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To All Our Valued Customers for the Most Successful Auction Sales The Gross Amount Sold - $3,639.053.00 Vol. 20, No. 5 Inside The Celator® ... May 2006 Consecutive Issue No. 227 FEATURES
6 Faces of Empire - Part VI Crisis to Recovery: Trajan Decius to Con AssociaIe Editoo; stantine the Great, 250 to 325 Robert L. Black by Cornelius Vermeule MkhoeIILM_ Page 6 24 Distinctive Features of Kushan Coins For_ ...... From Part II UII7 to May 1999_ by David Jongeward Wayne Sayles [email protected] 38 A Delta Tigress by Jim Phelps An: PameU Nelson DEPARTMENTS Maps & Graphic An: KeIIDy Grady Page 24 2 Editor's Note - Coming Next Month P.o. .. 10607 1M1cIIIIIr, M 17805 4 Letters to the Editor lIUFlX: 717~7 For FectEx & UPS deliveries: 32 People in the News - lOroUlrs in Jlumismatits Kerry K. Wetterstrom 87 Apricot Ave 33 Art and the Market Leola, PA 17540·1788 34 _.ceIator.com C ELTIC NEWS by Chris Audd The CBImor (ISSN .1C)48.0986) 36 Coming Events is an Independent jOurnal pub lished on the flret cs.y of each 41 ANTIQ!) ITlES by David Liebert Page 38 monfI at 87 Apricot A\/8, leola, PA 17540· 1788." lleirculMedin lamallof'lally Ihrough subscrip 42 !!Coi ns of tbe l§iblc by David Hendin tions and spacial distributions. About the cover: Subscription ralae. payable In 44 The Internet Conn ection U. S.lunds, are $30 pery&ar (Pe A black-stone head of riOdical rate) wilhin the Unitad by Kevin Barry & Zachary "Beast" Beasley the emperor Diocletian, Stat": $36 to Canada: $60 PEN" founder of the Tetrarc hy, year to aI 0Itler addresses (lSAl). 45 Cfhrough the Cooking glass AdvertlIing aM copy deadline is ca. 300 AD from Egypt the llral worIIday of each month. by Wayne G. Sayles (Photo courtesy of the UntOIlChad Irtic:Ias aM news ra Worcester Art Museum, lalsas are welcome, however 46 Cartoon Worcester, Massachu· publicallon cannol be guaran· teed. Unless eltpt"easly stated, setts, Museum pur· The CNtot neither endorses nor 47 Professional Directory chase, 1974.297). Is responsible for the contaIl1s of advertisements, letters·to·the· 54 Club & SOCiety Directory editor. laature arbcles. regular ooIumns aM pres$ releases In its 55 Classifieds - Index of Advertisers pages, Including any opinions The Celator office stalecllt\ereln, and Ihe accuracy will be closed on of any data provided by its con· May 4-8, May 22-29 trlbutors. Periodical postage paid (USPS 1006(77) Lancasler, PA an \[.Ivz Cel4tO'l is tttlJ11ed to'l tl1td dediCtlted to the coltt di£-ett5Mvl?fls 0-6 AAtUjuit~ ",hose aH temaitts as po",ettul attd appealitt'j toda'f as itt theit o"'tt time. 2 The Celator Ponterio & Associates, Inc. is now accepting consignments for future Auctions b o th Public & Mail Bid Sales Whether you have an important single coin or a lifetime collection, we are the auction professionals for you. For more information, please contact our office. PONTERIO & ASSOCIATES 1818 Robinson Ave., San Diego, CA 92103 ~ N G 800-854-2888 or 619-299-0400 --.--P.N.O. #308 Fax 619-299-6952; E-mail: [email protected] www.ponterio.com Licensed Auctioll Company #968 II!IIBU Richard H. Ponterio - President LM .•2163 May2006 3 terred. In particular, he writes about a lermined by the formula, v=rIlh, where coin's Specific Gravity. He delines Spe h is the height (thickness) of the cylin cific Gravity as, M... th e density of a sub der, and r is the radius of the coin. So stance ....• Thai definition is accurate, the volume of the cylinder (coin) is r ho but for those who want to kn ow just a But a coin is not a cylinder. Or is it? If little more, Specific Gravity is in fact the the coin were 'idealized', then it would ratio of the density of a given material be a very, very short cylinder! (e.g. a co in) to the density of water. Ancient coins however are NOT However, since th e density of water it perfect, if short, cylinders. They have self is th e 'unit measure' against which images, obverses and reverses, and "Hats off to Parnell" the ratio is determ ined; that is, it is al there is nothing of the flat planes that ways M1", then the densily 01 any ma would be the top and bottom of a real M last, at long last, a really funny terial over the density of water, will BE cylinder. But even if they were perfect CMoon in The Celator(January 2006) the density of that material! (In fact, cylinders, it would require extre mely about why Caesar crossed the Rubicon French scientis ts determined the accurate measurements to several when he did. Please ask fo r more car weight of a gram in 1791 as the weight decimal places to accurately determine toons from the "Sometimes history is of a cub ic centimeter of water that is the coi n's volume, and that is beyond made by accident departmene Hats off 'near freezing'.) the capability of simple measuring cali to Mr. Parnell Nelson. Mr. Lueke wrote th at he determined pers. Th us, we turn to the olher way Frederick A. Liberatore the Specific Gravity of a number of one could determine th e den sity of a N. Billerica, Masschusetts coin s but he didn't exactl y say how he coi n; Specific Gravity. This method of determined the Specific Gravity. He determining an objects comparative Reader Provides Further mentioned using scales and dipping density stems from Archimedes' Prin g ••• 1500 year old coins into plastic cups ciple. This principle, called the 'Golden Details on Specific Gravity filled with distilled water.~ But what ex· Crown' or 'King's Crown' meth od, says actly was he doing? Ihat a body immersed in water is Thanks so much to Jorg Lueke for There are two ways he 'could' have buoyed up by a force equal to the vol his excellent article, "Metrology - Get determined the density of his coins. He ume of the water it displaces. So it gets ting to Know Your Coins ~ in the Febru could have done so directly without ary 2006 issue! His self-acknowledged, 'lighter" equal to how much water it dis resorting to determining the Spec ific places. If we measure the weight of the nearly compulsive desire to 'measure Gravity. To do that he could have used coi n both in the air and wh en sub and weigh' (the discovery of which, co· the formula d=mlv, or density = massl merged, the difference will allow us to incidentall y, is mentioned in David vo lume, that is, dividing the mass know the weight of water it is displac Hendin's MCoins of the Bible" column (weight) of the coin by the volume of ing, and since the density of water is 1 in the same issue as two of the top four -... basic inventions ... " that changed the coin . The mass, or weight (weight, gram per cubic centimeter, we just note and mass are not th e same thing but ..... society) is perhaps stronger in those how many grams of water have been can, lor practical pu rposes, be as displaced to get the volume of the wa of us who desire to do both COllecting sumed to be there same here) can be te r. And the volume of the wa ter dis and cataloguing. Doing a thorough job determined readily using a digital scale. placed is exaclly equal 10 the vo.lu me of cataloguing and gaining the knowl Determining the volume through direct of the coi n! To find the density of th e edge and insig ht that comes with that physical measurement is easy if the is also fundamental to science. I ap coin we could do a simple d=w!v cal shape of the object is a simple geomet· plaud Jorg Lu eke's dedication and en cu lation but we don't even need to do ric form such as, say, a cylinder. In that that. In determining the weight of the thusiasm! case, he could use a standard caliper· coin in air minus its weight in water, that His article did what most good ar· measuring device 10 determine the vol· not only gives us the weight (and thus ticles do; it generated a desire to learn ume of the cylinder by measuring th e the volume) of the water displaced by more about its subject, in this case, radius and height (or thickness of the metrology: specifically, the measuring coin). The volume could be simply de· and weighing methods to which he re- Please tllm to page 4Q .... What do you know about the first kings in England? IV,.", .. \ il.f,,;<; In exclusive series of articles, publ ished only by Chris Rudd, arChaeologist Dr Phil ip de Jersey ""... , '" r "~~ "~tu~. reveals new insights into the firs t known kings in England and thcir coins. Isn't it time you fou nd ... " ~ ~ out marc about Ancient British coins? From £20 to £2,000. All guarantced genuine or double your '~1!'I." · ~1" \" moncy back. As k for a free cataloguc. Chris Rudd, PO Box 222, Aylsham, Norfolk GB-NRll 6TY. ',".,: ...:: .":"'" . ''' Tel (44) 1263 735 007. Fax (44) 1263 731 777. Emai/[email protected] w id _"or" of AoJokdo",aro.>, "',. of I~ /irsl ""1:$ '" /I,"'oi" I~ pluc~ ~i, n""", on ",IIll. fI< www.celticcoins.com ""(ISItI"K "'''''C''M~II""", Chris Rudd 4 The Celator Pegasi NUMISMATICS Ann Arbor, Ml Holicong, PA YLuction Xlo/ Complimentary Copy Upon Request "Quality Coins for Discriminating Collectors" Pegasi !JI(pmismatics POBox 131040 Phone: (734) 995-5743 Ann Arbor MI 48113 Fax: (734) 995-3410 Visit us on the Web at: www.PegasiOnline.com Our full-selVice searchable Web site of ancient and medieval coins, antiquities and books for sale; historical information; historical and numismatic articles; maps; photo archive; and a user forum: Full Service Web Site Now Open. May2006 5 FACES OF EMPIRE (JULIUS CAESAR TO JUSTINIAN) by Cornelius Vermeule This is Part VI of an Eleven-Part Series PART VI CRISIS TO RECOVERY: TRAJAN DECIUS TO CONSTANTINE THE GREAT 250 TO 325 INTRODUCTION Figure l-Trajan Decius, 249 fO 250AD, double sestertius struck ill Rome (Photo courtesy of Museum of Fine Arts, BOStOIl, In the ages of Augustus, the Ju lio Centennial gift, 69.58). Ciaudians, the Flavians, Trajan, Hadri an, the Anlonines, and the Scverans, there was, generally speaking, no lack umphal monuments reappeared in Rome, greatest expansionist, to wit Trajan of monumental portraits in marble and Thessalonike, Nicaea, and Ephesus. Decius (249 to 251). Furthermore, bronze. Coins, as always in imperial Constantine the Great completed the Decius perished with his legions fight Rome, confirm identifications made visual recovery, symbolized best by his ing the Goths in the marshes of Moesia, when the mute stones speak, inscriptions Arch near the Colosseum in Rome. Before marching out ofItaly to his final on buildings and pedestals for statues. While Rome has yielded a variety of his battle, he had time to issue splendid In the seventy-five years from the Mil monumental icons, Constantinopolis has coins to celebrate the first thousand years lennium of Rome to the foundation of offered many memories but few, non (Fig. l). Portraits of his wife, Herennia Constantinopolis, the New Rome on the numismatic visual traces from his reign Etruseilla, and their two sons are also en Bosporus, monumental portraits became (306 to 325 and 325 or 330 to 337 in his graved in the numismatic repertory. notably fewer, and coins often provide new metropolis). His successors cherished His successor, Trebonianus Gallus the only iconographic evidence. his deeds, and thus he appears in the mo (251 to 253), looks down on us from a The absence of imperial faces in mar saics of Hagia Sophia as the founder of large bronze statue standing in the he ble or bronze has nothing to do with de the new Capitol of Christianity. For these roic nude, now in New York (Fig. 2). sire. Coins are proof that images could be reasons he, and his mother Helena, are His closely trimmed pin-head is a shock produced rapidly and circulated widely, Saints in the Eastern Church. ing contrast with the broad-chested, from Spain to Syria. Emperors who spent somewhat disjointed body, arms in Jo their reigns, often brief in time, fighting IMPERIAL CRASH & PARTIAL vian pose and booted legs. Following barbarians or rival claimants to the purple RECOVERY: TRAJAN DECIUS Gallus and his son, Volusian, came an had little time to think about triumphal TO CONSTANTINE aged nobleman, Valerian (253 to 260), arches or statues in an urban location. unfortunately tricked into captivity by Things improved with imperial reorgani Ironic it is that celebrations of the revived Persians on the Syrian-Me zation under Diocletian (284 to 305) and Rome's mitlennium should be conclud sopotamian frontiers. His son and co his three colleagues in the Tetrarchy. Tri- ed under an emperor named after the Augustus, Gallienus (253 to 260 to 268), wanted to read and study philosophy in the Palatine and Forum areas, but he was obliged to scurry from revolt to invasion, from barbarian confronta Ancient Coins tion s to regional breakaways, in hero ~ • Mail Bid Sales Villi 0111 In/nllet 11Il' at ic efforts to keep the Empire from self vZ • Fixed Price Lists " wu,rosenhlumcoins.CODl destructing (Fig. 3). ~ • Buy or Bid Sales Portraits of Trajan Decius and Tre .~ • Numismatic Literature bonianus Gallus intensify the contrasts • between lined, wrinkled, veristic faces Specializing in moderate priced judaean coins and hair which is picked-out, not mod (serious want-lists solicited) eled, and lies like a cap around the face. The beards are similarly shown, strands William M. Rosenblum /rare coins of hair present in earlier veristic impe p.O. box 355-CE, evergreen, colo. 80437-0355 rial portrayals now severely eliminated. phone 303--838--4831; 910-8245· fax 838·1213· [email protected] 6 The Gelato( The Miinzen ond Medaillen Companies 1942-2006 For 64 years our legacy has been to serve the collector of Ancient, Medieval & Modern Coins ... and we would like to serve you too! • Quarterly Illustrated Fixed Price Lists' • Public Sales' Appraisals' Buying and Selling' • Large Stock in All Price Ranges' ( Please send us your want list. We will fill it! ) Three offices to serve you: Miinzen und Medaillen GmbH Postfach 2245 D-79557 Weil, Germany Telephone: (011) 49 76 2148560· Fax: (OIl) 49 76 2148529 M&M Numismatics, Ltd. PO. Box 65908, Washington, D.C. 20035 USA Telephone: (202) 833-3770' Fax: (202) 429-5275 ACAMA - Antike Miinzkunst Dr. Hans VoegtJi Malzgasse 25 Postfach CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland Telephone: (OIl) 4161272 75 44' Fax: (011) 4161272 75 14 May 2006 7 These men were first and fore most soldiers, and their portraits show concerns common to their positions ~ staying in command, defending the Empire, and, per haps most of all, protecting their backs from aggressive barbari ans and would-be successors among the officers . Publius Licinius Valerianus, another reluctant military leader, appears on medallions and coins with hair befitting a Roman who knew his way around the Forum and the Senate House. After the Sasanians (the neo-Persians) marched through Syria into Asia Minor and after Valerian's trip into captivity, his son Gallienus was forced to put aside the writ ings of Porphyry and Plotinus for the banner and the sword of a master and commander. His portraits, however, continued to pay tribute to h is career as a wou ld-be philosopher. He had his hair combed over and around his brow, and enough of a beard to make him no strang Figure 2- Trebonianlls Callus, ca. 252 AD, from Rome (Photo courtesy of The Metropolitan er at a symposium of philoso phers fro m Asia Minor. Museum of Art, New York, Rogers Fund, 1905, 05.30). One of the keys to Gall ienus' appearance was often a heaven gazing look, expressive eyes turned sideways and upwards in search of a new form of Plato's teachings and FRANK L. KOVACS of inspiration from Sol InviclUs, the un conquered, invincible Sun. Increasing Ancient Coins & Antiqui ties ly, as the 260's became the 270's, He lios-Sol, rising in the East where so many had fought and won, became a leader in the divine pantheon of Roman www.frankkovacs.com visual inspiration. The first Christian Emperor, Constanti ne the Great (306 to 337) was to take up the heaven-gaz and now additional coins also at ing look again and turn it into the Vi sion of the Cross and its command in www.vcoins.comlfrankkovacs the sky, In hoc signa vinces. Constan tine's founding of the city named af tcr himself, the New Rome on the Speciali zing over 30 years in Greek and Roman coins Bosporus in 325 to 330, was a com pletion of the break with the past that had begun in the fragile and fragment ed Empire of Gallienus. Advanced collectors especially will benefit The intellectual image of Gallienus as a ruler of decision and action suffered from my expertise and resources mightily from the pens in the hands of Constantine's court writers, propagan da to make their own benefactor look better by making Gallienus look evil and [email protected] (4 15) 945-99 16 ineffectual. The truth is that Gallienus moved rapidly from province to prov fax (4 15) 945-99 16 ince in the Latin West saving what he P.O. Box 7 150 · Corte Madera, Californi a 94976 could for Rome, while breakaway rul- 8 The Gelator Want Your Ancient Coins Graded Authenticated and Encapsulated? Well, here's all you need! In addition to grading, authenticating and encapsulating your ancient coins, leG will attribute your coins. The attributions will include: 1 • Approximate date I dole ran ge • Issuing empire, city or region J • Denomination • Ruler or authority • Metal type • Weighl (if space is available) Please photocopy this fonn and send It with your coins Yia USPS Registered mali to: INDEPENDENT" leG . 