Dr Ahead the Air Force Navigators Observers Association Newsletter

DR AHEAD THE AIR FORCE NAVIGATORS OBSERVERS ASSOCIATION NEWSLETTER

VOL 36, NUMBER 4 LITTLE RIVER, CALIFORNIA OCTOBER 2020

A Boeing T-43A Bobcat USAF navigation training aircraft at Randolph AFB, at the graduation of the last Air Force CSO class there in 2009. Photograph by Mike Radowski.

PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE times. Fort Worth has a multitude of potential tours that by John D. Bridges, James Connally 63-19 should be available to us as conditions improve. I expect As you read this issue of the AFNOA's DR AHEAD our attendance will be significant and look forward to a newsletter, we are essentially midway between our last good reunion. reunion held in Branson, Missouri, and our next biennial Welcome to all the new members, and "thank you" reunion scheduled to take place in Fort Worth, Texas, in to all of you who have been recruiting new members. September 2021. Hopefully, in the near future, we will be Keep up the great work! able to elaborate on what local activities may be available Now is not too early to consider an officer position on to those planning to attend. Please watch for additional the AFNOA Board or a committee assignment. We will information in future editions of DR AHEAD. The pro- be needing to fill several vacancies, including that of Presi- cess of long term planning a reunion has been very diffi- dent. Feel free to e-mail me or Jim Faulkner, who is the cult in the environment of the Covid 19 Pandemic and the 1st Vice-President, with your interest, or if you have a changing restrictions placed on necessary services. nominee who might consider a position. Our e-mail ad- Fort Worth is a very vibrant city and one that is very dresses can be found on the last page of DR AHEAD friendly to military personnel. It is easy to get to from issues. most of the U.S. and just about anywhere else in normal *********

NOTAM: DEATHS and CHANGES OF PERSONAL INFORMATION Report address, cell or land line number, and e-mail changes to: AFNOA, 4109 Timberlane, Enid, OK 73703-2825; or to [email protected]; or call 580-242-0526 DR AHEAD PAGE 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS President's Message, by John D. Bridges ...... 1 Membership Application Form ...... 2 2021 Reunion Teaser, by Jim Faulkner ...... 3 Refueling Operation Power Flite - 1957, by Clement Woodhull ...... 3 UCT: The Past, Present, and On The Horizon, by Major Sean T. Leuschen ...... 4 Navigator as Medical Officer, by Leon I. Hammer ...... 5 My 25th Mission, by Max S. Breslow ...... 6 Chance Encounters in a Small World, by William Day ...... 7 Memories of an Aviation Cadet, by George R. Spillman Sr...... 8 A Nightfighter Navigator Recalls... by Richard Myers ...... 9 A Long Way Home, by Murray Siegel ...... 10 Letters ...... 10 Last Flights, by Jim Faulkner ...... 12 The AFNOA Board & Operating Committees ...... 16

DR AHEAD is the official publication of the Air Force Naviga- MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION tors Observers Association, Inc. (AFNOA Inc.); a non-profit, AIR FORCE NAVIGATORS OBSERVERS ASSOCIATION non-political organization dedicated to maintaining the peace and security of the United States of America and a spirit of Name ______comradeship among all Aerial or Surface Navigators, Observ- Spouse's Name ______ers and Bombardiers who are serving or have served in the Address ______U.S. Air Force or its predecessors, The United States Marine Corps, The United States Navy, The United States Army, The ______United States Coast Guard, or any of the predecessor organi- City ______zations of these service organizations, or persons closely af- filiated with navigation in any capacity on a case-by-case ba- State / 9-digit ZIP ______sis. TENOA, the forerunner of AFNOA, was organized by Clarke Home Phone ______Lampard, Ellington Class 50-D, in 1985. Work Phone ______DR AHEAD is published by AFNOA, Inc., 6441 Avenida De Cell Phone ______Galvez, Navarre, Florida 32566-8911. Presorted 3rd class E-Mail Address ______postage is paid at Fort Walton Beach, Florida. Base Name/Class Number ______MANUSCRIPTS are welcomed, especially by E-mail (address: [email protected]) or by submittal to the editor on data CDs, Make check payable to AFNOA and mail to: IBM-compatible formats only please. All submissions must Leonard T. Melcher, AFNOA Treasurer be signed and must include the address of the contributor; no 103 Steel Valley Drive anonymous material will be printed; however, names will be Boerne, TX 78006-7019 withheld on request. The editor reserves the right to edit sub- Telephone: 512-296-5209 mitted articles for reasons of taste, clarity, legal liability, or e-mail: [email protected] length. The comments and views herein represent the views of the editor and are not necessarily those of AFNOA, Inc. Note: AFNOA is an IRS 501(c) (19) non-profit organization Deadline for the next issue is 15 November 2020. Annual Membership -- $15.00 Under age 79 CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Please report changes of address to: $50.00 for 4-year membership AFNOA, Inc., 4109 Timberlane, Enid, OK 73703-2825; 80 and over - $35.00 for life [email protected]; 580-242-0526 If you are currently a member, GREAT! Please consider DR AHEAD STAFF: a donation to the operating account. If you are not a Owner AFNOA current member, please consider joining and giving a Editor, Richard W. Ahrens [email protected] donation to the organization. Thank you. Contributor, Murray Siegel [email protected] Membership $ ______Copy Editor, Sue Curran [email protected] Donation to Operating Account $ ______Circulation, Jim Faulkner [email protected] Distribution [email protected] Total Amount Enclosed $ ______********* DR AHEAD PAGE 3

2021 REUNION TEASER dered most of our avionics useless—not to mention what by Jim Faulkner, James Connally 64-04 it did to the flight characteristics of the aircraft. I tried the The AFNOA 2021 Reunion Committee is made up of tested maintenance procedure, kicking the faulty gear, to Jim Faulkner and Dennis Ehrenberger. John Bridges is a no avail. Most of the gear was located in a bay under the consultant to the committee. cockpit that was referred to as the “hell hole.” One didn’t The AFNOA 2021 Reunion is being scheduled to be spend long down there especially when there was smol- held in Fort Worth, Texas, on Tuesday and Wednesday, dering wire. We were not about to abort and spend a week 21 and 22 September 2021, for socials and meetings; with in Tripoli so we continued on. Communications from then tours on Thursday and Friday, 23 and 24 September 2021, on were by the radio operator on high frequency radio which if there is enough interest for those. For starters, we are had not been affected, as it was not in the radio racks. looking into touring the Lockeed Martin F-35 production This utilized a long, retractable, trailing wire antenna, which line. Note that there might be a limit to the number of would trail a hundred or so feet behind and would, hope- visitors who can make the tour of the F-35 facility. We are fully, be retracted before landing. also working on plans to visit some other places in the Once again DR and the navigator’s best friend, his Dallas-Fort Worth area. eyes, took over—making the Spanish–French border by ********* eyeball, and then the Bernese mountains, then celestial up the coast to Greenham Common. This was one of the few missions where the weather was on my side the whole trip. Once back at Greenham Common our aircraft was out of commission for ten days waiting for a radome, a complete radar system and other avionic systems to arrive from the states, giving me a lot of time for touring the En- glish countryside. The trip back across North Atlantic was once again mostly in the soup, with only one celestial shot just south- west of Iceland. The ice pack was so complete that a radar landfall was impossible and with high headwinds things were a little tense in the navigator department. When we did finally hit the coast we were so far behind schedule and fuel that we had to land at Loring AFB in Limestone, Maine, for fuel. This was one of the few times that USAF Clement Woodhull navigating a KC-97 across the Atlantic weather was really off. Ocean. Photo provided by Clement Woodhull. Once on the ground we, and all the aircraft behind us, had to lay over due to crew rest requirements. Where did REFUELING OPERATION POWER FLITE - 1957 this rule come from? We had recently flown for three days 3 B-52S NON-STOP AROUND THE WORLD straight with no sleep. The mission was over and we were by Clement Woodhull, Ellington 54-12 back to real life. It was a beautiful night with full moon and no clouds. Off for Portsmouth early the next morning and this None of us had ever seen a B-52 before, but all went well exciting trip was over. We had seen a lot, done a lot and and they landed at March AFB in California later that day been many places we never even heard of. We had proven after a round-the-world non-stop flight of only 45 hours and our combat-ready status once again and, thanks to Bob 19 minutes. We had launched 12 aircraft from Dhahran in Smith’s maintenance group, done so with no losses. Our Saudia Arabia to be sure that there were spares should maintenance officer, Bob, my best friend, always flew on they be needed. It took three KC-97s to top off each B-52. my aircraft, because he knew we would get him there. We did have a visitor that night. Word has it that an extra ********* aircraft was in our midst. At least one Russian MiG watched the whole affair. NOTAM: DR AHEAD by Internet After a short rest and aircraft maintenance we were off Still getting a hard copy of DR AHEAD? Join the nearly to retrace our route back to England. We were glad to three hundred members who have elected to receive DR leave as the stench from the Persian Gulf’s low tide, with AHEAD via the internet, thereby saving AFNOA the post- all their raw sewage dumped there, was getting to us all. age and printing. Please e-mail to Jim Faulkner at On departure from Tripoli we had a lightning strike, [email protected] to switch. which blew the radome completely off the aircraft and ren- ********* DR AHEAD PAGE 4

