Its raison d'être is to help young musicians at that critical difficult early point in their careers, right at the beginning, after their training, when they attempt to launch themselves into the world. The Foundation nurtures, encourages, and supports them at a vulnerable moment in their lives. I know very well what that feels like - young actors face exactly the same problems; sometimes really gifted, exceptional artists fall by the wayside. -
Bassoonbassoon 2018–2021 2018–2021 GRADE 1
BassoonBassoon 2018–2021 2018–2021 GRADE 1 THREE PIECES: one chosen by the candidate from each of the three Lists, A, B and C: COMPOSER PIECE / WORK / ARRANGER PUBLICATION (PUBLISHER) A 1 Aubert Gavotte, arr. Hilling & Bergmann First Book of Bassoon Solos (Faber) 2 Jacques Menuet du Tambourin, arr. Hilling & Bergmann First Book of Bassoon Solos (Faber) Hotteterre 3 Diabelli Serenade (from Op. 125), arr. Wastall P. 22 from Learn as You Play Bassoon (Boosey & Hawkes ) 4 Diabelli The Carousel, arr. Denwood 16 Progressive Pieces for Bassoon (Emerson) 5 Gurlitt See-Saw, arr. Denwood 16 Progressive Pieces for Bassoon (Emerson) 6 Pepusch Youth’s the Season Made for Joys, arr. Sparke Sounds Classical for Bassoon (Anglo Music) 7 Vogel Waltz, arr. Sparke Sounds Classical for Bassoon (Anglo Music) 8 Trad. The Mallow Fling, arr. Lawrance Easy Winners for Bassoon (Brass Wind +) 9 Trad. German Wooden Heart, arr. Lawrance Easy Winners for Bassoon (Brass Wind +) 10 Trad. Czech The Little Drummer Boy, arr. Denley Time Pieces for Bassoon, Vol. 1 (ABRSM ◊) B 1 Bruns & A Pirate’s Life for Me, arr. Lawrance Winner Scores All for Bassoon (Brass Wind ) Atencio 2 John Burness Slow Waltz or Allegro (No. 1 or No. 2 from Four John Burness: Four Easy Pieces (Paterson’s) Easy Pieces) 3 Roma Cafolla Hush-a-bye or Musical Box (from Playaround Roma Cafolla: Playaround for Bassoon, Book 2: Revised for Bassoon) Edition 2017 (Forton Music) 4 Colin Cowles Catchy Toon or Croonin’ ’oon (No. 3 or No. 6 Colin Cowles: 25 Fun Moments for Bassoon from 25 Fun Moments for Bassoon) (Studio Music) 5 Chris Hazell West Point upper note in bb. -
Çalgı Bilgsi Dersi 1. Dönem (Üflemeli)
A. Ü. Devlet Konservatuvarı Eğitim – Öğretim Programı Çalgı Bilgisi Dersi (seçmeli) ( I. Dönem - Üflemeli Çalgılar ) (çalgılar, senfoni orkestrasının partisyon sıralamasına göre verilmiştir) Dr. Öğr. Üyesi İvan ÇELAK (CELAC) TAHTA ÜFLEMELİ ÇALGILAR FLÜT AİLESİ Flüt, yaklaşık 7 bin yıldır var olan bir enstrümandır. Üflemeli çalgılar arasında en eskilerden biri olan flütü, Yunan Tanrıçası Athena'nın da çaldığı bilinmektedir; anavatanı Eski Yunan ve bazı Asya ülkeleri olarak bilinir. Bunlar arasında Latin Amerika ülkelerine de rastlamak mümkündür. Ancak flütün ortaya çıkışının ‘’anonim’’ olduğu söylenebilir. 1700’lü yıllara kadar ilk yapıldığı haliyle kullanılan flüt, daha sonra geliştirilerek günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Ünlü alman flütçü Theobald Boehm, Pentenrieder ve Greve gibi flütistler ilkel kullanımın yetersiz kalışıyla flütü bugünkü haline getiren bir takım tasarımlara geliştirmişlerdir. B. Pentenrieder (Munich, c.1840), basit sistem (7-delik) Boehm and Greve (Munich, c.1829), basit sistem (9-delik) 1832 yılında Boehm’in geliştirdiği ve günümüzdeki flüte en yakın tasarımı Senfoni orkestrası içinde ise, ‘’tahta üflemeliler’’ grubunda Obue ve Fagot ailesi ile birlikte yer alan Flüt ailesi şu enstrümanlardan oluşur: • Piccolo flüt • Sol flüt (alto) • Do flüt • • Piccolo Flüt: . İng.: Piccolo, Alm.:Kleine Flöte, It.: Flauto Piccolo (ottavino: bir oktav üstten). Orkestrada bir tane bulunur. Piccolo flütlerde kuyruk kısmı yoktur ve 30 cm uzunluğundadır Piccolo partisi genellikle flüt grubunun üst registerini genişletmek için kullanılır. Orkestra içinde ‘’tutti’’lerde bile sivrilebilir; orkestra tınısına parlaklık getirir. Çoğu zaman (sololar hariç) flütlerde birlikte kullanılır. Orkestrada daimi bir enstürmandır. Piccolo flüt, büyük flütün hemen hemen yarısı kadar uzunluktadır. Büyük flütteki kuyruk bölümü piccolo flütte yoktur. Bu nedenle de büyük flütün en kalın sesleri olan Do ve Do diyez sesleri küçük flütte bulunmaz. -
Instruments of the Orchestra