7901 East Belleview Avenue, Suite 50 • Englewood, CO. 80111 COIN GRADING C O)'(PAN Y INSTRUCTIONS: (Please follow exacUyor If )'Ou haw question call1CG toll.free 877-221.4424) InvoiceN assigned Address City Date Rece Ive d State Zip+4 _ _ -,--__ Phone ______Verified Fax Emai l 1# Coins in box LI~ Q UaIl- Date Mint Denomination MS or COWltry or Variety I Attribution Estimated " If)Ou need more space, Simply pho1ocopy this form as many times as needed. Payment Worlcsheet Payment Worksheet Payment Worksheet Payment Worksheet OlE lER OF SUBIIISSIDII PER IINUICE ,,"CIEIIlS or WDRIJ) x 0 l-DAY $JOO 1# of coin. fee per coin 0 S-DAY x s, _ ____ O, '50 lmereept f"ec 0 I S-DAY 0 Econmly Gold '" X $5 • $, _____ (c) optional '30 1# ofcOlllll for ~anety. attribut Ion £ee - 0 Economy Non-Gold '20 Attribul ionI variety Return regi$ttred postage. lnsurarw:e. lnlen:ept box (valued II $1 S). $ $24 Orders can not be processed unless Packlguti & handling (Flat rat.e per order. This cover. only the COil. of returning the coins payment is inCluded wlt.h the order. To you.. yO\! "'" respotl$ible for .endtnll yo ... COlltS lItSured 10 ICO) TQTA L 1NVQ1CE (a+b + c + d) s,_____ ,., FOR MORE INFORMATION J am piI)'IIIi by- Cl Check enclosed Cl Mooey order enclosed Cl Mastercard Cl VISA Cl AMEX Call PAUL DEFELICE toll-free STI-221-44201 aoo FAX 303-221-5:5201 cuswmersat.\[email protected] May2006 9 ers stabilized Gaul (Postumus) and Syr Cilludius the Second, known as Goth ia (Zenobia). The hero without song. icus. won a great victory ovcr and took Gallienus, fell. in turn. to a minor, his tille from the formidable nmion of ephemeral Emperor in the Northeast b:.rbarians pressing into the Empire from Very fortunately, a gene ral named Clau the northeast. Claudius consolidated dius (268 (0270) defeated the Goths and what he could in hi s short reign. He died came forward to rescue Rome. Ital y, and in 270. his brother Quintill us shortly af more (Fig. 4) . There would be more ter him. but another strong soldier, Au shocks under Aurelianus (270 to 275). reHan (270 to 275), rose to the pu r who had to build a great wall around pl e an d broughl both Gaul and Syria Rome and march into Syria to bring back into the Empire, bringing Zenobia Zenobia's Pal myra back into the Empire. in triumph to Rome. Reliabl e portraits o f Claudius II CLAumus II - TRANSITION TO (and of Aurelian) exist only on Roman IMPERIAL STABIL ITY impe rial coins and medallions. In the first instance. a group of large, gold Marcus Aurelius Claudius was no· medallions or multiple aurei show Ihe body like the two great imperial names new Claudius as he wished to be seen. he bore. He was not a nob le imperial all military, all concerned with ru le philosopher tu rned reluctant field com over and support from the legions (Fig . mander. He was not a handicapped hi s 4), l1 e appears as an animated bust. torian caught up in the later events and face 1.n profile. a wreath on the head intrigues of a wide fam ily going back to and a rich. ceremoni al cui rass with the Ju li us Caesar, Mark Antony. Augustus, aegis (goatskin) of Minerva and Jupi and Agrippa. When Gall ienus was mur Figllre 3-Gtllliellus, ca. 25810 260 AD. ter on the left shou lder. His fea tures dered in the summer of 268. Claud ius f rom o.ttill (Photo courte.5y of Smill! are sharp. with a pointed chin. mani W:15 made Emperor ovcr the remaining College MuseulII of An. NorthamplOl/. festl y the view of one who had to look core of the Empire. Britain. Gaul. and Massacllllselts. Pll rclw .~ed. 49:13). everyw here 10 defend an Empire tak the Rh ine fron ticr were contro ll ed by the en apart by bad leadership and barb.tr dynasty of Postumus (260 10 268). The family of Zenobia. Queen of Palmyra, iun pre s~ urcs. Hair and beard are Easl. from lhe ends of Asia Minor to on thc Syrian trade !"Oute to Mesopota somewhat more than just picked-oul Egy pt, was being administered by the mia and beyond. incisions, probably the influence of Gallienus, and his moustache is more formidable. more impressive than any such growth from the upper lip si nce Septimius Severns following the An ANTIQUA INC. ton inc f:lshions. The reverses of these big gold me • Speciali zi ng in ancieIH art and numis dallions fea tu re a disjoi nled, un·clas· sical female standing, hold ing the lc matics wi th an emphasis on quality, gio nary standards, and an inscription rarity, and desirability appropriate to the aspirations of this so ldier Claudius. CONCORD IA EX • Over 25 years of profess ional expertise ERClTVS. Concord or union and har mony with the army. These rich and • Regular and acti ve presence in the unusua l numisma tic productions must international marketplace ha ve been used to pay rivals. impress subordinates, or buy off barbarians. as • Fully illustrated catalogues featu ring was a standard praelice in the late carefull y selected material Fourth Centu ry AD. We know of these gold medallions because a group was • Representation fo r serious coll ectors found in Gaul, where Claudius mi ght at all maj or intern ati onal aucti on sal es have subsidized the breakaway impe rium of Postumus and successors • Appraisals, market adv ice, li quidation while he was trying to restore the advice and professional courtesy to all heartland. interested parti es NUMERlAN, TYRANTS' • Visit our web site: Antiquainc.com TWILIGHT Afully illustrated catalogue sent upon request The last Caesar, briefly an Augus tus, before the successive Tetrarchs, 20969 VENTURA BLVD., SUITE #11 TEL: 8 18-88 7-00 11 was Marcus Aurelius Numcrianus. also WOODlAND HILLS, CA 91364 FAX: 8 18-887-0069 bearer of a great philosopher-Em per- 10 The Gelator .YOU HAVE DE CIDED TO CONCENTR..ATE ON THE CO INS OF THE ANCIENT WOR..LD. Your first stop? HeritageAuctions.com Thinking of collecting denari;? Visit our Permanent Auction Archives at HeritogeAuclions.com/ Co ins, and searclJ for the word "denarius.'" View our incredible rul/-color enlargeable photograph s, superlative cataloging, and impressive prices realized for nearly a thousand lots. Or maybe you are interested in the many Greek city-states that issued Corinthiarl-style staters. Our Archives contain complete listings on more Ilion 500 stalers, or more than 750 lots of solidi. All this information available at your fingertips, and all free. And to provide th e funch for your new choices, you have decided to auction your old collection. No Wuren Tuder Oirec:1or problem at Heritage! Contact Warren Tucker at WTuder@ HeritageAuclions.com 1-800-872-6467 ext. 287 to discuss our upcoming bt. 287 venues. Don't delay! The Worl d's it, Numismatic Auctioneer HERITAGE cAuctimv (jallerie& } 500 MAPLE AYfNUE, 17TH FLOOR · DALLAS. TEXAS 75219-}941 I-BOO-US COINS (800-872 -6467)' 214-528-} 5OO ' FAX: 214-443-8425 HeritageAuclions_com • e-mail: Co [email protected] H" itOlll H'''''''''bI; '''''' 0lI0, 11>:,, Coli." .... 35:1062 16 n , .". ~. A' 00I)(I66\, Oltlo 20060000~ , Ct. '''''1 ""'1iorII Of I.mt r ~ . · flO!~ A8 11 1S: __ ". ~ ocmll 'lId 0i'tI0 2OO1~ 1 '3 1 1 1.uCtio ..", : l. Gf rm' Ilhio '1 1 9971 ~~, fi<>r ... AU II(I(I I~ I . CoRIorlliJ lS 3Oe2 16 1-4, Now Vorl< Citl; t)J,-109'(/6\, H1~" II)9'!06S: s...... F.... : T, ... 00(111121, CoIiIot ... 3S 3062 16 6S, ""'''' C¥ ..... Till, _ 041(1)0911. f_ .....m'4, I IId Now Vor ~ ti,,: 0 May 2006 11 tier pursu its. Despite his DIOCLETIAN - rectangular Tllyrian fa REGENERATION, REFORM & cial fcatures, his hair and RESTYLING BEGINS sideburns seem softer. richer than the picked Thc style, the techniques of making out hair and beards of his sculptured and painted portraits look like family and their im medi partly animated cubes on tubular bod ate predecessors. Hi s ies with piano legs begins about eight large eyes are intended to years after Oioclelian was proclaimed reflect the soulful, Emperor in 284. Portraits of the aging "heaven-gazing" looks soldier sculpted in his first decade of Figure 4- Claudius If Gothicus, Emperor 268 to of a number of earlier imperium manifest the trend toward the 270 AD. Gold medallion of 8 Aurei, struck il! Th ird Centu ry rulers, conceptual approach inherent in the so Northern Italy (Photo courtesy of Classical from Severus Alexander cal!ed Cubist Style. As time passed, Numismatic Group, Lancaster, Pennsylvania). to Gallienlls, but por black stones and porphyry from Egypt traits now have begun to became fav orites for portraits, partly freeze these eyes into the because they captured and expressed the or·s name and, by contrast, a soldier hard, lifeless, unreal stares of the Tet imperial subjects so well, with such an ruler's pedigree, Hi s father, Carus, rarchs (Fig. 5). economy of directness, and. as in the and his brother, Carinus (282 to 284), In many ways, Numerian was the enlire Roman imperial past. partly be were the last of the so-called barrack last Emperor to sit for a port rait reflect Emperors, men pushed to the purple ing a complexit y of styles and tastes. by the legions fo r various reasons. The Tetrarchs would introduce the un Numerian survi ved his father and broth real, cubisti c portrait, and the Constan er to hold the purple join tly with Oio linians would create a new, totally di f c1etian (284 10 305) for a year, but his ferent version of an Augustan to Julio da ys were numbered. He died of a mys Claudian revi val, Three hundred years terious disease, or poison, in his carriage since the death of Augustus was ob on a road in Northern Italy in 285. served at the final height of Ihe Tetrar Like Gallienus, Numerian was said chy and the Triumph of Constantine. to have been a reader of philosophy, Old doors had closed and new gate and his portraits also reflect these ge n- ways and avenues were beckoning. NUMISMATICA ARS CLASSICA ANCIENT COINS AND MEDALS GREEK - ROMAN - BYZANTINE - MEDIEVAL - RENAISSANCE AUCTIONS - LISTS VALUATIONS from Ostia (Photo courtesy Museum of Fine Arts, Bostoll, Otis Norcross Fund, 58.1005). Catalogues upon request annual subscription rate US$ 80. NUMISMATICA ARS CLASSICA AG Niederdorfstrasse 43 3rd Floor Genavco House PO Box 2655 17 Waterloo Place CH-8022 Zurich London SWIY 4AR Tel. +4144261 17 03 Tel. +44 207 839 7270 Fax. +41 44 261 S3 24 Fax. +442079252174 [email protected] [email protected] www.arsclassicacoins.com 12 The Gelator Tk Wi,;", (fit Cart! 11. f<"Iut 1'1< #' "'f ",..;,,/ (~' ,. IODIN zootl r ".If\;ki ::":' r:.:."'. ~ "', : RI I I I R i~';"/·'i', .. - 1 1, '.,1'1 IBaITy P. MurPhyl :=>AYLJ!'C: SOI.l)'\ . '!,~,.... I{ \ "'1'" (,,"" wo~c ,,!-.- www.vcoins.com www.vauctions.com May2006 13 cause the connection with ri ch and pow In 292 Dioclctian initiated the bold tmditions seen most strongly in the he erfu l Egypt was never stronger (Fig. 6). C. ~tlbtr Figure 7-Maximianus Herculeus, ca. 300 AD, from Italy (Photo courtesy Museum of Fine Arts, BasIon, Sam"'.11 $8 Putnam AveI}' Fund, 61. 1136}. Curious about medieval as a natural complement to your ancient coll ection, but don 't want to invest much until you know you like it ? Then start small and pai nless. For every $8 you send, ,' II send you a di fferent medieval coin ... $16 for 2 different , $32 for 4 diffe rent, $80 for 10 different, etc. With 12 different get a free copy of Walker's Readillg Medieval European Coins, Please add $2 postage per order. [email protected] (845) 434·6090 Ilen G. Berman FAX (845) 434·6079 ...... - ,,~-,,"", ... ~ u.s. orders add $2 pos" - ' -'~ P.O. Box 605-E overseas or<:le 14 The Gelator Tk I/C"ir~ flit Cw OINS Tk ,u,./ed "It tv,. ~ le"aJ'(~I(/ 50Q00 1I. ANCIENT CAEsAR ~ANE . c ...... "'" ...""-,t"£. 1_.'" , ~ ..... ~",r_..-- Carsley Whetstone (~' C"mpnny ... '" , -...... _- I ~ TOW FI:I\ ,* ' ~ Oa"l! M..:t)onald .., 'Rill I R 1<». Coioo l: ,.b p.< (.;'.~ ., ,,!" 'II. ' I I' • " . ~. IBarr y P. Murphy I -. 'I,k. K \ "I'" (,,"" v/Ct JC V ""!. www.vcoins.com www.vauctions.com May2006 15 baltered head of Maximianus Herculeus, Senior Augustus C'Tctrarch''} in the Latin West (286 10305) (Fig. 7). The sec ond portrait is a head of Hele na, consort of the Telrarch Constanlius Chlorus (brieny Senior Augustus in the Latin Wcst. 305 to 306) and, more significantly, mother of Con stantinus Magnus (306 to 337). Helena took the lead in cOllllllelllomting Christ iani ty in the Holy Land. including al legedly rediscovering the True Cross and building basilicas to encourage veneration of the re li cs, in Rome as well as in Jerusalcm (Fig. 8). Maxi mianus, by stark con trast, was no friend of Chris tians and was reluctant to re tire when called upon to do so by his menlor, Diocletian, Se Figure 8-Helena, mother of Constantine the Great, ca. 325 AD (Photo courtesy of Museum of nior Augustus in the eastern Fine Arts, Boston, William E. Nickerson Fund, 62.662). half of the Empire. Maximi anus carne out of re tircment to back hi s SOli, Maxentius, who hcld victors, hi s rew 16 The Celator Judaea. e. Koc:hba Revolt I _Sola Year 3 (undaIod) _134/13SAD. Elt1IemeIy FlrIe May 2006 17 tine the Great wou ld found his new CONSTANTINE TIlE GREAT which once filled the centra!, arched and metropolis at Byzantium on the vaulted side of the great Basilica of Max Bosporus separating Europe and Asia, While the triumph over Maxentius entius and Constantine. Facing out on Constantinopo!is, recognized as the (306 to 312) at the Battle of the Milvian the Sacred Way, this huge hall was be "Second Rome". Bridge on the Tiber just above Rome gun by the first Emperor and finished While Helena's portrait is free of brought Constantine to the near-pinna by the second, the orientation realigned cubistic proportions, a small amount cle of power, the Edict of Toleration at so that the truly colossal statue stared of the flat, rectangular feeling remains, Milan with inferior co-Emperor Licin toward the Roman Forum at the end near the face topped by a cap of rea! and ius in 315 truly began the Constantini the Arch of Titus and the Hadrianic Tem cloth-wrapped hair. This combination an Era. The mighty Constantine's re ple of Venus and Rome on the Velia. The is brushed at the sides and brought up structured Empire lasted in the West big portrait of Constantine now in New over the crown from behind. The lit until Romulus Augustus was deposed in York must have also been inserted in a tle, drilled-out curls around the face 476, and in the East until Constantine statue, possibly togate, or a draped bust look more like vines and buds in an XI fell at the walls of Constantinople in set in a substantial niche. early Christian relief than like styled 1453. Constantinus Magnus (so styled hair. The return to some semblance of on his own coins) was the first Emperor classicism has restored the eyes to pre to tum the Vision of the Heavens imo Tetrarchic, almost pre-Antonille Third an imperial icon and tribute to the pow or Second Century dimensions, but the er of the Holy Cross. A well over-life dreamy, sideways glance, once asso sized, indeed, colossal head and neck ciated with Neo-Platonic meditation in from Rome show this combination of the age of Gallienus (253 to 268), the commanding, confident Emperor as seems now to be somewhat frozen in an image with the revived classicism de lime and space. Helena is the perfect signed to recall the first Emperor, Au image of a dowager Empress, Augus gustus, and the (Senate's) best Emper ta, matriarch of the Constantinian or, Trajan (Fig. 9). House. She is known from a famous In the heart of Rome itself, there is seated statue in the Capitoline Muse the supreme Constantinian icon. This um in Rome as the powerful, positi ve was the great marble statue of Constanti personali ty, the achieving Saint re nus Magnus, seated in lovian pose and corded in history. Such attributes do costume, only the cloak around the low not seem to be quite the case here. er limbs and over the left shoulder, Dr. Busso Peus Nachf. - NUMISMATISTS AND AUCTIONEERS SINCE 1870 - Figure 9-Constantinus Magnus, ca. 315 AD, from Rome (Photo courtesy of The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Bequest of Mrs. F. F. Th· • PURCHASE AND SALE OF ANCIENT, MEDIEVAL AND ompson, 1926,26.229). MODERN COINS AND MEDAlS AS WELL AS OF IMPORTANT NUMISMATIC LIBRARIES • AT LEASTnYO PUBLIC AUCTIONS / MAll BID SALES A YEAR • APPRAISALS AND EXPERT ADVICE • ATTENDING MOST MAJOR INTERNATTONALSAlES ON BEHALF OF CLIENTS Catalogs available by subscripti on at a biennial ra te of U.s. $40 (4 issues). Payments may nQ.\: be made by Credit Card , PLEASE CONTACT US FOR FURTHER TNFORMA nON ""'", Bornwiesenweg 34, ~~ ~~ D-60322 Frankfurt a.M. 1, Germany ~'-I J§:>~ Phone: (011 49 69) 959 66 20 ~~' Fax: (0114969) 55 59 95 raJ~#'";f' www.peus-muenzen.de I E-mail: [email protected] 18 The Gelator Malter Galleries Inc. presents The Joel L. Malter Numismatic Library to be sold at public auction on Sunday, June 4th, 2006 The Joel L. Malter Numismatic Library features every essential reference on Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Middle Ages & the Crusades, Indo-Greek and Indo-Scythi an, and much more. Almost complete runs of the Numismatic Chronicle, Numismatic Circular and other important journals as well as important, early aucti on catalogs of leading firms are included in this library. Almost all are original, first editions with the finest quality plates and bi ndings. Joel Malter is a bibliophile at heart and this is evident in his library. Please make plans to attend The catalog will be this important event, which available in May. will be held in Camarillo, www.maltergalleries.com Califoma. Seating is limited. 