Lt Christian Stair, WSO class 21-01, and Lt Natalie Mertz, Nav class 21-02, debrief following a training mission. Photograph by Maj Sean T. Leuschen.

UCT: THE PAST, PRESENT, AND ON THE HORIZON vision, which aimed for an aviator who was well versed in by Major Sean T. Leuschen, Pensacola 13-05 each of the possible CSO roles, Weapons Systems Of- This is my first article with the DR AHEAD, but before ficer (WSO), Electronic Warfare Officer (EWO), and Navi- I get started, I want to briefly introduce myself. My name gator, and could easily transition between the three. Due is Sean Leuschen, an Instructor Combat Systems Officer to the complexity in each of these roles, this vision never (ICSO) with the 479th Flying Training Group, and their new- transpired. While graduated CSOs may have had a broad est Public Affairs Officer. Before this assignment, I spent understanding of each field, they lacked the depth that over six years at Robins AFB, Georgia, as a navigator on their new roles would inevitably demand. The syllabus the E-8C JSTARS. I commissioned through the University overhaul transformed UCT to more of a focused “track” sys- of South Carolina’s ROTC program in 2011 and am an alum- tem. Now, students advance from their primary phase of nus of the Undergraduate Combat Systems Officer Train- training and get sorted between WSO, NAV, Special Op- ing (UCT) class 13-05. I am married to my gorgeous wife, erations (SO), and EWO career paths. The training tailors Leanne. She has the most important job in the world, their attributes to what they will need in their follow-on du- raising our three kids: Ava, Adeline, and Liam. I am humbled ties, with the mindset of mastering their craft first while to have this chance to work with such an unbelievable or- still working on building some breadth, making them more ganization, especially one so deeply rooted in our career prepared and capable than ever before. field’s history. I look forward to the opportunity to capture Advancements in technology have enhanced the way this exciting moment in time and to help share all of our we train and have altered the way we do business. Like efforts here at NAS Pensacola. the rest of society, COVID has forced us to adapt, and in After I returned to Pensacola in early July of last year, many cases, for the better. We have learned new ways to I quickly realized that this wasn’t the same program that I telework, expanded across multiple social media platforms, went through back in 2012. Improvements in technology, and developed innovative means of communication. The the curriculum, and even the way that the CSO role is once-packed conference room has been kicked to virtual viewed, have all rendered this course nearly unrecogniz- meetings; large academic lectures are being taught live able. One of the most impactful changes was last year’s through handheld devices, and where training would have syllabus overhaul. The change amended the original CSO otherwise been lost, is now augmented with improved train- DR AHEAD PAGE 5

degree T-6 simulator, the T-96 (T-1A) simulator, aviation training devices (ATD), and the T-25 simulator. Both the T- 25 and computer systems onboard the T-1A replicate mission-sets from each track, including target engagement, sensor operations, exploiting the electromagnetic spec- trum, employing countermeasures, electromagnetic attack, and even simulating air-to-air refueling. After completing a training event, these same computer systems reproduce the mission and provide immediate lessons learned. The production of virtual reality training devices is underway and will be incorporated in both student and ICSO training very soon. This new curriculum, paired with improvements to technology, shapes the way training is executed and sets the foundation for years to come. Today, students are paired together across multiple tracks, on a single mission, and learn how to operate as a crew. They leave our program ready to face the battles of today and the ones that loom Lt Mertz runs through her checklists at the CSO console on the horizon. To maintain the competitive advantage onboard the T-1A. Photograph by Maj Sean T. Leuschen. against near-peer competitors and adversaries, it requires innovation and the application of cutting edge technology. ing devices. Students receive varying combinations of What we have here at UCT is the start. It is exciting to ground and flight training, depending on their track. They imagine what is coming in the not-so-distant future. are trained in the T-6 Texan II, a modified T-1A, a 360- *********

NAVIGATOR AS MEDICAL OFFICER I had a small portable oxygen tank that I attached to by Leon I. Hammer, M.D., Hondo (1944) my flight jacket. I quickly crawled to the back of the plane, During our combat training we flew from our base at had the men lay down and kept feeding them whiffs of Davis-Monthan Field in Tucson, Arizona, in the fall of 1944. oxygen—including myself—all the time trying to convince Frequently we flew bombing missions to targets in the US— the pilot to descend. He refused and the co-pilot would bombing them with the Norden bombsight by camera. Two not confront him. I continued to feed the oxygen to these common targets were Las Vegas, New Mexico, and El men until we finally descended. Fortunately, the portable Paso, Texas. Part of the mission involved training our gun- tank lasted. If it had not I would have knocked this pilot ners for fighter planes who attacked us. Film from the out and had the co-pilot descend. guns would evaluate the accuracy of each defense. We When we landed I wrote my report of the flight. One routinely flew over Alamagordo where they were secretly standard duty of the navigator was to write a log that sum- developing the atomic bomb. marized the flight—including all my observations, calcula- This day we were flying to El Paso. Jim Young, our tions and important events. pilot, had a cold and could not fly. A substitute was cho- I reported the entire behavior of the captain and pre- sen, a captain who was a graduate of West Point. He sented it personally to the commanding officer of Davis- never acknowledged us, never said hello. He just got in Monthan Field. The West Point captain was never seen the cockpit, taxied to the flight line and took off. again on that field. We were in our positions. American fighter planes ********* attacked us and our gunners defended us in mock air battles and I was in my position navigating. Then I received a message over the interphone. The engineer, two waist gunners, the tail gunner, and the radio operator, all in NOTAM: Emergency List the rear of the plane, had run out of oxygen. We were at One of our members has told us that if something should twenty five-thousand feet and they could not live long with- happen to him. . . he has left a listing of people to be out it. Returning to 10,000 feet would have solved the contacted. Great planning! Suggest we all consider put- problem. I called the substitute pilot, but he refused to ting AFNOA on that listing. abort the mission. ********* DR AHEAD PAGE 6

and he complied. Our heading was perfect to our destina- tion. I was assigned to the 614th Bomb Squadron, 401st Bomb Group, 8th Air Force, based in England. My 25th mission was to Gelsenkirchen, Germany, on February 16, 1945. Upon the loss of one engine over the target area we were forced to depart from the 45-plane group returning to our base in England. I devised a heading utilizing British radar which was referred to as the “Mickey.” Upon approaching the British Channel over France the pilot advised our crew that a second engine was faltering, we might not make it over the channel, and we were to prepare for a crash landing. Fortunately, we made it over the Channel, but had to immediately land the plane at the first air base available, which turned out to be a British training base for Lancaster bombers. We found out later that our group lost two planes: one over the target, and the other went down—with nine parachutes seen— upon departing the target area. Included in my total of thirty-five missions were two missions to Dresden, which was an open city until the Russians persuaded the 8th Air Force to bomb Dresden for not maintaining its non-military stance. *********