INSTRUMENTS OF THE ORCHESTRA String Family WHAT: Wooden, hollow-bodied instruments strung with metal strings across a bridge. WHERE: Find this family in the front of the orchestra and along the right side. HOW: Sound is produced by a vibrating string that is bowed with a bow made of horse tail hair. The air then resonates in the hollow body. Other playing techniques include pizzicato (plucking the strings), col legno (playing with the wooden part of the bow), and double-stopping (bowing two strings at once). WHY: Composers use these instruments for their singing quality and depth of sound. HOW MANY: There are four sizes of stringed instruments: violin, viola, cello and bass. A total of forty-four are used in full orchestras. The string family is the largest family in the orchestra, accounting for over half of the total number of musicians on stage. The string instruments all have carved, hollow, wooden bodies with four strings running from top to bottom. The instruments have basically the same shape but vary in size, from the smaller VIOLINS and VIOLAS, which are played by being held firmly under the chin and either bowed or plucked, to the larger CELLOS and BASSES, which stand on the floor, supported by a long rod called an end pin. The cello is always played in a seated position, while the bass is so large that a musician must stand or sit on a very high stool in order to play it. These stringed instruments developed from an older instrument called the viol, which had six strings. -
Radio 3 Listings for 28 December 2019 – 3 January 2020 Page 1 of 16
Radio 3 Listings for 28 December 2019 – 3 January 2020 Page 1 of 16 SATURDAY 28 DECEMBER 2019 (conductor) BBC National Orchestra of Wales Jac van Steen (conductor) SAT 01:00 Through the Night (m000cpsr) 05:01 AM BIS BIS2408 (Hybrid SACD) - Released 3rd January 2020 Regensburger Domspatzen at Tage Alter Musik Judith Weir (1954-) String quartet Ravel: Jeux de Miroirs Leopold Mozart shows himself to be a serious composer at the Silesian Quartet Javier Perianes (piano) height of his powers with his Symphony in G and Missa Orchestre de Paris Solemnis. They are performed at the Tage Alter Musik festival 05:13 AM Josep Pons (conductor) in Regensburg, Germany, by the Regensburger Domspatzen and Franz Schubert (1797-1828) Harmonia Mundi HMM902326 the Hofkapelle Munich. Catriona Young presents. 4 Impromptus for piano, D 899 (No 4 in A flat) http://www.harmoniamundi.com/#!/albums/2571 Arthur Schnabel (piano) 01:01 AM 9.30am Building a Library Leopold Mozart (1719-1787) 05:21 AM Symphony in G 'Neue Lambacher', for strings Johann Philipp Kirnberger (1721-1783) Laura Tunbridge discusses a wide range of approaches to Hofkapelle Munchen, Rudiger Lotter (conductor) Cantata, 'An den Flussen Babylons' Schumann's searing Heine cycle and recommends the key Johannes Happel (bass), Balthasar-Neumann-Chor, Balthasar- recording to keep for posterity. 01:18 AM Neumann-Ensemble, Detlef Bratschke (conductor) Leopold Mozart (1719-1787) 10.20am New Releases Missa Solemnis in C 05:33 AM Katja Stuber (soprano), Dorothee Rabsch (contralto), Robert Joaquín Turina (1882-1949) -
Preliminary Results Clarinet, Flute, Horn, Soprano Singer, Trumpet
Performing Arts Aerosol Study Round one preliminary results Clarinet, Flute, Horn, Soprano Singer, Trumpet Study Chairs James Weaver - NFHS Director of Mark Spede – CBDNA President, Performing Arts and Sports Director of Bands, Clemson University Lead Funders Contributing Organizations Supporting Organizations American School Band Directors Association (ASBDA) International Music Council American String Teachers Association (ASTA) International Society for Music Education Arts Education in Maryland Schools (AEMS) League of American Orchestras Association Européenne des Conservatoires/Académies de Louisiana Music Educators Association Musique et Musikhochschulen (AEC) (LMEA) Buffet et Crampon MidWest Clinic Bundesverband der deutschen Minority Band Directors National Association Musikinstrumentenhersteller e.V Music Industries Association Chicago Children's Choir Musical America Worldwide Children's Chorus of Washington National Dance Education Organization Chorus America (NDEO) Confederation of European Music Industries (CAFIM) National Flute Association (NFA) Drum Corps International (DCI) National Guild for Community Arts Education Educational Theatre Association (EdTA) National Music Council of the US European Choral Association - Europa Cantat Percussive Arts Society (PAS) HBCU National Band Directors' Consortium Save the Music Foundation High School Directors National Association (HSBDNA) WGI Sport of the Arts International Conductors Guild Lead Researchers Dr. Shelly Miller Dr. Jelena Srebric University of Colorado Boulder University -