17003 Ventura Blvd., Suite 205 Dlle o/I/,e Olde;}/ JirmJ Encino, CA 9 13 16 USA ill tlu, US '2Jell&"fI 8 18-784-7772, Fax 818-784-4726 ill A ncitm l CQin.j! IAPN member Email: mike@ maltergalleries.com since 1970 May 2006 19 Only the hair around the lerms (Fig. 10). In fi eld cui forehead, behind and below rass and swi rling cloak, seem the ears, has been carved in ingly the diadem around his heavy strands designed to re head, Constantine rides to the call the hair styles of Tiberi us left on a spirited stallion with (14 to 37) perhaps morc than tai l arched and trappings from thc Divine Augustus. Thcre is neck to saddle cloth to rump. no more of the Augustan "fi rst The Emperor's right hand is among equals" or the com raised in greeting, the tradi rade-in-arms look in this over tional salute of arrival at the whclming image, designed to gates of a city or on thc occa remind the world that Roma sion of an address to the le Figure IO-Constanlinus Magnus, ca, 325 AD, Gold soli Aetcrna has risen and taken gions, A scepter-slaff with dus, struck at Antioch-on-the-Orontes (Enlarged photo control of the Mediterranean medallic images at its top is courtesy of The Art Institute of Chicago, Gift of Martin A. World again. Constantine may held in thecrookoflhe left ann. Ryerson, 1922.4903). have down played the Olym The inscription, ADVENTVS pian Pantheon and became a AVGVSTI N(OSTRI), hails Christian on his deathbed, bue he ruled un divine authority, the "higher power" of Our Augustus on his Advent, a ceremo der the radiate nimbus (halo) of Sol Invic ten being represented as a hand with the ny we ll remembered from the bronze IuS and with Victoria Augusti at hi s side. wreath or diadem reaching down toward statue of Marcus Aurelius on the Capi Ihe Emperor's head from the clouds. tol and Aurelian reliefs from destroyed CONSTANTINE THE GREAT The obverse inscription links Constan triumphal arches. This Advent seems fro RIDES INTO THE NEW ROME ti ne with his pious and fortunate prede zen in lime, but that is certainly what the cessors, AuguslUs most of all but also Emperor intended, Constantine rides into Everything Conslaminus Magnus Trajan and AnlOninus Pius. The massive his New Rome, and his new capital was wanted for his enhanced image as he neck and shoulder are more hke a fig to last a thousand years. m:tdc his move to Constantinopolis is ure in annor come alive, almost so ac The pan-imperial aspirations of this embodied in a gold solidus struck at An tually, than the sculptured profiles of the numismatic statement of Constantine's tioch-on-the-Oronles in 324 to 325 (Fig. earlier rulers sought here as visual and triumphal entry into the New Rome on 10). The coin's obverse gives us the rul epi graphic models. the Bosporus arc given an Eastern focus er's big head in fl :tt profile, the tradi· The reverse of this commemorative, because the reverse of this solidus tells tional wreath around the head. Thi s was medallic gold coin is equally ceremo us it was struck at Antioch in Syria. An soon to be repl aced by the diadem of nial and symbolic in actual historical ti och, now known as the "Lost Ancient City", was then, wilh Rome, New Rome, :md Alexandria, one of the four great me tropolises of the Roman world. With a por 46, rue Vivienne trait featu ri ng the new imperial world and F-7S002 PARIS a reverse scene taken from traditions orme Principate, Constantine could easily ride tel: 33(0)1 42.33.25.99 forth from Antioch, across Asia Minor on • • • E-mail: [email protected] the Oreal Royal Road of the Persian Em C G B pire and to the shores of the Bosporus, opposite Europe and Constantinopoli s. http://www.cgb.fr CONSTANTINE'S LEGACY: 100.000+ im~ges - 100.000+ pages ROA D TO THE MIDDLE AGES The changes were man y_ with a new capita l. including buildings in the old MAIL BID SALES: Roman traditions, with modifications to the needs of a new religion. Diocleti an "MONNAIES" sought to prevent assassination as the instrument of succession by creating a FIXED PRICE LISTS : rule of two senior and IwO junior Em perors. Constanti ne kept this idea alive "ROME" because he had three sons who could di vide the restored Empire. He took im "MODERNES" perium a step further by surrounding the "JETONS" ruler in ceremonial senings and IUming him iOlo a living icon, a vision renected "BILLETS" in the statues and on the coins. Tough soldiers like Trebonianus Gal· Iu s and Claudius Gothicus could stil l find their ways to the purple as the Byzan- A ...... Cl.A1RAND ...... Mon: DESSAL · F...... KONTOS· Mi 20 The Celator ,! Kuenker Coin Auctions AuGSIuJi:G, STADT 6 Oulu. ..n ] 763. 2O.69g. Von g.66t .. Se]""h.,,_ Soh, .n... k Ii" ... ",..-lOgl,.ht. I'racl" ...mpl,. . Our auctions II 2 - II 4 June 20 - 22, 2006 GUALOGUE 11 2:. 11", mUllLsnwic lilmry of Pn:.>f=or PmI' Berghaus alld Ofhers (c~ 850 lots). Gold coins of {hrtC' miliennilulls (ca 750 lOIS). 0..TALOGUIi II J; Mediaeval and ModeTn Coins and Medals - TIle collec tion of Dr. Martin Sdlmann and OfI'ItD (GI 2500 lou). 0..Tru.QGI.F. 11 4; Gmn.m gold coins and ~ I \'U wi"" ~nC'e 1871 (ca S50 Russu.No. ~( IOfS)' Orders and deror:uions (CI 3 10 ilMns). Po,,] I.. 17%-1801. IWbo:ll796, 50:. P.,.rsburg. sm... hrn. baond... on JOCkI' ErluIn.ng. Vor.,;iglld> GIUEO"!f.NLANI), lYl){~ Kroi..,., 561-546 •. au, GoldJt,I .. (lrlel"tr Sund,rd). 5..rd.i •. 8.05 8' $c:hr ..h FRITZ RUDOLF KONKER Pu....sl: SEN" '11{IS COlJl'ON BY M~I( . «() OUI<. A("""'''' MONZENHANDlUNG F'lI>: R"dolf Kim".... K. M"",ml""dlllllg, c.l! May 2006 21 tine Age took form, but men of military action had to conform to the courtly cer 97% of Lots Sold in Frank emonials instituted in the time of Con stantine the Great and intensified by his surviving son, Constant ius the Second. Robinson Mail Bid Auction Portraits of imperial consorts, like ALBANY, NY- Ninety Salon ina (Gallienus) or Severina (Au seven percent of the lots relian), continued to appear on coins and were sold in Frank S. Robin medall ions. Herennia Etruscilla shared son's 65th mail bid auction of the series of millenniill double sestertii ancient and early coins, with Trajan Decius. There was no more which closed on March 7m. in fl uential Augusta than Constantine's Only 14 of the 556 lots in the mother Helena, remembered still by aNew auction remained unsold, be World mountain, an island in the South speaking its unreserved na Atlantic (where Napoleon expired), and ture. Bids were reduced by Lot 9 from Robinson Mail Bid Sale No . 65, a classic Athenian Owl tetradrachm the Basilicas above the most revered an average of 20%. in EF, realized $1325. Christian sites around Jerusalem. Noteworthy lots among Greek coins included a Ackoowled!;Wlent5 classic Athenian Owl tet - In this, the penultimate episode of radrachm in EF bringing r - --~ "Faces of Empire" (the sons of Constan $1325 and reduced from a tine to Justinian remain), the "usual sus $2 111 bid; a nicely centered pect'>" have stood tall. Tallest is constant VF Katane tetradrachm ~ ' collaborator Sacha Gratton, Boston's am brought $850; a Kaunos bassador from the University of New En stater with conical baetyl, gland, New South Wales, to the banks of 0- grading VF, realized $890; the Charles. Other recipients of the impe a tetradrachm of Demetrios Lot 59 from Robinson Mail Bid Sale No. 65, a rial corona literata include Brenda Breed, Poliorketes with Nike on tetradrachm of Demetrios Poliorketes with Nike Mary Comstock, Mary Greuel, Robert prow in VF brought $685 on on prow in VF brought $685 on an $800 bid. Hecht, Ch ri stina Kondoleon, Karen an $800 bid; a Metapontum Manchester, Michael Padgett, Carlos Pi stater with leukippos' head con, Rebecca Reed and James Wclu. fetched $660, reduced from a $959 top bid; and an EF l ysimachos tetradrachm !!iI sold for $750. Among the Roman coins, the high est realization was fo r a Germanicus As graded choice about EF/EF, at $860, re duced from a top bid of $1280; an Anti och letradrachm of Augustus with Tyche seated on the reverse in EF brought $540; a Nero dupondius with Victory re verse in EFNF sold for $502; a choice EF denarius of Antoninus Pius and Mar cus Aurelius brought $360; an EF Han nibalianus bronze realized $4 10; and an Orbiana denarius, deemed in virtually mint state condition though somewhat off-center, was a bargain at $375. The sale also included other early coinages, group lots, numismatic and historical literature, and a selection of fixed price specials. Robinson strives to offer in each sale a good mix of choice, interesting and rare coins, as well as lower-val ued coins for budget-minded collectors. Three such mail-bid sales are held an Visit our website www.astartesa.com nually. Illustrated catalogs may be ob tained free of charge from Frank Rob inson at P.O. Box 3040A, Pine Station, Albany, NY 12203; phonelfax 518-482- 2639; or e-mail [email protected]. ASTaRTE Catalogs can also be viewed at his Astarte S.A. · Via Canton ale, 1{a • CH-6900 lugano Switzerland website, www.fsrcoin.com; and the re Phone +41 91 9233640· Fall +41919232718. [email protected] sults of the latest sale are posted al www.fsrcoin.com/results.html. 22 The Gelator T r u e Va 1 u e s o f • H 1 s t 0 r y • Auctions in Switzerland • Purchases and Sales • Expertises and Valuations • The Development and Care of Collec tions • Financial Se rvices • Numismatic Reference Library Special Areas: • Coins of th e Ancient C lassical World • Medieval and Modern Coins L/-IS Numisl/latics Ltd 111 Gassf'l! 20, 1'.0. Box e N -8022 Zuricil, Swifzer/aml www.LHS·Nll miSllltltik:.wlII III{o@LHS-NIIlI/islllfltik.com TelephQl!e +41 44 217 42 42 LHS Numismatics Telefax +41 44217 42 43 (formerly Lell N fl/llismutics Ltd) May 2006 23 Distinctive Features of Kushan Coins - Part II " Kanishka is not usi ng his coins to and gradually expanded their domain by David Jongeward appease various religious factions within south of the Hindu Kush and on into hi s empire. nor to satisfy the religious lndia."ll The Yu ezhi tribal nomads from predilections of his trading partners be whom the Kushan emerged fi rst encoun Kushan Coin Deities yond the boundaries of his empire. He tered Greek culture and coin makers in is not showing religio us tolerance, or an nonhern Bactria. Yuezhi chiefs minted More than twenty deities arc repre ability to embrace more than one faith coins that imi tated coins made by the sented on Kushan coinage ,lS Why so at a time. He is using hi s coin designs to Greeks they conquered. The first Kush many? For over three hundred years. present his own religious atti tudes, his an king. Kujula Kadphiscs, imitated both Kushan ki ngs minted coins in the tradi adherence to Iranian religion. probably Greek and Roman coins. but included lion of Indo-Greek. Indo-Scythian and a form of Zoroastrianism."J7 his own nllme, titles and e pithets using Indo-Parthian kings who generally favored bi lingual (G reek and Indian) inscrip just one deity for the reverse side of th eir tions. Ku shan coinage was thus initially coins. Wh y did Kushan ki ngs depart so issued in the local Greek tradition, and dramati call y from this tradition? continued to develop 3... part of that tradi In particular, the coins o f two kings. tion under its second king. Virna Tak to. Kani shka and his successor Huvishka. The third king, Virna Kadphises, display a highly diverse choice of gods chose coin designs that clearly estab and goddesses. Olher Ku shan kings fol lished a Ku shan identity for both the lowed the tradition of representing just bronze and gold coinage. On the obverse one or two deities. Scholars often restate of his bronze tetradrachm, the king is the idea that Kanishka li nd Huvishka's portrayed as a heavily bearded, stand coins demonstrate tolerance and accep Figure 16- Shiva, god of creation ing fu ll figure. wearing the clothing of tance of fl wide variety of religious ide and destruction. G6b11914. a tribal chi ef, and sacrificing at a small ologies, renecting di verse communities altar. All Vima's coin re verses depict wilhin the Kushan polyglot empire. This Shiva, the Hindu god of creatio n and view is no t entire ly accurale. On the destruction, fertility and asceticism . grounds of archaeological and textual Cribb's view may also be overstat The Bactrian name on the coin is Oe evidence. it is known that Buddhism was ed. The Ku shan pantheon appears to shoo inscribe d in Greek letters. For the prominent religion of the time, es be Iranian-based. but thi s a lone does Kanishka and Huvishka, Shi va appears pecially in the Kushan areas of what are not e xp lain the large number of dei as one among a di verse pantheon of now Afghani stan a nd Pakistan. Bud lies c hosen, no r the multi-c ultural e n gods. For Huvishka's successor, Vasu dhism's contribution to Kushan coin de vironment that contri butes to the coin Deva, S hiva is the only deity re pre sign is extremely important, but certainly age's di verse imagery. sented. The late Kushan kings chose not the dominating influence. John Rosen The role of deities in Kushan coin e ither Shiva or Ardochsho. field expressed the idea that deities were age needs to be understood in light of Shiva's image in Ku shan coinage chosen as di vine companions and support the historical circumstances in which the reveals an astonishingly complex ico ers of the monarch, and were nO( meant to coinage first appeared. As Cribb notes. nography. In a 1997 analysis, Joe Cribb reflect religions of the general population 'The Kushans inheri ted the practice of found fift y- five different coin represen but were a direct expression of (he ideolo making coins from the peoples of the tations of Shiva.39 Shiva appears alone gy of the ruling housc ..16 Joe Cribb makes territori es they occupied as they entered or with a bull. He is portrayed with one a similar point in sU"Onger language: the region to the north of the Hindu Kush head or three. He has two arms or four. On some issues, but not all , Shiva has a cma/ogue 0 11 request KIRK DAVIS C lassical Numismatics Post Office Box 324, Claremont, C A 91711 Figure 17- Shiva with bull. Tel: (909) 625-5426 [email protected] G6b153512. 24 The Celator s Coming soon ... Unsurpassed expertise and experience in the field of classical coins. We offer... Winter I Spring 2006 ~ A large inventory of quality Greek, Roman, Byzantine and Biblical coins and in all price ranges. ...IIIIIIIIU ,. Am ong the finest Fixed Price Usts and Mail Bid Sales in the field, available MMch, 2006 in print and downloadable ronn. Call or write {or ,. Personalized service in starting, building and liquidating collections. complimentary copies Auction representation and consultation at all major sales the world over. May2006 25 halo, sometimes a flaming halo. All these There are striking differences be the Kushan adopted an iconography to elements are combined in different ways, tween the coin and sculpture images. The represent Shiva that combines features There are some iconographic features Bactrian name is also puzzling. Tanabe from Iranian, Greek and Indian sources. shared by coin images and the sculptural and others argue that the name Oesho Kushan kings created iconography images of$hiva that date to the same time refers not to Shiva, but to an Iranian wind for gods who had never' appeared in period. The most common is representa god that the coin designers chose to rep iconic form before. The Kushan era is tion of Shiva with an erect phallus. In the resent by using some iconographic fea notable in art history as a time when coinage of Vim a Kadphises, Shiva is por tures of Shiva ...., Several fealllres of the depiction of gods in human foml became trayed naked or with a length of doth coin images are very rarely found, or al together absent, from early Indian sculp tural representations of Shiva. The most notable is the trident, which did not be come prominently associated with Shi va until post-Kushan sculpture. The an telope skin, elephant goad, thunderbolt. halo and diadem, all found in Wima Kad phises coin images of Shiva, are not nor mall y associated with lhe Hindu $hiva, For example, the antelope skin draped Figure 18- Serapis, Greco-Egyp over Shiva's arm is a feature loosely Figure 19-Mao, moon god. tian god of sky and underworld. shared with images of Heracles. bor G6bI349/3. Gobi 164/1. rowed from Greek imagery. The thun derbolt, a characteristic of Zeus, was most likely adopted in Wima's coin im acceptable for the first time. Prior 10 looped over his lower legs, On the coins agery for the same reason, All of this Kushan times, Vedic and Zoroastrian of latcr kings, Shiva's phallus is either points to the syncretic nature of the coin deities, as well as the Buddha, were rep covered or projects ahove the waist cord image. One explanation is thai the Kus resented by specific symbols, but not by of a flimsy dhoti, the only rnticie of cioth han intended for their Hindu subjects to images in human form. When the idea ing on the otherwise naked figure (Fig have no difficulty recognizing the coin of human representations of gods be ures 16 & 17). The presence of the bull deity as Shiva, but that the portions of came popular, Kushan cra artisans in is another shared featurc of coins and the population with Iranian and Greek northern Afghanistan borrowed basic sculpture, as is the general treatment of roots could recognize elements adopted figure forms from Greek and Roman jewelry and clothing. from their own deities.41 [t appears that sculpture traditions, then progressively dressed them with attributes drawn from the traditions of local populations. As the Are you interested in Kushans pushed further south into the Indian subcontinent, artisans and design ers were able to expand their resources CHOICE WORLD COINS? by drawing from the prodigious reper You should be receiving ou r publications tory of images from Indian art traditions. Kushan era coin and sculpture arts FOUR TO SIX achieve their highly distinctive charac AUCTION CATALOGUES ANNUALLY ter by means of a synthesizing of reli gious and artistic ideas present at the ancient crossroads of Asia. Featuring RARE and CHOICE gold and silver coins of Nana is one of the most important the world as well as ancient coinage and wo rld paper deities in the coinage of Kanishka and money. A sample catalogue is $25.00 postpaid, includes Prices Huvishka (see Figure 2 of Part I). The name relates to a nature goddess from Realized. An annual subscripti on is also avail able. The cost is ancient Mesopotamia, Innana-Ishtar. $80 within the U.S. and $100 outside the U.S. Worship of the goddess can be traced in unbroken tradition to the 30:1 mi llenni Visit our web site at: um Be. [n a Babylon temple inscription www.ponterio.com at Marduk, Nana is described as lady of ladies, goddess of goddesses, directress Ponterio of humanity, mistress of the spirits of & Associates, Inc. heaven, light of heaven and earth, along 1818 Robinson Ave. with many other titles. Her name appears San Diego, CA 92103 with Ahuramazdah and Mithra in a 511l 1-800-854-2888 or 619-299-0400 century Be reference. Her cult contin Fax 619-299-6952 ued during Parthian times, where, as in ...... _--- E-mail: [email protected] classical sources, she was referred to as both Nana and Artemis. This correlation P.N.C. #308 Licensed Auction Company #968 is reflected in a Huvishka coin, where Richard H. Ponterio - President Nana is shown in the guise of Artemis the huntress, drawing an arrow from her 26 The Celator quiver. Her cult also fl ourished in Bac Serapis (or Serapo, as the name ap .usually anned with a sword, and hold ei tria, where Greeks and Scythians struck pears in Bactrian), is another deity that ther a diadem or short staff. They often are coins that included a figure of Artemis seems outside a strictly Iranian tradition. portrayed making a "gesture of blessing," with a radiate crown.4l Serapis is a Greco-Egyptian divinity that an ann extended with two fingers raised, On a Kanishka coi n, Nana stands in fi gures prominently in the Alexandrian nearly identical to the benedictio latina that profile to the right wearing a long robe. pantheon as supreme lord of sea, land, appeared centuries later in Christian an.