Lt Breslow in England in 1945, holding his sextant. Photographs provided by Max S. Breslow.

MY 25TH MISSION by Max S. Breslow, Hondo 44-10 Prior to being drafted as a resident alien I attempted to join the Royal Canadian Air Force by crossing the border at Windsor, Canada, to take the entry examination. I failed due to color blindness. As a US Air Force cadet I man- aged to pass the Air Corps color blindness test by memo- rizing the examination. My first real use of my sextant was between Nova Scotia and Iceland, where I shot the following three stars: the North Star, Aldebaran, and Sirius. During our briefing prior to departure from the States, we had been advised that a German submarine was sta- tioned in the North Sea and was emitting false directions to B-17s, in order to shoot down unwary aircraft arriving in England. During our flight to England our radio operator received and passed to our pilot what he thought was the correct heading. In order to confirm our position, I used my sextant to obtain a fix by shooting the sun. I advised Bob, our pilot, as to a heading based upon my sextant fix, Lt Breslow in his gung-ho jacket. DR AHEAD PAGE 7

The interior of a Boeing 747 freighter. Photograph provided by Bill Day.

CHANCE ENCOUNTERS IN A SMALL WORLD heavy 747 also bound for Anchorage. As both aircraft left by William Day, Harlingen 61-09 radar range, they reverted to INS navigation cross-checked William Day and Terry Higgins entered the Aviation by radar bearings from the Russian Kurile Island. The two Cadet navigator program at Harlingen AFB the same day. crews fell into a routine operation. Suddenly a call was One came from Montana and the other from Indiana. In heard on the conventional ‘chatter frequency’ – 128.95, “Is many ways these classmates had already common threads Aviation Cadet Day on the frequency?” Bill Day recog- in their youthful pasts. For example, when class 61-09 nized Terry’s voice and answered his call. Terry Higgins started Morse code training, both Day and Higgins tested inquired about Bill’s position. Unknown to Day, Higgins out and were excused from the class. Both had been ama- had heard the recent position report made by Day’s copi- teur radio operators. lot to Tokyo on HF (SSB) and suspected they were on the Higgins went on to become a RIO and Day went to the same track and reporting the same airway reporting point. C-124. They lost contact with each other until the summer By chance both aircraft were at the exact same latitude of 1968 when they had a chance encounter at the North- and longitude, one above the other. They could not have west Airlines crew bus waiting area. By this time both coordinated such a precise interception. One aircraft was were no longer on active duty and both were working as even receiving annoying false ground proximity warnings airline pilots. Higgins eventually left Northwest Airlines and caused by our mere 2,000 ft. of vertical separation. The settled into Great Falls, self-employed and flying the F-102 higher aircraft detected the lower on their radio altimeter with the Montana ANG. Thereafter contacts became very as the lower aircraft passed into and out of the radar altim- sparse until the 1990s. By then Higgins and Day were eter signal cone. Eventually clouds cleared and permitted both Boeing 747 captains, but with different airlines, and each to see the other. We assure you that a 747 at 2,000 irony upon irony, laying over in the same hotel in Narita, ft. distance is mighty large. Today on many oceanic routes Japan. that vertical separation has been reduced to 1,000 ft. The two former Harlingen classmates had a long jaw- You can imagine the friendly chatter that broke out bone session at the hotel and resolved to meet again in between the two former classmates on the VHF. After a Anchorage in a couple days. A couple days later Terry while an unknown voice said, “Don’t you guys ever sleep.” Higgins departed Hong Kong’s famous Kai Tak Airport North- Oh yes, Higgins kicked his airplane up to warp speed east bound for Anchorage, his filed routing was to take him and landed first at Anchorage. over the Tokyo area. Unknown to both, a few hours later ********* Bill Day departed Tokyo Narita International Airport in a DR AHEAD PAGE 8

Kentucky, and departed for Harlingen AFB, Texas, that same day. I was signing up for the navigator aviation cadet program. The pilot program was not accepting applicants anymore since that program was ending. I remember the recruiter told me, just after he gave me the oath, that I would hate him for signing me up. He seemed to know a lot more about what I was getting myself into than I did. My itinerary from Louisville, Kentucky, to Harlingen AFB, Texas, in May 1960 was the following: Louisville to Atlanta on a Lockheed Electra; Atlanta to Houston on a DC-7; Houston to Harlingen on a Trans Texas Airways DC- Photograph of SST while being flown by George R. Spillman. 3. The last leg was very turbulent and I thought I was Photograph provided by George R. Spillman. going to get sick. I had never flown before and I started having my first doubts about what I was getting myself into. I was nineteen years old and off on a great adventure. MEMORIES OF AN AVIATION CADET Little did I know that this was the beginning of a 41-year by George R. Spillman Sr., Harlingen 61-06 career in aviation. My military career began when I saw a chance to skip The aviation cadet program was an eye-opening expe- an English class in college. After graduating from high rience for me. At the beginning I was just trying to hang school in Madison, Indiana, I attended Indiana Technical on. I kept thinking, “Don’t quit, you can finish this.” Some College in Fort Wayne, Indiana, from September 1959 to did quit. The process to quit Aviation Cadets was called March 1960. SIE (Self Initiated Elimination). SIE came with a price: Sometime around January 1960, as I was on the way those who quit had to spend two years as an airman. I to a night English class, I passed an Air Force recruiter in was determined to see it though. First two weeks of green the lobby of the classroom building. The recruiter was tucks, then 4th, 3rd, 2nd, 1st class and finally Double Gold. trying to get students to take the Air Force Officer Qualifi- I have a lot of good and bad memories from Aviation Ca- cation Test to see if they would qualify for the USAF Avia- dets, but seem to remember the good more than the bad. tion Cadet program. Somewhat intrigued, I made small I enjoyed marching to and from classes while we sang talk with the recruiter and asked about the test. He said (Working on the Railroad, etc.), most of the training while the test was to be the following week on the same night as we learned navigation and the progression when we were my English class. Disappointed, I told him I had already promoted to each position. Each step gave us more and used all my cuts for this class so couldn’t take the test. more freedom, more obligations, (for example training un- He informed me that the school would let us have an extra derclassmen as we were trained to be better officers) and cut to take the test. Since I was not too fond of the class knowing that we were one step closer to graduation. Bad I said, “Sign me up.” Little did I know that this was the memories included the Demerit System. The infamous 6 beginning of my military/aviation career. and 12. Six demerits and twelve hours on the tour ramp, I A few weeks later, after passing the first test, I took think it was. No one wanted to get a 6 and 12. The early my first train trip to Wright Patterson AFB in Dayton, Ohio, calisthenics in front of the barracks. Jumping jacks at for three additional days of testing and a physical. There, 5:45 in the morning was not fun. The GI party to wax the along with other potential USAF recruits, we filled out nu- hallway floors was also not a good memory. merous Air Force forms under the direction of an Air Force When it came time to choose where we would go after sergeant. For each form he would begin “In the space graduation, our class gathered in a large room with as- marked name, put last name, first name and middle initial. signments written on a chalkboard. Assignments were In the space marked date put Ten-F-E-B-Six Zero.” He chosen according to class standing (number one in class wanted to make sure we knew the military way to indicate choose first and so forth). Your name was called out, you the date. stood up and said what assignment you wanted. Class Based on my test results, I was told I qualified for both 61-06 started with about 185 students. After SIEs and pilot and navigator aviation cadet programs and would be washouts, we graduated 117, of which I was number 11. notified at a later date for an opportunity to join the United We had three assignments to Travis AFB, California, States Air Force. Up until that time I had never considered to MATS and I had already made up my mind to go into joining the military, but what began as an excuse to miss MATS (to see the world, etc.). I thought California would a boring English class became more attractive as a career be nice since I had never been further west than Texas, but option since I had no money to continue college. those three assignments were quickly snapped up. I took I joined the Air Force on 18 May 1960 in Louisville, the first of 20 assignments to McGuire AFB, New Jersey. DR AHEAD PAGE 9

