Physics and QCD

Short Baseline QCD

CERN West Area Neutrino Facility Calorimeter mmon uon roton pparatus for tructure & pectroscopy BCT1 SEMs Al Collimator Reflector Pits CHORUS CO M P A S S Decay spectrometer BCT2 Horn Tunnel Earth Nucleon Structure • Gluon polarization DG/G ( asymmetry in open charm production ) • Polarized (frozen spin) target Be Target • Polarized muon beam: 108 µ / sec 450 GeV/c TDX collimator Iron Shield NOMAD

Hadron Spectroscopy • Production & decay properties of charmed particles Fiducial area 2.6m x 2.6m (semi-leptonic decay widths, branching fractions) • Spectroscopy of gluonic systems in central production Muon spectrometer • 7 Emulsion + • 5 10 protons () / sec νµ Fiber tracker Data rates: 100 kHz → Online Filter → 35 MB/sec Data taking: Start 1999 νµ νe The CHORUS detector ν e Muon

Neutrinos/3GeV/10**9 p.o.t. Chambers ECAL1 Neutrino Energy (GeV) Front Dipole Magnet TRD Muon Setup µ Calorimeter Modules Preshower HCAL1 -wall 2 Polarized 3 3 Fe HCAL2 10 10 µ-wall 1 V8 Target ECAL2 Fe

CCFR SM1-M CHORUS NOMAD Neutrino 10 2 CCFR Beam RICH 1 SM2 2 CHORUS NOMAD E531 interchangeable E531 10 RICH 2 Target

10

SM1-H 10 Bugey

1 Silicon Common setup for muon and hadron programme Veto Planes Trigger Planes Detectors CDHS 1 metre SciFi MWPC Muon Chamber Electromagnetic Hadronic Hadron Setup Straw Chamber Drift chambers MSGC -1 Drift Chambers 10 1 Calorimeter Calorimeter -2 -1 -4 -3 -2 -1 10 10 10 10 1 10 10 1

The present limits The NOMAD detector COMPASS

Long Baseline - Planning for the Future The Long-baseline accelerator neutrino experiments can have access to the oscillation parameters which are claimed by the Super-Kamiokande Collaboration ( ∆m2 ~10-2 - 10-3 e V2 and sin22θ > 0.8 ).

Altitude BA4 (m) (SPS) Route de Mategnin Point 8 450 PGCN Ferney-Voltaire Airport PGC8 LSS4 MORAINE SPS

400 Tunnel TI8 (3,5%)

Junction TI8-LSS4 Junction TI8-LEP Target (5,6%) 350 Point 8 LEP MOLASSE LEP/LHC tunnel

300 to Gran Sasso

0 0,5 km 1 km 1,5 km 2 km 2,5 km 3 km Neutrino beam from CERN to Gran Sasso

Number of independent containers = 2 Single container Internal Dimensions: Length = 19.6 m , Width = 3.9 m , Height = 4.2 m Total (cold) Internal Volume = 534 m µ spectrometer Sensitive LAr mass = 476 ton Signal feedthroughs Pb/Emulsion Electronic Trackers Number of wires chambers = 4 Readout planes / chamber = 3 at 0° , ± 60° from horizontal Maximum drift = 1.5 m Operating field = 500 V / cm Maximum drift time ≈ 1 ms Wires pitch = 3 mm @€À Total number of channels = 58368 @@@@€€€€ÀÀÀÀ

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@@@@€€€€ÀÀÀÀ External insulation layer (400 mm) 2 independent aluminum containers each one transportable inside the GS LN2 cooling circuit Laboratory Emulsion

automatic microscope 10 3 reconstruction by hardware TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGE video processor CHORUS NOMAD CCFR TO VIDEO PROCESSOR 10 2 10 E531 Pb ES1 ES2 Pb

10 - µ,- - 1 τ- e, h

1 ν τ -1 10 CDHS -1 10

-2 10 -2 Super-Kamiokande 10

-3 3000 µm 200 µm 10 -3 10 OPERA-ICARUS 1000 50 200 50 (µm) frame (formed by

-4 -4 adjacent views) 10 10 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 -4 -3 -2 -1 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 1 emulsion track (matching grains) Tau neutrino detection ICARUS event Projected Sensitivities Super Synchrotron