·) She is nimbate and diademed, carries a sky and underworld. Serapis appears on On one coin type, Miiro and Mao appear staff in one hand, a bowl in the other. In a Huvishka coin. Thedeity is shown nim together, facing each other. bate. seated entirely en face on a four poster throne with curved legs and a foot stooL He holds a staff in one hand, a torque in the other, and wears a robe that drapes down to his ankles (Figure 18). Many of Kanishka and Huvishka coin deities can be traced to divine fig ures found in an Iranian Mithraic tra d ition, especiall y fro m scriptural tradi ti ons of the Avestas, the earliest sacred texts of Zoroastri anism. Particularly Figure 20-Athsho, fire god. importam is the sun god Mithra, Miiro Figure 21- 0ado, wind god. Gob/33/ 1. or Mioro on the coins (see Figure I). G6bI783/1. whose most distinctive features are a rayed halo and a staff. The moon god other portrayals she has flaming shoul Mao is shown with crescent moo ns Two other [ranian deities are frequent ders. Kanishka also issued coins read comingoUi of his shoulders (Figure 19). ly represented. Pharro is a god of abun ing Nanashao, or Royal Nana, which Both Miiro and Mao are represented as dance and good fortune who appears in may signify her favored status in rela standing male figures, with heads in pro at least twelve different representations. tionship to the throne. In a rare Huvish file. Each deity is portrayed in about ten Hi s iconography includes a halo and ka coin she is nimbate, carries a staff. different designs. but they share many fl aming shoulders. a pan of fire, winged wears a helmet topped by a lunar cres attributes. Each is dressed in tunic, man headdress, diade m, and a sword with an cent and sits on a snarling lion, proba tle and boots, and stands in a somewhat animal head hilt (see Figure 4). A femi- bly in her role as victorious huntress. twisted or dance-like posture. lbey are or Numismatist WWW.G LENNWOODS.C OM May 2006 27 as a fou r·armed figure holding a scepter or plow standard, a purse, diadem, and a wheel. He is seated on a cushioned throne with lion's feet, lunar crescents coming out of his shoulders. and dressed in a belted tunic and knee boots (Figure 23). Ashaeichsho is a god of truth and a divine mediary for Ahuramazda. The iconography is nearly identical to that Figure 22-Oanindo, victory of Mioro, with radiate halo and maki ng goddess. Gobi 245/1 . the gestu re of blessing. Loraspo, anoth www.nyinc.info er deity associated with Mithra. appears on a Kanishka coin as a bearded male nine compliment to Pharro is Ardochs standing with a horse that rears up on THE 351'11 ANNUAL ho, goddess of abundance and prosperi its hind legs (Figure 24). Orlagno, an ty. Ardochsho coin images were most Iranian martial god, lord of arms and god NYlNC likely derived from Indo-Greek repre of victory, appears on a Kani shka coin America's Most Prestigious sentations of Demeter and the Romnn with an elaborate bird-wing headdress Ancient & Foreign Coin Show Fortuna. She became a constant figure and dressed in Indo-Scythian clothi ng in Kushan coinage, fa vored by many (Figure 25). Kushan ki ngs following Huvi shka. Ar January 12-14,2007 dochsho is portrayed nimbate, dressed IIProl 'es.,;ollo l Preview- Thursday, in loose fi tting flowing robes and either standing or seated on a throne. She holds J Ja nuary / 'h, a cornucopia and diadem, and some· 2PM-7PM - $/00 times has a sheaf of grain in her moulh. Strangely. Ardochsho is a goddess un· The Waldorf Astoria Hotel known from any other textual or inscrip· New York City tional sources; her name appears only on Kushan coins (see Figure 3). Ardoch· 301 Park Avenue between sho imagery survived the Kushan era . Figure 24-Loraspo, Mithraic East 49th & 50th Streets primarily because the portrait of her deify. Gobi 5711. scated on a throne and holding a comu Cali the Waldorf Astoria at copia was adopted by the Gupta Empire (212) 355·3000 and nskjor the for thei r portrayal ofShri Lakshmi , Hin With this fonnidable assembly of Ira special NYINC r(lle (Groul) code NYN) du goddess of beauty and good fortune . nian deilies, why did the Kushans not Other Iranian deities represented, but include Ahuramazda, the supreme god Major Auctions far more rarely, include the fire god of Zoroastrianism? A very Ta re coi n of Educational Forums Athsho (Hephaistos before the coin lan Ka ni shka. inscribed with a Bactrian Club Meetings guage changed). He has flaming shoul name Mozdooano. portrays a' beard ed Exhibits ders and fi re tongs, lind wears a long equestrian figure riding a two-headed robe with sleeves, boots, a nd mantle horse (Figure 26). Joe Cribb and others Admission: (Figure 20). The wind god Dado appears dispute John Rosenfield's be li ef that this Friday-S!lturday-Sunday only on the bronze coinage as a running coin represents Ahuramazda,44 but Joe $10 for a thrloe-day pass naked figure with a radiate head, and a Cribb and others conclude that the im Gellerallllformatioll: long cape flying behind, rcminisecllI of age is more likely a Bactrian version of Kevi n ."oley an Olympic runner in a victory lap (Fig Shiva . or a lesser known Zoroastrian P.O. Box 370650 ure 21 ). Oanindo, a goddess of victory. deity. The two-headed horse most like is represented standing and wi nged and ly signifies fundamental dualities e x· Milwaukee, WI 53237 probably derives from the classical ike pressed in both religions - creation and (414) 421 ·3484 (Figure 22). Manoabago is an Avestan destru ction, light and dark, good and Fax (414) 423·0343 lord of wisdom and good mind. shown evil. One explanation for the absence of E-mail: [email protected] Ahuramazda is that the deity may have become more imponant in the post- Kus han period after the emergence of the Sasanian Empire. Kanishka's coinage is panicularly re markable because of the series of imag es of the Buddha that I mentioned in Part I of thi s article. The images are unique in the history of Central Asian and Indi an coinage, and have aroused consider Figure 23-Monaobego, lord of able commentary as to why Kanishka wisdom and good mind. chose to use Buddha images as coin de G6bI151/3. signs. In early Buddhism, the Buddha was referred to as a prince. a monk, a great 28 The Celator teacher, an unusually gifted man who had standing, facing the viewer, dressed in but a trident held by Shiva also appears achieved enlightenment, but not godhood. monastic robes. The right hand is raised on the reverse. The coin design implies Joe Cribb and other scholars suggest that in a characteristic gesture of reassurance, a fundamental relationship: the king the Buddha's appearance on the side of or abhaya mudra. A forehead mark in worships the god, the god gives author the coin reserved for deities reveals im dicates the urna and the head has a ity to the king. This theme is repeated portant changes in Buddhism that occurred prominent topknot, or ushllisha. The in a number of ways throughout the during the Kushan era, including the cmer- urna and ushnisha are iconographic el coinage. Kings and deities on the same ements that appear early in Buddhist art and represent light-giving properties of the enlightened one. The Buddha's ears are elongated. His eyes are open. A halo around his head is joined above the shoulders to a mandorla around his body.47 Characteristics of Sakyamuni Buddha as depicted on bronze coins are similar in most respects to the gold coin image. The bronze coin of Maitreya, Figure 25-0rlagno, martial god. however. portrays a nimbate Buddha Figure 26-Mazdooano, Shiva seated on a low throne, ri ght hand raised Gob/6318. like Iranian deity. in the gesture of reassurance.48 Instead GobI 6 1/3. of a simple monastic robe, the Maitreya wears the clothing and ornaments of a gence of a proto-Mahayana school of Bud prince, typical of representations of Bo coin often share attributes. Both appear dhism that emphasized the God-like na dhisattva Maitreya as found in Gandha wi th halos or flaming shoulders, for ex lure of the Buddha.45 fa sculpture. ample. The kings acknowledge the gods Gold coins in the Kanishka series use Coin imagery reveals Kushan philos by demonstrating devotion through rit Greek letters for Bactrian names to re ophy about the relationship between ual action, regalia and potent symbols. fer to both Sakyamuni Buddha (Saka kings and gods. The Kushan tradition of The gods in tum acknowledge the kings mano Boudo), the Buddha of the present portraying the king making a sacrifice in gestures of blessing, or proffering di age, and Maitreya Buddha (Metrago at an altar was established on the coins adems, tridents, elephant goads, pans of Boudo), future Buddha in an age to ofWima Kadphises. On Wima's coins, fire and other symbols of kingship.49 come.46 (See Figures 5 and 6.) Extremely a trident, an important symbol of king rare gold coins portray the Buddha ship, surmounts the altar on the obverse, Hadrian and Antinous I am seeking to purchase rare and/or excep tional coins of Hadrian and Antinous. If you might be interested in selling such coins or even a hoard that heavily con sists of coins of Hadrian and Antinous, then please contact m e at [email protected]. If you pre fer contact by telephone, please call 202 445 7558. For your holiday travel in the tropics, please consider: Hale Huna Kai - a luxury vacation rental situated on the Big Island of Hawaii www.upscaIeparadise.com CC Bloom's Beaches Thai Resort - a luxury boutique hotel located in Phuket overlooking Kata Bay lin Ilntmous IE overstruck www.beachesthairesort.com on a Hadrian Sestertius May 2006 29 Coin designs thus reinforce an underl y al trade and commerce from the I" to 4'h ancient history of Afghanistan, Pakistan ing message of relationshi p that is both centuries AD. Kushan coinage is, with and nort hern India are often fragmen spiritual and material in nature. During out question, the best surviving record tary. The most important sources incl ude the apex of empire ex pansion, the idea of diverse religious cullS and practices Chinese Han dynasty texts, ~ along with was to acknowledge as many gods as that existed at the time. Buddhist manuscripts,51 but attempts to possible in hopes of receivi ng fa vors. reconstTuct historical detail from these The sheer proliferation of imagery of thc Chronology Questions sources are often difficult. Archaeolog divine accounts for Kanishka's and Hu ical discoveries are of considerable val vishka's reputations as kings who elthib One of the remarkable features of ue, including several imponant Kushan ited interest in deities and cult figures Kushan history is that the chronology era excavations in Pakistan and Afghan important to many spiritual traditions. of the kings is not fmnly established, and istan. Nevertheless, the political and his· Images and iconography chosen by dates attributed to reigns of the kings torical evidence provided by archaeo Kushan kings for coinage reveal a high seem to change with improbable fre logical excavations is generally depen ly complelt linking of Hellenistic, Ira quency. Kushan numismatics has always dent on the study of associated coin nian and Indi ,m reli gious and design been handicapped by the fact that many fi nds. Since publication of my fi rst arti ideas. This mu lti -cultural mix can be Kushan ki ngs are not found in an y in cle for The Celator six years ago, Kush attributed to the Kus han Empire's loca scriptional or literary context, and are an chronology and dates of reign have tion at the crossroads of Central Asia and known only because their na mes appear shifted dramatically. northern India where economic stan on coins. A few Kushan kings do appear To briefly recount the history, the dards and values established by the coin in texts and inscriptions, but only rare term Kushan refers to a dynasty that es age dominated an extensive internation- ly, and written documents regarding the tablished a vast inland empire stretch ing across Central Asia and northern India during the I" to 4'" centuries AD.'2 Column One Column Two Column Three The Kus han dynasty emerged from Cen Jan uar 2005 2000 1994 tral Asian nomadic tribes known as the Kujula Kadphises, 4(}'90 AD 30-80 AD 30-75 AD Yuezhi, whose existence is fi rst record ed in Chinese texts that date to Han Wima Takto, 90- 120 AD 80- 1 lO AD Dynasty times.53 In about 130 BC, the Wima Kadphises. 120-127 AD 1I0- 120AD 75-IOOAD Yuezhi were one of the invading forces Kanishka, 127- 151 AD 120-146 AD IOO- 126AD that overran the Greek ki ngdom of Bac lria that had emerged in northern Af Huvishka. 151-190 AD 1 46~184 AD 126- 163 AD ghanistan in about 255 BC After another Vas udeva I, 190-229 AD 184-220 AD 163-200 AD 150 years in Bactria, one of the Yu ezhi Kan ishka 11 ,229·247 AD 220-242 AD 200-115 AD chiefs founded a kingdom, giving his fa mily name Kushan (possibly a clan Vasishka, 147-267 AD 242-260 AD 2 15-140AD name) to the nation as a whole. The first Kanishka III, 267-280 AD 26 1-290 AD 240-250 AD king of the Kushan dynasty is known Vasudev3 II, 280-320 AD 290-330 AD 250-290 AD only because his name appears on coins, and he ruled for fi fty years, beginn ing Magra (or Mashra?) contem about 40 AD . His coinage uses a Greek porary of Vasudeva II. language inscription on the obverse, re possibly not a Ku shan. peated in an Indian script, Kharoshthi, Shaka, 320-350 AD on the re verse - " Kujula Kadphises Vasudeva III, or second brief 290-330 AD Kushan, Steadfast in the True Law, the reign of Vasudeva II. Kushan Chief."54 During the Kushan era, tremendous Ki punad ha 35(}'370 AD. the wealth was generated by commerce on last Kushan.M extensive ove rland trade networks that linked Chi na, Central Asia, India, Per sia and the Mediterranean. In addition to land routes, active ocean ports at the MORTON & EDE N LTD mouth of the Indus ri ver and further in association with Sothebys 45 J\h ddox Street Lo ndon \'(I t S 2PE south on India's west coast allowed for sea u ade between Indian, Persian and Auctions, Valuations and Sales of Mediterranean cemers.llThe entire Kus ha n period was an era of urban devel Ancient, Islamic and World Coins, opment, with several important cosmo Medals, Decora tions and Banknores pol itan centers prospering along the trade ro utes.56 The Kushan improved a highway system inherited fro m Maury Please contact James Morton, Tom I!<\cn or an times under Ashoka (273-232 BC), Steve Uoyd for advice on buying or seiling linking the cities BaUch, Kapisa and or to be included on our maili ng list. Kabu l in what is now Afghanistan with Peshawar, Taxil a, Lahore, Mathura and tele phone +44 (0)20 7493 5344 fax +44 (0)2074956325 e-mail [email protected] other centers of the Ganges plain and the Deccan . 30 The Gelator Silk was only the most coveted of rounding dates fo r the Kushan 's best many valuables that passed through the known ki ng has been a primary obsta system of trade routes. Caravans to Chi cle in the stud y of Kushan numismatics NUMISMATIK nacanied gold, silver. ponery. wine ves and history. A conference convened in sels. coral, amber and glass. Caravans London in 1960, organized in an attempt from China carried si lks. muslin. gem to solve the problem, confused the is lANZ stones. furs. ceramics, lacquer, cinna sue more, with proposed dates ranging mon bark. weapons. and many other from 78 AD to 278 AD, all va li antly MONCHEN goods. Tmdc goods from China often defended by their proponents.'9 These followed routes Ihat branched sou th arguments ha ve been tempered consid from Kashgar into India so as to bypass erably. at least for now. with Harry AUCTION 128 conflicts between the Romans and Per Falk's re-interpretation of a previously nd on May 22 , 2006 sian Parthians. Roman traders obtained unclear portion of a 31<1 century AD San much of their Chinese silk from seaports skrit astrological text. from which he ANC I ENT C OI NS on India's west coast. Kushan and south deri ves a date of 127 AD for the fi rst Indian middlemen no doubt kept some year of Kani shka's reign.60 Most numis silk products for themselves, and it is matists 32 The Gelator Fantastic Start for LHS Numismatics in Zurich by Ursula Kampmann ZURICH-On October 24th, 2005 the first auction sale of LHS Numismatics Ltd. took place. It was called LHS Auc lion 94 as LHS Numismatics Ltd. is the successor of Leu Numismatics Ltd., which itself is the successor of the nu mismatic department of Bank Leu Ltd . During all these years one thing has not changed: the quality of the offered material and the solidity of the cata loguing . Th is is t he reason why Lot 3026 from LHS Auction 94 was this 1681 gold 20 ducat coin from record prices are the rule at LHS as Bern, minted with the dies of the 10-ducat coin. Fr. 127a (this specimen they used to be at its predecessors. illustrated), probably unique and graded EF-FOC. lt realized 221,490 CHF. And it is imp ressive to hear that af ter Aucti ons 94 and 95 the computer printed invoices running up to a 10- Let us end w ith a result from LHS Auction 95 took place on Oc ta l 6.7 million Swiss fra ncs. Graubunden: an undated thaler of the tober 25th and consisted of two parts: LHS Auction 94 contained 1,0621015 Gotteshausbund in good EF, minted ca. European coins and medals were sold estimated at a total of 2.49 million 1565 in Zurich by Jakob Stampfer that re Swiss francs; 948 lots, or nearly 90%, alized 76,000 francs (estimated at 50,(00). con tinued on page 46 . were sold with a result of 2.84 mill ion , meaning that Sale 94 realized 114% of its total estimate. A fantastic result, caused of course ~e I!