Graduation ceremony was on the morning of 4 April 1961. things, mainly about myself, that carried me through the I don’t remember too much about the activities, just the rest of my career. All told, I spent forty-one years flying first salute and handing the silver dollar to the Sergeant airplanes as a navigator or pilot. My career eventually standing outside waiting for us. I jumped into my 1955 took me to USAF pilot training, the Federal Aviation Ad- Thunderbird and headed north around noon with the objec- ministration, and I finished flying at United Airlines in De- tive of leaving Texas before I stopped. Not realizing what a cember 2000. I flew navigator on T-29,C-118, C-130, C- big state Texas was I made it only as far as Houston be- 135, C-141 and pilot on T-37, T-38, C-141 with the Air Force. fore I had to stop and spend the night. I flew B-727 and Concorde with FAA. At United Airlines, I My orders were to report to McGuire AFB no later than flew B-727, B-737, B-747, B-757 and B-767. Looking back, 5 May 1961. I was assigned to the 38th ATS (Air Trans- I never would have imagined I would have had such amaz- port Service) flying C-118s, a brand new 20-year-old 2nd Lt ing experiences. But it all started with an opportunity to starting my career in MATS. skip an English class in college and an attitude of “Don’t My first year in MATS was navigating C-118s mainly quit, you can finish this.” to Europe and back. Navigators from McGuire staged at ********* Harmon AFB, Newfoundland, going eastbound and Prestwick AB, Scotland, going westbound. Usually a crew consisted of one navigator and three pilots since the pilots A NIGHTFIGHTER NAVIGATOR RECALLS... were flying longer hours and needed the extra crewmember. by Richard Myers, James Connally 52-2 When the weather was too bad in Scotland we would At Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida, we new nightfighter fly through Lajes AB, Azores. Our biggest fear (and one navigators entered jet-transition to cut our "cadet-reaction- that was drummed into us from day one navigating the times" in half and learn how to cope with the speeds of the North Atlantic) was, "Do not bust the CADIZ (Canada Air F-94B Starfire jet nightfighter and its Soviet-designed MiG- Defense Identification Zone) penetration approaching New- 15 jet adversary in the Korean air war—the world's first jet- foundland." I think 10 minutes and 20 miles was the toler- versus-jet fighting. ance. If you didn’t penetrate within those limits very bad We also learned what not to say about the Starfire's things would happen, the least of which was losing your performance: speed, rate of climb, armament, and such, wings. Other things were rumored like Air Defense Com- plus its "classified equipment" which provided its advanced mand would launch fighter aircraft to shoot us down. capability for night interception. Now we had to avoid all I don’t know how much was true or just scare tactics, the topics named in the AvCadet Program, plus all these but pilots and navigators alike were aware of just how im- new ones about our birds. A bit painful. portant it was to make good our time and location. Flying The course, shared with an identical number of pilots, from Prestwick to Harmon was challenging. It was usually had three phases. Ground school came first. This was a night time in the weather and always around 10,000 feet. highly social time as we met and teamed with pilots, each And to further complicate things, it was a 10-hour leg with pilot wanting complete understanding and information on few navigational aids and nothing but dead reckoning for our 24-plus "night interception-attack-patterns" and on our the last 3 or 4 hours as we approached the CADIZ. Just "cockpit teamwork," meaning all the maneuvers we might before the CADIZ we would receive signals from Loran A. call for. You would take several fixes (watch out for the dreaded For example, our one-syllable maneuver-call, "Port!" sky wave), and when you are sure of your position you meant these 22 syllables, "Start turning left at standard- were ready to tell the pilot to make a correction. Remem- rate and continue turning left until I ask you to stop." ber that I was a 20-year old 2nd Lt and was told I looked Twenty-two syllables compressed to one. like I was 15. With my high-pitched voice I tell the Aircraft And our pilots had much to tell us, including—at the Commander (sometimes an older Major or Lt/Col with more Officers Club bar—how to play Liars Dice. Good times. flying experience than I had years alive), “Sir, turn right 90 I teamed with "Billy-B from Texas." Phase Two, our degrees” and give him a new time to report. You can imag- first few flights together, employed highly-agile B-25 light ine how many times I was asked, “Are you sure?” He bombers which, without bombs, handled like fighters and didn’t want to lose his wings and/or get shot down either. had seats for an instructor-pilot and an instructor-navigator I know each of you had similar experiences as you who evaluated and coached our "cockpit teamwork." We began your Air Force career. My first two years in the Air became smoother, quicker, more precise, more deadly. Force, as a 19- and 20-year old boy from Indiana and Ken- Then—what a great day—our instructors turned us tucky, were an eye-opening experience. I felt like I ac- loose in F-94B Starfire fighters and we began Phase Three, complished something that most people would never have each two crews working aloft as a pair, each crew taking the opportunity to accomplish. To say that I changed dur- turns as interceptor or target. ing those two years would be an understatement. I learned After graduation came ten days leave, then rendez- DR AHEAD PAGE 10 vous on the west coast for our flight to Tokyo and our as- AFB for the short flight to Carswell AFB. I still had a long signments to interceptor squadrons. We would soon learn trip ahead before I was home. Upon arriving at Carswell, that Far East Air Forces possessed not one but four Starfire we were greeted by the Wing Commander who asked to Squadrons, one on Okinawa, one near Tokyo, plus two speak with all the passengers from other bases. He ex- active in the Korean air war. plained that clerks were preparing our airline tickets home. ********* He was a man of his word as we received our tickets and were transported to Love Airfield, the primary Dallas air- A LONG WAY HOME port. by Murray Siegel, James Connally 65-03 We arrived at Love after midnight on Tuesday with seven Combatants returning from the Vietnam War experi- hours to go before departure. I discovered that there was a enced a wide variety of journeys. Some were greeted with private shower room at Love, and obtained three sets of a brass band and cheering crowds, while others were spat towels, soap and a key for that room. My two companions upon by protesters. I believe that my return was unique— and I each took a refreshing shower. We did not have a it was long and filled with events and observations that change of clothes but at least we were clean after more should be of interest to the reader. than a day of travel. I spent the summer of 1968 flying B-52 missions over Our tickets were on Southern Airways with a change North and South Vietnam. In September, I was notified of aircraft in Memphis. The flight from Dallas to Memphis that my request for separation had been accepted, I would was uneventful, but when we landed we were told our flight be returning home to Columbus AFB, Mississippi, and to Columbus was delayed. I found Southern’s customer would end my active duty commitment on 18 November service and had them open a quiet room for us to get some 1968. On an early Monday evening in October, I climbed rest. An airline representative woke us up when our flight on a KC-135 from Carswell AFB and joined a flock of home- was ready. At the gate we learned that take-off continued ward bound passengers. to be delayed. I learned that there were two other Columbus-bound My concern about the flight grew as I watched the men on the flight—both were enlisted mechanics. I de- ground crew load the baggage. One of the mechanics had cided that I would be responsible for helping them return to placed his tool box in baggage, and the worker was trying CAFB safely. After a brief stopover on Wake Island, we to get the box up the moving ramp with the wheels down. departed for Hawaii. Crossing the international dateline, He was shocked that as the box moved up the ramp that it we landed at Hickam AFB early Monday morning. While rolled down. Finally, he was told to place the box on its on the ground at Hickam, all passengers completed dec- side. I hoped that other employees were more qualified laration forms for customs, no instructions were offered than him. and this would lead to frustrations for many of the returning Then I noticed that a mechanic had the cowling off the airmen. starboard engine on the Martin 404 twin-engine prop-plane, During the layover at Hickam, I had my first glass of and was banging on the engine with a hammer. I feared cold milk since leaving Mississippi—since there appeared this flight might be more dangerous than my missions over to be no real milk available on Guam, on Okinawa or at North Vietnam. We boarded the aircraft and I took a win- Utapao RTAB in Thailand. That milk, along with a donut, dow seat on the right so I could watch that starboard en- really hit the spot yet so much more was coming. Depart- gine. ing Hawaii, our next stop was Dyess AFB, Texas, and We departed and I noted that the pilot’s method of here is where the frustration hit. navigation under VFR conditions was to follow the U.S. The customs agent informed all those from Carswell highway system to Columbus. We arrived safely late on that since they listed a Texas address, they were limited Tuesday afternoon, and I was greeted by my wife and young to one bottle of liquor. Believing the limit to be five bottles, son. My return had taken almost two days. That night I most of the Carswell people had bought five bottles of ex- slept in my own bed, and when I woke in the morning, pensive booze (Chivas Regal, Crown Royal, etc.) at very there was no gecko staring down at me. I was glad to be low prices, and they now had to give up four. They asked home. the customs agent if they could change the address to ********* their legal address outside of Texas. No changes could be made! I approached the agent and asked if I could buy one bottle from each of five folks, since I had not brought LETTERS any liquor with me, and the answer was a curt, "No." 5 July 2020 When we left base ops, there were hundreds of bottles Editor: of outstanding booze lined up on the counter. The cus- I’m a new AFNOA member from Harlingen 60-14, and toms folks would have one great party. We departed Dyess I need to connect with some counterparts from the past to DR AHEAD PAGE 11