Class Notes – October 24 Pipes with Holes; Recorders, Flutes
The Physics of Musical Instruments Class Notes – October 24 Pipes with holes; Recorders, flutes The Physics of Musical Instruments – Fall 2017 – October 24 – 1 Topics • More on acoustic impedance • The end correction for a flute or recorder • The effect of a side hole • The flute – a pipe open at both ends with side holes The Physics of Musical Instruments – Fall 2017 – October 24 – 2 More Complex Pipes • We are now beginning to consider more complex pipes and air resonators – Bottles, blown across the top (fun stuff) but more seriously… – Bells at the end (why?) – Pipes with finger holes – And, eventually, pipes with non-cylindrical bores • The concept of acoustic impedance is very helpful here, even without getting highly quantitative. The Physics of Musical Instruments – Fall 2017 – October 24 – 3 Energy Transfer • When the impedance changes along an acoustic pipe, there can be a reflection • If one of the impedances is exactly zero, ALL OF THE ENERGY IS REFLECTED. • We used this idea to analyze the open end of an ideal pipe The Physics of Musical Instruments – Fall 2017 – October 24 – 4 A Finite Discontinuity • Consider a discontinuity in pipe radius • Energy reflection in this case is 1/9 or 11% The Physics of Musical Instruments – Fall 2017 – October 24 – 5 Add a Transition Piece • With a transition segment added, the impedance discontinuity is reduced, and there is less reflection • Only 6% is reflected The Physics of Musical Instruments – Fall 2017 – October 24 – 6 A Tapered Transition • The impedance is lowered gradually left -
One Voice for Flute and Clarinet Sheet Music
One Voice For Flute And Clarinet Sheet Music Download one voice for flute and clarinet sheet music pdf now available in our library. We give you 4 pages partial preview of one voice for flute and clarinet sheet music that you can try for free. This music notes has been read 1706 times and last read at 2021-09-29 22:51:37. In order to continue read the entire sheet music of one voice for flute and clarinet you need to signup, download music sheet notes in pdf format also available for offline reading. Instrument: Voice, Flute Ensemble: Woodwind Duet Level: Intermediate [ READ SHEET MUSIC ] Other Sheet Music Les Elphants The Elephants For Voice Clarinet Flute And String Quartet Mp3 Les Elphants The Elephants For Voice Clarinet Flute And String Quartet Mp3 sheet music has been read 2201 times. Les elphants the elephants for voice clarinet flute and string quartet mp3 arrangement is for Intermediate level. The music notes has 1 preview and last read at 2021-09-28 14:22:11. [ Read More ] Eine Kleine Nachtmusik For Flute Clarinet Bass Clarinet And Piano Eine Kleine Nachtmusik For Flute Clarinet Bass Clarinet And Piano sheet music has been read 3048 times. Eine kleine nachtmusik for flute clarinet bass clarinet and piano arrangement is for Advanced level. The music notes has 6 preview and last read at 2021-09-28 18:20:44. [ Read More ] Georg Philipp Telemann 12 Fantasias For Flute Without Bass Twv 40 2 13 Arranged For Bb Clarinet By Paul Wehage Georg Philipp Telemann 12 Fantasias For Flute Without Bass Twv 40 2 13 Arranged For Bb Clarinet By Paul Wehage sheet music has been read 3741 times. -
The Development of the Flute As a Solo Instrument from the Medieval to the Baroque Era
Musical Offerings Volume 2 Number 1 Spring 2011 Article 2 5-1-2011 The Development of the Flute as a Solo Instrument from the Medieval to the Baroque Era Anna J. Reisenweaver Cedarville University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/musicalofferings Part of the Musicology Commons DigitalCommons@Cedarville provides a publication platform for fully open access journals, which means that all articles are available on the Internet to all users immediately upon publication. However, the opinions and sentiments expressed by the authors of articles published in our journals do not necessarily indicate the endorsement or reflect the views of DigitalCommons@Cedarville, the Centennial Library, or Cedarville University and its employees. The authors are solely responsible for the content of their work. Please address questions to [email protected]. Recommended Citation Reisenweaver, Anna