&lbe Modern forge ries of Jron Age coins are merci fu lly few and far between. Th anks to the ex posure o f the Hus lemere forgeries by Robert Van Arsdell in the 1980$, and the publica lion of 66 modern fakes in hi s CelTic 2. Gallic War Uniface gold stater 6. Verica Vinc Lcaf gold stater. Coinage of Brirain ( 1989), most lead of Ambiani, 5.95g, VA 56. Too cupped. Regini & Alrebales, 5.3Ig, VA 520. ing dealers and au cti on houses can reverse not right. Horse and letters incorrect. now spol spurious pi eces as soon as they uppear Hnd sto p them from gel ting into circulation again. However, Van Arsdcll's splendid book has been out of print for some years now, and Ihere is a new generation of collectors who mAy not be as aware of the tell-talc signs of counterfeit Iron Age 3. Weald Net gold stater o f 7. Veriea Stars gold stater, Regini coins as Ihe older hands are. II is prima Cantiaci, 5.43g. VA 144. Horse poorly & Atrcbates. 5.35g. Crude fantasy rily for the benefit of less experienced cxecuted. copy of quarter slater VA 501. collectors that these seventeen modem forgeries arc being published herc: some are qu ite well known and have been "round since the e:lrly 1960s. These seventeen fakes recently came to light when Michael Sharp of Di x Noonan Webb was looking through an old collection formed several decadcs ago, and I am gra tefu l 10 him for bring 4. South Thames Band ed go ld 8. Freckenham Crescents gold ing them to my notice and for providing slater of Cantiaci 5.89g, VA 15 7. slaler of Eccni , 5.05g, VA 620-4 . images and dctail s of them. Crude workmanship. Coarse die cuning. 1. Gallic War Un ifacc gold stater 5. Cheriton Smi ler gold stater of 9. Comux Tree gold statcr of of ArnbianL 6.1 Og, VA 52- I. Scyphate Bclgae, 5.0Ig. VA 12 15. lrregu lnri ties Dobulllli, 5.27g, VA 1092. Dcs ign and fl an. reverse fi led. in design and strike. in scription incorrect. THE PROFESSIONAL NUMISMATISTS GUILD, INC. 0"" SO YEARS of 10. E isu Tree gold stater o f KNOWLEDGE, INTEGRITY & RESPONSIBILITY Dobunni . 5.llg, VA 11 05. Tree and Founded ill 1955, the PNG is a /l oll-profit orga/liW lioll, cOlllp /"ised horse bOlh misinterprctcd. o/Ille lOp ra/"e CO;II (llId pape/" money experts [mm all aro/III(/II,e world. For mo/"e ill/o/"mation 011 the PNG, please COlI/acl: Robert Brueggeman. Execmive Director 3950 Concordi a Lane, Fallbrook. CA 92028 Tel. (760) 728-1300 Fax (760) 728-8507 II. Eisu Oxo silver unit of WWw.j)IIrcka!ers. colI] ellwil: il!fo @ /JI! ~deaiers.cQIII Dobunni. 1.I0g. VA 1110. Crudc style, sloppily engraved. 34 The Celato( Itinerant MOSILY QUf OF PRINT From our invcU1(X)' of 2.500+ titles Engravers? Orders over $100 take 10% off; over S200 take 15% off; met $300 lake 20% off Babelon. UJ origWJ de la MOitnaitJ h AIMnI'$ by Chris Rudd ...... _.. _...... _ " $30 Baldwin. El«lnun and Silwr Coins of Chim ... S S20 and ...... _.. _._ ...... " S30 12. Cranbornc Chase sil ver stater Comparwe. A ..... Signolum ...... " S20 Did Iron Age coin engravers some IXMorgan. MfHrwtl th Mm.i>matique Orienwle ...... of Durotri gcs, 5.24g, VA 1235. Loose ...... _..... _. __ ._ .. ___ . __ ._.S530 design, harsh appearance. times work for more than one ruler? A very rare sil ver coin of Tasciovanos, ~!~~p. :~~~.. "'._'~_~':':~.~. ~1;' Gardiakos. ~ CoiNlgeJofAUxmukrwGI'I'!Q/ (3 huge recently sold by us for £ 1050, suggests volumes - an antOOlogy of I I important volumes on that die cutters did move from tribe to Alexanderthe Great) ...... _ .. _ H $325 Head. 1M CoinsofEpl!.-JW ...... ______...... H $30 tribe. The face on th is Catuvellau nian HeiS$. A. Coins of 1M Kings of 1M ViJig Caluvellauni, 5.74g, VA 1498-1502. A "'OS Ha rd COlliN Uutnm-AII 0..1 ofPrio! Reverse badly executed. AmoId-Biiuochi, "IN Ri>ndazzp Hoanland Sidlit>n Our>- noIogy 5110 CenliU)' BC ...... " $8S Balog. et al . Gitus ~ighlJ &: 1-Ur~1.t SllUIrps(Umayy.u AbbasidlThlunid). 322 pp .• 55 plates. WD$ $60 " $48 BishoplHo.[loway. Whealml Coiln:fion ofGmA &: Ro· ...... Coins. 32 !'P-. 32 plms. was 530 ...... " $22 lIll/lnIMete.lf. Stwli.J.,.. Early B}'-JJIt11M GoIJ Coin· "l'. 144 pp .• 24 plate'< ...... H $75 KJcinerlNoe. Early CUlop/oo,u 0>ifU1~. 129 pp" 38 plateS ...... ___ __ H $4S 15. Whaddon Chase style gold The face on the Tasciovanos coin Koch. A Hoorn ojCoins from &wem PMhia H $35 (top) is the same as the face on the Kroll, J .• 7MAIM~ianAgof(J(Greek Co in ~) 37 5 pp .• 36 quarter stater, 1.75g. Fantasy piece of plates - Publi,hed by American School ofOas,ical Srud· crude sty le. Ecenian coin (boltom). its in Alhcn<. was SISO ...... H $75 LeYY & Ba'lien. Romon Coin< in Princeton Uni",,,.iry Ubmry. 191 pp .. 28 plales. was $ 100 ...... H $79 MacDowell . Th~ W~Jlem CoitUlg" olNero. 256W.. 2.'i plale~ ...... S $45 Melcalf. Th. CiJlophori ojllodrilJn, 164 w-. 31 platcs ...... H $M Metcalf. ThtSjIY. r Co;nag~ ojCoppadocu.. 1731'1'. . 54 plates. was $75 ...... _ H $49 Muscular Dystrophy Association MildenbergiHurlcr. Anh", S. Dn-.'ing Coil_ oj G,uk Coi", (2 vols. boxed) \lias $ 125 ...... _H S89 NoeIJohnston. Th~ Coinog~ oj M~topon""", Pam I & 16. Whaddon Chase sty le gold /I ...... H $49 quarter stater, 1.74g. Another fig ment Trn.clL. Tht Coinage of Iitt Lycian Leagllt ..... H $45 of forger's imagination. ANS Srllwti Volume 6. McMIom.1'uIutinl'--So/;lh Ambia .. " $99 Where Volume 7. Waggoner. M/JUdonio I. Cities. Thraco· Macedonian Tribe•. J'rJeonit>n Kings ...... " $60 Volume 8. TTOJIclL MocMoniD II. Maotultr I_Phillip /I Hope Begins .. _... _._ ..... _...... __ ._ ...... " $75 ·S!!.!!. OUK OTHF.K ADS I N Tn!; C U SS IFI EP SECTIO'" Lim .1.., aYlilobk, USIC ...... i .... Foreip. Of A.. d ..... tlMedi· _I (Each 600-800 li'ks) $L~ May 2006 35 Kushan Cont. from pg. 31 Coming Events .... As can be seen in the chart, the dates have been dramatically revised over a period of just ten years. Of all the Ku s May 6-7 Astarte SA Public Auction, Zurich, Switzerland han kings, Wima Kadphises has suffered MayB-10 LHS Numismatics Ltd. Auctions 96 & 97, Zurich most in the hands of recent scholarship. May 12-14 Pennsylvania Numis. Assoc. Coin Show, Monroeville, PA In the last decade, his reign has bcen reduced from twenty-five to just seven May 12-14 Texas Numismatic Association Coin Show, Fort Worth, TX years. Furthermore, he is no longer con May 20 Craig Whitford Great Lakes IV Sale, Lansing, MI sidcrcd the Kushan king who conquered Ind ia. That accomplishment is now at May 22-23 Numismatik Lanz Auction Nos. 128-130, Munich tributable to his father Wima Takto. Joe May 27 San Francisco Historical Bourse, Holiday Inn, 1500 Van Ness Cribb hedges the updated attributions on two factors. however. A seven-year reign May2B Gofdbergs Pre-Long Beach Auction, Beverly Hills, CA renecls an assumption that Wima Kad June 1-2 Heritage World Coin Auctions, Long Beach, CA phises minted coins at about the same June 1-3 Long Beach Coin, Stamp and Collectibles Expo, CA pace as Kanishka, and a further assump tion that Wima's gold coinage begins at June 3 George F. Kolbe Numismatic Literature Auctions 100- the start of his reign. t:J<1Al""""...... S."ll7.29 S.,' 16-19 ,.:",-",-,-",(ff Nu,. 1s.- 1~ J6 John Rosenfield, 1967, p. 70. o.lOC1. 36 The Celator 4(i Joe Cribb, "Kanishka's Buddha image coins revisited," in Errington, Bopearachchi, cds. Silk Road Art and Numismatic Literature Archaeology 6, Journal of the Institute of Silk Road Studies, Kamakura, 19991 Now Available 2000. pp. 151· 189. Martin Price's 41 Ibid., pp. 165. 167. I·HI.f;()l'.".o; '" ·' HI: """ ...... 48 Ibid. , pp. 177-182 . The Coinage in the Name of ., Cf. Joe Cribb, 1997. p. 21. and Alexander the Great and 1998. pp. 93-94. f'H1LII' J\ RRHIJ),M:US W John Rosenfield. 1967. footnote Philip Arrhidaeus #12, p. 28 1. Lists most imporlant sources of Chinese records concern Two volumes, 637 pages, ing the Kushan. 159 plates. tall quarto. matching jl Especiall y from Chinese Buddhist red cloth, dust jackets & sources - Fa Xi an in the carly 51b centu ry and Xuan Zang in the 71b century. cardboard slipcase. New. , 2 For a general introduction to the Yes - We actually do have them Kushan chronology of kings, see Dav id Jongeward, "Coins of the Kushan in stock and ready for Kings," in The Celator, Vol. 14. No.4, imme diate shi pment. Part 1, April 2000. pp. 6- 16: The Cela $450.00 postpaid tor, Vol. 14. No. 5, Part 2. May 2000, pp. 20-30. A primary reference source for Kushan coinage and art history is See our fu ll inventory of over 1000 titles on VCoins.com John Rosenfield, 1967. Acoinatlas is also vcoins.com/ancientlcharlesdavis an essential reference. although riddled with problems and available only in Ger Charles Davis man. Robert GObi. System lind Chronol P.O. Box 547, Wenham, Mass'" 01984 ogie MiinzPriigllng des Kflsanreiches, Tel: (978) 468 2933 Fax: (978) 468 7893 Verlag der Oslcrrcicruschcn Akademie der [email protected] Wissenschaftcn. Wien, 1984. c.aJogueroflheSt MillionOwrp Numismatic ~ tn.y Member since t968: EAC 142 ANA 60027 11 Sec for cxample, Rosenfield, 1967, footnote # 12. p. 281 for a list of Chinese records referring to the Kushan, especial ly the travels of a Han dynasty official, Chang eh'ien, who is credited for open ing trade routes that wou ld eventually be come known as the Silk Road. '"' "Yabgu" is thc term appearing on the coins. be li eved to be Yuezhi for tribal chief. Cf. Rosenfield, 1967, pp. 11- 16 : al so see Elizabeth Errington and Joe Cribb, cds. 1992, p. 6. 'S Ind ian-Mediterranean sea trade is well documented. Cf. E. H. Warming ton, The Commerce Be/ween the Roman Empire and India, Cambridge Univer sity Press, 1928. republished at Cam bridge, Curto n Press, 1974; Sir Morti m .... n'7& MOSCH er Wheeler, Rome Beyond tile [ndill l! ..I.Gi ..."",ner Munzhandlung Frontier. G. Bell & Sons. London, 1954. !iii These trade routes did not become Specialist areas Services known as the Silk Road until late in the • Ancient coins 19'h century. • buying and sell ing • Medieval coins per year S7 Cf. Joe Cri bb, "The Early Kush • several auctions an Kings: New Evidence for Chro nol • Modern coins • evaluation of individual ogy," in Altram, Klimburg- Salter cds. · Antiquities pieces, coll e<:tions and estates Coins. Ar/ alld Chronology, Vienna, • wide range of coins in stock 1999, pp. 177-205. ' 8 Nicholas Sims-William s and Joe Cribb, "A new Bactrian inscription of Kanishka the Great," Silk Road Art llnd Archaeology, Vol. 4, 1995/6, pp. 75- 142. contilluul 01/ page 46 .. .. May2006 37 A Delta Tigress Preposte rous.! Seen here in Figure I are two by Jim Phelps coins from the same set of dies: Who, sir? Coin I: Ordered from a German dealer in Apri l of 2005. 19.9-mm, Hello? Biggus BosslI5? This is Middlus Managerus. No, I mean "unhelievable".! I'm 2.46 grams, 6:00 rotation. going to have a talk Wilh Bakkus Coin 2: Purchased from a seller Midlilus! How are you fhis fine right now; maybe Slobbus will have in Slovenia in March of 2003. 18.9- day? some company. In the meantime, I'll mm, 3.36 grams, I :00 rotation. send one of the delta engravers over The obverses of these two coins Not had for a Tuesday, sir. to y ou right awayl arc unremarkable. Though the busts are fairly well struck, they arc off (Sigh) I've noticed thai your work This may have been, but probably center and most of the legend is lost. wasn't, the exact conversation that re From the parts that remain, we can see shop is behind quota Middlus. This sulted in the coins we see here today. that it read GALLlENVS AVG, the WOII 'f look good on your review. Gallienus ruled the Roman Em most typical legend for the series. But sir.' I've been short-handed pire from 253-268 CE, a remarkable Given a cursory glance, the re achievement in the mid-third cen verses simply show the tigress, one since Poorus Slobbus drew the em tury - most emperors (or hopefuls) of the morc popular types among penn cross-eyed on a die, and was sent to dean the public toilets.' were fortunate if their reigns lasted collectors. In most references this five years. Toward the end of his is called a " panther", yet frequently Yes, ye}", I saw SlohhUJ laST week reign, a series of coins was issued appears with stripes and enlarged identifying certain deities as the pro mammary glands. The normal leg he didn 'f look well al aff. Very jlushed. tectors of the emperor. The coins end is L1BERO .P. CONS AVG, nam featured an animal on the reverse ing a Roman fertility god, Liber Pater, You know, yesterday / heard Stabbus that presumably had some connec as the protector of the emperor. These Bakkus laughing about how easy his delta boys have il. He says you have no tion to the deity, as well as the leg were issued from the second (beta) idea what's going on over there. end " .. . CONServator AVGusli". workshop of the Rome mint, being Due to the rampant inflation of marked with a "B" in the exergue. the time, huge quantities of this se Looking at th is particular tigress, ries were minted. With some no o' wc see a very muscular animal, with Quality table exceptions, most of the coins straight front legs and the head held Classical Coins are easily found and quite afford upright on a thick neck - uncommon able, while still offering the special for this type. Though stripes are of ist a wide variety of minor types. In shown, they are not in a lifelike pat addition, the fact that so many coins tern, as if the eng'rav'er was unused Mediterranean were produced seems to have led to to reproducing this animal. A faint Civilizations lower quality control - more errors diagonal mark rises from the tigress' were making it into circulation. shoulder - perhaps the start of a wing? The officina mark is a "B", For Collectors In correct for this type - the second All Price Ranges workshop struck the tigress coins for thc "Zoo" series. A closer look also reveals that these examples give the legend APOLLlNI CONS AVG. Three ·coin-types from this series feature the Apo!lo legend: 11 centaur draw Generous Consignment Terms ing a bow, a centaur holding a globe and a rudder, and a gryphon. European Inquiries We/corned The animal on this coin, a ti gress, is very clear and deliberate yet bears a strong resemblance to Bruce Antonelli the gryphon types issued from the 315 East 80th Street 4th (delta) workshop of Rome (see New York, NY 10021-0673 Figure 2). Perhaps a die engraver, on loan from workshop 4, was fill Visit Us Online At ing in at workshop 2. He carves www.vcoins.comiinciinatioroma the animal in a style very close!O Figure 1- Two IE antoniniani of Gallienus Or e-mail us at the gryphon that he was accus with the "Delta Tigress · reverse. (PhO [email protected] tomed to, but with the features of tos courtesy of the author.) the tigress. He also, accidentally. 38 The Celator ARTIS OPUS GALLERY ANTIQUITIES ANCIENT COINS Figure 2- A typical tigress reverse NEO-CLASSICAL ART (left photo) with the LIBERa P ANTIQUARIAN BOOKS CONS AVG legend, and a typical AND ENGRAVINGS gryphon reverse on the right. (Photos courtesy of the author.) A N EW OFFER ING OF puts in the reverse legend he nor GREEK SICILIAN COINS mall y uses. At least some coi ns make it into circu lation before the A Selectioll Of Signed-Die, Pro"ellallud, Published, mi stake is caught. or Otherwise Distinguished Greek Sicilian Coins. These coins show just one of the many varieti es that make this series (Select 'Primo Sicilian' off the Home Page.) coll ectable for both beginning and more advanced collectors. Putting to gether a ty pe set can be challenging. give n so me of the more rare major types, but trying to catch every varia tion minted could take a li fe time. Aboul tir e author- Jim Ph elp s is a lon g-time col lector residing in Ari zona. He has been a frequ ent co n tributor to Th e Celalor incl uding WWW.ARTISOPUSGALLERY .