Memoirs of a Trash Hauler: Vignettes from the Vietnam War by Henri L. Bailey, III Lieutenant Colonel, USAF (Retired)

Some of these vignettes have already been printed in DR AHEAD. The book has been published by Author House and is available three ways on-line at Amazon. ISBN 978-1-5462-7947-1 (Hardcover) $23.99 ISBN 978-1-5462-7946-4 (Softcover) $13.99 ISBN 978-1-5462-7945-7 (e-book) $ 5.99

help with a Veterans Administration Agent Orange claim. would be required for basic navigator route qualification, After five years of active duty as a MATS navigator, I went and also instructor navigator qualification; and that this back to college and then to law school. In school for five would also be necessary for continuous route qualification years, I flew as a USAF reserve navigator on C-141 aircraft and instructor training of newly assigned navigators for them with the 44th Air Mobility Squadron (previously 44th Air to become route qualified. This—from instructor naviga- Transport Squadron) at Travis AFB, California. While in tors in the 44th or in any other Travis C-141 squadrons the 44th, I was a line navigator and also an instructor navi- during this or other time periods—could also help prove gator, flying on numerous missions during summer school my claim that I served in Vietnam. breaks from Travis to Tan Son Nhut, Da Nang and Cam Please e-mail me at [email protected], or telephone Ranh Bay airbases in Vietnam. me at 510-697-7204. I need to find any former—1966 to 1969—44th Squad- Thank you, ron instructor navigators who could support my claim that Jed Orme, Harlingen 60-14 flying on C-141s from Travis to these Vietnamese airbases *********

NAVIGATOR TALES by Richard W. Ahrens & Susan M. Curran. A 214 page hardcover self-published book of articles by navigators, bombardiers and other rat- ings—extracted from DR AHEAD. After pub- lishing expenses, all profits go to AFNOA from this printing. To order your copy, send a check made out to Richard W. Ahrens to: Richard W. Ahrens 43300 Little River Airport Road #79 Little River, CA 95456-9612

Navigator Tales 29.95 CA State Sales Tax 2.36 Packing & Shipping in U.S. 4.87 Total $37.18 Extra Postage & Shipping for signed copies 4.87 Total for signed copies $42.05