J. (2011) "The Development of the Flute as a Solo Instrument from the Medieval to the Baroque Era," Musical Offerings: Vol. 2 : No. 1 , Article 2. DOI: 10.15385/jmo.2011.2.1.2 Available at: https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/musicalofferings/vol2/iss1/2 The Development of the Flute as a Solo Instrument from the Medieval to the Baroque Era Document Type Article Abstract As one of the oldest instruments known to mankind, the flute is present in some form in nearly every culture and ethnic group in the world. However, in Western music in particular, the flute has taken its place as an important part of musical culture, both as a solo and an ensemble instrument. The flute has also undergone its most significant technological developments in Western musical culture, moving from the bone keyless flutes of the Prehistoric era to the gold and silver instruments known to performers today. -
A2 GIOVANNI SAMMARTINI Early String Symphonies
A2 GIOVANNI SAMMARTINI Early String Symphonies (complete) • Danielle Ferrari, cond; Riccardo Villani (hpd); I Giovanni di Nuova Cameristica • NUOVA ERA 231996 (3 CDs: 175:01) At first I was a bit taken aback to read on the cover jacket of this lavishly produced set, “World Première Recording.” Could that possibly be? I would have thought that some enterprising period-instruments ensemble must have gotten around to recording the works of this very important Italian Baroque composer and crucial figure in the early development of the symphony. And indeed I was right, but only sort of. Roberto Gini and the Milan Chamber Orchestra have put out most of these works on the Dynamic label as part of a project to record Sammartini’s complete symphonic output. But Dynamic’s recordings are fairly recent, postdating the current Nuova Era set, originally recorded in 1994, by more than 10 years. So at the time they were made, in all likelihood Ferrari’s would have been world premiere recordings. Also, neither Gini’s MCO nor Ferrari’s I Giovanni di Nuova Cameristica is a period-instruments ensemble. So what we have in both cases are Italian chamber orchestras and performances similar to those one hears by groups such as I Musici, the English Chamber Orchestra, and the Academy of St. Martin in the Fields. Not that there is anything wrong in that, but it needs saying so as not to mislead anyone into thinking these are authentic HIP productions. One of the embarrassments of riches in having a very large CD collection is the tendency to forget what you already have. -
An Analysis of Twentieth-Century Flute Sonatas by Ikuma Dan, Hikaru
Flute Repertoire from Japan: An Analysis of Twentieth-Century Flute Sonatas by Ikuma Dan, Hikaru Hayashi, and Akira Tamba D.M.A. Document Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Musical Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Daniel Ryan Gallagher, M.M. Graduate Program in Music The Ohio State University 2019 D.M.A. Document Committee: Professor Katherine Borst Jones, Advisor Dr. Arved Ashby Dr. Caroline Hartig Professor Karen Pierson 1 Copyrighted by Daniel Ryan Gallagher 2019 2 Abstract Despite the significant number of compositions by influential Japanese composers, Japanese flute repertoire remains largely unknown outside of Japan. Apart from standard unaccompanied works by Tōru Takemitsu and Kazuo Fukushima, other Japanese flute compositions have yet to establish a permanent place in the standard flute repertoire. The purpose of this document is to broaden awareness of Japanese flute compositions through the discussion, analysis, and evaluation of substantial flute sonatas by three important Japanese composers: Ikuma Dan (1924-2001), Hikaru Hayashi (1931- 2012), and Akira Tamba (b. 1932). A brief history of traditional Japanese flute music, a summary of Western influences in Japan’s musical development, and an overview of major Japanese flute compositions are included to provide historical and musical context for the composers and works in this document. Discussions on each composer’s background, flute works, and compositional style inform the following flute sonata analyses, which reveal the unique musical language and characteristics that qualify each work for inclusion in the standard flute repertoire. These analyses intend to increase awareness and performance of other Japanese flute compositions specifically and lesser- known repertoire generally.