( OM "Caveat Emptor! Fakes Pound in Unc leaned Coin Lots" whi eh ap peared in the March 2004 issue. !!iI Your source for the best in Ancient Coins Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Islamic, Indian, Parthian, Sasanian and Eastern COinage. Over 18 years experience in Numismatics bUSiness. Active ANA Member. Please visit our web site for a superb selection of Ancient, Medieval, and Modern Coi ns as well as IAn,tiquit.iiE" and Numismatic Books. www.parscoins.com Email: [email protected] Tel. (408)590-4815 Fax . (408)867-0950 P.O. Box 9667 San Jose, CA 95157 May2006 39 LETTERS HELP WANTED Colltillfled j rom page 4 the body but in fact gives us the Spe cific Gravity, or Density, direclly! Background in ancients SG = Weight of coin in air/(loss of weight in water)1 andlor world coins. So exactly how did Jorg determine th e Specific Gravity, or Density of the coins he lists? Well, if we use Table 2, For West Coast auction finn, Coin #1, from his article, he measured the coin in air on his scale at 12.585 send resume and salary grams. He then weighed it when it was under wa ter (probably hanging the coin requirements. on a string and suspending it in waler from the scale's weighing pan above). He doesn't give that underwater weight Main function of the prospective but it must have been 11.362 grams because he lists what he calls the employee will be attribution and coin's 'wet weight' as 1.223 grams. (The difference in weight between Ihe research of consignments. weight in air and the weight in water, or 12.585 - 11 .362 == 1.223). Plugging in the values: F + W Publications SG == Weight in Airl l oss of Weight c/ o Bill Bright in Water SG == 1'2.585/(1.223) '"" 10.2~0, or" 700 E. State Street rounding up , 10.3. lo la, WI 54467 So the coi n has a Specific Gravity of 10.3. If it had had a Specific Gravity of exactly 10.5, then the coin would have been pure silver because silver has a density of 10.5 grams per cubic centimeter. And since SG is the ratio KENNETH W. DORNEY of the density of an object 10 the den sity of wa ter, which is always 1 gram CLASSICAL NUMISMATIST per cubic centimeter by definition, then ANCIENT COINS & ANTIQUITI ES the SG of Silver is 10.S/I ! SINCE 1988 Greg Zentz Florida This Month's Special: Mr. Zentz has offered to write a de tailed -how-to· article on specific gravi Ancient Chinese Coi ns and Book ties if there is enough reader interest. A selection of 10 cast Chinese coins ranging from the Han Dynasty E-mail the editor with your thoughts in the 200 Century Be to about the Sung Dynasty in the lih Century and comments. AD. Full y attributed and re ferenced, in grades roughly Fine to EF (types our choice). Add to this a copy of R.B. White's Fillding List of Ch inese Cash (the best auri buti on guide avail able). All for $40 Send us ~ postpaid anywhere in the world! your ~~ ne,;sand • vIews The Celator p.o. Box 10607 For ordering details, see: Lam'aster, PA 1760S·0()07 www.coolcoins.com/s ecials [email protected] 40 The Gelator phers as they were by other authors in and many others commonly used in the the past, arc not really geographical in antiquities trade and literature have no the sense that they can be defined on agreed upon boundaries. It is even maps. Rather these terms are popular more amorphous with historical des concepts, many of which originated in ignations such as "Cradle of Civiliza the 18th and 19'h centuries that are no tion". Yet, I have seen such terms used longer universally accepted. In re in a legal context as if they were precise sponse to a question I recently wrote and accurate geographic descriptions. the following: Finally, we come to the worst area '" Holy Land = The area in which the of all. Terms w ith a strong political bulk of the Biblical narrative took and/or religious context such as Israel place, i.e. What is now Israel/Pales and Palestine, the very use of which tine, the Gaza strip, southern Lebanon, might offend someone. [ do not see the More on Names: western Syria, and Jordan. Some might need for th is type of controversy in the Archaeological also include the Sinai Peninsula. pages of The Ce!a!OI; so I will not even Near East = A 1 9'~ century term for begin to try and define them. Suffice Geography the area comprising the southeastern it to say, that their usc, although com Mediterranean basin from Turkey to mon, can be a thorny issue indeed. Last month I quoted the famous Egypt and the area eastward from Iran This has been but a brief glimpse saying "a rose by any other name is through the Saudi Arabian Pen insula. at some of the problems with geo still a rose", but, unfortunately, when Western Asiatic = A term used to graphical terminology used in connec it comes to the geographical aspects include the area from roughly Af tion with antiquities. If the collector of archaeology, the saying might well ghanistan \0 the Arabian Peninsula and encounters such terminology, then it go" a rose by any other name is still a from Iran 10 Egypt. wou ld be well to establ ish exactly thorny problem." These last two terms are somewhat what is being referred to before mak Consider, first, the simplest aspect synonymous and interchangeable. ing a purchase. of the problem. As anyone who has This is only a rough guide as some made even a cursory study of archae people usc a narrower defin ition and ology can tell you, the ancient name others a broader one." Say you read it in of an archaeological site is often not A rough guide, inueed, and I am the same as its modern name. Even sure that many would disagree with it. The Celator leaving aside changes in languages The problem is that terms like these over the centuries, this can be a big ger problem than- one might expect. This is because we a re often unsure of exactly where many ancient sites were Art of located, so when a site is excavated there can sometimes be rather heated the Ancient World discussion among scholars as to what Greek, Etruscan, site it actually is or if it is a famous place which level (strata) is the famous Roman, Egyptian, one. For example, there continucs to & Near Easlern Antiquities be much discussion over the exact dat We are pleased (0 announce the ing of levels at sites such as Jericho publication of Volume XVlI - 2(0) of and Troy, decades after their excava tion. It is not at all uncommon for an Art of the Ancient World, excavator to announce that a hereto our new 96-page catalog illustrating 233 objlXts fore-undiscovered site has been iden in full c()lor. In addi ti()n, we have published tified only to encounter fierce criticism Mythnlogies of the Classical World and Ancient from his or her peers. Such disputes Egy pt with Glossaries, Chronologies, and Themes are ultimately resolvable on objective for Colle<:ting, a 48'page reference with color maps. scientific grounds. More difficult of resolution arc conflicts in the terms of common us age. For example, what exactly do terms like the " Holy Land", "The fer royal-athena galleries tile crescent", "The Ncar East" and Jerome M Eisenberg, Ph.D .. Director Established 1942 "Western Asia" mean and why are there differing views regarding their 153 Ea.H 57111 Street, New York, NY 10022 extent? One would think that such 212-355,2034 · Fax: 212,688-0412 • E-mail: [email protected] terms arc precise geographic designa For our latest acquisitions. plerHe visit our website: tions with common agreement on their ww w.royala tllena.com extent in much the same way a te rm ROJal-Athena at Seaby, 14 Old Bond Street, London WIS 4PP, Englalld like the British Isles is today. This is, • Tel: (44) 0207-495-2590 · Fax: (44) 0207,491-1595· e,mail: alas, far from the case. This is because m inc [email protected] these terms, although used by geogra- May2006 41 superscription?" And they said unto Him, "Caesa r's". And Jesus, answering, said unto them, "Render to Caesar th e things that are Caesar's and to God the Ihings thaI are God's", (Mark 12: 14-17) This story may be the best-known Biblical reference to a coin , and it is frustrating not to be able to identify it exactly (any more than we can identi Augustus (left photo) and Discussion of the fy thc widow 's mite type exactly). Tiberius are the emperors who However, let us look at the clues. reigned during Jesus' life. "Tribute Penny" Augustus reigned from 27 Be to 14 Augustus was the emperor of AD. Tiberius reigned from 14 to 37 AD. Jesus' childhood and Tiberius Dear Mr. Hcndin-How do you Th us, at the death of Augustus in was the emperor of his ministry, know that the denarius of Tiberi us w ith 14 AD Jesus was a lad of about 18. the MAXIM PONTIF reverse is real This means that during most of the ly the "Tribute penny " Ihat is men time of the ministry of Jesus, Tiberius Th roughout the 20,h and now into the tioned in Mark 12. How do you know was the emperor, whi le Augustus was 2 1" century, this is the generally re it was not a denarius of Augustus? the emperor ofJesus' childhood. peated lore. The MAXIM PONTIF denarius We do not know, no r is it likely Dear Rea der-I don'\ know who represents more than 98 percent of that we will ever know any more. told yo u that I "knew" any of thaI. 1 the known denarii struck under For those who want to show off a can tell you that th is is the current Tiberius. The other two types arc coin that was certainly SIMILAR to approach to the " Tribute penny." quite rare in deed. the "Tribute penny" of Mark, there Some wri ters have made an effort to Neither the Augustus nor the is no doubt that either an Augustus "prove" that the pro v incial tCI T iberius denarius coins arc ve ry or Ti berius denarius or d rachm of radrachms of Augustus o r Tiherius common in the markets of Is rael. any type would qualify. are more likely candidates. b ut that and they never have been. Tn fac t, You may not know that this is not approach is very f ar-fetched in my the provincial drachms of Cappado the only mistake in the King James o pinion. On the other hand, il is cer cia arc just as commonly seen. They rendition of this story. In the origi tainly possible that the "Tribute pen do show up from time to time, but na l 161 1 edition King James trans ny" was a denarius of Augustus. not in any sizeable quantities. (Sor lation , this was mistakenly translat ry, the provincial tetradrachms of ed to the anachronistic "penny" and "Is it lawful to give tribute 10 Augustus and Tiberius don' t show so it has been called (erroneously) Caesar, or not? Shall we give, or up too often here, either.) ever si nc e. This occurred because in shall we not give?" With this in formation. the schol Anglo-Saxon Britain, the Lati n word ars of Biblical Coin s of the 19'1> cen denarius was transformed in to the But He, knowing their hypocrisy, tury, such as the Reverends Rogers word "Penny", the standard si lver said unto them, "Why tempt ye me? and Madden, both ten tatively iden denomination of the time (denariuJ Bring me a penny, that / //lay see it," tified the Tiberius denarius as the = denomination = penny). most probable type to have been the The translators simply assumed And they brought it, And He saith '"Tribute penny". Th is was always th at their curren t money was the unto them, "Whose is this image and d o ne with plenty of caveat. same money used and referred to in the Bible. For hundreds of years the British have used the in itial "d" (re fe rring to denarius) as an abbrevia H. D. RAUCH GmbH Vienna lion for penny or pence. The Greek equivalent to the sil Numismatist and Auctioneer since 1969 ver denarius was the drachm, which For Ancient & World Coins as well as was the same size and va lue. Drachms arc also fou nd in markets Historical Medals and excavations of ancient Israel. Spring Auction for 2006: April 10-1 1,2006 Here arc some other references to this denominati on: Deadline for consignments: Closed, but please Luke 15:8-9. This is the parable contact us about consigning to our next aucti on. of th e woman sweeping her house Please contact us: 01143 1 533 33 12 for the lost piece of silver. The coin was probably a denarius or a E-mail: [email protected] drachm. Rev . Rogers notes that if Write to: A- lOlO Wien, Graben 15 (Europe) the coin was contemporary, it was Visit our shop: www.hdrauch.com probably a Roman denarius or a drachm of Caesarea in Cappadoeia, 42 The Gelator wh ieh was a major Imperial mint of the East. Now Available! Matthew 18:28. "But Ille same savant went out. and found one of lot Kosher his fellow servallts. which owed him a hundred p ence: and he laid hands Forleries 0' Ancient all him, and took him by the throat saying, 'Pay me that tholl owesl'." Jewish and Biblical Coins Matthew 20:2, 9, 10, 13 . T his is the parable of the laborers in the Da,id Hendin vineyard: "And when he had a greed Author of Guide to Biblical Coins, the bestselling Wilh {he laborers jor a penny a day. reference book of all time for this series, documents with photo he semthem into his vineyard." graphs more than 550 common and uncommon forgeries of more Mark 6:37. "He answered and than 125 types, from collections around the world. said 111110 Ihem, 'Give ye them to eat'. 224 pages, 7 x 9 inch hardcover with dust jacket And they say unto him. 'Shall we go $50.00 plus $3.00 shipping. Order your signed copy alld buy two hlll/dred pennyworth oj bread. alld give them to eat'!'" directly from the publisher or your favorite dealer. (See also John 6:7). AMPHORA You can find more anecdotes of l;j. P.O, Be, 805 "pence" in the New Testament at ""- '" Ny" k, NY 10960 Mark 14:4-5; Luke 7:41 ; Luk e fj::-..c::.J . W"'.J 845·358-7364 10:35; and Revelation 6:6 . ..,. Amphor.lCoins@aol. com . Copyright © 2006 www.amphoracoins.com by David Hendin http://www.vcoins.com/amphoracoins lin 11Ie Road - ' '' ~ The Celalor's .• Show & Club THE SWISS NUMISMATIC SOCIETY Schedule Founded in 1879 ~ At the forefront of scientific and historicat researCh for over one hundred years. the Swiss May411l_8'" & May 22""-2911>-The Numismatic Society has established a world-wide reputation by its work. with leading Celator Office w i ll be closed . scholars. collectors and dealers diffused through its well known Revue and Gazette journats May 27"'-8an Fra ncisco His with articles in four languages, together with numerous monographs and speCial publica· tions in such series as Typos and the Catalogues of Swiss Coins. torical Bourse, Holiday [nn Golden The Society itself owes its inception in t 879 to the pioneering spirit of Dr. Charles Fran~ois Gateway, 1500 Van Ness Ave. Trachsel. its founder and first president. but the Swiss numismatic tradition goes back to the June 3Q1h_July8th_ANA Summer earliest days 01 coin collecting in the late t 5"' century when connoisseurs like the Amerbach Semina r in C olorad o Springs, family 01 Basel. inspired by Renaissance humanists such as Erasmus of Rotterdam then CO. Kerry will be co-teaching "An residing in the city. established important cabinets. cient History Through Coins" w ith The Society continued from th e old century under the guidance of Eugene Demole and Paul Stroehlin. while the new was presided over by eminent scholars such as Dietrich Schwarz David L. Vagi. and Colin Martin. th A ugust 16 -18"'-ANA World 's The Swiss Numismatic Society remains today at the service of the international numismatic Fair of Money, Colorado Conven community. dedicated as it is to the furtherance of the knowledge of those small but tion Center. Denver, CO. Kerry w ill invaluable witnesses of art and history. the coins of Greece. Rome. Byzantium. the Orient, be attending the ANA convention the middle ages. the modern period and Switzerland itself. from Wednesday through Friday. By joining this leading society you will be able to participate directly in numismatic research September 2611>_ Wilmington and moreover be eligible to receive the annual Revue and the quarterly Gazette, as well as members' discounts on most special publications. Coin Club of Delaware, Lutheran Applications for membership in the Society are welcome from all with an interest in ancient Chun:h of the Good Shepherd, 1530 and modern numismatics. Foulk Road at 7:30 PM. K erry will The membership fee is Sfr 100 per year (Sfr 50 for members under 25) and Sfr 2000 for life be speaking on Swedish Plate Money. membership. or a sponsoring membership from Sfr 250 per year. Make checks payable to November 191h- Ancient Numis ~ Swiss Numismatic Society. Please visit our website at: www.numisuisse.org. matte Society of Washington. DC, 2 PM meeting in Balti more. Please SWISS NUMISMATIC SOCIETY contact FiISt Consul Mike Mehalick at clo Secretary: Pierre Zanchi, Alpes 10 [email protected] for further PUlly, Switzerland Fax: +41 21 728 65 61 details, Kmy will be..,.,oong 00 ,top;< CH-l009 10 be annoonced E-mail: pmzanchi @bluewin.ch May 2006 43 download and install on your PC. With it versions avaiJable from a number of sourc you can roam the Earth at will, although es. One flash version that we like can be the detail available will vary depending found at: http://www,flashearth.cQmi. The on the location and the images will most interface takes a little getting used to, but likely be out of date. So, if you are look is quite handy once you get the hang of it. ing for your home, be prepared to look back in time, probably several years. How Web Sites: ever, if you are looking for signs of an We have something a little different for cient habitation, a few years won't really you this time: The English Han1mered web matter, will it? site at Have fun wandering over the Forum hI tp :llwww.sonore.com/coi n sl in Rome, the Parthenon in Athens or any home.htm!. number of well-known sites. If you are The site is owned by Timothy Cook, Internet Archaeology adventurous and are willing to do a little who is also the owner of the Englishham research, then you can try looking for the mered group on Yahoo. If you bave an In September 0[2005 the BSC report location of famous battles such as Ther interest in the medieval coinage of Brit ed an interesting news item dealing with mopylac or the Varus Disaster, which ain, then both the group and web site are the Internet, archaeology (or a kind) and marked the end of Rome's expansion into worth checking out. images from space. It seems that an Ital Gennany. How about the location of the That is about all for this month! ian Internet user, Luca Mori, was viewing Lighthouse (Pharos) of Alexandria? The satellite images of his hometown of Sor possibilities