Questions to: [email protected] DR AHEAD PAGE 12

LAST FLIGHTS Bower, Stanley O. Willowick OH 44-45 by Jim Faulkner, James Connally 64-04 Devoe, John H. Grand Rapids MI 44-45 Thanks to the following for reporting several Last Flights Sisemoore, Alfred B. Exeter NH 44-45 this quarter: Harvey Casbarian, Ellington 57-18; John Whaley Jr., John H St Louis MO 44-45 Fradella, James Connally 66-17; John Massey, Ellington Burgess, Evert C. Norfolk VA 44-49 54-19; Bill Wilkins, Ellington 52-09; and others. Please Humphrey, Norval E. Cleves OH 44-49 advise AFNOA membership ([email protected]) Stamps Jr., Monroe F. Roswell GA 44-49 when a navigator/observer/bombardier/EWO or combat sys- VanTassell, Wilbur F. Missouri City TX 44-53 tem officer has made their last flight. Please keep their Goodwin Jr., Edwin J. Telford PA 45-04 families in your prayers. Listed below are the last flights Burroughs, Glen Dallas TX 45-04N reported this quarter. Domin, Dr. Alex J. Harper Woods MI 45-04N Foster, Julian F. Plano TX 45-04N AIR FORCE ACADEMY Rice, Edward K. Los Angeles CA 45-04N Gold, William H. Spokane WA 59-00 Broderick, James H. Newton MA 45-08 Lindbo, Floyd A. Apache Junction AZ 45-08 BIG SPRING Theed, Robert W. Miami FL 45-08 Tilton, Charles W. Charleston WV 44-13 Osteen, James D. Seaford VA 50-00 Schumacher, John M. Boulder CO 50-00 CORAL GABLES Byrne, Stephen A. Holyoke MA 50-E Linsley, Robert L. Birmingham AL 42-01 Harrelson, Robert P. Albuquerque NM 50-E Ligon Jr., Rodney M. Winston Salem NC 44-06 Patterson Jr., James G. Omaha NE 50-E Steinhauser, Warren S. Beverly Hills CA 44-06 Fox, Martin H. Sedalia CO 50-F White, Joe M. Buchanan Dam TX 44-09 Jarvis, Richard R. Boise ID 50-F Glazer, Sherwin I. Dewitt NY 44-12 Barmes Jr., George F. Bossier City LA 50-F Scroxton, Richard R. Liverpool NY 44-12 Brown, Ben R. Raleigh NC 51-00 Lane Jr., Ralph H. Dover DE 51-00 CHILDRESS Schreiber, Joseph Boise ID 51-00 White, William W. San Diego CA 43-10 Snyder, Richard C. Alexandria VA 51-00 Davis, Charles L. Herndon VA 43-13 Stahl, Edward S. Vacaville CA 51-00 Tabor Jr., Raleigh E. Belleview FL 51-00 ELLINGTON Erickson, Edward N. Superior WI 51-01 Daly Jr., John J. Port St Lucie FL 41-00B Tambor, David R. Dunmore PA 51-03 Bergel, James A. Plymouth MI 42-00 Argersinger, James B. Austin TX 51-04 Bergenthal, Frank J. Portsmouth NH 42-00 Bradley, Calvin J. Summerfield FL 51-04 Drapeau, George B. Houston TX 43-17 Seggerman, Bernard G. Houston TX 51-06 Everett, Curtis L. Houston TX 43-17 Myers, William Webster TX 51-09 Coleman, Patrick E. Colorado Springs CO 44-00 Jochum, Arthur F. Wichita KS 51-11 Myers, George H. Shalimar FL 44-00 Miller, Ray E. Franklin TN 51-14 Hammer, George W. Wabasha MN 44-02 Maloy, BGen Frederick L. Clearwater FL 51-16 Bobo, Robert O. Kerrville TX 44-05 Chasteen, Doyle W. Jasper GA 51-24 Hancock, John R. Gig Harbor WA 44-06 Ripp, Mason L. Omaha NE 51-25 Tolbert, James E. North Vernon IN 44-06 Reddy, Robert J. Edmond OK 51-26 Benson, Clyde W. Shreveport LA 44-07 Benander Jr., Anders Manvel TX 51-A Earnest, Loren E. Mesa AZ 44-07 Wise, Donald St. George UT 51-A Rice, William M. Houston TX 44-07 Ruvolo, Sam J. San Bernardino CA 52-02 Feldman, Jerome O. Merrick NY 44-08 Harpster, Robert C. Warrensburg MO 52-06 Zeck, Mladden D. Leavenworth KS 44-08 Smith, Cromwell O. San Diego CA 52-07 Tanner, Glenn E. Pasadena TX 44-10 Goodman, Herbert E. San Diego CA 52-13 Dido, Robert J. Harrisburg PA 44-11 Jones, Robert L. L. San Antonio TX 52-13 Doom, Richard C. Serafina NM 44-11 Joensen, Alfred W. Ames IA 52-17 Emanuel, Richard B. Norfolk VA 44-11 Bell, George M. Oklahoma City OK 52-18 Kowalski, Julian Rancho Cordova CA 44-11 Castillon, Ramon Arlington TX 52-18 Jameson Jr., John T. Indianapolis IN 44-12 Chase, Thomas P. Bowdoinham ME 52-18 Levin, Abner B. Winston Salem NC 44-12 McCullough, Thomas E. Carmel CA 52-18 DR AHEAD PAGE 13

McShea, Roger A. Anchorage AK 52-18 Thompson, Robert E. Syosset NY 53-19 Rogers, James C. Livermore CA 52-18 Martin Jr., Holloway J. Mexia TX 54-00 Wilkinson, Ralph A. West Islip NY 52-18 Montgomery, Robert L. Fort Worth TX 54-02 Brown, Richard M. Lynnhaven FL 52-20 Domingo, Baldwin M. Wakefield MA 54-03 Calhoun, Harry P. Medical Lake WA 52-20 Finn, Donald M. Carmichael CA 54-03 Chaggaris, Peter G. Fort Worth TX 52-20 Garrity, Allen K. Fort Worth TX 54-03 Lloyd, Francis J. Winter Park FL 52-20 French Jr., William T. Lake City FL 54-17 Lodin, Raymond B. Peoria AZ 52-G Busic, Kenneth J. Laurel MD 55-00 McManus, Charles D. Tamuning GU 53-00 Coffey, James F. Honolula HI 55-02 Hill, Henry E. Shreveport LA 53-09 Cooper, Marvin E. Riverton UT 55-02 Cadena, Richard D. Dallas TX 53-12 Fasano, Domenic Bridgewater NJ 55-02 McGregor, Miles D. Vincent OH 53-13 Greatorex Jr., Frank S. Waldoboro ME 55-02 Hoch, John A. Marshall TX 53-57 King, Randle R. Provo UT 55-02 Nelson, Gordon T. Kettle Falls WA 54-00 Chaput, Paul T. Houston TX 55-03 Butler, Donald R. Lady Lake FL 54-05 Green, Joe B. Eden TX 55-03 Cameron, Edward E. Hemet CA 54-06 Anderson, Carl A. Palm Harbor FL 55-06 Fitch, James R. Fairfax VA 54-06 Baebler, Eugene E. Saint Louis MO 55-06 Henry, Lehman L. Kailua HI 54-06 Donaldson, Robert D. Mill Creek WA 55-06 Hill, Don A. Rochester NY 54-06 Krieg, George E. Austin TX 55-06 McDole, Lloyd O. Marion IA 54-13 Larson Jr., Nils West Roxbury MA 55-06 Wrage, Everett A. Bellevue NE 55-02 LaValley, Albert G. Bernardstone MA 55-06 Hollier, Carroll E. Houston TX 55-06 Lehmann, William B. Unknown 55-06 Warren, Donald J. Yuba City CA 55-09 Looney, John E. Unknown IA 55-06 Tolman, Don B. Bountiful UT 56-00 Martin, Alton J. Lincoln MO 55-06 Langlais, John T. Minneapolis MN 56-01 Perry Jr., Parker D. Tucson AZ 55-06 Braden, Robert A. Fort Walton Beach FL 56-02 Schwartau, George F. Wichita Falls TX 55-06 Carrier, William L. Phoenix AZ 56-02 Thompson, James E. East Tawas MI 55-06 Conger, Myron C. San Antonio TX 56-02 Tilgham Jr., Cornelius A. J. Dover DE 55-06 Craton, Karl L. Saint Petersburg FL 56-02 Tradd, Ronald J. Swampscott MA 55-06 Firlds, William R. Midlothian VA 56-02 LeClercq, Francis K. Alexandria VA 55-09 Firth, Ben Savannah GA 56-02 Hubbard Jr., Edwin L. San Antonio TX 55-09? Kasper, Richard L. San Antonio TX 56-02 Smith, Donald L. Leander TX 55-11 Blazer, William R. Kingsport TN 56-11 Miller, Donald D. San Antonio TX 56-06 Allison, John C. Alexandria VA 56-13 Hoyle, John C. Potomac MD 56-16 Welling, Gordon L. Prattville AL 56-13 Carrington, William M. Bella Vista AR 56-18 Noyes, Ronald W. Bowie MD 56-19 Fisher, Charles W. Fort Walton Beach FL 56-18 McLaughlin, Paul G. O’Fallon IL 56-20 McGinn, John R. (Unknown) Unk 56-18 Witmer Jr., David P. Camp Hill PA 56-20 Oster, Charles R. Fort Worth TX 56-18 Conley, John L. Las Vegas NV 57-00 Peck, Victor H. Alexandria VA 56-18 Layton, Robert F. Denison KS 57-02 Smits, Darrel D. Marion IL 56-18 Bird Jr., Lewis L. Huntington Beach CA 57-15 Ulshafer, Paul M. Nuremberg PA 56-18 Lavoie, Robert P. Centerville OH 57-C O’Brien, Donald F. Princeton NJ 57-04 McKinney, Ivan L. Bossier City LA 58-01C Werkheiser Jr., Reynold Lower Nazareth TWP PA 57-04 Blainem, John S. Commerce TWP MI 58-06 Connolly, Joseph W. Beaver Creek OH 57-12 Owens, Gaylord G. Palm Bay FL 58-06 Simpson Jr., Robert L. Grants Pass OR 57-13 Hilgren, Victor D. Derby KS 58-12 Swiderski, Donald L. Ogden UT 57-13 Przybyla, Tadeusz P. Vienna VA 57-16 HARLINGEN Morgan, Leonard W. Merced CA 57-20 Wondrack, Walter M. Lawrence KS 53-02 Coutlakis, Gus J. Burke VA 58-01 Spohn, Robert J. Fredonia KS 53-07 Cochran, Robert W. Glasgow MT 58-02N Seward, Norman J. Albany OR 53-11 English, Robert E. Papillion NE 58-04 Deanhardt Jr., William J. Venice FL 53-12 Houck, Duane R. Gresham OR 58-06 Heinz, Robert G. Plymouth WI 53-12 Ohlemeier, Rex P. O’Fallon IL 58-06 Goodwin Jr., Albert J. Stillwater NY 53-19 Wagenfeld, Robert E. New York NY 58-06 DR AHEAD PAGE 14