are nearly endless. Armenian Numismatic bolo, Parma on GoogJe Earth when he But keep in mind that the earth chang noted a mysterious anomaly. Clearly visi es, frequently, within a single lifetime and Society Publishes ble on one image was an oval mark, esti mueh more so overmillcnnial time frames. Corpus on Artaxiad mated at over 1,600 feet long. He contact Shore lines advance and recede, so that Silver Coinage ed local archaeologist~ and upon investi the harbors of yesterday may be miles in land or even under water today. Structures gating, they discovered a previously un Pica RIVERA, CA-The Armenian are buried and forgotten, but frequently known Roman em villa. Numismatic Society has announced the leave telltale signs above ground. And. the Unfortunately, neither the BSC nor the publication of the Silver Coinage of the earth rises and falls, often in ways that are other new services that reported the event Artaxiad Dynasty of Armenia by Y. T. hard to imagine. went into much detail, includingjust what Nercessian. this new reference is on the For example, if you were to visit the that mysterious oval mark rcally was. But ancient coinage of the Artaxiad dynasty site of the Thermopylae today, you may whatever it is, it is visible from space. You of Armenia (189 Be - AD 34). Coinage be puzzled over exactly how the small can sec it yourself at http:// is a very important source for the study anny of Leonidas was able to hold off a www.tagzania.comljtcm/5134. of Armenian history and art. Coins are greatly larger Persian limy. Where is the Civilization truly does leave its mark the only documents that display the en pass that formed a bottleneck and allowed on the earth. And those marks may last graved effigy of Armenian kings who the Spartan "forlorn hope" to hold the Per for thousands of years and are not always lived more than two thousand years ago, sians at bay for no less than three days? visible from ground level. For years ar Silver coins of Armenian kings are na The historical accounts mention a nmTOW chaeologisl<; have been using satellite im tional treasures, miniature metall ic pass, 2,500 years later it is a broad plain. agery to hunt for signs of ancient civiliza monuments, and primary sources of Ar So, get out there and do a little bit of tions. Now you can too with the help of a menian history. They show in detail the your own Internet archaeology. Can you free PC based utility offered by Google. profusely ornamented tiara, a broad dia expect to tind your very own unidentified dem enCircling the head, the royal vest sign of the ancients? Probably not, but we GooglcEarth: http://carth.google.comi ments, and most important of all , the are sure that Luca Mori didn't expect to king's portrait. lind a Roman villa either. As we mentioned, Google earth is a The book is the result of many years By the way, if you are reluctant to in free utility (there are also Pro and Profes of research by Y. T. Nercessian who has stal! the Google software, therc arc online sional versions available for a fee) that you devoted a lifetime to the study of the coinage of Armenia, authored several books, and has been the editor of Ar menian Numismatic Journal since 1975. In the corpus, more than one thou sand silver coins of all Armenian kings who issued them are catalogued. Virtu ally all known silver coins or their images that have been submitted to the author Learn All About Collecting Ancient Coins are classified in the corpus by a die study, a more accurate and scientific method to classify a coin. Chapters in the Silver Coinage of the www.ancientcoinmarket.com Artaxiad Dynasty of Armenia include "Historical Background," "Survey of Ma New Articles Monthly continued on page 56.. 44 The Celator property, the success of that defense Internet can send a fax: to their legis is relmed specifically to the intensity lators or to peninent govemment agen of the objections thai we raise. If the cies ex pressing their views and en m:ljority of collectors arc silenl, then couraging considerat ion. Moreover, we will all end up marChin g to the beat one docs not even need to be a mem of a different drum. Over the past two ber of the ACCG to use the service. years, the Ancient Coin Col lectors Guild One wo uld th ink that thi s service (ACCG) has joined others who arc work wou ld be overru n with activity, but ing to preserve collector rights. but the that is far from the case. The Guild voice is still very, very small. runs IwO or three campaign s per yea r There are, for example, well over on various issues of concern. The cur 2. 000 subscribers to The Celator. re nt campa ign addresses concern s There are thousands of subsc ribers to about the secrecy that shrouds U.S. .. Return of the Sllent Majority" Internet discussion groups about an State Department consideration of rc cient coins. There are many thousands quests for import restrictions of cultural The pol itical scene in America dur of ANA members who collect ancient property by fo reign states. After twO ing the 1980s was characteri zed by a coins or other coin s thH t arc generally weeks of cajoling on discussion lists and so-call ed awakenin g of the "Silent considered by UNESCO to be cultural on the ACCG web site, the total num ber Majority" . People who had never been propert y. There are numerous numis of users who have sent a fax on this sub vocal or acti ve ly concerned wit h po mHlic organizations wit h ,Ill interest in ject is 136, That, in my opinion, is a litical or world iss ues seemed to be ancien! or world coins more than 100 disgracefu l commcntary on the lack of come energized (0 send a message 10 years old. Still, the number of indi interest that collectors in general have. governmental leaders and to the world vidual me mbers who bel on g to the Even though private coll ectors at large maki ng it clear what they fe lt ACCG and support its efforts is cur vastl y outnumber those who support and wished. One would think that in rent ly less than 500. This is reall y cultuntl property nationalism and the a democ racy the majority wou ld al concrete proof that the m:ljori ty of an strict con trol of cultu ral propert y, we ways set the general lone of govern cient coin collectors are indeed silent . are portrayed as a small , weak and mental poli cy and the basis for laws C:m we afford to be? poorly organized group. Consequentl y, that govern its society. Yet, the views With all of the ink that has been we have a very difficult time convinc of the majorit y do not always prevai I. spilled on the subject of threats 10 this ing anyone in adcci sion making role that Sometimes the reason fo r th:lI is:1 hobby, I hardly need to arg ue that we our in terests and concerns are important lack of art iculat ion among the popu face a serious threat. It is probably true enough to weigh in on the considerations lace. If we don't tell people what we that the issue wi ll not rise to crisis pro at hand. If we are going to be success believe and desire, we surely cannot portions until real damage has been in ful, we simply have to be more vocal. ex: pect them to know. Other ti mes, fl icted. Unfortu nately. it is hard to That may mean that every single collec governmental decision makers create implement damage control from a smol to r has to stand up and be heard. controls that serve an agenda beyond dering heap. Several prominent numis If you have not used the Fa x: Wiz the immediate case at hand. The State matisL,> have called for collector aware ard, then do it now, and check back Department, for ex: ample, may trade ness and support, but fnlllkly the hobby with the ACCG site periodically to fo l off some position fa vored by the major is plagued with a malaise of '''sil entitis''. low futu re campaigns. If you have ity of Americans in ex:change for con One of the ve hi cles offered by the ANY influence in Was hi ngton with sideration on an issue that seems to the ACCG to give individual collectors an ANY party or decision ma ker, then negotiators as se rvi ng the "greHt er opportunity to become acti ve is th e please co ntact me personally to sec good". If these trade-offs do not rai se ACCG Fax Wi zard th at is located on how you might add strength to our po a hue and cry among the populace, they the gui ld's web site at http://accg.us sition If you are a state party activist are generall y regarded as useful and ef and is absolutely free. It is incredibly or comm ittee member, we need your fective tools of diplomacy. simple to use and it takes literally a help! Don't be one of the Silent Ma There li es within these simple few min utes of one's time. With this jority, be one of the vocal survivors. truths a quandary. How does the wi ll tool, anyone with a connection to the of the majority become the agenda by which the servants of "The People" conduct their dai ly affa irs and forlll s the guideline by wh ich deci si on s arc WE SELLANCIENT COINS made? The answer is amaz ing ly simple. The loudest voice wins. The Now in our 40th year strength of thlit voice may be in the form of professional numismatics of leiters, phone calls from infl uential citizens, political support for candidates, media articul:ltion of iss ues (call it http:!. "spin" if yo u like) and more visible ac tivities like demonstrations, marches, and the like. The louder the voice, the ANTIQUARIAN beller chnnce it will be heard. WAYNE G. SAYLES, So, when it comes to an issue like po. B ox 9 11 , Gainesville. MO 65655 defendi ng our right to col lect re l:l (417) 6 7 9·2 [42 · waync@w1Cic nt COlns .ac tivel y in significant objects of cultural May2006 45 Kushan Cont. from page 37 LHS Cont. from page 33 S9 A. L Basham, ed. Papers on the in the morning, and ancient coins were Date of Kanishka, Leiden, 1968. Of offered in the afternoon. scholars important to my research, The morning session consisted of 407 Stanislaw Czuma favoured 78 AD for lots and 90% or 365 of them were sold. the date of Kanishka, John Rosenfield The total pre·sale estimate was 1.1 mil· 110-11 5 AD, and Martha Carter 120 lion Swiss francs and the result was slight· AD. Robert Gobi insisted on a date of Iy above that at 1.225 million Swiss francs. 232 AD. Joe Cribb argued for ca. 100- Of course, a lot of top prices were 120 AD, until he accepted Falk's cal reali zed , but we can't mention all of culations for 127 AD. them. A few examples are: an essay of 60 Harry FalL "The yuga of a Prussian thaler minted in 1816 in Ber Sphujiddhvaja and the era of the Kusa lin fetched 36,000 francs (25,000); the Lot 519 from LHS Auction 95 was nas," in Silk Road Art & Archaeology coins of the Casa Savoia sold especial· this Syracusan AR Tetradrachm, Vll, 2001, pp. 121 - 136. Iy well at 174% over their estimate struck ca. 410-405, Tudeer65, in EF 61 Joe Cribb, "The Greek Kingdom of (153,500 188,400); and a VF·EF 100· condition. It realized 160,000 CHF Bactria, its Coinage and its Collapse," Lire coi n minted in 1872 in Rome in Richard Solomon, ed. Lalle confer brought 16,000 (double its estimate of ence papers, March 2005. Richard So 8,000 Swiss francs). fo r 160,000 francs (65,000 es\.). An un lomon's discussion of the Greck Era will During the afternoon of October 25"', signed dekadrachm minted between 404 appear in the same volume. 460 ancient coins were offered. Collec and 400 in Syracuse whose dies have 62 Joe Cribb, 1998, pp. 83 -97; up tors and dealers from allover the world to be definitely attributed to Kimon dated in an unpublished paper present had come in order to buy one piece or reached nearly as much as the other ed at Oxford conference, 2004. another. So it is not a su rprise that the coin. This perfect dekadrachm featuring 63 My grateful appreciation to the resu lts surpassed the estimates by far: an unusual broad flan was knocked British Museum and Joe Cribb for pcr the estimates were 1.4 million francs down at 110,000 (55,000 es\.). mission to publish this revised chro for the 382 lots sold, but the hammer The resu lts of the Aoman section, nology. January 2005 . prices totaled 1.94 million or 139% of also containing coins from the Migration 64 Elizabeth Errington and Joe the estimates. period and the early Midd le Ages, came Cribb, eds. 1992. The results of the Celtic coins were up to 605,000 francs for 105 coins. The M A king by the name of Xodcshah even higher, seen proportionally. They most expensive Roman coins were an appears in Robert GobI's chronology sold at 610,000 francs , 171% over esti aureus of Platina in EF (46,000 135,000) of Kushan kings, but not Joe Cribb's. mate. A magnificent gold stater of the and an au reus of Nerva in EF (27,000 1 66 Personal communication wi th Joe Parisii from the Pu teaux hoard in good 15,000). We can't list all the other fi ve· Cribb, September, 2004. VF was the most expensive Celtic coin figure-numbers. We just want to state at 19,500 (10,000 es\.). Numerous that the trend of high prices for coins of Greek coins real ized surprising high re the Migration period grows stro nger, es· sults. We can mention just two of them pecially for coins of the Merovingians. A due to lack of space: the cover coin, a VF Merovingian sol idus minted in perfectly preserved tetradrachm from Marseille between 582 and 602 fetched Syracuse of a brilliant classical style 14,000 (3,500 est.). minted between 410 and 405 BC sold AND mNIIOUCIfT IT II(}{)/(, UNf AND !ilNKfR ()£PARTUflffi OUR PAL': TH ROCKM O RTO ~ AWD mRT~QU~ , I ARC HmlOG I STA~ MUCHI~ ~PTA~) AR~ OW C~ AGAIW !Il/I!I YO DUD~S, II[/I£'!I WHAT'S W RO~G WITH YOUR ~~W 1I11!II.D£1JNfTIOIMj/!!IfNT ARn~ACT.[)fTfCT{)II.. 46 The Gelator Professional Directory ( Antiquities ) ( Antiquities & Coins ) ( Antiquities & Coins) f~AGt\fI'lTS Of 1n ANTIQUARIUS MUSEUM·QUALITY ANCIENT ART Robert Loosley Specializing in Greek, Roman, Professional dealer Egyptian and Etruscan since 1969 - ex Seahy Antiquities /'$. Greek & Roman P.O. Box 376 The Time Medfield, MA 02052-0376 Machine Co. www.antiquities.co.nz Tel: (508) 359 - 0090 antiquariu [email protected] E-mail: Fragments@aol. com Fine Archaeological Arl and Coins Contact us for our complimentary catalogue of fine antiquities P.O. Box 282 - Flushing Sla. Visit us on the Internet at: Queens, NY 11367 (718) 544-2708 \ , ,'" / NUMORUM http://www.antiquities.net ff,.," Numismatic Services Coin Photography Catalogs' Mail Bid Sales St~ph~n HUlton, Box 909 , Union City CA 94587 WWW.o umorum.com • Greek • Biblical • Roman _ Judaean • Byzantine • Anliqailies Antiques Ancient & Tribal Company Web Sire: Ancient Coins Art & Artifacts ,"vww.herakJes-inc.com VCo;ns Store: John Ristow www.vcoins.com/heraklcs GALLERY Perry Siegel Legacy Antiques PO Box 480611 204 Sir Francis Drake C/wr/ol1e, NC 28269 DSan Anselmo, CA (71N) 598-2214 Mail ing address: P.O. Box 909 hcr(Jkies@herokk" inc,com Novato, CA 94948 (415) 898·1185 Edgar L. Owen, Ltd. Barry P. Murphy HD ENTERPRISES >- Antiquities Fine Ancient Coins >- Indian Artifacts & Pottery >- Pre·Columbian Artifacts Antiquities, World Art >- Ancient Coins ... and more! >- Buy- Sell- Trade-Consign Attn: Hank Johnson P.O. Box 22082CL, Denver, CO 80222 Ph: 303-695-1301 Huge Internet Gallery Online Catalog: www.hde-jnc,coID Major- On-Line Auction E-mail: [email protected] cBay Seller Namc: lId_enterprises Unsold Items Now At Bargain Reserve Prices www.edgarlowen.com Reach a targeted audience. [email protected],nel Tel: 973-398-9557, Fax: 398-8082 Professional Directory POB 714, Lake Hopatcong, NJ 07849 ads get results! May2006 47 Professional Directory ( Books & Gold Coins) C_____ ~C~o~in~s~ __~) (_____ ~C~o~in~s~ ____) qOOD LIBRARIES ON ANCIENT COINS Brian Kritt RUbHIK NUM ISM ATICS Dealer in Ancient & Medieval Coins Specializing in Ancient WANTED ANCIENT GREEK & ROMAN & Greek, Roman Judaic Coins BYZANTINE We actively purchase desirable numis EARLY RUSSIAN matic books, catalogues and periodicals MEDIEVAL BALKAN in all fields, and also conduct frequent auctions. Send $10.00 for our next cata P.0 .8. 6955, San J""", CA 95 15(1.6955, USA logue or visit our web site to find books ~.ma1I : rudnlk@ rudnlk.com for sale listed.. and upcoming auctions. www.rudnJl<.com qEORqE FREDERICK KOLBE p,o, Box 558 Fine Numismatic Books Burtonsvill e, MD 20866 P. O. Drawer 3100. CI'e$!linr, CA 92325 Ttl; {909} 338-i>527 • Fax: (909) :n6-6980 (301) 236-0256· fax (301) 989-1796 email: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] web site: www.numislit.com DAVID R. SEAR can suppl y autographed copies of all his publications including the latest title ROMAN COINS AND THEIR VALUES, VOL. III B. Special dedication inscriptions on request Fred Shore The penee! gift for yourself or the Classical Numi.muuics collector in your life. Ancien/ Greek, Roman and BYZANTINE EMPlRE Parthian coins of the highest ORDERS MAY BE PLACED Ju,,;" i," 1[. lod i THE LARGEST SElECTION OF ISLAMIC & INDIAN CF.RrIFIED GolD COINS OF THE WORID Glenn Schinke COINS Send for 01U' current price list ofNGCf l CGf Numismatist PeGS third-party certified & graded ancient Lookfor us at: & world gmd coins or visiJ our website: May 12- 14-TNA. Fort Worth. TX www.steinbergs.com May 25-27-Anaheim Coin & Collectible~ Expo. Convention Ctr. Hall A June 1-3- Long Beach Coin & Collecti- bl e, Expo. Long Beach. CA July 8-9-Modesto Coin & Stamp Show. Mode'ao California Centre Plaza July 14- 16- Baltimore Coin & Curr~ncy Price lists issl'ed regularly, Convention. Baltimor~. MD available upon request July 22-23-San Diego Couoty Inler-Club Coin Show, Sconish Rite Cenler, 1895 STEPHEN ALBUM Camino Del Rio So. STEINBERG'S p,O, BOX 7386 P.O. Box 3371 Numismatic Gold Sp«ialist$ Sinn' 1950 SANTA ROSA, CA. 95407 U.sA P.O. Box 1565 Dept TC, Boca Raton,. FL 33429-1565 Rosemead, CA 91770 T.. L:954-781..J455· Fax:954-781-5865..