Barrett, Paul H. Gainsville GA 58-07N Scheidler, Donald F. Gig Harbor WA 61-09 Huffaker, Charles M. Sun Lakes AZ 58-08N Zmuda, Paul J. Fair Oaks CA 61-10 Pruitt, Loren R. Saint Louis MO 58-08N DeVito, Donald A. Amsterdam NY 61-17 Donovan, John E. Tucson AZ 58-08C Cockerham, Lorris G. Little Rock AR 62-12 Hack Jr., Stanley C. Houston TX 58-08C Hills, Vernon S. Elmo MT 58-08C HONDO Huffman, Leon W. Perry GA 58-08C Totten, Gerald J. Cedar Springs MI 42-16 Lantz, Hilry J. Baton Rouge LA 58-08C Carney, John W. Sacramento CA 43-01 Schermerhorn Jr., John R. Rye NH 58-08C Schofield, George Camden DE 43-07 Sleeper, Edward B. S. Thomaston ME 58-08C Groesbeck, Carl A. Wheaton IL 43-09 McNarie, James R. Bandera TX 58-10 Bourgoin, Harold S. Bellevue WA 43-14 Brown, Kenneth G. Byron GA 58-13 Chee, Hon Ting Sacramento CA 43-14 Ryon Jr., William L. Springfield VA 58-13 Klein, Frank O. Sierra Vista AZ 43-14 Tinsley, Carl O. Topeka KS 59-03 Rose, Leo San Antonio TX 43-16 Davis, Rex L. Las Vegas NV 59-05 Acker, Jack E. Highlands CA 44-04 Latham, Whitt L. Gadsden AL 59-09 Compton, Roy L. Coupeville WA 44-09 McCluskey, Gerald R. Leavenworth KS 59-09 Brown, Clarence W. Denver CO 44-10 Pasanen, Ronald J. Houston TX 59-09 Scott, Daniel J. San Antonio TX 44-10 Egbert, Daniel J. Granite Bay CA 59-11 Yurchisin, Joseph Eagan MN 44-12 Lindberg, David C. Lakeport CA 59-11 Brawley, Hiram W. Colorado Springs CO 44-46 Waymire, Lester D. Camargo IL 59-16 Brevard, Henry C. Tupelo MS 44-46 Drews, Gerald F. Chelsea MA 59-18 Donaldson, Wilbur D. St. Paul MN 44-46 Hawkins, Michael W. Medford OR 59-18 Tissue, Oscar C. Clinton MS 45-15 Hester, Gilbert W. Riverside CA 59-18 Cornish, David O. New Britain CT 45-415 Lucas, Roland G. Yountville CA 59-18 Goldman, Erwin R. North Bergen NJ 45-415 Mason, William L. Harbor WA 59-18 Monsell, Robert L. Boulder City NV 59-18 JAMES CONNALLY Brooks, Kent Dallas TX 60-07 Doty, Jack E. Phoenix AZ 52-09 Iwersen Jr., Alfred Littleton NC 60-07 Janssen, Leslie W. Victoria TX 52-09 Krotik, Alexander E. Winton CA 60-07 Taylor, Paul A. Mayhill NM 52-09 Senft, Charles T. Dundalk MD 60-07 Meadowcroft, William J. Jackson MI 52-19 Strange, John B. Greeneville TN 60-07 O’Sullivan, Patrick F. Lithonia GA 52-19 Taylor, Lawrence H. Weslaco TX 60-07 Phelps, Jerry A. Tucson AZ 52-19 Voge, Dale W. Deer Creek MN 60-07 Sessions, William S. San Antonio TX 52-20 Bell, Douglas E. Muscle Shoals AL 60-09 Keppeler, James J. Brookfield WI 52-29 Kohn, David B. Grandfalls TX 60-09 Benson, Robert C. Summerfield FL 53-07 Lafferty, David K. Smartsville CA 60-09 Harkins, William J. Trinidad CA 53-10 Zellers, Albert S. Columbus OH 60-09 Grace, Judd H. Hamilton NJ 53-20 Hartley, Richard W. North Las Vegas NV 60-12 Cole, Leslie L. Bend OR 54-05 Sulava, John F. Somerville MA 60-15 LaRuffa Jr., August J. Port Jefferson NY 54-06 Harry Jr., William T. Salem VA 60-16 Watson, Kenneth W. Fort Worth TX 54-07 Moraczewski, Adam D. Grosse Pointe MI 60-19 Trotman, Bruce D. Colorado Springs CO 54-09 Tisdale, Alvan R. Webb City MO 60-19 Cotten, Robert C. Jacksonville AR 54-16 Warren, Dorman M. Granbury TX 60-19 Yonemoto, James T. Garden Grove CA 54-16 Brakeley, Peter W. Scotch Plains NJ 61-01 Coble, Donald D. Hampton GA 54-19 Percival, Garry L. Ocean Springs MS 61-01 Clay, Cassius C. Sheridan WY 54-WN Bryant Jr., William F. Cumming GA 61-02 Closner, Wally R. Fort Worth TX 54-YN Butler, Phillip M. Thermal CA 61-02 Loeb, Dr. Richard H. Springfield MO 55-BN Leding, John L. Fort Smith AR 61-02 Crooks, Stephen D. Willis TX 55-CN Snyder, Walter E. Cozad NE 61-02 Bechtel, Ivan W. Warren OH 58-08 Hampton, Floyd W. Henderson NV 61-03 Edwards, John R. Huber Heights OH 58-08 Housand Jr., Jonathan W. Elkhart IN 61-04 Kenney, James T. Sacramento CA 58-08 Richmond, George W. Dublin CA 61-07 Mathis, Don H. Rathdrum ID 58-08 Bailey, Gordon D. San Antonio TX 61-08 Pellissier, Rino L. West Chester PA 58-08 DR AHEAD PAGE 15

Doerzbacher, Ralph E. Saint Paris OH 58-10 Lees, Gale W. Scotia NY 43-09 Rambo, Larry D. Riverside CA 59-14 Weir, Richard H. San Antonio TX 43-09 Nichols, Ronald D. Fort Worth TX 60-01 Kranzler, Sol S. Roslyn NY 43-10 Mitchell, George R. Dothan AL 60-04 Klingensmith, Russell S.Camp Hill PA 43-11 Canale, Richard A. Beamont CA 60-07 Brown, Russell A. Monroe LA 43-12 Daniels, Frederick J. Goodyear AZ 60-22 Anderson, Edmund G. Summit NJ 43-13 Bohmfalk, Frederick H. Fair Oaks CA 61-01 Washburn, William F. W Palm Beach FL 43-13 Miles, Richard P. Carrollton GA 63-01 Berryhill, Ronald W. Hughson CA 43-14 Miley, Robert T. New Castle DE 63-02 Brennan, William J. Cleveland OH 43-14 Lesko, Kenneth A. Las Vegas NV 63-06 Dick, James L. Albuquerque NM 43-14 Mitchell, Kermit G. Dallas TX 63-06 Wethy, Roy B. Miami FL 43-15 Farmer, James L. Fort Worth TX 63-10 Zurbritsky, Michael Charleroi PA 43-15 Turner, James S. San Antonio TX 63-10 Burns, Clifton W. Grayson LA 43-17 Tippin Jr., Clifford O. Glendale OR 63-14 Telson, Albert T. Orlando FL 43-17 McKelvey, David A. Indianapolis IN 63-19 Kirmayer, Leo J. Stamford CT 44-01 Murdock, Ronald D. Yuba City CA 63-20 Feldman, Joseph H. East Meadow NY 44-02 Pfleeger, Stephen F. St Louis MO 63-21 Burns, James F. Coral MI 44-03 Richardson, Don P. Rancho Cordova CA 63-21 Handren, James W. Smithfield RI 44-05 Meehan, Dallace L. Lady Lake FL 63-22 Markowitz, Israel B. Boulder CO 44-05 Dunn, Robert J. DePue IL 64-04 Vogelfand, Stanley Houston TX 44-05 Lightfoot, Gordon W. Knoxville IA 64-15 Johnson, Ellsworth P. Reddings CT 44-08 Miller, Carter S. Blaine WA 64-16 Tallett, John H. Indian Wells CA 44-08 Jenney, David L. Beaufort SC 64-18 Xenelis, Strato N. Cranford NJ 44-08 Titlow Jr., Robert A. Indianapolis IN 64-18 Fitzgerald, John R. Media PA 44-09 Newman, Hartley S. Hampton VA 65-07 Hyde, Edward R. Wilton CT 44-09 Klappenbach, David H. Georgetown CA 65-09 Lumbye Jr., Paul F. Board Run VA 44-09 Conner, William L. Shalimar FL 65-15 Calllahan, Thomas Marblehead MA 44-10 Underwood Jr., Ellie B. Abilene TX 65-15 Ford, Robert L. Monroe LA 44-10 Gainey, John F. Fort Worth TX 66-01 Gustaveson, Paul M. Wooster OH 44-11 Carr, Philip T. Georgetown TX 66-03 Kernan Jr., Peter J. Notre Dame IN 44-11 O’Malley, Peter F. Charleston SC 66-07 Klingsberg, Dr. Jules Lake Worth FL 44-11 Lewis, Walter G. Muscle Shoals AL 66-09 Pecoy, Charles J. Greer SC 44-11 Foster Jr., John C. Bangor ME 66-10 Thomas, Keith New Port Richey FL 44-11 Branch III, Robert C. Newport News VA 66-15 Wolf, Robert A. Munhall PA 44-11 Pena Jr., Ernesto Mission TX 66-15 Davidian, Davis B. West Yarmouth MA 44-12 Rohe, William D. Mount Pleasant SC 44-14 MATHER Castater, John W. San Diego CA 44-15 Trenkle, Phillip B. Pearland TX 41-00 Kardyus, Wallace Ransomville NY 44-15 Chenoweth, Charles H. Santa Maria CA 42-09 Shreffler, Gale O. Pittsburgh PA 44-15 Breslin, Francis J. Annandale VA 48-B Thomas, George J. San Antonio TX 45 00 Viani, Joseph L. Tampa FL 52-00 Braunstein, Rubin R. Brooklyn NY 45-03 Williams, Leland H. New Carlisle OH 52-00 Claffey, Kenneth E. Brookfield WI 45-07N Smith, James E. Princeton NC 53-00 Power, John R. Fort Walton Beach FL 45-07N Edmundson, Carlyle Cary NC 53-Y Cater, Carl H. Greensburg PA 45-125N Troop, Richard W. Shalimar FL 54-00 Norwood, Walter E. Macon GA 45-14N Clemen, John D. Montvale NJ 67-20 Spink, Ralph M. Westcliffe CO 45-235 Taylor, Robert P. Little Rock AR 45-325 SELMAN Studak, Joseph W. Webster TX 45-445 Wheeler, Richard F. Clemson SC 42-14 Connelie, William G. Sag Harbor NY 43-02 SAN MARCOS Garver, Edwin G. Evergreen Park IL 43-02 Maddock, Lawrence R. West Kingston RI 43-16 Cooper, Alfred Swampscott MA 43-07 McCallum, Robert D. Fallon NV 43-17 Gmeinder, Henry J. Madison WI 43-08 Fales, John T. New Smyrna FL 43-18 Jones, Carl R. Muskogee OK 43-09 ********* THE AIR FORCE NAVIGATORS OBSERVERS ASSOCIATION 4109 Timberlane PRSRT STANDARD Enid, OK 73703-2825 U.S. POSTAGE PAID PERMIT 182 Change service requested FROM ZIP CODE 32548

THE AFNOA BOARD & OPERATING COMMITTEES Immediate Past President Phillip D. Barber President John D. Bridges 8120 Poplarwood Lane 242 Jamar Drive Nashville, TN 37221-4678 Weatherford, TX 76088-2212 615-310-9004 [email protected] 817-694-9811 [email protected] Past President, Historian, Museum Committee 1st Vice-President, Membership, James Connally Affairs Ronald P. Barrett James R. Faulkner 1406 South Lexington 4109 Timberlane Holden, MO 64040-1636 Enid, OK 73703-2825 305-797-0745 [email protected] 580-242-0526 [email protected] Distributor & Electronic Distributor, DR AHEAD 2nd Vice-President Leon Poteet Errol Hoberman 203 Wagon Way 6441 Avenida De Galvez Bastrop, Texas 78602-3669 Navarre, FL 32566-8911 512-985-6277 [email protected] 850-939-5231 [email protected] Secretary Gene R. Hollrah Editor, DR AHEAD 5508 Pheasant Run Drive Richard W. Ahrens Enid, OK 73703-2720 43300 Little River Airport Road #79 580-234-9586 [email protected] Little River, CA 95456-9612 Treasurer Leonard T. Melcher 707-937-4242 [email protected] 103 Steel Valley Drive Chaplain Boerne, TX 78006-7019 John T. Massey 512-296-5209 [email protected] 6810 Rosewood Court Active Duty Member Tampa, FL 33615-3318 Maj Sean T. Leuschen 813-886-1938 [email protected] 520 Turner Street NMUSAF Museum Committee Pensacola, FL 32506 Sostenes Suazo 814-440-5956 [email protected] 541 Riverwood Drive Web Master for www.afnoa.org Beaverbrook, OH 45430-1645 Tim Duerson [email protected] 937-431-8542 [email protected]