\3@, phone: 707-539-2120 (626) 446·6775 E-mail: [email protected] ~ fax: 707-539-3348 Fax (626) 446-8536 48 The Celator P rofessional Directory ( Coins ) ( Coins ) ( ColDs ) Ancient & World Coins S p ecia list in SPA~AN A ncient C oins PONTERIO Roman, Greek and Large 1lm1ers, NIJH'SHA1t(!S & ASSOCIATES, INC. 1486-1800, In Exceptional Q uality PO Box 19 also stock World Minor Coins, Furlong, PA 18925 1818 Robinson Ave. Medals, Crowns, Artifacts, San Diego. CA 92103 Books and Coin cases (215) 343-9606 O Uf inventory is among Free Illustr ated Catalog (6/ 9) 299·0400 the fi n~sl in America (800) 854·2888 Occasional Li sts Available Attractive, Low Priced Fax (6/ 9) 299·6952 JAMES E. BEACH Ancients E-mail: coins@potlterio,com Numiscellaneous Medieval PNG #308 P.O. Box 113. Owosso, M148867 Antiquities ANA·l M (989) 634-54\5 • FAX (989) 634-9014 [email protected] "No One Sells Better for Less " Our unique Classical Cash auctions allow you to PAY THE PRICE YOU WANT TO PAY Always Buying!!! sector of the ancient coins them 50 ach i ng and such ---,_. _. our fully ilIuslr CALGARY COIN GALLERY Coins Harlan J. Berk, Ltd. ANCIENT & MEDIEVAL COINS Chicago's Full Service Dealer Since 1964 - OUf 42nd Year vcoins.com/nilus Originator of the Lnok!Qr us aJ: Ma y 5-6-Sacram cn to Valley Coin Club Buy or Bid Sales GREEK- RaMAN - BYZANTINE Approx. $1,000,000.00 of Coins & BRITISH · EUROPEAN - ISLAMIC Spring Show, Dante Club, 2330 Fair CHINES E - PARTHIAN - SASSANIAN Oaks Blvd., Sacramento. CA Antiquities In Every Sale July 7 ·9- Colorado Springs Coin Show. JUDAEAN - INDIAN & MUCH MORE Phil Long Expo Cenler. 1515 AulO Mall (AS "".:I.I ....S Tllf,: MOOERN WO Rl.D) 31 North Clark Street Loop, Colorado Springs, CO YOUR COIN SHOP Aug. 11-l3- Texas Coin Show, Grape Chicago, Illinois 60602 ON THE INTERNET vine, T X PH O I2)609-OO1 8 Fax (3 12) 609-1309 www.vcoins.com/ca lgarycoin Serving TexasJufl-time since 1995 E-Mail: [email protected] www.calgarycoin.com P.O. Box 12483 Austin, TX 78711 -2483 • www.harlanjberk.com ~ e-mail: [email protected] Tel.: 512-441 -7158; .... maiI: Jl,Kalm@aoLcorn May 2006 49 Professional Directory ( Coins ) ( Coins ) ( Coins ) FIXed price offerings and PRICE LIST OF ANCIENT COINS Maine Classical I>'{> offer frequent Ancielll Harga;" Price Li.m on-line auctions of ,..hici, w"lain a "ice seleClion oflMefol/owing." Numismatics exceptional ancient coins Ancient Greek Co ins (silver 2069 Atlantic Hwy., Greek Imperial Coin' Roman Egyptian Coin' Warren, ME 04864 VISit Judacan & Biblical Coins Bowley'~: A full service coin center Coins of the Roman I'coc"",,," Open 7am to Spm Mon. thru Fri. www.Paul-Rynearson.com Coins of the Twelve C",,~ ar s and 7am to 4pm on Sat. Roman Republic Coins · Roman I Byzantine Imperial '~:::~::::~":~:,;~:::,~ ...... U.s. Route #1 , Warren, Maine Numismatic Dealer England. Scotland. & Business: 207-273-3462 since 1967 Wr;le for your free copy of our latest Bargain Home: 207-273-2653 Price List of Ancient Coin,· Dealers ill Anciellt coin,· sillce 1965 When in Maine stop ill alld see liS. We will be glad to see you. M&RCOINS 11405 S. Harlem Ave. Barrie Jenkins Worth, IL 60482-2003 Classical Numismatist (708) 671-0806 or (708) 430-1445 Fax: (708) 636-4247 Jonathan K. Kern Co. Bachelor of Arts, Numismatics Ancient, Medieval, Early American Numismatics NUMISMATIK IANZ MONCHEN Dr. Hubert Lanz Luilpoldblock, Maximiliansplatz 10 D-80333 Miinchen, Genllany Tel. (49) (89) 29 90 70 ~''''.. .,. 441 S. Ashland Fax . (49) (89) 22 07 62 f i Lexington, KY 40502 ~ www.lanz.com \ •• ~;,,; (859) 269-1614 You can view our complete catalogs Email: [email protected] online for FREE. Warden yorkcoins.com ~ Numismatics, LLC Roman Ancient British Specialists on Coinages of E ngli s h, Scottish & Irish Hammered Specialists in Greece, Rome, the Near East, Central Asia & India "''''/ P.M .U. #387 72 11 Austin Street Ancient, Medieval Fore't Hills ~cw York 11375·5354 pho!l, (718) 5440120 fd-" (718) 544 0 120 and World Coins <-mail [email protected] Derek P.B . Warden P.O. BOX 2210 Classical Nwnismalisl North Bend, WA 98045 P.O. Box 121 Wyncote, PA 19095 USA Tel. (425) 831-8789 e-mail: [email protected] York Coins [email protected] TeL/Fax: 215-884-6721 Alltolljl lVi/SOli erojmiollai Numismatist 50 The Gelator Professional Directory ( Coins ) ( Coins ) ( ) Visiting: San Francisco? AMPHORA The Silicon Valley? Pegasi Jewish· Biblical Stanford University? NUM ISM AT I CS Greek· Roman TREASURE Ann Arbor, MI Holicong, PA Visit... ISLAND Classical numismatists serving Coins ' Weights Antiquities' Jewelry We carry a large inventory of beginners thru advanced collectors Ancients as well as the largest Free Illustrated Catalogs Free illustrated list Philatelic stock in the Bay Area. available upon request Classical Greek, Aoman, TREASURE ISLAND Byzantine, and Medieval " We wrote the book 3703 Et Camino Real Coins, Books & Antiquities on Biblical coins!" Palo Alto, CA 94306 P.O. Box 131040 (650) 855·9905 AMPHORAfJ)~. ~ Ann Arbor, MI48113 li- p.o. Box 9J5 ~ email: [email protected] Phone: (734) 995-5743 Nyxk. NY 10960 t f) SiS.lss.73M • www.ticoins.com Fax: (734) 995-3410 ~JOOOl RARE ~ \ ~) COINS Specializing ill the ~ ~ Coillage of fudaea WWWANCIENTlMPORTS.COM CE LTI C. ROMAN, EAmRN, * Ancient ., BIBLICAL, GREEK, BY2ANTlNE * Medieval ~ SPECIALIZING IN CELTIC COINS * Modern Siamak Ahghari OF AN,"E'IT Numismatist William M. Rosenblum P,O. Box 355 Coins of Greek, Roman, Evergreen CO 80437-0355 Stleucid, Bywnline, etc. MARC Phone: (303) 838-4831; 910-8245 SIJecializing in Eastern Coinage PO BOX 59J Fax: (303) 838-12 13 P.O. Box 9667, San Jose, CA 95157 GRAND MARAIS, MN 55604 E-mail: [email protected] tel: 408.590.4815 fa,..: 408.867.0950 MAR(@ANClENTIMPORTS.(OM www.rosenblumcoins.com email: [email protected] III the Un ited Slates since 1980 0QIVITa,8 0 Now online at www.vcoins.com LONDON COIN GALLER I ES GALLERY of Mission Viejo 6• • • NUMISMATlCS.t PIIIUT£Lr (specializing in hoards) Buying and Selling Ancient, Medieval and All Owner: John Saunders Wo rld Coins Assoc: Gordon Scholle • Cataloguts Issued Monthly The Shops of Mi ssion Viejo Free Pricelist • Please write for free sample Sui te 27, Mission Viejo, CA 92691 "We cater to all collectors. TeL (949) 364-0990 beginner through advanced" Warne ilL :fJ~illip" Fa> (949) 364·5290 www.civitasgalleries.com Post Office Box 4096 londoncoin @cox.nct Diamond Bar, CA 91765-0096 6800 University Ave Phone/Fax: (909) 629-0757 Middleton, WI 53562 Seroing the Collector Since 1959 www.LCGMV.com Tel: 608.836.1777 Fax: 608.836.9002 May2006 51 Professional Directory ( Coins & Books ) C____ C:::co::.:in::::s'--_~) (_____ ~C~oi~n~s ______) R4lph DeMqrco j\Jl('icnt Coins Visit us 011 the web at VCoins PO. Box 705, Murray Hill, NJ 07974-0705 USA Telephone/FAX (908) 464-7252 marI:;Q in S~I:;Qm~s t ,D !i11 http://www.vcoins.comJ CELTIC, GREEK, ROMAN ralphdemarco and HAMMERED COINS bouXht &: "v/d- i//ustral<'d lisl "IJO II 1Y'1J 'j(·.11 P.o. BOA 32. Hockwo ld. KIRK DAVIS Brandon. U. K. IP26 4 HX Classical Numismatics Tel/FaA: + 44 (0) 1842828292 Greek · Roman · Celtic email: mike.vosp::[email protected] Numismatic Li terature website: http://www.vospcr4coins.co.uk Illustrated Catalogues issued quarterl y Top doll ar paid for si ngle coins or entire coll ections P/~ast' coli or ... ril~ mrd express >vmr imf'resl Posl Office Box 324 sRhinx . Claremont, CA 91711 USA NumIsmatIcs (909) 625-5426 Oricnlal Grt"Ck • ISlamic • Parthian www.vcoins.comJsphinx Your ad could be TEL. 905· 947· 0954 in this space for less ymi shriki @sympatico.cn thall $17 per month! CANADA Send your advertising message to a targeted market of almost 2,500 ancient coin enthusiasts. Support your Celator Donald R. & Marcella Zauche Advertise inlhe P.O. Box 2000 Westminster. MD 21 158 Professional Directory! 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SAI.FS Bought, Sold and Auctioned! ANCIENT'MEDIEVAL-EARLY FOREIGN QUALITY COINS FOR EVERY BUDGET On ~ oftht Old" , Firm, in th ~ U.S. dealing in Ancient Coin,,1 VISIT OUR TABLE AT·THESE SHOWS:- In" "",,;""'1 ~ ",,,,;,, riQft ~ 1.n1U1 IJ 1.);, 0 SAMUS CLASSIC COINS NUMISMATICS, LLC i ~ . : Greek. Roman Ancient & Medieval British 1, ~ CoinArt.net ' Selecledjor quality and value c{ Ancient Coins & Artifacts r- "Davi&fjOIJ.S A a=. Ud. Biblical Antiquities V 16E3' Cold Spring, MN 56320-1050 320-685-3835 • FAX .320-685-S(,36 Numismatic Gifts email : [email protected] Ancient Art -, WWW.SAMUSCOINS.COM [email protected] Reach A Targeted Audience PO Box 3356 Iowa City. IA 52244 Professional Directory P.O. BOX 26715 Phone: (319) 6214327 TAMARAC, FL TolI·Free: 888·853·7866 Ads Get Results! "' 33320, USA Artemide Aste s. r.[ Three to four auctions per year. Write us for FREE catalogue! Greek, Roman and Mcdieval Coins ( Numismatic Services ) Papal Coins and Medals ltali3ll and World Coins N=;'~ boob Mtem;d'-;',te u.1. Via A. Giangi 4 - 47891 Dogana REPUBLIC OF SAN MARINO tel: + 378 908845 fax: +378 972142 O/I!JNE rmreIII, ATiRB.IiCtl t V,Iill\Ttw ~ e-mail: [email protected] fill AIICIKT G/l!li, ROO~ 11Jf/!.m£ ctIIS www.artemideaste.com Visit our website for our internet sale! May2006 53 Club & Society Directory Ancient Coin Club Twin Cities Orange Count:J of ChiCagO Ancient Coin Club Meets the 4111 Thursday of the month OCACC at 7:30pm at Immanuel Lutheran Church, 104 Snelling Ave. , one Ancient Coin Club block south of Grand Ave. in SI. The OCACC meets {III tht 4th SWlday of!he monlh Paul, MN. For more information, hom 1:30-4:30PM at the Fountain Valley Public Library. The library is located ' I 17635 Los AlAmO. please contact the Club Secretary, SlrCel in Founll.in Valley. Please conlaCl Brd! Tel fOTd Art Nool, at 715/332-5443 or by e II (949) 463-3397 or 01 Im:[email protected] mail at [email protected]. detail$ on future meeting •. www...... :i coilU.comIOCACC.hlm D.A.W.N. :7Incienl Xumismalic dis- Denver Area Wortd 0ocJe/yoj7J!Jashiny!on, VC cussion Greek, Roman and Numismatists Biblical coins and antiqu ities . Usually meets the 3rd SLmday of each Meets the 1st Friday of each month at 7PM at Calvary Chapel located month lit 2:00pm. Please join us for our at 9052 W. Ken Caryl Ave near So. progrnms lIIld discussions of lIIlcient nu Ancient Coin Club Garrison Street in Littleton, Colo mismatics and history. For more infor rado. Forcollectors of Ancient, Me mation,pieasecontactFin>tConsulMike of Los Angeles dieval and World coins. All are wel Mehali ck at 301-552-2214, GENIOA VGVSTI@comcastnetorvisit Meets the 2 nd Sunday of the QQID..el.Call Bill Rosenblum at 303- 838-4831 for further information. http://answ.ancients.info. month at Ipm at the Town Hall in the Balboa Mission Shopping Center in Gran VANCOUVER ANCIENT ada Hills, CA. For more in COIN CLUB formation, please visit The Vancouver, BCAncient Coin http://www.accla.org. Club usually meets the third Sun day of each month from 2-4 pm at th e McGill Branch of the Burnaby Library, 4595 Alben San Francisco Ancienl Burnaby, near For Numismatic Society ml: :~ :~ii~;;;::'~";d~:Hcontactas ting s. Paul Meets the 2nd Saturday of each or email month at 2: lSpm at Fort Ma son, San Francisco. Guests are welcome. For further infonna Classical Numismalic Associatiol1 ofDcNcatct> tion, please contact the club at Society of Ihe 13\jzal1til1c Collcctors SFANS@ancient-co ins.com. Delaware Valley Meets Sa turday Noon at major Meets the 2nd Saturday of each events: January NYINC, Spring CSNS, Summer ANA, with guest month at 1 :OOpm at Camden PAN - The Pacific speaker and mutual display of trea County Library, 15 MacArthur sures. Annual dues are $5. Contact the Ancient Numismatists Blvd., Westmont, NJ 08 108 . For Empress at tha1assa@aol. com. Dues Meets the 2 00 Sunday information, please call Dick toADBe, P.O. Box 585, Okemos, MI of the month at 1 :OOpm Shultz al (856) 667-0346. 48805-0585 ; (51 7) 349-0799. al the Bellevue Public Library in Bellevue, WA. For further infor- mation write to PAN at Ancient Coin Wayne G. Sayles. P.O. Box 1384, Langley, WA Executive Director 98260. www.pnna.org/pan Collectors Guild P.o. Box 911 hUp:l/ accg.us Join a Club & Enjoy Gainesville, MO 65655 417-679-2142 Your Hobby Even More! 54 The Celator INDEX OF DISPLAY ADVEImSERS Celator Classified's Album. Stephen ...... 48 Amphora 43. 5 t Ancient Co May 2006 55 Artaxiad Cont. from page 44 Silver Coinage of the Al1axiad Dynasty of Armenia is a comprehensive mono ANS Seeks Second graph designed to aid the scholar, collec jor Numismatic Works," "Survey of tor, and dealer as well. The student of nu Margaret Thompson Hoards," " Ca t alogue,~ "Analysis," "Ar mismatics, history, and art wil l find this menian Summary," "Sale and Auction book an indispensable reference. Curator of Greek Coins Catalogue Publishers," an extensive Silver Coinage of the Al1axiad Dynasty "Bibliography," "Key to Plates," "Index," NEW YORK, NY-The American Nu of Armenia, by Y. T. Nercessian. Los An and the photographic "Plates" which mismatic Society is seeking to fi ll a posi geles: Armenian Numismatic Society, Spe include coin photographs of actual size tion of a second Margaret Thompson Cu cial Publication, No. 11,2006, x + 212 pp. rator of Greek Coins. The Society hopes and two times enlargements. and 96 plates, Armenian summary, to recruit an energetic and creative cura This is the first time that such an ex hardbound. Retail $60 piuS shipping ($5 tor to oversee its collections of Greek and tensive undertaking has taken place to in U.S., $10/$20 by surface/airmail to for Roman Provincial coins as well as other catalogue and present the silver coin eign addresses) . The Armenian Numis age of the Artaxiads in die study for parts of the collection. The successful in matic Society may be contacted at 8511 mat, with detailed metrological data, dividual is expected to work with Dr. Peter Beverly Park Place, Pico Rivera, Califor past history, and nearly sixty percent van Alfen. Margaret Thompson Associate nia 90660, U. S. A. or bye-mail at Curator of Greek Coins and the other cu 01 the catalogued coins illustrated. [email protected]. ratorial staff. The applicant will have to be prepared to work on parts of the collec tion outside of the ancient field. The suc Say you read it in cessful candidate is expected to worK on the ANS' exhibition program, con tribute to the ANS Magazine, and do research The Celator in his or her own chosen fi eld. All ANS curators are expected to participate ac tively in the Society's development, out reach and public relations in itiatives. Cu rators also provide instruction in clas sical numismatics at the ANS Graduate Seminar and elsewhere. The Curator should hold or be about to finish a Ph.D. or have equivalentquali lications in a related field, such as his· tory, art history, or archaeology. The Curator should also be proficient in other foreign languages, including ancient Greek, and two modern languages. The Cu rator is expected to be or become a recognized expert in his/her field, through study, research, writing, and pub· lication on coinage, the ancient world and other fields. The position is fully endowed and allows a competitive salary with ex cellent benefits depending on the experi ence of the successful candidate. Candidates with a background in nu mismatics will be given preference. For more information about the ANS and a job description, please visit the website I Please include me as a subscriber to The Celator: I at www,numismatics,org or contact Dr. Ute Warlenberg Kagan at 212-571-4470 I Name Subscription Rates: I I (extension 1307) or bye-mail at I Address ______(1-year/2-year) [email protected]. I $30 I $54 United States I To apply for the position, please send c;ty ______I $36 / $68 Canada I your resume and cover letters, with three I ______z ;p ____ $60/ $108 International I names of referees, by emai l to [email protected]. If email (V isa/MasterCard Accepted; I I is not available, please mail it to: D Enclosed is a check or money order Checks fo r Canada and Interna- I tional subscriptions must be in I The Search Committee I D Please bill my MastercardNisa US S drawn on a US bank) I The American Numismatic Society I Oven;eas delivery by air·remail I 96 Fulton Street, Mail to: The Celator I New York NY 10038 Visa or Mastercard # P.O. Box 10607 I I Reviews of applications will begin on Lancaster,PA 1----L ______------~ May 15"', 2006, but the position will re I Exp. Date __ I __ Signature 17605-0607, USA I main open until an appointment has been made. 56 The Celator VNIW.cn com Auctions • Fixed Price Usts • Purchases and Sales Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. Leading The World in Ancien~ Medieval & British Numismatics United State s Office : Post Office Box 479, Lancaster, PA 17608-0479, USA Tel: 717.390.9194 Fax: 717.390.9978 london Office: 14 Old Bond Street, london W1S 4Pp, UK Tel: +44.20.7495.1888 Fax: +44.20.7499.5916 Complimentary Catalogue On Request [email protected] SINCE 1935 Your Source for Ancient and Medieval Coins AUCTIONS APPRAISALS RETAIL • 71 Years of Experience • Award Winning Catalogues • Regularly Scheduled Public Auctions as well as Mail Bid Sales conducted quarterly in the Spring, Summer, Fall & Winter. • We are interested in selling coins to collectors. Whether you are looking for rare coins of the highest quality or more moder ately priced coins in decent, col lectable condition, chances are that we can help. Please contact us if you are considering selling any of your ancient or world coins. We can help whether by private treaty or auction. VISIT US ON THE WORLD WIDE WEB AT.' www.stacks.com NEW PURCHASES-MONTHLY OFFERINGS-AUCTION INFORMATION . . 123 West 57th Street New York, NY 10019 ([om @aUene5 Telephone: (2 12) 582-5955 FAX: (212) 245-5018 ! (212) 582-2580 (212) 582-1946 Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.stacks.com or E·mail us at [email protected]